WO2020121015A1 - Электрохимическое устройство для накопления энергии - Google Patents
Электрохимическое устройство для накопления энергии Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020121015A1 WO2020121015A1 PCT/IB2018/001607 IB2018001607W WO2020121015A1 WO 2020121015 A1 WO2020121015 A1 WO 2020121015A1 IB 2018001607 W IB2018001607 W IB 2018001607W WO 2020121015 A1 WO2020121015 A1 WO 2020121015A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electrochemical device
- electrolyte
- energy storage
- aqueous solution
- electrodes
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/62—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/52—Separators
Definitions
- the invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to the design of an electrochemical device that accumulates electrical energy, and can be used in modern energy, for example, in devices that accumulate regenerative braking energy in vehicles, as traction batteries for electric vehicles (electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles), in emergency power supply systems when operating in the constant or compensating charge mode.
- the known device has several disadvantages: namely:
- this electrochemical capacitor cannot work as a highly cyclic high-power capacitor with a double electric layer.
- a high-power electrochemical device for the storage of energy of a capacitor type including a housing installed in it at least a pair of carbon electrodes, a separator separating these electrodes impregnated with an aqueous electrolyte, and collectors (RF patent J4 2140680, CL NO 9/00, 1999 g.).
- a capacitor has a low power consumption, because electrodes made of carbon materials when working with an aqueous electrolyte (sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) have a real value of the operating voltage of about 1.0 V, and the energy capacity of the capacitor, which depends on the square of the operating voltage, is limited by the decomposition voltage of the electrolyte and the electrostatic capacity of the double electric layer, which depends from the specific surface of carbon.
- aqueous electrolyte sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide
- an electrochemical device for energy storage comprising a housing, two carbon electrodes installed in it, a separator placed between them, impregnated with an aqueous halide electrolyte, and one electrode is impregnated with an aqueous solution with a concentration of at least 38% halides of the elements of the first or second or third main subgroups of the periodic system, or a mixture thereof, and the second electrode - an aqueous solution with a concentration of 1-80% of halides of the elements of the second or third group of side subgroups of the periodic system, or a mixture, while as an electrolyte of the first electrode used an aqueous solution of sodium bromide or lithium bromide, or a mixture thereof, and as an electrolyt
- the use in the electrochemical device for storing energy of different electrolytes on different electrodes provides operation in various modes, which enables the device to operate as a chemical current source, a hybrid asymmetric capacitor and a double electric layer capacitor.
- An element of such an electrochemical device may not correspond to any of the criteria for accumulating the charge of a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, or a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the technical result solved by the invention is the creation of the design of an electrochemical device for energy storage, ensuring the stability of the device due to the stable preservation of a given concentration of electrolyte components on the electrodes and increasing the service life in various modes
- the technical result in the present invention is achieved by creating an electrochemical device for energy storage, comprising a housing, two carbon electrodes installed in it, a separator impregnated with electrolyte placed between them, and collectors, in which, according to the invention, a concentrated solution with a salt concentration of 25 is used -65%, the cations of which are formed from a mixture of elements of the first or second, or the third or fourth groups of the main subgroups, or mixtures thereof in any combination of groups, main and secondary subgroups, and the anions or polyanions are formed from elements of the seventh group of the main subgroup of the periodic system.
- the optimal concentration of cations, anions, or polyanions increases the charging potential and specific energy in the anodic and cathodic regions of the electrochemical device with good conductivity of the concentrated aqueous electrolyte solution, which provides high power and the ability to operate the device in the mode of CDES, hybrid capacitor, or HIT.
- the invention is characterized in that the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution.
- aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes can be used in a device with the indicated electrodes, it is preferable to use (highly conductive) aqueous solutions of inorganic salts.
- the solubility of the salts used in the aqueous solvent is an order of magnitude higher than that of the currently used organic solvents.
- a high concentration of salts is a guarantee of reliable operation of the device in the HIT mode.
- the invention is characterized in that an aqueous solution of lithium, sodium and cadmium bromides is used as the electrolyte, which makes it possible to manufacture an electrochemical device with an operating voltage range of the cell from 1.0 to 1.6 V.
- the invention is characterized in that an aqueous solution of calcium, sodium and cadmium bromides is used as the electrolyte, which makes it possible to manufacture an electrochemical device with an operating voltage range of the cell from 1.0 to 1.7V.
- the invention is characterized in that an aqueous solution of zinc, calcium and sodium bromides is used as the electrolyte.
- the use of zinc bromides allows you to increase the range of the operating voltage of the element to 1.9V.
- the invention is characterized in that an aqueous solution of lithium, sodium and lead bromides is used as the electrolyte, which makes it possible to manufacture an electrochemical device with an operating voltage range of the cell from 1.0 to 1.6 V from widely available materials.
- the invention is characterized in that an aqueous solution of lithium, sodium and indium bromides is used as the electrolyte, which makes it possible to manufacture an electrochemical device with an operating voltage range of the cell from 1, 0 to 1.65V.
- the invention is characterized in that a swelling membrane is used as a separator, providing ion transport for all types of ions in solution.
- the invention is characterized in that the electrolyte solution is a non-aqueous solution to increase the operating voltage to 2.5 V per cell.
- cations and anions or polyanions in the electrolyte from a mixture of group elements, main and secondary subgroups of the periodic system, an optimal and stable electrolyte concentration is ensured by eliminating the reduction of cations and anions on the electrodes during operation of the electrochemical device.
- This increases the service life of the device and the stability of operation in various modes in the conditions of its use in a vehicle (electric car, hybrid electric car, etc.) at the same time as a capacitor with a DES for starting the engine internal combustion, as a hybrid electrochemical capacitor for accelerating a vehicle and as a HIT during movement and prolonged overtaking.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrochemical device
- FIG. 2 shows a charge-discharge curve for a given device at constant current.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage has bipolar electrodes (1, 2) made of carbon material, an ion-permeable separator (3) separating electrodes impregnated with electrolyte, and collectors (4).
- the internal elements of the device are placed in the housing (5) (Fig. 1).
- a swellable membrane can be used as an ion-permeable separator (3).
- the swellable membrane can be made of cellulose or paper, or of mineral fibers with a binder or in the form of a porous polyethylene or polypropylene film.
- a solution with a salt concentration of 25-65% is used as the electrolyte, the cations of which are formed from elements of the first or second, third, or fourth groups of the main subgroups or their mixtures in any combination of groups, main and secondary subgroups, and the anions or polyanions are formed from elements of the seventh group of the main subgroup of the periodic system.
- the electrolyte may be an aqueous solution of calcium, sodium and cadmium bromides or lithium, sodium and cadmium bromides, or an aqueous solution of zinc, calcium and sodium bromides, or an aqueous solution of lithium, sodium and lead bromides, or an aqueous solution of lithium, sodium and indium bromides.
- the device has bipolar electrodes (1, 2) made of carbon material, which are cards sized 123x143 mm, cut from carbon fiber woven material like Busofit T-1.
- the thickness of the positive (1) and negative (2) electrodes is 200 ⁇ m.
- a 160x140 mm bipolar collector made of a conductive Coveris Advanced Coatings film with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m is taken.
- the collector (4) along the circuit is covered with a layer of sealant.
- the separator (3) with a size of 155x135 mm is made in the form of paper from mineral fibers with a binder (such as “Bahit”) with pores smaller than 5 microns.
- the electrodes (1,2) and the separator (3) are impregnated with an electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of lithium bromides - 16%, sodium - 16% and cadmium - 20%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- the electrochemical device in design and technology is made analogously to example 1, characterized in that the electrodes and the separator are impregnated with an electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of calcium bromides - 16%, sodium - 16% and cadmium - 20%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the electrochemical device in design and technology is made analogously to example 1, characterized in that the electrodes and the separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of lithium bromides - 16%, sodium - 16% and zinc - 20%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- Example 4 The electrochemical device in design and technology is performed analogously to example 1, characterized in that a polypropylene membrane (Celgard) is used as a separator, and the electrodes and the separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of lithium bromides - 16%, sodium - 16% and indium - ten%.
- a polypropylene membrane (Celgard) is used as a separator, and the electrodes and the separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of lithium bromides - 16%, sodium - 16% and indium - ten%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the electrochemical device in design and technology is performed analogously to example 1, characterized in that a polypropylene membrane (Celgard) is used as a separator (3), and the electrodes and separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of lithium bromides - 12%, sodium - 12% and lead - 2.3%.
- a polypropylene membrane (Celgard) is used as a separator (3), and the electrodes and separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of lithium bromides - 12%, sodium - 12% and lead - 2.3%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the electrochemical device in design and technology is made analogously to example 1, characterized in that a polypropylene membrane (Celgard) is used as a separator, and the electrodes and separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of calcium bromides - 47% and zinc - 18%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- the electrochemical device in design and technology is performed analogously to example 1, characterized in that the electrodes and the separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of lithium bromides - 12% and cadmium - 28%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the electrochemical device in design and technology is made analogously to example 1, characterized in that the electrodes are made of carbon fiber woven material such as Busofit T, and the electrodes and the separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of calcium bromides - 20%, sodium - 3% and zinc - 2 %
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the electrochemical device in design and technology is made analogously to example 1, characterized in that the electrodes are made of carbon fiber woven material such as Busofit T, and the electrodes and the separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of calcium bromides - 18%, sodium - 3% and zinc - 2 %
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the electrochemical device in design and technology is made analogously to example 1, characterized in that a polypropylene membrane (Celgard) is used as a separator (3), and the electrodes (1, 2) and the separator (3) are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of calcium bromides - 16%, sodium - 16% and cadmium - 20%.
- a polypropylene membrane (Celgard) is used as a separator (3)
- the electrodes (1, 2) and the separator (3) are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of an aqueous solution of calcium bromides - 16%, sodium - 16% and cadmium - 20%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the electrochemical device according to the design and technology is made analogously to example 1, characterized in that a swellable membrane from a cellulose film is used as a separator (3), and the electrodes and the separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form an aqueous solution of calcium bromides - 16%, sodium - 16% and cadmium - 20%.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- the device has bipolar electrodes (1, 2) made of carbon material, which are cards 80x96 mm in size, cut from carbon fiber woven material like Busofit T-1.
- the thickness of the positive (1) and negative (2) electrodes is 200 ⁇ m.
- the collector (4) along the circuit is covered with a layer of sealant.
- the separator 84x100 mm in size is made in the form of paper from mineral fibers with a binder (of the type “Bahit”)
- the electrodes and the separator are impregnated in the electrolyte in the form of a non-aqueous solution of 35% zinc bromide and 1.1% bromine in propylene carbonate.
- the electrochemical device for energy storage is optimized as a double electric layer capacitor (CDEC), a hybrid electrochemical capacitor, a chemical current source (CIT).
- CDEC double electric layer capacitor
- CIT chemical current source
- FIG. 2 shows typical charge-discharge curves for a 27V device with a three-component electrolyte consisting of: 16% Ca, 16% Na, 20% Cd.
- a double electric layer is charged in a straight section of the discharge curve, which is formed on the negative (2) electrode from hydrated ions Na + , Ca + and partially Cd ++ , and on the positive (1) electrode from hydrated ions Br .
- the inflection of the charging curve in the voltage range of 20-25V indicates the occurrence of the Faraday reaction on the positive electrode:
- the device becomes “hybrid”, i.e. On one of the electrodes, a redox reaction occurs, and on the other, the charge of a double electric layer.
- the device has all the features of a chemical current source, i.e. the occurrence of electrochemical reactions at both electrodes.
- the discharge of the device occurs in the reverse sequence of reactions and processes. Although, practically all 3 processes can begin simultaneously, participating to varying degrees in different parts of the discharge curve.
- the concentration of the salt solution is more than 65%, the solution crystallizes, which excludes its use.
- the claimed electrochemical device for energy storage meets the condition of patentability "industrial applicability".
- the proposed design of an electrochemical device for energy storage compared with the prototype has a longer service life, is more stable in various modes due to the stable preservation of a given concentration of electrolyte components on the electrodes when working as a chemical current source, a hybrid capacitor and a double electric capacitor layer
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201880100068.3A CN113168969B (zh) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | 电化学能量存储装置 |
US17/297,958 US11348741B2 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Electrochemical device for storing energy |
EP18905900.9A EP3896710B1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Electrochemical device for storing energy |
CA3122910A CA3122910C (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Electrochemical energy storage device |
PCT/IB2018/001607 WO2020121015A1 (ru) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Электрохимическое устройство для накопления энергии |
EA202191493A EA202191493A1 (ru) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Электрохимическое устройство для накопления энергии |
AU2018452488A AU2018452488B2 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Electrochemical device for storing energy |
ES18905900T ES2957614T3 (es) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Dispositivo electroquímico para almacenar energía |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/IB2018/001607 WO2020121015A1 (ru) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Электрохимическое устройство для накопления энергии |
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WO2020121015A1 true WO2020121015A1 (ru) | 2020-06-18 |
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PCT/IB2018/001607 WO2020121015A1 (ru) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Электрохимическое устройство для накопления энергии |
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US (1) | US11348741B2 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP3896710B1 (ru) |
CN (1) | CN113168969B (ru) |
AU (1) | AU2018452488B2 (ru) |
CA (1) | CA3122910C (ru) |
EA (1) | EA202191493A1 (ru) |
ES (1) | ES2957614T3 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2020121015A1 (ru) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4033571A1 (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2022-07-27 | Geyser Batteries Oy | Assembly of elements and electrochemical energy storage device |
EP4134993A1 (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-15 | Geyser Batteries Oy | Electrochemical cell comprising electrodes a separartor and terminals with channels for fluid cooling it |
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- 2018-12-14 US US17/297,958 patent/US11348741B2/en active Active
- 2018-12-14 AU AU2018452488A patent/AU2018452488B2/en active Active
- 2018-12-14 CA CA3122910A patent/CA3122910C/en active Active
- 2018-12-14 EP EP18905900.9A patent/EP3896710B1/en active Active
- 2018-12-14 ES ES18905900T patent/ES2957614T3/es active Active
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EP4033571A1 (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2022-07-27 | Geyser Batteries Oy | Assembly of elements and electrochemical energy storage device |
EP4134993A1 (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-15 | Geyser Batteries Oy | Electrochemical cell comprising electrodes a separartor and terminals with channels for fluid cooling it |
WO2023017097A1 (en) | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-16 | Geyser Batteries Oy | Electrochemical cell comprising electrodes, a separator and terminals with channels for fluid cooling it |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3896710B1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
AU2018452488B2 (en) | 2022-08-11 |
CA3122910A1 (en) | 2020-06-18 |
ES2957614T3 (es) | 2024-01-23 |
EP3896710A1 (en) | 2021-10-20 |
EA202191493A1 (ru) | 2021-09-06 |
CA3122910C (en) | 2022-06-07 |
EP3896710C0 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
CN113168969A (zh) | 2021-07-23 |
US20220020537A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 |
CN113168969B (zh) | 2022-05-20 |
US11348741B2 (en) | 2022-05-31 |
AU2018452488A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
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