WO2020119574A1 - 食品新鲜度判定装置以及包括食品新鲜度判定装置的冰箱 - Google Patents

食品新鲜度判定装置以及包括食品新鲜度判定装置的冰箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020119574A1
WO2020119574A1 PCT/CN2019/123350 CN2019123350W WO2020119574A1 WO 2020119574 A1 WO2020119574 A1 WO 2020119574A1 CN 2019123350 W CN2019123350 W CN 2019123350W WO 2020119574 A1 WO2020119574 A1 WO 2020119574A1
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Prior art keywords
gas sensor
freshness
gas
determination device
storage
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PCT/CN2019/123350
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
豊嶋昌志
金野麻里菜
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Qingdao Haier Refrigerator Co Ltd
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
Aqua Co Ltd
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Qingdao Haier Refrigerator Co Ltd
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
Aqua Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2020119574A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020119574A1/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for determining the freshness of food in a refrigerator and a refrigerator including a device for determining the freshness of food.
  • a refrigerator in order to determine the freshness of food stored in the storage compartment of the refrigerator, the gas in the storage compartment is detected by a gas sensor included in the storage compartment, and the food is determined based on the components contained in the gas Freshness (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 1 JP Patent Publication No. 2013-249990
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a freshness determination device which is not easily affected by temperature and/or humidity fluctuations in a storage room.
  • the freshness determination device of the present invention includes a sealed container provided on the back side of a drawer-type storage room, and at least a part of it is surrounded by a recess formed by a heat insulating material on the back side of the refrigerator.
  • the storage compartment is provided in the box of the refrigerator; a detection part, which is provided in the closed container and includes a gas sensor; and a control part, which performs freshness with food based on the detection data obtained by the gas sensor
  • the piping connected to the gas sensor is opened in the storage room, and the control unit is based on the gas in the storage room obtained by the gas sensor.
  • the detection value of the contained component is determined in relation to the freshness of the food stored in the storage room.
  • the detection unit including the gas sensor is provided in the sealed container, and the sealed container is covered with the heat insulating material. Therefore, the influence of the gas sensor due to temperature and humidity fluctuations around the freshness determination device can be suppressed. Thus, the working environment of the gas sensor is stable, and the freshness of the food stored in the storage room can be determined with high accuracy.
  • the piping connected to the gas sensor is inserted into the opening provided on the back surface of the storage room.
  • the structure in which the gas sensor communicates with the inside of the storage compartment is simple, so that the freshness determination device can be easily installed even in a refrigerator that has been manufactured.
  • the freshness determination device includes: a switching valve provided in the piping; and a gas supply unit provided between the switching valve and the gas sensor to supply the gas sensor Gas; the switching valve can be switched between a first state and a second state, the first state is a state where the inside of the storage chamber communicates with the gas sensor, the second state is the state of the storage room In a state where the external space is in communication with the gas sensor, the gas supply part sucks the gas in the storage chamber in the first state to supply the gas sensor, and sucks the storage in the second state The gas from outside is supplied to the gas sensor.
  • the present invention it is possible to switch between the first state in which the gas sensor communicates with the inside of the storage chamber and the second state in which the gas sensor communicates with the external space of the storage chamber according to the purpose.
  • the first state is switched to perform the freshness of the food stored in the storage room
  • the gas sensor can be calibrated before detecting the gas component in the storage chamber, the accuracy of the data detected by the detection unit can be improved.
  • the gas sensor includes a temperature sensor and/or a humidity sensor.
  • temperature correction and/or humidity correction can be performed on the gas supplied to the gas sensor. Therefore, the accuracy of the freshness determination of the food stored in the storage room can be improved.
  • the freshness determination device configured as above can provide a freshness determination device that is not easily affected by temperature and/or humidity fluctuations in the storage room.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a refrigerator including a freshness determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the storage room and the freshness determination device when the storage room to which the freshness determination device is connected is pulled out in the refrigerator shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a freshness determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a freshness determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of control processing for freshness determination in the freshness determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a timing chart for a control process for performing freshness determination in a freshness determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention, (a) shows a gas detection state of a gas sensor, (b) shows a switching valve (C) shows the working status of the pump.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of the correlation between the sensor output and the number of bacteria for determining the freshness of fresh food, and the determination criteria for freshness determination.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. First, the outline of the refrigerator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the heat insulating material 2 is provided on the upper surface side, lower surface side, back surface side, and both side surfaces between the inner frame and the outer frame. Inside the inner frame, a drawer-type storage room 4 for storing food is provided. In a state where the storage room 4 is stored in the box, the heat insulating material 2 is provided so as to approach the back surface 4b of the storage room 4. The heat insulating material 2 close to the back surface 4b of the storage compartment 4 is provided with a recess 2a. The recessed portion 2a is provided with a sealed container 6 that houses the main structure portion of the freshness determination device 20 according to this embodiment.
  • the rear plate 4c of the storage compartment 4 is provided with an opening 4a.
  • the opening 4a is for inserting a pipe protruding from the closed container 6 of the freshness determination device 20 described later, and the opening 4a has a circular shape with a diameter of about 16 mm, for example.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the storage compartment 4 and the freshness determination device 20 when the storage compartment 4 is pulled out in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the freshness determination device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the solid arrow indicates the transmission direction of the signal transmitted and received in the freshness determination device 20, and the broken arrow indicates the flow direction of the gas flowing in the freshness determination device 20.
  • 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the freshness determination device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the freshness determination device 20 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 4.
  • the freshness determination device 20 includes a sealed container 6 that houses a main component.
  • the sealed container 6 contains a detection unit 11 including a gas sensor 12, a pump 10, and a switching valve 8 having one output port OUT and two input ports IN1 and IN2.
  • the detection unit 11 is connected to the output port OUT of the switching valve 8 via piping, and the pump 10 is provided between the detection unit 11 and the switching valve 8.
  • the two input ports IN1 and IN2 of the switching valve 8 are respectively provided with pipes connected to the inside of the storage room 4 and pipes connected to the outside of the storage room 4. By switching the input port of the switching valve 8, it is possible to switch between the first state in which the detection unit 11 communicates with the inside of the storage compartment 4 and the second state in which the detection unit 11 communicates with the outside of the storage compartment 4.
  • the sealed container 6 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a surface 6 a that is opposite to the back surface 4 b of the storage compartment 4 and has a size substantially equal to the back surface 4 b of the storage compartment 4.
  • a pipe 6b having a first opening 6b1 is provided on the surface 6a of the closed container 6 so as to protrude.
  • the first opening 6b1 of the sealed container 6 is an opening of the duct 6b protruding from the surface 6a.
  • the number of ducts 6b is set to be the same as the number of openings 4a provided in the back surface 4b of the storage compartment 4, and is provided at a position corresponding to the opening 4a of the storage compartment 4.
  • the sealed container 6 is further provided with a duct 6c having a second opening 6c1 that opens to the outside of the storage compartment 4 in a protruding manner.
  • the pipe 6b having the first opening 6b1 and the pipe 6c having the second opening 6c1 are respectively formed to be inserted into the pipes connected to the two input ports IN1, IN2 of the switching valve 8, and the pipes 6b and 6c are, for example, a circle with a diameter of 10 mm Shaped shape.
  • a sealing member (not shown) for sealing and fixing the piping is provided at the end of the duct 6b opposite the first opening 6b1 and the end of the duct 6c opposite the second opening 6c1.
  • the detection unit 11 has a gas sensor 12.
  • the detection unit 11 detects the concentration of the desired gas component of the gas supplied to the gas sensor 12.
  • the gas sensor 12 for example, a gas sensor in which a gas adsorption film is attached to a crystal oscillator can be used. This gas sensor detects the components of the gas based on the change in the vibration number of the crystal oscillator due to the molecular weight of the components contained in the gas attached to the gas adsorption membrane.
  • a specific gas generated from fresh food during the deterioration of spoilage is mainly detected as the gas component to be measured.
  • the gas sensor 12 is not limited to a gas sensor using a crystal oscillator having a gas adsorption film, and all other known gas sensors can be used.
  • the detection unit 11 may further include a temperature sensor and/or a humidity sensor.
  • the control unit 14 performs temperature correction and/or humidity correction of the gas to be measured based on the detection data detected by the temperature sensor and/or humidity sensor.
  • the detection unit 11 is connected to the switching valve 8 via piping, and a pump 10 is provided between the detection unit 11 and the switching valve 8.
  • the pump 10 is used to supply gas to the detection unit 11.
  • the switching valve 8 has a first input port IN1, a second input port IN2, and an output port OUT.
  • the switching valve 8 is, for example, a solenoid valve.
  • a pipe is connected to each port, and the switching valve 8 communicates with the pump 10 through the pipe connected to the output port OUT.
  • the pipe connected to the second input port IN2 is inserted into the pipe 6c of the closed container 6 having the second opening 6c1, and is sealed and fixed by the sealing member.
  • the pipe inserted into the second opening 6c1 will be opened outside the storage compartment 4.
  • the outside of the storage compartment 4 refers to the space inside the box of the refrigerator 1.
  • the pipe connected to the first input port IN1 is inserted into the pipe 6b of the sealed container 6 having the first opening 6b1, and is fixed by the sealing member.
  • the pipes connected to the first input port IN2 branch according to the number of pipes 6b, and the branched pipes are inserted into the pipes 6b having the first openings 6b1, respectively.
  • the protruding length of the duct 6b having the first opening 6b1 from the closed container 6 (face 6a) is longer than the thickness of the rear plate 4c of the storage compartment 4.
  • the freshness determination device 20 configured as described above forms a flow path in which gas inside the storage chamber 4 flows to the detection unit 11 and a flow path in which gas outside the storage chamber 4 flows to the detection unit 11. As shown by the dotted arrows in FIG. 3, when the pump 10 is started, the gas inside the storage chamber 4 or the gas outside the storage chamber 4 flows into the detection unit 11 through the pump 10 depending on the input port connected to the switching valve 8.
  • the detection unit 11 including the gas sensor 12 is provided in the sealed container 6, and the sealed container 6 is covered with the heat insulating material 2, so the gas sensor 12 can be suppressed from surrounding the freshness determination device 20
  • the freshness determination device 20 configured as described above includes the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor in the gas sensor 12, and therefore can perform temperature correction and/or humidity correction on the gas supplied to the gas sensor 12. Thereby, the accuracy of the freshness determination of the food stored in the storage room 4 can be improved.
  • the freshness determination device 20 configured as described above has a simple structure that communicates the freshness determination device 20 with the interior of the storage compartment 4, and therefore the freshness determination device 20 can be easily installed in a prepared refrigerator.
  • the freshness determination device 20 configured as described above can switch between the first state in which the gas sensor 12 communicates with the interior of the storage compartment 4 and the second state in which the gas sensor 12 communicates with the external space of the storage compartment 4 according to the purpose.
  • the freshness determination device 20 further includes a control unit 14 including a determination unit 16.
  • the control unit 14 performs: (1) switching control, that is, switching between the first input port IN1 and the second input port IN2 for the input port of the switching valve 8; (2) operation control of the pump 10; (3) gas Calibration control of the sensor 12; and (4)
  • the determination unit 16 determines the freshness of the food based on the detection data transmitted from the detection unit 11.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of control processing for freshness determination in the freshness determination device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a time chart of the control process used for the freshness determination in the freshness determination device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the horizontal axis is the time axis t, and (a) shows the gas of the gas sensor 12.
  • the detection state (b) shows the connection state of the input port of the switching valve 8, and (c) shows the working state of the pump 10.
  • FIG. 6 the period from when the gas outside the storage chamber 4 is supplied to the gas sensor 12 until the next time the gas outside the storage chamber 4 is supplied to the gas sensor 12 is shown as a term.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 an example of control processing for freshness determination in the freshness determination device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • step S2 it is judged whether or not the judgment has started.
  • the start of determination is, for example, instructed by a start switch provided in the freshness determination device 20 or the main body of the refrigerator 1, and the user presses the start switch to obtain the instruction.
  • the determination process of step S2 is repeated. That is, it is in the standby state until the user receives an instruction to start the determination.
  • step S4 it is determined whether the input port of the switching valve 8 is connected to the second input port IN2 (step S4).
  • step S6 When it is determined in this determination that the input port of the switching valve 8 is not connected to the second input port IN2 (No), the input port of the switching valve 8 is connected to the second input port IN2 (step S6), and then the pump 10 is set It is on (on) (step S8).
  • the detection unit 11 detects the gas supplied to the gas sensor 12 from outside the storage compartment 4 (step S10 ), and transmits the detection data to the control unit 14.
  • the control unit 14 acquires a value based on the detection data, and uses the acquired value as a reference value (zero point) to calibrate the gas sensor 12. That is, the reference value is determined based on the signal of the gas sensor 12 when the gas outside the storage chamber 4 comes into contact with the detection portion of the gas sensor 12.
  • the time T1 preferably corresponds to the time after the pump 10 is started, the gas outside the storage chamber 4 is in a state of being completely in contact with the detection portion of the gas sensor 12. If the fluctuation of the gas flow is also considered, 5 to 20 seconds can be exemplified as the time T1. However, it is not limited to this, and an arbitrary value can be adopted as the time T1 according to the situation.
  • step S10 When it is determined that the time T1 has not elapsed in the determination of step S12 (No), the determination processing of step S10 and step S12 is repeated. That is, it is in a standby state until the elapsed time T1.
  • the detection section 11 detects a desired gas component among the gases supplied to the gas sensor 12 from inside the storage compartment 4 (step S16), and transmits the detection data to the determination section 16.
  • the determination unit 16 calculates the concentration of a desired gas component among the gases supplied to the gas sensor 12 from inside the storage chamber 4 based on the detection data.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of sensor output-bacterial number-related data and freshness judgment data.
  • the vertical axis of the graph represents the sensor output S, and the horizontal axis represents the number of bacteria P.
  • the vertical axis is 1.000, it is a reference value. As the value approaches 1.000, the detected gas concentration increases.
  • the unit of the horizontal axis is CFU/g. CFU is short for Colony Forming Unit.
  • the scaling of the horizontal axis is represented by logarithm.
  • the value of the sensor output varies depending on the gas sensor used, but even if the gas sensor is different, the measured value of the gas concentration is basically the same. Therefore, even if the gas sensors are different, the data related to the gas concentration and the number of bacteria will not change. Thus, if the converted data of the sensor output and the gas concentration is used for each gas sensor, the correlation data shown in FIG. 7 can be used commonly for freshness determination.
  • Sensor output-data related to the number of bacteria put the test food in a sealed container with a semiconductor gas sensor, record the concentration of a given gas component when a given period has passed, that is, the output of the gas sensor, and The bacterial count of the food corresponding to the output of the sensor is measured and recorded. Repeat this measurement to summarize the data.
  • the given gas composition is mainly ammonia.
  • the same experiment was repeated and the data were aggregated to create data related to the sensor output-bacteria count. As a result, for each of beef, pork, chicken, and fish, relevant data with high accuracy of the sensor output and the number of bacteria can be obtained.
  • FIG. 7 relevant data on the situation of pork and the situation of fish are shown. For comparison, the relevant data of pork and fish are shown on the same graph. It is clear from Fig. 7 that even if the output of the gas sensor is the same value, the number of bacteria present in pork and fish is different. Except when the sensor output S is close to 1.000, that is, when the gas concentration is very low, even if the sensor output S value is the same, the bacterial count of pork is more than the bacterial count of fish.
  • the horizontal axis of the graph of FIG. 7 shows the determination criterion regarding freshness.
  • hygienic indicator bacteria contamination indicator bacteria
  • step S18 it is determined whether the time T2 has elapsed (step S18).
  • the time T2 preferably corresponds to the time after the input port of the switching valve 8 is switched to the first input port IN1, the gas outside the storage chamber 4 comes into full contact with the detection portion of the gas sensor 12. If the fluctuation of the gas flow is also considered, 5 to 20 seconds can be exemplified as the time T2. However, it is not limited to this, and an arbitrary value can be adopted as the time T2 according to the situation.
  • step S18 When it is determined that the time T2 has not elapsed in the determination in step S18 (No), the determination processing in step S16 and step S18 is repeated. That is, it is in a standby state until the elapsed time T2. When it is determined in the judgment of step S18 that the time T2 has elapsed (Yes), the pump 10 is put into a stopped state (off) (step S20).
  • step S22 the input port of the switching valve 8 is switched to the second input port IN2 (step S22), and the control process for freshness determination is ended.
  • the control unit 14 determines the reference value based on the signal from the gas sensor 12. Thereafter, the input port of the switching valve 8 is switched from the second input port IN2 to the first input port IN1, the gas inside the storage chamber 4 is supplied to the gas sensor 12 by the pump 10, and the control unit 14 is based on the signal from the gas sensor 12 To determine the freshness of the food stored in the storage room 4.
  • the reference value of the gas sensor 12 is determined every time the freshness determination of the food stored in the storage room 4 is started. Therefore, it is possible to always perform accurate determination based on the signal of the gas sensor 12 to which the reference value suitable for measurement is set. The freshness of the food is determined.
  • the freshness determination is started based on the signal sent from the start switch by the user's operation, it is not limited to this.
  • the control unit 14 may periodically or irregularly issue a signal indicating the start of freshness determination.
  • control unit 14 is a control device dedicated to the freshness determination device 20, but it is not limited to this, and a freshness determination control can be performed using a part of the control device of the main body of the refrigerator 1.
  • determination unit 16 is included in the control unit 14 in the above-described embodiment, it may be a processing unit independent of the control unit 14.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种新鲜度判定装置以及包括新鲜度判定装置的冰箱，其不易受到贮藏室内的温度和/或湿度变动的影响。新鲜度判定装置包括：密闭容器(6)，其设置于抽屉式的贮藏室(4)的背面(4b)侧，且至少一部分被位于冰箱(1)的背面(4b)侧的隔热材料(2)形成的凹部(2a)所包围，贮藏室设置于冰箱(1)的箱内；检测部(11)，其设置于密闭容器(6)之中，且包含气体传感器(12)；以及控制部(14)，其基于气体传感器(12)得到的检测数据，来进行与食品的新鲜度相关的判定，在贮藏室(4)处于收纳位置时，与气体传感器(12)连接的配管在贮藏室(4)内开口，控制部(14)基于由气体传感器(12)得到的贮藏室(4)内的气体中所含的成分的检测值，进行与收纳于贮藏室(4)内的食品的新鲜度相关的判定。

Description

食品新鲜度判定装置以及包括食品新鲜度判定装置的冰箱 技术领域
本发明涉及对冰箱内的食品的新鲜度进行判定的装置以及包括对食品的新鲜度进行判定的装置的冰箱。
背景技术
提出了一种冰箱：为了对收容于冰箱的贮藏室的食品的新鲜度进行判定，通过贮藏室内所包括的气体传感器来探测贮藏室内的气体，并基于该气体中所含的成分来判定食品的新鲜度(例如，参照专利文献1)。
(现有技术文献)
(专利文献)
专利文献1：JP特开2013-249990号公报
然而，关于专利文献1记载的冰箱，由于气体传感器设置于贮藏室内，因此气体传感器受到贮藏室内的温度和/或湿度变动的影响，存在新鲜度判定精度下降的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种新鲜度判定装置，其不易受到贮藏室内的温度和/或湿度变动的影响。
为了达到上述目的，本发明的新鲜度判定装置包括：密闭容器，其设置于抽屉式的贮藏室的背面侧，且至少一部分被位于冰箱的背面侧的隔热材料形成的凹部所包围，所述贮藏室设置于所述冰箱的箱内；检测部，其设置于所述密闭容器之中，且包含气体传感器；以及控制部，其基于所述气体传感器得到的检测数据，来进行与食品的新鲜度相关的判定，在所述贮藏室处于收纳位置时，与所述气体传感器连接的配管在所述贮藏室内开口，所述控制部基于由所述气体传感器得到的所述贮藏室内的气体中所含的成分的检测值，进行与收纳于所述贮藏室内的食品的新鲜度相关的判定。
根据本发明，包含气体传感器的检测部设置在密闭容器内，并且该密闭容器被隔热材料覆盖，因此能抑制气体传感器因新鲜度判定装置周围的温度以及湿度变动而受到的影响。由此，气体传感器的工作环境稳定，能以高精度来判定收容于贮藏室的食品的新鲜度。
另外，本发明中，在所述贮藏室处于收纳位置时，与所述气体传感器连接的配管被插入到设置在所述贮藏室的背面的开口内。
根据本发明，使气体传感器与贮藏室内部连通的构造简单，因此即便在已制的冰箱中也能容易地设置新鲜度判定装置。
另外，本发明中，所述新鲜度判定装置包括：切换阀，其设置于所述配管；以及气体供应部，其设置于所述切换阀与所述气体传感器之间，向所述气体传感器供应气体；所述切换阀能在第一状态与第二状态之间切换，所述第一状态是所述贮藏室内部与所述气体传感器连通的状态，所述第二状态是所述贮藏室的外部空间与所述气体传感器连通的状态，所述气体供应部在所述第一状态下吸取所述贮藏室内的气体来向所述气体传感器供应，并在所述第二状态下吸取所述贮藏室外的气体来向所述气体传感器供应。
根据本发明，能根据目的来在使气体传感器与贮藏室内部连通的第一状态和使气体传感器与贮藏室的外部空间连通的第二状态之间切换。
另外，本发明中，通过所述控制部，在所述第二状态下进行所述气体传感器的校准后，切换 至所述第一状态，来进行与收纳于所述贮藏室内的食品的新鲜度相关的判定。
根据本发明，由于能在检测贮藏室内的气体成分前进行气体传感器的校准，因此能提高由检测部检测的数据的精度。
另外，本发明中，所述气体传感器包含温度传感器和/或湿度传感器。
根据本发明，能对供应至气体传感器的气体进行温度校正和/或湿度校正。由此，能提高收容于贮藏室的食品的新鲜度判定的精度。
如上构成的新鲜度判定装置能提供一种新鲜度判定装置，其不易受到贮藏室内的温度和/或湿度变动的影响。
附图说明
图1是包括本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置的冰箱的剖视图。
图2是示意性地表示在图1所示的冰箱中，针对连接有新鲜度判定装置的贮藏室被拉出时的贮藏室和新鲜度判定装置的立体图。
图3是本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置的概略的框图。
图4是表示本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置的构成的一个示例的示意图。
图5是表示用于本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置中的新鲜度判定的控制处理的一个示例的流程图。
图6是用于进行本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置中的新鲜度判定的控制处理的时序图，(a)示出气体传感器的气体探测状态，(b)示出切换阀的输入端口的连接状态，(c)示出泵的工作状态。
图7是表示用于进行与生鲜食品的新鲜度相关的判定的传感器输出及细菌数的相关关系、以及新鲜度判定的判定基准的一个示例的曲线图。
(标号说明)
1 冰箱
2 隔热材料
2a 凹部
4 贮藏室
4a 开口
4b 背面
4c 后板
6 密闭容器
6a 密闭容器的一面
6b 管道
6b1 第一开口
6c 管道
6c1 第二开口
8 切换阀
10 泵
11 检测部
12 气体传感器
14 控制部
16 判定部
20 新鲜度判定装置
IN1 第一输入端口
IN2 第二输入端口
OUT 输出端口
t、T1、T2 时间
具体实施方式
接下来，参照附图来详细说明本发明的具体的实施方式。
图1是本发明的一实施方式所涉及的冰箱的剖视图。首先，参照图1来说明本发明的一实施方式所涉及的冰箱1的概要。
关于本实施方式所涉及的冰箱1，在内框与外框之间的上面侧、下面侧、背面侧以及两侧面侧设置有隔热材料2。在内框的内部，设置有收容食品的抽屉式的贮藏室4。在贮藏室4收纳于箱内的状态下，以接近贮藏室4的背面4b的方式设置有隔热材料2。在与贮藏室4的背面4b相接近的隔热材料2，设置有凹部2a。在凹部2a，设置有对本实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20的主构造部进行收容的密闭容器6。
在贮藏室4的后板4c设置有开口4a。开口4a用于供后述的从新鲜度判定装置20的密闭容器6突出的配管插入，开口4a例如呈直径为约16mm的圆形形状。
图2是示意性地表示在本实施方式中将贮藏室4拉出时的贮藏室4和新鲜度判定装置20的立体图。图3是本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20的概略的框图。在图3中，实线箭头表示在新鲜度判定装置20内收发的信号的传递方向，虚线箭头表示在新鲜度判定装置20内流动的气体的流动方向。图4是表示本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20的构成的一个示例的示意图。以下，参照图2、图3以及图4来说明本实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20。
本发明所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20具有收容主构成部的密闭容器6。在密闭容器6内收容有：包含气体传感器12的检测部11、泵10、以及具有1个输出端口OUT及2个输入端口IN1、IN2的切换阀8。检测部11经由配管与切换阀8的输出端口OUT连接，泵10设置于检测部11与切换阀8之间。在切换阀8的2个输入端口IN1、IN2，分别设置有与贮藏室4内部相连接的配管、以及与贮藏室4外部相连接的配管。通过切换阀8的输入端口的切换，能在检测部11与贮藏室4内部连通的第一状态、以及检测部11与贮藏室4外部连通的第二状态之间进行切换。
(密闭容器)
如图2所示，密闭容器6例如呈具有一个面6a的长方体形状，该面6a与贮藏室4的背面4b相对设置，且具有与贮藏室4的背面4b大致相等的大小。在密闭容器6的该面6a，以突出的方式设置有具有第一开口6b1的管道6b。密闭容器6的第一开口6b1是从该面6a突出的管道6b的开口。管道6b被设定为数量与设置于上述贮藏室4的背面4b的开口4a的数量相同，且设置于与贮藏室4的开口4a对应的位置。在密闭容器6，进而，以突出的方式设置有具有向贮藏室4外部开口的第二开口6c1的管道6c。具有第一开口6b1的管道6b以及具有第二开口6c1的管道6c分别形成为插入至与切换阀8的2个输入端口IN1、IN2连接的配管内，管道6b和管道6c例如呈直径10mm的圆形形状。在管道6b的与第一开口6b1为相反侧的端部以及管道6c的与第二开口6c1为相反侧的端部，设置有用于对配管进行密封且固定的密封构件(未图示)。
接下来，针对设置于密闭容器6内的检测部11、泵10、切换阀8的构成进行说明。
(检测部)
检测部11具有气体传感器12。检测部11对供应至气体传感器12的气体的期望的气体成分的浓度进行检测。在本实施方式中，作为气体传感器12，例如能使用在水晶振荡器安装有气体吸附膜而成的气体传感器。该气体传感器基于附着于气体吸附膜的气体中所含成分的分子重量所致的水晶振荡器的振动数的变化，来检测气体的成分。在本实施方式中，在检测部11与贮藏室 4内部连通的第一状态下，主要探测在腐败的加剧过程中从生鲜食品产生的特有的气体，来作为进行测定的气体成分。但气体传感器12不限于利用了具有气体吸附膜的水晶振荡器的气体传感器，还能使用其他的已知的所有气体传感器。
检测部11还可以具有温度传感器和/或湿度传感器。在此情况下，控制部14基于由温度传感器和/或湿度传感器检测出的检测数据来进行要测定的气体的温度校正和/或湿度校正。
(泵)
检测部11经由配管与切换阀8连接，在检测部11与切换阀8之间设置有泵10。泵10用于向检测部11供应气体。
(切换阀)
切换阀8具有第一输入端口IN1、第二输入端口IN2以及输出端口OUT。切换阀8例如是螺线管式阀。在各端口连接有配管，通过与输出端口OUT连接的配管，切换阀8与泵10连通。与第二输入端口IN2连接的配管被插入至密闭容器6的具有第二开口6c1的管道6c内，并被密封构件密封固定。由此，插入至第二开口6c1内的配管将在贮藏室4外部开口。在本实施方式中，贮藏室4的外部是指冰箱1的箱内的空间。
与第一输入端口IN1连接的配管被插入至密闭容器6的具有第一开口6b1的管道6b内，且被密封构件固定。在设置有多个管道6b的情况下，与第一输入端口IN2连接的配管对应于管道6b的数量进行分支，分支的配管分别被插入至具有第一开口6b1的管道6b内。具有第一开口6b1的管道6b从密闭容器6(面6a)起的突出长度比贮藏室4的后板4c的厚度更长。由此，在贮藏室4处于收纳位置时，管道6b被插入至在贮藏室4的后板4c处设置的开口4a内，在贮藏室4内开口。由此，与第一输入端口IN1连接的配管在贮藏室4内开口。
通过如上构成的新鲜度判定装置20，形成有贮藏室4内部的气体向检测部11流动的流路以及贮藏室4外部的气体向检测部11流动的流路。如图3的虚线箭头所示，若使泵10启动，则依靠连接着切换阀8的输入端口，贮藏室4内部的气体或贮藏室4外部的气体经泵10而流入检测部11。
关于如上构成的新鲜度判定装置20，包含气体传感器12的检测部11设置于密闭容器6内，并且密闭容器6由隔热材料2进行覆盖，因此能抑制气体传感器12因新鲜度判定装置20周围的温度以及湿度的变动所致的影响。因此，气体传感器12的工作环境稳定，能以高精度来判定收容于贮藏室4的食品的新鲜度。
另外，如上构成的新鲜度判定装置20在气体传感器12中包括温度传感器以及湿度传感器，因此能对供应至气体传感器12的气体进行温度校正和/或湿度校正。由此，能提升收容至贮藏室4的食品的新鲜度判定的精度。
另外，如上构成的新鲜度判定装置20中，使新鲜度判定装置20与贮藏室4内部进行连通的构造简单，因此能将新鲜度判定装置20容易地设置于已制的冰箱。
另外，如上构成的新鲜度判定装置20能根据目的而在气体传感器12与贮藏室4内部进行连通的第一状态和气体传感器12与贮藏室4的外部空间进行连通的第二状态之间切换。
(控制部)
本实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20还具有包含判定部16的控制部14。控制部14执行：(1)切换控制，即，针对切换阀8的输入端口，在第一输入端口IN1与第二输入端口IN2之间切换；(2)泵10的工作控制；(3)气体传感器12的校准控制；以及(4)通过判定部16，基于从检测部11传递的检测数据，进行与食品的新鲜度相关的判定。
图5示出表示用于本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20中的新鲜度判定的控制处理的一个示例的流程图。图6示出用于本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20中的新鲜度判定的控制处理的时序图，以横轴为时间轴t，(a)示出气体传感器12的气体探测状态，(b)示出切换阀8的输入端口的连接状态，(c)示出泵10的工作状态。在图6中，将从向气体 传感器12供应贮藏室4外部的气体起至下一次向气体传感器12供应贮藏室4外部的气体为止的期间示为1期(term)。以下，参照图5、图6来说明用于本发明的一实施方式所涉及的新鲜度判定装置20中的新鲜度判定的控制处理的一个示例。
在图5的流程图中，首先，判断是否判定已开始(步骤S2)。判定开始例如通过如下方式得到指示，即，在新鲜度判定装置20或冰箱1主体设置有启动开关，由使用者按下启动开关从而得到指示。在该判断中判别为并非判定开始(否)时，重复步骤S2的判断处理。也就是，直至从使用者得到判定开始的指示为止均成为待机状态。在步骤S2的判断中判别为判定开始(是)时，接下来，判断切换阀8的输入端口是否已与第二输入端口IN2连接(步骤S4)。
在该判断中判别为切换阀8的输入端口未与第二输入端口IN2连接(否)时，将切换阀8的输入端口与第二输入端口IN2连接(步骤S6)，接下来将泵10设为工作状态(on)(步骤S8)。在步骤S4的判断中判别为切换阀8的输入端口已与第二输入端口IN2连接(是)时，接下来将泵10设为工作状态(on)(步骤S8)。该状态相当于图6中的各期的t＝0的状态。
接下来，检测部11检测从贮藏室4外部供应至气体传感器12的气体(步骤S10)，并将该检测数据传送给控制部14。控制部14取得基于检测数据的值，并以取得的值作为基准值(零点)来进行气体传感器12的校准。也就是，基于贮藏室4外部的气体与气体传感器12的探测部接触时的气体传感器12的信号来决定基准值。
接下来，判断是否已经过时间T1(步骤S12)。在此，时间T1优选对应于如下时间，即，在泵10起动后，贮藏室4外部的气体成为完全与气体传感器12的探测部接触的状态。若还考虑气体的流动的波动，则能例示5～20秒作为时间T1。但不限于此，能根据状况而采用任意的值作为时间T1。
在步骤S12的判断中判别为未经过时间T1(否)时，重复步骤S10以及步骤S12的判断处理。也就是，至经过时间T1为止为待机状态。在步骤S12的判断中判别为已经过时间T1(是)时，将切换阀8的输入端口切换为第一输入端口IN1(步骤S14)。该状态相当于图6的各期中的t＝T1。
接下来，检测部11在从贮藏室4内部供应至气体传感器12的气体当中检测期望的气体的成分(步骤S16)，并将该检测数据传送给判定部16。判定部16基于检测数据，计算从贮藏室4内部供应至气体传感器12的气体当中的期望的气体成分的浓度。
＜传感器输出-细菌数的相关数据以及新鲜度判定的判定基准的说明＞
图7是表示传感器输出-细菌数的相关数据以及新鲜度判定的判定数据的一个示例的曲线图。曲线图的纵轴表示传感器输出S，横轴表示细菌数P。纵轴在为1.000的情况下是基准值，随着值从1.000朝0接近，检测气体浓度呈现出增加。横轴的单位是CFU/g。CFU是Colony Forming Unit(菌落形成单位)的简称。横轴的缩放由对数表示。
传感器输出的值因使用的气体传感器而不同，但即使气体传感器不同，气体浓度的测定值也基本相同。由此，即使气体传感器不同，气体浓度以及细菌数的相关数据也不变。由此，若在各个气体传感器中使用传感器输出以及气体浓度的换算数据，则能将图7所示的相关数据通用地用于新鲜度判定。
传感器输出-细菌数的相关数据，在设置有半导体气体传感器的密封容器内放入试验用的食品，记录在经过给定期间时的给定气体成分的浓度，也就是气体传感器的输出，并将与该传感器输出对应的食品的细菌数进行计测并记录。重复该计测，汇总数据。在此，给定的气体成分主要是氨气。针对牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉以及鱼，分别重复同样的试验并汇总数据，创建了传感器输出-细菌数的相关数据。由此，针对牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉以及鱼的每一种，能得到传感器输出以及细菌数的精度高的相关数据。
在图7中示出了关于猪肉的情况与关于鱼的情况的相关数据。为了比较，将猪肉以及鱼的相关数据在相同的曲线图上示出。从图7可以明确，即使气体传感器的输出为相同值，在猪肉与鱼 中存在的细菌数也不同。除了传感器输出S接近1.000的情况，也就是气体浓度非常低的情况，即使传感器输出S值相同，猪肉的细菌数也多于鱼的细菌数。
图7的曲线图的横轴示出了与新鲜度有关的判定基准。
在此，根据食品中夹杂的细菌(中温好气性细菌)的菌数的多少来判断食品的微生物污染状况(卫生状态)的代表性的卫生指标菌(污染指标菌)如下表所示。
(表征判定的基准的表)
Figure PCTCN2019123350-appb-000001
若基于该判定基准，则在细菌数成为1×107CFU/g以上时，初期腐败开始，在成为1×108CFU/g以上时，可认为腐败开始。由此，若设为N1＝1×107CFU/g、N2＝1×108CFU/g，则在细菌数小于N1的情况下判定为“可食”，在细菌数为N1以上且小于N2的情况下判定为“要加热”，在细菌数为N2以上的情况下判定为“不可食”。在此，“可食”是指无问题地能够使用食品。“要加热”是指，为了安全，需要将食品加热后再食用。“不可食”是指，即使加热，也禁止食用食品。
回到图5的流程图的说明，在步骤S16之后，判断是否已经过时间T2(步骤S18)。在此，时间T2优选对应于如下时间，即，在切换阀8的输入端口被切换为第一输入端口IN1后，贮藏室4外部的气体成为完全与气体传感器12的探测部接触的状态。若还考虑气体的流动的波动，则还能例示5～20秒作为时间T2。但不限于此，能根据状况来采用任意的值作为时间T2。
在步骤S18的判断中判别为未经过时间T2(否)时，重复步骤S16以及步骤S18的判断处理。也就是，至经过时间T2为止为待机状态。在步骤S18的判断中判别为已经过时间T2(是)时，使泵10成为停止状态(off)(步骤S20)。
接下来，将切换阀8的输入端口切换为第二输入端口IN2(步骤S22)，并结束用于新鲜度判定的控制处理。该状态相当于图6的各期的t＝T2。
如上构成的新鲜度判定装置20中，若按下启动开关，则通过泵10将贮藏室4外部的气体供应至气体传感器12，控制部14基于来自气体传感器12的信号来决定基准值。其后，切换阀8的输入端口从第二输入端口IN2被切换至第一输入端口IN1，通过泵10将贮藏室4内部的气体供应至气体传感器12，控制部14基于来自气体传感器12的信号，能判定收容于贮藏室4的食品的新鲜度。
由此，每当开始对收容于贮藏室4的食品进行新鲜度判定时，决定气体传感器12的基准值，因此能始终基于被设定了适合测定的基准值的气体传感器12的信号来进行准确的食品的新鲜度判定。
(其他)
虽然在上述实施方式中，基于通过使用者的操作而从启动开关发出的信号，开始新鲜度判定，但不限于此。例如还可以由控制部14定期或不定期地发出表示新鲜度判定开始的信号。
另外，虽然在上述实施方式中，控制部14成为新鲜度判定装置20专用的控制装置，但不限于此，还能使用冰箱1主体的控制装置的一部分来进行新鲜度判定的控制。另外，虽然在上述实施方式中，判定部16包含于控制部14，但也可以是相对于控制部14独立的处理部。
虽然在本说明书中说明了本发明的实施方式、实施形态，但公开内容可以在构成的细节上变化，且实施方式、实施形态中的要素的组合或顺序的变化等能不脱离所请求的本发明的范围以及思想而得以实现。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，包括：
    密闭容器，其设置于抽屉式的贮藏室的背面侧，且至少一部分被位于冰箱的背面侧的隔热材料形成的凹部所包围，所述贮藏室设置于所述冰箱的箱内；
    检测部，其设置于所述密闭容器之中，且包含气体传感器；以及
    控制部，其基于所述气体传感器得到的检测数据，来进行与食品的新鲜度相关的判定，
    在所述贮藏室处于收纳位置时，与所述气体传感器连接的配管在所述贮藏室内开口，
    所述控制部基于由所述气体传感器得到的所述贮藏室内的气体中所含的成分的检测值，进行与收纳于所述贮藏室内的食品的新鲜度相关的判定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，
    在所述贮藏室处于收纳位置时，与所述气体传感器连接的配管被插入到设置在所述贮藏室的背面的开口内。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，
    所述新鲜度判定装置包括：
    切换阀，其设置于所述配管；以及
    气体供应部，其设置于所述切换阀与所述气体传感器之间，向所述气体传感器供应气体；
    所述切换阀能在第一状态与第二状态之间切换，所述第一状态是所述贮藏室内部与所述气体传感器连通的状态，所述第二状态是所述贮藏室的外部空间与所述气体传感器连通的状态，
    所述气体供应部在所述第一状态下吸取所述贮藏室内的气体来向所述气体传感器供应，并在所述第二状态下吸取所述贮藏室外的气体来向所述气体传感器供应。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，
    通过所述控制部，在所述第二状态下进行所述气体传感器的校准后，切换至所述第一状态，来进行与收纳于所述贮藏室内的食品的新鲜度相关的判定。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，
    在所述密闭容器内还收容有：泵及具有1个输出端口OUT及2个输入端口IN1、IN2的切换阀，检测部经由配管与切换阀的输出端口OUT连接，泵设置于检测部与切换阀之间，在切换阀的2个输入端口IN1、IN2，分别设置有与贮藏室内部相连接的配管、以及与贮藏室外部相连接的配管。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，
    在所述贮藏室的后板设置有开口，所述密闭容器呈具有一个面的长方体形状，所述面与所述贮藏室的背面相对设置，且具有与所述贮藏室的背面相等的大小，在密闭容器的所述面，以突出的方式设置有具有第一开口的管道，密闭容器的第一开口是从所述面突出的管道的开口，管道被设定为数量与设置于所述贮藏室的背面的开口的数量相同，且设置于与所述贮藏室的开口对应的位置，在所述密闭容器，以突出的方式设置有具有向所述贮藏室外部开口的第二开口的管道，具 有第一开口的管道以及具有第二开口的管道分别形成为插入至与切换阀的2个输入端口IN1、IN2连接的配管内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，在管道的与第一开口为相反侧的端部以及管道的与第二开口为相反侧的端部，设置有用于对配管进行密封且固定的密封构件。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，具有第一开口的管道从所述密闭容器起的突出长度比所述贮藏室的后板的厚度更长。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的新鲜度判定装置，其特征在于，
    所述气体传感器包含湿度传感器和/或温度传感器。
  10. 一种冰箱，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1所述的新鲜度判定装置。
PCT/CN2019/123350 2018-12-14 2019-12-05 食品新鲜度判定装置以及包括食品新鲜度判定装置的冰箱 Ceased WO2020119574A1 (zh)

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