WO2020118792A1 - Automatic gearbox of new-energy electric vehicle - Google Patents

Automatic gearbox of new-energy electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020118792A1
WO2020118792A1 PCT/CN2018/124860 CN2018124860W WO2020118792A1 WO 2020118792 A1 WO2020118792 A1 WO 2020118792A1 CN 2018124860 W CN2018124860 W CN 2018124860W WO 2020118792 A1 WO2020118792 A1 WO 2020118792A1
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Prior art keywords
reverse
gear
input gear
output gear
driven input
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PCT/CN2018/124860
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
滕义松
谢秀斌
范祥新
李沙
张莉娟
滕无敌
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徐州南普机电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020118792A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020118792A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles

Definitions

  • a motor output gear is installed on the motor output shaft
  • a sprocket is installed on the sprocket shaft
  • the reverse intermediate shaft is equipped with a reverse driven input gear, a low speed active output gear and a reverse active output gear from bottom to top;
  • the reverse intermediate shaft is equipped with an active reverse output gear and a driven reverse input gear from bottom to top;
  • the high-speed driven input gear of the intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear, the active output gear meshes with the driven input gear on the output shaft, and the active output gear meshes with the sprocket;
  • the reverse driven input gear of the reverse intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear, and the low speed active output gear meshes with the low speed driven input gear of the intermediate shaft;
  • the reverse driven input gear of the reverse intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear
  • the reverse driving output gear meshes with the driven reverse input gear on the reverse intermediate shaft
  • the active reverse output gear meshes with the reverse driven input gear on the intermediate shaft Engagement
  • the active output gear meshes with the driven input gear on the output shaft
  • the active output gear meshes with the sprocket
  • the motor output gear drives the high-speed driven input gear on the intermediate shaft to rotate, thereby controlling the sprocket to rotate at high speed;
  • the clutch is connected to the low-speed driven input gear, and the motor output gear drives the reverse driven
  • the input gear rotates, and the low-speed driven input gear is driven to rotate by the low-speed active output gear, thereby controlling the low-speed rotation of the sprocket;
  • the clutch is connected to the reverse driven input gear, and the reverse active output gear drives the driven reverse
  • the input gear rotates, and the active reverse output gear further drives the reverse driven input gear to rotate, thereby controlling the reverse rotation of the sprocket.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: reducing shock during shifting, detecting the motor speed or vehicle speed during operation, and changing the running direction of the motor by the controller to achieve automatic gear shifting, while having a coasting function (making the vehicle run more energy-efficient);
  • the inherent structural reason has a mechanical anti-slip function; improve the reliability of the system and make the user's operation easier.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an automatic transmission for a new energy electric vehicle under a high-speed state.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an automatic transmission for a new energy electric vehicle under a low-speed state.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an automatic transmission of a new energy electric vehicle in a reverse state.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 4.
  • the output shaft 5 is equipped with driven input gear 5-2 and driving output Gear 5-1;
  • the sprocket shaft 6 is mounted with a sprocket 6-1;
  • the reverse intermediate shaft 2 is equipped with a reverse driven input gear 2-1, a low-speed active output gear 2-2 and a reverse drive from bottom to top Output gear 2-3;
  • the reversing intermediate shaft 4 is equipped with an active reversing output gear 4-1 and a driven reversing input gear 4-2 from bottom to top.
  • the high-speed driven input gear 3-1 of the intermediate shaft 3 meshes with the motor output gear 1-1
  • the driven output gear 3-4 and the driven input on the output shaft 5 Gear 5-2 meshes
  • the active output gear 5-1 meshes with the sprocket 6-1.
  • the reverse driven input gear 2-1 of the reverse intermediate shaft 2 meshes with the motor output gear 1-1, and the reverse active output gear 2-3 and the reverse intermediate shaft 4
  • the driven reverse input gear 4-2 meshes
  • the active reverse output gear 4-1 meshes with the reverse driven input gear 3-3 on the intermediate shaft 3, and the clutch 3-5 is connected to the reverse driven input gear 3-3 at this time;
  • the driving output gear 3-4 meshes with the driven input gear 5-2 on the output shaft 5, and the driving output gear 5-1 meshes with the sprocket 6-1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

An automatic gearbox of a new-energy electric vehicle. When a motor rotates forwardly, a motor output gear (1-1) drives a high-speed driven input gear (3-1) on a middle shaft (3) to rotate so as to control a sprocket (6-1) to rotate at high speed; when the motor rotates reversely, a clutch (3-5) is connected to a low-speed driven input gear (3-2), the motor output gear drives a reverse driven input gear (2-1) to rotate, and a low-speed driving output gear (2-2) drives the low-speed driven input gear (3-2) to rotate so as to control the sprocket (6-1) to rotate at low speed; during vehicle back up, the motor rotates reversely, the clutch (3-5) is connected to a back up driven input gear (3-3), a back up driving output gear (2-3) drives a driven back up input gear (4-2) to rotate, and a drive back up output gear (4-1) further drives the back up driven input gear (3-3) to rotate so as to control the sprocket (6-1) to rotate reversely.

Description

新能源电动车自动变速箱New energy electric vehicle automatic transmission 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及电动车领域，具体公开了一种新能源电动车自动变速箱。The invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, and specifically discloses a new energy automatic transmission for electric vehicles.
背景技术Background technique
目前电动车市场大多采用手动、电阀磁、步进电机等，它们都有不能消除的换档冲击问题，在换档的一瞬间就有可能把齿轮或是箱体打坏；坡道助车是利用电磁阻力来防后溜，在坡道不能长时间助车，并且非常的耗电。At present, most of the electric vehicle market uses manual, electric valve magnetic, stepper motors, etc., which have the problem of shifting shock that cannot be eliminated. It is possible to damage the gear or the box in the moment of shifting; It is to use electromagnetic resistance to prevent backslip, can not help the car for a long time on the slope, and consumes a lot of power.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种新能源电动车自动变速箱，用于新能源电动三轮车和四轮车。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a new energy electric vehicle automatic transmission, which is used for new energy electric tricycles and four-wheel vehicles.
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种新能源电动车自动变速箱，包括箱体，以及相互平行且通过轴承安装于箱体内的电动机输出轴、反向中间轴、中间轴、倒车中间轴和输出轴以及安装于箱体外部的链轮轴；The technical scheme adopted by the invention is: a new energy electric vehicle automatic gearbox, including a box body, and a motor output shaft, a reverse intermediate shaft, an intermediate shaft, a reversing intermediate shaft and an output that are parallel to each other and are installed in the box body through bearings Shaft and sprocket shaft installed outside the box;
所述电机输出轴上安装有电机输出齿轮；A motor output gear is installed on the motor output shaft;
所述中间轴从下到上依次安装高速从动输入齿轮、低速从动输入齿轮、离合器、倒车从动输入齿轮和主动输出齿轮；The intermediate shaft is installed with a high-speed driven input gear, a low-speed driven input gear, a clutch, a reverse driven input gear, and an active output gear from bottom to top;
所述输出轴上安装有从动输入齿轮和主动输出齿轮；A driven input gear and a driven output gear are installed on the output shaft;
所述链轮轴上安装链轮；A sprocket is installed on the sprocket shaft;
所述反向中间轴由下至上安装有反向从动输入齿轮，低速主动输出齿轮和倒车主动输出齿轮；The reverse intermediate shaft is equipped with a reverse driven input gear, a low speed active output gear and a reverse active output gear from bottom to top;
所述倒车中间轴由下至上安装有主动倒车输出齿轮和从动倒车输入齿轮；The reverse intermediate shaft is equipped with an active reverse output gear and a driven reverse input gear from bottom to top;
所述中间轴的高速从动输入齿轮与电机输出齿轮啮合，主动输出齿轮与输出轴上的从动输入齿轮啮合，主动输出齿轮与链轮啮合；The high-speed driven input gear of the intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear, the active output gear meshes with the driven input gear on the output shaft, and the active output gear meshes with the sprocket;
所述反向中间轴的反向从动输入齿轮与电机输出齿轮啮合，低速主动输出齿轮和中间轴的低速从动输入齿轮啮合；The reverse driven input gear of the reverse intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear, and the low speed active output gear meshes with the low speed driven input gear of the intermediate shaft;
所述反向中间轴的反向从动输入齿轮与电机输出齿轮啮合，倒车主动输出齿轮与倒车中间轴上的从动倒车输入齿轮啮合，主动倒车输出齿轮与中间轴上 的倒车从动输入齿轮啮合，主动输出齿轮与输出轴上的从动输入齿轮啮合，主动输出齿轮与链轮啮合；The reverse driven input gear of the reverse intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear, the reverse driving output gear meshes with the driven reverse input gear on the reverse intermediate shaft, and the active reverse output gear meshes with the reverse driven input gear on the intermediate shaft Engagement, the active output gear meshes with the driven input gear on the output shaft, and the active output gear meshes with the sprocket;
电机正转时，电机输出齿轮带动中间轴上的高速从动输入齿轮转动，从而控制链轮高速旋转；当电机反转时，离合器与低速从动输入齿轮连接，电机输出齿轮带动反向从动输入齿轮转动，并通过低速主动输出齿轮带动低速从动输入齿轮转动，从而控制链轮低速旋转；当倒车时，电机反转，离合器与倒车从动输入齿轮连接，倒车主动输出齿轮带动从动倒车输入齿轮转动，主动倒车输出齿轮进一步带动倒车从动输入齿轮转动，从而控制链轮反转。When the motor rotates forward, the motor output gear drives the high-speed driven input gear on the intermediate shaft to rotate, thereby controlling the sprocket to rotate at high speed; when the motor reverses, the clutch is connected to the low-speed driven input gear, and the motor output gear drives the reverse driven The input gear rotates, and the low-speed driven input gear is driven to rotate by the low-speed active output gear, thereby controlling the low-speed rotation of the sprocket; when reversing, the motor reverses, the clutch is connected to the reverse driven input gear, and the reverse active output gear drives the driven reverse The input gear rotates, and the active reverse output gear further drives the reverse driven input gear to rotate, thereby controlling the reverse rotation of the sprocket.
本发明的有益效果是：换档时减小冲击，在运行过程中检测电机转速或车速由控制器改变电机的运转方向来实现自动变档，同时具有滑行功能(使车辆运行更加节能)；由于天生结构原因具有机械防后溜功能；提高系统的可靠性，让用户操作更简单。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: reducing shock during shifting, detecting the motor speed or vehicle speed during operation, and changing the running direction of the motor by the controller to achieve automatic gear shifting, while having a coasting function (making the vehicle run more energy-efficient); The inherent structural reason has a mechanical anti-slip function; improve the reliability of the system and make the user's operation easier.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1为高速状态下新能源电动车自动变速箱的实施例结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an automatic transmission for a new energy electric vehicle under a high-speed state.
图2为低速状态下新能源电动车自动变速箱的实施例结构示意图。2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an automatic transmission for a new energy electric vehicle under a low-speed state.
图3为图2的平面示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 2.
图4为倒车状态下新能源电动车自动变速箱的实施例结构示意图。4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an automatic transmission of a new energy electric vehicle in a reverse state.
图5为图4的平面示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 4.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1～5所示，一种新能源电动车自动变速箱，包括箱体，以及相互平行且通过轴承安装于箱体内的电动机输出轴1、反向中间轴2、中间轴3、倒车中间轴4和输出轴5以及安装于箱体外部的链轮轴6；所述电机输出轴上安装有电机输出齿轮1-1；所述中间轴3从下到上依次安装高速从动输入齿轮3-1、低速从动输入齿轮3-2、离合器3-5、倒车从动输入齿轮3-3和主动输出齿轮3-4；所述输出轴5上安装有从动输入齿轮5-2和主动输出齿轮5-1；所述链轮轴6上安装链轮6-1；所述反向中间轴2由下至上安装有反向从动输入齿轮2-1，低速主动输出齿轮2-2和倒车主动输出齿轮2-3；所述倒车中间轴4由下至上安装有 主动倒车输出齿轮4-1和从动倒车输入齿轮4-2。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a new energy electric vehicle automatic transmission includes a box body, and a motor output shaft 1, a counter intermediate shaft 2, an intermediate shaft 3, and a reversing intermediate shaft that are parallel to each other and are installed in the box body through bearings A shaft 4 and an output shaft 5 and a sprocket shaft 6 installed outside the box; a motor output gear 1-1 is installed on the motor output shaft; a high-speed driven input gear 3- is sequentially installed on the intermediate shaft 3 from bottom to top 1. Low-speed driven input gear 3-2, clutch 3-5, reverse driven input gear 3-3 and driving output gear 3-4; the output shaft 5 is equipped with driven input gear 5-2 and driving output Gear 5-1; the sprocket shaft 6 is mounted with a sprocket 6-1; the reverse intermediate shaft 2 is equipped with a reverse driven input gear 2-1, a low-speed active output gear 2-2 and a reverse drive from bottom to top Output gear 2-3; the reversing intermediate shaft 4 is equipped with an active reversing output gear 4-1 and a driven reversing input gear 4-2 from bottom to top.
如图1所示，电机正转状态下，所述中间轴3的高速从动输入齿轮3-1与电机输出齿轮1-1啮合，主动输出齿轮3-4与输出轴5上的从动输入齿轮5-2啮合，主动输出齿轮5-1与链轮6-1啮合。As shown in FIG. 1, in the forward rotation state of the motor, the high-speed driven input gear 3-1 of the intermediate shaft 3 meshes with the motor output gear 1-1, and the driven output gear 3-4 and the driven input on the output shaft 5 Gear 5-2 meshes, and the active output gear 5-1 meshes with the sprocket 6-1.
如图2～3所示，电机反转状态下，所述反向中间轴2的反向从动输入齿轮2-1与电机输出齿轮1-1啮合，低速主动输出齿轮2-2和中间轴3的低速从动输入齿轮3-2啮合，此时离合器3-5与低速从动输入齿轮3-2连接，主动输出齿轮3-4与输出轴5上的从动输入齿轮5-2啮合，主动输出齿轮5-1与链轮6-1啮合。As shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, in the motor reversed state, the reverse driven input gear 2-1 of the reverse intermediate shaft 2 meshes with the motor output gear 1-1, and the low speed active output gear 2-2 and the intermediate shaft 3's low-speed driven input gear 3-2 meshes, at this time the clutch 3-5 is connected to the low-speed driven input gear 3-2, and the active output gear 3-4 meshes with the driven input gear 5-2 on the output shaft 5, The active output gear 5-1 meshes with the sprocket 6-1.
如图4～5所示，倒车状态下；反向中间轴2的反向从动输入齿轮2-1与电机输出齿轮1-1啮合，倒车主动输出齿轮2-3与倒车中间轴4上的从动倒车输入齿轮4-2啮合，主动倒车输出齿轮4-1与中间轴3上的倒车从动输入齿轮3-3啮合，此时离合器3-5与倒车从动输入齿轮3-3连接；主动输出齿轮3-4与输出轴5上的从动输入齿轮5-2啮合，主动输出齿轮5-1与链轮6-1啮合。As shown in Figs. 4-5, in the reverse state; the reverse driven input gear 2-1 of the reverse intermediate shaft 2 meshes with the motor output gear 1-1, and the reverse active output gear 2-3 and the reverse intermediate shaft 4 The driven reverse input gear 4-2 meshes, the active reverse output gear 4-1 meshes with the reverse driven input gear 3-3 on the intermediate shaft 3, and the clutch 3-5 is connected to the reverse driven input gear 3-3 at this time; The driving output gear 3-4 meshes with the driven input gear 5-2 on the output shaft 5, and the driving output gear 5-1 meshes with the sprocket 6-1.

Claims (2)

  1. 一种新能源电动车自动变速箱，其特征在于，包括箱体，以及相互平行且通过轴承安装于箱体内的电动机输出轴、反向中间轴、中间轴、倒车中间轴和输出轴以及安装于箱体外部的链轮轴；A new energy electric vehicle automatic gearbox is characterized by including a box body, and a motor output shaft, a reverse intermediate shaft, an intermediate shaft, a reversing intermediate shaft and an output shaft that are parallel to each other and are installed in the box body through bearings, and are installed in Sprocket shaft outside the box;
    所述电机输出轴上安装有电机输出齿轮；A motor output gear is installed on the motor output shaft;
    所述中间轴从下到上依次安装高速从动输入齿轮、低速从动输入齿轮、离合器、倒车从动输入齿轮和主动输出齿轮；The intermediate shaft is installed with a high-speed driven input gear, a low-speed driven input gear, a clutch, a reverse driven input gear, and an active output gear from bottom to top;
    所述输出轴上安装有从动输入齿轮和主动输出齿轮；A driven input gear and a driven output gear are installed on the output shaft;
    所述链轮轴上安装链轮；A sprocket is installed on the sprocket shaft;
    所述反向中间轴由下至上安装有反向从动输入齿轮，低速主动输出齿轮和倒车主动输出齿轮；The reverse intermediate shaft is equipped with a reverse driven input gear, a low speed active output gear and a reverse active output gear from bottom to top;
    所述倒车中间轴由下至上安装有主动倒车输出齿轮和从动倒车输入齿轮；The reverse intermediate shaft is equipped with an active reverse output gear and a driven reverse input gear from bottom to top;
    所述中间轴的高速从动输入齿轮与电机输出齿轮啮合，主动输出齿轮与输出轴上的从动输入齿轮啮合，主动输出齿轮与链轮啮合；The high-speed driven input gear of the intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear, the active output gear meshes with the driven input gear on the output shaft, and the active output gear meshes with the sprocket;
    所述反向中间轴的反向从动输入齿轮与电机输出齿轮啮合，低速主动输出齿轮和中间轴的低速从动输入齿轮啮合；The reverse driven input gear of the reverse intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear, and the low speed active output gear meshes with the low speed driven input gear of the intermediate shaft;
    所述反向中间轴的反向从动输入齿轮与电机输出齿轮啮合，倒车主动输出齿轮与倒车中间轴上的从动倒车输入齿轮啮合，主动倒车输出齿轮与中间轴上的倒车从动输入齿轮啮合，主动输出齿轮与输出轴上的从动输入齿轮啮合，主动输出齿轮与链轮啮合。The reverse driven input gear of the reverse intermediate shaft meshes with the motor output gear, the reverse driving output gear meshes with the driven reverse input gear on the reverse intermediate shaft, and the active reverse output gear meshes with the reverse driven input gear on the intermediate shaft To mesh, the active output gear meshes with the driven input gear on the output shaft, and the active output gear meshes with the sprocket.
  2. 一种新能源电动车自动变速箱的工作方法，其特征在于，电机正转时，电机输出齿轮带动中间轴上的高速从动输入齿轮转动，从而控制链轮高速旋转；当电机反转时，离合器与低速从动输入齿轮连接，电机输出齿轮带动反向从动输入齿轮转动，并通过低速主动输出齿轮带动低速从动输入齿轮转动，从而控制链轮低速旋转；当倒车时，电机反转，离合器与倒车从动输入齿轮连接，倒车主动输出齿轮带动从动倒车输入齿轮转动，主动倒车输出齿轮进一步带动倒车从动输入齿轮转动，从而控制链轮反转。A new energy electric vehicle automatic gearbox working method is characterized in that when the motor rotates forward, the motor output gear drives the high-speed driven input gear on the intermediate shaft to rotate, thereby controlling the sprocket to rotate at high speed; when the motor reverses, The clutch is connected to the low-speed driven input gear, the motor output gear drives the reverse driven input gear to rotate, and the low-speed driven output gear drives the low-speed driven input gear to rotate, thereby controlling the low-speed rotation of the sprocket; when reversing, the motor reverses, The clutch is connected to the reversing driven input gear. The reversing active output gear drives the driven reversing input gear to rotate, and the active reversing output gear further drives the reversing driven input gear to rotate, thereby controlling the reverse rotation of the sprocket.
PCT/CN2018/124860 2018-12-11 2018-12-28 Automatic gearbox of new-energy electric vehicle WO2020118792A1 (en)

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CN112874689A (en) * 2021-04-23 2021-06-01 重庆力华自动化技术有限责任公司 Two-gear speed-changing and gear-shifting structure of electric two-wheeled motorcycle

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CN207762201U (en) * 2018-01-19 2018-08-24 重庆隆旺机电有限责任公司 Compact combination formula speed changer
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US5226339A (en) * 1992-03-25 1993-07-13 Chrysler Corporation Two-speed transmission for use with electric powered vehicle
CN202345875U (en) * 2011-08-31 2012-07-25 隆鑫通用动力股份有限公司 Two-gear speed changer of electric motorcycle and motorcycle applying same
CN202674190U (en) * 2012-03-31 2013-01-16 朱超然 Electric vehicle transmission box capable of achieving outputting two different speed ratios through positive and negative rotation of input shaft
CN206175579U (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-17 江苏中车电机有限公司 Shunting self shifter reduction gear for electric motor car
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