WO2020113432A1 - 传输列表信息的方法和装置 - Google Patents
传输列表信息的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020113432A1 WO2020113432A1 PCT/CN2018/119215 CN2018119215W WO2020113432A1 WO 2020113432 A1 WO2020113432 A1 WO 2020113432A1 CN 2018119215 W CN2018119215 W CN 2018119215W WO 2020113432 A1 WO2020113432 A1 WO 2020113432A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/55—Push-based network services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/75—Indicating network or usage conditions on the user display
Definitions
- This application relates to the Internet field, for example, to a method and device for transmitting list information.
- Web pages can be used to display various information such as text, images, and sound.
- List information is a typical web page information.
- the list information of the web page sometimes changes dynamically according to time. Therefore, the list information of the web page has relatively high requirements on the communication or transmission efficiency of the sending and receiving ends.
- HTTP hypertext transfer protocol
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for transmitting list information, including: sending list information of a web page to a receiving end by using a two-way communication protocol.
- the two-way communication protocol does not require a fixed request response strategy like the HTTP protocol for information transmission, and can improve the transmission efficiency of the list information of the web page.
- the sending the list information of the web page to the receiving end using the two-way communication protocol includes: sending the list information belonging to the same web page to the receiving end in batches using the two-way communication protocol.
- the batch transmission design is adopted, so that the user at the receiving end can see the preliminary list information in a shorter time, and the transmission performance of the list information on the web page is improved.
- the sending the list information of the web page to the receiving end by using the two-way communication protocol includes: actively pushing the list information to the receiving end by using the two-way communication protocol.
- the active push method can improve the real-time nature of the web page information received by the receiving end.
- the method before the list information of the web page is sent to the receiving end by using the two-way communication protocol, the method further includes: selecting from the current list according to the difference between corresponding records in the current list and the historical list Target record, wherein the list information includes the target record.
- the target record to be transmitted is selected according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list, instead of directly transmitting the complete current list to the receiving end, the flexibility of transmission can be improved.
- the selecting the target record from the current list according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list includes: according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list , Selecting the target record from the current list so that the number of the target record is less than or equal to the first preset threshold.
- the selecting the target record from the current list according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list includes: according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list Select the target record from the current list so that the data amount of the target record is less than or equal to the second preset threshold.
- the amount of data to be transmitted at both ends of the transceiver remains basically stable (that is, it basically remains below the second preset threshold).
- the target record includes a first record in which a specific data item is deleted, where the first record has the same value as the specific data item in the corresponding record in the history list.
- the amount of data to be transferred can be reduced or the target record can accommodate more information.
- the target record is a partial record in the current list
- the current list also includes remaining records except the partial record
- the partial record and the historical list The minimum value of the difference between corresponding records is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the difference between the remaining records and corresponding records in the history list.
- the target record may be more noticeable to the user. Transmitting the target record to the receiving end without transmitting the remaining records can reduce the amount of data to be transmitted, and may not affect the transmission quality.
- the difference between the corresponding records of the current list and the history list is determined based on the difference between the target data items of the corresponding records of the current list and the history list.
- the target data item includes multiple data items
- the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list is the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list. Weighted sum of the differences of multiple data items.
- the target record includes newly added records and/or deleted records relative to the history list.
- the deleted record in the target record contains only the main field.
- the amount of data to be transferred can be reduced or the target record can accommodate more information.
- the method before the list information of the web page is sent to the receiving end by using the two-way communication protocol, the method further includes: merging multiple original time records in the current list into a target time record, wherein, Different object identifiers in the multiple original time records correspond to different times, each object identifier in the target time record corresponds to the same time, and the list information includes the target time record.
- the combining of multiple original time records in the current list into a target time record includes: adjusting the time precision of the multiple original time records to obtain multiple intermediate points with the same corresponding time Time recording, the time accuracy of the original time recording is the first time accuracy, and the time accuracy of the intermediate time recording is the second time accuracy, wherein the second time accuracy is less than the first time accuracy;
- the intermediate time records are merged into the target time record.
- time records that could not be merged can be merged, which can greatly improve the compression performance of time records without losing some time accuracy.
- adjusting the time accuracy of the multiple original time records to obtain multiple intermediate time records with the same corresponding time includes: according to the second time accuracy, the multiple original time records The time in the time record is rounded to obtain the multiple intermediate time records.
- the duration corresponding to the second time precision is greater than the update period of the original time record.
- the intermediate time record obtained after the accuracy adjustment is either the same as the time record before the update or is adjusted to the same time, so that most or all of the intermediate time records Time records can be merged into a target time record, greatly reducing the amount of data in time records.
- the multiple original time records are time records in which the current list is updated relative to the history list, and the object identifier in the target time record is that the current list is not relative to the history list.
- Object identifiers in the updated time record wherein the number of object identifiers in the time record updated relative to the historical time record is greater than the number of object identifiers in the time record not updated relative to the historical time record.
- the relative history is recorded in the target time record
- the object identifier in the time record that the time record is not updated can not only calculate the time record that is updated relative to the historical time record (equivalent to record the time record that is updated relative to the historical time record), but also reduce The amount of data recorded over time.
- the two-way communication protocol is a websocket protocol.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for transmitting list information, including: receiving list information of a web page from a sending end by using a two-way communication protocol.
- the use of a two-way communication protocol to receive list information of webpages from a sending end includes: using the two-way communication protocol to batch receive the list information belonging to the same webpage from the sending end; the method It also includes: displaying the list information to the same page in an additional display manner according to the receiving order of the list information.
- the receiving the list information of the web page from the sending end by using the two-way communication protocol includes: receiving the list information actively pushed by the sending end by using the two-way communication protocol.
- the two-way communication protocol is a websocket protocol.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an apparatus for transmitting list information, including: a transmission module configured to send list information of web pages to a receiving end using a two-way communication protocol.
- the transmission module is configured to send the list information belonging to the same web page to the receiving end in batches using the bidirectional communication protocol.
- the transmission module is configured to actively push the list information to the receiving end using the two-way communication protocol.
- the device further includes: a selection module configured to send the list information of the web page to the receiving end according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list before the sending of the list information of the web page to the receiving end Select a target record in the current list, wherein the list information includes the target record.
- a selection module configured to send the list information of the web page to the receiving end according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list before the sending of the list information of the web page to the receiving end Select a target record in the current list, wherein the list information includes the target record.
- the selection module is configured to select the target record from the current list according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the history list, so that the number of target records is less than Or equal to the first preset threshold.
- the selection module is configured to select the target record from the current list according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list, so that the data amount of the target record Less than or equal to the second preset threshold.
- the target record includes a first record in which a specific data item is deleted, where the first record has the same value as the specific data item in the corresponding record in the history list.
- the target record is a partial record in the current list
- the current list also includes remaining records except the partial record
- the partial record and the historical list The minimum value of the difference between corresponding records is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the difference between the remaining records and corresponding records in the history list.
- the difference between the corresponding records of the current list and the history list is determined based on the difference between the target data items of the corresponding records of the current list and the history list.
- the target data item includes multiple data items
- the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list is the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list. Weighted sum of the differences of multiple data items.
- the target record includes newly added records and/or deleted records relative to the history list.
- the deleted record in the target record contains only the main field.
- the device further includes: a merge module configured to merge multiple original time records in the current list into a target time before the list information of the web page is sent to the receiving end using the two-way communication protocol Records, wherein different object identifiers in the plurality of original time records correspond to different times, each object identifier in the target time record corresponds to the same time, and the list information includes the target time record.
- a merge module configured to merge multiple original time records in the current list into a target time before the list information of the web page is sent to the receiving end using the two-way communication protocol Records, wherein different object identifiers in the plurality of original time records correspond to different times, each object identifier in the target time record corresponds to the same time, and the list information includes the target time record.
- the merging module is configured to adjust the time accuracy of the multiple original time records to obtain multiple intermediate time records with the same corresponding time, and the time accuracy of the original time record is the first time Accuracy, the time accuracy of the intermediate time record is the second time accuracy, where the second time accuracy is less than the first time accuracy; the multiple intermediate time records are merged into the target time record.
- the merging module is configured to round the time in the multiple original time records according to the second time accuracy to obtain the multiple intermediate time records.
- the duration corresponding to the second time precision is greater than the update period of the original time record.
- the multiple original time records are time records in which the current list is updated relative to the history list, and the object identifier in the target time record is that the current list is not relative to the history list.
- Object identifiers in the updated time record wherein the number of object identifiers in the time record updated relative to the historical time record is greater than the number of object identifiers in the time record not updated relative to the historical time record.
- the two-way communication protocol is a websocket protocol.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an apparatus for transmitting list information, including: a receiving module configured to receive list information of a web page from a sending end using a two-way communication protocol.
- the receiving module is configured to receive the list information belonging to the same web page in batches from the sending end using the two-way communication protocol; the device further includes: a display module configured to In the order of receiving list information, the list information is displayed on the same page in an additional display manner.
- the receiving module is configured to receive the list information actively pushed by the sending end using the two-way communication protocol.
- the two-way communication protocol is a websocket protocol.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer (or server or terminal) including the above-mentioned device for transmitting list information.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, When the instruction is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is caused to execute the above method for transmitting list information.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is characterized by storing computer-executable instructions, the computer-executable instructions being configured to perform the above-described method of transmitting list information.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer , The computer is caused to execute the above method of transmitting list information.
- FIG. 1 is an example diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is another exemplary diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting list information provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting list information according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting list information according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting list information according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting time recording provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a processing flow of a sending end in a method for recording a transmission time according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow of the receiving end corresponding to FIG. 8.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting list information provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting list information according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 1 shows a network system.
- the network system includes a client 101 and a server 103.
- the client 101 and the server 103 can be connected via a wired or wireless network 102.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the types of the client 101 and the server 103.
- the client 101 may be a fixed terminal 101a or a mobile terminal 101b.
- the client 101 may also refer to software running on the terminal 101, such as a browser, a webpage, or an APP running on the terminal 101.
- software running on the terminal 101 such as a browser, a webpage, or an APP running on the terminal 101.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure will It is uniformly called the client.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the type of the server 103, and may be an application server or a storage server.
- FIG. 2 uses FIG. 2 as an example to illustrate the generation and transmission of list information.
- the back-end (or data source) 205 can obtain the operating status information (such as the CPU usage and memory usage of the device) of the monitored device (device 1-device n in FIG. 2) .
- the backend 205 may write the operating status information of each device to the redis database 207 at a specific frequency (such as 15 seconds/time or 40 seconds/time).
- the redis database 207 can record the operating status information of the devices in a list to form a list of these devices.
- the redis database 207 is only an example, and the database 207 may also be other types of databases, such as a memcached storage system, NoSOL database, and so on.
- a message can be pushed to the subscribers of the redis database (such as the server 103) to notify the subscribers that the information in the redis database has been updated.
- the server 103 may establish a websocket service for listening to requests from the client 101.
- the server 103 may subscribe to the running state information of the device 1-device n from the redis database to obtain a device list containing the running state information of the device. Then, the server 103 may transmit the device list to the client 101.
- the server 103 may first transmit the initial device list to the client 101, and this process may be referred to as the first transmission of the list information.
- the server 103 may transmit the updated device list to the client 101. This process may be referred to as retransmission of list information or update transmission. The transmission process can be repeated once or multiple times. Whether it is the first transmission or the second transmission, the server 103 may transmit the device list according to the request of the client 101, or may actively push the device list to the client 101.
- the client 101 may display the device list on the page of the client 101.
- the client 101 can also search the information in the device list displayed on the page, or sort the device list, and so on.
- each row (or each column) of the list can be called a record.
- Each column (or each row) of the list may be referred to as a field.
- Each field in a record can be called a data item.
- the list usually has a main field to distinguish different records in the list.
- the main field may be a field in the list or a combination of multiple fields in the list. Records can also exist relatively independently in other forms of data sets, not limited to lists.
- Table 1 is an example of the equipment list in the equipment operating state monitoring system shown in FIG. 2:
- Each row in Table 1 represents a record.
- the device number is the main field and is used to distinguish records of different devices.
- CPU usage and memory usage are all data items.
- the content in the record may depend on the application and is not limited to information related to the recording device.
- the recorded content may be stock information or remaining ticket information.
- HTTP is a one-way network protocol.
- This one-way network protocol requires the receiving end (such as the client) and the sending end (such as the server) to use the request and reply method for information transmission.
- the list information on the web page is often changed or updated in real time. For example, the operating status of the monitored device will be updated in real time, the stock market will fluctuate with time, and the information of the remaining tickets will often change as the user continues to book refunds.
- the one-way communication mechanism based on HTTP will cause the transmission efficiency of the web page list information to be low.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for transmitting list information, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the list information, which will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 3.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting list information provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the sending end in FIG. 3 may be various forms of software or hardware capable of transmitting list information.
- the sending end may refer to the server or the software on the server.
- the sending end may also be referred to as a server.
- the receiving end in FIG. 3 may be various forms of software or hardware capable of receiving list information.
- the receiving end may refer to a terminal device (such as a mobile phone), and may also refer to desktop software, mobile phone application, web page application, and so on.
- the receiving end may also be referred to as a client, or a web client.
- a network can be used for communication between the sending end and the receiving end.
- the network may be a wireless network or a wired network.
- the communication protocol between the sending end and the receiving end is a two-way communication protocol.
- the two-way communication protocol means that the sending end can actively send information to the receiving end, and the receiving end can also actively send information to the sending end.
- the communication method between the sending and receiving ends becomes very flexible.
- the sending end can either transmit information to the receiving end according to the request of the receiving end, or actively push the information to the receiving end.
- Flexible communication methods can significantly improve the information transmission efficiency at both ends of the transceiver.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure do not specifically limit the protocol type of the communication protocol at both ends of the transceiver, and may be any network protocol that supports bidirectional communication (or duplex communication).
- the two-way communication protocol may be a websocket protocol.
- the sending end may be referred to as a websocket server, and the receiving end may be referred to as a websocket receiver.
- the two-way communication protocol may be BiHppt protocol.
- the sending end may send the list information of the web page to the receiving end using a two-way communication protocol.
- the two-way communication protocol does not require a fixed request response strategy like the HTTP protocol for information transmission, so the transmission efficiency of the list information of the web page can be improved.
- the sending end may receive a request from the receiving end to request the sending end to transmit the list information of the webpage.
- the sending end may actively send (or push) the list information of the web page to the receiving end.
- the list information of the webpage can be divided into the first transmission and the second transmission.
- the sender can transmit the list information of the web page to the receiver according to the request of the receiver.
- the sender can actively push the updated list information to the receiver.
- the sending end may first compress the web page list information to be transmitted, and then transmit it to the receiving end in parallel, thereby reducing the amount of data transmitted.
- the receiving end when the data amount of the list information is large, the receiving end usually has to wait a long time before displaying the list information on the page.
- the reason is that the information transmitted based on the HTTP protocol cannot be (or hardly) used for display before being downloaded by the receiving end. For example, if a page contains several megabytes of list information, the receiving end usually needs tens of seconds to download the list information, which means that the user needs to wait for tens of seconds to see the list information on the web page. The waiting time is longer.
- the related art usually displays list information (for example, list information with a large amount of data) on a page-by-page basis.
- the pagination of the list information will cause a lot of inconvenience. For example, if the user at the receiving end wishes to sort the records in the list information, the receiving end does not have complete list information due to paging display, and can only sort the records within the pagination, which is often not of great practical value. If the user requests the sending end to sort the complete list information and transmit the sorting result to the receiving end, the sorted list information needs to be received again from the sending end, and the sorting efficiency is low and the delay is large. In another example, the use of paging display results in that the receiving end does not have complete list information, so that the user at the receiving end cannot search for the desired information from the complete list information. If the search function is implemented by the sending end, the communication burden on both the sending and receiving ends will increase, which is complicated and inefficient.
- the sending end may use a two-way communication protocol to send list information belonging to the same web page to the receiving end in batches.
- the receiving end can use a two-way communication protocol to batch receive the list information belonging to the same web page from the sending end; and according to the receiving order of the list information, display the list information to the same page in an additional display manner.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a batch transmission design, so that the user at the receiving end can see the preliminary list information in a short time, and then, the receiving end can continuously display the list information of the webpage in an additional display manner.
- the batch transmission design can alleviate the phenomenon of stuttering and long loading time that may occur when loading and displaying page list information at one time, and improve the transmission performance at both ends of the transceiver.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure does not specifically limit the amount of information transmitted in each batch, and can be determined according to factors such as the network status and the amount of data contained in each record in the list information. For example, every N (integer not less than 1) records in the list information may be sent as a batch. Assuming that a page contains several megabytes of list information, if the HTTP protocol is used for transmission, the receiving end may take several tens of seconds to complete the loading and display of the page list information, using the batch transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure , The receiving end can display the preliminary list information within a few seconds, and complete the loading of the complete list information in the subsequent dozens to tens of seconds.
- the sending end may send the records in the list information one by one to the receiving end; the receiving end may display the records one by one on the page in an additional manner.
- the above-mentioned list information of the same page may be complete list information.
- the receiving end After receiving the complete list information, the receiving end can browse the complete list information in a scrolling manner without turning pages, simplifying the operation of the user at the receiving end.
- the user at the receiving end can use the search function of the receiving end (such as the search function provided by the browser) to search for the desired information from the complete list information.
- the user at the receiving end may use the sorting function of the receiving end (such as the sorting function provided by the browser) to sort the list information.
- some personalized data analysis or statistical functions can be developed for the receiving end, so that the receiving end can use the complete list information received to perform more complicated analysis or processing on the data.
- step S310 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting list information provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the target record is selected from the current list.
- the list information of the web page transmitted in step S330 may include the target record selected in step S310.
- the target record to be transmitted is selected according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list, instead of directly transmitting the complete current list to the receiving end without selection, the transmission flexibility can be improved.
- the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list is compared, it is considered that both the current list needs to be transmitted to the receiving end, and the complete current list may also be transmitted to the receiving end.
- the target record can contain some or all records in the current list.
- the target record may include a record with a large difference in the current list or a record with a small difference in the current list.
- some records may be selected for transmission according to the difference between the current list and the historical list to reduce the amount of data to be transmitted. The method for selecting the target record will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.
- the history list may be a list that has been transmitted to the receiving end.
- the history list may be the latest list stored at the receiving end after the previous transmission, or the history list may also be an earlier version list stored at the receiving end.
- the process of transmitting the list information from the sender to the receiver is divided into the first transmission, the first update transmission, and the nth update transmission.
- the history list may refer to the list of the first transmission.
- the history list may refer to the list stored at the receiving end after the previous n-1 transmissions.
- the history list may also refer to the list obtained after the previous n-k transmissions (k is greater than 1). Among them, the value of k can be pre-negotiated by both sending and receiving ends.
- Both the current list and the history list can include multiple records.
- the main fields are usually kept unchanged. Therefore, the corresponding records between the current list and the history list can be determined according to the main fields in the current list and the history list. For example, the record with the same main field in the current list and the history list is the corresponding record. If the main field changes, it can be understood that a record in the history list is deleted, and a new record is added to the current list.
- Each record in the current list and the history list may contain one or more data items (the one or more data items may be one or more data items other than the main field).
- the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list can be determined based on the difference between the target data items of the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list, or can be determined based on the ratio of the target data items of the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list This is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the target data item may include any one or more data items in the record.
- the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list may be a weighted sum of the differences of the multiple data items in the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list. For example, the difference between each data item recorded in the multiple data items in the current list and the historical list can be calculated; then, the multiple data items can be assigned respective corresponding data items according to their importance or other indicators. Weights, and use these weights to perform weighted summation on the multiple differences corresponding to the multiple data items as the corresponding recorded differences.
- the difference between corresponding records may be represented by a numerical value, so as to facilitate comparison of the difference between corresponding records.
- the calculation method of the difference between the two data items can be determined according to the data type of the data stored in the data item.
- the difference between the two data items may be the difference between the numerical values in the two data items or the absolute value of the difference.
- the data in the data items are real numbers and the data of their corresponding units can be regarded as numeric data.
- the unit Before calculating the difference between two numeric data, the unit can be unified. In the process of calculating the difference between two numeric data, the difference between the values themselves can be directly calculated regardless of the unit.
- the difference between the two data items may be the time difference between the two data items.
- the time difference can be accurate to any of seconds, minutes, hours, or days.
- the difference calculation method calculates the difference between the two data items.
- the data type of the data stored in the two data items is a character string with an indefinite length
- the length of the character string in a data item is shorter than the target length
- the difference calculation method of the fixed-length character string type mentioned above can be used to calculate the difference between the two data items.
- step S310 There are many ways to select the target record in step S310.
- the target record may be selected from the current list according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the history list, so that the number of target records is less than or equal to the first preset threshold.
- the first preset threshold may be the maximum number of records allowed to be transmitted (for example, 1000).
- the first preset threshold may be set according to experience or actual conditions.
- the first preset threshold may be set according to one or more of the following factors: the network status between the sending end and the receiving end, the traffic cost required for the transmission process, and so on.
- the value of the first preset threshold may be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions. If the number of records in the current list is less than the first preset threshold, all of the current list can be transmitted to the receiving end.
- the amount of data that needs to be transmitted at both ends of the transceiver remains basically stable (maintained below the first preset threshold).
- the target record may be selected from the current list according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list, so that the data amount of the target record is less than or equal to the second preset threshold ( Or make the data volume of the target record within the preset range).
- this implementation controls the number of target records to be transmitted from the perspective of the amount of data, which can better ensure the stability of the amount of data transmitted at both ends of the transceiver (maintained below the second preset threshold).
- the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold mentioned above may also be determined according to the update frequency of the current list. For example, according to the update frequency of the current list, the number of records or the amount of data that the user can process in the two previous and subsequent update processes can be calculated, so as to determine the values of the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold. For example, assuming that the update frequency of the current list is 15 seconds, and the user can generally process 20 records in 15 seconds, the first preset threshold can be defined as 20; for another example, assuming that the update frequency of the current list is 45 seconds, the user is 45 seconds is generally capable of processing records corresponding to 100k of data, and the second preset threshold can be defined as 100k.
- the target record can be a record with a large difference, a record with a small difference in the current list compared to the corresponding record in the history list, or a record with a difference that meets other preset conditions, such as repeated fluctuations during several consecutive transmissions
- the records in the disclosure are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the target record is a partial record in the current list
- the current list also includes the remaining records in addition to the partial record
- the minimum value of the difference between the partial record and the corresponding record in the history list is greater than or equal to the remaining record and the history list
- the maximum value of the corresponding recorded difference in.
- the target record may include records corresponding to the history list in the current list (such records may be referred to as update records), and may include records added to the history list and/or records deleted from the history list.
- the newly added record refers to the record included in the current list, but the record is not included in the history list.
- the deleted record refers to the record not included in the current list, but the record exists in the history list.
- the above-mentioned newly added records and/or deleted records can also be taken into account, so that even if a large number of newly added records and/or deleted records are included, the amount of data to be transmitted at both the sending and receiving ends is also Can basically remain stable.
- the first preset threshold may be the total number of updated records, newly added records, and deleted records.
- the deleted record to be transmitted may contain only the main field to reduce the amount of data to be transmitted.
- the current list may be sorted according to the difference between the corresponding records of the current list and the historical list, in order of the difference from large to small or from small to large.
- the target record may include a first record with a specific data item deleted, where the first record has the same value as the specific data item of the corresponding record in the history list.
- the first record has the same value as the specific data item of the record corresponding to the first record in the history list, which means that the specific data item in the first record has not been updated, the specific data item may not be transmitted, so that the target record Can hold more information.
- the receiving end judges that the first record lacks a specific data item, the value in the specific data item is not updated by default, and there is no need to replace it.
- the sender can use the target record to update the locally saved history list for use in the next transmission.
- the target record can be used to update the locally saved history list for use in the next transmission.
- the probability that the record will be selected as the target record next time will increase, so that the probability of each record being transmitted will not be too large.
- the target record may be compressed (using a general compression method) to reduce the data volume of the target record.
- the list information to be transmitted often contains a large number of time records.
- Table 1 the device number and submission time in the device list constitute the time records of each detected device, as follows:
- time recording There are many forms of time recording, the above is just an example.
- Common time records usually include two basic elements: time and the object identifier of the object to which the time belongs.
- the meanings of time and object identifier in the time record will vary with different application occasions, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the time in the time record may refer to the update time of the operating state of the monitored device
- the object identifier in the time record may refer to the device number of the monitored device.
- the server 103 Assuming that the update frequency of the device list is 15 seconds, the server 103 generates a large number of time records every day, and the transmission of thousands of time records consumes a large amount of network resources.
- the time records and other records in the list information can be processed separately.
- the other records can be sent directly to the receiving end (or sent to the receiving end after being compressed in other ways).
- the time records can be described in Figures 5-9 below After compression, the data is transmitted to the receiving end.
- step S320 multiple original time records in the current list are merged into one target time record.
- different object identifiers in multiple original time records correspond to different times
- each object identifier in the target time record corresponds to the same time.
- the list information of the web page transmitted in step S330 may include the target time record obtained after processing in step S320.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure is equivalent to modifying some or all of the time in the original records, so that the time in the modified time record becomes the same time, so that these modified time records can be merged together, Form a target time record.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure can effectively reduce the consumption of network resources (such as network bandwidth) or data traffic during the transmission of time records, so that the time records can be quickly and accurately transmitted to the receiving end.
- the original time record may be a single object time record (ie, the original time record may include an object identifier), and the combined target time record may be a multi-object time record (ie, the target time record may include multiple objects Identifier).
- the object identifier in the target time record may be the object identifier in the multiple original time records, or may be another object identifier that can be indexed to the object identifier in the multiple original time records. This is not limited.
- the object identifier in the target time record may be the object identifier of the multiple original time records, or it may be that the relative historical time records are not The object identifier of the time record being updated. For example, when the number of object identifiers in a time record whose relative historical time record is updated is greater than the number of object identifiers in a time record whose relative historical time record is not updated, the object identifier in the target time record may be set The object identifier in the time record that has not been updated for the relative historical time record.
- the object identifier in the time record can be indexed to the object identifier of the time record updated relative to the historical time record in an inverse manner, or the data amount of the time record can be reduced.
- the historical time record mentioned here may be a time record that has been previously obtained, or a time record that has been previously sent to the receiving end.
- the historical time record may be the time record previously sent to the receiving end.
- step S320 there are many ways to implement step S320, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. As an example, you can select one time record from multiple original time records, and take the time of the selected time record as the reference time, and adjust the time of the remaining original time records in the multiple original time records to the reference time.
- steps S322-S324 may be used to merge the multiple original time records into one target time record.
- step S322 the time accuracy of multiple original time records is adjusted to obtain multiple intermediate time records with the same corresponding time.
- the time accuracy of the original time record may be the first time accuracy
- the time accuracy of the intermediate time record may be the second time accuracy.
- the second time accuracy is less than the first time accuracy.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the setting method of the second time precision. For example, if the first time precision is “1 second", the second time precision may be set to "1 minute” or "30 seconds".
- the duration corresponding to the second time accuracy may be set to be greater than the update period of the original time record.
- the intermediate time record obtained after the accuracy adjustment is either the same as the time record before the update or is adjusted to the same time, so that most or all of the intermediate time records Time records can be merged into a target time record, greatly reducing the amount of data in time records.
- the second time accuracy is greater than 40 seconds (for example, 1 minute)
- the time of the adjusted intermediate time record will remain the same as the time record before the update, Either be adjusted to the next minute.
- the adjustment may be rounding the time recorded in the original time according to the second time accuracy, or may be the processing of the time recorded in the original time according to the second time accuracy, or may be based on the second time accuracy
- the time recorded in the original time is subjected to round-to-round processing, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- step S324 multiple intermediate time records are merged into a target time record.
- time records to be processed include the following time records:
- the time accuracy of the original time record to be processed is "second" (corresponding to the first time accuracy mentioned above).
- the time accuracy of the original time record can be rounded off Into the processing, so that the time accuracy of all time records is retained to "minutes" (corresponding to the second time accuracy mentioned above), resulting in the following intermediate time records:
- the first two intermediate time records correspond to the same time "2018-05-10 11:22:00", and the last two intermediate time records correspond to the same time "2018-05-10 11:20:00".
- the intermediate time records corresponding to the same time can be combined into one target time record to obtain the following two target time records:
- the embodiments of the present disclosure can reduce the amount of data recorded in time, thereby reducing the consumption of storage resources by time recording.
- the sender can transmit in the same manner as the first transmission, that is, to transmit the complete time record to the receiver.
- the sending end may transmit to the receiving end the time record in which the relative history time record is updated, but not the time record in which the relative history list is not updated.
- the sending end can also transmit one or more of the newly added time record and the deleted time record to the receiving end.
- the deleted time record transmitted to the receiving end may include the object identifier, but not the time, to reduce the amount of data to be transmitted.
- step S702 the time in the original time record to be transmitted is rounded.
- the number of seconds in the time in the original time record can be rounded to the minute accuracy level.
- the acceptable time error of the receiving end is 30 seconds
- the number of seconds in the time in the original time record can be rounded to the 30-second accuracy level.
- step S704 the intermediate time records with the same time are combined to obtain one or more target time records.
- step S706 the target time record is sent to the receiving end. It can be seen that, compared with the original time record to be transmitted, the transmission target time record enables the data amount of the time record to be transmitted to be greatly reduced.
- the target time record containing multiple object identifiers can be restored to a single object time record.
- FIG. 8 is executed by the sending end
- FIG. 9 is executed by the receiving end.
- step S802 the original time record to be transmitted is rounded.
- the original time records to be transmitted can be rounded to make the time in these time records accurate to minutes, and we get:
- step S804 the time records after the rounding process are divided into 4 groups of A, B, C and D.
- the historical time record refers to the time record of the previous transmission, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this.
- the sending end may use any time record transmitted previously as the historical time record, as long as the sending and receiving ends have negotiated in advance That's it.
- step S806 all object identifiers of the time records in B are extracted to constitute B'.
- B' can be expressed in the form of "- ⁇ b1, b2, b3,... ⁇ ", where b1, b2, and b3 are object identifiers, and "-" indicates deletion. This way of representation omits the transmission of the time of the deleted time record, and can reduce the amount of data of the time record to be transmitted.
- step S808 the time records of A and C are processed according to the steps shown in Fig. 7 to obtain A'and C'.
- A’ (2018-05-1011:23:00,340).
- step S810 if C'contains a time record, skip to step S812. If C'contains multiple time records, skip to step S820.
- C’ (2018-05-1011:23:00, ⁇ 1568,1329,4560 ⁇ ), which contains a time record, and then jump to step S812.
- step S812 the time in the time record in C'is extracted as T; and the object identifier included in the time record is extracted as O1.
- O1 ⁇ 1568, 1329, 4560 ⁇ .
- step S814 the object identifier included in the time record in D is extracted and recorded as O2.
- step S818 A', B', and R are transmitted to the receiving end.
- A’ (2018-05-1011:23:00,340);
- step S820 A', B'and C'are transmitted to the receiving end.
- Fig. 9 shows the processing flow of the receiving end during the retransmission process.
- step S902 if B'is received, the time record corresponding to the object identifier it contains is removed from the historical time record.
- time record ie historical time record
- the time record received this time is as follows:
- A’ (2018-05-1011:23:00,340);
- step S902 (2018-05-10 11:30:00, 2356) can be removed from the time record, and the remaining time record is as follows:
- step S906 is executed, and the object identifier in the historical time record is not
- the time recorded in "3421" is set to "2018-05-1011:23:00", and the following results are obtained:
- step S908 if C'is received, the multi-object time record in C'is expanded into a single-object time record, and updated to the corresponding position of the historical time record.
- step S910 if A'is received, the multi-object time record in A'is expanded into a single-object time record, and updated to the corresponding position of the currently existing time record.
- time and object identifiers can be represented in binary.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure compresses the data amount of the time record to obtain the target time record.
- a general compression algorithm may be used to compress the target time record again to reduce the amount of time record data to a greater extent.
- the device 1000 may perform the above-mentioned actions performed by the sending end. As shown in FIG. 10, the device 1000 includes a transmission module 1010 configured to send list information of web pages to a receiving end using a two-way communication protocol.
- the transmission module is configured to use the two-way communication protocol to send the list information belonging to the same web page to the receiving end in batches.
- the transmission module is configured to actively push the list information to the receiving end using the two-way communication protocol.
- the device 1000 may further include: a selection module configured to, according to the difference between corresponding records in the current list and the historical list, before the list information of the web page is sent to the receiving end using the bidirectional communication protocol Select a target record in the current list, where the list information includes the target record.
- a selection module configured to, according to the difference between corresponding records in the current list and the historical list, before the list information of the web page is sent to the receiving end using the bidirectional communication protocol Select a target record in the current list, where the list information includes the target record.
- the selection module is configured to select the target record from the current list according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list, so that the number of target records is less than or equal to the A preset threshold.
- the selection module is configured to select the target record from the current list according to the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the history list, so that the data amount of the target record is less than or equal to The second preset threshold.
- the target record includes a first record in which a specific data item is deleted, where the first record has the same value as the specific data item in the corresponding record in the history list.
- the target record is a partial record in the current list
- the current list further includes remaining records other than the partial record
- the partial record and the corresponding record in the history list are The minimum value of the difference is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the difference between the remaining records and the corresponding records in the history list.
- the difference between the corresponding records of the current list and the history list is determined based on the difference between the target data items of the corresponding records of the current list and the history list.
- the target data item includes multiple data items
- the difference between the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list is the multiple data in the corresponding records in the current list and the historical list The weighted sum of the differences of the terms.
- the target record includes newly added records and/or deleted records relative to the history list.
- the deleted record in the target record contains only the main field.
- the device 1000 may further include: a merge module configured to merge multiple original time records in the current list into a target time record before the list information of the web page is sent to the receiving end by using the two-way communication protocol Where different object identifiers in the multiple original time records correspond to different times, each object identifier in the target time record corresponds to the same time, and the list information includes the target time record.
- a merge module configured to merge multiple original time records in the current list into a target time record before the list information of the web page is sent to the receiving end by using the two-way communication protocol Where different object identifiers in the multiple original time records correspond to different times, each object identifier in the target time record corresponds to the same time, and the list information includes the target time record.
- the merging module is configured to adjust the time accuracy of the multiple original time records to obtain multiple intermediate time records with the same corresponding time.
- the time accuracy of the original time record is the first time accuracy.
- the time accuracy of the intermediate time record is a second time accuracy, where the second time accuracy is less than the first time accuracy; the multiple intermediate time records are merged into the target time record.
- the merging module is configured to perform rounding processing on the times in the plurality of original time records according to the second time accuracy to obtain the plurality of intermediate time records.
- the duration corresponding to the second time accuracy is greater than the update period of the original time record.
- the plurality of original time records are time records in which the current list is updated relative to the history list, and the object identifier in the target time record is times when the current list is not updated in relation to the history list Object identifiers in the record, wherein the number of object identifiers in the time record updated relative to the historical time record is greater than the number of object identifiers in the time record not updated relative to the historical time record.
- the two-way communication protocol is a websocket protocol.
- the device 1100 may perform the above-mentioned actions performed by the receiving end.
- the device 1100 may include a receiving module 1110 configured to receive list information of web pages from a sending end using a two-way communication protocol.
- the receiving module 1110 is configured to receive the list information belonging to the same web page in batches from the sending end using the bidirectional communication protocol; the device 1100 may further include: a display module configured to In the order of receiving list information, the list information is displayed on the same page in an additional display manner.
- the receiving module 1110 is configured to use the two-way communication protocol to receive the list information actively pushed by the sending end.
- the two-way communication protocol is a websocket protocol.
- Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-executable instructions that are configured to perform the above-described method of transmitting list information.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer program product.
- the computer program product includes a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium.
- the computer program includes program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a computer, the The computer executes the above method of transmitting list information.
- the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be a transient computer-readable storage medium or a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 12, and the electronic device may be used to perform the above-mentioned actions performed by the sending end and/or the receiving end.
- the electronic equipment includes:
- At least one processor (processor) 1210 one processor 1210 is taken as an example in FIG. 12; and a memory (memory) 1220 may further include a communication interface (Communication Interface) 1230 and a bus 1240. Among them, the processor 1210, the communication interface 1230, and the memory 1220 can complete communication with each other through the bus 1240.
- the communication interface 1230 may be used for information transmission.
- the processor 1210 may call logic instructions in the memory 1220 to perform the method of transferring records in the above-described embodiment.
- the above logic instructions in the memory 1220 can be implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as an independent product, and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
- the memory 1220 is a computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store software programs and computer-executable programs, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the methods in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the processor 1210 executes functional applications and data processing by running software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 1220, that is, a method for transmitting list information in the foregoing method embodiments.
- the memory 1220 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, where the storage program area may store an operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of a terminal device and the like.
- the memory 1220 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory.
- the current list mentioned above may be a device list.
- the device list may be a processing device of "digital credentials".
- the digital voucher processing device may be a digital currency mining machine, and the digital currency may be an encrypted currency such as bitcoin.
- the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of software products, which are stored in a storage medium and include one or more instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network) Equipment, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the aforementioned storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, including: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.
- a medium that can store program codes may also be a transient storage medium.
- first, second, etc. may be used in this application to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.
- the first element can be called the second element, and likewise, the second element can be called the first element, as long as all occurrences of the "first element” are consistently renamed and all occurrences of The “second component” can be renamed consistently.
- the first element and the second element are both elements, but they may not be the same element.
- the various aspects, implementations, implementations or features in the described embodiments can be used alone or in any combination.
- Various aspects in the described embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.
- the described embodiments may also be embodied by a computer-readable medium that stores computer-readable code including instructions executable by at least one computing device.
- the computer-readable medium can be associated with any data storage device capable of storing data, which can be read by a computer system.
- Computer-readable media used for examples may include read-only memory, random access memory, CD-ROM, HDD, DVD, magnetic tape, optical data storage devices, and the like.
- the computer-readable medium may also be distributed in computer systems connected through a network, so that computer-readable codes can be stored and executed in a distributed manner.
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Abstract
一种传输列表信息的方法和装置。该方法包括:利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息(S330)。双向通信协议无需像HTTP协议那样采用固定的请求应答策略进行信息传输,能够提高网页的列表信息的传输效率。
Description
本申请涉及互联网领域,例如涉及一种传输列表信息的方法和装置。
网页可用于显示文字、图像、声音等各种各样的信息。列表信息是一种典型的网页信息。
与网页上的静态信息不同,网页的列表信息有时会根据时间动态变化,因此,网页的列表信息对收发两端的通信或传输效率要求比较高。
相关技术通常采用超文本传输协议(hypertext transfer protocol,HTTP)将网页的列表信息从服务端传输至客户端的页面上,效率较低,难以满足网页的列表信息的传输需求。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种传输列表信息的方法,包括:利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息。
双向通信协议无需像HTTP协议那样采用固定的请求应答策略进行信息传输,能够提高网页的列表信息的传输效率。
在某些实现方式中,所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息,包括:利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端分批发送属于同一网页的所述列表信息。
采用分批传输设计,使得接收端的用户可以在较短的时间内看到初步的列表信息,提高了网页的列表信息的传输性能。
在某些实现方式中,所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息,包括:利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端主动推送所述列表信息。
采用主动推送的方式可以提高接收端接收网页列表信息的实时性。
在某些实现方式中,在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,所述方法还包括:根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,其中所述列表信息包括所述目标记录。
根据当前列表和历史列表中的对应记录的差异选取待传输的目标记录,而非将完整的当前列表直接传输至接收端,可以提高传输的灵活性。
在某些实现方式中,所述根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,包括:根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数量小于或等于第一预设阈值。
通过设置目标记录的数量的上限,使得无论当前列表中的记录的数量较多还是较少,收发两端需要传输的数据量基本保持稳定(即基本维持在第一预设阈值以下)。
在某些实现方式中,所述根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,包括:根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数据量小于或等于第二预设阈值。
通过设置传输数据量的上限,使得无论当前列表的数据量较多还是较少,收发两端需要传输的数据量基本保持稳定(即基本维持在第二预设阈值以下)。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标记录包括删除了特定数据项的第一记录,其中所述第一记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述特定数据项的取值相同。
通过删除目标记录中的未更新的特定数据项,可以降低待传输的数据量或使得目标记录可以容纳更多的信息量。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标记录为所述当前列表中的部分记录,所述当前列表还包括除所述部分记录之外的剩余记录,且所述部分记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最小值大于或等于所述剩余记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最大值。
与剩余记录相比,目标记录与历史列表中的对应记录的差异较大,因此, 目标记录可能更能引起用户的注意。向接收端传输目标记录,而不传输剩余记录,可以降低待传输的数据量,且可能不会影响传输质量。
在某些实现方式中,所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的差异是基于所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的目标数据项的差值确定的。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标数据项包括多个数据项,所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异为所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述多个数据项的差值的加权和。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标记录包括相对所述历史列表新增的记录和/或被删除的记录。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标记录中的所述被删除的记录仅包含主字段。
通过省略被删除记录的除主字段之外的其他内容,可以降低待传输的数据量或使得目标记录可以容纳更多的信息量。
在某些实现方式中,在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,所述方法还包括:将当前列表中的多条原始时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录,其中,所述多条原始时间记录中的不同对象标识符对应不同时间,所述目标时间记录中的各个对象标识符对应同一时间,所述列表信息包括所述目标时间记录。
通过将对应时间不同的时间记录合并成对应时间相同的一条目标时间记录,可以减少时间记录的数据量。
在某些实现方式中,所述将当前列表中的多条原始时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录,包括:对所述多条原始时间记录的时间精度进行调整,得到对应时间相同的多条中间时间记录,所述原始时间记录的时间精度为第一时间精度,所述中间时间记录的时间精度为第二时间精度,其中所述第二时间精度小于所述第一时间精度;将所述多条中间时间记录合并成所述目标时间记录。
通过调整原始时间记录的时间精度,使得原本无法合并的时间记录可以被合并,从而可以在损失一些时间精度的情况下大幅提升时间记录的压缩性能。
在某些实现方式中,所述对所述多条原始时间记录的时间精度进行调整,得到对应时间相同的多条中间时间记录,包括:按照所述第二时间精度,对所述多条原始时间记录中的时间进行舍入处理,得到所述多条中间时间记录。
在某些实现方式中,所述第二时间精度对应的时长大于所述原始时间记录的更新周期。
第二时间精度对应的时长大于原始时间记录的更新周期时,经过精度调整后得到的中间时间记录要么与更新前的时间记录保持不变,要么被调整至同一时间,从而使得大部分甚至全部中间时间记录可以被合并至一条目标时间记录,很大程度地降低时间记录的数据量。
在某些实现方式中,所述多条原始时间记录为所述当前列表相对历史列表被更新的时间记录,所述目标时间记录中的对象标识符为所述当前列表相对所述历史列表未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符,其中相对所述历史时间记录被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量大于相对所述历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量。
由于相对所述历史时间记录被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量大于相对所述历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量,在目标时间记录中记录相对所述历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符,既可以反算出相对所述历史时间记录被更新的时间记录(相当于记录了相对所述历史时间记录被更新的时间记录),又可以降低时间记录的数据量。
在某些实现方式中,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
本公开实施例还提供一种传输列表信息的方法,包括:利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息。
在某些实现方式中,所述利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息,包括:利用所述双向通信协议从所述发送端分批接收属于同一网页的所述列表信息;所述方法还包括:根据所述列表信息的接收顺序,以追加显示的方式将所述列表信息显示至所述同一页面。
在某些实现方式中,所述利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息,包括:利用所述双向通信协议接收所述发送端主动推送的所述列表信息。
在某些实现方式中,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
本公开实施例还提供一种传输列表信息的装置,包括:传输模块,配置为利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息。
在某些实现方式中,所述传输模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端分批发送属于同一网页的所述列表信息。
在某些实现方式中,所述传输模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端主动推送所述列表信息。
在某些实现方式中,所述装置还包括:选取模块,配置为在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,其中所述列表信息包括所述目标记录。
在某些实现方式中,所述选取模块配置为根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数量小于或等于第一预设阈值。
在某些实现方式中,所述选取模块配置为根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数据量小于或等于第二预设阈值。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标记录包括删除了特定数据项的第一记录,其中所述第一记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述特定数据项的取值相同。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标记录为所述当前列表中的部分记录,所述当前列表还包括除所述部分记录之外的剩余记录,且所述部分记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最小值大于或等于所述剩余记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最大值。
在某些实现方式中,所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的差异是基于所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的目标数据项的差值确定的。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标数据项包括多个数据项,所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异为所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应 记录的所述多个数据项的差值的加权和。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标记录包括相对所述历史列表新增的记录和/或被删除的记录。
在某些实现方式中,所述目标记录中的所述被删除的记录仅包含主字段。
在某些实现方式中,所述装置还包括:合并模块,配置为在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,将当前列表中的多条原始时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录,其中,所述多条原始时间记录中的不同对象标识符对应不同时间,所述目标时间记录中的各个对象标识符对应同一时间,所述列表信息包括所述目标时间记录。
在某些实现方式中,所述合并模块配置为对所述多条原始时间记录的时间精度进行调整,得到对应时间相同的多条中间时间记录,所述原始时间记录的时间精度为第一时间精度,所述中间时间记录的时间精度为第二时间精度,其中所述第二时间精度小于所述第一时间精度;将所述多条中间时间记录合并成所述目标时间记录。
在某些实现方式中,所述合并模块配置为按照所述第二时间精度,对所述多条原始时间记录中的时间进行舍入处理,得到所述多条中间时间记录。
在某些实现方式中,所述第二时间精度对应的时长大于所述原始时间记录的更新周期。
在某些实现方式中,所述多条原始时间记录为所述当前列表相对历史列表被更新的时间记录,所述目标时间记录中的对象标识符为所述当前列表相对所述历史列表未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符,其中相对所述历史时间记录被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量大于相对所述历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量。
在某些实现方式中,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
本公开实施例还提供一种传输列表信息的装置,包括:接收模块,配置为利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息。
在某些实现方式中,所述接收模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议从所述发送端分批接收属于同一网页的所述列表信息;所述装置还包括:显示模块, 配置为根据所述列表信息的接收顺序,以追加显示的方式将所述列表信息显示至所述同一页面。
在某些实现方式中,所述接收模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议接收所述发送端主动推送的所述列表信息。
在某些实现方式中,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
本公开实施例还提供了一种计算机(或服务器或终端),包含上述传输列表信息的装置。
本公开实施例还提供一种电子设备,包括:至少一个处理器;以及与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器;其中,所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行时,使所述至少一个处理器执行上述传输列表信息的方法。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令设置为执行上述传输列表信息的方法。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品,其特征在于,所述计算机程序产品包括存储在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括程序指令,当所述程序指令被计算机执行时,使所述计算机执行上述传输列表信息的方法。
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图进行示例性说明,这些示例性说明和附图并不构成对实施例的限定,附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件示为类似的元件,附图不构成比例限制,并且其中:
图1为本公开实施例提供的应用场景的一个示例图;
图2为本公开实施例提供的应用场景的另一示例图;
图3为本公开一个实施例提供的传输列表信息的方法的流程示意图;
图4为本公开另一实施例提供的传输列表信息的方法的流程示意图;
图5为本公开又一实施例提供的传输列表信息的方法的流程示意图;
图6为本公开又一实施例提供的传输列表信息的方法的流程示意图;
图7为本公开实施例提供的传输时间记录的方法的流程示意图;
图8为本公开另一实施例提供的传输时间记录的方法中的发送端的处理流程示意图;
图9是与图8对应的接收端的处理流程示意图;
图10为本公开一个实施例提供的传输列表信息的装置的结构示意图;
图11为本公开另一实施例提供的传输列表信息的装置的结构示意图;以及
图12为本公开实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。
为了能够更加详尽地了解本公开实施例的特点与技术内容,下面结合附图对本公开实施例的实现进行详细阐述,所附附图仅供参考说明之用,并非用来限定本公开实施例。在以下的技术描述中,为方便解释起见,通过多个细节以提供对所披露实施例的充分理解。然而,在没有这些细节的情况下,一个或多个实施例仍然可以实施。在其它情况下,为简化附图,熟知的结构和装置可以简化展示。
下面结合图1,对本公开实施例的应用场景进行举例说明。
图1示出的是一个网络系统。该网络系统包括客户端101和服务器103。客户端101和服务器103之间可以通过有线的或无线的网络102通信连接。
本公开实施例对客户端101和服务器103的类型不做限定。例如,客户端101可以是固定的终端101a,也可以是移动终端101b。在某些实施例中,客户端101也可以指终端101上运行的软件,如终端101上运行的浏览器,网页,或者APP,为了便于描述,无论采用哪种实现方式,本公开实施例将其统一称为客户端。本公开实施例对服务器103的类型也不做限定,可以是应用服务器,也可以是存储服务器。
下面以图2为例,对列表信息的生成及传输过程进行举例说明。
如图2所示,后端(或称数据源)205可以获取到被监控设备(如图2中的设备1-设备n)的运行状态信息(如设备的CPU占用率、内存占用率等)。此外,后端205可以以特定频率(如15秒/次或40秒/次)将每台设备的运行状态信息写入redis数据库207。redis数据库207可以以列表的方式对设备的运行状态信息进行记录,形成这些设备的列表信息。redis数据库207仅是一个示例,该数据库207还可以是其他类型的数据库,如memcached存储系统、NoSOL数据库等。当redis数据库中的设备列表被更新时,可以向redis数据库的订阅者(如服务器103)推送一条消息,通知订阅者redis数据库的信息已更新。
服务器103可以建立websocket服务,用于监听来自客户端101的请求。当客户端101与服务器103连接时,服务器103可以向redis数据库订阅设备1-设备n的运行状态信息,以获取包含设备运行状态信息的设备列表。接着,服务器103可以将该设备列表传输至客户端101。例如,服务器103可以先将初始的设备列表传输至客户端101,这一过程可以称为列表信息的首次传输。每当设备列表被更新,服务器103可以将更新后的设备列表传输至客户端101,这一过程可以称为列表信息的再次传输或更新传输。再次传输过程可以有1次,也可以有多次。无论是首次传输,还是再次传输,服务器103可以依客户端101的请求传输设备列表,也可以向客户端101主动推送设备列表。
客户端101(本例中,由于服务器103与客户端基于websocket协议通信,因此,该客户端也可称为websocket客户端或websocket app)可以将设备列表显示在客户端101的页面上。在某些实施例中,客户端101还可以对页面上显示的设备列表中的信息进行搜索,或对设备列表进行排序等。
通常来讲,列表的每一行(或每一列)可以称为一条记录。列表的每一列(或每一行)可以称为一个字段。一个记录中的每个字段可以称为一个数据项。列表通常具有主字段,用于区分列表中的不同的记录。该主字段可以是列表中的一个字段,也可以是列表中的多个字段的组合。记录也可以相对独立地存在于其他形式的数据集中,而不限于列表。
表一为图2所示的设备运行状态监控系统中的设备列表的一个示例:
表一
设备号 | CPU占用率 | 内存占用量 | 设备温度 | 提交时间 |
1568 | 30% | 0.5GB | 40℃ | 2018-05-10 11:21:42 |
1329 | 70% | 1GB | 60℃ | 2018-05-10 11:22:01 |
3421 | 50% | 0.7GB | 50℃ | 2018-05-10 11:20:01 |
4560 | 40% | 0.6GB | 45℃ | 2018-05-10 11:20:23 |
表一的每一行代表一条记录。设备号为主字段,用于对不同设备的记录进行区分。CPU占用率、内存占用量等均为数据项。记录中的内容可以视应用而定,不限于记录设备相关的信息。例如,记录的内容可以是股票信息,也可以是剩余车票信息等。
HTTP是一种单向的网络协议,这种单向的网络协议要求接收端(如客户端)与发送端(如服务器)采用请求应答的方式进行信息传输。网页的列表信息经常会实时变化或更新,例如,被监控设备的运行状态会实时更新,股票行情会随着时间变化而波动,剩余车票的信息也经常会随着用户的不断订退票而发生变化,基于HTTP的单向通信机制会导致网页的列表信息的传输效率较低。
本公开实施例提供一种传输列表信息的方法,可以提高列表信息的传输效率,下面结合图3进行详细描述。
图3是本公开实施例提供的传输列表信息的方法的示意性流程图。图3中的发送端可以是能够传输列表信息的各种形式的软件或硬件。例如,发送端可以指服务器,也可以指服务器上的软件。在某些实施例中,发送端也可称为服务端。图3中的接收端可以是能够接收列表信息的各种形式的软件或硬件。例如,接收端可以指终端设备(如手机),也可以指桌面软件、手机应用程序、网页应用程序等。在某些实施例中,接收端也可称为客户端,或网页客户端。
发送端和接收端之间可以采用网络进行通信。该网络可以是无线网络,也可以是有线网络。发送端和接收端之间的通信协议为双向通信协议。双向 通信协议指的是发送端可以主动向接收端发送信息,接收端也可以主动向发送端发送信息。在双向通信协议下,收发两端之间的通信方式变得非常灵活,发送端既可以依接收端的请求向接收端传输信息,也可以向接收端主动推送信息。灵活的通信方式可以显著提升收发两端的信息传输效率。
本公开实施例对收发两端的通信协议的协议类型不做具体限定,可以是支持双向通信(或称双工通信)的通信协议任意的网络协议。例如,该双向通信协议可以为websocket协议。此时,发送端可以称为websocket服务端,接收端可以称为websocket接收端。或者,该双向通信协议可以为BiHppt协议。
参见图3,在步骤S330,发送端可以利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息。双向通信协议无需像HTTP协议那样采用固定的请求应答策略进行信息传输,因此能够提高网页的列表信息的传输效率。
作为一个示例,在执行步骤S330之前,发送端可以接收接收端的请求,以请求发送端传输网页的列表信息。作为另一个示例,发送端可以主动向接收端发送(或推送)网页的列表信息。
假设网页的列表信息为随着时间更新的列表信息,可以将网页的列表信息分为首次传输和再次传输。在首次传输过程中,发送端可以依接收端的请求向接收端传输网页的列表信息,首次传输完成之后,每当列表信息被更新时,发送端可以向接收端主动推送更新后的列表信息。
采用主动推送的方式传输更新后的列表信息,使得接收端无需执行任何操作即能方便地监控动态变化的列表信息(HTTP协议下,用户需要主动更新页面,或者采用轮询的方式更新页面,操作复杂,网络开销大)。
在一些实施例中,发送端可以先对待传输的网页列表信息进行压缩,再将其并传输至接收端,从而减少传输的数据量。
如果利用HTTP传输同一网页的列表信息,当该列表信息的数据量较大时,接收端通常要等待很久才能在页面显示该列表信息。究其原因,在于基于HTTP协议传输的信息在被接收端下载完成之前,不能(或很难)被用于显示。例如,如果一张页面包含数兆字节的列表信息,则接收端通常需要几十秒才能将该列表信息下载完成,这意味着用户需要等待几十秒才能在网页 上看到该列表信息,等待时间较长。为了克服这一问题,相关技术通常对列表信息(例如:数据量较大的列表信息)进行分页显示。
列表信息的分页显示会引起诸多不便。例如,如果接收端的用户希望对列表信息中的记录进行排序,由于分页显示导致接收端不具有完整的列表信息,仅能对分页内的记录进行排序,这种排序往往没有很大的实用价值。如果用户请求发送端对完整的列表信息进行排序,并将排序结果传输给接收端,则需要从发送端重新接收排序后的列表信息,排序效率较低,延迟较大。又如,采用分页显示导致接收端没有完整的列表信息,使得接收端的用户无法从完整的列表信息中搜索期望的信息。如果由发送端实现该搜索功能,则会增加收发两端的通信负担,实现复杂且效率低下。
为了缓解上述问题,在某些实施例中,发送端可以利用双向通信协议向接收端分批发送属于同一网页的列表信息。相应地,接收端可以利用双向通信协议从发送端分批接收属于同一网页的列表信息;并根据列表信息的接收顺序,以追加显示的方式将列表信息显示至同一页面。
本公开实施例采用分批传输设计,使得接收端的用户可以在较短的时间内看到初步的列表信息,然后,接收端可以以追加显示的方式将网页的列表信息不断显示完整。采用分批传输设计可以缓解一次性加载和显示页面列表信息所可能出现的卡顿和加载时间过长的现象,提高了收发两端的传输性能。
采用分批传输设计时,本公开实施例对每批传输的信息量不做具体限定,可以根据网络状况、列表信息中的每条记录包含的数据量等因素确定。例如,可以将列表信息中的每N(不小于1的整数)条记录作为一批进行发送。假设一张页面中包含数兆字节的列表信息,如果利用HTTP协议传输,接收端可能需要几十秒的时间才能完成页面列表信息的加载和显示,利用本公开实施例提供的分批传输方式,接收端可以在数秒之内展示出初步的列表信息,并在后续的十几秒到几十秒时间内完成完整列表信息的加载。
可选地,在某些实施例中,发送端可以向接收端逐条发送列表信息中的记录;接收端可以在页面上以追加的方式对记录进行逐条显示。
可选地,上文提及的同一页面的列表信息可以是完整的列表信息。接收端接收到完整的列表信息之后,可以通过滚动的方式浏览完整的列表信息, 无需翻页,简化接收端的用户的操作。
由于接收端获取到了完整的列表信息,接收端的用户可以使用接收端的搜索功能(如浏览器自带的搜索功能)从完整的列表信息中搜索期望的信息。可选地,接收端的用户可以使用接收端的排序功能(如浏览器自带的排序功能)对列表信息进行排序。当然,在某些实施例中,可以为接收端开发一些个性化的数据分析或统计功能,使得接收端能够利用其接收到的完整的列表信息对数据进行更加复杂的分析或处理。
列表信息可以很多记录。在相关技术中,每当记录被更新时,发送端通常将更新后的当前列表完整地传输至接收端,以便接收端更新其存储的历史列表,这种不加选择直接传输的方式灵活性较差。例如,在实际的网络传输过程中,收发两端无论使用的是宽带互联网,还是移动互联网,二者之间的信道总是受到各种各样的限制,比如信道带宽的限制,或数据流量的限制。无节制的传输大量信息会导致传输延时长,甚至导致传输失败。所以,对当前列表进行有选择的传输,就显得很重要。
有一个现象有助于从当前列表中选取待传输的目标记录,即在有限时间内,一个人能够处理的信息量往往是有限的。因此,其往往仅关注值得关注内容。例如,对于图2描述的设备运行状态监控系统,用户可能关心的是设备列表中的变化剧烈(或变化程度较大)的内容;对于其他场景,用户可能关心的是列表中的变化平缓(或变化程度较小)的内容。下面结合图4给出能够提高收发两端灵活性的一种可能的实施例。
图4是本公开实施例提供的传输列表信息的方法的流程示意图。在步骤S310,根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从当前列表中选取目标记录。步骤S330中传输的网页的列表信息可以包括经步骤S310选取出的目标记录。
根据当前列表和历史列表中的对应记录的差异选取待传输的目标记录,而非将不加选择直接将完整的当前列表传输至接收端,可以提高传输的灵活性。当然,本公开实施例中,如果比较了当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异之后,认为当前列表均需要传输至接收端,也可以将完整的当前列表传输至接收端。
目标记录可以包含当前列表中的部分或全部记录。例如,目标记录可以包含当前列表中的差异较大的记录,也可以包含当前列表中的差异较小的记录。换句话说,在某些实施例中,可以根据当前列表与历史列表的差异,选择部分记录进行传输,以降低待传输的数据量。下文会结合实施例对目标记录的选择方式进行详细描述,此处暂不详述。
历史列表可以是已经传输至接收端的列表。作为一个示例,历史列表可以是经过前一次传输后,接收端存储的最新列表,或者,历史列表也可以是接收端存储的较早版本的列表。例如,将发送端向接收端传输列表信息的过程分为首次传输、第1次更新传输…第n次更新传输,则对于第1次更新传输而言,历史列表可以指首次传输的列表。对于第n次更新传输而言,历史列表可以指经过前n-1次传输后接收端存储的列表。或者,在某些实施例中,对于第n次传输而言,历史列表也可以指经过前n-k次传输后得到的列表(k大于1)。其中,k的取值可以由收发两端预先协商。
当前列表和历史列表均可以包括多条记录。记录在更新过程中,主字段通常是保持不变的。因此,当前列表与历史列表之间的对应记录可以根据当前列表和历史列表中的主字段确定。例如,当前列表和历史列表中的主字段相同的记录为对应记录。如果主字段发生了变换,可以理解为历史列表中的某条记录被删除,并有新的记录添加至当前列表。
当前列表和历史列表中的每条记录可以包含一个或多个数据项(该一个或多个数据项可以是除主字段之外的一个或多个数据项)。当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异可以基于当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的目标数据项的差值确定,也可以基于当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的目标数据项的比值确定,本公开实施例对此并不限定。该目标数据项可以包括记录中的任意一个或多个数据项。
假设目标数据项包括多个数据项,当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异可以为当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的该多个数据项的差值的加权和。例如,可以计算当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录在该多个数据项中的每个数据项的差异;然后,可以按照数据项的重要性或其他指标为该多个数据项分配各自对应的权值,并利用这些权值对该多个数据项对应的多个差异 进行加权求和,作为对应记录的差异。在某些实施例中,对应记录的差异可以通过数值表示,以便于对对应记录的差异进行比较。
两个数据项之间的差异的计算方式可以根据该数据项中存储的数据的数据类型而定。
例如,两个数据项中存储的数据的数据类型为数值型,则两个数据项之间的差异可以是两个数据项中的数值的差或差的绝对值。数据项中的数据为实数和其对应单位的数据都可以视为数值型数据。在计算两个数值型数据的差值之前,可以先统一单位。在计算两个数值型数据的差值的过程中,可以不考虑单位,直接计算数值本身之间的差值。
又如,两个数据项中存储的数据的数据类型为时间,则两个数据项之间的差异可以是两个数据项中的时间的时间差。该时间差可以精确到秒、分钟、小时或天中的任意一种。
又如,两个数据项中存储的数据的数据类型为长度固定的字符串,则可以将两个数据项中的字符串的二进制表示看成是整数,然后利用上文提及的数值型数据的差异计算方式计算该两个数据项的差异。
又如,两个数据项中存储的数据的数据类型为长度不固定的字符串,则可以先定义字符串的目标长度,当某个数据项中的字符串的长度比该目标长度短时,可以在该字符串后面补二进制的0字节(0x00),使其达到目标长度;当某个数据项中的字符串的长度比该目标长度长时,可以舍弃该字符串的部分末尾字符,使其达到目标长度。然后,可以利用上文提及的长度固定的字符串类型的差异计算方式计算两个数据项的差异。
步骤S310中的目标记录的选取方式可以有多种。
可选地,作为一种可能的实现方式,可以根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从当前列表中选取目标记录,使得目标记录的数量小于或等于第一预设阈值。
第一预设阈值可以是允许传输的记录的最大条数(如1000条)。第一预设阈值可以根据经验或实际情况设定。例如,可以根据以下因素中的一种或多种设定第一预设阈值:发送端和接收端之间的网络状态,传输过程所需的 流量成本等。可选地,在某些实施例中,第一预设阈值的取值可以根据实际情况灵活调整。如果当前列表中的记录的条数小于第一预设阈值,可以将当前列表全部传输至接收端。
通过设置上述最大阈值,无论当前列表中的记录的数量很大还是很小,收发两端需要传输的数据量基本保持稳定(维持在第一预设阈值以下)。
可选地,作为另一种可能的实现方式,可以根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从当前列表中选取目标记录,使得目标记录的数据量小于或等于第二预设阈值(或者使得目标记录的数据量在预设范围内)。
与前一实现方式不同,本实现方式从数据量的角度控制待传输的目标记录的数量,能够更好地保证收发两端传输的数据量的稳定(维持在第二预设阈值以下)。
上文提及的第一预设阈值和第二预设阈值还可以根据当前列表的更新频率确定。例如,可以根据当前列表的更新频率,计算出用户在前后两次更新过程能够处理的记录数量或数据量,从而确定第一预设阈值和第二预设阈值的取值。例如,假设当前列表的更新频率为15秒,用户在15秒一般能够处理20条记录,则可以将第一预设阈值定义为20;又如,假设当前列表的更新频率为45秒,用户在45秒一般能够处理100k数据量对应的记录,则可以将第二预设阈值定义为100k。
目标记录可以是当前列表中的与历史列表中的对应记录相比差异较大的记录,差异较小的记录,或者差异满足其他预设条件的记录,如在连续几次传输过程中差异反复波动的记录,本公开实施例对此并不限定。作为一个例子,目标记录为当前列表中的部分记录,当前列表还包括除部分记录之外的剩余记录,且部分记录与历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最小值大于或等于剩余记录与历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最大值。与剩余记录相比,目标记录与历史列表中的对应记录的差异较大,因此,目标记录可能更能引起用户的注意。向接收端传输目标记录,而不传输剩余记录,可以降低待传输的数据量,且可能不会影响传输质量。
目标记录除了可以包括当前列表中的与历史列表具有对应关系的记录(这样的记录可以称为更新记录),还可以包括相对历史列表新增的记录,和 /或相对历史列表被删除的记录。新增的记录指的是当前列表中包含的记录,但该记录未包含在历史列表中。被删除的记录指的是当前列表中未包含的记录,但该记录存在于历史列表中。
在选取目标记录时,也可以将上述新增的记录和/或被删除的记录考虑在内,使得即使包含大量的新增记录和/或被删除的记录,收发两端待传输的数据量也可以基本保持稳定。例如,第一预设阈值可以是更新记录、新增记录和删除记录的总条数。接收端接收到目标记录中的更新记录之后,可以利用更新记录替换历史列表中的对应记录。接收端接收到新增记录之后,可以将新增记录插入到本地记录中。接收端接收到删除记录之后,可以将历史列表中的对应记录删除。更新记录或删除记录与历史列表中的对应记录均可以基于记录的主字段进行查找。
可选地,待传输的被删除的记录可以仅包含主字段,以降低待传输的数据量。
为了方便目标记录的选取,可以先根据当前列表与历史列表的对应记录的差异,按照差异由大到小或由小到大的顺序对当前列表进行排序。
可选地,在某些实施例中,目标记录可以包括删除了特定数据项的第一记录,其中第一记录与历史列表中的对应记录的特定数据项的取值相同。第一记录与历史列表中的与第一记录对应的记录的特定数据项的取值相同,代表第一记录中的该特定数据项未被更新,则可以不传输该特定数据项,使得目标记录可以容纳更多的信息量。接收端在收到第一记录之后,如果判断第一记录缺少特定数据项,则默认该特定数据项中的数值没有更新,无需对其进行替换。
可选地,发送端可以利用目标记录对本地保存的历史列表进行更新,以便下次传输时使用。这样一来,如果当前列表中的某条记录没有被选入目标记录,则该记录下次被选入目标记录的概率就会增大,从而使得各个记录被传输的概率不至偏差过大。
可选地,在接收端传输目标记录之前,可以先对目标记录进行压缩(采用通用压缩方式),以降低目标记录的数据量。
待传输的列表信息中经常包含大量的时间记录。以表一为例,设备列表 中的设备号与提交时间构成各个被检测设备的时间记录,如下:
(2018-05-10 11:21:42,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:01,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:01,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:23,4560)
其中,“1568”,“1329”,“3421”,“4560”为不同设备的设备号;“2018-05-10 11:21:42”,“2018-05-10 11:22:01”,“2018-05-10 11:20:01”,“2018-05-10 11:20:23”分别为上述设备对应的时间(运行状态的更新时间)。
时间记录的形式有多种,以上仅是一个举例。常见的时间记录通常包括两个基本元素:时间以及该时间所属对象的对象标识符。时间记录中的时间和对象标识符的含义会随着应用场合的不同而有所不同,本公开实施例对此并不限定。例如,在设备运行状态的监控系统中,时间记录中的时间可以指被监控的设备的运行状态的更新时间,时间记录中的对象标识符可以指被监控设备的设备号。
在上述示例中,时间记录(2018-05-10 11:22:33,1568)中的“1568”即为该时间记录的对象标识符,“2018-05-10 11:22:33”即为该对象标识符对应的时间。
假设设备列表的更新频率为15秒,则服务器103每天会产生大量的时间记录,则成千上万条的时间记录的传输会占用大量的网络资源。
对于列表信息中的时间记录和其他记录,可以分开处理,其他记录可以直接发送至接收端(或者采用其他方式进行压缩后发送至接收端),时间记录可以采用下文中的图5-图9描述的方式进行压缩后,再传输至接收端。
如图5所示,在步骤S320,将当前列表中的多条原始时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录。其中,多条原始时间记录中的不同对象标识符对应不同时间,目标时间记录中的各个对象标识符对应同一时间。步骤S330中传输的网页的列表信息可以包括经步骤S320处理后得到的该目标时间记录。
由于多条原始时间记录中的对象标识符对应不同的时间,因此,采用相关技术对该多条原始时间记录压缩的效果有限。本公开实施例相当于修改了 多条原始记录中的部分或全部原始记录中的时间,使得修改后的时间记录中的时间变成同一时间,从而可以将这些修改后的时间记录合并在一起,形成一条目标时间记录。本公开试实施例可以有效降低时间记录的传输过程对网络资源(如网络带宽)或数据流量的消耗,使得时间记录能够快速、准确地传输至接收端。
在一些实施例中,原始时间记录可以为单对象时间记录(即原始时间记录可以包括一个对象标识符),合并后的目标时间记录可以为多对象时间记录(即目标时间记录可以包括多个对象标识符)。
目标时间记录中的对象标识符可以是该多条原始时间记录中的对象标识符,也可以是能够索引到该多条原始时间记录中的对象标识符的其他对象标识符,本公开实施例对此并不限定。
举例说明,假设多条原始时间记录为相对历史时间记录被更新的时间记录,则目标时间记录中的对象标识符可以是该多条原始时间记录的对象标识符,也可以是相对历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录的对象标识符。例如,当相对历史时间记录被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量大于相对历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量时,可以将目标时间记录中的对象标识符设置为相对历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符。由于相对历史时间记录被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量大于相对历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量,在目标时间记录中记录相对历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符,既可以通过反算的方式索引到相对历史时间记录被更新的时间记录的对象标识符,也可以降低时间记录的数据量。这里提及的历史时间记录可以是之前已经获取到的时间记录,或者之前已经发送至接收端的时间记录。例如,历史时间记录可以是前一次发送给接收端的时间记录。
步骤S320的实现方式可以有多种,本公开实施例对此并不限定。作为一个示例,可以从多条原始时间记录中选取一条时间记录,并以选取出的时间记录的时间为基准时间,将该多条原始时间记录中的其余原始时间记录的时间均调整成该基准时间。
作为另一个示例,如图6所示,可以利用步骤S322-S324将该多条原始 时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录。
在步骤S322,对多条原始时间记录的时间精度进行调整,得到对应时间相同的多条中间时间记录。
原始时间记录的时间精度可以为第一时间精度,中间时间记录的时间精度可以为第二时间精度。其中,第二时间精度小于第一时间精度。
本公开实施例对第二时间精度的设置方式不做限定。例如,第一时间精度为“1秒”,则可以将第二时间精度设置为“1分钟”或“30秒”。
可选地,在一些实施例中,假设原始时间记录是按照一定周期更新的时间记录,则第二时间精度对应的时长可以设置为大于原始时间记录的更新周期。
第二时间精度对应的时长大于原始时间记录的更新周期时,经过精度调整后得到的中间时间记录要么与更新前的时间记录保持不变,要么被调整至同一时间,从而使得大部分甚至全部中间时间记录可以被合并至一条目标时间记录,很大程度地降低时间记录的数据量。
例如,假设原始时间记录每隔40秒更新一次,如果第二时间精度大于40秒(比如为1分钟),则调整后的中间时间记录的时间与更新前的时间记录相比要么保持不变,要么被调整至下一分钟。
该调整可以是按照第二时间精度对原始时间记录的时间进行舍入处理,或者,可以是按照第二时间精度对原始时间记录的时间进行只舍不如处理,或者,可以是按照第二时间精度对原始时间记录的时间进行只入不舍处理,本公开实施例对此并不限定。
在步骤S324中,将多条中间时间记录合并成目标时间记录。
举例说明,假设待处理的原始时间记录包括如下时间记录:
(2018-05-10 11:21:42,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:01,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:01,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:23,4560)
上述待处理的原始时间记录的时间精度为“秒”(对应于上文提及的第一时间精度),为了使得更多的时间记录可以合并在一起,可以对原始时间记录的时间精度进行舍入处理,使得所有时间记录的时间精度保留至“分钟”(对应于上文提及的第二时间精度),得到如下中间时间记录:
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,4560)
上述中间时间记录中,前两条中间时间记录对应同一时间“2018-05-10 11:22:00”,后两条中间时间记录对应同一时间“2018-05-10 11:20:00”。
接着,可以将对应时间相同的中间时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录,得到如下两条目标时间记录:
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,{1329,1568});
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,{3421,4560})。
本公开实施例能够降低时间记录的数据量,从而减轻时间记录对存储资源的消耗。
在通过网络传输时间记录的场景中,如果时间记录会实时更新,发送端通常会先将初始的时间记录传输至接收端,这一过程可以称为时间记录的首次传输。然后,当时间记录被更新时,发送端会将更新后的时间记录再次传输至接收端,这一过程可以称为时间记录的再次传输或更新传输。前文中的图2以设备列表为例,给出时间记录的首次传输和再次传输的一个示例,详细描述可以参见前文。
无论是时间记录的首次传输,还是时间记录的再次传输,都可以按照图4所示的方式进行。对于再次传输,发送端可以按照与首次传输相同的方式传输,即向接收端传输完整的时间记录。或者,发送端可以向接收端传输相对历史时间记录被更新的时间记录,而不传输相对历史列表未被更新的时间记录。此外,发送端还可以向接收端传输新增的时间记录和被删除的时间记录中的一种或多种。
可选地,向接收端传输的被删除的时间记录可以包括对象标识符,而不包括时间,以降低待传输的数据量。
下面结合图7,对时间记录的首次传输过程进行更为详细的举例说明。其中,图7的步骤由发送端执行。
在步骤S702,对待传输的原始时间记录中的时间进行舍入处理。
例如,假设接收端可接受的时间误差为一分钟,则可以对原始时间记录中的时间的秒数进行舍入处理,保留到分钟这一精度级别。或者,如果接收端可接受的时间误差为30秒,则可以对原始时间记录中的时间的秒数进行舍入处理,保留到30秒这一精度级别。
假设待传输的原始时间记录如下:
(2018-05-10 11:21:42,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:01,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:01,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:23,4560)
将原始时间记录中的时间保留至分钟这一精度级别之后,得到中间时间记录:
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,4560)
在步骤S704,将时间相同的中间时间记录合并,得到一条或多条目标时间记录。
例如,假设中间时间记录如下:
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,4560)
(2018-05-10 11:30:00,2356)
则合并后得到的目标时间记录如下:
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,{1329,1568})
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,{3421,4560})
(2018-05-10 11:30:00,2356)
在步骤S706,将目标时间记录发送给接收端。可以看出,与待传输的原始时间记录相比,传输目标时间记录使得待传输的时间记录的数据量被很大程度地缩减了。
对于接收端而言,将包含多个对象标识符的目标时间记录还原成单对象的时间记录即可。
下面结合图8至图9,对时间记录的再次传输过程进行更为详细的举例说明。其中,图8的流程由发送端执行,图9的流程由接收端执行。
在步骤S802,对待传输的原始时间记录进行舍入处理。
假设待传输的原始时间记录为:
(2018-05-10 11:23:15,340)
(2018-05-10 11:23:21,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:57,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:03,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:23:09,4560)
可以将待传输的原始时间记录进行舍入处理,使得这些时间记录中的时间精确到分钟,得到:
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,340)
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,4560)。
在步骤S804,将舍入处理后的时间记录分成A、B、C和D共4组。
A:相对历史时间记录新增的时间记录;
B:相对历史时间记录被删除的时间记录;
C:相对历史时间记录被更新的时间记录;
D:相对历史时间记录未更新的时间记录。
在本示例中,历史时间记录指的是前一次传输的时间记录,但本公开实施例不限于此,发送端可以将之前传输的任意一次时间记录作为历史时间记录,只要收发两端预先协商好即可。
假设历史时间记录为:
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,4560)
(2018-05-10 11:30:00,2356)
对比历史时间记录和经过步骤S802得到的舍入处理的时间记录,可以得到如下四组时间记录:
A=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,340);
B=(2018-05-10 11:30:00,2356);
C=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1568),(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1329),(2018-05-10 11:23:00,4560);
D=(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)。
在步骤S806,提取B中的时间记录的所有对象标识符组成B’。B’例如可以采用“-{b1,b2,b3,...}”的形式表示,其中b1、b2、b3为对象标识符, “-”表示删除。这种表示方式省略了被删除的时间记录的时间的传输,可以降低待传输的时间记录的数据量。
例如,按照步骤S806对B=(2018-05-10 11:30:00,2356)处理,可以得到B’=-{2356}。
在步骤S808,对A和C的时间记录按照图7所示的步骤进行处理,得到A’和C’。
例如,按照步骤S808对A=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,340)和C=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1568),(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1329),(2018-05-10 11:23:00,4560)处理,可以得到:
A’=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,340)。
C’=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,{1568,1329,4560})。
在步骤S810,若C’包含一条时间记录,则跳到步骤S812。若C’包含多条时间记录跳到步骤S820。
例如,C’=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,{1568,1329,4560}),其包含一条时间记录,接下来跳转到步骤S812。
在步骤S812,提取C’中时间记录中的时间,记为T;并提取该时间记录包含的对象标识符,记为O1。
例如,C’=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,{1568,1329,4560}),执行步骤S812之后,得到如下结果:
T=2018-05-10 11:23:00;
O1={1568,1329,4560}。
在步骤S814,提取D中的时间记录所包含的对象标识符,记为O2。
例如,D=(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421),则经过步骤S814之后,得到:O2={3421}。
在步骤S816,通过比较O1和O2中的对象标识符的数量生成目标时间记录。若O1中的对象标识符的数量少于O2中的对象标识符的数量,则生成一条目标时间记录R=(T,O1);否则,生成目标时间记录R=(T,-O2)。
例如,对比O2={3421}和O1={1568,1329,4560}可知,O2中的对象标识符的数量小于O1中的对象标识符的数量,则经过步骤S816得到的目标时间记录R=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,-{3421})。
在步骤S818,将A’、B’、和R传输至接收端。
因此,经过步骤S818,发送端向接收端传输如下时间记录:
A’=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,340);
B’=-{2356};
R=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,-{3421})。
在步骤S820,将A’、B’和C’传输至接收端。
图9示出的是再次传输过程中的接收端的处理流程。
在步骤S902,若接受到B’,则将其包含的对象标识符对应的时间记录从历史时间记录中移除。
例如,假设前一次传输得到的时间记录(即历史时间记录)为:
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,4560)
(2018-05-10 11:30:00,2356)
本次接收到的时间记录如下:
A’=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,340);
B’=-{2356};
R=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,-{3421})。
经过步骤S902,可以将(2018-05-10 11:30:00,2356)从时间记录中移除,剩余的时间记录如下:
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:22:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,4560)。
在步骤S904,若接收到R,且R=(T,O1),则将O1包含的对象标识符对应的时间记录中的时间设为T。
在步骤S906,若接收到R,且R=(T,-O2),则将对象标识符不在O2内的时间记录的时间设为T。
例如,R=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,-{3421})的格式符合R=(T,-O2),因此,执行步骤S906,将历史时间记录中的对象标识符不为“3421”的时间记录的时间均设为“2018-05-10 11:23:00”,得到如下结果:
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,4560)
在步骤S908,若接收到C’,则将C’中的多对象时间记录展开为单对象时间记录,并更新到历史时间记录的对应位置。
在步骤S910,若接收到A’,则将A’中的多对象时间记录展开为单对象时间记录,并更新到目前已有的时间记录的对应位置。
例如,可以将A’=(2018-05-10 11:23:00,340)加入目前已有的时间记录中,得到如下结果:
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1568)
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,1329)
(2018-05-10 11:20:00,3421)
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,4560)
(2018-05-10 11:23:00,340)。
上文主要采用“年-月-日小时:分钟:秒”的方式表示时间,并采用阿拉伯数 字表示对象标识符,但本公开实施例不限于此。
例如,可以采用时间的数字表示法表示时间,如采用unix时间戳的方式表示时间。或者,可以采用二进制表示时间和对象标识符。
本公开实施例对时间记录的数据量进行了压缩,得到目标时间记录。在某些实施例中,还可以采用通用的压缩算法对目标时间记录再进行压缩,以更大程度地降低时间记录的数据量。
上文结合图1至图9,详细描述了本公开的方法实施例,下面结合图10至图12,详细描述本公开的装置实施例。方法实施例的描述与装置实施例的描述相互对应,因此,未详细描述的部分可以参见前面方法实施例。
图10是本公开实施例提供的传输列表信息的装置的结构示意图。该装置1000可以执行上文中的由发送端执行的动作。如图10所示,该装置1000包括传输模块1010,配置为利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息。
可选地,所述传输模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端分批发送属于同一网页的所述列表信息。
可选地,所述传输模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端主动推送所述列表信息。
可选地,所述装置1000还可包括:选取模块,配置为在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,其中所述列表信息包括所述目标记录。
可选地,所述选取模块配置为根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数量小于或等于第一预设阈值。
可选地,所述选取模块配置为根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数据量小于或等于第二预设阈值。
可选地,所述目标记录包括删除了特定数据项的第一记录,其中所述第一记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述特定数据项的取值相同。
可选地,所述目标记录为所述当前列表中的部分记录,所述当前列表还包括除所述部分记录之外的剩余记录,且所述部分记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最小值大于或等于所述剩余记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最大值。
可选地,所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的差异是基于所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的目标数据项的差值确定的。
可选地,所述目标数据项包括多个数据项,所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异为所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述多个数据项的差值的加权和。
可选地,所述目标记录包括相对所述历史列表新增的记录和/或被删除的记录。
可选地,所述目标记录中的所述被删除的记录仅包含主字段。
可选地,所述装置1000还可包括:合并模块,配置为在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,将当前列表中的多条原始时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录,其中,所述多条原始时间记录中的不同对象标识符对应不同时间,所述目标时间记录中的各个对象标识符对应同一时间,所述列表信息包括所述目标时间记录。
可选地,所述合并模块配置为对所述多条原始时间记录的时间精度进行调整,得到对应时间相同的多条中间时间记录,所述原始时间记录的时间精度为第一时间精度,所述中间时间记录的时间精度为第二时间精度,其中所述第二时间精度小于所述第一时间精度;将所述多条中间时间记录合并成所述目标时间记录。
可选地,所述合并模块配置为按照所述第二时间精度,对所述多条原始时间记录中的时间进行舍入处理,得到所述多条中间时间记录。
可选地,所述第二时间精度对应的时长大于所述原始时间记录的更新周期。
可选地,所述多条原始时间记录为所述当前列表相对历史列表被更新的时间记录,所述目标时间记录中的对象标识符为所述当前列表相对所述历史 列表未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符,其中相对所述历史时间记录被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量大于相对所述历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量。
可选地,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
图11是本公开另一实施例提供的传输列表信息的装置的结构示意图。该装置1100可以执行上文中的由接收端执行的动作。该装置1100可以包括接收模块1110,配置为利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息。
可选地,所述接收模块1110配置为利用所述双向通信协议从所述发送端分批接收属于同一网页的所述列表信息;所述装置1100还可包括:显示模块,配置为根据所述列表信息的接收顺序,以追加显示的方式将所述列表信息显示至所述同一页面。
可选地,所述接收模块1110配置为利用所述双向通信协议接收所述发送端主动推送的所述列表信息。
可选地,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
本公开实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令设置为执行上述传输列表信息的方法。
本公开实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品,所述计算机程序产品包括存储在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括程序指令,当所述程序指令被计算机执行时,使所述计算机执行上述传输列表信息的方法。
上述的计算机可读存储介质可以是暂态计算机可读存储介质,也可以是非暂态计算机可读存储介质。
本公开实施例还提供了一种电子设备,其结构如图12所示,该电子设备可用于执行上文中的由发送端和/或接收端执行的动作。该电子设备包括:
至少一个处理器(processor)1210,图12中以一个处理器1210为例;和存储器(memory)1220,还可以包括通信接口(Communication Interface)1230和总线1240。其中,处理器1210、通信接口1230、存储器1220可以通过总线1240完成相互间的通信。通信接口1230可以用于信息传输。处理器 1210可以调用存储器1220中的逻辑指令,以执行上述实施例的传输记录的方法。
此外,上述的存储器1220中的逻辑指令可以通过软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。
存储器1220作为一种计算机可读存储介质,可用于存储软件程序、计算机可执行程序,如本公开实施例中的方法对应的程序指令/模块。处理器1210通过运行存储在存储器1220中的软件程序、指令以及模块,从而执行功能应用以及数据处理,即实现上述方法实施例中的传输列表信息的方法。
存储器1220可包括存储程序区和存储数据区,其中,存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序;存储数据区可存储根据终端设备的使用所创建的数据等。此外,存储器1220可以包括高速随机存取存储器,还可以包括非易失性存储器。
在一些实施例中,上文提及的当前列表可以是设备列表。该设备列表可以是“数字凭证”的处理设备。当所述数字凭证与数字货币相关或体现为数字货币时,所述数字凭证处理设备可以是数字货币挖矿机,所述数字货币可以是比特币等加密货币。
本公开实施例的技术方案可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括一个或多个指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本公开实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质可以是非暂态存储介质,包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等多种可以存储程序代码的介质,也可以是暂态存储介质。
当用于本申请中时,虽然术语“第一”、“第二”等可能会在本申请中使用以描述各元件,但这些元件不应受到这些术语的限制。这些术语仅用于将一个元件与另一个元件区别开。比如,在不改变描述的含义的情况下,第一元件可以叫做第二元件,并且同样第,第二元件可以叫做第一元件,只要所有出现的“第一元件”一致重命名并且所有出现的“第二元件”一致重命名 即可。第一元件和第二元件都是元件,但可以不是相同的元件。
本申请中使用的用词仅用于描述实施例并且不用于限制权利要求。如在实施例以及权利要求的描述中使用的,除非上下文清楚地表明,否则单数形式的“一个”(a)、“一个”(an)和“所述”(the)旨在同样包括复数形式。类似地,如在本申请中所使用的术语“和/或”是指包含一个或一个以上相关联的列出的任何以及所有可能的组合。另外,当用于本申请中时,术语“包括”(comprise)及其变型“包括”(comprises)和/或包括(comprising)等指陈述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素,和/或组件的存在,但不排除一个或一个以上其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或这些的分组的存在或添加。
所描述的实施例中的各方面、实施方式、实现或特征能够单独使用或以任意组合的方式使用。所描述的实施例中的各方面可由软件、硬件或软硬件的结合实现。所描述的实施例也可以由存储有计算机可读代码的计算机可读介质体现,该计算机可读代码包括可由至少一个计算装置执行的指令。所述计算机可读介质可与任何能够存储数据的数据存储装置相关联,该数据可由计算机系统读取。用于举例的计算机可读介质可以包括只读存储器、随机存取存储器、CD-ROM、HDD、DVD、磁带以及光数据存储装置等。所述计算机可读介质还可以分布于通过网络联接的计算机系统中,这样计算机可读代码就可以分布式存储并执行。
上述技术描述可参照附图,这些附图形成了本申请的一部分,并且通过描述在附图中示出了依照所描述的实施例的实施方式。虽然这些实施例描述的足够详细以使本领域技术人员能够实现这些实施例,但这些实施例是非限制性的;这样就可以使用其它的实施例,并且在不脱离所描述的实施例的范围的情况下还可以做出变化。比如,流程图中所描述的操作顺序是非限制性的,因此在流程图中阐释并且根据流程图描述的两个或两个以上操作的顺序可以根据若干实施例进行改变。作为另一个例子,在若干实施例中,在流程图中阐释并且根据流程图描述的一个或一个以上操作是可选的,或是可删除的。另外,某些步骤或功能可以添加到所公开的实施例中,或两个以上的步骤顺序被置换。所有这些变化被认为包含在所公开的实施例以及权利要求中。
另外,上述技术描述中使用术语以提供所描述的实施例的透彻理解。然而,并不需要过于详细的细节以实现所描述的实施例。因此,实施例的上述描述是为了阐释和描述而呈现的。上述描述中所呈现的实施例以及根据这些实施例所公开的例子是单独提供的,以添加上下文并有助于理解所描述的实施例。上述说明书不用于做到无遗漏或将所描述的实施例限制到本公开的精确形式。根据上述教导,若干修改、选择适用以及变化是可行的。在某些情况下,没有详细描述为人所熟知的处理步骤以避免不必要地影响所描述的实施例。
Claims (50)
- 一种传输列表信息的方法,其特征在于,包括:利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息,包括:利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端分批发送属于同一网页的所述列表信息。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息,包括:利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端主动推送所述列表信息。
- 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,所述方法还包括:根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,其中所述列表信息包括所述目标记录。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,包括:根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数量小于或等于第一预设阈值。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,包括:根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数据量小于或等于第二预设阈值。
- 根据权利要求4-6中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述目标记录包括删除了特定数据项的第一记录,其中所述第一记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述特定数据项的取值相同。
- 根据权利要求4-7中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述目标记录为所述当前列表中的部分记录,所述当前列表还包括除所述部分记录之外的 剩余记录,且所述部分记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最小值大于或等于所述剩余记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最大值。
- 根据权利要求4-8中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的差异是基于所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的目标数据项的差值确定的。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述目标数据项包括多个数据项,所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异为所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述多个数据项的差值的加权和。
- 根据权利要求4-10中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述目标记录包括相对所述历史列表新增的记录和/或被删除的记录。
- 根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,所述目标记录中的所述被删除的记录仅包含主字段。
- 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,所述方法还包括:将当前列表中的多条原始时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录,其中,所述多条原始时间记录中的不同对象标识符对应不同时间,所述目标时间记录中的各个对象标识符对应同一时间,所述列表信息包括所述目标时间记录。
- 根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,所述将当前列表中的多条原始时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录,包括:对所述多条原始时间记录的时间精度进行调整,得到对应时间相同的多条中间时间记录,所述原始时间记录的时间精度为第一时间精度,所述中间时间记录的时间精度为第二时间精度,其中所述第二时间精度小于所述第一时间精度;将所述多条中间时间记录合并成所述目标时间记录。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述对所述多条原始时间记录的时间精度进行调整,得到对应时间相同的多条中间时间记录,包括:按照所述第二时间精度,对所述多条原始时间记录中的时间进行舍入处理,得到所述多条中间时间记录。
- 根据权利要求14或15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二时间精度对应的时长大于所述原始时间记录的更新周期。
- 根据权利要求13-16中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述多条原始时间记录为所述当前列表相对历史列表被更新的时间记录,所述目标时间记录中的对象标识符为所述当前列表相对所述历史列表未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符,其中相对所述历史时间记录被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量大于相对所述历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量。
- 根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
- 一种传输列表信息的方法,其特征在于,包括:利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息。
- 根据权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于,所述利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息,包括:利用所述双向通信协议从所述发送端分批接收属于同一网页的所述列表信息;所述方法还包括:根据所述列表信息的接收顺序,以追加显示的方式将所述列表信息显示至所述同一页面。
- 根据权利要求19或20所述的方法,其特征在于,所述利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息,包括:利用所述双向通信协议接收所述发送端主动推送的所述列表信息。
- 根据权利要求19-21中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
- 一种传输列表信息的装置,其特征在于,包括:传输模块,配置为利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息。
- 根据权利要求23所述的装置,其特征在于,所述传输模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端分批发送属于同一网页的所述列表信息。
- 根据权利要求23或24所述的装置,其特征在于,所述传输模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议向所述接收端主动推送所述列表信息。
- 根据权利要求23-25中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:选取模块,配置为在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,根据当前列表与历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取目标记录,其中所述列表信息包括所述目标记录。
- 根据权利要求26所述的装置,其特征在于,所述选取模块配置为根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数量小于或等于第一预设阈值。
- 根据权利要求26所述的装置,其特征在于,所述选取模块配置为根据所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异,从所述当前列表中选取所述目标记录,使得所述目标记录的数据量小于或等于第二预设阈值。
- 根据权利要求26-28中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述目标记录包括删除了特定数据项的第一记录,其中所述第一记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述特定数据项的取值相同。
- 根据权利要求26-29中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述目标记录为所述当前列表中的部分记录,所述当前列表还包括除所述部分记录之外的剩余记录,且所述部分记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最小值大于或等于所述剩余记录与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异的最大值。
- 根据权利要求26-30中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的差异是基于所述当前列表与所述历史列表的对应记录的目标数据项的差值确定的。
- 根据权利要求31所述的装置,其特征在于,所述目标数据项包括多个数据项,所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的差异为所述当前列表与所述历史列表中的对应记录的所述多个数据项的差值的加权和。
- 根据权利要求26-32中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述目标记录包括相对所述历史列表新增的记录和/或被删除的记录。
- 根据权利要求33所述的装置,其特征在于,所述目标记录中的所述 被删除的记录仅包含主字段。
- 根据权利要求23-34中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:合并模块,配置为在所述利用双向通信协议向接收端发送网页的列表信息之前,将当前列表中的多条原始时间记录合并成一条目标时间记录,其中,所述多条原始时间记录中的不同对象标识符对应不同时间,所述目标时间记录中的各个对象标识符对应同一时间,所述列表信息包括所述目标时间记录。
- 根据权利要求35所述的装置,其特征在于,所述合并模块配置为对所述多条原始时间记录的时间精度进行调整,得到对应时间相同的多条中间时间记录,所述原始时间记录的时间精度为第一时间精度,所述中间时间记录的时间精度为第二时间精度,其中所述第二时间精度小于所述第一时间精度;将所述多条中间时间记录合并成所述目标时间记录。
- 根据权利要求36所述的装置,其特征在于,所述合并模块配置为按照所述第二时间精度,对所述多条原始时间记录中的时间进行舍入处理,得到所述多条中间时间记录。
- 根据权利要求36或37所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第二时间精度对应的时长大于所述原始时间记录的更新周期。
- 根据权利要求35-38中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述多条原始时间记录为所述当前列表相对历史列表被更新的时间记录,所述目标时间记录中的对象标识符为所述当前列表相对所述历史列表未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符,其中相对所述历史时间记录被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量大于相对所述历史时间记录未被更新的时间记录中的对象标识符的数量。
- 根据权利要求23-39中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
- 一种电子设备,其特征在于,包括:至少一个处理器;以及与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器;其中,所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行时,使所述至少一个处理器执行权利要求1-18任一项所述的方法。
- 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令设置为执行权利要求1-18任一项所述的方法。
- 一种计算机程序产品,其特征在于,所述计算机程序产品包括存储在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括程序指令,当所述程序指令被计算机执行时,使所述计算机执行权利要求1-18任一项所述的方法。
- 一种传输列表信息的装置,其特征在于,包括:接收模块,配置为利用双向通信协议从发送端接收网页的列表信息。
- 根据权利要求44所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接收模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议从所述发送端分批接收属于同一网页的所述列表信息;所述装置还包括:显示模块,配置为根据所述列表信息的接收顺序,以追加显示的方式将所述列表信息显示至所述同一页面。
- 根据权利要求44或45所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接收模块配置为利用所述双向通信协议接收所述发送端主动推送的所述列表信息。
- 根据权利要求44-46中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述双向通信协议为websocket协议。
- 一种电子设备,其特征在于,包括:至少一个处理器;以及与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器;其中,所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令,所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行时,使所述至少一个处理器执行权利要求19-22任一项所述的方法。
- 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令设置为执行权利要求19-22任一项所述的方法。
- 一种计算机程序产品,其特征在于,所述计算机程序产品包括存储在计算机可读存储介质上的计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括程序指令,当所述程序指令被计算机执行时,使所述计算机执行权利要求19-22任一项所述的方法。
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