WO2020103420A1 - 一种数据传输方法、接收方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种数据传输方法、接收方法、装置及系统

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Publication number
WO2020103420A1
WO2020103420A1 PCT/CN2019/089410 CN2019089410W WO2020103420A1 WO 2020103420 A1 WO2020103420 A1 WO 2020103420A1 CN 2019089410 W CN2019089410 W CN 2019089410W WO 2020103420 A1 WO2020103420 A1 WO 2020103420A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
accompanied
channel
transmission
accompanying
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/089410
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李凤华
房梁
郭云川
单芳芳
Original Assignee
中国科学院信息工程研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国科学院信息工程研究所 filed Critical 中国科学院信息工程研究所
Publication of WO2020103420A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020103420A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/06—Notations for structuring of protocol data, e.g. abstract syntax notation one [ASN.1]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0083—Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/009—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location arrangements specific to transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0091—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location arrangements specific to receivers, e.g. format detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of information network technology, and in particular, to a data transmission method, a reception method, a device, and a system.
  • routing based on summary vector accompanying information also uses an accompanying mechanism to reduce control message redundancy, reduce overhead, and increase throughput, but this method is suitable for the pathfinding process and cannot transmit application layer data.
  • the current data transmission at the application layer still requires independent interaction.
  • existing solutions mainly use technologies such as onion routing and traffic confusion. This method requires additional computing resources and bandwidth resources, and the service quality is low.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, including:
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission device, including a data acquisition unit, a channel selection unit, and a package transmission unit;
  • the data acquisition unit is used to acquire the data to be accompanied;
  • the channel selection unit is used to select an accompanying channel based on the data to be accompanied;
  • the encapsulation sending unit is used to encapsulate the data to be accompanied and the original data payload of the accompanying channel into a message, and send the message to the receiving end through the accompanying channel, so that the receiving end can extract the data to be accompanied from the message.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data receiving apparatus, including a message receiving unit and a data extraction unit;
  • the message receiving unit is used to receive the message sent by the sending end through the accompanying channel;
  • the data extraction unit is used to extract the data to be accompanied from the message; wherein, the message is formed by the sender encapsulating the data to be accompanied with the original data payload of the accompanying channel, and the accompanying channel is selected by the sender based on the data to be accompanied.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission system, including a sending end and a receiving end;
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a bus.
  • the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the bus.
  • the processor can call logic in the memory. Instructions to perform the steps of the method as provided in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the sending end encapsulates the data to be accompanied and the original data payload into a message and sends it through the accompanying channel
  • the receiving end encapsulates the data to be accompanied and the original data by receiving The payload message and extract the data to be accompanied from it.
  • the data to be accompanied and the original data load can be obtained at the same time, which provides a method for the accompanying transmission of application layer data.
  • the transmission of accompanying data does not need to be independent.
  • the transmission signaling does not require additional interaction between the sending end and the receiving end, and does not need to allocate additional transmission resources, which can effectively improve the transmission rate and improve the network transmission performance;
  • the second aspect can resist traffic analysis to achieve the effect of covert transmission
  • the third aspect can prevent the blocking of accompanying data and protect the reliable transmission of important accompanying data.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a packet structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a packet structure provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data receiving method according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a message structure provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to still another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device according to an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a data receiving device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the method is executed by a sending end for data transmission.
  • the sending end It may be a mobile terminal, satellite or ground equipment / system, etc., such as equipment and / or equipment in the gateway station, hometown user service center (HSS), authentication center, data collection center, key management center, reconstruction management center, and collection center Systems, etc.
  • the data transmission method includes:
  • the companion channel is a transmission channel through which the sender can transmit the data to be accompanied to the receiver. If there is only one transmission channel in the sending end, the transmission channel is used as a companion channel. If there are multiple transmission channels in the sending end, one transmission channel can be selected from the multiple transmission channels to meet the needs of the accompanying data.
  • the accompanying channels are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the original data payload refers to data that originally needs to be transmitted through the companion channel.
  • the message is data information in a fixed format that encapsulates the original data payload and the data to be accompanied.
  • the sender encapsulates the original data payload and the data to be accompanied.
  • To form a message so that when the sender sends the message through the accompanying channel, the original data payload and the data to be accompanied are sent at the same time.
  • the receiving end can extract the original data payload and the data to be accompanied in the message based on the fixed format of the message.
  • the maximum number of bytes allowed to accompany the channel must be greater than the number of bytes in the message.
  • the receiving end may also be a mobile terminal, satellite equipment, satellite system, ground equipment and / or ground system, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • step 101 specifically includes:
  • each piece of data that needs to be accompanied is regarded as candidate data to be accompanied, and then a piece of data from the above candidate data to be accompanied is selected as the data accompanying this data transmission, that is to say Accompanying data.
  • several segments are one or more segments.
  • the basis for selecting the data to be accompanied includes but is not limited to: any one or more of the priority of each candidate to be accompanied by data, the number of bytes to be accompanied by each candidate to be accompanied data, that is, the basis may be
  • the priority may be the number of bytes to be accompanied, or a combination of the above two, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the priority refers to the priority level preset for the transmission of the candidate to-be-accompanied data. The higher the priority, the greater the probability that the corresponding candidate to-be-accompanied data is selected as the to-be-accompanied data.
  • the number of bytes to be accompanied refers to the number of bytes of the corresponding candidate data to be accompanied.
  • the candidate with the highest priority can be directly selected as the data to be accompanied; the candidate with the data to be accompanied can also be sorted according to the order of priority from the first byte Start to intercept the data of the number of preset accompanying bytes as the data to be accompanied; you can also randomly arrange the candidate data to be accompanied, and intercept the data of the predetermined number of bytes from the first byte as the data to be accompanied
  • the preset number of accompanying bytes is the maximum number of bytes of data to be accompanied preset by the sending end, and the preset number of accompanying bytes may be selected according to the average number of bytes that can be accompanied by the transmission channel. It may also be selected according to the actual application scenarios of the sending end and the receiving end, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • step 102 specifically includes:
  • the transmission channel refers to a transmission channel that can be used by the sending end to transmit data externally. If there are several transmission channels in the sending end, one transmission channel can be selected as a companion channel from the several transmission channels to meet the requirements of the accompanying data.
  • the transmission requirements of the data to be accompanied refer to the requirements that need to be met when the accompanying data is to be accompanied by the transmission.
  • the transmission channel can be used as a companion channel, or one of the transmission channels that meets the transmission requirements of the data to be accompanied can be randomly selected as a companion channel
  • the optimal transmission channel is selected as the accompanying channel based on the channel status of each transmission channel, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the transmission requirements of the data to be accompanied include, but are not limited to: the destination address to be accompanied, the number of bytes to be accompanied, the time interval to be accompanied, the requirements for security, the transmission delay requirement of the data to be accompanied, and the stability requirement of the data to be accompanied.
  • the channel status of the transmission channel includes but is not limited to: the channel destination address, the number of bytes that the channel can accompany, the time that can accompany, the security guarantee mechanism, the transmission delay of the channel, the channel stability Any one or more.
  • the destination address to be accompanied refers to the address to which the data to be accompanied needs to be transmitted
  • the channel destination address refers to the destination address to be transmitted by the sending end through the transmission channel.
  • the number of bytes to be accompanied refers to the number of bytes of data to be accompanied
  • the number of bytes that can be accompanied by a channel refers to the number of bytes of data that can be accompanied by the transmission channel.
  • the time interval to be accompanied refers to a time interval in which data transmission needs to be performed for data to be accompanied, and the time accompanying can refer to the time during which the transmission channel can transmit data to be accompanied.
  • the security assurance requirement refers to the requirements for the data transmission security mechanism to be accompanied by the data
  • the security assurance mechanism refers to the data transmission security mechanism set in the transmission channel.
  • the transmission delay requirement of the data to be accompanied refers to the delay that can be allowed when the data to be accompanied is transmitted
  • the channel transmission delay refers to the delay generated by the transmission channel during the transmission process.
  • the stability requirement of the data to be accompanied refers to the degree of stability required for the transmission channel when the data to be accompanied is transmitted
  • the channel stability refers to the degree of stability that the transmission channel can achieve.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application selects the companion channel according to the transmission requirements of the data to be accompanied and the channel status of the transmission channel, so that the data to be accompanied can realize stable and reliable companion transmission based on the companion channel.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a message structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the message includes but is not limited to: an original data header, an original data payload, an accompanying data header, and data to be accompanied Any one or more of;
  • the original data header includes at least one of source address, destination address, message length, and original data payload length, and the accompanying data header includes but is not limited to: accompanying data length, accompanying data fragmentation flag 3. Any one or more of the serial numbers accompanying the data packet, optionally including the message authentication code.
  • the source address is the sender address
  • the destination address is the receiver address
  • the message length is the sum of the original data header, the original data payload, the accompanying data header, and the number of bytes accompanying the data to be accompanied
  • the original data payload length is the original data
  • the number of payload bytes, the length of the accompanying data is the number of bytes of data to be accompanied
  • the accompanying data fragmentation flag is used to indicate whether the data to be accompanied is fragmented
  • the sequence number of the accompanying data packet is the number for the data to be accompanied
  • the message authentication code (Message Authentication Code) Code, MAC) is a verification mechanism used by both the sending end and the receiving end in data transmission, and can be used for data source authentication and integrity verification.
  • the number of bytes that can be accompanied by the channel can be calculated based on the allowed total length, the length of the original data payload, the length of the original data header and the accompanying data header. If the number of bytes that can be accompanied by the channel is smaller than the length of the data to be accompanied, the data to be accompanied is fragmented, and the accompanying data fragmentation flag in the header of the accompanying data is set to 1. If a piece of data to be accompanied is divided into several fragments, the sequence numbers of the accompanying data packets of each fragment are the same.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a message structure provided by another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, if the destination address of the accompanying channel selected by the sending end is not the destination address to which the accompanying data is to arrive, the accompanying data header also needs to include Accompanying data source address and accompanying data destination address.
  • step 1012 specifically includes: sorting several pieces of candidate data to be accompanied in the order of priority from high to low, and for candidate data to be accompanied with the same priority, from small to large according to the number of bytes to be accompanied
  • the sequence is sorted to form a candidate to accompany data sequence; starting from the first byte of the candidate to accompany data sequence, a predetermined number of bytes of the accompanying accompaniment byte are intercepted as the data to be accompanied.
  • the candidate data to be accompanied is first sorted according to the order from the highest priority to the candidate with the higher priority
  • the data to be accompanied is ranked first, and the candidate data to be accompanied with lower priority is ranked behind.
  • the data is sorted according to the number of bytes to be accompanied by each candidate to be accompanied, and the number of bytes to be accompanied is less the same
  • the priority candidates to be accompanied by data are arranged first, and the same priority candidates to be accompanied by data with a larger number of bytes to be accompanied are arranged behind, and the candidate to be accompanied data is sorted based on the priority and the number of bytes to be accompanied to form a candidate To accompany the data sequence.
  • the preset number of accompanying bytes is the maximum number of bytes of data to be accompanied preset by the sending end, and the preset number of accompanying bytes may be selected according to the average number of bytes that can be accompanied by the transmission channel. It may also be selected according to the actual application scenarios of the sending end and the receiving end, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application effectively ensures that the data with high priority can be transmitted preferentially when the data to be accompanied is selected, and furthermore, the data information that can be accompanied with each transmission is maximized.
  • step 1022 specifically includes: if the channel destination address of any transmission channel is consistent with the destination address to be accompanied, or the receiving end corresponding to the channel destination address of the transmission channel can transmit the data to be accompanied to the destination to be accompanied Address, the transmission channel is used as a companion channel.
  • the transmission requirements of the data to be accompanied include the destination address to be accompanied, and the channel status of the transmission channel includes the channel destination address.
  • the transmission channel it is necessary to determine whether the channel destination address of the transmission channel is consistent with the destination address to be accompanied : If the channel destination address is the same as the destination address to be accompanied, it means that the data to be accompanied can be directly transmitted to the receiving end corresponding to the destination address through the transmission channel, and the transmission channel can be used as a companion channel; if the channel destination address and the destination address are to be accompanied The accompanying destination address is inconsistent, that is, the data to be accompanied cannot be directly transmitted to the receiving end corresponding to the destination address through the transmission channel.
  • the transmission channel can also be used as a companion channel.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application ensures that the data to be accompanied can be transmitted to the destination address to be accompanied through the selected accompanying channel, and the reliability of data transmission is improved.
  • the transmission channel is regarded as a candidate Transmission channel.
  • a transmission channel capable of directly or indirectly transmitting the data to be accompanied to the destination address to be selected is selected as the candidate transmission channel.
  • the accompanying time can be within the waiting time interval, the security assurance mechanism meets the security assurance requirements, and the channel transmission delay is less than or equal to the accompanying waiting If the transmission delay of data is required, and the channel stability meets the stability requirement of the accompanying data to be accompanied, the candidate transmission channel is used as the accompanying channel.
  • any candidate transmission channel if its channel can be accompanied by the number of bytes, can be accompanied by time, security guarantee mechanism, channel transmission delay and channel stability can meet the needs of the data to be accompanied, then the candidate transmission channel As a companion channel.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data receiving method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the main body of the method may be a receiving end for receiving data sent by a sending end.
  • the receiving end may be a mobile terminal, satellite equipment, satellite system, ground equipment and / or ground system, etc., such as a gateway station, a hometown user service center (HSS), a certification center, a data collection center, a key management center, a heavy Equipment and / or systems in the management center and the collection center
  • the data receiving method includes:
  • the receiving end first receives the message sent by the sending end.
  • the channel for data transmission between the receiving end and the sending end is an accompanying channel.
  • the accompanying channel is a transmission channel through which the sending end can transmit the data to be accompanied to the receiving end, which is selected by the sending end based on the data to be accompanied.
  • the message is formed by the sender encapsulating the data to be accompanied and the original data payload of the accompanying channel, which is data information in a fixed format that encapsulates the original data payload and the data to be accompanied. The data being transferred.
  • the message is data information in a fixed format that encapsulates the original data payload and the data to be accompanied.
  • the receiving end can extract the data to be accompanied that was originally encapsulated in the message from the received message.
  • the receiving end can also extract the original data payload from the message.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present application by receiving the packet encapsulating the data to be accompanied and the original data load, and extracting the data to be accompanied from it, the data to be accompanied and the original data load can be obtained at the same time in one data reception, which is the application layer data.
  • the accompanying transmission provides a method.
  • the accompanying data transmission does not require independent transmission signaling or additional interaction between the sending end and the receiving end, and does not require additional allocation of transmission resources, which can effectively improve the transmission rate and increase Network transmission performance;
  • the second aspect can resist traffic analysis to achieve the effect of covert transmission;
  • the third aspect can prevent the blocking of accompanying data and protect the reliable transmission of important accompanying data.
  • step 402 specifically includes: if it is determined based on the message authentication code of the message that the message has not been tampered with, extracting data to be accompanied from the message.
  • the receiving end After the receiving end receives the message and before extracting the data to be accompanied, the receiving end also needs to authenticate the integrity of the message based on the message authentication code in the message. If the message passes the authentication, it means that the message is not Tampered, and then extract the data to be accompanied.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, a data transmission method includes:
  • step 502 is executed, otherwise, the data transmission process is ended.
  • the sending end determines whether there are multiple transmission channels that meet the data transmission requirements to be accompanied: if there are multiple transmission channels, step 503 is performed; if there is only one transmission channel that meets the data transmission requirements to be accompanied, the transmission channel As a companion channel, step 504 is executed.
  • the sender calculates the number of bytes that can accompany the channel of the companion channel based on the allowed total length, the length of the original data payload of the companion channel, the lengths of the original data header and the companion data header.
  • the sending end judges whether the data to be accompanied needs to be fragmented according to the number of bytes that can be accompanied by the channel and the number of bytes to be accompanied: if the number of bytes that can be accompanied by the channel is less than the number of bytes to be accompanied, Go to step 506; otherwise jump to step 507.
  • the sender fragments the data to be accompanied based on the number of bytes that can be accompanied by the channel.
  • the sending end encapsulates the data to be accompanied and the original data payload of the accompanying channel into a message.
  • the sending end randomly sends the encapsulated message to the receiving end.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a data receiving method according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, a data receiving method includes:
  • the receiving end receives the message sent by the sending end through the accompanying channel, and parses the message.
  • step 603 is executed; otherwise, the data receiving process is ended.
  • the receiving end extracts the data to be accompanied from the message.
  • step 604 The receiving end judges whether there are more fragments in the current data to be accompanied according to the accompanying data fragmentation flag and the last fragmentation flag, and if there is, then jumps to step 601, otherwise step 605 is performed.
  • the receiving end stores the to-be-accompanied data extracted from the message.
  • the sending end encapsulates the data to be accompanied and the original data payload into a message and sends it through the accompanying channel
  • the receiving end encapsulates the message to be accompanied by the data to be accompanied and the original data load
  • the data to be accompanied is extracted from it, and the data to be accompanied and the original data payload can be obtained at the same time in one data reception, which provides a method for the accompanying transmission of application layer data.
  • the transmission of accompanying data does not require independent transmission signaling.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a message structure provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the source address field and the destination address field are each 4 bytes, the message length field, the original data payload length field, and the accompanying data length field
  • the accompanying data fragmentation flag field is 1 byte
  • the accompanying data packet sequence number field is 2 bytes
  • the message authentication code is 8 bytes.
  • the mobile terminal ID A and satellite ID S implement two-way authentication. If the authentication is successful, the encryption key and the integrity key are assigned to both parties.
  • the authentication process is as follows:
  • step (1) the mobile terminal ID A sends a network access request to the satellite ID S , where the network access request includes: terminal identity ID A ; in step (2), the satellite ID S receives the mobile terminal ID A and sends After the network access request, the random number RAND and the authentication token AUTN are extracted from the authentication vector AV used for authentication with the mobile terminal ID A ; in step (3), the mobile terminal ID A receives the authentication report sent by the satellite ID S After the text, the response value RES is calculated.
  • the mobile terminal ID A and the satellite ID S use the control channel to perform two-way authentication.
  • the length of the data packet for each authentication is limited, so that the maximum length of the data packet that can be transmitted by the control channel is X.
  • the ID A in the message sent in step (1) be Y 1 bit long
  • the RES in the message sent in step (3) be Y 3 bit long. If Y 1 +23 ⁇ X, the message sent in step (1) can be accompanied by XY 1 -23 bytes of data; if Y 3 +23 ⁇ X, the message sent in step (3) can be accompanied by XY 3- 23 bytes of data.
  • the length of the data to be accompanied DATA be L.
  • the accompanying data fragmentation flag bit F is set to 1, is it the last fragmentation flag bit M is set to 1, the fragment offset O is set to 0, accompanying
  • the total length of the data is set to XY 1 -23; in the packet sent in step (3): the fragment flag bit F is set to 1 with the data, whether it is the last fragment flag bit M is set to 0, the fragment offset O is set to XY 1 -23, and the total length of accompanying data is set to L-X + Y 1 +23.
  • the mobile terminal ID A is used as the sending end, and the satellite ID S is used as the receiving end.
  • the receiving end After receiving the 2 data packets, the receiving end sequentially extracts XY 1 -23 and L-X + Y 1 +23 bytes from the 13 + Y 1 and 13 + Y 3 bytes in these 2 packets.
  • the data is spliced according to the offset to restore the data to be accompanied.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application includes two transmission modes.
  • the accompanying data is the data to be accompanied, and the original data is the original data payload of the accompanying channel.
  • the sending end selects the accompanying channel based on the to-be-accompanyed data, encapsulates the to-be-accompanied data and the original data payload of the accompanying channel, generates a message, and sends the message through the accompanying channel through the data transmission link.
  • the selected companion channel corresponding to different transmission modes:
  • Transmission mode 1 When the channel destination address of the selected companion channel is the same as the destination address of the data to be accompanied, the sender directly transmits the data to be accompanied (accompanying data 1) in the form of a message to the data to be accompanied through the accompanying channel The required destination is the receiver. Subsequently, the destination obtains the original data payload (original data 1) and the data to be accompanied (accompanying data 1) in the message through data reception and data analysis.
  • Transmission mode 2 When the channel destination address of the selected accompanying channel is different from the destination address of the data to be accompanied, and the relay end corresponding to the channel destination address has the ability to transmit the data to be accompanied to the destination address to be accompanied, the sender first
  • the to-be-accompanied data (accompanying data 2, denoted as ParData 2 ) is transmitted to the transit terminal in the form of a message through the accompanying channel.
  • the relay end After receiving the message, the relay end obtains the original data payload (original data 2) and the data to be accompanied (accompanying data 2) in the message through data reception and data analysis.
  • transmission mode 2 can be further divided into transmission mode 2.1 and transmission mode 2.2:
  • the transmission mode 2.1 means that the message sent by the relay end to the destination includes not only the received and parsed data to be accompanied (accompanying data 2), but also the original data load of the accompanying channel selected by the relay end (original data 3) and the relay
  • the data to be accompanied by the selected terminal (accompanying data 3, referred to as ParData 3 ), that is, the two types of accompanying data included in the message are the data to be accompanied by the sender (ParData 3 ) and the data to be accompanied by the relay (ParData 2 ) .
  • Transmission mode 2.2 means that the message sent by the relay to the destination includes not only the received and parsed data to be accompanied (accompanying data 2), but also the original data payload of the accompanying channel selected by the relay (original data 3), that is, the message It contains only one kind of accompanying data, which is the data to be accompanied at the sending end (that is, ParData 2 ).
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method according to yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmitting end is satellite 1
  • the destination is ground equipment 2
  • the relay end is satellite 2 and ground equipment 1.
  • the destination is the receiving end corresponding to the destination address of the data to be accompanied.
  • the sending end sends the accompanying data through accompanying transmission, that is, the accompanying data is sent to the relay satellite 2 in the form of a message.
  • the satellite 2 receives and parses the accompanying data, and encapsulates the accompanying data into a message again.
  • the ground device 1 receives and parses the data to be accompanied, and encapsulates the data to be accompanied again into a message, and sends it to the ground device 2 at the receiving end.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a data transmission device includes a data acquisition unit 1001, a channel selection unit 1002, and a package transmission unit 1003 ;
  • the data acquisition unit 1001 is used to acquire data to be accompanied;
  • the channel selection unit 1002 is used to select a companion channel based on the data to be accompanied;
  • the encapsulating and sending unit 1003 is used to encapsulate the data to be accompanied and the original data payload of the accompanying channel into a message, and send the message to the receiving end through the accompanying channel, so that the receiving end can extract the data to be accompanied from the message.
  • the device provided in the embodiment of the present application encapsulates the data to be accompanied and the original data payload into a message and sends it through the accompanying channel, which provides a method for the accompanying transmission of application layer data.
  • the accompanying data transmission does not require independent transmission
  • Signaling does not require additional interaction between the sending end and the receiving end, and no additional transmission resources are allocated, which can effectively improve the transmission rate and improve the network transmission performance
  • the second aspect can resist traffic analysis and achieve the effect of covert transmission;
  • Three aspects can prevent the blocking of accompanying data and protect the reliable transmission of important accompanying data.
  • the data acquisition unit 1001 includes a data acquisition subunit and a data selection subunit;
  • the data acquisition subunit is used to acquire several pieces of candidate data to be accompanied;
  • the data selection subunit is used to select data to be accompanied from several pieces of candidate data to be accompanied based on the priority and / or the number of bytes to be accompanied with each candidate data to be accompanied
  • the channel selection unit 1002 includes a channel acquisition subunit and a channel selection subunit;
  • the channel acquisition subunit is used to acquire several transmission channels
  • the channel selection subunit is used to select an accompanying channel from several transmission channels based on the transmission requirements of the data to be accompanied and the channel status of each transmission channel;
  • the transmission requirements of the data to be accompanied include, but are not limited to: the destination address to be accompanied, the number of bytes to be accompanied, the time interval to be accompanied, the security requirements, the transmission delay requirement to be accompanied by the data, and the stability of the accompanying data Any one or more of the requirements; correspondingly, the channel status of the transmission channel includes, but is not limited to: the channel destination address, the number of bytes that the channel can accompany, the time that can accompany, the security guarantee mechanism, the channel transmission delay, the channel stability Any one or more of them.
  • the message includes but is not limited to: any one or more of the original data header, the original data payload, the accompanying data header, and the data to be accompanied;
  • the original data header includes but is not limited to: any one or more of the source address, destination address, packet length, and original data payload length.
  • the data selection sub-unit is specifically used to sort several pieces of candidate data to be accompanied in the order of priority from high to low, and for the candidate data to be accompanied with the same priority, according to the number of bytes to be accompanied Sort from small to large to form a candidate to-be-companion data sequence; from the first byte of the candidate to-be-companion data sequence, a predetermined number of bytes of the companion byte are intercepted as the to-be-companion data.
  • the channel selection subunit is specifically used: if the channel destination address of any transmission channel is consistent with the destination address to be accompanied, or the receiving end corresponding to the channel destination address of the transmission channel can transmit the data to be accompanied to To be accompanied by the destination address, the transmission channel is used as a companion channel.
  • the channel selection subunit is specifically used: if the channel destination address of any transmission channel is consistent with the destination address to be accompanied, or the receiving end corresponding to the channel destination address of the transmission channel can transmit the data to be accompanied to To be accompanied by the destination address, the transmission channel is used as a candidate transmission channel; if the number of bytes that can be accompanied by any candidate transmission channel is greater than the number of bytes to be accompanied, the accompanying time can be within the waiting time interval, and the security guarantee mechanism meets the security To ensure the demand, the channel transmission delay is less than or equal to the transmission delay requirement accompanying the data to be accompanied, and the channel stability satisfies the stability requirement accompanying the data to be accompanied, then the candidate transmission channel is regarded as a companion channel.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a data receiving apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a data receiving apparatus includes a message receiving unit 1101 and a data extraction unit 1102;
  • the message receiving unit 1101 is used to receive the message sent by the sending end through the accompanying channel;
  • the data extraction unit 1102 is used to extract the data to be accompanied from the message; wherein, the message is formed by the transmitting end encapsulating the data to be accompanied with the original data payload of the accompanying channel, and the accompanying channel is selected by the transmitting end based on the data to be accompanied.
  • the device provided by the embodiment of the present application receives the packet encapsulating the data to be accompanied and the original data load, and extracts the data to be accompanied from the same.
  • the data to be accompanied and the original data load can be obtained at the same time in one data reception, which is the application layer data.
  • the accompanying transmission provides a method.
  • the accompanying data transmission does not require independent transmission signaling or additional interaction between the sending end and the receiving end, and does not require additional allocation of transmission resources, which can effectively improve the transmission rate and increase Network transmission performance;
  • the second aspect can resist traffic analysis to achieve the effect of covert transmission;
  • the third aspect can prevent the blocking of accompanying data and protect the reliable transmission of important accompanying data.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a data transmission system includes a sending end 1210 and a receiving end 1220;
  • the sending end 1210 includes the data transmission device provided in any of the foregoing embodiments;
  • the receiving end 1220 includes the data receiving device provided in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the sending end encapsulates the data to be accompanied and the original data payload into a message and sends it through the accompanying channel
  • the receiving end receives the message encapsulating the data to be accompanied and the original data payload, and extracts the data to be accompanied
  • the data to be accompanied and the original data load can be obtained at the same time in one data reception, which provides a method for the accompanying transmission of application layer data.
  • the accompanying data transmission does not require independent transmission signaling, nor does it require the sending end and
  • the extra interaction between the receivers does not need to allocate additional transmission resources, which can effectively improve the transmission rate and improve the network transmission performance;
  • the second aspect can resist traffic analysis to achieve the effect of covert transmission;
  • the third aspect can prevent the accompanying data from being blocked It is important to ensure the reliable transmission of important accompanying data.
  • the electronic device may include: a processor 1301, a communication interface 1302, a memory 1303, and a communication The bus 1304, in which the processor 1301, the communication interface 1302, and the memory 1303 communicate with each other through the communication bus 1304.
  • the processor 1301 can call a computer program stored in the memory 1303 and run on the processor 1301 to execute the data transmission method provided by the foregoing embodiments, for example, including: acquiring data to be accompanied; selecting an accompanying channel based on the data to be accompanied; The data to be accompanied and the original data payload of the accompanying channel are encapsulated into a message, and the message is sent to the receiving end through the accompanying channel, so that the receiving end can extract the to-be-accompanied data from the message.
  • the processor 1301 can also call a computer program stored in the memory 1303 and run on the processor 1301 to execute the data receiving method provided in the foregoing embodiments, for example, including: receiving a message sent by a sending end through an accompanying channel ; Extract the data to be accompanied from the message; where the message is formed by the sender encapsulating the data to be accompanied with the original data payload of the accompanying channel, and the accompanying channel is selected by the sender based on the data to be accompanied.
  • the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 1303 can be implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as an independent product, and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may essentially be a part that contributes to the existing technology or a part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program is implemented to perform the data transmission method provided by the foregoing embodiments, for example, including: Companion data; select the companion channel based on the companion data; encapsulate the companion data and the original data payload of the companion channel into a message, and send the message to the receiver through the companion channel, so that the receiver can extract the data to be accompanied from the message .
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides another non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which is implemented when executed by a processor to perform the data receiving method provided in the foregoing embodiments, for example, including: receiving The sender sends a message through the companion channel; extracts the data to be accompanied from the message; where the message is formed by the sender encapsulating the data to be accompanied with the original data payload of the companion channel Selected.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located One place, or can be distributed to multiple network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without paying creative labor.
  • each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware.
  • the above-mentioned technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products in essence or to contribute to the existing technology, and the computer software products can be stored in computer-readable storage media, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic Discs, optical discs, etc., include several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法、接收方法、装置及系统，其中数据传输方法包括：获取待伴随数据；基于待伴随数据选取伴随通道；将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过伴随通道发送报文至接收端，以使得接收端能够从报文中提取待伴随数据。本申请实施例提供的方法、装置及系统，将待伴随数据与原始数据载荷封装为报文并通过伴随通道发送，第一方面，伴随数据的传输不需要独立的传输信令，也不需要发送端和接收端之间的额外交互，不需额外分配传输资源，能够有效提高传输率，提高网络传输性能；第二方面可以抵抗流量分析，达到隐蔽传输的效果；第三方面可以防止对伴随数据的阻断，保护重要伴随数据的可靠传输。

Description

一种数据传输方法、接收方法、装置及系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年11月19日提交的申请号为201811376260.3，发明名称为“一种数据传输方法、接收方法、装置及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及信息网络技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法、接收方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
当前的天地一体化信息网络、物联网等环境中，由于带宽限制等原因，没有足够的控制信道来进行信令交互、也没有充足的带宽来随时按需传输数据，因此在传输数据时需要尽可能减少独立信令量，降低数据传输双方交互次数，压缩数据传输带宽；此外，现有安全设备会对流量进行分析，阻断某些特定数据的传输。
为了降低数据传输双方独立交互次数、压缩数据传输带宽，一种方式为采用伴随方式来传输数据，例如在TCP协议中，为了确保双工通信的传输可靠性，需要对传输的报文进行确认，为了提高传输率，TCP协议采用伴随机制来传输确认报文ACK，即在传输数据时伴随确认报文，从而降低单个确认报文的传输概率，提高网络传输性能。但这种传输方式，只能对传输层的确认报文进行传输，不能传输应用层数据。在机会网络中，基于汇总矢量伴随信息的路由也采用伴随机制来降低控制消息冗余，降低开销和提升吞吐量，但这种方式适用于寻路过程，不能传输应用层数据。当前应用层的数据传输仍然需要独立交互。为了防止数据在传输时被阻断，现有方案主要采用洋葱路由、流量混淆等技术，这种方式需要占用额外计算资源和带宽资源，服务质量低。
因此，如何降低应用层数据传输的独立交互次数，降低计算资源和带宽资源消耗量，同时提高数据抗阻断能力仍然是信息网络领域亟待解决的 问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法、接收方法、装置及系统，用以解决现有的数据传输方法无法实现低交互次数的应用层数据传输的问题，同时降低计算资源和带宽资源消耗量，提高数据抗阻断能力。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法，包括：
获取待伴随数据；
基于所述待伴随数据选取伴随通道；
将所述待伴随数据与所述伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过所述伴随通道发送所述报文至接收端，以使得所述接收端能够从所述报文中提取所述待伴随数据。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据接收方法，包括：
接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文；
从所述报文中提取待伴随数据；
其中，所述报文为所述发送端将所述待伴随数据与所述伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装形成的，所述伴随通道为所述发送端基于所述待伴随数据选取得到的。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输装置，包括数据获取单元、通道选取单元和封装发送单元；
其中，数据获取单元用于获取待伴随数据；
通道选取单元用于基于待伴随数据选取伴随通道；
封装发送单元用于将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过伴随通道发送报文至接收端，以使得接收端能够从报文中提取待伴随数据。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据接收装置，包括报文接收单元和数据提取单元；
其中，报文接收单元用于接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文；
数据提取单元用于从报文中提取待伴随数据；其中，报文为发送端将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装形成的，伴随通道为发送端基于待伴随数据选取得到的。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据传输系统，包括发送端和接收端；
发送端包括如第三方面所提供的数据传输装置；
接收端包括如第四方面所提供的数据接收装置。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，包括处理器、通信接口、存储器和总线，其中，处理器，通信接口，存储器通过总线完成相互间的通信，处理器可以调用存储器中的逻辑指令，以执行如第一方面或第二方面所提供的方法的步骤。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如第一方面或第二方面所提供的方法的步骤。
本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法、接收方法、装置及系统，发送端将待伴随数据与原始数据载荷封装为报文并通过伴随通道发送，接收端通过接收封装有待伴随数据与原始数据载荷的报文，并从中提取待伴随数据，在一次数据接收中能够同时获得待伴随数据与原始数据载荷，为应用层数据的伴随传输提供了方法，第一方面，伴随数据的传输不需要独立的传输信令，也不需要发送端和接收端之间的额外交互，不需额外分配传输资源，能够有效提高传输率，提高网络传输性能；第二方面可以抵抗流量分析，达到隐蔽传输的效果；第三方面可以防止对伴随数据的阻断，保护重要伴随数据的可靠传输。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的报文结构示意图；
图3为本申请另一实施例提供的报文结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例提供的数据接收方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请另一实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请另一实施例提供的数据接收方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请又一实施例提供的报文结构示意图；
图8为本申请又一实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图9为本申请再一实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的数据传输装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的数据接收装置的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的数据传输系统的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
由于天地一体化网络、物联网等存在带宽限制，需要在传输数据过程中尽可能减少独立信令量，降低数据传输双方的交互次数，压缩数据传输带宽，而现有的解决带宽问题的数据传输方法不能进行应用层数据的传输。本申请各实施例针对上述需求提供了无需独立交互的应用层数据传输的解决方案，以下将通过多个实施例进行展开说明和介绍。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图，如图1所示，该方法的执行主体为用于数据传输的发送端，在天地一体化网络、物联网等中，发送端可以是移动终端、卫星或地面设备/系统等，例如关口站、家乡用户服务中心(HSS)、认证中心、数据采集中心、密钥管理中心、重构管理中心以及汇集中心中的设备和/或系统等，该数据传输方法包括：
101，获取待伴随数据。
此处，待伴随数据是指发送端中存在的需要伴随在传输数据中发送的数据。若发送端中仅存在一段数据需要伴随，则将该段数据作为待伴随数据，若发送端中存在多段数据，可以从多段数据中选取若干段作为待伴随数据，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
102，基于待伴随数据选取伴随通道。
此处，伴随通道为发送端能够向接收端传输待伴随数据的传输通道。若发送端中仅存在一个传输通道，则将该传输通道作为伴随通道，若发送端中存在多个传输通道，可以从多个传输通道中以满足待伴随数据的需求为依据选取一个传输通道作为伴随通道，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
103，将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过伴随通道发送报文至接收端，以使得接收端能够从报文中提取待伴随数据。
具体地，原始数据载荷是指原本需要通过伴随通道进行传输的数据，报文为封装有原始数据载荷和待伴随数据的具备固定格式的数据信息，发送端将原始数据载荷和待伴随数据进行封装，形成报文，从而在发送端通过伴随通道发送报文时，同时实现原始数据载荷和待伴随数据的发送。接收端在接收到报文后，能够基于报文的固定格式，提取报文中封装的原始数据载荷和待伴随数据。需要说明的是，伴随通道所允许传输的最大字节数必须大于报文的字节数。此处，接收端同样可以是移动终端、卫星设备、卫星系统、地面设备和/或地面系统等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的方法，将待伴随数据与原始数据载荷封装为报文并通过伴随通道发送，为应用层数据的伴随传输提供了方法，第一方面，伴随数据的传输不需要独立的传输信令，也不需要发送端和接收端之间的额外交互，不需额外分配传输资源，能够有效提高传输率，提高网络传输性能；第二方面可以抵抗流量分析，达到隐蔽传输的效果；第三方面可以防止对伴随数据的阻断，保护重要伴随数据的可靠传输。
基于上述实施例，步骤101具体包括：
1011，获取若干段候选待伴随数据。
具体地，若发送端中存在若干段需要伴随的数据，则将每段需要伴随的数据作为候选待伴随数据，随即从上述候选待伴随数据中选取一段作为本次数据传输伴随的数据，即待伴随数据。此处，若干段为一段或多段。
1012，基于每一候选待伴随数据的优先权和/或待伴随字节数，从若干段候选待伴随数据中选取待伴随数据。
具体地，选取待伴随数据的依据包括但不限于：每一候选待伴随数据的优先权、每一候选待伴随数据的待伴随字节数中的任意一种或多种，即其依据可以是优先权，可以是待伴随字节数，还可以是上述两种的结合， 本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。此处，优先权是指针对候选待伴随数据传输预设设置的优先等级，优先权越高，则对应的候选待伴随数据被选取作为待伴随数据的概率越大。待伴随字节数是指对应的候选待伴随数据的字节数。
例如，在进行待伴随数据的选取时，可以直接选取优先权最高的候选待伴随数据作为待伴随数据；还可以按照优先权从高到低的顺序对候选待伴随数据进行排序，从首字节始截取预设伴随字节数个字节的数据作为待伴随数据；还可以对候选待伴随数据进行随机排列，从首字节始截取预设伴随字节数个字节的数据作为待伴随数据，此处，预设伴随字节数为发送端预先设定的待伴随数据的最大字节数，预设伴随字节数可以是根据传输通道平均可伴随的字节数选取的。也可以是根据发送端与接收端的实际应用场景选取的，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
基于上述任一实施例，步骤102具体包括：
1021，获取若干个传输通道。
此处，传输通道是指发送端能够用于对外传输数据的传输通道。若发送端中存在若干个传输通道，可以从若干个传输通道中以满足待伴随数据的需求为依据选取一个传输通道作为伴随通道。
1022，基于待伴随数据的传输需求与每一传输通道的通道状态，从若干个传输通道中选取伴随通道。
具体地，在进行伴随通道的选取时，需要以待伴随数据的传输需求以及每一传输通道的通道状态为依据。此处，待伴随数据的传输需求是指在对待伴随数据进行伴随传输时需要满足的需求。例如，如果任一传输通道的通道状态能够满足待伴随数据的传输需求，可以将该传输通道作为伴随通道，或者，从多个满足待伴随数据的传输需求的传输通道中随机选取一个作为伴随通道，再或者，从多个满足待伴随数据的传输需求的传输通道中，基于各传输通道的通道状态选取最优的传输通道作为伴随通道，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
其中，待伴随数据的传输需求包括但不限于：待伴随目的地址、待伴随字节数、待伴随时间区间、安全保障需求、待伴随数据的传输时延需求、待伴随数据的稳定性需求中的任意一种或多种；对应地，传输通道的通道 状态包括但不限于：通道目的地址、通道可伴随字节数、可伴随时间、安全保障机制、通道传输时延、通道稳定性中的任意一种或多种。
此处，待伴随目的地址是指待伴随数据需要传输至的地址，通道目的地址是指发送端通过该传输通道进行传输的目的地址。待伴随字节数是指待伴随数据的字节数，通道可伴随字节数是指该传输通道可以伴随的数据的字节数。待伴随时间区间是指待伴随数据需要执行数据传输的时间区间，可伴随时间是指该传输通道能够传输待伴随数据的时间。安全保障需求是指待伴随数据对于数据传输安全机制的要求，安全保障机制是指该传输通道设置的数据传输安全机制。待伴随数据的传输时延需求是指待伴随数据在进行传输时能够允许的时延，通道传输时延是指该传输通道在传输过程中产生的时延。待伴随数据的稳定性需求是指待伴随数据在进行传输时要求传输通道能够达到的稳定程度，通道稳定性是指该传输通道能够达到的稳定程度。
本申请实施例提供的方法，通过待伴随数据的传输需求与传输通道的通道状态取伴随通道，使得待伴随数据能够基于伴随通道实现稳定可靠的伴随传输。
基于上述任一实施例，图2为本申请一实施例提供的报文结构示意图，如图2所示，报文包括但不限于：原始数据首部、原始数据载荷、伴随数据首部和待伴随数据中的任意一种或多种；原始数据首部包括源地址、目的地址、报文长度、原始数据载荷长度中的至少一种，伴随数据首部包括但不限于：伴随数据长度、伴随数据分片标志、伴随数据包序列号中的任意一种或多种，可选包括消息认证码。
此处，源地址为发送端地址，目的地址为接收端地址，报文长度为原始数据首部、原始数据载荷、伴随数据首部和待伴随数据伴随的字节数总和，原始数据载荷长度为原始数据载荷字节数，伴随数据长度为待伴随数据字节数，伴随数据分片标志用于指示待伴随数据是否分片，伴随数据包序列号是针对待伴随数据的编号，消息认证码(Message Authentication Code，MAC)是数据传输中发送端和接收端双方使用的一种验证机制，可用于数据源认证和完整性校验。
针对图2所示的报文结构，通道可伴随字节数可以根据所允许的总长 度、原始数据载荷的长度、原始数据首部和伴随数据首部的长度计算得到。如果通道可伴随字节数小于待伴随数据的长度，则对待伴随数据进行分片操作，并将伴随数据首部中的伴随数据分片标志设置为1。如果一段待伴随数据分为了若干个分片，则每一分片的伴随数据包序列号相同。
图3为本申请另一实施例提供的报文结构示意图，如图3所示，如果发送端选取的伴随通道的目的地址不是待伴随数据所要到达的目的地址，则伴随数据首部中还需包含伴随数据源地址和伴随数据目的地址。
基于上述任一实施例，步骤1012具体包括：按照优先权由高到低的顺序对若干段候选待伴随数据进行排序，对于优先权相同的候选待伴随数据，按照待伴随字节数从小到大的顺序进行排序，形成候选待伴随数据序列；从候选待伴随数据序列的首位字节处开始，截取预设伴随字节数个字节作为待伴随数据。
具体地，在基于每一候选待伴随数据的优先权与待伴随字节数选取待伴随数据时，首先按照优先权由高到底的顺序对候选待伴随数据进行排序，将优先权更高的候选待伴随数据排列在前，将优先权更低的候选待伴随数据排列在后。在此过程中，如果存在优先权相同的两段或两段以上的候选待伴随数据，则按照每一候选待伴随数据的待伴随字节数进行排序，将待伴随字节数更少的相同优先权的候选待伴随数据排列在前，将待伴随字节数更多的相同优先权候选待伴随数据排列在后，基于优先权和待伴随字节数完成候选待伴随数据的排序，构成候选待伴随数据序列。完成排序后，以候选待伴随数据序列的首位字节为起点，截取候选待伴随数据序列的前预设伴随字节数个字节的数据作为待伴随数据。此处，预设伴随字节数为发送端预先设定的待伴随数据的最大字节数，预设伴随字节数可以是根据传输通道平均可伴随的字节数选取的。也可以是根据发送端与接收端的实际应用场景选取的，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的方法，在进行待伴随数据的选取时，有效保证了优先权高的数据能够优先传输，此外，保证了每次传输能够伴随的数据信息的最大化。
基于上述任一实施例，步骤1022具体包括：若任一传输通道的通道目的地址与待伴随目的地址一致，或该传输通道的通道目的地址对应的接 收端能够将待伴随数据传输至待伴随目的地址，则将该传输通道作为伴随通道。
具体地，待伴随数据的传输需求包括待伴随目的地址，传输通道的通道状态包括通道目的地址，在选取传输通道作为伴随通道时，需要判断该传输通道的通道目的地址是否与待伴随目的地址一致：如果通道目的地址与待伴随目的地址一致，则表示通过该传输通道可以将待伴随数据直接传输至待伴随目的地址对应的接收端，可以将该传输通道作为伴随通道；如果通道目的地址与待伴随目的地址不一致，即通过该传输通道无法直接将待伴随数据传输至待伴随目的地址对应的接收端，此时需要进一步判断通道目的地址对应的接收端是否具备将待伴随数据转发至待伴随目的地址对应的接收端的功能，从而实现待伴随数据的间接传输。因而，若通道目的地址与待伴随目的地址不一致，但是通道目的地址对应的接收端能够将待伴随数据转发至待伴随目的地址的功能，则同样可以将该传输通道作为伴随通道。
本申请实施例提供的方法，确保了通过选取的伴随通道能够将待伴随数据传输至待伴随目的地址，提高了数据传输的可靠性。
基于上述任一实施例，步骤1022具体包括：
(1)若任一传输通道的通道目的地址与待伴随目的地址一致，或该传输通道的通道目的地址对应的接收端能够将待伴随数据传输至待伴随目的地址，则将该传输通道作为候选传输通道。
此处，在传输通道中选取能够将待伴随数据直接或间接传输至待伴随目的地址的传输通道，作为候选传输通道。
(2)若任一候选传输通道的通道可伴随字节数大于待伴随字节数，可伴随时间在待伴随时间区间内，安全保障机制满足安全保障需求，通道传输时延小于等于伴随待伴随数据的传输时延需求，且通道稳定性满足伴随待伴随数据的稳定性需求，则将该候选传输通道作为伴随通道。
具体地，针对任一候选传输通道，若其通道可伴随字节数、可伴随时间、安全保障机制、通道传输时延和通道稳定性均能够满足待伴随数据的需求，则将该候选传输通道作为伴随通道。
图4为本申请一实施例提供的数据接收方法的流程示意图，如图4所 示，该方法的执行主体可以是用于接收发送端发送的数据的接收端，在天地一体化网络、物联网等中，接收端可以是移动终端、卫星设备、卫星系统、地面设备和/或地面系统等，例如关口站、家乡用户服务中心(HSS)、认证中心、数据采集中心、密钥管理中心、重构管理中心以及汇集中心中的设备和/或系统等，该数据接收方法包括：
401，接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文。
具体地，接收端首先接收发送端发送的报文。此处，接收端与发送端之间进行数据传输的通道为伴随通道，伴随通道是发送端能够向接收端传输待伴随数据的传输通道，是发送端基于待伴随数据选取得到的。报文为发送端将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装形成的，是封装有原始数据载荷和待伴随数据的具备固定格式的数据信息，其中，原始数据载荷是指原本需要通过伴随通道进行传输的数据。
402，从报文中提取待伴随数据。
具体地，报文是封装有原始数据载荷和待伴随数据的具备固定格式的数据信息，接收端可以从接收的报文中提取原本封装在报文中的待伴随数据。此外，接收端还可以从报文中提取原始数据载荷。
本申请实施例提供的方法，通过接收封装有待伴随数据与原始数据载荷的报文，并从中提取待伴随数据，在一次数据接收中能够同时获得待伴随数据与原始数据载荷，为应用层数据的伴随传输提供了方法，第一方面，伴随数据的传输不需要独立的传输信令，也不需要发送端和接收端之间的额外交互，不需额外分配传输资源，能够有效提高传输率，提高网络传输性能；第二方面可以抵抗流量分析，达到隐蔽传输的效果；第三方面可以防止对伴随数据的阻断，保护重要伴随数据的可靠传输。
基于上述任一实施例，步骤402具体包括：若基于报文的消息认证码判断获知该报文未被篡改，则从报文中提取待伴随数据。
具体地，在接收端接收报文之后，提取待伴随数据之前，接收端还需要基于报文中的消息认证码对报文的完整性进行认证，若该报文通过认证，则说明报文未被篡改，再从中提取待伴随数据。
基于上述任一实施例，图5为本申请另一实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图，如图5所示，一种数据传输方法，包括：
501，发送端首先判断是否存在待伴随数据。如果存在待伴随数据，则执行步骤502，否则，结束数据传输进程。
502，发送端判断是否存在多个满足待伴随数据传输需求的传输通道：若存在多个传输通道，则执行步骤503；若仅存在一个满足待伴随数据传输需求的传输通道，则将该传输通道作为伴随通道，执行步骤504。
503，基于待伴随数据的传输需求与每一传输通道的通道状态，从多个传输通道中选取伴随通道。
504，确定伴随通道后，发送端根据所允许的总长度、伴随通道的原始数据载荷的长度、原始数据首部和伴随数据首部的长度计算得到伴随通道的通道可伴随字节数。
505，发送端根据通道可伴随字节数和待伴随数据的待伴随字节数判断是否需要对待伴随数据进行分片：若通道可伴随字节数小于待伴随数据的待伴随字节数，则执行步骤506；否则跳转至步骤507。
506，发送端基于通道可伴随字节数对待伴随数据进行分片。
507，发送端将本次待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文。
508，发送端将封装的报文随机发送给接收端。
图6为本申请另一实施例提供的数据接收方法的流程示意图，如图6所示，一种数据接收方法，包括：
601，接收端接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文，并对报文进行解析。
602，接收端判断报文中是否存在待伴随数据，如果存在待伴随数据，则执行步骤603，否则，结束数据接收进程。
603，接收端从报文中提取待伴随数据。
604，接收端根据伴随数据分片标志位和最后分片标志位判断当前待伴随数据是否还存在更多分片，如果存在则跳转至步骤601，否则执行步骤605。
605，接收端存储从报文中提取的待伴随数据。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法和接收方法，发送端将待伴随数据与原始数据载荷封装为报文并通过伴随通道发送，接收端通过接收封装有 待伴随数据与原始数据载荷的报文，并从中提取待伴随数据，在一次数据接收中能够同时获得待伴随数据与原始数据载荷，为应用层数据的伴随传输提供了方法，第一方面，伴随数据的传输不需要独立的传输信令，也不需要发送端和接收端之间的额外交互，不需额外分配传输资源，能够有效提高传输率，提高网络传输性能；第二方面可以抵抗流量分析，达到隐蔽传输的效果；第三方面可以防止对伴随数据的阻断，保护重要伴随数据的可靠传输。
图7为本申请又一实施例提供的报文结构示意图，如图7所示，源地址字段和目的地址字段均为4字节，报文长度字段、原始数据载荷长度字段、伴随数据长度字段、伴随数据分片标志字段均为1字节，伴随数据包序列号字段为2字节、消息认证码8字节。下面以移动终端ID A向卫星ID S发起认证为例来进行说明如何伴随传输数据，首先介绍移动终端ID A加入卫星通信网阶段向卫星ID S发起认证的认证协议。
在入网阶段，移动终端ID A与卫星ID S实施双向认证，若认证成功，则为认证双方分配加密密钥和完整性密钥，其认证流程如下：
(1)ID A→ID S:ID A
(2)ID S→ID A:RAND,AUTN
(3)ID A→ID S:RES
即：在步骤(1)中，移动终端ID A向卫星ID S发送入网请求，其中，该入网请求包含：终端身份ID A；在步骤(2)中，卫星ID S收到移动终端ID A发送的入网请求后，从用于与移动终端ID A进行认证的认证向量AV中提取随机数RAND和认证令牌AUTN；在步骤(3)中，移动终端ID A收到卫星ID S发送的认证报文后，计算响应值RES。
移动终端ID A与卫星ID S利用控制信道来进行双向认证，每次认证数据报文长度受限，令控制信道可传递的数据报文最大长度为X。在上述协议中，令：步骤(1)发送的报文中ID A长度为Y 1位，步骤(3)发送的报文中RES的长度为Y 3位。若Y 1+23<X，则步骤(1)发送的报文可伴随X-Y 1-23字节的数据；若Y 3+23<X，则步骤(3)发送的报文可伴随X-Y 3-23字节的数据。令待伴随数据DATA的长度为L，若2X-Y 1-Y 3-46≥L＞X-Y 1-23，则通过移动终端ID A-卫星ID S双向认证协议可伴随所有数据。在这种情况下，步骤(1) 发送的报文中：伴随数据分片标志位F置为1，是否是最后分片标志位M置为1，分片偏移量O置为0，伴随数据总长度置为X-Y 1-23；在步骤(3)发送的报文中：伴随数据有分片标志位F置为1，是否是最后分片标志位M置为0，分片偏移量O置为X-Y 1-23，伴随数据总长度置为L-X+Y 1+23。
本实施例中，将移动终端ID A作为发送端，卫星ID S作为接收端。接收端接收到2个数据报文之后，依次从这2个报文中的第13+Y 1和13+Y 3字节开始分别提取X-Y 1-23和L-X+Y 1+23字节的数据，按照偏移量进行拼接，还原待伴随数据。
图8为本申请又一实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图，如图8所示，本申请实施例的数据传输方法包括两种传输模式。图8中，伴随数据即待伴随数据，原始数据即伴随通道的原始数据载荷。
发送端在获取待伴随数据后，基于待伴随数据选择伴随通道，并对待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷进行封装，产生报文，并通过数据发送环节将报文通过伴随通道发出。此处，基于选择的伴随通道的不同，对应不同的传输模式：
传输模式1：当选择的伴随通道的通道目的地址与待伴随数据的待伴随目的地址一致时，发送端通过伴随通道直接将待伴随数据(伴随数据1)以报文的形式传输到待伴随数据要求的目的端，即接收端。随后，目的端通过数据接收和数据解析得到报文中的原始数据载荷(原始数据1)和待伴随数据(伴随数据1)。
传输模式2：当选择的伴随通道的通道目的地址与待伴随数据的待伴随目的地址不同，且通道目的地址对应的中转端具备将待伴随数据传输至待伴随目的地址的能力时，发送端首先通过伴随通道将待伴随数据(伴随数据2，记为ParData 2)以报文的形式传输到中转端。中转端接收到报文后，通过数据接收和数据解析得到报文中的原始数据载荷(原始数据2)和待伴随数据(伴随数据2)。随后，基于待伴随数据ParData 2选择伴随通道，并对待伴随数据ParData 2与伴随通道的原始数据载荷进行封装，产生报文，并通过数据发送环节将报文通过伴随通道发出。需要说明的是，在中转端将待伴随数据发送到目的端时，传输模式2可以进一步分为传输模式2.1和传输模式2.2两种：
其中，传输模式2.1是指中转端发送给目的端的报文不仅包括接收并解析得到的待伴随数据(伴随数据2)，还包括中转端选取的伴随通道的原始数据载荷(原始数据3)以及中转端选取的待伴随数据(伴随数据3，记为ParData 3)，即报文中包括的两种伴随数据分别是发送端的待伴随数据(即ParData 3)和中转端的待伴随数据(即ParData 2)。传输模式2.2是指中转端发送给目的端的报文不仅包括接收并解析得到的待伴随数据(伴随数据2)，还包括中转端选取的伴随通道的原始数据载荷(原始数据3)，即报文中仅包含一种伴随数据，为发送端的待伴随数据(即ParData 2)。
图9为本申请再一实施例提供的数据传输方法的流程示意图，如图9所示，发送端为卫星1，目的端为地面设备2，中转端为卫星2和地面设备1。此处，目的端即待伴随数据的待伴随目的地址对应的接收端。
首先，发送端通过伴随传输的方式将伴随数据，即待伴随数据通过报文的形式发送到中转端卫星2，卫星2接收并解析得到待伴随数据，并重新将待伴随数据封装为报文，发送到中转端地面设备1。地面设备1接收并解析得到待伴随数据，并重新将待伴随数据封装为报文，发送到接收端地面设备2。
基于上述任一实施例，图10为本申请实施例提供的数据传输装置的结构示意图，如图10所示，一种数据传输装置，包括数据获取单元1001、通道选取单元1002和封装发送单元1003；
其中，数据获取单元1001用于获取待伴随数据；
通道选取单元1002用于基于待伴随数据选取伴随通道；
封装发送单元1003用于将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过伴随通道发送报文至接收端，以使得接收端能够从报文中提取待伴随数据。
本申请实施例提供的装置，将待伴随数据与原始数据载荷封装为报文并通过伴随通道发送，为应用层数据的伴随传输提供了方法，第一方面，伴随数据的传输不需要独立的传输信令，也不需要发送端和接收端之间的额外交互，不需额外分配传输资源，能够有效提高传输率，提高网络传输性能；第二方面可以抵抗流量分析，达到隐蔽传输的效果；第三方面可以防止对伴随数据的阻断，保护重要伴随数据的可靠传输。
基于上述任一实施例，数据获取单元1001包括数据获取子单元和数据选取子单元；
其中，数据获取子单元用于获取若干段候选待伴随数据；
数据选取子单元用于基于每一候选待伴随数据的优先权和/或待伴随字节数，从若干段候选待伴随数据中选取待伴随数据
基于上述任一实施例，通道选取单元1002包括通道获取子单元和通道选取子单元；
其中，通道获取子单元用于获取若干个传输通道；
通道选取子单元用于基于待伴随数据的传输需求与每一传输通道的通道状态，从若干个传输通道中选取伴随通道；
其中，待伴随数据的传输需求包括但不限于：待伴随目的地址、待伴随字节数、待伴随时间区间、安全保障需求、伴随待伴随数据的传输时延需求、伴随待伴随数据的稳定性需求中的任意一种或多种；对应地，传输通道的通道状态包括但不限于：通道目的地址、通道可伴随字节数、可伴随时间、安全保障机制、通道传输时延、通道稳定性中的任意一种或多种。
基于上述任一实施例，报文包括但不限于：原始数据首部、原始数据载荷、伴随数据首部和待伴随数据中的任意一种或多种；
原始数据首部包括但不限于：源地址、目的地址、报文长度、原始数据载荷长度中的任意一种或多种。
伴随数据首部包括但不限于：伴随数据长度、伴随数据分片标志、伴随数据包序列号、消息认证码中的任意一种或多种。
基于上述任一实施例，数据选取子单元具体用于：按照优先权由高到低的顺序对若干段候选待伴随数据进行排序，对于优先权相同的候选待伴随数据，按照待伴随字节数从小到大的顺序进行排序，形成候选待伴随数据序列；从候选待伴随数据序列的首位字节处始截取预设伴随字节数个字节作为待伴随数据。
基于上述任一实施例，通道选取子单元具体用于：若任一传输通道的通道目的地址与待伴随目的地址一致，或该传输通道的通道目的地址对应的接收端能够将待伴随数据传输至待伴随目的地址，则将该传输通道作为伴随通道。
基于上述任一实施例，通道选取子单元具体用于：若任一传输通道的通道目的地址与待伴随目的地址一致，或该传输通道的通道目的地址对应的接收端能够将待伴随数据传输至待伴随目的地址，则将该传输通道作为候选传输通道；若任一候选传输通道的通道可伴随字节数大于待伴随字节数，可伴随时间在待伴随时间区间内，安全保障机制满足安全保障需求，通道传输时延小于等于伴随待伴随数据的传输时延需求，且通道稳定性满足伴随待伴随数据的稳定性需求，则将该候选传输通道作为伴随通道。
基于上述任一实施例，图11为本申请实施例提供的数据接收装置的结构示意图，如图11所示，一种数据接收装置，包括报文接收单元1101和数据提取单元1102；
其中，报文接收单元1101用于接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文；
数据提取单元1102用于从报文中提取待伴随数据；其中，报文为发送端将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装形成的，伴随通道为发送端基于待伴随数据选取得到的。
本申请实施例提供的装置，通过接收封装有待伴随数据与原始数据载荷的报文，并从中提取待伴随数据，在一次数据接收中能够同时获得待伴随数据与原始数据载荷，为应用层数据的伴随传输提供了方法，第一方面，伴随数据的传输不需要独立的传输信令，也不需要发送端和接收端之间的额外交互，不需额外分配传输资源，能够有效提高传输率，提高网络传输性能；第二方面可以抵抗流量分析，达到隐蔽传输的效果；第三方面可以防止对伴随数据的阻断，保护重要伴随数据的可靠传输。
基于上述任一实施例，图12为本申请实施例提供的数据传输系统的结构示意图，如图12所示，一种数据传输系统，包括发送端1210和接收端1220；
其中，发送端1210包括上述任一实施例提供的数据传输装置；
接收端1220包括上述任一实施例提供的数据接收装置。
本申请实施例提供的系统，发送端将待伴随数据与原始数据载荷封装为报文并通过伴随通道发送，接收端通过接收封装有待伴随数据与原始数据载荷的报文，并从中提取待伴随数据，在一次数据接收中能够同时获得待伴随数据与原始数据载荷，为应用层数据的伴随传输提供了方法，第一方面，伴随数据的传输不需要独立的传输信令，也不需要发送端和接收端之间的额外 交互，不需额外分配传输资源，能够有效提高传输率，提高网络传输性能；第二方面可以抵抗流量分析，达到隐蔽传输的效果；第三方面可以防止对伴随数据的阻断，保护重要伴随数据的可靠传输。
图13为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的实体结构示意图，如图13所示，该电子设备可以包括：处理器(processor)1301、通信接口(Communications Interface)1302、存储器(memory)1303和通信总线1304，其中，处理器1301，通信接口1302，存储器1303通过通信总线1304完成相互间的通信。处理器1301可以调用存储在存储器1303上并可在处理器1301上运行的计算机程序，以执行上述各实施例提供的数据传输方法，例如包括：获取待伴随数据；基于待伴随数据选取伴随通道；将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过伴随通道发送报文至接收端，以使得接收端能够从报文中提取待伴随数据。
另外，处理器1301还可以调用存储在存储器1303上并可在处理器1301上运行的计算机程序，以执行上述各实施例提供的数据接收方法，例如包括：接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文；从报文中提取待伴随数据；其中，报文为发送端将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装形成的，伴随通道为发送端基于待伴随数据选取得到的。
此外，上述的存储器1303中的逻辑指令可以通过软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请实施例还提供一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以执行上述各实施例提供的数据传输方法，例如包括：获取待伴随数据；基于待伴随数据选取伴随通道；将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过伴随通道发送报文 至接收端，以使得接收端能够从报文中提取待伴随数据。
本申请实施例还提供另一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以执行上述各实施例提供的数据接收方法，例如包括：接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文；从报文中提取待伴随数据；其中，报文为发送端将待伴随数据与伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装形成的，伴随通道为发送端基于待伴随数据选取得到的。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。基于这样的理解，上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取待伴随数据；
    基于所述待伴随数据选取伴随通道；
    将所述待伴随数据与所述伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过所述伴随通道发送所述报文至接收端，以使得所述接收端能够从所述报文中提取所述待伴随数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取待伴随数据，具体包括：
    获取若干段候选待伴随数据；
    基于每一所述候选待伴随数据的优先权和/或待伴随字节数，从所述若干段候选待伴随数据中选取所述待伴随数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述待伴随数据选取伴随通道，具体包括：
    获取若干个传输通道；
    基于所述待伴随数据的传输需求与每一所述传输通道的通道状态，从所述若干个传输通道中选取所述伴随通道；
    其中，所述待伴随数据的传输需求包括待伴随目的地址、待伴随字节数、待伴随时间区间、安全保障需求、待伴随数据的传输时延需求、待伴随数据的稳定性需求中的任意一种或多种；对应地，所述传输通道的通道状态包括通道目的地址通道、通道可伴随字节数、可伴随时间、安全保障机制、通道传输时延、通道稳定性中的任意一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述报文包括原始数据首部、所述原始数据载荷、伴随数据首部和所述待伴随数据中的任意一种或多种；
    所述原始数据首部包括源地址、目的地址、报文长度、原始数据载荷长度中的任意一种或多种；
    所述伴随数据首部包括伴随数据长度、伴随数据分片标志、伴随数据包序列号中的任意一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于每一所述候选待 伴随数据的优先权和/或待伴随字节数，从所述若干段候选待伴随数据中选取所述待伴随数据，具体包括：
    按照优先权由高到低的顺序对所述若干段候选待伴随数据进行排序，对于优先权相同的候选待伴随数据，按照待伴随字节数从小到大的顺序进行排序，形成候选待伴随数据序列；从所述候选待伴随数据序列的首位字节处开始，截取预设伴随字节数个字节作为待伴随数据。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述待伴随数据的传输需求与每一所述传输通道的通道状态，从所述若干个传输通道中选取所述伴随通道，具体包括：
    若任一所述传输通道的通道目的地址与所述待伴随目的地址一致，或所述任一传输通道的通道目的地址对应的接收端能够将所述待伴随数据传输至所述待伴随目的地址，则将所述任一传输通道作为伴随通道。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述待伴随数据的传输需求与每一所述传输通道的通道状态，从所述若干个传输通道中选取所述伴随通道，具体包括：
    若任一所述传输通道的通道目的地址与所述待伴随目的地址一致，或所述任一传输通道的通道目的地址对应的接收端能够将所述待伴随数据传输至所述待伴随目的地址，则将所述任一传输通道作为候选传输通道；
    若任一所述候选传输通道的所述通道可伴随字节数大于所述待伴随字节数，所述可伴随时间在所述待伴随时间区间内，所述安全保障机制满足所述安全保障需求，所述通道传输时延小于等于所述待伴随数据的传输时延需求，且所述通道稳定性满足所述待伴随数据的稳定性需求，则将所述任一候选传输通道作为所述伴随通道。
  8. 一种数据接收方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文；
    从所述报文中提取待伴随数据；
    其中，所述报文为所述发送端将所述待伴随数据与所述伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装形成的，所述伴随通道为所述发送端基于所述待伴随数据选取得到的。
  9. 一种数据传输装置，其特征在于，包括：
    数据获取单元，用于获取待伴随数据；
    通道选取单元，用于基于所述待伴随数据选取伴随通道；
    封装发送单元，用于将所述待伴随数据与所述伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装为报文，通过所述伴随通道发送所述报文至接收端，以使得所述接收端能够从所述报文中提取所述待伴随数据。
  10. 一种数据接收装置，其特征在于，包括：
    报文接收单元，用于接收发送端通过伴随通道发送的报文；
    数据提取单元，用于从所述报文中提取待伴随数据；其中，所述报文为所述发送端将所述待伴随数据与所述伴随通道的原始数据载荷封装形成的，所述伴随通道为所述发送端基于所述待伴随数据选取得到的。
  11. 一种数据传输系统，其特征在于，包括发送端和接收端；
    所述发送端包括如权利要求9所述的数据传输装置；
    所述接收端包括如权利要求10所述的数据接收装置。
  12. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括处理器、通信接口、存储器和总线，其中，处理器，通信接口，存储器通过总线完成相互间的通信，处理器可以调用存储器中的逻辑指令，以执行如权利要求1至8任一所述的方法。
  13. 一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至8任一所述的方法。
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