WO2020098334A1 - 下行数据的乱序控制方法及装置 - Google Patents

下行数据的乱序控制方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020098334A1
WO2020098334A1 PCT/CN2019/103422 CN2019103422W WO2020098334A1 WO 2020098334 A1 WO2020098334 A1 WO 2020098334A1 CN 2019103422 W CN2019103422 W CN 2019103422W WO 2020098334 A1 WO2020098334 A1 WO 2020098334A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network element
data transmission
user plane
transmission path
data
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PCT/CN2019/103422
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李永翠
余芳
李岩
倪慧
吴义壮
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to KR1020217016183A priority Critical patent/KR102586114B1/ko
Priority to EP19884414.4A priority patent/EP3869861A4/en
Priority to AU2019378221A priority patent/AU2019378221B9/en
Publication of WO2020098334A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020098334A1/zh
Priority to US17/318,814 priority patent/US11910244B2/en
Priority to US18/422,915 priority patent/US20240172052A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/02—Buffering or recovering information during reselection ; Modification of the traffic flow during hand-off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/12—Reselecting a serving backbone network switching or routing node
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1273—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of downlink data flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of mobile communications, and in particular to a method and device for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data.
  • the data transmission path between the terminal and the data network is switched, which may lead to a common node (also called path aggregation) on the two data transmission paths before and after path switching Network element), which can simultaneously receive the downlink data on the two data transmission paths within a certain period of time, and because the path aggregation network element cannot distinguish the sending order of the downlink data on the two data transmission paths, it may cause downlink data packets Out of order.
  • a common node also called path aggregation
  • the present application provides a method and device for controlling out-of-sequence of downstream data to solve the out-of-sequence problem of downstream data packets.
  • the present application provides a method for controlling out-of-sequence downlink data, including: the control plane network element determines to switch the data transmission path.
  • the control plane network element sends indication information to the path aggregation network element.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path before sending the downlink data of the second data transmission path, the first data transmission
  • the path is a data transmission path before switching
  • the second data transmission path is a data transmission path after switching.
  • control plane network element can instruct the path aggregation network element to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path after the downlink data of the first data transmission path is completed, thereby solving the problem of the disorder of the downlink data packets and improving User experience.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element until the end mark of the first data transmission path is received, and then sends the downlink data packet of the second data transmission path, and the end mark is used to indicate the first data The transmission of downlink data on the transmission path is completed.
  • control plane network element determining to switch the data transmission path includes: in the process of changing the session anchor point, the control plane network element determining to switch from the first session anchor point to the second session anchor point, wherein, The first session anchor point is located on the first data transmission path, and the second session anchor point is located on the second data transmission path.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the access network device
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and the access network device
  • the path aggregation network element is an access network device.
  • the path aggregation network element is the user plane Network element.
  • the path aggregation network element is the second session anchor.
  • the control plane network element determining to switch the data transmission path includes: during the user plane connection recovery process, the control plane network element determines to switch from the first user plane network element to the second user plane network element , Where the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the first user plane network element, the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the second user plane network element, and the first If there is a connection between a user plane network element and a second user plane network element, the path aggregation network element is the second user plane network element.
  • the present application provides a method for controlling out-of-sequence downlink data, which includes: a path aggregation network element receives instruction information of a control plane network element.
  • the path aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path after the downlink data of the first data transmission path is completed according to the instruction information, and the first data transmission path is the data transmission path before switching, the second data transmission path It is the data transmission path after switching.
  • the control plane network element can instruct the path aggregation network element to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path after the downlink data of the first data transmission path is completed, thereby solving the problem of the disorder of the downlink data packets and improving User experience.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element until the end mark of the first data transmission path is received, and then sends the downlink data packet of the second data transmission path, and the end mark is used to indicate the first data The transmission of downlink data on the transmission path is completed.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor point, and the access network device, and the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor.
  • Point and access network equipment the path aggregation network element is the access network equipment.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and user plane network element
  • the path aggregation network element is the user plane network element.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor point, and the second session anchor point
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network and the second session anchor point
  • the path aggregation network Yuan is the second session anchor
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, session anchor point, and first user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, session anchor point.
  • the second user plane network element and there is a connection between the first user plane network element and the second user plane network element after the user plane path is switched, the path aggregation network element is the second user plane network element.
  • the present application provides a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data, which includes: in a switching process of an access network device, a control plane network element establishes a first user plane connection between a path aggregation network element and an access network device . In the process of changing the session anchor point, the control plane network element establishes a second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device.
  • the first user plane connection is used for the path aggregation network element to send the received downlink data from the first data transmission path to the access network device
  • the second user plane connection is used for the path aggregation network element to receive the received data from the first
  • the downlink data of the second data transmission path is sent to the access network device, the first data transmission path is the path before the session anchor point is changed in the session anchor point change process, and the second data transmission path is the path after the session anchor point is changed.
  • the control plane network element establishes two user plane connections between the path aggregation network element and the access network device, so that different user plane connections can be used to send the downlink data and second data of the first data transmission path, respectively Downlink data of the transmission path, so that the access network device can distinguish the downlink data of the first data transmission path from the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and then the access network device can first send the downlink data of the first data transmission path After the completion, and then the downlink data of the second data transmission path, thereby solving the problem of out of order.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and user plane network element
  • the path aggregation network element is a user plane network element.
  • the path aggregation network element is the second session anchor.
  • the control plane network element establishing the second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device includes: the control plane network element sends the first indication information to the access network device. An indication information is used to instruct the access network device to allocate the tunnel information of the second user plane connection.
  • the control plane network element receives the tunnel information of the second user plane connection from the access network device.
  • the control plane network element sends the tunnel information of the second user plane connection to the path aggregation network element.
  • control plane network element also sends second indication information to the path aggregation network element, where the second indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element to pass the downlink data of the second data transmission path through the second user plane
  • the connected tunnel is sent to the access network device.
  • the present application provides a method for controlling out-of-sequence downlink data, including: in a user plane connection recovery process, the control plane network element determines to switch from the first user plane network element to the second user plane network element.
  • the control plane network element establishes a first user plane connection between the second user plane network element and the access network device, and establishes a second user plane connection between the second user plane network element and the access network device.
  • the first user plane connection is used for the path aggregation network element to send the received downlink data from the first data transmission path to the access network device
  • the second user plane connection is used for the path aggregation network element to receive the received data from the first
  • the downlink data of the second data transmission path is sent to the access network device, the first data transmission path is the path before the user plane network element is switched, and the second data transmission path is the path after the user plane network element is switched.
  • the control plane network element establishes two user plane connections between the path aggregation network element and the access network device, so that different user plane connections can be used to send the downlink data and second data of the first data transmission path, respectively Downlink data of the transmission path, so that the access network device can distinguish the downlink data of the first data transmission path from the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and then the access network device can first send the downlink data of the first data transmission path After the completion, and then the downlink data of the second data transmission path, thereby solving the problem of out of order.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the first user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the second user plane network element
  • the establishment of the second user plane connection between the second user plane network element and the access network device by the control plane network element includes: the control plane network element sends the first indication information to the access network device The first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to allocate tunnel information of the second user plane connection.
  • the control plane network element receives the tunnel information of the second user plane connection from the access network device.
  • the control plane network element sends the tunnel information of the second user plane connection to the second user plane network element.
  • control plane network element also sends second indication information to the second user plane network element, where the second indication information is used to instruct the second user plane network element to pass the downlink data of the second data transmission path
  • the second user plane connection is sent to the access network device.
  • the present application provides a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data, including: a path aggregation network element receiving downlink data of a first data transmission path and downlink data of a second data transmission path.
  • the path aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the first data transmission path to the access network device through the first user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device.
  • the path aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path to the access network device through the second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device.
  • two user plane connections are established between the path aggregation network element and the access network device, so that different user plane connections can be used to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the downlink of the second data transmission path, respectively Data, so that the access network device can distinguish the downlink data of the first data transmission path from the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and then the access network device can send the downlink data of the first data transmission path first, and then Downlink data of the second data transmission path, thereby solving the out-of-order problem.
  • the path aggregation network element before the path aggregation network element receives the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the time downlink data of the second data transmission path, it also receives indication information from the control plane network element, where the indication information is used to indicate the path
  • the aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the second transmission path to the access network device through the second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device.
  • the path aggregation network element receives tunnel information of the second user plane connection of the access network device sent by the control plane network element.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the session anchor point is changed in the session anchor point change process
  • the second data transmission path is the path after the session anchor point is changed.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and user plane network element
  • the path aggregation network element is a user plane network element.
  • the path aggregation network element is the second session anchor.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the user plane path is switched in the user plane connection restoration process
  • the second data transmission path is the path after the user plane path is switched in the user plane connection restoration process
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the first user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the second user plane network element
  • the present application provides a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data, which includes: the access network device receives the path of the first data transmission path sent by the convergence network element through the first user plane connection with the access network device Downlink data, and the downlink data of the second data transmission path sent by the converging network element of the receiving path through the second user plane connection with the access network device, the first data transmission path is the data transmission path before path switching, the second The data transmission path is the data transmission path after path switching.
  • the access network device sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path after sending the downlink data of the first data transmission path.
  • two user plane connections are established between the path aggregation network element and the access network device, so that different user plane connections can be used to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the downlink of the second data transmission path, respectively Data, so that the access network device can distinguish the downlink data of the first data transmission path from the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and then the access network device can send the downlink data of the first data transmission path first, and then Downlink data of the second data transmission path, thereby solving the out-of-order problem.
  • the access network device receives instruction information sent by the control plane network element, where the instruction information is used to instruct the access network device to allocate tunnel information of the second user plane connection.
  • the access network device distributes the tunnel information of the second user plane connection and sends the tunnel information of the second user plane connection to the control plane network element.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the session anchor point is changed in the session anchor point change process
  • the second data transmission path is the path after the session anchor point is changed.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and user plane network element
  • the path aggregation network element is a user plane network element.
  • the path aggregation network element is the second session anchor.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the user plane path is switched in the user plane connection restoration process
  • the second data transmission path is the path after the user plane path is switched in the user plane connection restoration process
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the first user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the second user plane network element
  • the present application provides an apparatus, which may be a control plane network element, a path aggregation network element, an access network device, or a chip.
  • the device has the above first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, or the above second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, or the above third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect, or the above
  • This function can be realized by hardware, and can also be realized by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • an apparatus including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer-executed instructions, and when the apparatus is running, the processor executes the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory to cause the apparatus to execute A method as described in the first aspect or any one of the first aspects above, or a method as described in the second aspect or any one of the second aspects above, or a method as described in the third aspect or any one of the third aspects above.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the first aspect or any one of the first aspects
  • the present application also provides a computer program product including instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, or perform the above
  • the method described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, performing the method described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect, performing the method described in the fourth aspect or any embodiment of the fourth aspect The method described, performing the method described in the fifth aspect or any embodiment of the fifth aspect above, and performing the method described in the sixth aspect or any embodiment of the sixth aspect above.
  • the present application further provides a system including the control plane network element in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, and, in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect Converging network elements.
  • the present application also provides a system including the control plane network element in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect, and the path in the fifth aspect or any embodiment of the fifth aspect An aggregation network element, and the access network device in the above sixth aspect or any embodiment of the sixth aspect.
  • the present application also provides a system including the control plane network element in any embodiment of the fourth aspect or fifth aspect above, and the path in any embodiment of the fifth aspect or fifth aspect above An aggregation network element, and the access network device in the above sixth aspect or any embodiment of the sixth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible network architecture provided by this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a PSA change process provided by this application.
  • Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of another PSA change process provided by this application.
  • Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of another PSA change process provided by this application.
  • Figure 2 (c) is another schematic diagram of the PSA change process provided by this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by this application for a downlink triggered user plane connection recovery process
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of yet another method for controlling out-of-sequence data provided by the present application.
  • 11 is a flowchart of another method for controlling out-of-sequence data provided by the present application.
  • 13 is a flowchart of another method for controlling out-of-sequence downlink data provided by this application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of another device provided by the present application.
  • the network architecture includes access network equipment (the access network equipment in the figure is a radio access network (RAN) device as an example), and user plane network elements (the user plane network elements in the figure are user plane functions ( User equipment (UPF) network element as an example), mobility management network element (in the figure, the mobility management network element is used as an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element as an example), session Management network element (in the figure, session management network element is taken as session management function (SMF) network element as an example).
  • RAN radio access network
  • UPF User equipment
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function
  • the interface between the terminal and the AMF network element can be called the N1 interface
  • the interface between the AMF network element and the RAN device can be called the N2 interface
  • the interface between the RAN device and the UPF network element can be called the N3 interface
  • SMF The interface between the network element and the UPF network element
  • the interface between the AMF network element and the SMF network element can be called the N11 interface
  • the interface between the UPF network element and the data network (DN) can be Called the N6 interface.
  • the names of the above network elements may change, and the names of the interfaces between the network elements may also change.
  • the user plane network element is mainly responsible for processing user packets, such as forwarding, charging, and lawful interception.
  • the user plane network element may be the UPF network element shown in FIG. 1.
  • the user plane network element may still be It is a UPF network element, or has another name, and this application is not limited.
  • Session management NEs are mainly used for session management in mobile networks, such as session establishment, modification, and release. Specific functions include assigning Internet protocol (IP) addresses to terminals and selecting user plane NEs that provide packet forwarding functions Wait.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the session management network element may be the SMF network element shown in FIG. 1.
  • the session management network element may still be the SMF network element, or have other names, which are not limited in this application .
  • the session management network element may also be called a control plane network element.
  • the mobility management network element is mainly used for the registration, mobility management, and tracking area update processes of terminals in the mobile network.
  • the mobility management network element terminates non-access stratum (NAS) messages, completes registration management, connection management, and reachability management, assigns tracking area lists (track, area list, TA list), and mobility management, etc. And transparently route the session management (session) message to the session management network element.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • the mobility management network element may be the AMF network element shown in FIG. 1.
  • future communications such as 6G communication, the mobility management network element may still be the AMF network element, or have other names. Not limited.
  • Data network refers to the operator network that provides users with data transmission services, such as IP multimedia services (IP Multi-media Service (IMS), Internet (Internet) terminals through the establishment of terminals, access network equipment, user plane network elements , And the session between data networks (protocol data (protocol data, PDU) session) to access the data network.
  • IP Multi-media Service IMS
  • Internet Internet
  • PDU session between data networks
  • the terminal is a device with wireless transceiver function.
  • the terminal can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water (such as ships); it can also be deployed in the air (such as aircraft, balloons and Satellite first class).
  • the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, an industrial control (industrial control) Wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety,
  • Terminals can also be cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistants, PDAs), and wireless communication functions Handheld devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in future 5G networks or terminals in future public land mobile communications networks (PLMN) Equipment etc.
  • Terminals are sometimes referred to as terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), access terminal equipment, vehicle-mounted terminals, industrial control terminals, UE units, UE stations, mobile stations, mobile stations, remote stations, remote terminal equipment, mobile Equipment, UE terminal equipment, terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, UE agents or UE devices, etc.
  • the terminal may also be fixed or mobile. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • An access network device also known as a RAN device, is a device that provides wireless communication functions for terminals.
  • Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, 5G next-generation base stations (gNodeB, gNB), evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B ( node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved node B, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseBand unit) , BBU), transmitting point (transmitting and receiving point, TRP), transmitting point (transmitting point, TP), mobile switching center, etc.
  • 5G next-generation base stations gNodeB, gNB
  • evolved node B evolved node B
  • eNB evolved node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • the access network device may also be a wireless controller, a centralized unit (CU), and / or a distributed unit (DU) in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or this
  • the network device may be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device in a future 5G network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network.
  • the terminal can communicate with multiple access network devices of different technologies. For example, the terminal can communicate with an access network device that supports long-term evolution (LTE) networks, and can also communicate with an access network device that supports 5G networks. It can also support dual connection with the access network equipment of LTE network and the access network equipment of 5G network.
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • 5G 5G network
  • the above function may be a network element in a hardware device, or a software function running on dedicated hardware, or a virtualized function instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).
  • the user plane network element is a UPF network element
  • the access network device is a RAN device
  • the session management network element is an SMF network element
  • the mobility management network element is an AMF network element
  • the terminal is a UE Be explained.
  • the UPF network element is referred to as UPF
  • the RAN device is referred to as RAN
  • the SMF network element is referred to as SMF
  • the AMF network element is referred to as AMF. That is, the UPF described later in this application can be replaced with user plane network elements, RAN can be replaced with access network equipment, SMF can be replaced with SMF, AMF network elements can be replaced with AMF, and UE can be replaced with terminals.
  • the state of the UE includes an idle state (IDLE) and a connected state (CONNECTED).
  • IDL idle state
  • CONNECTED connected state
  • the UE may also include other states, which are not limited in this application.
  • the air interface connections corresponding to all sessions of the UE that is, the wireless connection between the UE and the RAN, and the N3 connection between the RAN and the UPF are released.
  • the N2 signaling connection between RAN and AMF is released, and the N1 connection between UE and AMF is released.
  • the PSA may also be called a session anchor.
  • the PSA may be a UPF network element with an IP anchor function, or a UPF network element with a service anchor function.
  • the IP anchoring function refers to the UE's IP anchoring point, that is, when the anchoring point is unchanged, the UE's IP remains unchanged;
  • the service anchoring point refers to the service continuity is not affected when the anchoring point is unchanged.
  • the IP When the PSA changes, the IP will change; the service anchoring function means that when the PSA changes, the service continuity will be affected.
  • PSA change may also be called PSA handover, or session anchor switch, or anchor redirection.
  • PSA change refers to the change or switching of the PSA in the data transmission path.
  • FIG. 2 it is a schematic diagram of the PSA change process.
  • the UE accesses the DN through RAN1, I-UPF1 (the path may not have the I-UPF1) and PSA1, that is, the UE data transmission path (or user plane path) is shown by the thin dashed line in FIG. , After: UE, RAN1 (I-UPF1), PSA1, DN.
  • the UE After the UE moves, it accesses the DN through RAN2, I-UPF2 (the path may not have the I-UPF2) and PSA1, that is, the UE data transmission path (or user plane path) is shown by the thick dashed line in FIG. 2 , After: UE, RAN2, (I-UPF2), PSA1, DN.
  • the data transmission path is also referred to as the first data transmission path, which is the data transmission path before the PSA change occurs in the PSA change process.
  • the SMF may decide to redirect the anchor because the path is not optimal, that is, re-select a new anchor PSA2 and change the data transmission path, and the changed data transmission path of the UE (or called user plane path) such as As shown by the thick solid line in Fig. 2, passing through: UE, RAN2, (I-UPF2), PSA2, DN.
  • the data transmission path is also referred to as a second data transmission path, that is, the data transmission path after the PSA change occurs in the PSA change process.
  • the application server (AS) in the DN may start to send downlink data (or downlink packets) from the second data transmission path to the UE.
  • the application server sends downlink data to the UE from the second data transmission path, there may be downlink data that is not sent to the UE on the first data transmission path, and because the first data transmission path is not optimal (for example, the path is long ).
  • the downlink data on the second data transmission path may arrive at RAN2 or I-UPF2 before the downlink data on the first data transmission path (when I-UPF2 exists on the path).
  • I-UPF2 since it is impossible to distinguish which downlink data is sent first and which downlink data is sent later, it may cause a disorder of the downlink data, which may cause a decrease in user experience.
  • I-UPF in this application refers to the intermediate UPF.
  • the present application can also divide the PSA change process shown in FIG. 2 into the following three specific application scenarios.
  • Application scenario 1 There is no I-UPF on the data transmission path after the UE moves, that is, the RAN is connected to multiple PSAs at the same time.
  • FIG. 2 (a) it is another schematic diagram of a PSA change process provided by the present application.
  • the data transmission path before the PSA change occurs that is, the first data transmission path passes through: UE, RAN2, PSA1, DN
  • the data transmission path after the PSA change occurs that is, the second data transmission path passes through: UE, RAN2, PSA2, DN.
  • FIG. 2 (b) it is another schematic diagram of a PSA change process provided by the present application.
  • the data transmission path before the PSA change occurs that is, the first data transmission path passes through: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2, PSA1, DN
  • the data transmission path after the PSA change occurs that is, the second data transmission path passes through: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2, PSA2, DN.
  • the first data transmission path and the second data transmission path both have I-UPF (that is, I-UPF2 in the figure), and are the same I-UPF, and the I-UPF and PSA2 are not the same. node.
  • FIG. 2 (c) it is another schematic diagram of a PSA change process provided by the present application.
  • the data transmission path before the PSA change occurs that is, the first data transmission path passes through: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2 / PSA2, PSA1, DN, where there is a user plane connection between PSA1 and I-UPF2 / PSA2 .
  • the data transmission path after the PSA change occurs that is, the second data transmission path passes through: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2 / PSA2, DN.
  • the first data transmission path and the second data transmission path both have I-UPF (that is, I-UPF2 in the figure), and are the same I-UPF, and the I-UPF2 and PSA2 are the same
  • the node, that is, I-UPF2 can serve as both I-UPF and PSA.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in which a downlink triggers a user plane connection recovery process.
  • the data transmission path (or user plane connection) corresponding to session 1 in the UE is: UE, RAN1, I-UPF1, PSA, DN, as shown by the thin dotted line in FIG. 3.
  • session 1 has downlink data, that is, there is downlink data sent from the DN to the UE, the downlink data cannot be sent to UE.
  • the DN sends the downlink data to the PSA, and then the PSA sends it to the I-UPF1.
  • the I-UPF1 cannot send the downlink data to the RAN1.
  • the I-UPF1 will cache the downlink data, or send the downlink data to the SMF and the SMF caches the downlink data; on the other hand, trigger the user plane connection recovery process.
  • the user plane connection recovery process may be a paging process; when the UE is in the connected state but the user plane connection corresponding to session 1 is deactivated, the user plane connection recovery process is recovery session 1 Corresponding user plane connection process.
  • the application scenario considered in this application is that the UE has moved before the downlink data triggers the restoration of the user plane connection.
  • the UE has moved from the coverage of RAN1 to the coverage of RAN2, and RAN2 cannot directly connect to I-UPF1.
  • RAN2 can connect to I-UPF1 through I-UPF2 Therefore, in the user plane connection restoration process, the restored user plane connections are: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2, PSA, DN, as shown by the thick solid line in FIG. 3, in this application, the user plane connection is also called The second data transmission path.
  • a forwarding tunnel can be established between the I-UPF1 and I-UPF2 to transmit the buffered downlink Data, as shown by the thick dashed line in Figure 3, is the data transmission path (or user plane connection) used to transmit the downlink data of the I-UPF1 buffer after the user plane connection is restored, through: DN, PSA, I-UPF1 , I-UPF2, RAN2, and UE, where there is a user plane connection between I-UPF1 and I-UPF2, and in this application, the data transmission path is also referred to as a first data transmission path. It should be noted that if the downlink data that is not sent to the UE is buffered in the SMF before the user plane connection is restored, the SMF can send the downlink data to the I-UPF2 after the user plane connection is restored.
  • the application server in the DN may start to send downlink data (or downlink packets) from the second data transmission path to the UE.
  • the application server sends downlink data from the second data transmission path to the UE, there may be downlink data that is not sent to the UE on the first data transmission path, for example, it is buffered in I-UPF1, so it needs to pass the first data transmission path Transfer to UE.
  • I-UPF2 downlink data sent by PSA from the second data transmission path; (2) downlink data sent by I-UPF1 from the first data transmission path Cached downstream data.
  • Scenario 1 The continuous delivery of downlink data does not depend on the trigger / response of uplink data, such as only downlink (mobile-terminated only, MT-only) type services.
  • the continuous delivery of downlink data depends on the trigger / response of the uplink data
  • the downlink data will not be continuously sent, so the second data shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 Downlink data will not be sent on the transmission path (ie, the newly established user plane connection), and as a result, I-UPF2 will not receive downlink data from the two data transmission paths, so there will be no out-of-order problems.
  • downstream data can be sent after the establishment of a new user plane connection is completed, which may cause out-of-order problems on I-UPF2, so This application is applicable to the scenario where the continuous delivery of downlink data does not depend on the trigger / response of uplink data.
  • an Ethernet-type session may only transmit downlink data, such as an event-controlled signal, and send downlink data to the UE when an event occurs.
  • downlink data such as an event-controlled signal
  • the amount of downlink data of the first data transmission path buffered on PSA1 in FIG. 2 or I-UPF1 in FIG. 3 is relatively large.
  • the uplink data will be sent to the DN.
  • the DN After receiving the uplink data, the DN has established the second data transmission path at this time, then the DN will continue to send the downlink data to the UE on the second data transmission path At the same time, there is still downlink data sent to the UE on the first data transmission path, causing I-UPF2 in FIG. 2 or FIG.
  • case 1 and case 2 are only examples, and the present application is not limited to the above two cases.
  • the present application is also applicable to other cases where there is a problem of out-of-order in the flow shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3.
  • this application In response to the disorder of the downlink data in the above-mentioned PSA change process or the downlink triggered user plane connection recovery process, this application combines different application scenarios and provides different solutions, which are described in detail below.
  • this application takes the control plane network element as an SMF as an example to describe the embodiments of the present application. This application is also applicable to the scenario where the control plane network element is another network element.
  • the PSA, I-UPF, and RAN in the first data transmission path before the PSA change may be called the first PSA, (second UPF,) second RAN, or may also be called It is PSA1, (I-UPF2,) RAN2.
  • the PSA, UPF, and RAN in the second data transmission path after the PSA change may be called a second PSA, (second UPF,) second RAN, or PSA2, (I-UPF2,) RAN2, respectively.
  • the I-UPF and RAN in the first data transmission path before the UPF change can be called the first UPF and the second RAN, or I-UPF1 and RAN2, respectively.
  • the I-UPF and RAN in the second data transmission path after the UPF change may be referred to as the second UPF and the second RAN, respectively, or may also be referred to as I-UPF2 and RAN2.
  • FIG. 4 it is a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application.
  • the idea of this method to solve the above-mentioned downstream data out-of-order problem is that the SMF instructs the path aggregation network element to send the old data first (that is, the downstream data of the first data transmission path), and then sends the new data after the old data is sent ( That is, the downstream data of the second data transmission path), thereby solving the out-of-order problem.
  • the path aggregation network element refers to a network node where the first data transmission path and the second data transmission path converge.
  • This embodiment can be applied to the above three application scenarios in the PSA change process, that is, it can solve the problem of the disorder of the downlink data in the application scenarios shown in FIG. 2 (a), FIG. 2 (b), and FIG. 2 (c).
  • the path aggregation network element refers to RAN2; for Figure 2 (b), the path aggregation network element refers to I-UPF2; for Figure 2 (c), the path aggregation network element refers to PSA2 / I-UPF2 (here I-UPF2 and PSA2 are the same node, that is, I-UPF2 can be used as both UPF and PSA).
  • This embodiment can also be applied to the application scenario in the user plane connection recovery process, that is, it can solve the problem of the disorder of the downlink data in the application scenario shown in FIG. 3.
  • the path aggregation network element refers to I-UPF2.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • step 401 the SMF determines to switch the data transmission path.
  • the switching data transmission path may be the switching data transmission path in the above PSA change process, that is, in the PSA change process, the SMF determines to switch from PSA1 to PSA2, where PSA1 is located in the first data transmission path and PSA2 is located in the second data transmission path .
  • the switch data transmission path may also be the switch data transmission path in the user plane connection recovery process described above.
  • the SMF determines to switch from I-UPF1 to I-UPF2, where the first data transmission path passes through DN, PSA and I-UPF1. Two data transmission paths pass through DN, PSA and I-UPF2, and there is a connection between I-UPF1 and I-UPF2 after the user plane path is switched.
  • the SMF may determine to switch the data transmission path according to the location information of the UE. That is, when the UE moves, the UE may determine that the data transmission path needs to be switched according to the latest position of the UE.
  • step 402 the SMF sends instruction information to the path aggregation network element.
  • the path aggregation network element can receive the indication information.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element to send the downlink data of the second data transmission path after the downlink data of the first data transmission path is completed, where the first data transmission path is the data transmission path before switching, the first The second data transmission path is the switched data transmission path.
  • Another way to describe the indication information is that the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element to associate the first data transmission path with the second data transmission path. In this way, after the path aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the first data transmission path, the downlink data of the second data transmission path is sent.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element until the end marker of the first data transmission path is received, and then sends the downstream data packet of the second data transmission path, and the end marker is used to indicate the first
  • the downlink data transmission of a data transmission path is completed. That is, the path aggregation network element can simultaneously receive the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and the path aggregation network element buffers the downlink data of the second data transmission path if the first data transmission path If the downlink data does not include an end mark, the path aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the first data transmission path to the UE.
  • the path aggregation network element obtains the downlink data of the second data transmission path from the buffer and sends it to the UE. After sending the buffered downlink data of the second data transmission path, the subsequent second data transmission can be sent in the normal manner Downstream data of the path. That is, when the path aggregation network element receives the downlink data of the first data transmission path as the end mark, the path aggregation network element starts to send the downlink data of the second data transmission path.
  • the end marker can be a message, which can be called an end marker message.
  • the end marker message is the last message in the data transmission path.
  • Step 403 The path aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path after sending the downlink data of the first data transmission path according to the instruction information.
  • control plane network element such as SMF may instruct the path aggregation network element to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path before sending the downlink data of the second data transmission path, thereby solving the PSA
  • the out-of-order problem of the downstream data packets in the change process or the user plane connection recovery process improves the user experience.
  • the two user plane connections send new data (ie, downlink data of the second data transmission path) to RAN2, so that RAN2 can distinguish the downlink data of the first data transmission path from the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and then RAN2 can first
  • the downlink data of the first data transmission path is sent, and then the downlink data of the second data transmission path, thereby solving the out-of-order problem.
  • the path aggregation network element is a network node where the first data transmission path and the second data transmission path converge.
  • This embodiment can be applied to the foregoing application scenario 2 and application scenario 3 in the PSA change process, that is, it can solve the problem of the disorder of the downlink data in the application scenarios shown in FIG. 2 (b) and FIG. 2 (c).
  • the path aggregation network element refers to I-UPF2; for Figure 2 (c), the path aggregation network element refers to PSA2 / I-UPF2.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 501 In the RAN handover process, the SMF establishes a first user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the RAN.
  • the RAN accessed by the UE may be switched from RAN1 to RAN2.
  • the RAN in Embodiment 5 refers to RAN2 after RAN handover.
  • the RAN handover process is triggered.
  • the first data transmission path is established, and a user plane connection between the RAN and the path aggregation network element is established, which is called a first user plane connection.
  • the first user plane connection refers to the user plane connection between the RAN and I-UPF2.
  • the first user plane connection refers to the user plane connection between the RAN and PSA2 / I-UPF2.
  • the first user plane connection is used by the path aggregation network element to send the received downlink data from the first data transmission path to the RAN2.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the PSA change in the PSA change process after the RAN switching process.
  • Step 502 In the PSA change process, the SMF establishes a second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the RAN.
  • the SMF further establishes a second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the RAN.
  • the second user plane connection is used by the path aggregation network element to receive the second data
  • the downlink data of the transmission path is sent to the RAN, and the second data transmission path is the path after the PSA is changed.
  • the second user plane connection may also be referred to as a forwarding tunnel between the path aggregation network element and the RAN.
  • SMF establishes a second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the RAN through the following method: SMF sends first indication information to the RAN, and the first indication information is used to instruct the RAN to allocate the second user plane connection Tunnel information, the RAN allocates the tunnel information of the second user plane connection and sends the tunnel information of the second user plane connection to the SMF. After receiving the tunnel information of the second user plane connection sent by the RAN, the SMF aggregates the network elements to the path The tunnel information of the second user plane connection is sent, so that the path aggregation network element can obtain the tunnel information of the second user plane connection of the RAN.
  • the SMF may also send second indication information to the path aggregation network element, where the second indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element to send the downlink data of the second data transmission path to the RAN through the second user plane connection.
  • the subsequent path aggregation network element may send the downlink data of the second data transmission path to the RAN through the second user plane connection.
  • step 502 it may further include:
  • Step 503 The path aggregation network element receives the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the downlink data of the second data transmission path.
  • the path aggregation network element that is, I-UPF2, receives the downlink data of the first data transmission path from PSA1 and the downlink data of the second data transmission path from PSA2.
  • the path aggregation network element that is, PSA2 / I-UPF2 receives the downlink data of the first data transmission path from PSA1 and the downlink data of the second data transmission path from DN.
  • Step 504 The path aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the first data transmission path to the RAN through the first user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the RAN.
  • Step 505 The path aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path to the RAN through the second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the RAN.
  • step 504 there is no strict sequence between step 504 and step 505, and the two steps can also be performed simultaneously, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • step 505 it may further include:
  • Step 506 After sending the downlink data of the first data transmission path, the RAN sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path.
  • the RAN After receiving the end marker from the first data transmission path, the RAN confirms that the downlink data transmission of the first data transmission path is completed, and then sends the buffered downlink data of the second data transmission path to the UE.
  • the SMF establishes two user plane connections between the path aggregation network element and the RAN, so that different user plane connections can be used to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the downlink data of the second data transmission path, respectively.
  • the RAN can distinguish the downlink data of the first data transmission path from the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and then the RAN can send the downlink data of the first data transmission path first, and then the downlink of the second data transmission path Data to solve the problem of disorder.
  • FIG. 6 it is another method for controlling the out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application.
  • the idea of this method to solve the above-mentioned downlink data out-of-order problem is that the SMF instructs to establish two user plane connections. Among them, the old data (ie, the downlink data of the first data transmission path) is sent to the RAN through the first user plane connection.
  • the two user plane connections send new data (ie, downlink data of the second data transmission path) to the RAN, so that the RAN can distinguish the downlink data of the first data transmission path from the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and then the RAN can first Sending the downlink data of the first data transmission path is completed, and then sending the downlink data of the second data transmission path, thereby solving the problem of out-of-order.
  • new data ie, downlink data of the second data transmission path
  • This embodiment can be applied to the application scenario in the user plane connection recovery process, that is, it can solve the problem of the disorder of the downlink data in the application scenario shown in FIG. 3.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 In the user plane connection recovery process, SMF determines to switch from I-UPF1 to I-UPF2.
  • SMF determines that the UE has moved according to the location of the UE, so it reselects I-UPF2 for the UE, that is, switches from I-UPF1 to I-UPF2.
  • Step 602 SMF establishes a first user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN, and establishes a second user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN.
  • the RAN here refers to the RAN re-accessed after the UE moves, that is, RAN2 in FIG. 3.
  • the I-UPF2 here may also be called a path aggregation network element.
  • the first user plane connection is for I-UPF2 to send the received downlink data from the first data transmission path to the RAN
  • the second user plane connection is for I-UPF2 to send the received downlink data from the second data transmission path Sent to the RAN
  • the first data transmission path is the path before UPF switching
  • the second data transmission path is the path after UPF switching.
  • SMF establishes a second user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN by the following method: SMF sends first indication information to RAN, and the first indication information is used to instruct RAN to allocate the second user plane connection.
  • the RAN allocates the tunnel information of the second user plane connection and sends the tunnel information of the second user plane connection to the SMF.
  • the SMF After receiving the tunnel information of the second user plane connection sent by the RAN, the SMF sends the first user plane connection information to the I-UPF2.
  • the tunnel information of the two user plane connections In this way, I-UPF2 can obtain the tunnel information of the second user plane connection of the RAN.
  • the SMF may also send second indication information to the I-UPF2, where the second indication information is used to instruct the I-UPF2 to send the downlink data of the second data transmission path to the RAN through the second user plane connection.
  • the subsequent I-UPF2 may send the downlink data of the second data transmission path to the RAN through the second user plane connection.
  • step 602 it may further include:
  • Step 603 I-UPF2 receives the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the downlink data of the second data transmission path.
  • I-UPF2 receives the downlink data of the first data transmission path from I-UPF1, and receives the downlink data of the second data transmission path from PSA.
  • Step 604 I-UPF2 sends the downlink data of the first data transmission path to the RAN through the first user plane connection between I-UPF2 and the RAN.
  • Step 605 I-UPF2 sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path to the RAN through the second user plane connection between I-UPF2 and the RAN.
  • step 605 it may further include:
  • Step 606 After sending the downlink data of the first data transmission path, the RAN sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path.
  • the RAN After receiving the end marker from the first data transmission path, the RAN confirms that the downlink data transmission of the first data transmission path is completed, and then sends the buffered downlink data of the second data transmission path to the UE.
  • SMF establishes two user plane connections between I-UPF2 and RAN, so that different user plane connections can be used to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the downlink data of the second data transmission path, respectively. Therefore, the RAN can distinguish the downlink data of the first data transmission path from the downlink data of the second data transmission path, and then the RAN can send the downlink data of the first data transmission path first, and then the downlink data of the second data transmission path To solve the problem of disorder.
  • UPF distribution tunnel information is used as an example for description.
  • the tunnel information can also be distributed by SMF.
  • FIG. 7 it is a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application. This method is used to solve the out-of-sequence problem of the downstream data in the PSA change process shown in FIG. 2 (a), and this method is a specific implementation of the method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
  • the transmission paths of the uplink and downlink data are: UE, RAN2, PSA1, and AS.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • step 701 the SMF determines the anchor redirection and selects a new anchor PSA2.
  • the SMF determines that the message ordering function is located in RAN2, so SMF needs to instruct RAN2 to buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until it receives the end marker from PSA1.
  • the SMF determines that the message ordering function is located in RAN2, and it can also be described that SMF determines that RAN2 is the convergence point of the path before the anchor redirection and the path after the anchor redirection. In other words, in any of the following scenarios, SMF determines that the message sequencing function is located in RAN2:
  • RAN2 is directly connected to the source PSA (ie PSA1), and RAN2 is directly connected to the target PSA (ie PSA2);
  • RAN2 is directly connected to the source PSA (ie PSA1), and RAN2 is connected to the target PSA (ie PSA2) through I-UPF;
  • RAN2 is connected to the source PSA (ie PSA1) through I-UPF, and RAN2 is directly connected to the target PSA (ie PSA2);
  • RAN2 is connected to the source PSA (ie PSA1) through the I-UPF, and RAN2 is connected to the target PSA (ie PSA2) with another I-UPF.
  • steps 702a-702b and 703a-703d are used to establish a user plane connection between PSA2 and RAN2.
  • Steps 702a-702b the SMF sends an N4 Session Establishment Request (N4 Session Establist Request) to PSA2, carrying the RAN2 tunnel information.
  • PSA2 returns an N4 session establishment response (N4 Session Establishment List Response) to SMF, carrying PSA2 tunnel information.
  • the tunnel information may include at least one of tunnel endpoint identification (TEID), IP address, and so on.
  • TEID tunnel endpoint identification
  • IP address IP address
  • SMF can obtain RAN2 tunnel information in the step of establishing a user plane connection between RAN2 and PSA1 in the RAN handover process.
  • Step 703a SMF sends a session update request to AMF, carrying PSA2 tunnel information and instruction information.
  • the indication information is used to instruct RAN2 to buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until the end marker from PSA1 is received.
  • the indication information can be understood as a forwarding rule.
  • the session update request may be Nsmf_PDUSessionUpdateSMContext Request.
  • Step 703b AMF sends N2 Session Request (N2 Session Request) to RAN2, carrying PSA2 tunnel information and instruction information.
  • Step 703c RAN2 returns an N2 session response to AMF.
  • step 703d the AMF returns a session update response to the SMF.
  • session update response for example, it may be Nsmf_PDUSessionUpdateSMContext Response.
  • step 703c and step 703d are optional steps.
  • the forwarding rules in the DN can be updated, that is, from sending downlink data to the UE through PSA1 to updating to send downlink data to the UE through PSA2.
  • Step 704 the SMF sends an N4 network update request (N4 DN Update request) to PSA2.
  • Step 705 PSA2 sends an upstream message or an address resolution protocol (Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) message to the data network DN according to the received N4 network update request to update the forwarding rules of the switch in the DN.
  • ARP Address Resolution Protocol
  • the ARP message here may be a normal ARP message or a free ARP message.
  • the destination address of the normal ARP message is the IP address of the peer node
  • the destination address of the free ARP message is the UE IP.
  • the DN here may be an application server AS in the Ethernet (Ethernet) DN.
  • the AS sends downlink data to PSA2, and then PSA2 sends the downlink data to RAN2. And, according to the instruction information, RAN2 will buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until it receives the end marker sent by PSA1.
  • PSA2 returns an N4 network update response (N4 DN Update response) to SMF.
  • This step is optional.
  • the following steps 707-708 implement triggering PSA1 to send an end marker.
  • step 707 the SMF sends an N4 anchor change notification (N4 anchor change notification) to PSA1.
  • N4 anchor change notification N4 anchor change notification
  • PSA1 After receiving the N4 anchor switch notification, PSA1 learns that the anchor has switched, that is, switches from PSA1 to PSA2. Therefore, PSA1 sends the end marker on the old path, that is, the path where the PSA1 and RAN2 nodes are located.
  • RAN2 receives the end marker, and learns that the end marker message is the last message on the old path, then RAN2 can send the buffered downlink data from PSA2 to the UE.
  • Step 704 the SMF starts a timer. When the timer expires, the SMF notifies PSA1 to send an end marker. Or, in step 705, PSA2 starts a timer. When the timer expires, PSA2 notifies PSA1 to send an end marker via SMF.
  • Method 2 When PSA1 receives the uplink message or ARP message broadcast by PSA2 in step 705, it triggers the end marker to send.
  • this application does not necessarily rely on the sending of end markers, and the sending of buffered downlink messages can also be achieved through a timer mechanism.
  • the meaning of the timer is the Ethernet forwarding rule update time, and the timer timeout indicates that the Ethernet forwarding rule update is completed.
  • the size of the timer is not limited in this application, for example, it can be based on policy configuration.
  • the specific description is as follows: If the SMF or PSA2 starts the timer (if the SMF starts the timer, it starts in step 704; if the PSA2 starts the timer, then starts the timer in step 705), when the timer expires, the RAN2 is notified to start Send the buffered downlink data to the UE.
  • the instruction information in step 703a and step 703b is used to instruct RAN2 to buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until RAN2 receives the instruction from SMF, which is triggered by the timer timeout.
  • the application server may also send the end marker.
  • the way to trigger the AS to send the end marker is similar to the way to trigger the PSA1 to send the end marker, and there are two ways as follows:
  • Method 1 Timer mechanism.
  • the timer can be started by SMF, or PSA2, or AS. If the timer is started by SMF or PSA2, when the timer expires, the AS is instructed to send an end marker to the old path through SMF; if the timer is started by the AS, when the timer expires, the AS sends the end marker to the old path.
  • Method 2 When the AS receives the uplink message or ARP message broadcast by PSA2 in step 705, it triggers the end marker to send.
  • PSA1 returns an N4 anchor switch notification response (N4 anchor change notification Response).
  • This step is optional.
  • FIG. 8 it is a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application. This method is used to solve the problem of the disorder of the downstream data in the PSA change process shown in FIG. 2 (b), and this method is a specific implementation of the method of the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the transmission paths of the uplink and downlink data are: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2, PSA1, and AS.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 801 is the same as step 701 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.
  • step 801 the SMF determines that the message ordering function is located in I-UPF2. Therefore, SMF needs to instruct I-UPF2 to buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until it receives the end marker from PSA1.
  • the SMF determines that the message ordering function is located in I-UPF2, and it can also be described that SMF determines that I-UPF2 is the convergence point of the path before the anchor redirection and the path after the anchor redirection. Specifically, in any of the following scenarios, SMF determines that the message sequencing function is located in I-UPF2:
  • RAN2 is connected to the source PSA (ie PSA1) through I-UPF2, and RAN2 is connected to the target PSA (ie PSA2) through I-UPF2.
  • steps 802a-802b and 803a-step 803b are used to establish a user plane connection between PSA2 and I-UPF2.
  • Step 802a-step 802b SMF sends an N4 Session Establishment Request (N4 Session Establist Request) to PSA2, carrying I-UPF2 tunnel information.
  • PSA2 returns an N4 session establishment response (N4 Session Establishment List Response) to SMF, carrying PSA2 tunnel information.
  • the I-UPF2 tunnel information may be obtained by the SMF in the step of inserting I-UPF2 in the UE's RAN handover process.
  • the tunnel information may include at least one of TEID, IP address, and so on.
  • Step 803a SMF sends an N4 session modification request to I-UPF2, carrying PSA2 tunnel information and instruction information.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the I-UPF2 to buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until the end marker from PSA1 is received.
  • the indication information can be understood as a forwarding rule.
  • Step 803b I-UPF2 sends an N4 session modification response to SMF.
  • This step is optional.
  • Steps 804 to 806 are the same as steps 704 to 706 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and reference may be made to the foregoing description.
  • the AS can send downlink data to PSA2, and then PSA2 sends the downlink data to I-UPF2. And, according to the instruction information, I-UPF2 will buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until it receives the end marker sent by PSA1.
  • step 807 the SMF sends an N4 anchor switch notification (N4 anchor change notification) to PSA1.
  • PSA1 After receiving the N4 anchor switch notification, PSA1 learns that the anchor has switched, that is, switches from PSA1 to PSA2. Therefore, PSA1 sends the end marker on the old path, that is, the path where the PSA1 and I-UPF2 nodes are located. When I-UPF2 receives the end marker and learns that the end marker message is the last message on the old path, then I-UPF2 can send the buffered downlink data from PSA2 to RAN2.
  • Step 804 the SMF starts a timer. When the timer expires, the SMF notifies PSA1 to send an end marker. Or, in step 805, PSA2 starts a timer. When the timer expires, PSA2 notifies PSA1 to send an end marker via SMF.
  • Method 2 When PSA1 receives the uplink message or ARP message or free ARP message sent by PSA2 in step 805, it triggers the end marker to send.
  • this application does not necessarily rely on the sending of end markers, and the sending of buffered downlink messages can also be achieved through a timer mechanism.
  • the meaning of the timer is the Ethernet forwarding rule update time, and the timer timeout indicates that the Ethernet forwarding rule update is completed.
  • the size of the timer is not limited in this application, for example, it can be based on policy configuration.
  • the specific description is as follows: if the SMF or PSA2 starts the timer (if the SMF starts the timer, it will start in step 804; if it is the PSA2 starts the timer, it will start in step 805), and when the timer expires, notify I- UPF2 starts sending buffered downlink data to RAN2.
  • the instruction information in step 803a and step 803b is used to instruct I-UPF2 to buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until I-UPF2 receives the instruction from SMF, which is triggered by the timer timeout.
  • the AS may also send the end marker. It is the same as the AS sending end marker in step 708 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, for details, refer to the foregoing description.
  • PSA1 returns an N4 anchor switch notification response (N4 anchor change notification).
  • This step is optional.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 solves the problem of the disorder of the downlink data in the scenario shown in FIG. 2 (b), and improves the user experience.
  • FIG. 9 it is a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application. This method is used to solve the disorder of the downstream data in the PSA change process shown in FIG. 2 (c), and this method is a specific implementation of the method shown in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the transmission paths of the uplink and downlink data are: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2 / PSA2, PSA1, and AS.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 901 is the same as step 701 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7.
  • step 901 SMF determines that the message ordering function is located in PSA2 / I-UPF2. Therefore, SMF needs to instruct PSA2 / I-UPF2 to buffer the downlink data from PSA2 until it receives the end marker from PSA1.
  • the SMF determines that the message ordering function is located in PSA2 / I-UPF2. It can also be described that SMF determines that PSA2 / I-UPF2 is the convergence point of the path before the anchor redirection and the path after the anchor redirection. Specifically, in the following scenario, the SMF determines that the message sequencing function is located in PSA2 / I-UPF2: RAN2 is connected to the source PSA (that is, PSA1) through PSA2 / I-UPF2, and RAN2 is directly connected to PSA2 / I-UPF2.
  • SMF instructs PSA2 / I-UPF2 to cache downlink data from PSA2, and it can also be described as instructing PSA2 / I-UPF2 to cache downlink data from AS.
  • the following steps 902a-902b are used to instruct the I-UPF2 / PSA2 to buffer the downlink data from the DN until the end marker from PSA1 is received.
  • Steps 902a-902b the SMF sends an N4 Session Establishment Request (N4 Session Establist Request) to PSA2, carrying the instruction information.
  • PSA2 returns an N4 session establishment response (N4 Session Establist Response) to SMF.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the I-UPF2 / PSA2 to buffer the downlink data from the DN until the end marker from PSA1 is received.
  • the indication information can be understood as a forwarding rule.
  • Steps 903 to 905 are the same as steps 704 to 706 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and reference may be made to the foregoing description.
  • the AS can send the downlink data I-UPF2 to I-UPF2 / PSA2.
  • I-UPF2 / PSA2 will buffer the downlink data from AS until it receives the end marker sent by PSA1.
  • the following steps 906-907 implement triggering PSA1 to send an end marker.
  • step 907 the SMF sends an N4 anchor change notification (N4 anchor change notification) to PSA1.
  • N4 anchor change notification N4 anchor change notification
  • PSA1 After receiving the N4 anchor switch notification, PSA1 learns that the anchor has switched, that is, switches from PSA1 to PSA2. Therefore, PSA1 sends the end marker on the old path.
  • I-UPF2 / PSA2 receives the end marker, and learns that the end marker is the last message on the old path, then I-UPF2 / PSA2 can send the buffered downlink data from AS to RAN2.
  • Step 903 the SMF starts a timer. When the timer expires, the SMF notifies PSA1 to send an end marker. Or, in step 904, I-UPF2 / PSA2 starts a timer. When the timer expires, I-UPF2 / PSA2 notifies PSA1 to send an end marker via SMF.
  • Method 2 When PSA1 receives the uplink message or ARP message or free ARP message sent by the I-UPF2 / PSA2 broadcast in step 904, it triggers the end marker to send.
  • this application does not necessarily rely on the sending of end markers, and the sending of buffered downlink messages can also be achieved through a timer mechanism.
  • the meaning of the timer is the Ethernet forwarding rule update time, and the timer timeout indicates that the Ethernet forwarding rule update is completed.
  • the size of the timer is not limited in this application, for example, it can be based on policy configuration.
  • the specific description is as follows: If the SMF or I-UPF2 / PSA2 starts the timer (if the SMF starts the timer, it starts in step 903; if it is the I-UPF2 / PSA2 starts the timer, then starts the timer in step 904) When the timer expires, I-UPF2 / PSA2 is notified to start sending buffered downlink data to RAN2.
  • the instruction information in step 902a is used to instruct the I-UPF2 / PSA2 to buffer the downlink data from the AS until the I-UPF2 / PSA2 receives the instruction from the SMF, which is triggered by the timer timeout.
  • the application server may also send the end marker. It is the same as step 708 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 regarding the application server sending the end marker. For details, reference may be made to the foregoing description.
  • PSA1 returns an N4 anchor switch notification response (N4 anchor change notification).
  • This step is optional.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 solves the problem of the disorder of the downlink data in the scenario shown in FIG. 2 (c), and improves the user experience.
  • FIG. 10 it is a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application. This method is used to solve the disorder of the downstream data in the PSA change process shown in FIG. 2 (b), and this method is a specific implementation of the method shown in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the transmission paths of the uplink and downlink data are: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2, PSA1, and AS.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • step 1001 the SMF determines the anchor redirection and selects a new anchor PSA2.
  • N3 user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN2 has been established.
  • the N3 user plane connection may also be referred to as a first user plane connection.
  • the user plane connection is used to transmit downlink data from PSA1.
  • the SMF determines the anchor redirection, selects a new anchor PSA2, and decides to establish an N3 forwarding tunnel between I-UPF2 and RAN2.
  • the N3 forwarding tunnel may also be called a second user plane connection.
  • the N3 forwarding tunnel is used for Transmit downstream data from PSA2.
  • steps 1002a-1002b and 1003a-1003b are used to establish a user plane connection between PSA2 and I-UPF2.
  • Step 1002a-step 1002b, and step 802a-step 802b of the embodiment described in FIG. 8 may refer to the foregoing description.
  • Step 1003a SMF sends an N4 session modification request to I-UPF2, carrying PSA2 tunnel information and instruction information.
  • the instruction information is used to instruct I-UPF2 to send the downlink data from the second data transmission path to RAN2 through the second user plane connection (N3 forwarding tunnel).
  • the indication information may also be referred to as second indication information.
  • the indication information in step 1003a may also be carried by the SMF to I-UPF2 in step 1008a.
  • Step 1003b I-UPF2 sends an N4 session modification response to SMF.
  • the N4 session response message carries I-UPF2 forwarding tunnel information.
  • This step is optional.
  • step 1004 the SMF sends a session update request to the AMF, which carries N2 session information, and the N2 session information includes indication information.
  • the indication information is used to instruct RAN2 to allocate forwarding tunnel information.
  • the indication information may also be referred to as first indication information.
  • the session update request may be, for example, Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateContextRequest.
  • step 1005 the AMF sends an N2 request to RAN2, carrying the instruction information in step 1004 above.
  • RAN2 allocates RAN forwarding tunnel information according to the instruction information, and returns an N2 response to AMF, carrying the assigned RAN forwarding tunnel information.
  • step 1007 the AMF returns a session update response to the SMF, which carries N2 session information, and the N2 session information includes RAN forwarding tunnel information.
  • the session update response may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateContext Response, for example.
  • Step 1008a-step 1008b the SMF sends an N4 session modification request to I-UPF2, carrying the RAN forwarding tunnel information.
  • I-UPF2 returns an N4 session modification response to SMF.
  • Steps 1009 to 1011 are the same as steps 804 to 806 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, and reference may be made to the foregoing description.
  • the AS's downlink data can be sent to the new anchor PSA2.
  • PSA2 sends the downlink data to I-UPF2 through the user plane connection between PSA2 and I-UPF2.
  • I-UPF2 passes through the N3 forwarding tunnel between I-UPF2 and RAN2 (Ie, the second user plane connection), the downlink data is sent to RAN2, and the RAN2 buffers the downlink data until the end marker from the N3 user plane connection (ie, the first user plane connection) is received.
  • Step 1012 is the same as step 807 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, and reference may be made to the foregoing description.
  • PSA1 sends the end marker on the old path, that is, PSA1 sends the end marker to I-UPF2 through the user plane connection between PSA1 and I-UPF2. Namely the first user plane connection), send the end marker to RAN2.
  • I-UPF2 also apply to the downlink data from PSA1, that is, I-UPF2 sends the downlink data from PSA1 to RAN2 through the N3 user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN2, and then RAN2 will The downlink data of the N3 user plane connection is sent to the UE through the air interface connection.
  • RAN2 When RAN2 receives the end marker from the N3 user plane connection, RAN2 can send the buffered downlink data from the second user plane connection, that is, from PSA2, to RAN2.
  • FIG. 11 it is a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application. This method is used to solve the disorder of the downstream data in the PSA change process shown in FIG. 2 (c), and this method is a specific implementation of the method shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5.
  • the transmission paths of the uplink and downlink data are: UE, RAN2, I-UPF2, PSA1, and AS.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • step 1101 the SMF determines the anchor redirection and selects a new anchor PSA2.
  • the UPF reselected by the SMF is I-UPF2, and an N3 user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN2 has been established.
  • the N3 user plane connection may also Called the first user plane connection, the first user plane connection is used to transmit downlink data from PSA1.
  • SMF determines the anchor redirection, and in the anchor redirection process, the newly selected new anchor PSA2 is I-UPF2, that is, I-UPF2 and PSA2 are the same node.
  • SMF decides to establish an N3 forwarding tunnel between I-UPF2 / PSA2 and RAN2.
  • the N3 forwarding tunnel may also be called a second user plane connection.
  • the N3 forwarding tunnel is used to transmit the Downstream data.
  • step 1102a-step 1102b is used to instruct I-UPF2 / PSA2 to send downlink data from DN to RAN2 through the second user plane connection.
  • Step 1102a-step 1102b the SMF sends an N4 Session Establishment Request (N4 Session Establist Request) to the I-UPF2 / PSA2, carrying the instruction information.
  • I-UPF2 / PSA2 returns an N4 session establishment response (N4 SessionEstablist Response) to SMF.
  • N4 session establishment response carries I-UPF2 / PSA2 forwarding tunnel information.
  • the instruction information is used to instruct the I-UPF2 / PSA2 to send the downlink data from the second data transmission path to the RAN2 through the second user plane connection (N3 forwarding tunnel).
  • the indication information may also be referred to as second indication information.
  • the indication information in step 1102a may also be carried by the SMF to I-UPF2 / PSA2 in step 1107b.
  • the following steps 1103-step 1107b are used to establish a forwarding tunnel between RAN2 and I-UPF2 / PSA2.
  • the forwarding tunnel may also be called an N3 forwarding tunnel or a first user plane connection.
  • Step 1103 the SMF sends a session update request to the AMF, which carries N2 session information, and the N2 session information includes indication information.
  • the indication information is used to instruct RAN2 to allocate forwarding tunnel information.
  • the indication information may also be referred to as first indication information.
  • the session update request may be, for example, Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateContextRequest.
  • step 1104 the AMF sends an N2 request to RAN2, carrying the instruction information in step 1103.
  • RAN2 allocates RAN forwarding tunnel information according to the instruction information, and returns an N2 response to AMF, carrying the assigned RAN forwarding tunnel information.
  • step 1106 the AMF returns a session update response to the SMF, which carries N2 session information, and the N2 session information includes RAN forwarding tunnel information.
  • the session update response may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateContext Response, for example.
  • Step 1107a-step 1107b SMF sends an N4 session modification request to I-UPF2 / PSA2, carrying the RAN forwarding tunnel information.
  • I-UPF2 / PSA2 returns an N4 session modification response to SMF.
  • Steps 1009 to 1011 are the same as steps 903 to 905 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, and reference may be made to the foregoing description.
  • the downlink data of the AS can be sent to the new anchor point I-UPF2 / PSA2.
  • the I-UPF2 / PSA2 passes the N3 forwarding tunnel between I-UPF2 / PSA2 and RAN2 (also called the second user plane connection) Send to RAN2, RAN2 buffers the downlink data until the end marker from the N3 user plane connection (ie the first user plane connection) is received.
  • Step 1111 is the same as step 906 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, and reference may be made to the foregoing description.
  • PSA1 sends the end marker on the old path, that is, PSA1 sends the end marker to I-UPF2 / PSA2 through the user plane connection between I-UPF2 / PSA2, and I-UPF2 / PSA2 passes between I-UPF2 / PSA2 and RAN2
  • the N3 user plane connection (ie the first user plane connection) sends the end marker to RAN2.
  • I-UPF2 / PSA2 also apply to the downlink data from PSA1, that is, I-UPF2 / PSA2 sends the downlink data from PSA1 to the N3 user plane connection between I-UPF2 / PSA2 and RAN2 to RAN2, and then RAN2 sends the downlink data from the N3 user plane connection to the UE through the air interface connection.
  • RAN2 After RAN2 receives the end marker from the N3 user plane connection, RAN2 can send the buffered downlink data from the second user plane connection, that is, from PSA2, to the UE.
  • FIG. 12 it is a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application. This method is used to solve the out-of-order problem of downlink data in the user plane connection recovery process shown in FIG. 3, and this method is a specific implementation of the method of the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the AS sends the downlink data to the PSA, and the PSA forwards the downlink data to I-UPF1, which triggers the user plane connection recovery process.
  • the following is a method for out-of-sequence control of downlink data in the user plane connection recovery process. The method includes the following steps:
  • the UE When the UE is in the idle state, it must first page to the UE, and then the UE starts from step 1201; when the UE is in the connected state, it starts from step 1203.
  • the downlink data is sent by the AS to PSA1, and PSA1 sends the downlink data to I-UPF1 through the user plane connection between it and I-UPF1. Since the user plane connection between I-UPF1 and RAN2 is not restored, I-UPF1 caches the downlink data.
  • step 1201 the paged UE sends a RAN message to RAN2, the RAN message carries a service request message, and the service request message carries a session identifier (PDU session ID) and so on.
  • the RAN message carries a service request message
  • the service request message carries a session identifier (PDU session ID) and so on.
  • Step 1202 RAN2 sends an N2 message to the AMF, where the N2 message carries the service request message and the location information of the UE.
  • the AMF determines that the UE is not in the service area of the I-UPF1 according to the location information of the UE and the service area of the I-UPF1, and the AMF sends an N11 message to the SMF.
  • the N11 message carries information such as the session identifier and access type.
  • the N11 message can be used to trigger SMF reselection UPF.
  • the N11 message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContextRequest.
  • step 1204 the SMF performs UPF selection and selects I-UPF2. In addition, if SMF determines that the process is a user plane connection recovery process, then SMF designates I-UPF2 to sort the downlink data.
  • SMF specifies that I-UPF2 sorts the downlink data, which means that SMF instructs I-UPF2 to send the downlink data from I-UPF1 first until after receiving the end marker from I-UPF1, and then sends the downlink data from PSA to RAN2 .
  • the methods for SMF to determine the current process as the user plane connection recovery process are:
  • Method 1 Based on the received service request message, the AMF determines that the current process is the user plane connection recovery process, and then sends the indicator to the SMF through step 1203. Therefore, the SMF determines that the current process is the user plane connection recovery process according to the received indicator.
  • Method 2 The SMF receives the N11 message at step 1203, and then learns that I-UPF1 is caching data according to the previous steps, that is, step 1203 is triggered by the downlink cache data, then SMF determines that the current process is the user plane connection recovery process.
  • the downlink data from I-UPF1 refers to the downlink data buffered by I-UPF1.
  • end marker also known as an end marker, indicates that the downlink data transmission on the old path is completed.
  • step 1205 the SMF sends an N4 session establishment request to I-UPF2, which carries instruction information and PSA tunnel information.
  • the indication information is used to instruct I-UPF2 to send the downlink data from I-UPF1 first, and then to send the downlink data from PSA to RAN2 after receiving the end marker from I-UPF1.
  • the PSA tunnel information I-UPF2 sent to I-UPF2 is used to establish an uplink user plane connection between I-UPF2 and PSA.
  • I-UPF2 returns an N4 session establishment response to the SMF, carrying the first downlink tunnel information (also known as DL CN Tunnel information for PSA), uplink tunnel information (UL CN Tunnel Information for RAN), and the second downlink Tunnel information (DL Tunnel information for data forwarding).
  • first downlink tunnel information also known as DL CN Tunnel information for PSA
  • uplink tunnel information UL CN Tunnel Information for RAN
  • second downlink Tunnel information DL Tunnel information for data forwarding
  • DL CN Tunnel info for the PSA is used to send to PSA to establish a downlink user plane connection between PSA and I-UPF2 (also called downlink channel).
  • UL CN Tunnel information for the RAN is used to send to RAN2 to establish an uplink user plane connection between RAN2 and I-UPF2.
  • DL CN Tunnel info for data forwarding is used to send to I-UPF1 to establish a forwarding tunnel between I-UPF1 and I-UPF2.
  • Step 1207 the SMF sends an N4 session modification request to the PSA, which carries the first downlink tunnel information (DL CN Tunnel information for the PSA).
  • step 1208 the PSA returns an N4 session modification response to SMF.
  • the PSA receives the downlink data
  • the PSA sends the downlink data to I-UPF2 instead of I-UPF1.
  • I-UPF2 buffers the downlink data according to the instruction information.
  • the PSA sends an end marker to I-UPF1, indicating that this is the last message on the old path.
  • Step 1209 the SMF sends an N4 session modification request to I-UPF1, carrying the second downlink tunnel information (DL CN Tunnel information for data forwarding).
  • I-UPF1 returns an N4 session modification response to SMF.
  • I-UPF1 can send the buffered downlink data to I-UPF2.
  • the following steps 1211 to 1218 are to establish an air interface connection between the UE and RAN2, and an N3 connection between RAN2 and I-UPF2.
  • step 1211 the SMF sends an N11 confirmation message to the AMF.
  • the N11 determines that the message carries uplink tunnel information (UL CN info).
  • N11 determination message it may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response.
  • step 1212 the AMF sends an N2 request message to RAN2.
  • the N2 request message carries uplink tunnel information (UL CN Tunnel info).
  • RAN2 initiates a radio resource control (RRC) connection establishment process with the UE.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the establishment of the uplink user plane connection between the UE and RAN2 and I-UPF2 is completed.
  • the upstream user plane connection between I-UPF2 and PSA has been established in step 1205.
  • the UE can send uplink data to RAN2, I-UPF2, and PSA.
  • RAN2 returns an N2 request confirmation, and the N2 request confirmation carries the RAN tunnel information (RAN tunnel info).
  • RAN tunnel info is used to send to I-UPF2 to establish a downlink user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN2.
  • step 1215 the AMF sends an N11 message to the SMF, and the N11 message carries RAN tunnel information (RAN tunnel information).
  • RAN tunnel information RAN tunnel information
  • the N11 message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request.
  • Step 1216 SMF sends an N4 session modification request to I-UPF2, carrying RAN tunnel information (RAN tunnel info).
  • RAN tunnel info RAN tunnel info
  • I-UPF2 returns an N4 session modification response to AMF.
  • step 1218 the SMF returns an N11 confirmation message to the AMF.
  • the N11 confirmation message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 solves the problem of the disorder of the downlink data in the user plane connection recovery process. Through this solution, it helps to avoid the disorder of the downlink data and can improve the user experience.
  • FIG. 13 it is a method for controlling out-of-sequence of downlink data provided by the present application. This method is used to solve the out-of-sequence problem of downlink data in the user plane connection recovery process shown in FIG. 3, and this method is a specific implementation of the method of the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the AS sends the downlink data to the PSA, and the PSA forwards the downlink data to I-UPF1, which triggers the user plane connection recovery process.
  • the following is a method for out-of-sequence control of downlink data in the user plane connection recovery process. The method includes the following steps:
  • the UE When the UE is in the idle state, it must first page to the UE, and then the UE starts from step 1301; when the UE is in the connected state, it starts from step 1303.
  • the downlink data is sent by the AS to PSA1, and PSA1 sends the downlink data to I-UPF1 through the user plane connection between it and I-UPF1. Since the user plane connection between I-UPF1 and RAN2 is not restored, I-UPF1 caches the downlink data.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Steps 1301 to 1303 are the same as steps 1201 to 1203 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, and refer to the foregoing description.
  • step 1304 the SMF performs UPF selection and selects I-UPF2.
  • SMF determines that the current process is a user plane connection recovery process, and triggers the establishment of a forwarding tunnel between RAN2, I-UPF2, and I-UPF1.
  • steps 1305-step 1308 are used to establish a user plane connection between I-UPF2 and PSA.
  • Step 1305 the SMF sends an N4 session establishment request to I-UPF2, which carries PSA tunnel information and instruction information.
  • PSA tunnel information is sent to I-UPF2 to establish an upstream user plane connection between I-UPF2 and PSA.
  • the instruction information is used to instruct I-UPF2 to send the downlink data from the second data transmission path to RAN2 through the second user plane connection (N3 forwarding tunnel).
  • the indication information may also be referred to as second indication information.
  • I-UPF2 returns an N4 session establishment response to the SMF, carrying the first downlink tunnel information (also known as DL CN Tunnel Info for PSA), and the second downlink tunnel information (also known as DL CN Tunnel Info for data forwarding ).
  • the first downlink tunnel information also known as DL CN Tunnel Info for PSA
  • the second downlink tunnel information also known as DL CN Tunnel Info for data forwarding
  • it also carries the first uplink tunnel information (UL CN Tunnel information for the RAN) and the second uplink tunnel information (UL CN Tunnel information for RAN for new path).
  • DL CN Tunnel info for the PSA is used to send to PSA to establish a downlink user plane connection between PSA and I-UPF2.
  • DL CN Tunnel info for data forwarding is used to send to I-UPF1 to establish a forwarding tunnel between I-UPF1 and I-UPF2.
  • UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN is used to send to RAN2 to establish the first uplink user plane connection (also called the first uplink channel) between RAN2 and I-UPF2.
  • UL CN Tunnel information for RAN for new path is used to send to RAN2 to establish a second uplink user plane connection (also called a second uplink channel) between RAN2 and I-UPF2.
  • the first user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN2 includes a first downlink user plane connection (also called N3 forwarding tunnel) and a first uplink user plane connection (also called first uplink channel).
  • the second user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN2 includes a second downlink user plane connection (also called N3 user plane connection) and a second uplink user plane connection (also called second uplink channel).
  • Step 1307 the SMF sends an N4 session modification request to the PSA, which carries the first downlink tunnel information (DL CN Tunnel information for the PSA).
  • the PSA which carries the first downlink tunnel information (DL CN Tunnel information for the PSA).
  • step 1308 the PSA returns an N4 session modification response.
  • the PSA sends the end marker on the old path (that is, the path where the PSA, I-UPF1, and I-UPF2 nodes are located). After the PSA path is changed, if the PSA receives downlink data again, it will send it to I-UPF2.
  • Step 1309 SMF sends an N4 session modification request to I-UPF1, carrying the second downlink tunnel information (DL CN Tunnel information for data forwarding).
  • I-UPF1 returns an N4 session modification response.
  • I-UPF1 can send the buffered downlink data (data before step 1301) and the end marker to I-UPF2.
  • the following steps 1311 to 1317 are used to establish an N3 user plane connection between RAN2 and I-UPF2, and to establish an N3 forwarding tunnel between RAN2 and I-UPF2.
  • the N3 user plane connection is used to transmit downlink data from I-UPF1
  • the N3 forwarding tunnel is used to transmit downlink data from I-UPF2.
  • the SMF sends an N11 confirmation message to the AMF.
  • the N11 confirmation message carries indication information, which is used to instruct RAN2 to allocate forwarding tunnel information.
  • the indication information may also be referred to as first indication information.
  • the N11 confirmation message also carries the first upstream tunnel information (UL CN Tunnel Info for the RAN) and the second upstream tunnel information (UL CN Tunnel Information for RAN for new path).
  • the N11 confirmation message may specifically be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response.
  • step 1312 the AMF sends an N2 request to RAN2.
  • the N2 request carries instruction information.
  • the N2 request also carries the first uplink tunnel information (UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN) and the second uplink tunnel information (UL CN Tunnel information for RAN for new path).
  • UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN
  • UL CN Tunnel information for RAN for new path
  • RAN2 initiates an RRC connection with the UE to establish an air interface connection.
  • Step 1314 RAN2 allocates RAN tunnel information (RAN tunnel info) and RAN forward tunnel information (RAN tunnel information for data forwarding) according to the instruction information, and sends an N2 request confirmation to the AMF, carrying RAN tunnel information (RAN tunnel information) and RAN forward Tunnel information (RAN tunnel info for data forwarding).
  • RAN tunnel info RAN tunnel info for data forwarding
  • RAN tunnel information can also be called N3 user plane connection tunnel information, which is used to send to I-UPF2 to establish an N3 user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN2.
  • the N3 user plane connection is used for In order to transmit downlink data (ie, downlink data from I-UPF1) from the old path (ie, the first data transmission path).
  • RAN forwarding tunnel information (RAN tunnel information for data forwarding) can also be called N3 forwarding tunnel information, which is used to send to I-UPF2 to establish an N3 forwarding tunnel between I-UPF2 and RAN2, and this N3 forwarding tunnel is used for transmission Downstream data (ie, downstream data from I-UPF2) from the new path (ie, the second data transmission path).
  • N3 forwarding tunnel information (RAN tunnel info for data forwarding) according to the instruction information received in step 1312.
  • the AMF sends an N11 message to the SMF.
  • the N11 message carries RAN tunnel information (RAN tunnel information) and RAN forward tunnel information (RAN tunnel information for data forwarding).
  • the N11 message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request.
  • Step 1316 the SMF sends an N4 session modification request to I-UPF2, carrying RAN tunnel information (RAN tunnel information) and RAN tunnel information (RAN tunnel information for data forwarding).
  • RAN tunnel information RAN tunnel information
  • RAN tunnel information for data forwarding RAN tunnel information for data forwarding
  • I-UPF2 returns an N4 session modification response.
  • step 1318 the SMF returns an N11 confirmation message to the AMF.
  • the N11 confirmation message may be Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response.
  • I-UPF2 can send the received data to RAN2. Specifically, I-UPF2 sends the downlink data received from I-UPF1 and the end marker to RAN2 through the N3 user plane connection between I-UPF2 and RAN2; I-UPF2 receives the downlink data received from PSA through I-UPF2 The N3 forwarding tunnel between UPF2 and RAN2 is sent to RAN2.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 solves the problem of the disorder of the downlink data in the user plane connection recovery process. Through this solution, it helps to avoid the disorder of the downlink data and can improve the user experience.
  • the first user plane connection (also called N3 user plane connection) is used to transmit the data of the first data transmission path, that is, transmit the old data; the second user plane The connection (also called N3 forwarding tunnel) is used to transmit the data of the second data transmission path, that is, to transmit new data.
  • the first user plane connection (also called N3 user plane connection) may be used to transmit data of the second data transmission path, that is, to transmit new data; the second user plane connection (also called N3 forwarding tunnel) is used to transmit data of the first data transmission path, that is, transmit old data. This application is not limited.
  • the above-mentioned implementing network elements include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to performing each function.
  • the present invention can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software in combination with the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is executed by hardware or computer software driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.
  • the device 1400 may exist in the form of software.
  • the device 1400 may include a processing unit 1402 and a communication unit 1403.
  • the communication unit 1403 may include a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the processing unit 1402 is used to control and manage the operation of the device 1400.
  • the communication unit 1403 is used to support communication between the device 1400 and other network entities.
  • the device 1400 may further include a storage unit 1401 for storing the program code and data of the device 1400.
  • the processing unit 1402 may be a processor or a controller, for example, may be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a general-purpose processor, digital signal processing (digital signal processing (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuits, ASIC), field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. It can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in conjunction with the disclosure of the present invention.
  • the processor may also be a combination of computing functions, for example, including one or more microprocessor combinations, DSP and microprocessor combinations, and so on.
  • the communication unit 1403 may be a communication interface, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., where the communication interface is a general term. In a specific implementation, the communication interface may include multiple interfaces.
  • the storage unit 1401 may be a memory.
  • the apparatus 1400 may be the access network device in any of the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip that can be used for the access network device.
  • the processing unit may be, for example, a processor
  • the communication unit may be, for example, a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may include a radio frequency circuit
  • the storage unit may be, for example, a memory.
  • the processing unit may be, for example, a processor
  • the communication unit may be, for example, an input / output interface, a pin, or a circuit.
  • the processing unit may execute computer-executed instructions stored in the storage unit.
  • the storage unit is a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc.
  • the storage unit may also be located in the chip in the access network device External storage unit, such as read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (random access memory, RAM), etc.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive downlink data of the first data transmission path sent by the path aggregation network element through the first user plane connection with the access network device, and receive and access the path aggregation network element
  • the second user plane connection between the network devices sends the downlink data of the second data transmission path.
  • the first data transmission path is the data transmission path before path switching
  • the second data transmission path is the data transmission path after path switching.
  • the sending unit is configured to send the downlink data of the second data transmission path after sending the downlink data of the first data transmission path.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive indication information sent by the control plane network element, where the indication information is used to instruct the access network device to allocate tunnel information of the second user plane connection.
  • the access network device distributes the tunnel information of the second user plane connection and sends the tunnel information of the second user plane connection to the control plane network element.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the session anchor point is changed in the session anchor point change process
  • the second data transmission path is the path after the session anchor point is changed.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and user plane network element
  • the path aggregation network element is a user plane network element.
  • the path aggregation network element is the second session anchor.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the user plane path is switched in the user plane connection restoration process
  • the second data transmission path is the path after the user plane path is switched in the user plane connection restoration process
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the first user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the second user plane network element
  • the apparatus 1400 may be a path aggregation network element (such as a user plane network element, an access network device, or a session anchor) in any of the foregoing embodiments, or may be a path aggregation network element Chip.
  • the processing unit may be, for example, a processor
  • the communication unit may be, for example, a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may include a radio frequency circuit
  • the storage unit may be, for example, a memory.
  • the processing unit may be, for example, a processor, and the communication unit may be, for example, an input / output interface, a pin, or a circuit.
  • the processing unit may execute computer-executed instructions stored in the storage unit.
  • the storage unit is a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc.
  • the storage unit may also be located in the chip within the path aggregation network element External storage unit, such as ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, RAM, etc.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the indication information of the network element of the control plane.
  • the sending unit is configured to send the downlink data of the second data transmission path after the completion of sending the downlink data of the first data transmission path according to the instruction information.
  • the first data transmission path is the data transmission path before switching, the second data transmission The path is the switched data transmission path.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element until the end mark of the first data transmission path is received, and then sends the downlink data packet of the second data transmission path, and the end mark is used to indicate the first data The transmission of downlink data on the transmission path is completed.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor point, and the access network device, and the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor.
  • Point and access network equipment the path aggregation network element is the access network equipment.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and user plane network element
  • the path aggregation network element is the user plane network element.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor point, and the second session anchor point
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network and the second session anchor point
  • the path aggregation network Yuan is the second session anchor
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor point and the first user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor point and The second user plane network element, and there is a connection between the first user plane network element and the second user plane network element after the user plane path is switched, then the path aggregation network element is the second user plane network element.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive downlink data of the first data transmission path and downlink data of the second data transmission path.
  • the sending unit is configured to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path to the access network device through the first user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device.
  • the downlink data of the second data transmission path is sent to the access network device through the second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device.
  • the receiving unit before receiving the downlink data of the first data transmission path and the time downlink data of the second data transmission path, the receiving unit also receives indication information from the control plane network element, where the indication information is used to indicate the path
  • the aggregation network element sends the downlink data of the second transmission path to the access network device through the second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the tunnel information of the second user plane connection of the access network device sent by the control plane network element.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the session anchor point is changed in the session anchor point change process
  • the second data transmission path is the path after the session anchor point is changed.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and user plane network element
  • the path aggregation network element is a user plane network element.
  • the path aggregation network element is the second session anchor.
  • the first data transmission path is the path before the user plane path is switched in the user plane connection restoration process
  • the second data transmission path is the path after the user plane path is switched in the user plane connection restoration process
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the first user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the second user plane network element
  • the device 1400 may be a control plane network element (such as a session management network element) in any of the foregoing embodiments, or may be a chip that can be used for the control plane network element.
  • the processing unit may be, for example, a processor
  • the communication unit may be, for example, a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may include a radio frequency circuit
  • the storage unit may be, for example, a memory.
  • the processing unit may be, for example, a processor, and the communication unit may be, for example, an input / output interface, a pin, or a circuit.
  • the processing unit may execute computer-executed instructions stored in the storage unit.
  • the storage unit is a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc.
  • the storage unit may also be located in the chip within the control plane network element External storage unit, such as ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, RAM, etc.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine to switch the data transmission path.
  • the sending unit is used to send the indication information to the path aggregation network element, and the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element to send the downlink data of the first data transmission path, and then send the downlink data of the second data transmission path
  • the transmission path is a data transmission path before switching
  • the second data transmission path is a data transmission path after switching.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element until the end mark of the first data transmission path is received, and then sends the downlink data packet of the second data transmission path, and the end mark is used to indicate the first data The transmission of downlink data on the transmission path is completed.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine to switch from the first session anchor point to the second session anchor point in the process of changing the session anchor point, where the first session anchor point is located in the first data transmission Path, the second session anchor is located on the second data transmission path.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the access network device
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and the access network device
  • the path aggregation network element is an access network device.
  • the path aggregation network element is the user plane Network element.
  • the path aggregation network element is the second session anchor.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine to switch from the first user plane network element to the second user plane network element in the user plane connection restoration process, where the first data transmission path passes through the data network , Session anchor point and first user plane network element, the second data transmission path passes through the data network, session anchor point and second user plane network element, and the first user plane network element and the second user plane network are switched after the user plane path is switched There is a connection between the elements, and the path aggregation network element is the second user plane network element.
  • the processing unit is configured to establish a first user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device during the switching process of the access network device. And, in the process of changing the session anchor point, a second user plane connection between the path aggregation network element and the access network device is established.
  • the first user plane connection is used for the path aggregation network element to send the received downlink data from the first data transmission path to the access network device
  • the second user plane connection is used for the path aggregation network element to receive the received data from the first
  • the downlink data of the second data transmission path is sent to the access network device, the first data transmission path is the path before the session anchor point is changed in the session anchor point change process, and the second data transmission path is the path after the session anchor point is changed.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the first session anchor and the user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the second session anchor and user plane network element
  • the path aggregation network element is a user plane network element.
  • the path aggregation network element is the second session anchor.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: control the sending unit to send the first indication information to the access network device, where the first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to allocate the tunnel information of the second user plane connection .
  • the control receiving unit receives the tunnel information of the second user plane connection from the access network device.
  • Control the sending unit to send the tunnel information of the second user plane connection to the path aggregation network element.
  • the sending unit is configured to send second indication information to the path aggregation network element, and the second indication information is used to instruct the path aggregation network element to pass the downlink data of the second data transmission path through the second user plane
  • the connected tunnel is sent to the access network device.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine to switch from the first user plane network element to the second user plane network element in the user plane connection restoration process. And, establish a first user plane connection between the second user plane network element and the access network device, and establish a second user plane connection between the second user plane network element and the access network device.
  • the first user plane connection is used for the path aggregation network element to send the received downlink data from the first data transmission path to the access network device
  • the second user plane connection is used for the path aggregation network element to receive the received data from the first
  • the downlink data of the second data transmission path is sent to the access network device, the first data transmission path is the path before the user plane network element is switched, and the second data transmission path is the path after the user plane network element is switched.
  • the first data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the first user plane network element
  • the second data transmission path passes through the data network, the session anchor and the second user plane network element
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to control the sending unit to send the first indication information to the access network device, where the first indication information is used to instruct the access network device to allocate tunnel information of the second user plane connection.
  • the control receiving unit receives the tunnel information of the second user plane connection from the access network device.
  • the control sending unit sends the tunnel information of the second user plane connection to the second user plane network element.
  • the sending unit is configured to send second indication information to the second user plane network element, and the second indication information is used to instruct the second user plane network element to pass the downlink data of the second data transmission path
  • the second user plane connection is sent to the access network device.
  • the apparatus may be the above-mentioned control plane network element, path aggregation network element, or access network device.
  • the device 1500 includes a processor 1502, a communication interface 1503, and a memory 1501.
  • the device 1500 may further include a bus 1504.
  • the communication interface 1503, the processor 1502, and the memory 1501 may be connected to each other through a communication line 1504;
  • the communication line 1504 may be a peripheral component interconnection standard (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (extended industry standard architecture) , Referred to as EISA) bus.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnection standard
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the communication line 1504 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus. For ease of representation, only a thick line is used in FIG. 15, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor 1502 may be a CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application.
  • Communication interface 1503 using any device such as a transceiver, for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, wireless access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), Wired access network, etc.
  • RAN wireless access network
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • Wired access network etc.
  • the memory 1501 may be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other types that can store information and instructions
  • the dynamic storage device can also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically programmable server read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc-read memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, Disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures Any other media accessed by the computer, but not limited to this.
  • the memory may exist independently, and is connected to the processor through the communication line 1504. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 1501 is used to store computer execution instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 1502 controls execution.
  • the processor 1502 is used to execute the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1501, so as to implement the method for controlling the out-of-sequence of the downlink data provided by the foregoing embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer execution instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be called application program codes, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmit to another website, computer, server or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device including one or more available media integrated servers, data centers, and the like.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, Solid State Disk (SSD)), or the like.
  • a magnetic medium for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape
  • an optical medium for example, a DVD
  • a semiconductor medium for example, Solid State Disk (SSD)
  • the various illustrative logic units and circuits described in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices. Discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above are designed to implement or operate the described functions.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, and optionally, the general-purpose processor may also be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • the processor may also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration achieve.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embedded in hardware, a software unit executed by a processor, or a combination of both.
  • the software unit may be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium in the art.
  • the storage medium may be connected to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and can write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be integrated into the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium may be provided in the ASIC, and the ASIC may be provided in the terminal device. Alternatively, the processor and the storage medium may also be provided in different components in the terminal device.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operating steps are performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing, which is executed on the computer or other programmable device
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one block or multiple blocks of the flowchart one flow or multiple flows and / or block diagrams.

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Abstract

本申请提供下行数据的乱序控制方法及装置。该方法包括：控制面网元确定切换数据传输路径。控制面网元向路径汇聚网元发送指示信息，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。基于该方案，控制面网元可以指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决了锚点改变流程或用户面连接恢复流程中出现的下行数据包的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。

Description

下行数据的乱序控制方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2018年11月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811354479.3、申请名称为“下行数据的乱序控制方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及移动通信技术领域，尤其涉及下行数据的乱序控制方法及装置。
背景技术
目前，在一些应用场景中，由于终端移动等原因，导致终端与数据网络之间的数据传输路径发生切换，进而可能导致路径切换前后的两条数据传输路径上的共同节点(也称为路径汇聚网元)，在一定时间内可以同时接收到两条数据传输路径上的下行数据，并且由于路径汇聚网元无法区分两条数据传输路径上的下行数据的发送先后顺序，从而可能导致下行数据包的乱序问题。
发明内容
本申请提供下行数据的乱序控制方法及装置，用以解决下行数据包的乱序问题。
第一方面，本申请提供一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，包括：控制面网元确定切换数据传输路径。控制面网元向路径汇聚网元发送指示信息，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。基于该方案，控制面网元可以指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决了下行数据包的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元直到接收到第一数据传输路径的结束标记，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，结束标记用于指示第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制面网元确定切换数据传输路径，包括：在会话锚点改变流程中，控制面网元确定从第一会话锚点切换至第二会话锚点，其中，第一会话锚点位于第一数据传输路径，第二会话锚点位于第二数据传输路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和接入网设备，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和接入网设备，则路径汇聚网元为接入网设备。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路 径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，控制面网元确定切换数据传输路径，包括：在用户面连接恢复流程中，控制面网元确定从第一用户面网元切换至第二用户面网元，其中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则路径汇聚网元为第二用户面网元。
第二方面，本申请提供一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，包括：路径汇聚网元接收控制面网元的指示信息。路径汇聚网元根据指示信息，将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。基于该方案，控制面网元可以指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决了下行数据包的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。
在一种可能的实现方式中，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元直到接收到第一数据传输路径的结束标记，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，结束标记用于指示第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在会话锚点改变流程中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和接入网设备，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和接入网设备，则路径汇聚网元为接入网设备。或者，在会话锚点改变流程中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，在会话锚点改变流程中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，在用户面连接恢复流程中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则路径汇聚网元为第二用户面网元。
第三方面，本申请提供一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，包括：在接入网设备切换流程中，控制面网元建立路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接。在会话锚点改变流程中，控制面网元建立路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接。其中，第一用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至接入网设备，第二用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至接入网设备，第一数据传输路径为会话锚点改变流程中改变会话锚点前的路径，第二数据传输路径为改变会话锚点后的路径。基于该方案，控制面网元建立了路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的两条用户面连接，从而可以分别使用不同的用户面连接发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而接入网设备可以对第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据加以区分，进而接入网设备可以先将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，然后再第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决乱序问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为 用户面网元。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制面网元建立路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接，包括：控制面网元向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息。控制面网元接收来自接入网设备的第二用户面连接的隧道信息。控制面网元向路径汇聚网元发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制面网元还向路径汇聚网元发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接的隧道发送至接入网设备。
第四方面，本申请提供一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，包括：在用户面连接恢复流程中，控制面网元确定从第一用户面网元切换至第二用户面网元。控制面网元建立第二用户面网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接，以及建立第二用户面网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接。其中，第一用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至接入网设备，第二用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至接入网设备，第一数据传输路径为用户面网元切换前的路径，第二数据传输路径为用户面网元切换后的路径。基于该方案，控制面网元建立了路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的两条用户面连接，从而可以分别使用不同的用户面连接发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而接入网设备可以对第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据加以区分，进而接入网设备可以先将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，然后再第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决乱序问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制面网元建立第二用户面网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接，包括：控制面网元向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息。控制面网元接收来自接入网设备的第二用户面连接的隧道信息。控制面网元向第二用户面网元发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制面网元还向第二用户面网元发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示第二用户面网元将第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接发送至接入网设备。
第五方面，本申请提供一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，包括：路径汇聚网元接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据。路径汇聚网元通过路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接，向接入网设备发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据。路径汇聚网元通过路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接，向接入网设备发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。基于该方案，在路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间建立了两条用户面连接，从而可以分别使用不同的用户面连接发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而接入网设备可以对第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据加以区分，进而接入网设备可以先将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，然后再第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决乱序问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，路径汇聚网元接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的时下行数据之前，还从控制面网元接收指示信息，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第二传输路径的下行数据通过路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接发送至接入网设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，路径汇聚网元接收控制面网元发送的接入网设备的第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径为会话锚点改变流程中改变会话锚点前的路径，第二数据传输路径为改变会话锚点后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径为用户面连接恢复流程中用户面路径切换前的路径，第二数据传输路径为用户面连接恢复流程中用户面路径切换后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则路径汇聚网元为第二用户面网元。
第六方面，本申请提供一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，包括：接入网设备接收路径汇聚网元通过与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接发送的第一数据传输路径的下行数据，以及接收路径汇聚网元通过与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接发送的第二数据传输路径的下行数据，第一数据传输路径为路径切换前的数据传输路径，第二数据传输路径为路径切换后的数据传输路径。接入网设备将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。基于该方案，在路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间建立了两条用户面连接，从而可以分别使用不同的用户面连接发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而接入网设备可以对第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据加以区分，进而接入网设备可以先将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，然后再第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决乱序问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接入网设备接收控制面网元发送的指示信息，指示信息用于指示接入网设备分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息。接入网设备分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息，并向控制面网元发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径为会话锚点改变流程中改变会话锚点前的路径，第二数据传输路径为改变会话锚点后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径为用户面连接恢复流程中用户面路径切换前的路径，第二数据传输路径为用户面连接恢复流程中用户面路径切换后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换 后第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则路径汇聚网元为第二用户面网元。
第七方面，本申请提供一种装置，该装置可以是控制面网元、路径汇聚网元、接入网设备，也可以是芯片。该装置具有实现上述第一方面或第一方面的任一实施例、或上述第二方面或第二方面的任一实施例、或上述第三方面或第三方面的任一实施例、或上述第四方面或第四方面的任一实施例、或上述第五方面或第五方面的任一实施例、或上述第六方面或第六方面的任一实施例的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第八方面，提供了一种装置，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该装置执行如上述第一方面或第一方面中任一所述的方法、或执行如上述第二方面或第二方面中任一所述的方法、或执行如上述第三方面或第三方面中任一所述的方法、或执行如上述第四方面或第四方面中任一所述的方法、或执行如上述第五方面或第五方面中任一所述的方法、或执行如上述第六方面或第六方面中任一所述的方法。
第九方面，本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一实施例所述的方法、或执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一实施例所述的方法、执行上述第三方面或第三面的任一实施例所述的方法、执行上述第四方面或第四方面的任一实施例所述的方法、执行上述第五方面或第五方面的任一实施例所述的方法、执行上述第六方面或第六方面的任一实施例所述的方法。
第十方面，本申请还提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一实施例所述的方法、或执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一实施例所述的方法、执行上述第三方面或第三面的任一实施例所述的方法、执行上述第四方面或第四方面的任一实施例所述的方法、执行上述第五方面或第五方面的任一实施例所述的方法、执行上述第六方面或第六方面的任一实施例所述的方法。
第十一方面，本申请还提供一种系统，该系统包括上述第一方面或第一方面任一实施例中的控制面网元，和，上述第二方面或第二方面任一实施例中的路径汇聚网元。
第十二方面，本申请还提供一种系统，该系统包括上述第三方面或第三方面任一实施例中的控制面网元，上述第五方面或第五方面任一实施例中的路径汇聚网元，以及，上述第六方面或第六方面任一实施例中的接入网设备。
第十三方面，本申请还提供一种系统，该系统包括上述第四方面或第五方面任一实施例中的控制面网元，上述第五方面或第五方面任一实施例中的路径汇聚网元，以及，上述第六方面或第六方面任一实施例中的接入网设备。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的一种可能的网络架构示意图；
图2为本申请提供的一种PSA改变流程示意图；
图2(a)为本申请提供的又一种PSA改变流程示意图；
图2(b)为本申请提供的又一种PSA改变流程示意图；
图2(c)为本申请提供的又一种PSA改变流程示意图；
图3为本申请提供的为下行触发用户面连接恢复流程的应用场景示意图；
图4为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图5为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图6为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图7为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图8为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图9为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图10为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图11为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图12为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图13为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法流程图；
图14为本申请提供的一种装置示意图；
图15为本申请提供的又一种装置示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。方法实施例中的具体操作方法也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。其中，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
如图1所示，为本申请所适用的一种可能的网络架构。该网络架构包括接入网设备(图中以接入网设备为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备为例)、用户面网元(图中以用户面网元为用户面功能(user equipment function，UPF)网元为例)、移动性管理网元(图中以移动性管理网元为接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元为例)、会话管理网元(图中以会话管理网元为会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元为例)。其中，终端与AMF网元之间的接口可以称为N1接口，AMF网元与RAN设备之间的接口可以称为N2接口，RAN设备与UPF网元之间的接口可以称为N3接口，SMF网元与UPF网元之间的接口可以称为N4接口，AMF网元与SMF网元之间的接口可以称为N11接口，UPF网元与数据网络(data network，DN)之间的接口可以称为N6接口。当然，随着通信制式的演变，上述网元的名称可能会发生改变，各个网元之间的接口名称也可能会发生改变。
用户面网元，主要负责对用户报文进行处理，如转发、计费、合法监听等。在第5代(5th generation，5G)通信中，用户面网元可以是图1所示的UPF网元，在未来通信如第6代(6th generation，6G)通信中，用户面网元仍可以是UPF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
会话管理网元，主要用于移动网络中的会话管理，如会话建立、修改、释放，具体功能包括为终端分配互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址、选择提供报文转发功能的用户面网元等。在5G通信中，会话管理网元可以是图1所示的SMF网元，在未来通信如6G通信中，会话管理网元仍可以是SMF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
本申请中，会话管理网元也可以称为控制面网元。
移动性管理网元，主要用于移动网络中的终端的注册、移动性管理、跟踪区更新流程。移动性管理网元终结了非接入层(non access stratum，NAS)消息、完成注册管理、连接管理以及可达性管理、分配跟踪区域列表(track area list，TA list)以及移动性管理等，并 且透明路由会话管理(session management，SM)消息到会话管理网元。在5G通信中，移动性管理网元可以是图1所示的AMF网元，在未来通信如6G通信中，移动性管理网元仍可以是AMF网元，或者有其它名称，本申请对此不作限定。
数据网络(DN)是指为用户提供数据传输服务的运营商网络，如IP多媒体业务(IP Multi-media Service,IMS)、互联网(Internet)终端通过建立终端、接入网设备、用户面网元、及数据网络之间的会话(协议数据单元(protocol data unti，PDU)会话(session))，来访问数据网络。
终端是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，终端可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。所述终端可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端，以及还可以包括用户设备(user equipment，UE)等。终端还可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，未来5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等。终端有时也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端设备、车载终端、工业控制终端、UE单元、UE站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端设备、移动设备、UE终端设备、终端设备、无线通信设备、UE代理或UE装置等。终端也可以是固定的或者移动的。本申请实施例对此并不限定。
接入网设备，也可以称为RAN设备，是一种为终端提供无线通信功能的设备。接入网设备例如包括但不限于：5G中的下一代基站(g nodeB，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseBand unit，BBU)、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心等。接入网设备还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、集中单元(centralized unit，CU)，和/或分布单元(distributed unit,DU)，或者该网络设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备以及未来5G网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的网络设备等。终端可以与不同技术的多个接入网设备进行通信，例如，终端可以与支持长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)网络的接入网设备通信，也可以与支持5G网络的接入网设备通信，还可以支持与LTE网络的接入网设备以及5G网络的接入网设备的双连接。本申请实施例并不限定。
可以理解的是,上述功能既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件,也可以是在专用硬件上运行软件功能，或者是平台(例如,云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。
为方便说明，本申请后续，以用户面网元为UPF网元，接入网设备为RAN设备，会话管理网元为SMF网元，移动性管理网元为AMF网元，终端为UE为例进行说明。进一 步地，将UPF网元简称为UPF，将RAN设备简称为RAN，SMF网元简称为SMF，AMF网元简称为AMF。即本申请后续所描述的UPF均可替换为用户面网元，RAN均可替换为接入网设备，SMF均可替换为SMF，AMF网元均可替换为AMF，UE均可替换为终端。
下面对本申请中涉及到的一些术语及背景进行说明，以便于理解本申请的发明内容。
一、UE的状态
UE的状态包括空闲态(IDLE)和连接态(CONNECTED)，当然，UE也还可以包括其他状态，本申请不做限定。
其中，当UE处于空闲态时，从用户面角度看，UE的所有会话对应的空口连接，即UE与RAN之间的无线连接、以及RAN与UPF之间的N3连接均被释放。从控制面角度看，RAN与AMF之间的N2信令连接被释放、UE与AMF之间的N1连接被释放。
当UE处于连接态时，从用户面角度看，UE与RAN、RAN与UPF之间存在用户面连接。从控制面角度看，UE与AMF之间存在N1连接、RAN与AMF之间存在N2连接。
二、PDU会话锚点(PDU session anchor，PSA)改变流程
本申请中，PSA也可以称为会话锚点。例如，在具体应用中，PSA可以是具有IP锚定功能的UPF网元，也可以是具有业务锚点功能的UPF网元。其中，IP锚定功能指的是UE IP的锚定点，即当该锚定点不变时，UE IP不变；业务锚点功能指的是当锚定点不变时，业务连续性不受影响。
当PSA改变时，IP会发生变化；业务锚定功能指的是当PSA改变时，业务连续性会受影响。
PSA改变也可以称为PSA切换，或者称为会话锚点切换，或者称为锚点重定向。PSA改变指的是数据传输路径中的PSA发生改变或切换。
如图2所示，为PSA改变流程示意图。UE在移动之前，通过RAN1、I-UPF1(路径上可以没有该I-UPF1)及PSA1接入到DN，即UE的数据传输路径(或者称为用户面路径)如图2中细虚线所示，经过：UE、RAN1、(I-UPF1)、PSA1、DN。
UE在移动之后，通过RAN2、I-UPF2(路径上可以没有该I-UPF2)及PSA1接入到DN，即UE的数据传输路径(或者称为用户面路径)如图2中粗虚线所示，经过：UE、RAN2、(I-UPF2)、PSA1、DN。本申请中，也将该数据传输路径称为第一数据传输路径，即为PSA改变流程中，发生PSA改变之前的数据传输路径。
此时，SMF可能因为路径不优而决定锚点重定向，即重新选择一个新的锚点PSA2，并改变数据传输路径，且改变后的UE的数据传输路径(或者称为用户面路径)如图2中粗实线所示，经过：UE、RAN2、(I-UPF2)、PSA2、DN。本申请中，也将该数据传输路径称为第二数据传输路径，即为PSA改变流程中，发生PSA改变之后的数据传输路径。
基于上述背景，当PSA改变完成之后，DN中的应用服务器(application sever，AS)可以开始将下行数据(或下行报文)从第二数据传输路径发往UE。在应用服务器从第二数据传输路径向UE发送下行数据时，可能在第一数据传输路径上还有未发送至UE的下行数据，并且，由于第一数据传输路径不优(比如，路径较长)的原因，第二数据传输路径上的下行数据可能先于第一数据传输路径上的下行数据到达RAN2或I-UPF2(当路径上存在I-UPF2时)。对于RAN2或I-UPF2而言，由于无法区分哪些下行数据是先发送的，哪些下行数据是后发送的，从而可能会导致下行数据存在乱序的问题，进而可能造成用户体验降低。
因此，针对图2所示的PSA改变流程中出现的上述下行数据包的乱序问题，是本申请将要解决的问题。
需要说明的是，本申请中的I-UPF指的是中间(intermediate)UPF。
进一步的，本申请还可以将图2所示的PSA改变流程划分为以下三个具体的应用场景。
应用场景一，UE移动后的数据传输路径上没有I-UPF，即RAN同时连接多个PSA。
如图2(a)所示，为本申请提供的又一种PSA改变流程示意图。UE移动后，发生PSA改变前的数据传输路径，即第一数据传输路径经过：UE、RAN2、PSA1、DN，发生PSA改变后的数据传输路径，即第二数据传输路径经过：UE、RAN2、PSA2、DN。
即UE移动后的第一数据传输路径和第二数据传输路径上都没有I-UPF。
应用场景二，UE移动后的路径上有I-UPF，且该I-UPF不可以作为PSA改变之后的锚点。
如图2(b)所示，为本申请提供的又一种PSA改变流程示意图。UE移动后，发生PSA改变前的数据传输路径，即第一数据传输路径经过：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2、PSA1、DN，发生PSA改变后的数据传输路径，即第二数据传输路径经过：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2、PSA2、DN。
即UE移动后的第一数据传输路径和第二数据传输路径上都有I-UPF(即图中的I-UPF2)，且是同一个I-UPF，且该I-UPF与PSA2不是同一个节点。
应用场景三，UE移动后的路径上有I-UPF，且该I-UPF可以作为PSA改变之后的锚点。
如图2(c)所示，为本申请提供的又一种PSA改变流程示意图。UE移动后，发生PSA改变前的数据传输路径，即第一数据传输路径经过：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2/PSA2、PSA1、DN，其中，PSA1与I-UPF2/PSA2之间存在用户面连接。发生PSA改变后的数据传输路径，即第二数据传输路径经过：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2/PSA2、DN。
即UE移动后的第一数据传输路径和第二数据传输路径上都有I-UPF(即图中的I-UPF2)，且是同一个I-UPF，且该I-UPF2与PSA2是同一个节点，即I-UPF2既可以作为I-UPF，也可以作为PSA。
三、下行触发的用户面连接恢复流程
如图3所示，为下行触发用户面连接恢复流程的一种应用场景示意图。
UE中的会话1对应的数据传输路径(或称为用户面连接)为：UE、RAN1、I-UPF1、PSA、DN，如图3中细虚线所示。当UE处于空闲态，或者UE处于连接态但会话1对应的用户面连接去激活时，若会话1有下行数据，即有从DN发往UE的下行数据时，则该下行数据将无法发送至UE。具体地，DN将下行数据发送至PSA，然后由PSA发至I-UPF1，I-UPF1无法将下行数据发送至RAN1。此时，一方面，I-UPF1会缓存该下行数据，或者将下行数据发送至SMF并由SMF缓存该下行数据；另一方面，触发用户面连接恢复流程。比如，当UE处于空闲态时，则该用户面连接恢复流程可以是寻呼流程；当UE处于连接态但会话1对应的用户面连接去激活时，则该用户面连接恢复流程为恢复会话1对应的用户面连接的流程。
进一步地，本申请所考虑的应用场景是，在下行数据触发用户面连接恢复之前，UE发生了移动。如图3所示，假设当下行数据开始下发时，UE已经从RAN1的覆盖范围移动到了RAN2的覆盖范围，且RAN2无法直连到I-UPF1，RAN2可以通过I-UPF2连接到 I-UPF1，因而在用户面连接恢复流程中，恢复的用户面连接是：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2、PSA、DN，如图3中粗实线所示，本申请中，该用户面连接也称为第二数据传输路径。并且，在用户面连接恢复之前，若I-UPF1上缓存有未发送至UE的下行数据，则在恢复用户面连接之后，I-UPF1与I-UPF2之间可以建立转发隧道以传输缓存的下行数据，如图3中的粗虚线所示，为用户面连接恢复之后用于传输I-UPF1缓存的下行数据的数据传输路径(或称为用户面连接)，经过：DN、PSA、I-UPF1、I-UPF2、RAN2、UE，其中，I-UPF1与I-UPF2之间存在用户面连接，本申请中，也将该数据传输路径称为第一数据传输路径。需要说明的是，若在用户面连接恢复之前，未发送至UE的下行数据是缓存在SMF上，则用户面连接恢复之后，SMF可以将下行数据发送至I-UPF2。
基于上述背景，当用户面连接恢复之后，DN中的应用服务器可以开始将下行数据(或下行报文)从第二数据传输路径发往UE。在应用服务器从第二数据传输路径向UE发送下行数据时，可能在第一数据传输路径上还有未发送至UE的下行数据，比如是缓存在I-UPF1，因此需要通过第一数据传输路径传输至UE。此时，在I-UPF2上将会接收到两个方向的下行数据：(1)PSA从第二数据传输路径发来的下行数据；(2)I-UPF1从第一数据传输路径发来的缓存的下行数据。
因此，对于I-UPF2而言，由于无法区分哪些下行数据是先发送的，哪些下行数据是后发送的，从而可能会导致下行数据存在乱序的问题，进而可能造成用户体验降低。
因此，针对图3所示的用户面连接恢复流程中出现的上述下行数据包的乱序问题，也是本申请将要解决的问题。
针对图2和图3所示的流程，一般地，会在以下的情形中，较为容易出现需要对下行数据进行排序的问题。
情形1，下行数据的连续下发不依赖于上行数据的触发/响应，如仅有下行(mobile terminated only，MT-only)类型的业务。
若下行数据的连续下发依赖于上行数据的触发/响应，则DN如果没有收到UE发送的上行数据，就不会连续的发送下行数据，因而在图2或图3所示的第二数据传输路径(即新建立的用户面连接)上不会发送下行数据，进而导致I-UPF2上不会接收到来自两个数据传输路径的下行数据，因而不会出现乱序问题。反之，若下行数据的连续下发不依赖于上行数据的触发/响应，则在新的用户面连接建立完成之后，就可以发送下行数据，才会导致I-UPF2上可能出现乱序问题，因此，本申请适用于下行数据的连续下发不依赖于上行数据的触发/响应的场景。
比如，一种具体示例为，以太类型的会话可以仅传输下行数据，如事件控制的信号，当有事件发生时，向UE发送下行数据。
情形2，缓存的下行数据量很大，I-UPF2可能无法一次将缓存的下行数据发送至UE。
由于第一数据传输路径上的某个节点，如图2的PSA1或图3的I-UPF1上缓存的第一数据传输路径的下行数据量比较大，当UE接收到来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据之后，就会向DN发送上行数据，DN在接收到上行数据后，此时已经建立了第二数据传输路径，则DN将会转而在第二数据传输路径上继续向UE发送下行数据，与此同时，第一数据传输路径上仍然有下行数据发送至UE，从而造成图2或图3中的I-UPF2会同时接收到第一数据传输路径的下行数据(即老的下行数据)和第二数据传输路径的下行数据(即新的下行数据)，导致I-UPF2上可能出现乱序问题，因此，本申请也适用于缓存的下行数据量 很大，I-UPF2无法一次将缓存的下行数据发送至UE的场景。
需要说明的是，上述情形1和情形2只是作为示例，本申请不限于上述两种情形，对于存在如图2或图3所示的流程中的乱序问题的其他情形，本申请同样适用。
针对上述所述的PSA改变流程或下行触发的用户面连接恢复流程中出现的下行数据的乱序问题，本申请结合不同应用场景，给出不同的解决方法，下面具体说明。
为方便说明，本申请以控制面网元为SMF为例，对本申请实施例进行说明，对于控制面网元是其他网元的场景，本申请同样适用。
本申请中，在PSA改变流程中，PSA改变之前的第一数据传输路径中的PSA、I-UPF、RAN分别可以称为第一PSA、(第二UPF、)第二RAN，或者也可以称为PSA1、(I-UPF2、)RAN2。PSA改变之后的第二数据传输路径中的PSA、UPF、RAN分别可以称为第二PSA、(第二UPF、)第二RAN，或者也可以称为PSA2、(I-UPF2、)RAN2。
本申请中，在用户面连接恢复流程中，UPF改变之前的第一数据传输路径中的I-UPF、RAN分别可以称为第一UPF、第二RAN，或者也可以称为I-UPF1、RAN2。UPF改变之后的第二数据传输路径中的I-UPF、RAN分别可以称为第二UPF、第二RAN，或者也可以称为I-UPF2、RAN2。
如图4所示，为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法解决上述下行数据乱序问题的思路是：SMF指示路径汇聚网元先发送老的数据(即第一数据传输路径的下行数据)，在老的数据发送完之后，再发送新的数据(即第二数据传输路径的下行数据)，从而解决乱序问题。
其中，路径汇聚网元指的是第一数据传输路径与第二数据传输路径汇聚的网络节点。
该实施例可应用于PSA改变流程中的上述三个应用场景，即可以解决图2(a)、图2(b)及图2(c)所示的应用场景中的下行数据的乱序问题。针对图2(a)，路径汇聚网元指的是RAN2；针对图2(b)，路径汇聚网元指的是I-UPF2；针对图2(c)，路径汇聚网元指的是PSA2/I-UPF2(这里的I-UPF2和PSA2是同一个节点，即I-UPF2既可以作为UPF，也可以作为PSA)。
该实施例也可应用于用户面连接恢复流程中的应用场景，即可以解决图3所示的应用场景中的下行数据的乱序问题。针对图3，路径汇聚网元指的是I-UPF2。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤401，SMF确定切换数据传输路径。
切换数据传输路径，可以是上述PSA改变流程中的切换数据传输路径，即在PSA改变流程中，SMF确定从PSA1切换至PSA2，其中，PSA1位于第一数据传输路径，PSA2位于第二数据传输路径。
切换数据传输路径，也可以是上述用户面连接恢复流程中的切换数据传输路径，SMF确定从I-UPF1切换至I-UPF2，其中，第一数据传输路径经过DN、PSA和I-UPF1，第二数据传输路径经过DN、PSA和I-UPF2，且用户面路径切换后I-UPF1与I-UPF2之间存在连接。
作为一种实现方式，SMF可以根据UE的位置信息，确定切换数据传输路径。即当UE发生移动时，UE可以根据UE的最新位置确定需要切换数据传输路径。
步骤402，SMF向路径汇聚网元发送指示信息。相应地，路径汇聚网元可以接收到该 指示信息。
该指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，其中，第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。对该指示信息的另外一种描述方式为，该指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径和第二数据传输路径关联。如此，路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
作为一种实现方式，该指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元直到接收到第一数据传输路径的结束标记(end marker)，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，结束标记用于指示第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。即，路径汇聚网元可以同时接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据，并且，路径汇聚网元缓存第二数据传输路径的下行数据，若第一数据传输路径的下行数据不包括结束标记，则路径汇聚网元将该第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至UE，若第一数据传输路径的下行数据包括结束标记，表明第一数据传输路径的下行数据已经传输完毕，则路径汇聚网元从缓存中获取第二数据传输路径的下行数据并发送至UE，在发送完缓存的第二数据传输路径的下行数据之后，后续可以按照正常方式发送来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据。即，当路径汇聚网元接收到第一数据传输路径的下行数据为结束标记时，则路径汇聚网元开始发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
在具体实现中，结束标记(end marker)可以是一个报文，可以称为end marker报文。end marker报文是数据传输路径中的最后一个报文。
步骤403，路径汇聚网元根据指示信息，将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
基于图4所示的实施例，控制面网元如SMF，可以指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决了PSA改变流程或用户面连接恢复流程中出现的下行数据包的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。
如图5所示，为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法解决上述下行数据乱序问题的思路是：SMF指示建立两个用户面连接，其中，通过第一用户面连接向RAN2发送老的数据(即第一数据传输路径的下行数据)，通过第二用户面连接向RAN2发送新的数据(即第二数据传输路径的下行数据)，从而RAN2可以对第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据加以区分，进而RAN2可以先将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，然后再第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决乱序问题。
其中，路径汇聚网元是第一数据传输路径与第二数据传输路径汇聚的网络节点。
该实施例可应用于PSA改变流程中的上述应用场景二和应用场景三，即可以解决图2(b)及图2(c)所示的应用场景中的下行数据的乱序问题。针对图2(b)，路径汇聚网元指的是I-UPF2；针对图2(c)，路径汇聚网元指的是PSA2/I-UPF2。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤501，在RAN切换流程中，SMF建立路径汇聚网元与RAN之间的第一用户面连接。
RAN切换流程完成之后，UE接入的RAN可以由RAN1切换为RAN2，该实施例5 中的RAN指的是RAN切换之后的RAN2。
当UE发生移动，会触发RAN切换流程，在RAN切换流程过程中，会建立上述第一数据传输路径，以及建立RAN与路径汇聚网元之间的用户面连接，称为第一用户面连接。针对图2(b)，第一用户面连接指的是RAN与I-UPF2之间的用户面连接。针对图2(c)，第一用户面连接指的是RAN与PSA2/I-UPF2之间的用户面连接。
第一用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至RAN2，第一数据传输路径为RAN切换流程之后的PSA改变流程中改变PSA前的路径。
步骤502，在PSA改变流程中，SMF建立路径汇聚网元与上述RAN之间的第二用户面连接。
在RAN切换流程完成之后，进入PSA改变流程时，SMF进一步建立路径汇聚网元与RAN之间的第二用户面连接，第二用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至RAN，第二数据传输路径为改变PSA后的路径。第二用户面连接也可称为路径汇聚网元与RAN之间的转发隧道。
作为一种实现方式，SMF通过以下方法建立路径汇聚网元与RAN之间的第二用户面连接：SMF向RAN发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示RAN分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息，RAN分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息，并向SMF发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息，SMF在接收到RAN发送的第二用户面连接的隧道信息后，向路径汇聚网元发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息，如此，路径汇聚网元可以获取到RAN的第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
进一步的，SMF还可以向路径汇聚网元发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接发送至RAN。如此，后续路径汇聚网元可以将第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接发送至RAN。
在上述步骤502之后，还可以包括：
步骤503，路径汇聚网元接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
针对图2(b)，路径汇聚网元，即I-UPF2，从PSA1接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据，以及从PSA2接收第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
针对图2(c)，路径汇聚网元，即PSA2/I-UPF2，从PSA1接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据，以及从DN接收第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
步骤504，路径汇聚网元通过路径汇聚网元与RAN之间的第一用户面连接，向RAN发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据。
步骤505，路径汇聚网元通过路径汇聚网元与RAN之间的第二用户面连接，向RAN发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
需要注意的是，步骤504和步骤505之间没有严格的先后顺序，两个步骤也可以同时执行，本发明不做限定。
在上述步骤505之后，还可以包括：
步骤506，RAN将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
比如，RAN从第一数据传输路径接收到end marker后，确认第一数据传输路径的下行 数据发送完毕，则再将缓存的第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至UE。
通过上述实施例，SMF建立了路径汇聚网元与RAN之间的两条用户面连接，从而可以分别使用不同的用户面连接发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而RAN可以对第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据加以区分，进而RAN可以先将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，然后再第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决乱序问题。
如图6所示，为本申请提供的又一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法解决上述下行数据乱序问题的思路是：SMF指示建立两个用户面连接，其中，通过第一用户面连接向RAN发送老的数据(即第一数据传输路径的下行数据)，通过第二用户面连接向RAN发送新的数据(即第二数据传输路径的下行数据)，从而RAN可以对第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据加以区分，进而RAN可以先将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，然后再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决乱序问题。
该实施例可应用于用户面连接恢复流程中的应用场景，即可以解决图3所示的应用场景中的下行数据的乱序问题。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤601，在用户面连接恢复流程中，SMF确定从I-UPF1切换至I-UPF2。
比如，SMF根据UE的位置，确定UE发生了移动，因此为UE重新选择I-UPF2，即从I-UPF1切换至I-UPF2。
步骤602，SMF建立I-UPF2与RAN之间的第一用户面连接，以及建立I-UPF2与RAN之间的第二用户面连接。
这里的RAN指的是UE移动之后，重新接入的RAN，即图3中的RAN2。
这里的I-UPF2也可以称为路径汇聚网元。
第一用户面连接用于I-UPF2将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至RAN，第二用户面连接用于I-UPF2将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至RAN，第一数据传输路径为UPF切换前的路径，第二数据传输路径为UPF切换后的路径。
作为一种实现方式，SMF通过以下方法建立I-UPF2与RAN之间的第二用户面连接：SMF向RAN发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示RAN分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息，RAN分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息，并向SMF发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息，SMF在接收到RAN发送的第二用户面连接的隧道信息后，向I-UPF2发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息，如此，I-UPF2可以获取到RAN的第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
进一步的，SMF还可以向I-UPF2发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息用于指示I-UPF2将第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接发送至RAN。如此，后续I-UPF2可以将第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接发送至RAN。
在上述步骤602之后，还可以包括：
步骤603，I-UPF2接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
I-UPF2从I-UPF1接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据，以及从PSA接收第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
步骤604，I-UPF2通过I-UPF2与RAN之间的第一用户面连接，向RAN发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据。
步骤605，I-UPF2通过I-UPF2与RAN之间的第二用户面连接，向RAN发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
在上述步骤605之后，还可以包括：
步骤606，RAN将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
比如，RAN从第一数据传输路径接收到end marker后，确认第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，则再将缓存的第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至UE。
通过上述实施例，SMF建立了I-UPF2与RAN之间的两条用户面连接，从而可以分别使用不同的用户面连接发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而RAN可以对第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据加以区分，进而RAN可以先将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完毕，然后再第二数据传输路径的下行数据，从而解决乱序问题。
针对上述各种解决下行数据的乱序问题的实施例，给出具体的实施例加以说明。
需要说明的是，以下实施例中都是以UPF分配隧道信息为例进行说明的。实际上，隧道信息也可以由SMF分配。
如图7所示，为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法用于解决图2(a)所示的PSA改变流程中的下行数据的乱序问题，且该方法是图4所示的实施例的方法的具体实现。
在图7所示的步骤执行之前，上下行数据的传输路径为：UE、RAN2、PSA1、AS。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤701，SMF决定锚点重定向，选择一个新的锚点PSA2。
SMF确定报文排序功能位于RAN2，因此SMF需要指示RAN2缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到接收到来自PSA1的结束标记(end marker)。
其中，SMF确定报文排序功能位于RAN2，还可以描述为SMF确定RAN2是锚点重定向前的路径、锚点重定向后的路径的汇聚点。也就是说，以下任一场景中，SMF确定报文排序功能位于RAN2：
(1)RAN2与源PSA(即PSA1)直连，且RAN2与目标PSA(即PSA2)直连；
(2)RAN2与源PSA(即PSA1)直连，且RAN2通过I-UPF与目标PSA(即PSA2)相连；
(3)RAN2通过I-UPF与源PSA(即PSA1)相连，且RAN2与目标PSA(即PSA2)直连；
(4)RAN2通过I-UPF与源PSA(即PSA1)相连，且RAN2与另一个I-UPF与目标PSA(即PSA2)相连。
以下步骤702a-步骤702b，以及步骤703a-步骤703d，用于建立PSA2与RAN2之间的用户面连接。
步骤702a-步骤702b，SMF向PSA2发送N4会话建立请求(N4 Session Establist Request)，携带RAN2隧道信息。PSA2向SMF返回N4会话建立响应(N4 Session Establist Response)，携带PSA2隧道信息。
其中，隧道信息可以包括隧道端点标识(tunnel endpoint identity，TEID)、IP地址等中 的至少一项。
其中，SMF可以在RAN切换流程中，在建立RAN2与PSA1之间的用户面连接的步骤中获取到RAN2隧道信息。
步骤703a，SMF向AMF发送会话更新请求，携带PSA2隧道信息和指示信息。
该指示信息用于指示RAN2缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到接收到来自PSA1的end marker。该指示信息可以理解为是一种转发规则。
该会话更新请求在具体实现中，例如可以是Nsmf_PDUSessionUpdateSMContext Request。
步骤703b，AMF向RAN2发送N2会话请求(N2 Session Request)，携带PSA2隧道信息和指示信息。
步骤703c，RAN2向AMF返回N2会话响应。
步骤703d，AMF向SMF返回会话更新响应。
该会话更新响应在具体实现中，例如可以是Nsmf_PDUSessionUpdateSMContext Response。
上述步骤703c和步骤703d为可选步骤。
通过以下步骤704-步骤706，可以实现更新DN中的转发规则，即从通过PSA1向UE发送下行数据，更新为通过PSA2向UE发送下行数据。
步骤704，SMF向PSA2发送N4网络更新请求(N4 DN Update request)。
步骤705，PSA2根据接收到的N4网络更新请求，向数据网络DN发送上行报文或者地址解析协议(Address Resolution Protocol，ARP)报文，以更新DN中交换机的转发规则。
其中，这里的ARP报文可以是正常ARP报文，也可以是免费ARP报文。其中，正常ARP报文的目的地址是对端节点的IP地址，免费ARP报文的目的地址是UE IP。
这里的DN在具体实现中，可以是以太网(Ethernet)DN中的应用服务器AS。
当转发规则更新完成后，AS向PSA2发送下行数据，然后PSA2将下行数据发送至RAN2。并且，RAN2根据指示信息，将会缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到收到PSA1发送的end marker。
步骤706，PSA2向SMF返回N4网络更新响应(N4 DN Update response)。
该步骤为可选步骤。
以下步骤707-步骤708，实现了触发PSA1发送end marker。
步骤707，SMF向PSA1发送N4锚点切换通知(N4 anchor change notification)。
PSA1收到该N4锚点切换通知后，得知锚点已经发生切换，即从PSA1切换至PSA2，因此，PSA1在老路径，即PSA1、RAN2节点所在的路径上发送end marker。当RAN2收到end marker后，得知该end marker报文是老路径上的最后一个报文，那么RAN2可以将缓存的来自PSA2的下行数据发送至UE。
作为示例，触发PSA1发送end marker的方式可以有如下两种方式：
方式1：步骤704中SMF启动定时器，当定时器超时，则SMF通知PSA1发送end marker。或者，步骤705中PSA2启动定时器，当定时器超时，则PSA2通过SMF通知PSA1发送end marker。
方式2：当PSA1收到步骤705中PSA2广播发送的上行报文或者ARP报文时，触发end marker发送。
需要说明的是：本申请不一定依赖于end marker的发送，还可以通过定时器机制实现缓存下行报文的发送。定时器的含义为以太网转发规则更新时间，定时器超时表示的是以太网转发规则更新完成。
定时器的大小设置，本申请也不做限定，例如可以基于策略配置等。具体描述如下：如果SMF或者PSA2启动定时器(若是SMF启动定时器，则在步骤704中启动；若是PSA2启动定时器，则在步骤705中启动定时器)，当定时器超时，则通知RAN2开始向UE发送缓存的下行数据。此时，步骤703a和步骤703b中的指示信息，则用于指示RAN2缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到RAN2接收到来自SMF的指示，该指示由定时器超时触发。
需要说明的是，本发明中还可以由应用服务器(Application server，AS)发送end marker。触发AS发送end marker的方式与触发PSA1发送end marker的方式类似，可以有如下两种方式：
方式1：定时器机制。该定时器可以由SMF启动，或者PSA2启动，或者AS启动。若定时器由SMF或PSA2启动，则当定时器超时，则通过SMF指示AS向老路径发送end marker；若定时器由AS启动时，则当定时器超时，则AS向老路径发送end marker。方式2：当AS收到步骤705中PSA2广播发送的上行报文或者ARP报文时，触发end marker发送。
步骤708，PSA1向返回N4锚点切换通知响应(N4 anchor change notification Response)。
该步骤可选。
通过图7所示的实施例，解决了图2(a)所示的场景下的下行数据的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。
如图8所示，为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法用于解决图2(b)所示的PSA改变流程中的下行数据的乱序问题，且该方法是图4所示的实施例的方法的具体实现。
在图8所示的步骤执行之前，上下行数据的传输路径为：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2、PSA1、AS。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤801，同图7所示的实施例的步骤701。
在步骤801中，SMF确定报文排序功能位于I-UPF2。因此SMF需要指示I-UPF2缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到接收到来自PSA1的结束标记(end marker)。
其中，SMF确定报文排序功能位于I-UPF2，还可以描述为SMF确定I-UPF2是锚点重定向前的路径、锚点重定向后的路径的汇聚点。具体的，在如下任一场景中，SMF确定报文排序功能位于I-UPF2：
RAN2通过I-UPF2与源PSA(即PSA1)相连，且RAN2通过I-UPF2与目标PSA(即PSA2)相连。
以下步骤802a-步骤802b，以及步骤803a-步骤803b，用于建立PSA2与I-UPF2之间的用户面连接。
步骤802a-步骤802b，SMF向PSA2发送N4会话建立请求(N4 Session Establist Request)，携带I-UPF2隧道信息。PSA2向SMF返回N4会话建立响应(N4 Session Establist Response)，携带PSA2隧道信息。
其中，I-UPF2隧道信息可以是SMF在UE的RAN切换流程中，在插入I-UPF2的步骤中获取到的。
其中，隧道信息可以包括TEID、IP地址等中的至少一项。
步骤803a，SMF向I-UPF2发送N4会话修改请求，携带PSA2隧道信息和指示信息。
该指示信息用于指示I-UPF2缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到接收到来自PSA1的end marker。该指示信息可以理解为是一种转发规则。
步骤803b，I-UPF2向SMF发送N4会话修改响应。
该步骤可选。
步骤804-步骤806，与图7所示的实施例的步骤704-步骤706相同，可参考前述描述。
当转发规则更新完成后，AS可以向PSA2发送下行数据，然后PSA2将下行数据发送至I-UPF2。并且，I-UPF2根据指示信息，将会缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到收到PSA1发送的end marker。
以下步骤807-步骤808，实现了触发PSA1发送end marker。
步骤807，SMF向PSA1发送N4锚点切换通知(N4 anchor change notification)。
PSA1收到该N4锚点切换通知后，得知锚点已经发生切换，即从PSA1切换至PSA2，因此，PSA1在老路径，即PSA1、I-UPF2节点所在的路径上发送end marker。当I-UPF2收到end marker后，得知该end marker报文是老路径上的最后一个报文，那么I-UPF2可以将缓存的来自PSA2的下行数据发送至RAN2。
作为示例，触发PSA1发送end marker的方式可以有如下两种方式：
方式1：步骤804中SMF启动定时器，当定时器超时，则SMF通知PSA1发送end marker。或者，步骤805中PSA2启动定时器，当定时器超时，则PSA2通过SMF通知PSA1发送end marker。
方式2：当PSA1收到步骤805中PSA2广播发送的上行报文或者ARP报文或者免费ARP报文时，触发end marker发送。
需要说明的是：本申请不一定依赖于end marker的发送，还可以通过定时器机制实现缓存下行报文的发送。定时器的含义为以太网转发规则更新时间，定时器超时表示的是以太网转发规则更新完成。
定时器的大小设置，本申请也不做限定，例如可以基于策略配置等。具体描述如下：如果SMF或者PSA2启动定时器(若是SMF启动定时器，则在步骤804中启动；若是PSA2启动定时器，则在步骤805中启动定时器)，当定时器超时，则通知I-UPF2开始向RAN2发送缓存的下行数据。此时，步骤803a和步骤803b中的指示信息，则用于指示I-UPF2缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到I-UPF2接收到来自SMF的指示，该指示由定时器超时触发。
需要说明的是，本发明中还可以由AS发送end marker。与图7所示的实施例的步骤708中关于AS发送end marker相同，具体可以参考前述描述。
步骤808，PSA1向返回N4锚点切换通知响应(N4 anchor change notification Response)。
该步骤可选。
通过图8所示的实施例，解决了图2(b)所示的场景下的下行数据的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。
如图9所示，为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法用于解决图2(c)所示的PSA改变流程中的下行数据的乱序问题，且该方法是图4所示的实施例的方法的具体实现。
在图9所示的步骤执行之前，上下行数据的传输路径为：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2/PSA2、PSA1、AS。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤901，同图7所示的实施例的步骤701。
在步骤901中，SMF确定报文排序功能位于PSA2/I-UPF2。因此SMF需要指示PSA2/I-UPF2缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，直到接收到来自PSA1的结束标记(end marker)。
其中，SMF确定报文排序功能位于PSA2/I-UPF2，还可以描述为SMF确定PSA2/I-UPF2是锚点重定向前的路径、锚点重定向后的路径的汇聚点。具体的，在如下场景中，SMF确定报文排序功能位于PSA2/I-UPF2：RAN2通过PSA2/I-UPF2与源PSA(即PSA1)相连，且RAN2与PSA2/I-UPF2直连。
其中，SMF指示PSA2/I-UPF2缓存来自PSA2的下行数据，还可以描述为指示PSA2/I-UPF2缓存来自AS的下行数据。
以下步骤902a-步骤902b，用于指示I-UPF2/PSA2缓存来自DN的下行数据，直到接收到来自PSA1的end marker。
步骤902a-步骤902b，SMF向PSA2发送N4会话建立请求(N4 Session Establist Request)，携带指示信息。PSA2向SMF返回N4会话建立响应(N4 Session Establist Response)。
该指示信息用于指示I-UPF2/PSA2缓存来自DN的下行数据，直到接收到来自PSA1的end marker。该指示信息可以理解为是一种转发规则。
步骤903-步骤905，与图7所示的实施例的步骤704-步骤706相同，可参考前述描述。
当转发规则更新完成后，AS可以向I-UPF2/PSA2发送下行数据I-UPF2。I-UPF2/PSA2根据指示信息，将会缓存来自AS的下行数据，直到收到PSA1发送的end marker。
以下步骤906-步骤907，实现了触发PSA1发送end marker。
步骤907，SMF向PSA1发送N4锚点切换通知(N4 anchor change notification)。
PSA1收到该N4锚点切换通知后，得知锚点已经发生切换，即从PSA1切换至PSA2，因此，PSA1在老路径上发送end marker。当I-UPF2/PSA2收到end marker后，得知该end marker是老路径上的最后一个报文，那么I-UPF2/PSA2可以将缓存的来自AS的下行数据发送至RAN2。
作为示例，触发PSA1发送end marker的方式可以有如下两种方式：
方式1：步骤903中SMF启动定时器，当定时器超时，则SMF通知PSA1发送end marker。或者，步骤904中I-UPF2/PSA2启动定时器，当定时器超时，则I-UPF2/PSA2通过SMF通知PSA1发送end marker。
方式2：当PSA1收到步骤904中I-UPF2/PSA2广播发送的上行报文或者ARP报文或者免费ARP报文时，触发end marker发送。
需要说明的是：本申请不一定依赖于end marker的发送，还可以通过定时器机制实现缓存下行报文的发送。定时器的含义为以太网转发规则更新时间，定时器超时表示的是以太网转发规则更新完成。
定时器的大小设置，本申请也不做限定，例如可以基于策略配置等。具体描述如下： 如果SMF或者I-UPF2/PSA2启动定时器(若是SMF启动定时器，则在步骤903中启动；若是I-UPF2/PSA2启动定时器，则在步骤904中启动定时器)，当定时器超时，则通知I-UPF2/PSA2开始向RAN2发送缓存的下行数据。此时，步骤902a中的指示信息，则用于指示I-UPF2/PSA2缓存来自AS的下行数据，直到I-UPF2/PSA2接收到来自SMF的指示，该指示由定时器超时触发。
需要说明的是，本发明中还可以由Application server发送end marker。与图7所示的实施例的步骤708中关于application server发送end marker相同，具体可以参考前述描述。
步骤908，PSA1向返回N4锚点切换通知响应(N4 anchor change notification Response)。
该步骤可选。
通过图9所示的实施例，解决了图2(c)所示的场景下的下行数据的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。
如图10所示，为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法用于解决图2(b)所示的PSA改变流程中的下行数据的乱序问题，且该方法是图5所示的实施例的方法的具体实现。
在图10所示的步骤执行之前，上下行数据的传输路径为：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2、PSA1、AS。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1001，SMF确定锚点重定向，选择一个新的锚点PSA2。
需要说明的是，在步骤1001之前，在RAN切换流程中，已经建立了I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3用户面连接，该N3用户面连接也可以称为第一用户面连接，该第一用户面连接用于传输来自PSA1的下行数据。
SMF确定锚点重定向，选择一个新的锚点PSA2，并决定建立I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3转发隧道，该N3转发隧道也可以称为第二用户面连接，该N3转发隧道用于传输来自PSA2的下行数据。
以下步骤1002a-步骤1002b，以及步骤1003a-步骤1003b，用于建立PSA2与I-UPF2之间的用户面连接。
步骤1002a-步骤1002b，与图8所述的实施例的步骤802a-步骤802b，可参考前述描述。
步骤1003a，SMF向I-UPF2发送N4会话修改请求，携带PSA2隧道信息和指示信息。
该指示信息用于指示I-UPF2将来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接(N3转发隧道)发送至RAN2。
本申请中，该指示信息也可以称为第二指示信息。
作为一种可替代的实现方式，该步骤1003a中的指示信息还可以在步骤1008a中由SMF携带给I-UPF2。
步骤1003b，I-UPF2向SMF发送N4会话修改响应。可选的，N4会话响应消息携带I-UPF2转发隧道信息。
该步骤可选。
步骤1004，SMF向AMF发送会话更新请求，携带N2会话信息，该N2会话信息包括指示信息。
该指示信息用于指示RAN2分配转发隧道信息。
本申请中，该指示信息也可以称为第一指示信息。
作为一种实现方式，该会话更新请求例如可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateContext Request。
步骤1005，AMF向RAN2发送N2请求，携带上述步骤1004中的指示信息。
步骤1006，RAN2根据指示信息，分配RAN转发隧道信息，并向AMF返回N2响应，携带分配的RAN转发隧道信息。
步骤1007，AMF向SMF返回会话更新响应，携带N2会话信息，该N2会话信息包括RAN转发隧道信息。
作为一种实现方式，该会话更新响应例如可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateContext Response。
步骤1008a-步骤1008b，SMF向I-UPF2发送N4会话修改请求，携带RAN转发隧道信息。I-UPF2向SMF返回N4会话修改响应。
步骤1009-步骤1011，与图8所示的实施例的步骤804-步骤806相同，可参考前述描述。
AS的下行数据可以发送至新锚点PSA2，PSA2通过PSA2与I-UPF2之间的用户面连接，将下行数据发送至I-UPF2，I-UPF2通过I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3转发隧道(即第二用户面连接)，将下行数据发送至RAN2，RAN2缓存该下行数据，直到接收到来自N3用户面连接(即第一用户面连接)的end marker。
以下步骤1012-步骤1013，实现了触发PSA1发送end marker。
步骤1012，与图8所示的实施例的步骤807相同，可参考前述描述。
PSA1在老路径上发送end marker，即PSA1通过PSA1与I-UPF2之间的用户面连接，将end marker发送至I-UPF2，I-UPF2通过I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3用户面连接(即第一用户面连接)，将end marker发送至RAN2。需要说明的是，I-UPF2的动作同样适用于来自PSA1的下行数据，即I-UPF2将来自PSA1的下行数据通过I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3用户面连接发送至RAN2，然后RAN2将来自N3用户面连接的下行数据通过空口连接发送至UE。
当RAN2收到来自N3用户面连接的end marker后，RAN2可以将缓存的来自第二用户面连接，即来自PSA2的下行数据发送至RAN2。
通过图10所示的实施例，解决了图2(b)所示的场景下的下行数据的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。
如图11所示，为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法用于解决图2(c)所示的PSA改变流程中的下行数据的乱序问题，且该方法是图5所示的实施例的方法的具体实现。
在图11所示的步骤执行之前，上下行数据的传输路径为：UE、RAN2、I-UPF2、PSA1、AS。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1101，SMF确定锚点重定向，选择一个新的锚点PSA2。
需要说明的是，在步骤1001之前，在RAN切换流程中，SMF重新选择的UPF是I-UPF2， 且已经建立了I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3用户面连接，该N3用户面连接也可以称为第一用户面连接，该第一用户面连接用于传输来自PSA1的下行数据。
SMF确定锚点重定向，并在锚点重定向流程中，重新选择的新的锚点PSA2就是I-UPF2，即I-UPF2与PSA2是同一个节点。
SMF在选择I-UPF2/PSA2之后，决定建立I-UPF2/PSA2与RAN2之间的N3转发隧道，该N3转发隧道也可以称为第二用户面连接，该N3转发隧道用于传输来自PSA2的下行数据。
以下步骤1102a-步骤1102b，用于指示I-UPF2/PSA2将来自DN的下行数据，通过第二用户面连接发送至RAN2。
步骤1102a-步骤1102b，SMF向I-UPF2/PSA2发送N4会话建立请求(N4 Session Establist Request)，携带指示信息。I-UPF2/PSA2向SMF返回N4会话建立响应(N4 Session Establist Response)。可选的，N4会话建立响应携带I-UPF2/PSA2转发隧道信息。
该指示信息用于指示I-UPF2/PSA2将来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接(N3转发隧道)发送至RAN2。
本申请中，该指示信息也可以称为第二指示信息。
作为一种可替代的实现方式，该步骤1102a中的指示信息还可以在步骤1107b中由SMF携带给I-UPF2/PSA2。
以下步骤1103-步骤1107b，用于建立RAN2与I-UPF2/PSA2之间的转发隧道，该转发隧道也可以称为N3转发隧道或第一用户面连接。
步骤1103，SMF向AMF发送会话更新请求，携带N2会话信息，该N2会话信息包括指示信息。
该指示信息用于指示RAN2分配转发隧道信息。
本申请中，该指示信息也可以称为第一指示信息。
作为一种实现方式，该会话更新请求例如可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateContext Request。
步骤1104，AMF向RAN2发送N2请求，携带上述步骤1103的指示信息。
步骤1105，RAN2根据指示信息，分配RAN转发隧道信息，并向AMF返回N2响应，携带分配的RAN转发隧道信息。
步骤1106，AMF向SMF返回会话更新响应，携带N2会话信息，该N2会话信息包括RAN转发隧道信息。
作为一种实现方式，该会话更新响应例如可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateContext Response。
步骤1107a-步骤1107b，SMF向I-UPF2/PSA2发送N4会话修改请求，携带RAN转发隧道信息。I-UPF2/PSA2向SMF返回N4会话修改响应。
步骤1009-步骤1011，与图9所示的实施例的步骤903-步骤905相同，可参考前述描述。
AS的下行数据可以发送至新锚点I-UPF2/PSA2，I-UPF2/PSA2通过I-UPF2/PSA2与RAN2之间的N3转发隧道(也可以称为第二用户面连接)，将下行数据发送至RAN2，RAN2缓存该下行数据，直到接收到来自N3用户面连接(即第一用户面连接)的end marker。
以下步骤1111-步骤1112，实现了触发PSA1发送end marker。
步骤1111，与图9所示的实施例的步骤906相同，可参考前述描述。
PSA1在老路径上发送end marker，即PSA1通过I-UPF2/PSA2之间的用户面连接，将end marker发送至I-UPF2/PSA2，I-UPF2/PSA2通过I-UPF2/PSA2与RAN2之间的N3用户面连接(即第一用户面连接)，将end marker发送至RAN2。需要说明的是，I-UPF2/PSA2的动作同样适用于来自PSA1的下行数据，即I-UPF2/PSA2将来自PSA1的下行数据通过I-UPF2/PSA2与RAN2之间的N3用户面连接发送至RAN2，然后RAN2将来自N3用户面连接的下行数据通过空口连接发送至UE。
当RAN2收到来自N3用户面连接的end marker后，RAN2可以将缓存的来自第二用户面连接，即来自PSA2的下行数据发送至UE。
通过图11所示的实施例，解决了图2(c)所示的场景下的下行数据的乱序问题，提升了用户体验。
如图12所示，为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法用于解决图3所示的用户面连接恢复流程中的下行数据的乱序问题，且该方法是图4所示的实施例的方法的具体实现。
AS发送下行数据到达PSA，PSA将下行数据转发至I-UPF1，I-UPF1触发用户面连接恢复流程。如下是用户面连接恢复流程中的下行数据的乱序控制方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
当UE处于空闲态时，首先要寻呼到UE，然后UE从步骤1201开始执行；当UE处于连接态时，则从步骤1203开始执行。
在图12所示的步骤执行之前，下行数据由AS发送至PSA1，PSA1通过其与I-UPF1之间的用户面连接，将下行数据发送至I-UPF1。由于I-UPF1与RAN2之间的用户面连接没有恢复，因此I-UPF1缓存下行数据。
步骤1201，被寻呼到的UE向RAN2发送RAN消息，该RAN消息携带服务请求消息，该服务请求消息携带会话标识(PDU session ID)等。
步骤1202，RAN2向AMF发送N2消息，该N2消息携带服务请求消息和UE的位置信息。
步骤1203，AMF根据UE的位置信息、以及I-UPF1的服务区域，确定UE不在I-UPF1的服务区域内，则AMF向SMF发送N11消息，该N11消息携带会话标识、接入类型等信息。
N11消息可用于触发SMF重选UPF。
在具体实现中，N11消息可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContextRequest。
步骤1204，SMF进行UPF选择，选择I-UPF2。并且，SMF确定该流程为用户面连接恢复流程，则SMF指定由I-UPF2进行下行数据排序。
SMF指定由I-UPF2进行下行数据排序，指的是SMF指示I-UPF2先发送来自I-UPF1的下行数据，直到接收到I-UPF1发送的end marker之后，再向RAN2发送来自PSA的下行数据。
SMF确定当前流程为用户面连接恢复流程的方法有：
方法1：AMF根据接收到的服务请求消息，判断当前流程为用户面连接恢复流程，则通过步骤1203向SMF发送indicator，因此SMF根据接收到的indicator确定当前流程为用 户面连接恢复流程。
方法2：SMF接收到步骤1203的N11消息，又根据前面的步骤得知I-UPF1在缓存数据，即步骤1203是由下行缓存数据触发的，则SMF确定当前流程为用户面连接恢复流程。
其中，来自I-UPF1的下行数据指的是I-UPF1缓存的下行数据。end marker，也称为结束标记，表明老路径上的下行数据发送完成。
步骤1205，SMF向I-UPF2发送N4会话建立请求，携带指示信息、PSA隧道信息。
该指示信息用于指示I-UPF2先发送来自I-UPF1的下行数据，直到接收到I-UPF1发送的end marker之后，再向RAN2发送来自PSA的下行数据。
发送至I-UPF2的PSA隧道信息I-UPF2用于建立I-UPF2与PSA之间的上行用户面连接。
步骤1206，I-UPF2向SMF返回N4会话建立响应，携带第一下行隧道信息(也称为DL CN Tunnel info for the PSA),上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN),第二下行隧道信息(DL CN Tunnel info for data forwarding)。
DL CN Tunnel info for the PSA，用于发送给PSA，以建立PSA与I-UPF2之间的下行用户面连接(也可以称为下行通道)。UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN，用于发送给RAN2，以建立RAN2与I-UPF2之间的上行用户面连接。DL CN Tunnel info for data forwarding，用于发送给I-UPF1，以建立I-UPF1与I-UPF2之间的转发隧道。
步骤1207，SMF向PSA发送N4会话修改请求，携带第一下行隧道信息(DL CN Tunnel info for the PSA)。
步骤1208，PSA向SMF返回N4会话修改响应。
此时，I-UPF2与PSA之间的下行用户面连接建立完成。当PSA收到下行数据时，PSA将下行数据发送至I-UPF2，而不是I-UPF1。I-UPF2接收到PSA发送的下行数据后，根据指示信息缓存该下行数据。
另外，在PSA更新下行用户面连接之前，PSA向I-UPF1发送end marker，表明这是老路径上的最后一个报文。
步骤1209，SMF向I-UPF1发送N4会话修改请求，携带第二下行隧道信息(DL CN Tunnel info for data forwarding)。
步骤1210，I-UPF1向SMF返回N4会话修改响应。
此时，I-UPF1与I-UPF2之间的转发隧道建立完成。I-UPF1可以将缓存的下行数据发送至I-UPF2。
以下步骤1211-步骤1218是建立UE与RAN2之间的空口连接、以及RAN2与I-UPF2之间的N3连接。
步骤1211，SMF向AMF发送N11确定消息。
可选的，该N11确定消息携带上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info)。
该N11确定消息在具体实现中，可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response。
步骤1212，AMF向RAN2发送N2请求消息。
可选的，该N2请求消息携带上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info)。步骤1213，RAN2发起与UE之间的无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)连接建立过程。
此时，UE与RAN2、I-UPF2之间的上行用户面连接建立完成。而且，I-UPF2与PSA之间的上行用户面连接已经在步骤1205中建立完成。那么，UE可以发送上行数据到RAN2、 I-UPF2、PSA。
步骤1214，RAN2返回N2请求确认，该N2请求确认携带RAN隧道信息(RAN tunnel info)。
RAN tunnel info用于发送至I-UPF2，以建立I-UPF2与RAN2之间的下行用户面连接。
步骤1215，AMF向SMF发送N11消息，N11消息携带RAN隧道信息(RAN tunnel info)。
在具体实现中，N11消息可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request。
步骤1216，SMF向I-UPF2发送N4会话修改请求，携带RAN隧道信息(RAN tunnel info)。
步骤1217，I-UPF2向AMF返回N4会话修改响应。
步骤1218，SMF向AMF返回N11确认消息。
在具体实现中，N11确认消息可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response。
上述步骤1217-步骤1218可选。
图12所示的实施例，解决了用户面连接恢复流程中下行数据的乱序问题。通过本方案，有助于避免下行数据的乱序，可以提升用户体验。
如图13所示，为本申请提供的一种下行数据的乱序控制方法。该方法用于解决图3所示的用户面连接恢复流程中的下行数据的乱序问题，且该方法是图6所示的实施例的方法的具体实现。
AS发送下行数据到达PSA，PSA将下行数据转发至I-UPF1，I-UPF1触发用户面连接恢复流程。如下是用户面连接恢复流程中的下行数据的乱序控制方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
当UE处于空闲态时，首先要寻呼到UE，然后UE从步骤1301开始执行；当UE处于连接态时，则从步骤1303开始执行。
在图13所示的步骤执行之前，下行数据由AS发送至PSA1，PSA1通过其与I-UPF1之间的用户面连接，将下行数据发送至I-UPF1。由于I-UPF1与RAN2之间的用户面连接没有恢复，因此I-UPF1缓存下行数据。
该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1301-步骤1303，同图12所示的实施例的步骤1201-步骤1203，可参考前述描述。
步骤1304，SMF进行UPF选择，选择I-UPF2。并且，SMF确定当前流程为用户面连接恢复流程，则触发建立RAN2、I-UPF2、I-UPF1之间的转发隧道。
以下步骤1305-步骤1308，用于建立I-UPF2与PSA之间的用户面连接。
步骤1305，SMF向I-UPF2发送N4会话建立请求，携带PSA隧道信息和指示信息。
PSA隧道信息是发送至I-UPF2，以建立I-UPF2与PSA之间的上行用户面连接。
该指示信息用于指示I-UPF2将来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接(N3转发隧道)发送至RAN2。
本申请中，该指示信息也可以称为第二指示信息。
步骤1306，I-UPF2向SMF返回N4会话建立响应，携带第一下行隧道信息(也称为DL CN Tunnel info for the PSA),第二下行隧道信息(也称为DL CN Tunnel info for data forwarding)。可选的，还携带第一上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN),第二上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info for RAN for new path)。
DL CN Tunnel info for the PSA，用于发送给PSA，以建立PSA与I-UPF2之间的下行用户面连接。DL CN Tunnel info for data forwarding，用于发送给I-UPF1，以建立I-UPF1与I-UPF2之间的转发隧道。UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN，用于发送给RAN2，以建立RAN2与I-UPF2之间的第一上行用户面连接(也称为第一上行通道)。UL CN Tunnel info for RAN for new path，用于发送给RAN2，以建立RAN2与I-UPF2之间的第二上行用户面连接(也称为第二上行通道)。
其中，I-UPF2与RAN2之间的第一用户面连接包括第一下行用户面连接(也称为N3转发隧道)和第一上行用户面连接(也称为第一上行通道)。I-UPF2与RAN2之间的第二用户面连接包括第二下行用户面连接(也称为N3用户面连接)和第二上行用户面连接(也称为第二上行通道)。
步骤1307，SMF向PSA发送N4会话修改请求，携带第一下行隧道信息(DL CN Tunnel info for the PSA)。
步骤1308，PSA返回N4会话修改响应。
此时，I-UPF2与PSA之间的下行用户面路径建立完成。需要说明的是，PSA在改变下行数据的发送路径之前，在老路径(即PSA、I-UPF1、I-UPF2节点所在的路径)上发送end marker。PSA路径改变后，PSA若再接收到下行数据，则将其发送至I-UPF2。
步骤1309，SMF向I-UPF1发送N4会话修改请求，携带第二下行隧道信息(DL CN Tunnel info for data forwarding)。
步骤1310，I-UPF1返回N4会话修改响应。
此时，I-UPF1与I-UPF2之间的转发隧道建立完成。I-UPF1可以将缓存的下行数据(步骤1301之前的数据)以及end marker发送至I-UPF2。
以下步骤1311-步骤1317用于建立RAN2与I-UPF2之间的N3用户面连接，以及用于建立RAN2与I-UPF2之间的N3转发隧道。其中，N3用户面连接用于传输来自I-UPF1的下行数据，N3转发隧道用于传输来自I-UPF2的下行数据。
步骤1311，SMF向AMF发送N11确认消息，该N11确认消息携带指示信息，该指示信息用于指示RAN2分配转发隧道信息。
本申请中，该指示信息也可以称为第一指示信息。
可选的，该N11确认消息还携带第一上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN),第二上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info for RAN for new path)。
作为一种实现方式，N11确认消息具体可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response。
步骤1312，AMF向RAN2发送N2请求。该N2请求携带指示信息。
可选的，该N2请求还携带第一上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info for the RAN),第二上行隧道信息(UL CN Tunnel info for RAN for new path)。
步骤1313，RAN2发起其与UE之间的RRC连接，以建立空口连接。
步骤1314，RAN2根据指示信息分配RAN隧道信息(RAN tunnel info)、RAN转发隧道信息(RAN tunnel info for data forwarding)，并向AMF发送N2请求确认，携带RAN隧道信息(RAN tunnel info)、RAN转发隧道信息(RAN tunnel info for data forwarding)。
其中，RAN隧道信息(RAN tunnel info)也可以称为N3用户面连接隧道信息，用于发送至I-UPF2，以建立I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3用户面连接，该N3用户面连接用于传 输来自老路径(即第一数据传输路径)的下行数据(即来自I-UPF1的下行数据)。
RAN转发隧道信息(RAN tunnel info for data forwarding)也可以称为N3转发隧道信息，用于发送至I-UPF2，以建立I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3转发隧道，该N3转发隧道用于传输来自新路径(即第二数据传输路径)的下行数据(即来自I-UPF2的下行数据)。其中，RAN2是根据接步骤1312接收到的指示信息，分配RAN转发隧道信息(RAN tunnel info for data forwarding)。
步骤1315，AMF向SMF发送N11消息，N11消息携带RAN隧道信息(RAN tunnel info)、RAN转发隧道信息(RAN tunnel info for data forwarding)。
在具体实现中，N11消息可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Request。
步骤1316，SMF向I-UPF2发送N4会话修改请求，携带RAN隧道信息(RAN tunnel info)、RAN转发隧道信息(RAN tunnel info for data forwarding)。
步骤1317，I-UPF2返回N4会话修改响应。
步骤1318，SMF向AMF返回N11确认消息。
在具体实现中，N11确认消息可以是Nsmf_PDUSession_UpdateSMContext Response。
上述步骤1317-步骤1318可选。
至此，RAN2与I-UPF2之间的N3转发隧道建立完成，RAN2与I-UPF2之间的N3用户面连接也建立完成。那么，I-UPF2可以把接收到的数据发送至RAN2。具体的，I-UPF2将从I-UPF1接收到的下行数据以及end marker通过I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3用户面连接发送至RAN2；I-UPF2将从PSA接收到的下行数据通过I-UPF2与RAN2之间的N3转发隧道发送至RAN2。
图13所示的实施例，解决了用户面连接恢复流程中下行数据的乱序问题。通过本方案，有助于避免下行数据的乱序，可以提升用户体验。
针对上述图10、图11、图13所示的实施例，第一用户面连接(也称为N3用户面连接)用于传输第一数据传输路径的数据，即传输老数据；第二用户面连接(也称为N3转发隧道)用于传输第二数据传输路径的数据，即传输新数据。作为一种可替代的实现方式，也可以是第一用户面连接(也称为N3用户面连接)用于传输第二数据传输路径的数据，即传输新数据；第二用户面连接(也称为N3转发隧道)用于传输第一数据传输路径的数据，即传输老数据。本申请不做限定。
可以理解的是，上述实现各网元为了实现上述功能，其包括了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本发明能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
如图14所示，为本申请所涉及的装置的一种可能的示例性框图，该装置1400可以以软件的形式存在。装置1400可以包括：处理单元1402和通信单元1403。作为一种实现方式，该通信单元1403可以包括接收单元和发送单元。处理单元1402用于对装置1400的动作进行控制管理。通信单元1403用于支持装置1400与其他网络实体的通信。装置1400还可以包括存储单元1401，用于存储装置1400的程序代码和数据。
其中，处理单元1402可以是处理器或控制器，例如可以是通用中央处理器(central  processing unit，CPU)，通用处理器，数字信号处理(digital signal processing，DSP)，专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuits，ASIC)，现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本发明公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。所述处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包括一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。通信单元1403可以是通信接口、收发器或收发电路等，其中，该通信接口是统称，在具体实现中，该通信接口可以包括多个接口。存储单元1401可以是存储器。
在第一种应用中，该装置1400可以为上述任一实施例中的接入网设备，还可以为可用于接入网设备的芯片。例如，当装置1400为接入网设备时，该处理单元例如可以是处理器，该通信单元例如可以是收发器。可选的，该收发器可以包括射频电路，该存储单元例如可以是存储器。例如，当装置1400为可用于接入网设备的芯片时，该处理单元例如可以是处理器，该通信单元例如可以是输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。该处理单元可执行存储单元存储的计算机执行指令，可选地，该存储单元为该芯片内的存储单元，如寄存器、缓存等，该存储单元还可以是该接入网设备内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元，如只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)等。
作为一个实施例，接收单元，用于接收路径汇聚网元通过与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接发送的第一数据传输路径的下行数据，以及接收路径汇聚网元通过与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接发送的第二数据传输路径的下行数据，第一数据传输路径为路径切换前的数据传输路径，第二数据传输路径为路径切换后的数据传输路径。发送单元，用于将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接收单元，还用于接收控制面网元发送的指示信息，指示信息用于指示接入网设备分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息。接入网设备分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息，并向控制面网元发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径为会话锚点改变流程中改变会话锚点前的路径，第二数据传输路径为改变会话锚点后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径为用户面连接恢复流程中用户面路径切换前的路径，第二数据传输路径为用户面连接恢复流程中用户面路径切换后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则路径汇聚网元为第二用户面网元。
在第二种应用中，该装置1400可以为上述任一实施例中的路径汇聚网元(如用户面网元、接入网设备、或会话锚点)，还可以为可用于路径汇聚网元的芯片。例如，当装置1400为路径汇聚网元时，该处理单元例如可以是处理器，该通信单元例如可以是收发器。可选的，该收发器可以包括射频电路，该存储单元例如可以是存储器。例如，当装置1400 为可用于路径汇聚网元的芯片时，该处理单元例如可以是处理器，该通信单元例如可以是输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。该处理单元可执行存储单元存储的计算机执行指令，可选地，该存储单元为该芯片内的存储单元，如寄存器、缓存等，该存储单元还可以是该路径汇聚网元内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元，如ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，RAM等。
作为一个实施例，接收单元，用于接收控制面网元的指示信息。发送单元，用于根据指示信息，将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元直到接收到第一数据传输路径的结束标记，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，结束标记用于指示第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在会话锚点改变流程中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和接入网设备，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和接入网设备，则路径汇聚网元为接入网设备。或者，在会话锚点改变流程中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，在会话锚点改变流程中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在用户面连接恢复流程中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则路径汇聚网元为第二用户面网元。
作为又一个实施例，接收单元，用于接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的下行数据。发送单元，用于通过路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接，向接入网设备发送第一数据传输路径的下行数据。以及，通过路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接，向接入网设备发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接收单元，在接收第一数据传输路径的下行数据和第二数据传输路径的时下行数据之前，还从控制面网元接收指示信息，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第二传输路径的下行数据通过路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接发送至接入网设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接收单元，用于接收控制面网元发送的接入网设备的第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径为会话锚点改变流程中改变会话锚点前的路径，第二数据传输路径为改变会话锚点后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径为用户面连接恢复流程中用户面路径切 换前的路径，第二数据传输路径为用户面连接恢复流程中用户面路径切换后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则路径汇聚网元为第二用户面网元。
在第三种应用中，该装置1400可以为上述任一实施例中的控制面网元(如会话管理网元)，还可以为可用于控制面网元的芯片。例如，当装置1400为控制面网元时，该处理单元例如可以是处理器，该通信单元例如可以是收发器。可选的，该收发器可以包括射频电路，该存储单元例如可以是存储器。例如，当装置1400为可用于控制面网元的芯片时，该处理单元例如可以是处理器，该通信单元例如可以是输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。该处理单元可执行存储单元存储的计算机执行指令，可选地，该存储单元为该芯片内的存储单元，如寄存器、缓存等，该存储单元还可以是该控制面网元内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元，如ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，RAM等。
作为一个实施例，处理单元，用于确定切换数据传输路径。
发送单元，用于向路径汇聚网元发送指示信息，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元直到接收到第一数据传输路径的结束标记，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，结束标记用于指示第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理单元，具体用于在会话锚点改变流程中，确定从第一会话锚点切换至第二会话锚点，其中，第一会话锚点位于第一数据传输路径，第二会话锚点位于第二数据传输路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和接入网设备，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和接入网设备，则路径汇聚网元为接入网设备。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理单元，具体用于在用户面连接恢复流程中，确定从第一用户面网元切换至第二用户面网元，其中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则路径汇聚网元为第二用户面网元。
作为又一个实施例，处理单元，用于在接入网设备切换流程中，建立路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接。以及，在会话锚点改变流程中，建立路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接。其中，第一用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至接入网设备，第二用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至接入网设备，第一数据传输路径为会话锚点改变流程中改变会话锚点前的路径，第二数据传输路径为改变会话锚点后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面 网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、第二会话锚点和用户面网元，则路径汇聚网元为用户面网元。或者，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络和第二会话锚点，则路径汇聚网元为第二会话锚点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理单元，具体用于：控制发送单元向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息。控制接收单元接收来自接入网设备的第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
控制发送单元向路径汇聚网元发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，发送单元，用于向路径汇聚网元发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示路径汇聚网元将第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接的隧道发送至接入网设备。
作为又一个实施例，处理单元，用于在用户面连接恢复流程中，确定从第一用户面网元切换至第二用户面网元。以及，建立第二用户面网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接，以及建立第二用户面网元与接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接。其中，第一用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至接入网设备，第二用户面连接用于路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至接入网设备，第一数据传输路径为用户面网元切换前的路径，第二数据传输路径为用户面网元切换后的路径。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，第二数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且第一用户面网元与第二用户面网元之间存在连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理单元，具体用于控制发送单元向接入网设备发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示接入网设备分配第二用户面连接的隧道信息。控制接收单元接收来自接入网设备的第二用户面连接的隧道信息。控制发送单元向第二用户面网元发送第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，发送单元，用于向第二用户面网元发送第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示第二用户面网元将第二数据传输路径的下行数据通过第二用户面连接发送至接入网设备。
参阅图15所示，为本申请提供的一种装置示意图，该装置可以是上述控制面网元、路径汇聚网元、或接入网设备。该装置1500包括：处理器1502、通信接口1503、存储器1501。可选的，装置1500还可以包括总线1504。其中，通信接口1503、处理器1502以及存储器1501可以通过通信线路1504相互连接；通信线路1504可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，简称PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，简称EISA)总线等。所述通信线路1504可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图15中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
处理器1502可以是一个CPU，微处理器，ASIC，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信接口1503，使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks， WLAN)，有线接入网等。
存储器1501可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically er服务器able programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路1504与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
其中，存储器1501用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器1502来控制执行。处理器1502用于执行存储器1501中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请上述实施例提供的下行数据的乱序控制方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包括一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(Solid State Disk，SSD))等。
本申请实施例中所描述的各种说明性的逻辑单元和电路可以通过通用处理器，数字信号处理器，专用集成电路(ASIC)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑装置，离散门或晶体管逻辑，离散硬件部件，或上述任何组合的设计来实现或操作所描述的功能。通用处理器可以为微处理器，可选地，该通用处理器也可以为任何传统的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器也可以通过计算装置的组合来实现，例如数字信号处理器和微处理器，多个微处理器，一个或多个微处理器联合一个数字信号处理器核，或任何其它类似的配置来实现。
本申请实施例中所描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接嵌入硬件、处理器执行的软件单元、或者这两者的结合。软件单元可以存储于RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM或本领域中其它任意形式的存储媒介中。示例性地，存储媒介可以与处理器连接，以使得处理器可以从存储媒介中读取信息，并可以向存储媒介存写信息。可选地，存储媒介还可以集成到处理器中。处理器和存储媒介可以设置于ASIC中，ASIC可以设置于终端设备中。可选地，处理器和 存储媒介也可以设置于终端设备中的不同的部件中。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    控制面网元确定切换数据传输路径；
    控制面网元向路径汇聚网元发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，所述第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，所述第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息用于指示所述路径汇聚网元直到接收到所述第一数据传输路径的结束标记，再发送所述第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，所述结束标记用于指示所述第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制面网元确定切换数据传输路径，包括：
    在会话锚点改变流程中，所述控制面网元确定从第一会话锚点切换至第二会话锚点，其中，所述第一会话锚点位于所述第一数据传输路径，所述第二会话锚点位于所述第二数据传输路径。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和接入网设备，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述第二会话锚点和所述接入网设备，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述接入网设备；或者，
    所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述第二会话锚点和所述用户面网元，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述用户面网元；或者，
    所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和所述第二会话锚点，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络和所述第二会话锚点，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述第二会话锚点。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制面网元确定切换数据传输路径，包括：
    在用户面连接恢复流程中，所述控制面网元确定从第一用户面网元切换至第二用户面网元，其中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和所述第一用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述会话锚点和所述第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后所述第一用户面网元与所述第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述第二用户面网元。
  6. 一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    路径汇聚网元从控制面网元接收指示信息；
    所述路径汇聚网元根据所述指示信息，将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，所述第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，所述第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息用于指示所述路径汇聚网元直到接收到所述第一数据传输路径的结束标记，再发送所述第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，所述结束标记用于指示所述第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，在会话锚点改变流程中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和接入网设备，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述第二会话锚点和所述接入网设备，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述接入网设备；或者，
    在会话锚点改变流程中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述第二会话锚点和所述用户面网元，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述用户面网元；或者，
    在会话锚点改变流程中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和所述第二会话锚点，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络和所述第二会话锚点，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述第二会话锚点。
  9. 如权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，在用户面连接恢复流程中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后所述第一用户面网元与所述第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述第二用户面网元。
  10. 一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    在接入网设备切换流程中，控制面网元建立路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接；
    在会话锚点改变流程中，所述控制面网元建立所述路径汇聚网元与所述接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接；
    其中，所述第一用户面连接用于所述路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至所述接入网设备，所述第二用户面连接用于所述路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至所述接入网设备，所述第一数据传输路径为会话锚点改变流程中改变会话锚点前的路径，所述第二数据传输路径为改变会话锚点后的路径。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、第二会话锚点和所述用户面网元，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述用户面网元；或者，
    所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络和所述第二会话锚点，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述第二会话锚点。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制面网元建立所述路径汇聚网元与所述接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接，包括：
    控制面网元向所述接入网设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备分配所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息；
    所述控制面网元接收来自所述接入网设备的所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息；
    所述控制面网元向路径汇聚网元发送所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
  13. 一种下行数据的乱序控制方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    在用户面连接恢复流程中，控制面网元确定从第一用户面网元切换至第二用户面网元；
    所述控制面网元建立所述第二用户面网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接，以及建立所述第二用户面网元与所述接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接；
    其中，所述第一用户面连接用于所述路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至所述接入网设备，所述第二用户面连接用于所述路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至所述接入网设备，所述第一数据传输路径为用户面网元切换前的路径，所述第二数据传输路径为用户面网元切换后的路径。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和所述第一用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述会话锚点和所述第二用户面网元，且所述第一用户面网元与所述第二用户面网元之间存在连接。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制面网元建立所述第二用户面网元与所述接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接，包括：
    所述控制面网元向所述接入网设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备分配所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息；
    所述控制面网元接收来自所述接入网设备的所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息；
    所述控制面网元向所述第二用户面网元发送所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
  16. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于确定切换数据传输路径；
    发送单元，用于向路径汇聚网元发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述路径汇聚网元将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，所述第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，所述第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息用于指示所述路径汇聚网元直到接收到所述第一数据传输路径的结束标记，再发送所述第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，所述结束标记用于指示所述第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。
  18. 如权利要求16或17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于在会话锚点改变流程中，确定从第一会话锚点切换至第二会话锚点，其中，所述第一会话锚点位于所述第一数据传输路径，所述第二会话锚点位于所述第二数据传输路径。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和接入网设备，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述第二会话锚点和所述接入网设备，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述接入网设备；或者，
    所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述第二会话锚点和所述用户面网元，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述用户面网元；或者，
    所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和所述第二会话锚点，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络和所述第二会话锚点，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述第二会话锚点。
  20. 如权利要求16或17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元，具体用于在用户面连接恢复流程中，确定从第一用户面网元切换至第二用户面网元，其中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和所述第一用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述会话锚点和所述第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后所述第一用户面网元与所述第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述第二用户面网元。
  21. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于从控制面网元接收指示信息；
    发送单元，用于根据所述指示信息，将第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送完成之后，再发送第二数据传输路径的下行数据，所述第一数据传输路径为切换前的数据传输路径，所述第二数据传输路径为切换后的数据传输路径。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息用于指示所述路径汇聚网元直到接收到所述第一数据传输路径的结束标记，再发送所述第二数据传输路径的下行数据包，所述结束标记用于指示所述第一数据传输路径的下行数据传输完毕。
  23. 如权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，在会话锚点改变流程中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和接入网设备，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述第二会话锚点和所述接入网设备，则所述装置为所述接入网设备；或者，
    在会话锚点改变流程中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述第二会话锚点和所述用户面网元，则所述装置为所述用户面网元；或者，
    在会话锚点改变流程中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、所述第一会话锚点和所述第二会话锚点，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络和所述第二会话锚点，则所述装置为所述第二会话锚点。
  24. 如权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，在用户面连接恢复流程中，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和第一用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述会话锚点和第二用户面网元，且用户面路径切换后所述第一用户面网元与所述第二用户面网元之间存在连接，则所述装置为所述第二用户面网元。
  25. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于在接入网设备切换流程中，建立路径汇聚网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接；以及，在会话锚点改变流程中，建立所述路径汇聚网元与所述接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接；
    其中，所述第一用户面连接用于所述路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至所述接入网设备，所述第二用户面连接用于将所述路径汇聚网元接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至所述接入网设备，所述第一数据传输路径为会话锚点改变流程中改变会话锚点前的路径，所述第二数据传输路径为改变会话锚点后的路径。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、第二会话锚点和所述用户面网元，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述用户面网元；或者，
    所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、第一会话锚点和第二会话锚点，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络和所述第二会话锚点，则所述路径汇聚网元为所述第二会话锚点。
  27. 如权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括发送单元和接收单元；
    所述处理单元，具体用于：
    控制所述发送单元向所述接入网设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示 所述接入网设备分配所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息；
    控制所述接收单元接收来自所述接入网设备的所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息；
    控制所述发送单元向路径汇聚网元发送所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
  28. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于在用户面连接恢复流程中，确定从第一用户面网元切换至第二用户面网元；建立所述第二用户面网元与接入网设备之间的第一用户面连接，以及建立所述第二用户面网元与所述接入网设备之间的第二用户面连接；
    其中，所述第一用户面连接用于所述路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第一数据传输路径的下行数据发送至所述接入网设备，所述第二用户面连接用于所述路径汇聚网元将接收到的来自第二数据传输路径的下行数据发送至所述接入网设备，所述第一数据传输路径为用户面网元切换前的路径，所述第二数据传输路径为用户面网元切换后的路径。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一数据传输路径经过数据网络、会话锚点和所述第一用户面网元，所述第二数据传输路径经过所述数据网络、所述会话锚点和所述第二用户面网元，且所述第一用户面网元与所述第二用户面网元之间存在连接。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括发送单元和接收单元；
    所述处理单元，具体用于：
    控制所述发送单元向所述接入网设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述接入网设备分配所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息；
    控制所述接收单元接收来自所述接入网设备的所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息；
    控制所述发送单元向所述第二用户面网元发送所述第二用户面连接的隧道信息。
PCT/CN2019/103422 2018-11-14 2019-08-29 下行数据的乱序控制方法及装置 WO2020098334A1 (zh)

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