WO2020097933A1 - Capteur de tension et appareil - Google Patents

Capteur de tension et appareil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020097933A1
WO2020097933A1 PCT/CN2018/115999 CN2018115999W WO2020097933A1 WO 2020097933 A1 WO2020097933 A1 WO 2020097933A1 CN 2018115999 W CN2018115999 W CN 2018115999W WO 2020097933 A1 WO2020097933 A1 WO 2020097933A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
capacitor
coupled
winding
transformer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/115999
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Liang Wu
Zhonghua Deng
Original Assignee
Abb Schweiz Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Schweiz Ag filed Critical Abb Schweiz Ag
Priority to EP18939915.7A priority Critical patent/EP3881085A4/fr
Priority to CN201880099410.2A priority patent/CN112997086A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/115999 priority patent/WO2020097933A1/fr
Publication of WO2020097933A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020097933A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/16—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using capacitive devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • G01R31/42—AC power supplies

Definitions

  • Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to voltage measurement, and more particularly, to a voltage sensor and an apparatus including the voltage sensor.
  • Alternating current (AC) power supply is widely used to provide electrical power.
  • voltages at various locations of the AC power supply need to be measured to determine real-time condition of AC transmission lines or equipment.
  • a resistance voltage divider (RVD) or a capacitance voltage divider (CVD) device is often used.
  • the CVD device includes two capacitors coupled between the AC power supply and ground.
  • RVD and CVD approaches are inaccurate and inefficient, because they are easily affected by a load, such as the transformer, coupled to the RVD or CVD.
  • Example embodiments of the present disclosure propose a solution for AC voltage measuring.
  • example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a voltage sensor.
  • the voltage sensor comprises a first capacitor configured to receive a first voltage for a first phase of an alternating current supply system, a second capacitor coupled between the first capacitor and a reference voltage and configured to generate a second voltage based on the first voltage; and a transformer comprising a first winding coupled in parallel to the second capacitor and a second winding magnetically coupled to the first winding, the transformer configured to generate, based on the second voltage, a third voltage directly for a field testing unit without conversion of voltage by a further transformer, the third voltage being below the second voltage.
  • the first voltage is below 50 kV
  • the third voltage is below 12V.
  • the first winding is directly coupled in parallel to the second capacitor without a reactance element coupled in serial with the first winding.
  • the voltage sensor further comprises a third winding magnetically coupled to the first winding and configured to generate, based on the second voltage, a fault detection voltage for detecting a fault of the AC supply system.
  • the voltage sensor further comprises an adjustable capacitor coupled to the second capacitor and configured to adjust capacitance of the second capacitor.
  • example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a system for measuring voltages of at least two phases of an alternating current supply system.
  • the system comprises at least two voltage sensors of the first aspect.
  • the at least two voltage sensors are configured to sense voltages of the at least two phases of the AC supply system and output voltage signals indicating voltages of respective phase of the AC supply system.
  • the system further comprises a connection shielding wire coupled to the at least voltage sensors and configured to transmit the third voltages from the at least two voltage sensors.
  • connection shielding wire includes two shielding layers encapsulating the conductive connection wire.
  • example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a voltage sensing apparatus for implementing the voltage sensor of the first aspect.
  • the voltage sensing apparatus comprises an AC terminal configured to receive the first voltage for the first phase of the AC supply system, the voltage sensor of the first aspect, and an output terminal coupled to the second winding and configured to output the third voltage; and an insulation material configured to encapsulate the first capacitor and the transformer and expose the second capacitor.
  • the first electrode of the first capacitor of the voltage sensor is electrically coupled to the AC terminal.
  • the first capacitor includes a ceramic capacitor
  • the second capacitor comprises a ceramic capacitor
  • the transformer is located between the first capacitor and the second capacitor with a wire extending through hollow portion of the windings of the transformer, the wire being configured to couple the first capacitor to the second capacitor.
  • the system further comprises a first socket electrically coupled to the first capacitor and the reference voltage, the first socket being configured to be fit by the second capacitor.
  • the output terminal is configured to match an aviation plug.
  • the aviation plug is configured to couple to a connection shielding wire.
  • the first capacitor is located above the transformer and the electrodes of the first capacitor are configured to electromagnetically shield the first capacitor and uniform electric field.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a system for measuring voltages of three phases of an AC supply system in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 illustrates voltage sensing apparatuses for the three phases of AC supply system in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic for the voltage sensor and a FTU in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a cross-section view of a voltage sensing apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a front view of an output terminal for an aviation plug in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the term “comprises” or “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ”
  • the term “or” is to be read as “and/or” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
  • the term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ”
  • the term “being operable to” is to mean a function, an action, a motion or a state can be achieved by an operation induced by a user or an external mechanism.
  • the term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ”
  • the term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ”
  • CVT capacitor voltage transformer
  • a load such as a field testing unit (FTU)
  • FTU field testing unit
  • the FTU often includes a transformer to further convert the voltage in the order of dozens of volts to a voltage in an order of several volts, for example 2V, such that the voltage in the order of several volts can be suitable for subsequent processing.
  • the capacitor or resistor at the lower portion of the RVD or CVD device may be vulnerable for breakdown.
  • the load at the lower portion of the RVD or CVD device is coupled in parallel to the capacitor or the resistor, and the capacitance or resistance of the FTU and cable poses a non-negligible effect to the capacitor of the lower portion.
  • the change of FTU will change the parallel resistance or capacitance of the lower portion, and the voltage of the lower portion will also change. In this case, the change of FTU and cable will easily affect accuracy of the RVD or CVD device.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a system 1 for measuring voltages of three phases of an AC supply system in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the system 1 includes a first voltage sensor 10 for measuring a first phase V A of the AC supply system, a second voltage sensor 20 for measuring a second phase V B of the AC supply system, and a third voltage sensor 30 for measuring a third phase Vc of the AC supply system.
  • the first, second and third voltage sensors are coupled to a FTU 40 for obtaining a data indicating voltages at respective phase.
  • the FTU 40 includes a first signal processing unit (SPU) 41, a second SPU 42, a third SPU 43 and a comparison circuit 44.
  • the first, second and third SPUs are coupled to respective voltage sensor for obtaining a data indicating voltages at respective phase.
  • the system 1 includes three voltage sensors and three FTUs, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here. For example, only one voltage sensor and SPU for any phase of the AC system may be applied, and more than three voltage sensors and FTUs may also be applied.
  • the comparison circuit 44 is serially coupled with the first, second and third voltage sensors for measuring summed voltage of the voltage signals from the three voltage sensors. Since the three voltages are from three phases of the AC supply system, normally the summed voltage is small, for example 0V. In case that the summed voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage window, for example, -1V to +1V, there may be a fault in the AC supply system. The comparison circuit 44 may thus transmit a signal indicating the fault to an alert device or to a control center of the AC supply system.
  • the three SPUs and the processing circuit 44 are provided in the FTU 40, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here.
  • the three FTUs and the processing circuit 44 may be provided separately.
  • a FTU is used as a load for obtaining digital information of the voltage of the AC supply system, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here.
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • Fig. 2 illustrates voltage sensing apparatuses for the three phases of AC supply system in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the three voltage sensing apparatus 11, the second voltage sensing apparatus 21 and the third voltage sensing apparatus 31 are used to implement the three voltage sensors 10, 20 and 30.
  • Each of the three voltage sensing apparatuses includes an output terminal for an aviation plug.
  • the aviation plug is coupled with a connection shielding wire 321 to transmit the voltages to the FTUs.
  • connection shielding wire 321 includes a two-layer shielding structure.
  • the connection shielding wire 321 includes a first shielding layer, such as aluminum foil layer, to encapsulate an insulation layer encapsulating the core conductive wire.
  • the connection shielding wire 321 may also include a second shielding layer, such as copper-mesh layer, to encapsulate the first shielding layer.
  • three voltage sensing apparatuses are illustrated, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here.
  • only one sensing apparatus or two sensing apparatuses may be applied, and more than three sensing apparatus may also be applied.
  • two phases of AC supply voltage may be employed. In this event, two sensing apparatuses may be used for sensing voltage of respective phase. Details of the voltage sensing apparatus will be described below.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic for the voltage sensor 10 and a FTU 40 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the voltage sensor 10 is an example of the three voltage sensors of Fig. 1, and includes a first capacitor 12, a second capacitor 14 and a transformer 16.
  • the first capacitor 12 is configured to receive a first voltage V A for a first phase of an AC supply system.
  • the first voltage is below 50 kV.
  • the first voltage may be one of 40.5 kV, 35 kV, 24 kV, 12 kV, 6kV and 3kV.
  • the second capacitor 14 is coupled between the first capacitor 12 and a reference voltage, for example ground, and configured to generate a second voltage based on the first voltage.
  • the second voltage is below 50 V. In an example, the second voltage is 18.8 V.
  • the transformer 16 includes a first winding 164 and a second winding 166.
  • the first winding 164 is coupled in parallel to the second capacitor 14.
  • the second winding 166 is magnetically coupled to the first winding 164.
  • the transformer 16 is configured to generate, based on the second voltage, a third voltage directly for a FTU without conversion of voltage by a further transformer.
  • the third voltage is below 12 V, which is below the second voltage. In an example, the third voltage is 1.88 V.
  • the transformer 16 may increase impedance.
  • the first winding 164 is directly coupled in parallel to the second capacitor 14 without a reactance element coupled in serial with first winding.
  • a reactance 162 is illustrated in Fig. 4, this reactance 162 is inherent to or can be implemented by the first winding 164.
  • no reactance element is needed to serially couple to the first winding 164. This is because the reactance in this case is relatively small, and the reactance of the first winding 164 can achieves the function of an individual reactance.
  • a separate reactance element is needed to serially couple to the first winding for resonance in conventional CVD or RVD approaches for AC voltages of 110 kV.
  • the voltage sensor 10 eliminates requirement of a separate reactance element. This reduces cost of a voltage sensor.
  • the voltage sensor 10 may further include a third winding 168.
  • the third winding 168 is magnetically coupled to the first winding 164, and configured to generate, based on the second voltage, a fault detection voltage for detecting a fault of the AC supply system.
  • the third winding 168 is serially coupled with the third windings of another two voltage sensors and the comparison circuit for detecting the fault of the AC supply system, as described above with reference to the comparison circuit 44 of Fig. 1.
  • the voltage sensor 10 may include no third winding.
  • the voltage sensor may sense respective phase, and the processing circuit may determine an fault based on the data from the three voltage sensor without a fault detection voltage from the serially coupled third windings.
  • the voltage sensor 10 is illustrated to include a second capacitor 14, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here.
  • an adjustable capacitor (not shown) may be coupled to the second capacitor 14 and configured to adjust capacitance of the second capacitor 14.
  • the utility operator may adjust the voltage sensor 10 in-site as needed.
  • the second voltage and the third voltage may be adjusted in response to adjusting the adjustable capacitor.
  • the second capacitor 14 may be an adjustable capacitor.
  • the SPU 41 includes an operational amplifier 411, an ADC converter 412 and a controller 413.
  • the operational amplifier 411 is directly coupled to the second winding 166 and configured to receive the voltage signal from the second winding 166.
  • the ADC converter 412 is coupled to the operational amplifier 412, and configured to convert the voltage signal into a digital signal.
  • the controller 413 is configured to determine the data indicative of the voltages of the at least two phases based on the digital signal.
  • the controller 413 is a CPU. Although a CPU may be used to implement the controller 413, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here.
  • a digital signal processor DSP may also be used to implement the controller 413. It can be seen that the third voltage is directly transmitted to the SPU 41 without conversion of voltage by a further transformer.
  • the composite impedance of the cable and the FTU will be much greater than original composite impedance at the second capacitor 14 due to impedance amplification of the transformer 16 and also significantly greater than the impedance of the second capacitor. In this case, the variation of the load applied at the second capacitor 14 will have little impact on the sensing accuracy. In addition, the cost of the FTU and the AC voltage sensing system is reduced.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a cross-section view of a voltage sensing apparatus 11 in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the voltage sensing apparatus 11 includes a housing 111 fixed to a support base 114, and an AC terminal 112 arranged on a first surface of the housing 111 for receiving the first voltage V A for the first phase of the AC supply system. By setting the AC terminal 112 on top surface and other terminals on other surface, the apparatus is easy to mount in-site.
  • the voltage sensing apparatus 11 is illustrated to include a housing 111, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here.
  • the voltage sensing apparatus 11 may include no housing 111, with the encapsulation material exposed to environment.
  • the voltage sensor 10 of Fig. 3 is located in the housing 111.
  • the first capacitor 12 included two electrodes 121 and 123. Both electrodes are sufficiently large so as to shield the transformer 16 in a top view. By setting so, the first capacitor 12 is located above the transformer 16, and the electrodes of the first capacitor 12 provide an electromagnetically shielding function due to the large electrodes of the first capacitor 12.
  • a first electrode 121 is located on top surface of the voltage sensor 10.
  • the first electrode 121 of the first capacitor 12 of the voltage sensor 10 is electrically coupled to the AC terminal 112.
  • the second electrode 123 of the first capacitor 12 of the voltage sensor 10 is located below the first electrode 121.
  • a dielectric 122 is sandwiched between the first and second electrodes 121 and 123.
  • the first capacitor 12 and the second capacitor 14 may be ceramic capacitors.
  • the voltage sensing device may have a compact size and a long life time.
  • the ceramic capacitor may have a stable property during temperature variation. For voltage sensors for an AC system, temperature may change significantly. As such, the ceramic capacitor can provide a stable capacitance during the temperature variation, and the sensing accuracy may be increased accordingly.
  • the second capacitor 14 is located on bottom surface of the voltage sensor 10, and is electrically coupled to the first capacitor 12 via a wire extending through hollow portion of the windings of the transformer 16.
  • the transformer 16 is located between the first capacitor 12 and the second capacitor 14.
  • the first and second windings of the transformer 16 are circled around the wire, and insulated from each other by an insulation material 118.
  • the insulation material 118 is filled into the housing 111 and configured to encapsulate the first capacitor 12 and the transformer 16 and expose the second capacitor 14.
  • the insulation material 118 may be epoxy.
  • An output terminal 113 is located on a second surface of the housing 111 for outputting the third voltage.
  • the output terminal 113 is electrically coupled to a second electrode of the second winding 166, configured to match an aviation plug.
  • the insulation material 118 is filled between the output terminal and ground.
  • the voltage sensor can withstand a voltage variation of 3 kV/min.
  • the conventional CVD or RVD device cannot withstand such a voltage variation, because the 3 kV voltage directly applied between the output terminal and the ground may cause a breakdown to the CVD or RVD device.
  • Our design can withstand due to the physical separate between first winding and second winding.
  • the second capacitor 14 is exposed from the insulation material 118. By setting so, the second capacitor 14 may be easily dismounted from the voltage sensor and replaced by a new second capacitor.
  • a first socket may be provided to electrically couple to the first capacitor 12 and the reference voltage.
  • the first socket may be encapsulated by the insulation material 118, and configured to be fit by the second capacitor 14.
  • a further socket may be provided for the adjustable capacitor 15 as described above.
  • the further socket may also be encapsulated by the insulation material 118, and configured to be fit by the adjustable capacitor.
  • two sockets are illustrated for the second capacitor 14 and the adjustable capacitor 15, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here.
  • only one socket or more than three sockets may be provided for capacitors.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a front view of an output terminal 113 for an aviation plug in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the output terminal 113 is configured to match the aviation plug, and includes four terminals for voltage signal and ground, and a circular insulation material 281. Although the four terminals are illustrated, this is only for illustration without suggesting any limitations as to the scope of the subject matter described here. For example, two or more than four terminals may be provided in the circular insulation material 281.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Des modes de réalisation de la présente invention concernent un capteur de tension (10) et un appareil (11) comprenant le capteur de tension (10). Le capteur de tension (10) comprend un premier condensateur (12) conçu pour recevoir une première tension pour une première phase d'un système d'alimentation en courant alternatif (1), un second condensateur (14) couplé entre le premier condensateur (12) et une tension de référence et conçu pour générer une deuxième tension sur la base de la première tension ; et un transformateur (16) comprenant un premier enroulement (164) couplé en parallèle au second condensateur (14) et un second enroulement (166) couplé magnétiquement au premier enroulement (164), le transformateur (16) étant conçu pour générer une troisième tension directement pour une unité de test de champ sans conversion de tension par un autre transformateur. La troisième tension est basée sur la deuxième tension et est inférieure à la deuxième tension.
PCT/CN2018/115999 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Capteur de tension et appareil WO2020097933A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18939915.7A EP3881085A4 (fr) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Capteur de tension et appareil
CN201880099410.2A CN112997086A (zh) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 电压传感器和装置
PCT/CN2018/115999 WO2020097933A1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Capteur de tension et appareil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2018/115999 WO2020097933A1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Capteur de tension et appareil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020097933A1 true WO2020097933A1 (fr) 2020-05-22

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PCT/CN2018/115999 WO2020097933A1 (fr) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Capteur de tension et appareil

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EP (1) EP3881085A4 (fr)
CN (1) CN112997086A (fr)
WO (1) WO2020097933A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN112924904A (zh) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-08 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 一种适用于馈线终端的航空插头线序识别工具

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IT201600103234A1 (it) 2016-10-14 2018-04-14 Green Seas Ventures Ldt Sistema Costruttivo afferente un sensore capacitivo di tensione
IT201800004114A1 (it) 2018-03-30 2019-09-30 Green Seas Ventures Ltd C/O Citco B V I Ltd Sistema costruttivo afferente un sensore capacitivo di tensione
CN113227802A (zh) 2018-12-17 2021-08-06 G&W电气公司 电传感器组合件
CA3121832A1 (fr) 2018-12-17 2020-06-25 G & W Electric Company Ensemble capteur electrique

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112924904A (zh) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-08 青岛鼎信通讯股份有限公司 一种适用于馈线终端的航空插头线序识别工具

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EP3881085A4 (fr) 2022-07-20
CN112997086A (zh) 2021-06-18
EP3881085A1 (fr) 2021-09-22

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