WO2020097849A1 - 长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线 - Google Patents

长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020097849A1
WO2020097849A1 PCT/CN2018/115625 CN2018115625W WO2020097849A1 WO 2020097849 A1 WO2020097849 A1 WO 2020097849A1 CN 2018115625 W CN2018115625 W CN 2018115625W WO 2020097849 A1 WO2020097849 A1 WO 2020097849A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filament
yarn
control device
tension
front roller
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/115625
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
华涛
冯杰
刘畅
严文琦
Original Assignee
香港纺织及成衣研发中心
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 香港纺织及成衣研发中心 filed Critical 香港纺织及成衣研发中心
Priority to PCT/CN2018/115625 priority Critical patent/WO2020097849A1/zh
Publication of WO2020097849A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020097849A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/02—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously ring type
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of ring spinning, in particular to a filament short fiber composite spinning method, corresponding spinning equipment and the prepared composite yarn.
  • Sirofil spinning is to feed a filament and a roving whisker at a certain distance, so that the filament and the short fiber whisker are wrapped into a yarn;
  • the core yarn is a filament from One or two roving strands are fed in the middle to realize the composite yarn structure where the short fibers are wrapped with filaments as the core;
  • embedding spinning is to feed the two filaments into the front roller at a certain distance to feed the two short fibers
  • the rovings are fed into the front roller symmetrically at a certain distance, forming a filament on one side and a short fiber strand on the side firstly pre-wrapped, and then combined with the pre-wound composite yarn strand on the other side. Twist to form a more complex composite yarn.
  • the above-mentioned composite spinning method requires that the positions of the filament and the short fiber whisker are relatively fixed and unchanged.
  • the position of the filament relative to the short fiber is relatively fixed, and the filament is completely covered in the short
  • the produced composite yarn has the defect that the cohesion between the filament and the short fiber is insufficient, and the relative relationship between the filament and the short fiber is likely to occur in the subsequent processing Sliding not only affects the weaving efficiency, but also has a certain impact on the quality and performance of yarns and fabrics.
  • Patent Publication No. CN190107391A "Filament Bundle Variable Tension Natural Convergence Coupling Wrapped Gradient Spinning Mechanism and Method” introduces a spinning mechanism, which can accurately adjust the tension of the filament bundle and make the filament bundle and The tension controller of the natural converging point of the short fiber whisker moves left and right, up and down, a bundler with positioning and unfolding functions, and a tension control mechanism. This method can produce periodic or variable cycle colors and the appearance of apparent fiber components. Coupling gradient composite yarn with morphological and mechanical properties.
  • CN102787411B "A front-mounted left-right displacement super-feeding composite spinning device, process and application” introduces a package that can realize the change of the angle and overfeed of filaments or yarns to the back and forth of short fibers
  • the entangled composite spinning device can realize that the filament or yarn is wrapped with the short fiber whisker at different angles by adjusting the position of the position-changing yarn guide hook, thereby forming a super-feed composite yarn with different effects and performances.
  • a film-spun ring spinning composite spinning method introduces a film-spun ring spinning composite spinning method, which is above each drafting mechanism of the ring spinning machine
  • a film cutting and drafting device is provided, and a cutting zone is formed between the cut-resistant ring and the cutting roll of the film cutting device, and a ribbon-shaped multifilament is formed by cutting, and the type film is filamentized, and the multifilament passes through the first and second drafting zones in sequence Drafting is carried out to increase the strength of the filaments in the multifilament, and the nanofilaments are obtained by thinning the filaments.
  • the twisted composite yarn is fully mixed and the outer layer is exposed and wrapped with nano-filaments.
  • filaments, nanofibers and conventional short fibers are uniformly mixed and fully twisted.
  • Patent Publication No. 102677248 B "A Forced Internal and External Transfer Filament Composite Ring Spinning Method" introduces a short fiber roving and filament ring composite
  • the spinning method which uses the relative movement of two short fiber rovings and the reciprocating movement of the filament to increase the internal and external transfer between the filament and the short fiber, so as to achieve the enhancement of the mutual interaction, but the method uses two Staple fiber rovings are expensive and complicated. At the same time, the continuous movement of short fiber rovings during drafting will reduce the quality of the yarn.
  • the ring spinning technology provided by the present invention adopts a short fiber roving whose position remains unchanged during the spinning process, and the length is adjusted by the movement of the filament position and the precise control of its own tension.
  • the position of the yarn in the yarn body and the ratio of the filaments on the surface yarn realize the cross structure in which the filaments in the composite yarn are partially wrapped around the surface of the yarn body and partially buried in the yarn body, thereby enhancing the filament and Engagement of short fibers.
  • the surface and physical properties of the yarn such as yarn hairiness, can also be improved by adjusting the ratio of the filament on the surface yarn.
  • the yarns and fabrics made by this method have the advantages of high strength, less hairiness, uniformity, good wear resistance, pilling resistance, low itchiness of woolen fabrics, and good dimensional stability.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a processing method and equipment for filament spinning composite spinning of a ring spinning machine to improve the structure of the yarn, improve the cohesion between the filament and the short fiber, and increase the long The performance of silk staple fiber composite yarn and the performance of the fabric.
  • a processing method of filament short fiber composite spinning proposed by the present invention is as follows: short fiber roving strands are fed from the rear roller of the ring spinning machine, and are output from the front roller after drafting; filaments Feeding from any position of the front roller, through the tension control device, position control device and movement control device, the filament and the drawn fiber whisker meet at the front roller jaws, and the twist is obtained by the action of the ring spinning ring In order to form a special structure filament staple fiber composite yarn with some filaments wrapped around the surface of the yarn body and some filaments located in the yarn body.
  • the short fibers may be natural fibers or chemical fibers, which are particularly suitable for wool and wool blended fibers, and are used to produce high-count smooth functional yarns;
  • the filaments can be monofilaments or multifilaments, and the fineness of the filaments depends on the yarn count and product requirements;
  • the filament is partially wrapped on the surface of the yarn body, and partially buried in the yarn body;
  • the filament can be fixed between the feeding middle roller and the front roller.
  • a tension control device, a position control device and a movement control device are also included to Precisely control the tension and corresponding position of filament feeding;
  • the filaments can be continuously moved between the front rollers during feeding.
  • a movement control device is included to control the filaments to move regularly within a certain range
  • the reciprocating movement of the filament feeding position in spinning can be achieved by the rotation of the yarn guide wheel and the surface reciprocating groove, or it can be achieved by driving the yarn guide wheel to reciprocate left and right;
  • the movement range of the filament is 0 to 32 mm;
  • the present invention also provides a processing device for filament short fiber composite spinning of a ring spinning machine.
  • the device includes: a tension control device, which is arranged before the front roller and used to control the feeding of the filament Tension; filament position control device and movement control device, set between the front roller and tension control device, used to control the position of the filament feeding.
  • a tension control device which is arranged before the front roller and used to control the feeding of the filament Tension
  • filament position control device and movement control device set between the front roller and tension control device, used to control the position of the filament feeding.
  • the surface of the rotatable yarn guide wheel of the device has a reciprocating groove or the yarn guide wheel itself can reciprocate left and right.
  • the utility model is characterized in a processing device for filament short fiber composite spinning of a ring spinning machine, which is characterized by comprising a front roller, a middle roller and a back roller, wherein the short fiber roving whisker is taken from the ring spinning yarn
  • the rear roller of the machine is fed and output from the front roller after drafting; the filament is fed from any position of the front roller; the filament and the drawn fiber strand merge at the jaw of the front roller and pass through the ring spinning ring
  • the effect is to obtain a twist, which becomes a composite yarn.
  • the tension control device is composed of a smooth cylinder and a cylindrical rubber roller, which can One end of the wire is used for holding.
  • it also includes a position control device between the front roller and the tension control device, which is used to control and adjust the position when the filament is fed. At this time, the position of the filament is fixed;
  • it also includes a movement control device between the front roller and the tension control device, which is used to control the position when the filament is fed, and at this time, the position of the filament is constantly moving;
  • the movement control device has inclined grooves with different widths, a spiral reciprocating groove, the width and depth of the groove are constantly changing, the material of the groove is plastic, light weight, high hardness, surface Smooth, the filament passes through the groove, and the frictional contact force between the filament and the groove can cause the groove to rotate circumferentially, so that the filament will follow the spiral reciprocating groove within a certain range.
  • the position of the flute changes, and the length of the groove along its axial direction is the variation range of the filament position.
  • a composite yarn including filaments and short fiber strands, the filaments are partially wrapped around the outer surface of the short fiber strands, the filaments Part of the ambush in the short fiber whiskers.
  • the short fiber strands are natural fibers or chemical fibers.
  • the short fiber strands are wool fiber strands, and / or the filaments are nylon filaments.
  • a filament short fiber composite spinning method using a ring spinning machine the spinning method is used to form the composite yarn provided by the present invention, the spinning method includes the following steps :
  • the short fiber strands are fed from the rear roller and output from the front roller after drafting;
  • the filament After passing through the tension control device and the position control device, the filament is fed into the front roller, and the position control device drives the filament to move in the direction of the central axis of the position control device;
  • the short fiber strands and filaments passing through the front roller merge and enter the twisting and winding mechanism.
  • the drawing ratio of the filament between the tension control device and the front roller is in the range of 1 to 5.
  • the position control device is a yarn guide wheel
  • the yarn guide wheel rotates around the central axis
  • the yarn guide wheel is driven by a driving device, so that the yarn guide wheel moves along The central axis moves back and forth.
  • the driving device is a driving motor.
  • the position control device is a tank structure, and a groove is provided around the outer circumference of the tank structure.
  • the groove is a helical groove with an equal pitch, and the pitch ranges from 0 mm to 50 mm.
  • the tension control device includes a first control member and a second control member that rotate around their respective axes, and the outer peripheral surface of the first control member is close to the outer peripheral surface of the second control member fit.
  • one of the first control member and the second control member is a rubber roller, and the other of the first control member and the second control member is the other.
  • One is a stainless steel roller.
  • a ring spinning machine for producing the composite yarn provided by the present invention, including a spun yarn drafting system for transmitting short fiber strands, a filament yarn for transmitting filaments A drawing system and a front roller, the filament drafting system includes a position control device for controlling the feeding position of the filament and a tension control device for adjusting the tension of the filament, the tension control device is provided at the position Upstream of the control device, the front roller is provided downstream of the position control device.
  • the position control device has a central axis and the position control device can guide the filament to move in the direction of the central axis.
  • the spun yarn drafting system includes a rear roller and a middle roller, and the short fiber whisker is fed from the rear roller, and after passing through the middle roller, is output from the front roller.
  • the processing method of the filament staple fiber composite spinning proposed by the present invention can solve the problem of filaments in the composite yarn structure resulting from the structure where filaments and staple fiber strands are wrapped around each other in some composite spinning technologies Relative to the position of the staple fiber is relatively fixed, the produced composite yarns have the problem that the cohesion between the filament and the staple fiber is insufficient, and problems such as relative sliding between the filament and the staple fiber are likely to occur in subsequent processing.
  • Such a yarn structure can not only enhance the cohesion between filaments and staple fibers, but also improve the basic properties of yarn strength, hairiness and sliver.
  • the knitted fabric can obtain excellent pilling resistance , Can reduce the itchiness of wool, get good feel and dimensional stability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a filament staple fiber composite yarn spun by the spinning method of the present invention
  • Example 2 is a schematic diagram of the spinning process of Example 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a position control device used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Example 4 is a schematic diagram of the spinning process of Example 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a position control device used in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the drafting system of the ring spinning machine mainly includes a front roller 6, a middle roller 7 and a front roller 8.
  • the short fiber roving whisker 5 enters the drafting system from the rear roller 6 and passes through the middle roller 7 from the front roller 8 output, at the same time, the filament 1 is fed from the front roller 8.
  • the tension control device 3 and the position control device 4 Before entering the front roller 8, it passes through the godet 2, the tension control device 3 and the position control device 4 in turn, and the tension of the filament 1 and the relative to the short fiber roving whisker 5 by the tension control device 3 and the position control device 4
  • the position is precisely controlled and finally the front roller 8 is entered.
  • the twist is obtained by the action of the ring ring of the ring spinning machine, thereby forming the composite yarn 9.
  • FIG. 3 is a movable yarn guide wheel.
  • the wheel surface is provided with a smooth semicircular guide wire groove, and the filament 1 is transmitted to the front roller 8 through the guide wire groove. And precisely control the position of the filament.
  • the position control device 4 is also connected with a driving device, driving the yarn guide wheel to reciprocate left and right, thereby driving the filament 1 to move along the same trajectory.
  • the short fiber roving whisker 5 enters the drafting system from the rear roller 6, passes through the middle roller 7, and is output from the front roller 8, and at the same time, the filament 1 is fed from the front roller 8.
  • the tension control device 3 and the movement control device 10 Before entering the front roller 8, it passes through the godet 2, the tension control device 3 and the movement control device 10 in sequence, and the tension of the filament 1 and the relative tension with respect to the short fiber roving sliver 5 through the tension control device 3 and the movement control device 10 The position is precisely controlled and finally the front roller 8 is entered.
  • the twist is obtained by the action of the ring ring of the ring spinning machine, thereby forming the composite yarn 9.
  • FIG. 5 is a fixed yarn guide wheel with a reciprocating spiral groove formed on the wheel surface.
  • the filament is transmitted in the spiral groove.
  • the filaments can reciprocate at the same time, and regular position changes occur within a certain range.
  • the yarn guide wheel used for the mobile control device 10 can be made of a light-weight material with a smooth surface and high hardness, such as plastic. Through the setting of the spiral groove, the position of the filament can be changed while being transmitted without additional drive The device can also determine the change range of the filament position according to the axial length of the yarn guide wheel, so that the position control of the filament is more convenient. Further, the depth and width of the spiral groove may also be in a constantly changing state, including periodic changes and aperiodic changes.
  • the spinning process and equipment are shown in Figure 2.
  • the filament is nylon filament
  • the short fiber is wool fiber.
  • the spinning process is as follows:
  • Step 1 Feed the wool roving whisker from the rear roller of the ring spinning machine, and output it from the front roller after drafting;
  • Step 2 The nylon filament is fed from the front roller, and the filament position control device controls the feeding position of the filament at a position 3 mm away from the center of the wool roving, and the filament tension coefficient is fixed at 1.06;
  • Step 3 The nylon filament is passed through The stretched wool roving strands meet at the front roller jaws, and are twisted by the action of the ring spinning ring traveler, thus becoming a filament staple fiber composite yarn.
  • the wool nylon composite yarn made by the above process part of the nylon filament is wrapped on the surface of the yarn, and part of the nylon filament is ambushed in the yarn body, the combination of the nylon filament and the wool short fiber is enhanced,
  • the yarn has high strength, less hairiness, and evenness.
  • the wool knitted fabric can obtain excellent pilling resistance, reduce the itchiness of the wool, and obtain good feel and dimensional stability.
  • the raw material used is 100% wool fiber, and the roving count is 4 Nm.
  • the model of ring spinning machine is Zinser-451 ring spinning machine, the spindle speed is 8000r / min, the yarn count is 60Nm, the yarn twist is 18.3T / in, the filament is located 3mm away from the center of the wool fiber whisker The position of the filament tension coefficient is 1.06.
  • the performance data of the tested yarn and its single-face knitted fabric are listed in Table 1.
  • the performance data of the traditional ring-spun pure wool yarn and its single jersey knitted from the same raw material are also listed in Table 1 as comparative data.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

一种长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、设备及复合纱线（9），该设备包括：长丝张力控制装置（3），设置在前罗拉（8）之前，用于控制长丝（1）的张力；长丝位置控制装置（4），设置在前罗拉（8）和张力控制装置（3）之间，用于控制长丝（1）的位置，长丝位置控制装置（4）表面具有槽筒式沟槽，通过导轮转动，使长丝（1）获得左右往复运动，或该装置的导纱轮（2）可以往复运动，并以动态形式喂入前罗拉（8）。基于长丝张力控制和动态位置上的喂入协同效应，实现在成纱中部分长丝包缠在纱线表面，部分长丝埋伏在纱体中，形成了一种短纤长丝复合结构及复合纱线（9）。该方法和设备加工的复合纱线（9）具有长丝短纤抱合力强、纱线毛羽显著降低、强力高，其针织面料抗起毛起球性优良，羊毛刺痒感低，手感好和尺寸稳定。

Description

长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线 技术领域
本发明涉及环锭纺纱技术领域，具体涉及一种长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、相应的纺纱设备以及所制得的复合纱线。
背景技术
随着纺织材料技术的不断发展，人们对服装面料风格款式的需求也越来越多。除了采用改变纱线中纤维的组合方式、纤维的成分比例、纤维的捻合方式等手段来改变成纱的结构及特性，以达到改变、改善面料性能的目的外，各种新型的纺纱方法也层出不穷，如赛络菲尔纺、赛络纺、紧密纺、缆型纺、包芯纺、嵌入纺等，这些纺纱方法显著改善了纱线品质，极大地满足了对各种面料性能的需求。其中赛络菲尔纺、嵌入纺、包芯纺等纺纱方法涉及到短纤维和长丝纤维，属于长丝短纤维复合纺纱范畴。
目前大部分长丝短纤维复合纺纱的方法是在环锭细纱机上，一组粗纱从牵伸机构的后罗拉喂入，长丝从牵伸机构的前罗拉喂入，经牵伸机构牵伸后的短纤维须条与长丝一起从前罗拉夹持点输出，在钢丝圈的回转作用，加捻合成复合纱，使纱线兼备了长丝与短纤维的一些特性，从而改善传统纱线的不足。赛络菲尔纺是将一根长丝与一根粗纱须条以一定隔距喂入，实现长丝与短纤维须条之间相互包缠成纱；包芯纱是将一根长丝从一根或两根粗纱须条中间喂入，实现短纤维以长丝为芯包缠在外的复合纱线结构；嵌入纺是将两根长丝以一定间距喂入前罗拉，将两根短纤维粗纱分别以一定间距左右对称地喂入前罗拉，形成一侧的长丝与该侧短纤维须条先预包缠，然后再与另一侧预包缠后的复合纱线须条进行汇合加捻，形成结构更加复杂的复合纱线。
但是，上述复合纺纱方法要求长丝与短纤维须条的位置相对固定不变，所得到的复合纱线结构中长丝相对于短纤维的位置相对固定，长丝或者是完全包覆在短纤维的外侧，或者是完全处于短纤维纱的中心位置，所生产的复合纱线都存在长丝与短纤维之间抱合力不够的缺陷，在后续加工中容易出现长丝与短纤维之间相对滑动，不但影响织造效率，而且对纱线和面料质量和性能都会产生一定的影响。
如专利公布号CN 107190391A《长丝束变张力自然汇聚耦合包缠渐变纺纱机构与方法 及用途》介绍了一种纺纱机构，由一个可精准调节长丝束张力、可使长丝束与短纤须条的自然汇聚点发生左右、上下移动的张力控制器，具有定位与展开功能的集束器，以及张力调控机构构成，该方法可生产出周期或变周期颜色、表观纤维组份外观形态和力学性质渐变的耦合渐变复合纱。专利公布号CN 102787411B《一种前置式左右变位超喂复合纺纱装置、工艺及应用》介绍了一种能够实现长丝或纱线以来回变化的角度和超喂量对短纤维实施包缠的复合纺纱装置，通过调节变位导纱钩的位置可以实现长丝或纱线以不同的角度与短纤维须条包缠，而形成不同效果和性能的超喂复合纱。专利公布号CN 107043969A《一种型膜丝化的环锭复合纺纱方法》介绍了一种型膜丝化的环锭复合纺纱方法，该方法在环锭细纱机的每一个牵伸机构上方设置膜切割牵伸装置，置膜切割装置的耐割圈与切割辊之间形成切割区，切割形成带状复丝，将型膜进行丝化，复丝依次经第一、第二牵伸区进行牵伸，增加复丝中丝条强度，细化丝条获得纳微丝；纳微丝与常规短纤须条经前罗拉钳口汇合并输出，加捻形成内部呈纳微丝与短纤充分混合抱捻、外层呈纳微丝外露包缠的复合纱，该复合纺纱时长丝、纳米纤维与常规短纤维均匀混合、充分抱合加捻。
为了解决长丝和短纤维间相对滑动的问题，专利公布号CN 102677248 B《一种受迫内外转移式长丝复合环锭纺纱方法》介绍了一种短纤维粗纱和长丝的环锭复合纺纱方法，该方法在通过两根短纤维粗纱的相对移动和长丝的往复运动，增加长丝和短纤维间的内外转移，从而实现相互间抱合作用的增强，但是该方法采用了两根短纤维粗纱，成本高，装置复杂，同时短纤维粗纱在牵伸过程中不断移动会降低纱线的品质。而本发明给出的环锭复合纺纱技术采取的是一根短纤维粗纱，其位置在纺纱过程中保持不变，通过对长丝位置的移动和其本身张力的精确控制，来调节长丝在纱体中的位置以及长丝在表面纱线的比例，实现了复合纱线中长丝部分包缠在纱体表面，部分埋伏在纱体中的交叉结构，从而得到增强了长丝和短纤维之间的抱合作用。同时，还可通过调节长丝在表面纱线的比例来提高纱线的表面和物理性能，如纱线毛羽。该方法所制成的纱线和面料有强力高、毛羽少、条干均匀、耐磨性好、耐起毛起球，毛纺面料的刺痒感低，尺寸稳定性好等优点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于环锭细纱机的长丝短纤维复合纺纱的加工方法和设备，用以改善纱线的结构，提高长丝与短纤维之间的抱合力，提高长丝短纤维复合纱线性能以及所制成面料的性能。
本发明提出的一种长丝短纤维复合纺纱的加工方法，其具体加工过程为：将短纤维粗 纱须条从环锭细纱机的后罗拉喂入，经牵伸后从前罗拉输出；长丝从前罗拉的任意位置喂入,经过张力控制装置以及位置控制装置和移动控制装置，长丝与经过牵伸的纤维须条在前罗拉钳口处汇合，通过环锭细纱机钢丝圈的作用获得捻度，从而形成部分长丝包缠于纱体表面、部分长丝位于纱体中的特殊结构长丝短纤复合纱线。
优选地，所述短纤维可以是天然纤维，也可以是化学纤维，特别适用于毛及毛混纺纤维，用于生产高支光洁功能纱线；
优选地，所述长丝可以单丝，也可以是复丝，长丝的细度按纱支和产品要求而定；
优选地，所述长丝部分包缠在纱体表面，部分埋伏在纱体中；
优选地，所述长丝在喂入中罗拉和前罗拉之间是可以固定不动的，在长丝喂入前罗拉之前，还包括了张力控制装置以及位置控制装置和移动控制装置，用来精确控制长丝喂入时的张力和相对应的位置；
优选地，所述长丝在喂入中前罗拉之间是可以不断移动的，在长丝喂入前罗拉之前，还包括了移动控制装置，可以控制长丝在一定范围内进行规律性的移动，纺纱中长丝喂入位置的往复移动可通过导纱轮的转动和表面往复运动沟槽实现，也可以通过驱动装置驱使导纱轮左右往复运动实现；
优选地，所述长丝移动的范围为0到32mm；
相应地，本发明还提供一种用于环锭细纱机的长丝短纤维复合纺纱的加工设备，该设备包括：张力控制装置，设置在前罗拉之前，用于控制长丝喂入时的张力；长丝位置控制装置和移动控制装置，设置在前罗拉和张力控制装置之间，用于控制长丝喂入时的位置。通过该装置，可实现长丝喂入时左右往复运动。该装置的可转动导纱轮表面具有往复运动沟槽或导纱轮本身可以左右往复运动。其特征在于，一种用于环锭细纱机的长丝短纤维复合纺纱的加工设备，其特征在于，包括前罗拉，中罗拉，后罗拉，其中，将短纤维粗纱须条从环锭细纱机的后罗拉喂入，经牵伸后从前罗拉输出；长丝从前罗拉的任意位置喂入；长丝与经过牵伸的纤维须条在前罗拉钳口处汇合，通过环锭细纱机钢丝圈的作用获得捻度，从而成为复合纱线。
优选地，还包括安装前罗拉之前的张力控制装置，用来控制长丝喂入时的张力；所述的张力控制装置是由一个光滑的圆柱体和一个圆柱体的胶辊构成，可以对长丝的一端进行握持的作用。
优选地，还包括安装前罗拉和张力控制装置之间的位置控制装置，用来控制和调节长丝喂入时的位置，这时，长丝的位置是固定不动的；
优选地，还包括安装前罗拉和张力控制装置之间的移动控制装置，用来控制长丝喂入时的位置，这时，长丝的位置是不断移动的；
所述的移动控制装置有宽度不同的斜槽，一种螺旋式的往复性沟槽，其沟槽的宽度和深度都是不断变化，沟槽的材料为塑料，质量轻，硬度较高，表面光滑，长丝从沟槽中经过，长丝和沟槽之间的摩擦接触力可使沟槽发生圆周性转动，这样长丝就会沿螺旋式的往复沟槽在一定范围内进行发生规律性的位置变化，沟槽沿其轴向的长度就是长丝位置的变化范围。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种复合纱线，所述复合纱线包括长丝和短纤维须条，所述长丝部分包缠在所述短纤维须条外表面，所述长丝的一部分埋伏在所述短纤维须条中。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述短纤维须条为天然纤维或者化学纤维。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述短纤维须条为羊毛纤维须条，以及/或者所述长丝为尼龙长丝。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法，采用环锭细纱机，所述纺纱方法用于形成本发明提供的复合纱线，所述纺纱方法包括以下步骤：
短纤维须条由后罗拉喂入，经牵伸后从前罗拉输出；
长丝经过张力控制装置和位置控制装置后，喂入前罗拉，所述位置控制装置驱动所述长丝沿所述位置控制装置的中心轴线方向移动；
经过前罗拉的短纤维须条与长丝汇合并进入加捻卷绕机构。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述长丝在所述张力控制装置和所述前罗拉之间的牵伸比范围为1到5。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述位置控制装置为导纱轮，所述导纱轮绕所述中心轴线转动，所述导纱轮由驱动装置驱动，以使所述导纱轮沿所述中心轴线方向往复移动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述驱动装置为驱动马达。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述位置控制装置为槽筒结构，环绕该槽筒结构的外周设置有凹槽。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述凹槽为等螺距的螺旋槽，所述螺距范围为0mm到50mm。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述张力控制装置包括绕各自轴线转动的第一控制件和第二控制件，所述第一控制件的外周面与所述第二控制件的外周面紧密贴合。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述第一控制件以及所述第二控制件两者中的一者为胶辊，所述第一控制件以及所述第二控制件两者中的另一者为不锈钢辊。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种环锭细纱机，用于生产本发明提供的复合纱线，包括用于传输短纤维须条的细纱牵伸系统、用于传输长丝的长丝牵伸系统以及前罗拉，所述长丝牵伸系统包括用于控制长丝的喂入位置的位置控制装置和用于调节长丝的张力的张力控制装置，所述张力控制装置设置于所述位置控制装置的上游，所述前罗拉设置于所述位置控制装置的下游，所述位置控制装置具有中心轴线且该位置控制装置能够引导长丝沿中心轴线方向移动。
根据本发明的一实施方式，其中所述细纱牵伸系统包括后罗拉和中罗拉，短纤维须条由所述后罗拉喂入，经过所述中罗拉后，由所述前罗拉输出。
本发明提出的长丝短纤维复合纺纱的加工方法，能够解决一些复合纺纱技术中由于长丝与短纤维须条相互包缠的结构，而导致的所得到的复合纱线结构中长丝相对于短纤维的位置相对固定，所生产的复合纱线都存在长丝与短纤维之间抱合力不够，在后续加工中容易出现长丝与短纤维之间相对滑动等问题。这样的纱线结构不仅能够增强长丝和短纤维之间的抱合作用，同时也可以改善纱线强力，毛羽和条干等基本性能，所制成的针织面料可获得优良的耐起毛起球性，可降低羊毛的刺痒感，获得良好的手感和尺寸稳定性。下面结合附图与具体实例对本发明的方案进行说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明的纺纱方法所纺得的长丝短纤维复合纱的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例1的纺纱流程示意图；
图3是用于本发明实施例1的位置控制装置的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例2的纺纱流程示意图；
图5是用于本发明实施例2的位置控制装置的结构示意图；
其中，附图标记说明如下：
1、长丝；                2、导丝轮；
3、张力控制装置；        4、位置控制装置；
5、短纤维粗纱须条；      6、后罗拉；
7、中罗拉；              8、前罗拉；
9、复合纱线；             10、移动控制装置。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行详细说明，以使本发明的特征和优点更清楚。但应该指出，实施例仅用于理解本发明的构思，本发明的范围并不仅仅局限于本文中所列出的实施例。
实施例1
如图2所示，环锭细纱机的牵伸系统主要包括前罗拉6、中罗拉7和前罗拉8，短纤维粗纱须条5从后罗拉6进入牵伸系统，经过中罗拉7，从前罗拉8输出，同时，长丝1从前罗拉8喂入。在进入前罗拉8前，依次经过导丝轮2、张力控制装置3和位置控制装置4，通过张力控制装置3和位置控制装置4对长丝1的张力和相对于短纤维粗纱须条5的位置进行精确的控制，最后进入前罗拉8。长丝1和短纤维粗纱须条5从前罗拉8的钳口输出时，通过环锭细纱机钢丝圈的作用获得捻度，从而形成复合纱线9。
其中，位置控制装置4的结构如图3所示，为一可移动的导纱轮，轮面设置有光滑的半圆形的导丝槽，长丝1通过导丝槽向前罗拉8传输，并精确控制长丝的位置。同时，位置控制装置4还连接有一驱动装置，驱动导纱轮呈左右往复运动，由此带动长丝1呈相同轨迹的运动。
实施例2
如图4所示，短纤维粗纱须条5从后罗拉6进入牵伸系统，经过中罗拉7，从前罗拉8输出，同时，长丝1从前罗拉8喂入。在进入前罗拉8前，依次经过导丝轮2、张力控制装置3和移动控制装置10，通过张力控制装置3和移动控制装置10对长丝1的张力和相对于短纤维粗纱须条5的位置进行精确的控制，最后进入前罗拉8。长丝1和短纤维粗纱须条5从前罗拉8的钳口输出时，通过环锭细纱机钢丝圈的作用获得捻度，从而形成复合纱线9。
其中，移动控制装置10的结构如图5所示，为一固定的导纱轮，轮面形成有往复的螺旋沟槽，长丝在螺旋沟槽中传输，同时，由于螺旋沟槽的引导，长丝可同时往复运动，在一定范围内发生规律性的位置变化。
用于移动控制装置10的导纱轮可以采用质地轻便、表面光滑、硬度较高的材质，如 塑料，通过螺旋沟槽的设置，可使长丝在传输的同时产生位置变化，无需额外的驱动装置，而且，还可根据导纱轮轴向的长度来确定长丝位置的变化范围，从而使长丝的位置控制更加简便。进一步地，螺旋沟槽的深度和宽度也可呈不断变化的状态，包括周期性的变化和非周期性变化。
实施例3
纺纱流程和设备如图2所示。长丝为尼龙长丝，短纤维选用羊毛纤维，纺纱过程如下：
步骤1：将羊毛粗纱须条从环锭细纱机的后罗拉喂入，经牵伸后从前罗拉输出；
步骤2：尼龙长丝从前罗拉喂入，长丝位置控制装置将长丝的喂入位置控制在距羊毛粗纱中心3mm的位置，长丝张力系数固定为1.06；步骤3：尼龙长丝与经过牵伸的羊毛粗纱须条在前罗拉钳口处汇合，通过环锭细纱机钢丝圈的作用获得捻度，从而成为长丝短纤复合纱线。
如图1所示，经上述过程制成的羊毛尼龙复合纱线中部分尼龙长丝包缠在纱线表面，部分尼龙长丝埋伏在纱体中，尼龙长丝和羊毛短纤维的结合增强，纱线强力高、毛羽少、条干均匀，所制成的羊毛针织面料可获得优良的耐起毛起球性，可降低羊毛的刺痒感，获得良好的手感和尺寸稳定性。
应用例
采用实施例3的纺纱方法，所用的原材料为100％羊毛纤维，粗纱支数为4Nm。环锭纺细纱机的型号为Zinser-451型环锭细纱机，锭子转速为8000r/min，纱线支数为60Nm，纱线捻度为18.3T/in，长丝位于距羊毛纤维须条中心3mm的位置，长丝张力系数为1.06。
所得的羊毛复合纱线在标准实验室(20±2℃和65±2％RH)条件下放置至少24小时后，测试的纱线和其单面针织物性能数据列在表1中。同时，为了对比本发明纺纱方法的效果，用同一原材料纺制传统环锭纺的纯羊毛纱线及其单面针织物的性能数据也列在了表1中，作为对比数据。
表1
Figure PCTCN2018115625-appb-000001
除非特别限定，本发明所用术语均为本领域技术人员通常理解的含义。
本发明所描述的实施方式仅出于示例性目的，并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，本领域技术人员可在本发明的范围内作出各种其他替换、改变和改进，因而，本发明不限于上述实施方式，而仅由权利要求限定。
虽然已参照几个典型实施例描述了本发明，但应当理解，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于本发明能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离发明的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施例不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法，采用环锭细纱机，其特征在于，将短纤维的粗纱须条从所述环锭细纱机的后罗拉喂入，长丝从前罗拉喂入，所述长丝与经过牵伸的所述粗纱须条在前罗拉钳口处汇合，通过控制所述长丝的张力和相对于所述粗纱须条的位置形成部分长丝包缠在纱线表面，部分长丝埋伏在纱体中的新型纱线结构；所述长丝张力的调节和位置的变化是通过张力控制装置以及位置控制装置和移动控制装置来实现的；在成纱过程中，长丝的张力和相对于所述粗纱须条的位置共同决定了长丝在最终纱线中的位置，两者相互关联；通常，当长丝的张力小和长丝位于或靠近粗纱须条的中心位置时，长丝趋向于分布于纱体中；与之相反，长丝则趋向于包缠在纱线表面；对所述长丝的张力和位置变化进行协同控制时，不同所述长丝的张力和位置的变化实现了在成纱中所述长丝在所述短纤纱体中的内外转移，由此来使得所述长丝在成纱中相对于所述短纤维须条位置的不断变化，从而形成部分所述长丝包缠于所述短纤维纱体表面、部分所述长丝位于所述短纤维纱体之中的复合纱线；所述长丝的不同张力是通过张力控制装置调节长丝的牵伸比而实现的，在成纱过程中，当所述长丝的牵伸比越高，所述长丝的位置离所述粗纱须条越近时，所述长丝被包在所述短纤维纱体之中的比例越大，内外转移率越小；反之，所述长丝包缠于所述短纤维纱体的表面的比例较大，内外转移率较大。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法，其特征在于，所述长丝部分包缠在纱体表面，部分埋伏在纱体中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法，其特征在于，所述长丝的牵伸比的范围为1到5。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法，其特征在于，所述长丝相对于所述粗纱须条的位置是固定不变的，通过较高的长丝牵伸比和调整所述长丝与所述粗纱须条中心位置，引起成纱过程中所述长丝与所述粗纱须条重心的相互转移，从而引起所述长丝在所述短纤纱体中发生预定程度的内外转移。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法，其特征在于，所述长丝相对于所述粗纱须条的位置是呈周期性或非周期性的左右往复运动，可移动范围是距所述粗纱须条中心为0到32mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法，其特征在于，所述长丝为单丝或复丝；所述短纤维为天然纤维或化学纤维，优选为毛或毛混纺纤维。
  7. 一种长丝短纤维复合纺纱设备，为环锭细纱机，包括长丝张力控制装置，设置在前罗拉之前，用于控制长丝喂入时的张力；长丝位置控制和移动控制装置，设置在前罗拉和张力控制装置之间，用于控制长丝喂入时的位置；通过该装置，可实现长丝喂入时左右往复运动；该装置的可转动导纱轮表面具有往复运动沟槽或导纱轮本身可以左右往复运动，以及后罗拉、中罗拉和前罗拉；其特征在于，于长丝的输送线路上，在喂入前罗拉之前要同时经过张力控制装置和位置控制装置或者移动控制装置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱设备，其特征在于，所述张力控制装置由一个可调节转速的圆柱体和胶辊构成，圆柱体的材料为不锈钢，表面光滑，所述圆柱体和所述胶辊之间紧密接触，起到了对长丝的握持作用，同时，所述圆柱体的转动速度可调，从而带动胶辊做相对运动，改变了张力控制装置的转速以及和前罗拉之间的转速比，使得长丝在预定张力下喂入前罗拉。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱设备，其特征在于，所述位置控制装置用来控制和调节长丝喂入时的位置，长丝的位置是固定不动的，或者由驱动装置驱动所述位置控制装置运动，从而带动长丝相对所述位置控制装置做往复运动。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱设备，其特征在于，所述移动控制装置为固定的导纱轮，其轮面形成有往复的螺旋沟槽，长丝在所述螺旋沟槽中传输同时往复运动。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的长丝短纤维复合纺纱设备，其特征在于，所述螺旋沟槽是一种螺旋式的往复性沟槽，其沟槽具有预定的宽度和深度，准确控制长丝移动，长丝和沟槽之间的摩擦接触力可使螺旋沟槽圆周性转动，这样长丝就会沿螺旋式的往复沟槽在预定范围内进行规律性的左右往复运动，所述螺旋沟槽沿其轴向的长度就是长丝位置的变化范围。
  12. 一种长丝短纤维复合纱线，其特征在于，由权利要求1-6中任一项所述的复合纺纱方法制得。
PCT/CN2018/115625 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线 WO2020097849A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2018/115625 WO2020097849A1 (zh) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2018/115625 WO2020097849A1 (zh) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020097849A1 true WO2020097849A1 (zh) 2020-05-22

Family

ID=70731276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/115625 WO2020097849A1 (zh) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2020097849A1 (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946548A (en) * 1973-03-02 1976-03-30 Teijin Limited Bulky multifilament yarn and process for manufacturing the same
CN101736469A (zh) * 2010-01-14 2010-06-16 西南大学 一种长短纤维复合结构纱线的制作方法
CN101775679A (zh) * 2010-01-14 2010-07-14 重庆三峡技术纺织有限公司 一种长丝短纤维复合纱线
CN102071503A (zh) * 2011-03-04 2011-05-25 上海市毛麻纺织科学技术研究所 长丝短纤复合纺纱用的长丝张力控制装置
CN106757630A (zh) * 2017-03-21 2017-05-31 江南大学 一种棉/不锈钢复合纱及其生产方法
CN107190391A (zh) * 2017-05-23 2017-09-22 东华大学 长丝束变张力自然汇聚耦合包缠渐变纺纱机构与方法及用途

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946548A (en) * 1973-03-02 1976-03-30 Teijin Limited Bulky multifilament yarn and process for manufacturing the same
CN101736469A (zh) * 2010-01-14 2010-06-16 西南大学 一种长短纤维复合结构纱线的制作方法
CN101775679A (zh) * 2010-01-14 2010-07-14 重庆三峡技术纺织有限公司 一种长丝短纤维复合纱线
CN102071503A (zh) * 2011-03-04 2011-05-25 上海市毛麻纺织科学技术研究所 长丝短纤复合纺纱用的长丝张力控制装置
CN106757630A (zh) * 2017-03-21 2017-05-31 江南大学 一种棉/不锈钢复合纱及其生产方法
CN107190391A (zh) * 2017-05-23 2017-09-22 东华大学 长丝束变张力自然汇聚耦合包缠渐变纺纱机构与方法及用途

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1143986A (zh) 包芯纱
CN109735983B (zh) 三通道交变牵伸缠捻包覆环锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN107059194B (zh) 一种前置移动耦合包缠的渐变色纺纱机构与方法及用途
CN107190390B (zh) 前置定汇聚角包缠s/s耦合渐变结构纺纱机构与方法及用途
CN109735981B (zh) 四通道空心锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN109750401B (zh) 四通道交变牵伸缠捻包覆环锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN109735976B (zh) 七通道交变牵伸缠捻包覆环锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN111893611A (zh) 一种一步法精准控股的股线生产装置及纺纱方法
WO2020097849A1 (zh) 长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线
CN102817135A (zh) 一种适于环锭纺的超喂复合纺纱装置与工艺
CN102358971A (zh) 非等汇集点羊绒高覆盖率的三轴系复合纺纱工艺
CN111188109A (zh) 长丝短纤维复合纺纱方法、纺纱设备及复合纱线
CN212505231U (zh) 一种一步法精准控股的股线生产装置
TWM627719U (zh) Tpee花式撚合複合加工紗之加工設備
CN109825915B (zh) 五通道交变牵伸缠捻包覆环锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN109811442B (zh) 六通道交变牵伸缠捻包覆环锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN211814794U (zh) 一种合股线牵伸还原装置以及使用其的纱线绕卷成型机
CN109763221B (zh) 五通道空心锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN109750402B (zh) 六通道空心锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN112877830A (zh) 细纱机上横动调控纤维成纱结构的纺纱方法及装置和纱线
CN113638099A (zh) 一种包缠结构竹节纱的纺制方法及纺纱装置及竹节纱
CN107190389B (zh) 等半径轨道式耦合渐变色低弹差结构纺纱机构、方法及用途
KR102440100B1 (ko) 하이브리드 소모방 방적사 제조장치 및 그에 따라 제조된 하이브리드 사이로스펀 방적사
CN109825917B (zh) 三通道空心锭花式纱线成型装置及方法
CN109735982A (zh) 双通道交变牵伸缠捻包覆环锭花式纱线成型装置及方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18940432

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18940432

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1