WO2020094984A1 - Cooling assembly, in particular for a vehicle battery - Google Patents

Cooling assembly, in particular for a vehicle battery Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020094984A1
WO2020094984A1 PCT/FR2019/052636 FR2019052636W WO2020094984A1 WO 2020094984 A1 WO2020094984 A1 WO 2020094984A1 FR 2019052636 W FR2019052636 W FR 2019052636W WO 2020094984 A1 WO2020094984 A1 WO 2020094984A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
common
cooling
channel
inlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2019/052636
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Fethy DJALLAL
Marc HERRY
Thibaut PERRIN
Mohamed Ibrahimi
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Publication of WO2020094984A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020094984A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing and at least one electrical energy storage cell received in the housing.
  • the invention also relates to a compartment for an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle.
  • each module includes a plurality of electrical energy storage cells received in a housing. It is thus easier to combine electric batteries to obtain a desired charge capacity. It is also easier, in this way, to mount the battery on the motor vehicle, the storage cells being protected by the housing.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a cooling assembly for a device capable of generating heat during its operation, in particular an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle, this assembly being in particular designed to receive storage cells for electrical energy, this set comprising:
  • a housing arranged to receive in particular battery cells, placed in this housing, a plurality of elements for cooling the battery cells, each element having an internal channel for circulation of coolant, these cooling elements being arranged along at least two rows associated in particular with two rows of battery cells,
  • a coolant distribution member arranged to convey fluid to these cooling elements and evacuate fluid after its circulation in these cooling elements, this member being common to the two rows of cooling elements, this distribution member being arranged between the two rows of cooling elements and being further arranged to be placed at least partially in particular between the two rows of battery cells.
  • the invention is particularly well suited to the context of cooling electric batteries for any type of application having a housing containing all of the electric batteries.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the integration of heat exchangers face to face, to a fluid distribution network located between the battery modules.
  • the invention makes it possible in particular to take advantage of the vacant space between modules.
  • the exchangers present in the battery pack are linked to the distribution network mechanically. In known applications, this is a quick-connect or screw-type connection, and the distribution network is independent of the structure of the housing. Flexible connections are required between the exchangers and the distribution system.
  • the housing is for example of composite material, with a sheet of composite material, and integrates the distribution / routing function of cooling fluid in the central vacant space between the battery modules.
  • the fluid distribution member comprises a common fluid inlet channel for distributing the fluid in the cooling elements, and a common fluid outlet channel arranged to evacuate the fluid having circulated in the cooling elements.
  • these incoming and outgoing channels extend in parallel with one another.
  • At least one of these common channels are formed between a shell and a bottom wall of the housing, the shell being fixed to the bottom wall. so as to form these two channels.
  • the hull has one or more partition walls arranged to separate the common inlet channel and the common outlet channel.
  • the shell has a slender shape, in particular parallel to the two rows of cooling elements.
  • the shell is formed by a single piece, in particular by forming, in particular by molding, thermoforming, injection, machining or 3D printing.
  • the shell is made of materials such as plastic, composite, metal.
  • the shell is at least 5 times longer than high, in particular at least 10 times longer than high (the length being measured in the direction of the rows of cooling elements and the height measured perpendicular to the plane in which the cooling elements extend).
  • the height of this shell is between 2 mm and 4 mm.
  • the cooling fluid distribution member comprises, for each cooling element, a fluid inlet orifice and a fluid outlet orifice arranged to convey and evacuate this cooling element.
  • the inlet and outlet orifices are preferably spaced apart along the hull.
  • the coolant distribution member has a general fluid inlet and a general fluid outlet.
  • the fluid inlet and outlet ports are formed on a top of the hull, namely at a point highest relative to the bottom wall.
  • the shell has a shape of two U side by side, each U corresponding to one of the common input and output channels.
  • the inlet openings are formed on a top of the U, and the outlet openings on the top of the other U.
  • each cooling element has a fluid connection region which has a step.
  • this step forms less than 50% of the area of the cooling element, in particular less than 20% or even 15%.
  • the step is at one end of this cooling element.
  • each cooling element comprises a main cooling face arranged to be brought into contact with one or more battery cells, the main face which is supported on the bottom wall, and the connection region extends this main face, and the step having an end remote from the main face and is arranged to connect to one of the inlet orifices and one of the outlet orifices of the collective distribution member.
  • cooling fluid is arranged to circulate first in the connection region, therefore the step, then in the main face, then in the connection region for its evacuation to the collective distribution member.
  • the step is formed by folding plates.
  • the end of the step bears on the top of the collective distribution member, and thus partially covers this top.
  • the end of the step comprises an inlet orifice and an outlet orifice arranged to be placed in communication with the respective orifices of the dispensing member.
  • the inlet and outlet openings of the cooling element each comprise a fluid connection tube which is arranged to be inserted into the associated opening on the dispensing member. collective.
  • this tubing comprises at least one seal, in particular several, arranged to ensure the seal between the tubing and the associated orifice on the dispensing member, which in particular comprises a support skirt.
  • the insertion of the tubing into the associated orifice is done by pressing in the direction of the height of the dispensing member.
  • the fluid distribution member comprises:
  • the branches are arranged relative to the central body in the manner of fish orders.
  • each branch has at one end opposite the central body to which it is connected a fluid inlet or outlet.
  • each cooling element is connected to the two adjacent branches, one for conveying the fluid and the other for evacuating it after circulation in the cooling element.
  • the central body and the branches are formed in one piece.
  • the central body has an internal partition to separate the common inlet channel and the common outlet channel.
  • one of the common channels, in the central body surrounds the other of the common channels, the channel which surrounds the other has a bend at one of the ends so as to have a U shape, the other common channel having an I shape in the central body.
  • the fluid path in the central body a path which is connected to one of the branches, passes above the partition which separates the common inlet and outlet channels, to reach the I-shaped channel surrounded by the U-shaped channel. This results in a projection of the branch on the top of the central body to form this path of fluid which spans the partition.
  • each branch has a recess on which the orifice is formed and the plate of the cooling element bears on this recess.
  • each cooling element is formed by the assembly of two plates defining between them at least the fluid channel.
  • all the cooling elements associated with a row are identical to each other.
  • the cooling elements are placed on the bottom wall.
  • the distribution member can be closed around its periphery to define the common channels so that it is not necessary to involve the bottom wall to make the common channels.
  • the periphery of the common channel or channels are formed by the same part and not by the assembly of two parts as in the example described above with the bottom wall.
  • the dispensing member is connected to an external cooling circuit to cool the fluid which circulates therein.
  • connection between the exchanger and the distribution channel is made without additional fixing system (flexible connectors, screwing, quick- connect ).
  • additional fixing system flexible connectors, screwing, quick- connect
  • the shell which somehow forms a half-channel, in the form of a molded or injected plastic part is closed by the base plate or the bottom.
  • the closure is carried out by mirror welding or gluing.
  • the base plate has no particular interface.
  • the exchangers or cooling elements have a complex shape because they require a curvature, or folding, and an offset of the inputs / outputs to allow the vertical junction with the distribution system.
  • the seal may be single or double, it is provided by radial compression of one (or two) joint (s) when a skirt penetrates sufficiently into the housing. This is possible when screwing the battery modules onto the cross members. Screwing down allows the battery modules to be lowered to a certain “Z” angle. As a result, the exchanger follows the same movement and the compression of the seal is ensured. There is therefore no holding system or quick-connect or screwing type connection.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a first example of an electrical energy storage device 10 for a motor vehicle.
  • the motor vehicle can in particular be a car, a truck, a bus.
  • the electrical energy storage device 10 comprises a casing 12, or casing in English, and cells 14 for storing electrical energy.
  • the cells 14 are for example electrically connected in series.
  • the cells 14 can form modules and the device 10 comprises two rows 9 of battery modules.
  • the housing 12 is formed, as is more visible in FIG. 1, of a lower compartment 16 and of a cover 18 intended to close the housing 12 to protect the cells 14.
  • the cover 18 covers a housing 20 defined by part 16.
  • the compartment 16 has the shape of a bowl, with a bottom wall 26, side walls 28 forming a frame, crosspieces 29 for mounting the modules 9, and a lower cover 30 placed under the bottom wall 26.
  • the frame 28 has a structural function and protection against shocks.
  • the lower cover 30 serves as impact protection.
  • the compartment 16 which is arranged to receive the electrical energy storage cells comprises:
  • the bottom wall 26 the bottom wall comprising a composite material, side walls 28 being placed on the bottom wall 26.
  • FIG. 1 shows in particular a cooling assembly 50 for the device 10 capable of generating heat during its operation, this assembly comprising:
  • each element 51 comprising an internal cooling fluid circulation channel, these cooling elements 51 being arranged in at least two rows 52 associated in particular with two rows of battery cells 9,
  • a coolant distribution member 55 arranged to convey fluid to these cooling elements and evacuate fluid after its circulation in these cooling elements, this member 55 being common to the two rows 52 of cooling elements, this member distribution 55 being arranged between the two rows 52 of cooling elements 51 and being further arranged to be placed at least partially in particular between the two rows of battery cells.
  • the fluid distribution member 55 has a common inlet channel 60 for fluid to distribute the fluid in the cooling elements, and a common outlet channel 61 for fluid arranged to evacuate the fluid having circulated in the cooling elements 51 .
  • inlet channels 60 and outlet channels 61 extend parallel to each other.
  • the two common channels 60 and 61 are formed between a shell 63 and the bottom wall 26 of the housing, the shell 63 being fixed to the bottom wall 63 for example by welding so as to form these two channels. 60 and 61.
  • the shell 63 has several partition walls 66 arranged to separate the common inlet channel 60 and the common outlet channel 61.
  • the shell 63 has a slender shape, parallel to the two rows 9 of cooling elements.
  • the shell 63 is formed by a single piece, in particular by forming.
  • the shell 63 is made of plastic, composite or metal.
  • the shell 63 is at least 5 times longer than high, in particular at least 10 times longer than high (the length being measured in the direction of the rows of cooling elements and the height measured perpendicular to the plane in which the cooling elements).
  • This shell 63 is between 2 mm and 40 mm.
  • the coolant distribution member 55 comprises, for each cooling element 51, an inlet port 66 for fluid and an outlet port 67 for fluid arranged to convey and discharge fluid from this cooling element 51, as illustrated in figure 4.
  • the inlet and outlet openings 66 and 67 are spaced along the shell 63.
  • the coolant distribution member 55 has a general fluid inlet and a general fluid outlet, not shown, for example at one end of the common channels 60 and 61.
  • the fluid inlet and outlet openings 66 and 67 are formed on a top of the shell 63, namely at a point highest relative to the bottom wall 26.
  • the shell 63 has a shape of two U side by side, each U, of reference 69, corresponding to one of the common input and output channels 60 and 61.
  • the inlet ports 66 are formed on a top of the U, and the outlet ports 67 on the top of the other U.
  • Each cooling element 51 comprises a connection region 70 of fluid which has a step 71.
  • This step 71 forms less than 50% of the area of the cooling element 51, in particular less than 20% or even 15%.
  • the step 71 is at one end 72 of this cooling element 51.
  • Each cooling element 51 has a main cooling face 74 arranged to be brought into contact with one or more battery cells, main face 74 which is supported on the bottom wall 26, and the connection region 70 extends this main face 74, and the step 71 having one end 77 remote from the main face 74 and is arranged to connect to one inlet orifices 66 and one of the outlet orifices 67 of the collective distribution member 55.
  • the cooling fluid is arranged to circulate first in the connection region, therefore the step 71, then in the main face 74, then in the connection region 77 for its evacuation to the collective distribution member.
  • the step 71 is formed by folding plates.
  • the end of the step 77 bears on one of the vertices 80 of the collective distribution member 55, and thus partially covers this summit.
  • the end 77 of the step 71 has an inlet orifice 82 and an outlet orifice 83 arranged to be placed in communication with the respective orifices 66; 67 of the dispensing member, as visible in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the inlet 82 and outlet 83 ports of the cooling element 51 each have a fluid connection piece 88 which is arranged to be inserted into the orifice 66; 67 associated on the collective distribution member 55.
  • One or more annular seals 89 are provided on each tube 88, to ensure the seal between the tube and the associated orifice on the dispensing member 55, which in particular comprises a retaining skirt 89 to cooperate with each tube 88.
  • the insertion of the tubing 88 into the associated hole 66; 67 is done by pressing in the direction Z of the height of the dispensing member 55.
  • the invention saves space along the Z axis, the cooling elements being folded to save space.
  • the exchanger is pre-positioned by the pipes in the housings provided in the base plate 26.
  • the inlet / outlet pipes are pre-positioned in the base plate 26 before being in the final position after screwing the battery modules to the cross members 28.
  • the fluid distribution member 100 comprises:
  • a central body 101 providing common inlet channels 102 for fluid and outlet 103 for fluid
  • the branches 105 are arranged relative to the central body 101 in the manner of fish orders.
  • Each branch 105 has at one end 108 opposite the central body 101 to which it is connected an inlet port 112 or outlet 113 for fluid.
  • Each cooling element 151 is connected to the two adjacent branches 105, one for conveying the fluid and the other for evacuating it after circulation in the cooling element 151.
  • the central body 101 and the branches 105 are formed in one piece.
  • the central body 101 has an internal partition 120 for separating the common inlet channel 102 and the common outlet channel 103.
  • the fluid path in the central body 101 a path which is connected to one of the branches 105, passes above the partition 120 which separates the common inlet and outlet channels 102 and 103, to join the shaped channel 102 of I surrounded by channel 103 U-shaped. This results in a projection 125 of the branch on the top of the central body to form this path of fluid which spans the partition.
  • Each branch 105 has a recess 129 on which the orifice 112, 113 is formed and the plate of the cooling element 151 comes to bear on this recess 129.
  • Each cooling element 151 is formed by the assembly of two plates 153 and 154 defining between them at least the fluid channel.
  • All the cooling elements associated with a row are identical to each other.
  • the cooling elements are placed on the bottom wall 26.
  • the distribution member can be closed on its periphery to define the common channels so that it is not necessary to involve the bottom wall to make the common channels.
  • the periphery of the common channel or channels are formed by the same part and not by the assembly of two parts as in the example described above with the bottom wall.
  • the dispensing member is connected to an external cooling circuit to cool the fluid which circulates therein.
  • a tube 188 is provided for each element to cool, similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the coolant used in this case can in particular be a liquid refrigerant based on carbon dioxide, such as R744 for example, 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (or HFO-1234yf) or 1, 1 , 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (or R-134a).
  • the coolant can also be a nanofluid.
  • the coolant can also be water, possibly including additives.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooling assembly for a device that is capable of releasing heat during its operation, in particular an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle, said assembly particularly being arranged to receive electrical energy storage cells, said assembly comprising: a casing (12) arranged to particularly accommodate battery cells, placed in said casing, a plurality of elements (51) for cooling the battery cells, each element comprising an internal channel for circulating coolant, said cooling elements being disposed in at least two rows particularly associated with two rows of battery cells, a component (55) for distributing coolant arranged to route fluid towards said cooling elements and to discharge the fluid after it has circulated in said cooling elements, said component being common to the two rows of cooling elements.

Description

Ensemble de reireidissemeat, uetaus eni pour batterie de véhicule  Set of reireidissemeat, uetaus eni for vehicle battery
L'invention concerne un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique pour véhicule automobile, comprenant un boîtier et au moins une cellule de stockage d'énergie électrique reçue dans le boîtier. L’invention se rapporte également à un compartiment pour dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique pour véhicule automobile. The invention relates to an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing and at least one electrical energy storage cell received in the housing. The invention also relates to a compartment for an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle.
Dans le domaine automobile, il est connu de mettre en œuvre des batteries électriques sous forme de modules. Chaque module comporte une pluralité de cellules de stockages d’énergie électrique reçues dans un boîtier. Il est ainsi plus aisé de combiner les batteries électriques pour obtenir une capacité de charge souhaitée. Il est également plus aisé, de la sorte, de monter la batterie sur le véhicule automobile, les cellules de stockage étant protégées par le boîtier.  In the automotive field, it is known to use electric batteries in the form of modules. Each module includes a plurality of electrical energy storage cells received in a housing. It is thus easier to combine electric batteries to obtain a desired charge capacity. It is also easier, in this way, to mount the battery on the motor vehicle, the storage cells being protected by the housing.
La demande US 2011/0206967 A décrit un exemple de telle batterie. Dans cette demande, les cellules sont stockées dans des containers ayant des logements de réception des cellules. Une paroi des containers, destinées à être en contact avec une paroi d’un container voisin, présente des renfoncements formant une partie de conduit de circulation d’un fluide de refroidissement.  Application US 2011/0206967 A describes an example of such a battery. In this request, the cells are stored in containers having receptacles for receiving the cells. A wall of the containers, intended to be in contact with a wall of a neighboring container, has recesses forming a part of the conduit for circulation of a cooling fluid.
Le but de l’invention est de proposer un dispositif de stockage d’énergie électrique pour véhicule automobile qui soit amélioré. The object of the invention is to provide an improved electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle.
L’invention a ainsi pour objet un ensemble de refroidissement pour dispositif susceptible de dégager de la chaleur lors de son fonctionnement, notamment un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique pour véhicule automobile, cet ensemble étant notamment agencé pour recevoir des cellules de stockage d'énergie électrique, cet ensemble comportant : The subject of the invention is therefore a cooling assembly for a device capable of generating heat during its operation, in particular an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle, this assembly being in particular designed to receive storage cells for electrical energy, this set comprising:
un boîtier agencé pour recevoir notamment des cellules de batterie, placés dans ce boîtier, une pluralité d’éléments de refroidissement des cellules de batterie, chaque élément comportant un canal intérieur de circulation de fluide de refroidissement, ces éléments de refroidissement étant disposés suivant au moins deux rangées associées notamment à deux rangées de cellules de batterie, a housing arranged to receive in particular battery cells, placed in this housing, a plurality of elements for cooling the battery cells, each element having an internal channel for circulation of coolant, these cooling elements being arranged along at least two rows associated in particular with two rows of battery cells,
un organe de distribution de fluide de refroidissement agencé pour acheminer du fluide vers ces éléments de refroidissement et évacuer du fluide après sa circulation dans ces éléments de refroidissement, cet organe étant commun aux deux rangées d’éléments de refroidissement, cet organe de distribution étant agencé entre les deux rangées d’éléments de refroidissement et étant en outre agencé pour être placé au moins partiellement notamment entre les deux rangées de cellules de batterie.  a coolant distribution member arranged to convey fluid to these cooling elements and evacuate fluid after its circulation in these cooling elements, this member being common to the two rows of cooling elements, this distribution member being arranged between the two rows of cooling elements and being further arranged to be placed at least partially in particular between the two rows of battery cells.
L’invention est particulièrement bien adaptée au contexte de refroidissement de batteries électriques pour tout type d’application présentant un boîtier contenant l’ensemble des batteries électriques. The invention is particularly well suited to the context of cooling electric batteries for any type of application having a housing containing all of the electric batteries.
L’invention s’applique notamment à l’intégration d’échangeurs face à face, à un réseau de distribution fluide situé entre les modules batterie.  The invention is particularly applicable to the integration of heat exchangers face to face, to a fluid distribution network located between the battery modules.
L’invention permet notamment de profiter de l’espace vacant entre modules. The invention makes it possible in particular to take advantage of the vacant space between modules.
De manière générale, les échangeurs présents dans le pack batterie sont liés au réseau de distribution de façon mécanique. Dans les applications connues, il s’agit de liaison de type quick-connect ou vissage, et le réseau de distribution est indépendant de la structure du boîtier. Des raccords flexibles sont nécessaires entres les échangeurs et le système de distribution. Generally, the exchangers present in the battery pack are linked to the distribution network mechanically. In known applications, this is a quick-connect or screw-type connection, and the distribution network is independent of the structure of the housing. Flexible connections are required between the exchangers and the distribution system.
Dans la présente invention, de par son architecture, le boîtier est par exemple en matériau composite, avec une feuille en matériau composite, et intègre la fonction distribution/acheminement de fluide de refroidissement dans l’espace vacant central entre les modules batteries.  In the present invention, by virtue of its architecture, the housing is for example of composite material, with a sheet of composite material, and integrates the distribution / routing function of cooling fluid in the central vacant space between the battery modules.
Lorsque les échangeurs sont face à face avec deux canaux de distribution centraux, les passages de fluide entrée/sortie nécessitent des aménagements verticaux. Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de distribution de fluide comporte un canal commun d’arrivée de fluide pour distribuer le fluide dans les éléments de refroidissement, et un canal commun de sortie de fluide agencé pour évacuer le fluide ayant circulé dans les éléments de refroidissement. When the exchangers are face to face with two central distribution channels, the inlet / outlet fluid passages require vertical arrangements. According to one aspect of the invention, the fluid distribution member comprises a common fluid inlet channel for distributing the fluid in the cooling elements, and a common fluid outlet channel arranged to evacuate the fluid having circulated in the cooling elements.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, ces canaux d’arrivée et de sortie s’étendent de manière parallèle l’un à l’autre.  According to one aspect of the invention, these incoming and outgoing channels extend in parallel with one another.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’un au moins de ces canaux communs, de préférence les deux canaux communs, sont formés entre une coque et une paroi de fond du boîtier, la coque étant fixée sur la paroi de fond de manière à former ces deux canaux.  According to one aspect of the invention, at least one of these common channels, preferably the two common channels, are formed between a shell and a bottom wall of the housing, the shell being fixed to the bottom wall. so as to form these two channels.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la coque comporte une ou plusieurs cloisons de séparation agencées pour séparer le canal commun d’entrée et le canal commun de sortie.  According to one aspect of the invention, the hull has one or more partition walls arranged to separate the common inlet channel and the common outlet channel.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la coque présente une forme longiligne, notamment parallèle aux deux rangées d’éléments de refroidissement.  According to one aspect of the invention, the shell has a slender shape, in particular parallel to the two rows of cooling elements.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la coque est formée par une pièce d’un seul tenant, notamment par formage, notamment par moulage, thermo formage, injection, usinage ou impression 3D.  According to one aspect of the invention, the shell is formed by a single piece, in particular by forming, in particular by molding, thermoforming, injection, machining or 3D printing.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la coque est réalisée en matériaux tels plastique, composite, métal.  According to one aspect of the invention, the shell is made of materials such as plastic, composite, metal.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la coque est au moins 5 fois plus longue que haute, notamment au moins 10 fois plus longue que haute (la longueur étant mesurée suivant la direction des rangées d’éléments de refroidissement et la hauteur mesurée perpendiculairement au plan dans lequel s’étendent les éléments de refroidissement).  According to one aspect of the invention, the shell is at least 5 times longer than high, in particular at least 10 times longer than high (the length being measured in the direction of the rows of cooling elements and the height measured perpendicular to the plane in which the cooling elements extend).
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la hauteur de cette coque est comprise entre 2 mm et 4 mm .  According to one aspect of the invention, the height of this shell is between 2 mm and 4 mm.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de distribution de fluide de refroidissement comporte, pour chaque élément de refroidissement, un orifice d’entrée de fluide et un orifice de sortie de fluide agencés pour acheminer et évacuer du fluide de cet élément de refroidissement. Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les orifices d’entrée et de sorite sont, de préférence régulièrement, espacés le long de la coque. According to one aspect of the invention, the cooling fluid distribution member comprises, for each cooling element, a fluid inlet orifice and a fluid outlet orifice arranged to convey and evacuate this cooling element. According to one aspect of the invention, the inlet and outlet orifices are preferably spaced apart along the hull.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de distribution de fluide de refroidissement comporte une entrée générale de fluide et une sortie générale de fluide.  According to one aspect of the invention, the coolant distribution member has a general fluid inlet and a general fluid outlet.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les orifices d’entrée et de sorite de fluide sont formés sur un sommet de la coque, à savoir à un point le plus haut par rapport à la paroi de fond.  According to one aspect of the invention, the fluid inlet and outlet ports are formed on a top of the hull, namely at a point highest relative to the bottom wall.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la coque présente une forme de deux U côte à côte, chaque U correspondant à l’un des canaux communs d’entrée et de sortie.  According to one aspect of the invention, the shell has a shape of two U side by side, each U corresponding to one of the common input and output channels.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les orifices d’entrée sont formés sur un sommet du U, et les orifices de sortie sur le sommet de l’autre U.  According to one aspect of the invention, the inlet openings are formed on a top of the U, and the outlet openings on the top of the other U.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, chaque élément de refroidissement comporte une région de connexion de fluide qui présente une marche.  According to one aspect of the invention, each cooling element has a fluid connection region which has a step.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, cette marche forme moins de 50% de la superficie de l’élément de refroidissement, notamment moins de 20% voire 15%.  According to one aspect of the invention, this step forms less than 50% of the area of the cooling element, in particular less than 20% or even 15%.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la marche est à une extrémité de cet élément de refroidissement.  According to one aspect of the invention, the step is at one end of this cooling element.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, chaque élément de refroidissement comporte une face principale de refroidissement agencée pour être mis au contact d’une ou plusieurs cellules de batterie, face principale qui est en appui sur la paroi de fond, et la région de connexion prolonge cette face principale, et la marche ayant une extrémité éloignée de la face principale et est agencée pour se connecter à l’un des orifices d’entrée et l’un des orifices de sortie de l’organe de distribution collective.  According to one aspect of the invention, each cooling element comprises a main cooling face arranged to be brought into contact with one or more battery cells, the main face which is supported on the bottom wall, and the connection region extends this main face, and the step having an end remote from the main face and is arranged to connect to one of the inlet orifices and one of the outlet orifices of the collective distribution member.
Ainsi le fluide de refroidissement est agencé pour circuler d’abord dans la région de connexion, donc la marche, puis dans la face principale, puis dans la région de connexion pour son évacuation vers l’organe de distribution collective.  Thus the cooling fluid is arranged to circulate first in the connection region, therefore the step, then in the main face, then in the connection region for its evacuation to the collective distribution member.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la marche est formée par pliage de plaques. According to one aspect of the invention, the step is formed by folding plates.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’extrémité de la marche vient en appui sur le sommet de l’organe de distribution collective, et ainsi recouvre partiellement ce sommet. Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’extrémité de la marche comporte un orifice d’entrée et un orifice de sortie agencée pour être mis en communication avec les orifices respectifs de l’organe de distribution. According to one aspect of the invention, the end of the step bears on the top of the collective distribution member, and thus partially covers this top. According to one aspect of the invention, the end of the step comprises an inlet orifice and an outlet orifice arranged to be placed in communication with the respective orifices of the dispensing member.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les orifices d’entrée et de sortie de l’élément de refroidissement comportent chacun une tubulure de raccord de fluide qui est agencée pour être insérée dans l’orifice associé sur l’organe de distribution collective.  According to one aspect of the invention, the inlet and outlet openings of the cooling element each comprise a fluid connection tube which is arranged to be inserted into the associated opening on the dispensing member. collective.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, cette tubulure comporte au moins un joint d’étanchéité, notamment plusieurs, agencé pour assurer l’étanchéité entre la tubulure et l’orifice associé sur l’organe de distribution, lequel comporte notamment une jupe de maintien.  According to one aspect of the invention, this tubing comprises at least one seal, in particular several, arranged to ensure the seal between the tubing and the associated orifice on the dispensing member, which in particular comprises a support skirt.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’insertion de la tubulure dans l’orifice associé se fait par appui suivant la direction de la hauteur de l’organe de distribution.  According to one aspect of the invention, the insertion of the tubing into the associated orifice is done by pressing in the direction of the height of the dispensing member.
En variante, l’organe de distribution de fluide comporte :  As a variant, the fluid distribution member comprises:
- un corps central ménageant des canaux communs d’entrée de fluide et de sortie de fluide,  - a central body providing common fluid inlet and fluid outlet channels,
- des branches latérales chacune agencée pour  - side branches each arranged for
• soit acheminer du fluide depuis le canal d’entrée commun vers l’élément de refroidissement associé  • either convey fluid from the common inlet channel to the associated cooling element
• soit évacuer du fluide vers le canal commun de sortie depuis l’élément de refroidissement associé.  • or evacuate fluid to the common outlet channel from the associated cooling element.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les branches sont disposées par rapport au corps central à la manière d’arrêtés de poisson. According to one aspect of the invention, the branches are arranged relative to the central body in the manner of fish orders.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, chaque branche comporte à une extrémité opposée au corps central auquel elle se raccorde un orifice d’entrée ou de sortie de fluide.  According to one aspect of the invention, each branch has at one end opposite the central body to which it is connected a fluid inlet or outlet.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, chaque élément de refroidissement se raccorde aux deux branches voisines, l’une pour acheminer le fluide et l’autre pour l’évacuer après circulation dan l’élément de refroidissement.  According to one aspect of the invention, each cooling element is connected to the two adjacent branches, one for conveying the fluid and the other for evacuating it after circulation in the cooling element.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le corps central et les branches sont formés d’une même pièce. Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le corps central comporte une cloison interne pour séparer le canal commun d’entrée et le canal commun de sortie. According to one aspect of the invention, the central body and the branches are formed in one piece. According to one aspect of the invention, the central body has an internal partition to separate the common inlet channel and the common outlet channel.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’un des canaux communs, dans le corps central, entoure l’autre des canaux communs, le canal qui entoure l’autre présente un virage à l’une des extrémités de sorte à avoir une forme en U, l’autre canal commun ayant une forme en I dans le corps central.  According to one aspect of the invention, one of the common channels, in the central body, surrounds the other of the common channels, the channel which surrounds the other has a bend at one of the ends so as to have a U shape, the other common channel having an I shape in the central body.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, le chemin de fluide dans le corps central, chemin qui est relié l’une des branches, passe au dessus de la cloison qui sépare les canaux communs d’entrée et de sortie, pour rejoindre le canal en forme de I entrouré par le canal en forme de U. Ceci se traduit par une saille de la branche sur le haut du corps central pour former ce chemin de fluide qui enjambe la cloison.  According to one aspect of the invention, the fluid path in the central body, a path which is connected to one of the branches, passes above the partition which separates the common inlet and outlet channels, to reach the I-shaped channel surrounded by the U-shaped channel. This results in a projection of the branch on the top of the central body to form this path of fluid which spans the partition.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, chaque branche comporte un décrochement sur lequel l’orifice est formé et la plaque de l’élément de refroidissement vient en appui sur ce décrochement.  According to one aspect of the invention, each branch has a recess on which the orifice is formed and the plate of the cooling element bears on this recess.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, chaque élément de refroidissement est formé par l’assemblage de deux plaques définissant entre elles au moins le canal de fluide.  According to one aspect of the invention, each cooling element is formed by the assembly of two plates defining between them at least the fluid channel.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, tous les éléments de refroidissement associés à une rangée sont identiques entre eux.  According to one aspect of the invention, all the cooling elements associated with a row are identical to each other.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les éléments de refroidissement sont posés sur la paroi de fond.  According to one aspect of the invention, the cooling elements are placed on the bottom wall.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de distribution peut être fermé sur son pourtour pour définir les canaux communs de sorte qu’il n’est pas nécessaire de faire intervenir la paroi de fond pour faire les canaux communs. Autrement dit le pourtour du ou des canaux communs sont formés par la même pièce et non par l’assemblage de deux pièces comme dans l’exemple décrit plus haut avec la paroi de fond.  According to one aspect of the invention, the distribution member can be closed around its periphery to define the common channels so that it is not necessary to involve the bottom wall to make the common channels. In other words, the periphery of the common channel or channels are formed by the same part and not by the assembly of two parts as in the example described above with the bottom wall.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de distribution est relié à un circuit externe de refroidissement pour refroidir le fluide qui circule en son sein.  According to one aspect of the invention, the dispensing member is connected to an external cooling circuit to cool the fluid which circulates therein.
Avantageusement, la connexion entre l’échangeur et le canal de distribution est réalisée sans système additionnel de fixation (raccords flexibles, vissage, quick- connect...). Cela présente également un aspect innovant pour l’assemblage et une facilité de montage. Advantageously, the connection between the exchanger and the distribution channel is made without additional fixing system (flexible connectors, screwing, quick- connect ...). This also presents an innovative aspect for assembly and ease of assembly.
Les avantages de l’invention sont notamment :  The advantages of the invention are in particular:
une compacité verticale et transversale (utilisation espace central entre modules)  vertical and transverse compactness (use of central space between modules)
une réduction du nombre de composants (pas de système de maintien ou flexibles...)  a reduction in the number of components (no holding system or flexible ...)
une simplicité d’intégration des éléments constituant le pack batteries.  simple integration of the elements making up the battery pack.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la coque qui en quelque sorte forme un demi- canal, sous forme de pièce plastique moulée ou injectée, est fermée par la plaque de base ou le fond. La fermeture est réalisée par soudure miroir ou collage. According to one aspect of the invention, the shell which somehow forms a half-channel, in the form of a molded or injected plastic part, is closed by the base plate or the bottom. The closure is carried out by mirror welding or gluing.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, la plaque de base ne présente pas d’interface particulière.  According to one aspect of the invention, the base plate has no particular interface.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, les échangeurs ou éléments de refroidissement ont une forme complexe car ils nécessitent une courbure, ou pliage, et un déport des entrées/sorties pour permettre la jonction verticale avec le système de distribution.  According to one aspect of the invention, the exchangers or cooling elements have a complex shape because they require a curvature, or folding, and an offset of the inputs / outputs to allow the vertical junction with the distribution system.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’étanchéité peut être simple ou double, elle est assurée par compression radiale d’un (ou deux) joint(s) lorsqu’une jupe pénètre suffisamment dans le logement. Ceci est possible lors du vissage des modules batteries sur les traverses. Le vissage permet de « descendre » les modules batteries à une certaine côte en « Z ». En conséquence, l’échangeur suit le même mouvement et la compression du joint est assurée. Il n’y a donc aucun système de maintien ou connexion de type quick- connect ou vissage.  According to one aspect of the invention, the seal may be single or double, it is provided by radial compression of one (or two) joint (s) when a skirt penetrates sufficiently into the housing. This is possible when screwing the battery modules onto the cross members. Screwing down allows the battery modules to be lowered to a certain “Z” angle. As a result, the exchanger follows the same movement and the compression of the seal is ensured. There is therefore no holding system or quick-connect or screwing type connection.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée à titre d'exemple illustratif et non limitatif, et des dessins annexés parmi lesquels : - les figures 1 à 4 sont des vues d’un exemple de mise en œuvre de l’invention,Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description, given by way of illustrative and nonlimiting example, and the appended drawings among which: - Figures 1 to 4 are views of an exemplary implementation of the invention,
- les figures 5 à 7 sont des vues d’un autre exemple de mise en œuvre de l’invention. - Figures 5 to 7 are views of another example of implementation of the invention.
Les figures 1 et 2 illustrent un premier exemple de dispositif de stockage d’énergie électrique 10 pour véhicule automobile. Le véhicule automobile peut notamment être une voiture, un camion, un bus. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a first example of an electrical energy storage device 10 for a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle can in particular be a car, a truck, a bus.
Le dispositif de stockage d’énergie électrique 10 comporte un boîtier 12, ou casing en anglais, et des cellules 14 de stockage d’énergie électrique. Les cellules 14 sont par exemple montées électriquement en série. Les cellules 14 peuvent former des modules et le dispositif 10 comporte deux rangées 9 de modules de batteries.  The electrical energy storage device 10 comprises a casing 12, or casing in English, and cells 14 for storing electrical energy. The cells 14 are for example electrically connected in series. The cells 14 can form modules and the device 10 comprises two rows 9 of battery modules.
Le boîtier 12 est formé, comme cela est plus visible sur la figure 1, d’un compartiment 16 inferieur et d’un couvercle 18 destiné à fermer le boîtier 12 pour protéger les cellules 14. Le couvercle 18 vient recouvrir un logement 20 défini par la partie 16.  The housing 12 is formed, as is more visible in FIG. 1, of a lower compartment 16 and of a cover 18 intended to close the housing 12 to protect the cells 14. The cover 18 covers a housing 20 defined by part 16.
Le compartiment 16 a une forme de cuvette, avec une paroi fond 26, des parois latérales 28 formant un cadre, des traverses 29 pour le montage des modules 9, et un couvercle inferieur 30 placé sous la paroi de fond 26.  The compartment 16 has the shape of a bowl, with a bottom wall 26, side walls 28 forming a frame, crosspieces 29 for mounting the modules 9, and a lower cover 30 placed under the bottom wall 26.
Le cadre 28 présente une fonction structurelle et de protection contre des chocs. The frame 28 has a structural function and protection against shocks.
Le couvercle inferieur 30 sert de protection aux chocs. The lower cover 30 serves as impact protection.
Le compartiment 16 qui est agencé pour recevoir les cellules de stockage d'énergie électrique, comporte :  The compartment 16 which is arranged to receive the electrical energy storage cells, comprises:
la paroi de fond 26, la paroi de fond comportant un matériau composite, des parois latérales 28 se posant sur la paroi de fond 26.  the bottom wall 26, the bottom wall comprising a composite material, side walls 28 being placed on the bottom wall 26.
La paroi de fond 26 présente une fonction de support d’éléments de compression d’éléments de refroidissement sur les modules de batterie. On a en particulier représenté sur la figure 1 un ensemble de refroidissement 50 pour le dispositif 10 susceptible de dégager de la chaleur lors de son fonctionnement, , cet ensemble comportant : The bottom wall 26 has a function of supporting elements for compressing cooling elements on the battery modules. FIG. 1 shows in particular a cooling assembly 50 for the device 10 capable of generating heat during its operation, this assembly comprising:
le boîtier 12,  the housing 12,
placés dans ce boîtier 12, une pluralité d’éléments de refroidissement 51 des cellules de batterie, chaque élément 51 comportant un canal intérieur de circulation de fluide de refroidissement, ces éléments de refroidissement 51 étant disposés suivant au moins deux rangées 52 associées notamment à deux rangées de cellules de batterie 9,  placed in this housing 12, a plurality of cooling elements 51 of the battery cells, each element 51 comprising an internal cooling fluid circulation channel, these cooling elements 51 being arranged in at least two rows 52 associated in particular with two rows of battery cells 9,
un organe de distribution 55 de fluide de refroidissement agencé pour acheminer du fluide vers ces éléments de refroidissement et évacuer du fluide après sa circulation dans ces éléments de refroidissement, cet organe 55 étant commun aux deux rangées 52 d’éléments de refroidissement, cet organe de distribution 55 étant agencé entre les deux rangées 52 d’éléments de refroidissement 51 et étant en outre agencé pour être placé au moins partiellement notamment entre les deux rangées de cellules de batterie.  a coolant distribution member 55 arranged to convey fluid to these cooling elements and evacuate fluid after its circulation in these cooling elements, this member 55 being common to the two rows 52 of cooling elements, this member distribution 55 being arranged between the two rows 52 of cooling elements 51 and being further arranged to be placed at least partially in particular between the two rows of battery cells.
L’organe de distribution de fluide 55 comporte un canal commun d’arrivée 60 de fluide pour distribuer le fluide dans les éléments de refroidissement, et un canal commun de sortie 61 de fluide agencé pour évacuer le fluide ayant circulé dans les éléments de refroidissement 51. The fluid distribution member 55 has a common inlet channel 60 for fluid to distribute the fluid in the cooling elements, and a common outlet channel 61 for fluid arranged to evacuate the fluid having circulated in the cooling elements 51 .
Ces éléments 51 sont éloignés les uns des autres.  These elements 51 are distant from each other.
Ces canaux d’arrivée 60 et de sortie 61 s’étendent de manière parallèle l’un à l’autre.  These inlet channels 60 and outlet channels 61 extend parallel to each other.
Les deux canaux communs 60 et 61 sont formés entre une coque 63 et la paroi de fond 26 du boîtier, la coque 63 étant fixée sur la paroi de fond 63 par exemple par soudure de manière à former ces deux canaux. 60 et 61.  The two common channels 60 and 61 are formed between a shell 63 and the bottom wall 26 of the housing, the shell 63 being fixed to the bottom wall 63 for example by welding so as to form these two channels. 60 and 61.
La coque 63 comporte plusieurs cloisons de séparation 66 agencées pour séparer le canal commun d’entrée 60 et le canal commun de sortie 61. La coque 63 présente une forme longiligne, parallèle aux deux rangées 9 d’éléments de refroidissement. The shell 63 has several partition walls 66 arranged to separate the common inlet channel 60 and the common outlet channel 61. The shell 63 has a slender shape, parallel to the two rows 9 of cooling elements.
La coque 63 est formée par une pièce d’un seul tenant, notamment par formage. The shell 63 is formed by a single piece, in particular by forming.
La coque 63 est réalisée en plastique, composite ou métal. The shell 63 is made of plastic, composite or metal.
La coque 63 est au moins 5 fois plus longue que haute, notamment au moins 10 fois plus longue que haute (la longueur étant mesurée suivant la direction des rangées d’éléments de refroidissement et la hauteur mesurée perpendiculairement au plan dans lequel s’étendent les éléments de refroidissement).  The shell 63 is at least 5 times longer than high, in particular at least 10 times longer than high (the length being measured in the direction of the rows of cooling elements and the height measured perpendicular to the plane in which the cooling elements).
La hauteur de cette coque 63 est comprise entre 2 mm et 40 mm.  The height of this shell 63 is between 2 mm and 40 mm.
L’organe de distribution 55 de fluide de refroidissement comporte, pour chaque élément de refroidissement 51, un orifice d’entrée 66 de fluide et un orifice de sortie 67 de fluide agencés pour acheminer et évacuer du fluide de cet élément de refroidissement 51, comme illustré sur la figure 4.  The coolant distribution member 55 comprises, for each cooling element 51, an inlet port 66 for fluid and an outlet port 67 for fluid arranged to convey and discharge fluid from this cooling element 51, as illustrated in figure 4.
Les orifices d’entrée et de sortie 66 et 67 sont espacés le long de la coque 63. The inlet and outlet openings 66 and 67 are spaced along the shell 63.
L’organe de distribution 55 de fluide de refroidissement comporte une entrée générale de fluide et une sortie générale de fluide, non représentées, par exemple à l’une des extrémités des canaux communs60 et 61. The coolant distribution member 55 has a general fluid inlet and a general fluid outlet, not shown, for example at one end of the common channels 60 and 61.
Les orifices d’entrée et de sortie de fluide 66 et 67 sont formés sur un sommet de la coque 63, à savoir à un point le plus haut par rapport à la paroi de fond 26.  The fluid inlet and outlet openings 66 and 67 are formed on a top of the shell 63, namely at a point highest relative to the bottom wall 26.
La coque 63 présente une forme de deux U côte à côte, chaque U, de référence 69, correspondant à l’un des canaux communs d’entrée et de sortie 60 et 61.  The shell 63 has a shape of two U side by side, each U, of reference 69, corresponding to one of the common input and output channels 60 and 61.
Les orifices d’entrée 66 sont formés sur un sommet du U, et les orifices de sortie 67 sur le sommet de l’autre U.  The inlet ports 66 are formed on a top of the U, and the outlet ports 67 on the top of the other U.
Chaque élément de refroidissement 51 comporte une région de connexion 70 de fluide qui présente une marche 71.  Each cooling element 51 comprises a connection region 70 of fluid which has a step 71.
Cette marche 71 forme moins de 50% de la superficie de l’élément de refroidissement 51, notamment moins de 20% voire 15%.  This step 71 forms less than 50% of the area of the cooling element 51, in particular less than 20% or even 15%.
La marche 71 est à une extrémité 72 de cet élément de refroidissement 51.  The step 71 is at one end 72 of this cooling element 51.
Chaque élément de refroidissement 51 comporte une face principale 74 de refroidissement agencée pour être mis au contact d’une ou plusieurs cellules de batterie, face principale 74 qui est en appui sur la paroi de fond 26, et la région de connexion 70 prolonge cette face principale 74, et la marche 71 ayant une extrémité 77 éloignée de la face principale 74 et est agencée pour se connecter à l’un des orifices d’entrée 66 et l’un des orifices de sortie 67 de l’organe de distribution collective 55. Each cooling element 51 has a main cooling face 74 arranged to be brought into contact with one or more battery cells, main face 74 which is supported on the bottom wall 26, and the connection region 70 extends this main face 74, and the step 71 having one end 77 remote from the main face 74 and is arranged to connect to one inlet orifices 66 and one of the outlet orifices 67 of the collective distribution member 55.
Ainsi le fluide de refroidissement est agencé pour circuler d’abord dans la région de connexion, donc la marche 71, puis dans la face principale 74, puis dans la région de connexion 77 pour son évacuation vers l’organe de distribution collective.  Thus, the cooling fluid is arranged to circulate first in the connection region, therefore the step 71, then in the main face 74, then in the connection region 77 for its evacuation to the collective distribution member.
La marche 71 est formée par pliage de plaques.  The step 71 is formed by folding plates.
L’extrémité de la marche 77 vient en appui sur l’un des sommets 80 de l’organe de distribution collective 55, et ainsi recouvre partiellement ce sommet.  The end of the step 77 bears on one of the vertices 80 of the collective distribution member 55, and thus partially covers this summit.
L’extrémité 77 de la marche 71 comporte un orifice d’entrée 82 et un orifice de sortie 83 agencée pour être mis en communication avec les orifices respectifs 66 ;67 de l’organe de distribution, comme visible sur les figures 3 et 4.  The end 77 of the step 71 has an inlet orifice 82 and an outlet orifice 83 arranged to be placed in communication with the respective orifices 66; 67 of the dispensing member, as visible in FIGS. 3 and 4.
Les orifices d’entrée 82 et de sortie 83 de l’élément de refroidissement 51 comportent chacun une tubulure de raccord 88 de fluide qui est agencée pour être insérée dans l’orifice 66 ;67 associé sur l’organe de distribution collective 55.  The inlet 82 and outlet 83 ports of the cooling element 51 each have a fluid connection piece 88 which is arranged to be inserted into the orifice 66; 67 associated on the collective distribution member 55.
Un ou plusieurs joints annulaires 89 sont prévus sur chaque tubulure 88, pour assurer l’étanchéité entre la tubulure et l’orifice associé sur l’organe de distribution 55, lequel comporte notamment une jupe de maintien 89 pour coopérer avec chaque tubulure 88.  One or more annular seals 89 are provided on each tube 88, to ensure the seal between the tube and the associated orifice on the dispensing member 55, which in particular comprises a retaining skirt 89 to cooperate with each tube 88.
L’insertion de la tubulure 88 dans l’orifice 66 ;67 associé se fait par appui suivant la direction Z de la hauteur de l’organe de distribution 55.  The insertion of the tubing 88 into the associated hole 66; 67 is done by pressing in the direction Z of the height of the dispensing member 55.
L’invention permet un gain de place suivant l’axe Z, les éléments de refroidissement étant pliés pour gain de place.  The invention saves space along the Z axis, the cooling elements being folded to save space.
On notera la présence d’une gorge 85 dans la tubulure permettant la butée radiale interne du joint. Ainsi, la connectique de l’échangeur, appelée « sleeve », passe au travers de la plaque de base 26 et est en liaison étanche avec le système de distribution. L’étanchéité est assurée par compression d’un joint mécanique.  Note the presence of a groove 85 in the tubing allowing the internal radial stop of the joint. Thus, the connection of the exchanger, called "sleeve", passes through the base plate 26 and is in leaktight connection with the distribution system. Sealing is ensured by compression of a mechanical seal.
En termes de mise en position, l’échangeur est pré-positionné par les tubulures dans les logements prévus dans la plaque de base 26. Ainsi pour un échangeur, les tubulures entrée/sortie se pré-positionnent dans la plaque de base 26 avant d’être en position finale après vissage des modules batteries sur les traverses 28. In terms of positioning, the exchanger is pre-positioned by the pipes in the housings provided in the base plate 26. Thus for an exchanger, the inlet / outlet pipes are pre-positioned in the base plate 26 before being in the final position after screwing the battery modules to the cross members 28.
Dans un autre exemple de l’invention illustré en figues 5 à 7, l’organe de distribution 100 de fluide comporte : In another example of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7, the fluid distribution member 100 comprises:
- un corps central 101 ménageant des canaux communs d’entrée 102 de fluide et de sortie 103 de fluide,  a central body 101 providing common inlet channels 102 for fluid and outlet 103 for fluid,
- des branches latérales 105 chacune agencée pour  - side branches 105 each arranged for
• soit acheminer du fluide depuis le canal d’entrée commun 102 vers l’élément de refroidissement associé  • either convey fluid from the common inlet channel 102 to the associated cooling element
• soit évacuer du fluide vers le canal commun de sortie 103 depuis l’élément de refroidissement associé 151.  • or evacuate the fluid to the common outlet channel 103 from the associated cooling element 151.
Les branches 105 sont disposées par rapport au corps central 101 à la manière d’arrêtés de poisson. The branches 105 are arranged relative to the central body 101 in the manner of fish orders.
Chaque branche 105 comporte à une extrémité 108 opposée au corps central 101 auquel elle se raccorde un orifice d’entrée 112 ou de sortie 113 de fluide.  Each branch 105 has at one end 108 opposite the central body 101 to which it is connected an inlet port 112 or outlet 113 for fluid.
Chaque élément de refroidissement 151 se raccorde aux deux branches voisines 105, l’une pour acheminer le fluide et l’autre pour l’évacuer après circulation dan l’élément de refroidissement 151.  Each cooling element 151 is connected to the two adjacent branches 105, one for conveying the fluid and the other for evacuating it after circulation in the cooling element 151.
Le corps central 101 et les branches 105 sont formés d’une même pièce.  The central body 101 and the branches 105 are formed in one piece.
Le corps central 101 comporte une cloison 120 interne pour séparer le canal commun d’entrée 102 et le canal commun de sortie 103.  The central body 101 has an internal partition 120 for separating the common inlet channel 102 and the common outlet channel 103.
L’un des canaux communs 103, dans le corps central, entoure l’autre des canaux communs 102, le canal qui entoure l’autre présente un virage 121 à l’une des extrémités 122 de sorte à avoir une forme en U, l’autre canal commun ayant une forme en I dans le corps central.  One of the common channels 103, in the central body, surrounds the other of the common channels 102, the channel which surrounds the other has a bend 121 at one of the ends 122 so as to have a U-shape, l other common channel having an I-shape in the central body.
Le chemin de fluide dans le corps central 101, chemin qui est relié l’une des branches 105, passe au dessus de la cloison 120 qui sépare les canaux communs d’entrée et de sortie 102 et 103, pour rejoindre le canal 102 en forme de I entrouré par le canal 103 en forme de U. Ceci se traduit par une saillie 125 de la branche sur le haut du corps central pour former ce chemin de fluide qui enjambe la cloison. The fluid path in the central body 101, a path which is connected to one of the branches 105, passes above the partition 120 which separates the common inlet and outlet channels 102 and 103, to join the shaped channel 102 of I surrounded by channel 103 U-shaped. This results in a projection 125 of the branch on the top of the central body to form this path of fluid which spans the partition.
Chaque branche 105 comporte un décrochement 129 sur lequel l’orifice 112, 113 est formé et la plaque de l’élément de refroidissement 151 vient en appui sur ce décrochement 129.  Each branch 105 has a recess 129 on which the orifice 112, 113 is formed and the plate of the cooling element 151 comes to bear on this recess 129.
Chaque élément de refroidissement 151 est formé par l’assemblage de deux plaques 153 et 154 définissant entre elles au moins le canal de fluide.  Each cooling element 151 is formed by the assembly of two plates 153 and 154 defining between them at least the fluid channel.
Tous les éléments de refroidissement associés à une rangée sont identiques entre eux.  All the cooling elements associated with a row are identical to each other.
Les éléments de refroidissement sont posés sur la paroi de fond 26.  The cooling elements are placed on the bottom wall 26.
L’organe de distribution peut être fermé sur son pourtour pour définir les canaux communs de sorte qu’il n’est pas nécessaire de faire intervenir la paroi de fond pour faire les canaux communs. Autrement dit le pourtour du ou des canaux communs sont formés par la même pièce et non par l’assemblage de deux pièces comme dans l’exemple décrit plus haut avec la paroi de fond.  The distribution member can be closed on its periphery to define the common channels so that it is not necessary to involve the bottom wall to make the common channels. In other words, the periphery of the common channel or channels are formed by the same part and not by the assembly of two parts as in the example described above with the bottom wall.
Selon l’un des aspects de l’invention, l’organe de distribution est relié à un circuit externe de refroidissement pour refroidir le fluide qui circule en son sein.  According to one aspect of the invention, the dispensing member is connected to an external cooling circuit to cool the fluid which circulates therein.
Une tubulure 188 est prévue chaque élément de refroidissent, de manière similaire au mode de réalisation de la figure 1.  A tube 188 is provided for each element to cool, similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
Le liquide de refroidissement mis en œuvre dans ce cas peut notamment être un réfrigérant liquide à base de dioxyde de carbone, comme du R744 par exemple, du 2, 3, 3, 3-tétrafluoropropène (ou HFO-l234yf) ou du 1, 1, 1, 2-tétrafluoroéthane (ou R- l34a). Le liquide de refroidissement peut également être un nanofluide. Le liquide de refroidissement peut encore être de l’eau, incluant éventuellement des additifs.  The coolant used in this case can in particular be a liquid refrigerant based on carbon dioxide, such as R744 for example, 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (or HFO-1234yf) or 1, 1 , 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (or R-134a). The coolant can also be a nanofluid. The coolant can also be water, possibly including additives.

Claims

1. Ensemble de refroidissement pour dispositif susceptible de dégager de la chaleur lors de son fonctionnement, notamment un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique pour véhicule automobile, cet ensemble étant notamment agencé pour recevoir des cellules de stockage d'énergie électrique, cet ensemble comportant : 1. Cooling assembly for a device capable of generating heat during its operation, in particular an electrical energy storage device for a motor vehicle, this assembly being in particular arranged to receive electrical energy storage cells, this assembly comprising :
un boîtier (12) agencé pour recevoir notamment des cellules de batterie, placés dans ce boîtier une pluralité d’éléments de refroidissement (51 ; 151) des cellules de batterie, chaque élément comportant un canal intérieur de circulation de fluide de refroidissement, ces éléments de refroidissement étant disposés suivant au moins deux rangées associées notamment à deux rangées de cellules de batterie,  a housing (12) arranged to receive in particular battery cells, placed in this housing a plurality of cooling elements (51; 151) of the battery cells, each element comprising an internal cooling fluid circulation channel, these elements cooling being arranged in at least two rows associated in particular with two rows of battery cells,
un organe de distribution (55) de fluide de refroidissement agencé pour acheminer du fluide vers ces éléments de refroidissement et évacuer du fluide après sa circulation dans ces éléments de refroidissement, cet organe étant commun aux deux rangées d’éléments de refroidissement, cet organe de distribution étant agencé entre les deux rangées d’éléments de refroidissement et étant en outre agencé pour être placé au moins partiellement notamment entre les deux rangées de cellules de batterie.  a coolant distribution member (55) arranged to convey fluid to these cooling elements and evacuate fluid after its circulation in these cooling elements, this member being common to the two rows of cooling elements, this member distribution being arranged between the two rows of cooling elements and being further arranged to be placed at least partially in particular between the two rows of battery cells.
2. Ensemble selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel l’organe de distribution (55) de fluide comporte un canal commun d’arrivée de fluide pour distribuer le fluide dans les éléments de refroidissement, et un canal commun de sortie de fluide agencé pour évacuer le fluide ayant circulé dans les éléments de refroidissement. 2. Assembly according to the preceding claim, in which the fluid distribution member (55) comprises a common fluid inlet channel for distributing the fluid in the cooling elements, and a common fluid outlet channel arranged to evacuate the fluid having circulated in the cooling elements.
3. Ensemble selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l’un au moins de ces canaux communs, de préférence les deux canaux communs, sont formés entre une coque (63) et une paroi de fond du boîtier, la coque étant fixée sur la paroi de fond de manière à former ces deux canaux. 3. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one of these common channels, preferably the two common channels, are formed between a shell (63) and a bottom wall of the housing, the shell being fixed. on the bottom wall so as to form these two channels.
4 Ensemble selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l’organe de distribution de fluide de refroidissement comporte, pour chaque élément de refroidissement, un orifice d’entrée de fluide et un orifice de sortie de fluide agencés pour acheminer et. évacuer du fluide de cet élément de refroidissement. 4 Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the coolant distribution member comprises, for each cooling element, a fluid inlet orifice and a fluid outlet orifice arranged to convey and. drain fluid from this cooling element.
5 Ensemble selon l’une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les orifices d’entrée et de sorite de fluide sont formés sur un sommet de la coque, à savoir à un point le plus haut par rapport à la paroi de fond. 5 Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fluid inlet and outlet ports are formed on a top of the hull, namely at a point highest relative to the bottom wall.
6. Ensemble selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la coque présente une forme de deux U côte à côte, chaque U correspondant à l’un des canaux communs d’entrée et de sortie, et notamment les orifices d’entrée sont formés sur un sommet du U, et les orifices de sortie sur le sommet de l’autre U. 6. Assembly according to the preceding claim, wherein the shell has a shape of two U side by side, each U corresponding to one of the common inlet and outlet channels, and in particular the inlet orifices are formed on a top of the U, and the exit ports on the top of the other U.
7 Ensemble selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel chaque élément de refroidissement comporte une région de connexion de fluide qui présente une marche (70). 7 Assembly according to the preceding claim, wherein each cooling element comprises a fluid connection region which has a step (70).
8. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, dans lequel l’organe de distribution de fluide comporte : 8. An assembly according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the fluid distribution member comprises:
un corps central (101) ménageant des canaux communs d’entrée de fluide et de sortie de fluide,  a central body (101) providing common fluid inlet and fluid outlet channels,
- des branches latérales chacune agencée pour  - side branches each arranged for
æ soit acheminer du fluide depuis le canal d’entrée commun vers l’élément de refroidissement associé  æ either to convey fluid from the common inlet channel to the associated cooling element
• soit évacuer du fluide vers le canal commun de sortie depuis l’élément de refroidissement associé. • or evacuate the fluid to the common outlet channel from the associated cooling element.
9. Ensemble selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel les branches sont disposées par rapport au corps central à la manière d’arrêtés de poisson 9. An assembly according to the preceding claim, wherein the branches are arranged relative to the central body in the manner of fish orders
10. Ensemble selon la revendication précédente dans lequel Le corps central comporte une cloison interne pour séparer le canal commun d’entrée et le canal commun de sortie, et l’un des canaux communs, dans le corps central, entoure l’autre des canaux communs, le canal qui entoure l’autre présente un virage à l’une des extrémités de sorte à avoir une forme en U, G autre canal commun ayant une forme en I dans le corps central et le chemin de fluide dans le corps central, chemin qui est relié l’une des branches passe au dessus de la cloison qui sépare les canaux communs d’entrée et de sortie, pour rejoindre le canal en forme de I entrouré par le canal en forme de U. Ceci se traduit par une saille de la branche sur le haut du corps central pour former ce chemin de fluide qui enjambe la cloison. 10. Assembly according to the preceding claim, in which the central body has an internal partition for separating the common inlet channel and the common outlet channel, and one of the common channels, in the central body, surrounds the other of the channels. common, the channel which surrounds the other has a bend at one of the ends so as to have a U shape, G another common channel having an I shape in the central body and the fluid path in the central body, path which is connected one of the branches passes above the partition which separates the common inlet and outlet channels, to join the I-shaped channel surrounded by the U-shaped channel. This results in a projection of the branch on the top of the central body to form this path of fluid which spans the partition.
PCT/FR2019/052636 2018-11-06 2019-11-06 Cooling assembly, in particular for a vehicle battery WO2020094984A1 (en)

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FR1860219 2018-11-06
FR1860219A FR3088143B1 (en) 2018-11-06 2018-11-06 COOLING ASSEMBLY, IN PARTICULAR FOR VEHICLE BATTERIES

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CN114744272A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-07-12 中创新航科技股份有限公司 Battery pack and method for disassembling battery pack

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