WO2020093410A1 - 取芯钻机钻取机构 - Google Patents

取芯钻机钻取机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020093410A1
WO2020093410A1 PCT/CN2018/114962 CN2018114962W WO2020093410A1 WO 2020093410 A1 WO2020093410 A1 WO 2020093410A1 CN 2018114962 W CN2018114962 W CN 2018114962W WO 2020093410 A1 WO2020093410 A1 WO 2020093410A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
locking
hole
wall
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/114962
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高明忠
谢和平
陈领
张志龙
郭峻
张泽天
鲁义强
李聪
何志强
Original Assignee
深圳大学
四川大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳大学, 四川大学 filed Critical 深圳大学
Priority to US17/309,236 priority Critical patent/US11781382B2/en
Publication of WO2020093410A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020093410A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/02—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for locking the tools or the like in landing nipples or in recesses between adjacent sections of tubing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/02—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being insertable into, or removable from, the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/06—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver having a flexible liner or inflatable retaining means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/10—Formed core retaining or severing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a core drilling system, in particular to a core drilling machine drilling mechanism.
  • the core is an important material for discovering oil and gas layers and studying strata, oil-generating layers, oil reservoirs, caprocks, structures, etc.
  • oil and gas layers By observing and studying the core, you can directly understand the lithology and physical properties of underground rock layers And the characteristics of oil, gas and aquatic conditions.
  • the core is to use special core tools to take the underground rock into the ground in the process of drilling.
  • This kind of rock is called the core, and it can measure various properties of the rock and intuitively study the underground structure. And the sedimentary environment of the rock, to understand the nature of the fluid.
  • it is necessary to carry out drilling work according to the geologically designed stratum level and depth, and put a core tool into the well to drill out the rock samples.
  • the downhole temperature is high and the electrical equipment cannot be used.
  • a mechanical structure is required to control the various steps of the rig equipment.
  • the invention aims to provide a drilling mechanism of a core drilling rig, which can cooperate with surface equipment to control the downhole equipment of the core drilling rig to work according to the core taking step, maintain vertical drilling, and reduce friction between the rotating part and the outer dental drill.
  • the drilling mechanism of the core drilling rig disclosed by the invention comprises a center rod, a liquid channel starting module, an outer cylinder, an outer cylinder unlocking module, a shunt module, a core barrel connecting module and a drill bit, and the center rod starts through the liquid channel from back to front
  • the module, the outer cylinder unlocking module, the shunt module and the core barrel are connected to the inner cavity of the module, the liquid channel starting module is behind the outer cylinder, the liquid channel starting module is connected to the outer cylinder unlocking module, the shunt module is in front of the outer cylinder unlocking module, and the shunt module is connected to the hydraulic
  • the outer cylinder of the motor includes a driving section, and the driving section is a rotor of a hydraulic motor.
  • a centralizer is fixed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder, and a drill bit is connected to the front end of the outer cylinder.
  • the centralizer includes a plurality of centralizing blocks, and the plurality of centralizing blocks are uniformly fixed to the outer wall of the outer cylinder along the circumference. Radius, the distance from all the centralizing blocks to the rear end of the outer cylinder is equal, the thickness of all the centralizing blocks is the same, and the material of the centralizing blocks is copper.
  • the outer cylinder is provided with a driving fluid outlet, the driving fluid outlet is in front of the driving section, the centralizer is in front of the driving section, and the centralizer is behind the driving liquid outlet.
  • the core barrel connecting module includes a core tube connecting tube, a core ring bearing and a bearing inner ring, a center rod passes through the core tube connecting tube, core ring bearing and bearing inner ring, and the front end of the core tube connecting tube is connected to the core tube ,
  • the inner ring of the bearing is in the core tube connecting tube
  • the core ring bearing is connected to the inner wall of the outer tube
  • the inner diameter of the core ring bearing is greater than the outer diameter of the core tube connecting tube and the core tube
  • the inner wall of the core ring bearing has a ball groove A
  • the connecting tube has a ball hole A and a ball groove B.
  • the ball groove B is on the inner wall of the core tube connecting tube.
  • the ball hole A is in front of the ball groove B.
  • the bearing inner ring has a ball hole B and a ball groove C.
  • the ball groove C is The outer wall of the inner ring of the bearing, the ball hole B is behind the ball groove C, the ball hole A has a ball A, the diameter of the ball A is greater than the depth of the ball hole A, the ball hole B has the ball B, the diameter of the ball B is greater than the depth of the ball hole B, the The outer wall of the center rod has a ball groove D and an inner ring stop step in order from the back to the front.
  • the outer diameter of the inner ring stop step is larger than the inner diameter of the bearing inner ring, the outer ring stop step outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the core tube connecting tube, the inner ring stop
  • the distance between the step and the ball groove D is equal to the distance between the front end of the bearing inner ring and the ball hole B, drill
  • the ball A is in the ball hole A and the ball groove A
  • the ball B is in the ball hole B and the ball groove B
  • the core tube connecting pipe is connected to the core ring bearing through the ball A
  • the core tube connecting pipe is connected to the bearing through the ball B
  • the core tube connecting pipe is connected to the bearing inner ring through the ball A
  • the bearing inner ring is through the ball B Connect with the center rod.
  • the liquid channel start module includes a lock body, a lock lever, and a start shear pin
  • the lock lever is in the lock body
  • the lock lever and the lock body are connected by a start shear pin
  • the center rod is in the lock lever
  • the lock body includes a seal Section A
  • the locking rod includes a sealing section B
  • the sealing section A is in sealing cooperation with the sealing section B
  • the sealing section B is in sealing cooperation with the center rod
  • the hole A and the outflow hole A communicate with the liquid channel A.
  • the outflow hole A is behind the sealing section B.
  • the liquid passage B is in front of the sealing section A.
  • the outlet A outlet At the sealing section A the front end of the liquid passage A is sealed, and after the shear pin is started to cut, the locking rod moves forward, the outlet of the outflow hole A is located in front of the sealing section A, and the liquid passage A and the liquid passage B communicate through the outflow hole A.
  • the outer cylinder unlocking module includes a connecting pipe and a locking pin, the rear end of the connecting pipe is connected to the lock body, the rear end of the locking pin is connected to the locking rod, the center rod passes through the inner cavity of the locking pin, the locking pin is in the connecting pipe, and connected
  • the outer diameter of the front section of the tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer barrel
  • the side wall of the front section of the connecting pipe has an unlocking hole
  • the outer wall of the lock pin has a groove A
  • the inner wall of the outer barrel has a groove B
  • the length of the pin is greater than the depth of the unlocking hole
  • the pin In the unlocking hole the outer end of the pin is chamfered and / or the side of the groove B is a bevel
  • the width of the groove A is not less than the width of the inner end of the pin
  • the width of the groove B is not less than the width of the outer end of the pin
  • the shear pin is activated Before cutting, the front end of
  • the lock lever drives the lock pin forward.
  • the unlocking hole is directly opposite to the groove A, the inner end of the pin is embedded in the groove A, and the distance from the inner end surface of the pin to the inner wall of the outer cylinder is greater than the length of the pin.
  • the shunt module includes a valve housing, a lock housing and a trigger mechanism, the central rod passes through the inner cavity of the valve housing, the valve housing is inside the lock housing, and the valve housing includes a sealing section C and a diversion section from back to front ,
  • the lock housing includes an inflow section B and an outflow section B from back to front, there is a liquid channel D between the center rod and the inflow section B, a liquid channel E between the outer wall of the center rod and the inner wall of the valve housing, and the rear end of the liquid channel D communicates with the liquid Channel B, the channel E communicates with the channel D, the channel E communicates with the cooling hole of the front drill, the inner diameter of the inflow section B is greater than the outer diameter of the sealing section C, the outer diameter of the sealing section C is greater than the outer diameter of the diversion section, the The inner diameter of the outflow section B is equal to the outer diameter of the sealing section C.
  • the outflow section B has an outflow hole B.
  • the outlet of the outflow hole B is connected to the liquid passage of the hydraulic motor.
  • the front end of the sealing section C is in the inflow section B.
  • the liquid passage D and the outflow hole B is connected.
  • the sealing section C and the outflow section B are tightly matched, and the liquid channel D is separated from the outflow hole B.
  • valve housing further includes a locking section A, which is connected to the front end of the diversion section
  • lock housing further includes a locking section B, which is connected to the front end of the outflow section B.
  • a safety gear is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
  • the trigger mechanism includes a locking sleeve, a fixing ring, and a safety gear.
  • the lock housing passes through the inner cavity of the locking sleeve.
  • the locking section A has a locking slot A on the outer wall.
  • the locking section B has a locking hole A and a locking hole B, the locking hole B is in front of the locking hole A, the locking hole A and the locking hole B are through holes, the locking hole A and the locking hole B have the same size, There are locking balls in the locking hole A and the locking hole B, the diameter of the locking ball is greater than the depth of the locking hole A, the locking sleeve includes the impact section and the locking section C from the back to the front, and the inner wall of the locking section C has a lock The locking groove B and the locking groove C.
  • the locking groove C is in front of the locking groove B.
  • the distance between the locking groove B and the locking groove C is equal to the distance between the locking hole A and the locking hole B.
  • the fixing ring is fixed on the outer wall of the locking section B, the fixing ring is behind the locking hole A, the inner diameter of the impact section is larger than the outer diameter of the fixing ring, the locking section C is in front of the fixing ring, and the safety gear includes the clamping part and the extrusion from back to front Extrusion Department
  • the inner diameter of the end face is smaller than the outer diameter of the impact section, the inner diameter of the extruded part is not smaller than the outer diameter of the fixed ring, the inner diameter of the front end surface of the clamping part is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end surface of the fixed ring,
  • the central rod has a limited position, and the limiting portion is within the locking section
  • the position is in front of the locking section A, the outer wall of the limiting portion has a locking groove D, the locking groove D is in front of the locking groove A, the inner portion of the limiting portion has a liquid channel F, and the liquid channel E passes through the liquid channel F and the front
  • the cooling holes of the drill are
  • the distance of the rear end of the outflow hole B is greater than the axial distance from the center of the locking hole A to the center of the locking groove A after drilling is stopped.
  • the axial distance from the center of the locking hole A to the center of the locking groove A after drilling is stopped is greater than before the drilling stop.
  • the connecting pipe includes a pressure relief section and a choke section from the back to the front.
  • the lock pin is tightly matched with the choke section.
  • the inner diameter of the choke section is smaller than that of the pressure relief section.
  • the pressure relief section has a pressure relief hole, and the pressure relief hole is a through hole.
  • the shear plunger is connected to the lock body through the end shear pin.
  • the shear plunger includes the shear section and The recoil section, the outer wall of the shear section and the inner wall of the lock body are sealed and matched.
  • the outer diameter of the recoil section is equal to the inner diameter of the front part of the pressure relief hole of the pressure relief section. Before drilling is stopped, the front end of the recoil section is in front of the front end of the pressure relief hole. The front part of the pressure relief hole of the pressure relief section is sealed and fitted.
  • the front liquid backflow impacts the front end of the shear plunger, the shear plunger moves backward, the front end of the recoil section is behind the front end of the pressure relief hole, and the liquid channel B and the pressure relief hole Connected.
  • outer wall of the locking rod and the inner wall of the lock have mutually matching limiting steps.
  • the lock nut is behind the lock body, the lock nut penetrates back and forth, the center rod passes through the inner cavity of the lock nut, the front end of the lock nut is threaded with the rear end of the lock body, and the shear pin is started to pass through At the rear thread of the lock body.
  • the lock nut includes a fixed section and a threaded section, the outer diameter of the rear of the lock rod step is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed section, the inner diameter of the fixed section is smaller than the outer diameter of the step of the lock rod, and the threaded section is connected to the rear end of the lock body.
  • the lock nut has a fixing hole A opened in the axial direction, the fixing hole A is a through hole, a fixing hole B at the rear end surface of the lock body, the fixing hole B is a blind hole, and the fixing hole A and the fixing hole B are paired, It also includes a fixing screw, the length of the fixing screw is greater than the depth of the fixing hole A, the fixing screw is in the fixing hole A, and the front end of the fixing screw is inserted into the fixing hole B through the fixing hole A.
  • the centralizer puts the drilling structure vertically in the dental drill.
  • the external side of the centralizer contacts the internal wall of the dental drill.
  • the hydraulic motor drives the outer cylinder to rotate
  • the external side of the centralizer rubs against the internal wall of the dental drill.
  • Contact with the inner wall of the dental drill reduces the friction surface and prevents the outer cylinder from wearing.
  • the centralizer can be replaced after being worn out, extending the service life of the drilling structure;
  • the lock rod moves forward to drive the lock pin forward, so that the groove A and the unlocking hole are directly opposed, the outer cylinder itself gravity forward, the contact surface of the groove B and the outer end of the pin is a slope, and the pin is squeezed into the groove A Inner, release the constraint of the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is connected to the drill bit and other working parts, and the drill bit moves forward;
  • the locking ball is in the locking hole A and the locking groove A, so that the valve housing is locked, and the liquid channel D is communicated with the liquid channel of the front hydraulic motor through the outflow hole B, and the outer cylinder moves forward to
  • the outer cylinder drives the safety gear to strike the locking sleeve, so that the locking sleeve moves forward.
  • the locking slot B and the locking hole A face each other.
  • the radial constraint of the locking ball is released, and the liquid hits the rear end of the valve housing.
  • the tight ball is squeezed into the locking groove B, the valve housing moves forward, the sealing section C separates the liquid channel D from the outflow hole B, and stops supplying energy to the front hydraulic motor.
  • the hydraulic motor stops, because the liquid channel D is blocked Break, liquid backflow, flow back to channel B, recoil shear plunger front end, shear plunger receives backward force, shear plunger moves backward, front end of recoil section moves behind pressure relief hole, fluid passage B communicates with the outside through the pressure relief hole, and the liquid is discharged from the pressure relief hole.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram when the drilling mechanism of the dental drill and the core drilling machine is interlocked
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the A-B plane
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the latch
  • Figure 5 is the position diagram of the centralizer
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic motor
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder unlocking module before starting
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram before the shunt module stops drilling
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram after the shunt module stops drilling
  • 13 is a schematic diagram of the core barrel connection module when pulling
  • the core drill includes a dental drill 5 and a core drilling machine drilling mechanism, the dental drill 5 is hollow, the core drilling machine drilling mechanism is inside the dental drill 5, the outer wall of the core drilling machine drilling mechanism and the dental drill 5 Internal wall sliding fit, the dental drill 5 includes a first drill pipe 51, a second drill pipe 52 and a third drill pipe 53 from back to front, the first drill pipe 51 is detachably connected to the second drill pipe 52, the second drill pipe 52 and the third drill pipe 53 are detachably connected, the front end of the first drill pipe 51 is a male head, the rear end of the second drill pipe 52 is a female head, and the front end is a male head, and the rear end of the third drill pipe 53 is a female head, the second The inner wall of the drill pipe 52 has a locking groove 57.
  • the locking groove 57 is provided along the axial direction.
  • the locking groove 57 penetrates the front and rear ends of the second drill pipe 52.
  • the two locking grooves 57 face each
  • the outer wall of the drilling mechanism of the core drilling rig has a latch slot 56 with two latch slots 56 facing each other.
  • the latch slot 56 is arranged along the axial direction, and the latch slot 56 has a latch 55
  • a pin shaft 58 is connected between the two side walls of the latch groove 56, the pin shaft 58 is a positioning pin, the latch 55 has a latch hole 555, the latch hole 555 is a through hole, the latch hole 555 is adapted to the pin shaft 58, the pin
  • the shaft 58 passes through the latch hole 555, and the latch 55 rotatably cooperates with the pin shaft 58.
  • the distance from the latch hole 555 to the rear end of the latch 55 is greater than the distance from the latch hole 555 to the front end of the latch 55, and the inner side of the latch 55 has a spring
  • the hole 59, the spring hole 59 is a round hole, the spring hole 59 is a blind hole, the distance from the spring hole 59 to the rear end of the latch 55 is less than the distance from the spring hole 59 to the front end of the latch 55, the bottom of the groove of the latch groove 56 has a spring hole 59
  • the spring 54 is installed in the spring hole 59 and the recess. The spring 54 is in contact with the outer wall of the drilling mechanism of the core drilling machine and the latch 55. When the spring 54 springs up, the latch 55 is partially embedded in the locking groove 57.
  • the outer side of the latch 55 includes the axial surface 554 of the latch, the first inclined surface 552 of the latch and the second inclined surface 553 of the latch, the rear end of the first inclined surface 552 of the latch is connected to the rear end surface 551 of the latch, and the front end of the first inclined surface 552 of the latch Connected to the rear end of the second inclined surface 553 of the latch, the front end of the second inclined surface 553 of the latch is connected to the rear end of the axial surface 554 of the latch, the front end of the axial surface 554 of the latch is connected to the front surface of the latch, the rear surface 551 of the latch is flat, the lock
  • the front end surface of the latch is a curved surface
  • the spring hole 59 and the recess are within the projection range of the second inclined surface 553 of the latch toward the inner side of the latch 55, the distance from the center of the latch hole 555 to the inner and outer sides of the latch 55 is equal, the lock
  • the total length of the latch 55 is 131 mm,
  • the drilling mechanism of the core drilling rig moves from the back to the front.
  • the latch 55 pops up, and the core drilling rig drilling mechanism is engaged with the dental drill 5, the left and right sides of the latch 55
  • the wall cooperates with the locking groove 57 to restrict the circumferential movement of the rear end of the drilling mechanism of the core drilling rig, the axial surface 554 of the latch is inclined, and is engaged with the inner wall of the rear end of the third drilling tube 53 to restrict the forward movement of the drilling mechanism of the core drilling rig .
  • the drilling mechanism of the core drilling rig includes a center rod 14, a liquid channel starting module, an outer cylinder 23, an outer cylinder unlocking module, a shunt module, a core barrel connecting module and a drill bit 8, and the center rod 14 passes through the liquid channel starting module from back to front 3.
  • the inner cavity of the outer cylinder unlocking module, the diversion module and the core barrel connection module, the fluid channel activation module is behind the outer cylinder 23, the fluid channel activation module is connected to the outer cylinder unlocking module, the diversion module is in front of the outer cylinder unlocking module, and the hydraulic pressure is connected to the front of the diversion module
  • the motor 7 and the outer cylinder 23 include a driving section 73.
  • the driving section 73 is a rotor of the hydraulic motor 7.
  • the central wall of the outer cylinder 23 is fixedly attached with a centralizer.
  • the outer cylinder 23 has a driving fluid outlet 72, and the driving fluid outlet 72 is in front of the driving segment 73.
  • the centralizer is in front of the driving section 73, the centralizer is behind the driving fluid outlet 72, the front end of the outer cylinder 23 is connected to the drill bit 8, the centralizer includes a plurality of centralizing blocks 71, the plurality of centralizing blocks 71 are uniformly fixed on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 23 along the circumference, There is a gap between two adjacent centralizing blocks 71.
  • the arc of the outer side of centralizing block 71 is the same as the arc of the outer wall of outer cylinder 23.
  • the distance from the outside of centralizing block 71 to the axis of outer cylinder 23 is greater than the radius of outer cylinder 23, and all centralizing blocks 71 to outer cylinder 23 Rear distance
  • the centering block 71 is made of copper.
  • the centering block 71 is in contact with the inner wall of the dental drill 5.
  • the drilling mechanism of the core drilling rig is straightened and the hydraulic motor 7 is started.
  • the outer surface of the centering block 71 rubs against the inner wall of the dental drill 5, the other parts of the outer cylinder 23 do not contact the inner wall of the dental drill 5, the friction surface is small, which not only reduces the system friction, reduces energy loss, but also protects the outer wall 23 Partially protected from friction and damage.
  • the liquid channel starting module includes a lock body 11, a locking rod 12, a starting shear pin 13, and a center rod 14, the lock body 11 penetrates forward and backward, the latch groove 56 is on the outer wall of the lock body 11, and the lock body 11 is on the outer diameter of the rear part of the latch groove 56 The outer diameter of the lock body 11 in front of the latch groove 56 is smaller than that of the lock body 11.
  • the lock body 11 is the locking section 111, the sealing section A112 and the liquid passage section 113 in order from the rear to the front.
  • the pin hole is a through hole, the length of the start shear pin 13 is greater than the depth of the start shear pin hole, the lock lever 12 penetrates back and forth, the lock lever 12 is in the lock body 11, the lock lever 12 is the connecting section 121, the outflow section A122, and the back section
  • the sealing section B123 and the inflow section A124, the connecting section 121 is screwed to the outflow section A122, the sealing section B123 and the inflow section A124 are welded, the outer wall of the connecting section 121 has a starting shear pin groove, the starting shear pin groove is an annular groove, and the starting shear pin 13 is at In the starting shear pin hole and the starting shear pin groove, the outflow section A122 has an outflow hole A1221 on the side wall, the inflow section A124 has an inflow hole 1241 on the side wall, the outflow hole A1221 is inclined forward from inside to outside, and there are multiple outflow holes A1221.
  • Outflow holes A1221 are evenly distributed along the circumference at the same axial position, and inflow holes 1241 Multiple, inflow holes 1241 are distributed on different sides, the inner diameter of the locking section 111 is larger than the inner diameter of the sealing section A112, the outer wall of the connecting section 121 has a step, the outer diameter of the step is larger than the inner diameter of the sealing section A112, the outer diameter of the front of the connecting section 121 is equal to the inner diameter of the sealing section A112 ,
  • the starting shear pin groove is on the outer wall of the step, the center rod 14 is in the locking rod 12, the sealing section A112 is in sealing cooperation with the sealing section B123, the inner diameter of the liquid passage section 113 is larger than the outer diameter of the locking rod 12, the connecting section 121, the outflow section A122 and the inflow section
  • the inner diameter of A124 is greater than the outer diameter of the center rod 14, the sealing section B123 is in sealing fit with the center rod 14, the axial distance from the front end of the sealing section A112 to the rear
  • the lock lever 12 moves forward, the start shear pin 13 is cut off, the start shear pin head is in the start shear pin hole, the start shear pin tail is in the start shear pin slot, and the start shear pin
  • the head includes a big head and a small head, with the big head facing outward, the outer diameter of the big head is greater than the outer diameter of the small head, the starting shear pin hole includes the outer section and the inner section, the outer diameter of the outer section is not less than the outer diameter of the big head of the starting shear pin, and the inner section is not smaller than the starting
  • the outer diameter of the small head of the shear pin head, the inner diameter of the inner section is smaller than the outer diameter of the large head, the depth of the outer section is not less than the length of the large head, the sum of the length of the small head and the tail of the starting shear pin is greater than the depth of the inner section;
  • the outer cylinder unlocking module includes a connecting tube 21 and a locking pin 22.
  • the rear end of the connecting tube 21 is screwed to the lock body 11, the rear end of the locking pin 22 is screwed to the locking rod 12, and the center rod 14 is threaded
  • the outer diameter of the central rod 14 is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking pin 22, the central rod 14, the connecting tube 21, the outer cylinder 23 and the locking pin 22 are coaxial, the locking pin 22 is inside the connecting tube 21, and the outer side of the connecting tube 21 is outside
  • the diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 23, the side wall of the front section of the connecting tube 21 has unlocking holes, and there are multiple unlocking holes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference at the same axial position, the outer wall of the lock pin 22 has a groove A221, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 23 There is a groove B231, groove A221 and groove B231 are both annular grooves, and also includes a pin 24, the length
  • the connecting pipe 21 includes a connecting section 211, a pressure relief section 212 and a choke section 213 from the rear to the front, the outer diameter of the lock pin 22 is equal to the inner diameter of the choke section 213, the inner diameter of the choke section 213 is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure relief section 212, and the pressure relief section 212
  • There is a pressure relief hole 2121 the pressure relief hole 2121 is a through hole, and the inner wall of the lock body 11 is radially opened with an end shear pin hole, and the end shear pin hole has an end shear pin 25 whose length is greater than the depth of the end shear pin hole
  • the outer wall is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the lock body 11.
  • the inner wall of the lock body 11 is provided with a sealing groove B.
  • the sealing groove B has a sealing ring.
  • the sealing groove B is in front of the end of the pin shear hole.
  • the outer diameter of the recoil section 262 is equal to the pressure relief section 212.
  • the inner diameter of the front part of the hole 2121, a sealing groove A is formed on the outer wall of the recoil section 262, a sealing ring is provided in the sealing groove A, an end shear pin groove is formed on the outer wall of the shear section 261, and a diversion groove is formed on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 21 Directly in front of the pressure relief hole 2121, the diversion groove is axially arranged, and the diversion groove is in communication with the pressure relief hole 2121.
  • the front end of the recoil section 262 is in front of the pressure relief hole 2121 In front of the end, the recoil section 262 and the pressure relief section 212 are in front of the pressure relief hole 2121.
  • the inner end of the shear pin 25 is inserted into the end shear groove.
  • the front end of the recoil section 262 is behind the front end of the pressure relief hole 2121. , The end of the shear pin 25 is cut off.
  • the shunt module includes a valve housing 31, a lock housing 32, a locking sleeve 33 and a fixing ring 35, a center rod 14, a valve housing 31, a lock housing 32, a locking sleeve 33, a fixing ring 35 is coaxial with the outer cylinder 23, the central rod 14 passes through the inner cavity of the valve housing 31, the valve housing 31 is inside the lock housing 32, the lock housing 32 passes through the inner cavity of the locking sleeve 33, and the valve housing 31 is from back to front Including the sealing section C311, the diversion section 312 and the locking section A313, the locking section A313 has a locking groove A3131 on the outer wall, the locking groove A3131 is an annular groove, and the lock housing 32 includes an inflow section B321 and an outflow section B322 from back to front And the locking section B323, the inner diameter of the inflow section B322 is greater than the outer diameter of the sealing section C311, the outer diameter of the sealing section C3
  • the inner diameter of the front end surface of the pressing portion 2322 is smaller than The outer diameter of the impact section 331, the inner diameter of the pressing portion 2322 is not less than the outer diameter of the fixing ring 35, the inner diameter of the front end surface of the clamping portion 2321 is smaller than the outer diameter of the rear end surface of the fixing ring 35, the limiting portion 36 of the center rod 14 is locked, and the limiting portion 36 is locked
  • segment B323 the limiting portion 36 is in front of the locking segment A313, and the outer wall of the limiting portion 36 has a locking groove D361, the locking groove D361 is an annular groove, the locking groove D361 is in front of the locking groove A3131, the limiting portion 36
  • the gap between the outer wall and the inner wall of the lock housing 32 is less than the thickness of the front end of the locking section A313.
  • the axial distance from the front end surface of the clamping portion 2321 to the front end surface of the pressing portion 2322 is equal to the center of the locking hole A3231 before drilling stop to the center of the locking groove B3321 Axial distance, the distance from the rear end of the sealing section C311 to the back end of the outflow hole B3221 before drilling stop is greater than the axial distance from the center of the locking hole A3231 to the center of the locking groove A3131 after drilling stop, and the locking hole A3231 to the center
  • the axial distance of the center of the locking groove A3131 is greater than the distance from the front end of the sealing section C311 to the front end of the outflow hole B3221 before drilling stop.
  • the lock housing 32 and the valve housing 31 are locked or unlocked by the locking ball 34 in the locking hole A3231.
  • the lock housing 32 and the lock sleeve 33 are locked or released by the lock ball 34 in the lock hole A3231
  • the lock housing 32 and the center rod 14 are locked or unlocked by the lock ball 34 in the lock hole B3232, and also include a snap ring 37, the outer diameter of the snap ring 37 is larger than the inner diameter of the fixed ring 35, and the inner diameter of the snap ring 37 is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed ring 35 ,
  • the snap ring 37 is embedded in the snap groove of the outer wall of the locking section B323, the fixing ring 35 is snapped between the rear end of the snap ring 37 and the front end of the outflow section B322, the front end of the locking section C332 is supported by a spring, and before locking the drill, the lock housing 32 Locked with the valve housing 31 to keep the fluid passage open.
  • the outer cylinder 23 has a built-in safety gear 232.
  • the outer cylinder 23 drives the safety gear 232 to strike the locking sleeve 33, so that the locking hole A3231
  • the locking ball 34 moves outward to release the restriction on the valve housing 31.
  • the valve housing 31 moves forward to close the liquid flow path and stop drilling.
  • the locking groove D361, the locking hole B3232 and the locking groove C3322 are directly opposite Then, the locking ball 34 in the locking hole B3232 moves outward to release the constraint on the center rod 14.
  • the inner wall of the connecting section 121, the inner wall of the outflow section A122, the rear end surface of the sealing section B123 and the outer wall of the center rod 14 form a liquid passage A41
  • the inner wall of the lock body 11 and the outer wall of the lock rod 12 form a liquid passage B42
  • the inner wall of the lock rod 12 and the outer section of the center rod 14 The wall surrounds the liquid channel C43, the inner wall of the lock pin 22 and the outer wall of the center rod 14 form a liquid channel D44
  • the liquid channel E45 is provided between the outer wall of the center rod 14 and the inner wall of the valve housing 31, and the liquid channel F46 is opened in the limiting portion 36.
  • the fluid channel B42 and the fluid channel C43 communicate through the inflow hole 1241, the fluid channel C43 communicates with the fluid channel D44, the fluid channel E45 rear communicates with the fluid channel D44, the fluid channel E45 communicates with the fluid channel F46, and the fluid channel A41 communicates with the liquid supply equipment behind In front, the outflow hole B3221 communicates with the liquid passage 74 of the hydraulic motor 7, and the liquid passage F46 communicates with the cooling hole of the front bit 8.
  • the core barrel connecting module includes a core tube stop head 61, a core tube connecting tube 62, a core ring bearing 63 and a bearing inner ring 64, and the center rod 14 passes through the core tube stop head coaxially 61.
  • the core ring bearing 63 is connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 23, the inner diameter of the core ring bearing 63 is larger than the outer diameter of the core tube connecting tube 62 and the core tube 65, the inner wall of the core ring bearing 63 has a ball groove A631, and the core tube connecting tube 62 has a ball hole A621 and the ball groove B622, the ball groove B622 is on the inner wall of the
  • the outer wall of the center rod 14 has a ball groove D661, an inner ring stop step 662 and a connecting tube stop step 663 in order from the back to the front.
  • the outer diameter of the inner ring stop step 662 is larger than the bearing inner ring 64 inner diameter
  • the outer diameter of the inner ring stop step 662 is smaller than the inner diameter of the core tube connecting tube 62
  • the outer diameter of the connecting tube stop step 663 is larger than the inner diameter of the core tube connecting tube 62
  • the outer diameter of the connecting tube stop step 663 is smaller than the inner diameter of the core tube 65
  • the distance between the inner ring stop step 662 and the ball groove D661 is equal to the distance between the front end of the bearing inner ring 64 and the ball hole B641.
  • the ball A6221 is in the ball hole A621 and the ball groove A631, and the ball B6411 is in the ball hole B641
  • the core tube connecting pipe 62 is connected to the core ring bearing 63 through the ball A6211
  • the core tube connecting pipe 62 is connected to the bearing inner ring 64 through the ball B6411
  • the rear hydraulic motor 7 causes the outer cylinder 23 to rotate while moving forward.
  • the core barrel 65 moves forward with the outer barrel 23, but does not rotate with the outer barrel 23.
  • the bearing inner ring 64 stops moving forward, and the ball hole B641, ball groove B622 and ball
  • the ball B6411 rolls in from the ball groove B622
  • the bearing inner ring 64 is locked with the center rod 14
  • the bearing inner ring 64 is unconstrained from the core tube connecting tube 62
  • the core tube connecting tube 62 continues to move forward
  • the front end of the core tube connecting tube 62 abuts the connecting tube stop step 663 After that, the core tube connecting tube 62 stops moving forward.
  • the latch 55 connected to the outer wall of the lock body 11 is locked with the dental drill 5, so that the drilling mechanism of the core drilling machine is fixed above, and the drilling mechanism of the core drilling machine is driven by the rear mud pump Energized start, before starting, the start shear pin 13 is inserted into the start shear pin slot through the start shear pin hole, the locking rod 12 is fixed in the lock body 11 through the start shear pin 13, and the outer wall of the outflow hole A1221 opens to the shaft of the rear end of the lock body 11 The distance is smaller than the axial distance between the rear end of the liquid passage section 113 and the rear end of the lock body 11, the opening of the outer wall of the outflow hole A1221 is closed by the sealing section A112, the liquid cannot flow forward, the front end of the connecting tube 21 is in the outer cylinder 23, and the pin 24 is in the groove In front of A221, the inner end surface of the pin 24 slidingly cooperates with the outer wall of the lock pin 22, the outer end of the pin
  • the groove B231 and the pin 22 The contact surface is an inclined surface, and the groove B231 squeezes the inclined surface of the pin 24.
  • the pin 24 is withdrawn from the groove B231 and pressed into the groove A221 to release the restriction of the outer cylinder 23, and the outer cylinder 23 drives the working parts connected forward mobile.
  • the outer cylinder 23 includes a driving section 73, which is the rotor of the hydraulic motor 7.
  • the front end of the outer cylinder 23 is connected to the drill bit 8.
  • the centralizer connected to the outer wall of the outer cylinder 23 is in contact with the inner wall of the dental drill 5, so that the outer cylinder 23 is straightened vertically.
  • the outer cylinder 23 moves from back to front, and the liquid flows into the liquid channel D44 through the liquid channel A41, the liquid channel B42, and the liquid channel C43, and the liquid channel D44 communicates with the liquid channel 74 of the front hydraulic motor 7 through the outflow hole B3221, and the liquid channel D44
  • the locking ball 34 in the locking groove A3131 and the locking hole A3231 restricts the valve housing 31 from moving forward, and the outer cylinder 23 drives the safety gear 232 to move forward
  • the safety gear 232 hits the locking sleeve 33, so that the locking groove B and the locking hole A are directly opposite, and the liquid in the liquid passage D44 impacts the rear end of the valve housing 31, squeezing and locking
  • the ball 34 enters the locking groove B, the valve housing 31 is unconstrained and moves forward, the sealing section C311 moves into the outflow section B322, blocks the passage between the

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Abstract

本发明公开一种取芯钻机钻取机构，包括中心杆、液道启动模块、外筒、外筒解锁模块、分流模块和钻头，中心杆由后至前穿过液道启动模块、外筒解锁模块和分流模块内腔，液道启动模块在外筒后方，液道启动模块与外筒解锁模块相连，分流模块在外筒解锁模块前方，分流模块前方连接液压马达，外筒包括驱动段，驱动段为液压马达转子，所述外筒外壁固连有扶正器，所述外筒前端连接钻头。本发明提供的取芯钻机钻取机构，可与地面设备配合控制取芯钻机井下设备按取芯步骤工作，保持竖向钻取，转动部分与外侧牙钻摩擦小。

Description

取芯钻机钻取机构 技术领域
本发明涉及钻井取芯系统，尤其涉及一种取芯钻机钻取机构。
背景技术
在油田勘探过程中，岩芯是发现油气层和研究地层、生油层、储油层、盖层、构造等的重要资料，通过对岩芯的观察研究，可以直接地了解地下岩层的岩性、物性和含油、气、水产状特征。油田投入开发后，要通过岩芯进一步研究和认识油层沉积特征，储层的物性、孔隙结构、润湿性、相对渗透率、岩相特征，油层物理模拟和油层水淹规律；认识和掌握不同开发阶段、不同含水阶段油层水淹特征，搞清剩余油分布，为油田开发方案设计，层系、井网调整和加密井提供科学依据。
取岩芯是在钻井过程中使用特殊的取芯工具把地下岩石成块地取到地面上来，这种成块的岩石叫做岩芯，通过它可以测定岩石的各种性质，直观地研究地下构造和岩石沉积环境，了解其中的流体性质等。在矿产勘探和开发过程中，需要按地质设计的地层层位和深度，开展钻进工作，向井内下入取芯工具，钻取出的岩石样品。
井下温度高，电气设备无法使用，需采用机械结构来控制钻机设备的各步骤工作。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种取芯钻机钻取机构，可与地面设备配合控制取芯钻机井下设备按取芯步骤工作，保持竖向钻取，转动部分与外侧牙钻摩擦小。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
本发明公开的取芯钻机钻取机构，包括中心杆、液道启动模块、外筒、外筒解锁模块、分流模块、取芯筒连接模块和钻头,中心杆由后至前穿过液道启动模块、外筒解锁模块、分流模块和取芯筒连接模块内腔，液道启动模块在外筒后方，液道启动模块与外筒解锁模块相连，分流模块在外筒解锁模块前方，分流模块前方连接液压马达，外筒包括驱动段，驱动段为液压马达的转子，所述外筒外壁固连有扶正器，所述外筒前端连接钻头。
进一步的，所述扶正器包括多个扶正块，多个扶正块沿圆周均匀固定于外筒外壁，扶正块外侧面弧度与和外筒外壁相同，扶正块外侧到外筒轴线的距离大于外筒半径，所有扶正块到外筒后端的距离相等，所有扶正块厚度相同，所述扶正块材质为铜。
进一步的，所述外筒开有驱动液出口，驱动液出口在驱动段前方，所述扶正器在驱动段前方，扶正器在驱动液出口后方。
进一步的，所述取芯筒连接模块包括芯管连管、芯环轴承和轴承内圈，中心杆穿过芯管连管、芯环轴承和轴承内圈，芯管连管前端连接取芯筒，轴承内圈在芯管连管内，所述芯环轴承与外筒内壁连接，芯环轴承内径大于芯管连管和取芯筒外径，所述芯环轴承内壁有滚珠槽A，芯管连管开有滚珠孔A和滚珠槽B，滚珠槽B在芯管连管内壁，滚珠孔A在滚珠槽B前方，所述轴承内圈开有滚珠孔B和滚珠槽C，滚珠槽C在轴承内圈外壁，滚珠孔B在滚珠槽C后方，滚珠孔A内有滚珠A，滚珠A直径大于滚珠孔A深度，滚珠孔B内有滚珠B，滚珠B直径大于滚珠孔B深度，所述中心杆外壁有由后至前依次有滚珠槽D和内圈止位台阶，内圈止位台阶外径大于轴承内圈内径，内圈止位台阶外径小于芯管连管内径，内圈止位台阶与滚珠槽D之间的距离等于轴承内圈前端与滚珠孔B之间的距离，钻井时，滚珠A在滚珠孔A和 滚珠槽A内，滚珠B在滚珠孔B和滚珠槽B内，芯管连管通过滚珠A与芯环轴承连接，芯管连管通过滚珠B与轴承内圈连接，提拉时，滚珠A在滚珠孔A和滚珠槽C内，滚珠B在滚珠孔B和滚珠槽D内，芯管连管通过滚珠A与轴承内圈连接，轴承内圈通过滚珠B与中心杆连接。
进一步的，所述液道启动模块包括锁体、锁定杆、启动剪销，锁定杆在锁体内，锁定杆和锁体通过启动剪销连接，所述中心杆在锁定杆内，锁体包括密封段A，锁定杆包括密封段B，所述密封段A与密封段B密封配合，所述密封段B与中心杆密封配合，中心杆与锁定杆之间有液道A，锁定杆开有流出孔A，流出孔A连通液道A，流出孔A在密封段B后方，锁体与锁定杆间有液道B，液道B在密封段A前方，启动剪销剪断前，流出孔A出口在密封段A处，液道A前端密封，启动剪销剪断后，锁定杆前移，流出孔A出口位于密封段A前方，液道A与液道B通过流出孔A连通。
进一步的，所述外筒解锁模块包括连接管和锁销，连接管后端与锁体连接，锁销后端与锁定杆连接，中心杆穿过锁销内腔，锁销在连接管内，连接管前段外径小于外筒内径，连接管前段侧壁有解锁孔，所述锁销外壁有凹槽A，所述外筒内壁有凹槽B，还包括销钉，销钉长度大于解锁孔深度，销钉在解锁孔内，所述销钉外端倒角处理和/或凹槽B侧面为斜面，凹槽A的宽度不小于销钉内端宽度，凹槽B的宽度不小于销钉外端宽度，启动剪销剪断前，连接管前端在外筒内，销钉在凹槽A前方，销钉内端面与锁销外壁滑动配合，销钉外端嵌入凹槽B内，启动剪销剪断后，锁定杆带动锁销前移，解锁孔与凹槽A正对，销钉内端嵌入凹槽A内，销钉内端面到外筒内壁的距离大于销钉长度。
进一步的，所述分流模块包括阀门壳体、锁外壳和触发机构，中心杆穿 过阀门壳体内腔，阀门壳体在锁外壳内，阀门壳体由后至前包括密封段C和导流段，锁外壳由后至前包括流入段B和流出段B，中心杆与流入段B间有液道D，中心杆外壁与阀门壳体内壁之间有液道E，液道D后端连通液道B，液道E与液道D连通，液道E与前方钻头的冷却孔连通，所述流入段B内径大于密封段C外径，密封段C外径大于导流段外径，所述流出段B内径等于密封段C外径，流出段B开有流出孔B，流出孔B出口连通液压马达的液体通道，停钻前，密封段C前端在流入段B，液道D与流出孔B连通，停钻后，密封段C与流出段B密封配合，液道D与流出孔B隔断。
进一步的，所述阀门壳体还包括锁紧段A，锁紧段A与导流段前端连接，所述锁外壳还包括锁紧段B，锁紧段B与流出段B前端相连，所述外筒内壁连有安全齿轮，所述触发机构包括锁紧套、固定环和安全齿轮，锁外壳穿过锁紧套内腔，所述锁紧段A外壁开有锁紧槽A，锁紧段B上有锁紧孔A和锁紧孔B，锁紧孔B在锁紧孔A前方，锁紧孔A和锁紧孔B均为通孔，锁紧孔A和锁紧孔B尺寸相同，锁紧孔A和锁紧孔B内均有锁紧球，锁紧球直径大于锁紧孔A深度，锁紧套由后至前包括冲击段和锁紧段C，锁紧段C内壁有锁紧槽B和锁紧槽C，锁紧槽C在锁紧槽B前方，锁紧槽B与锁紧槽C之间的距离等于锁紧孔A与锁紧孔B之间的距离，所述固定环固定在锁紧段B外壁，固定环在锁紧孔A后方，冲击段内径大于固定环外径，锁紧段C在固定环前方，安全齿轮由后至前包括卡紧部和挤压部，挤压部前端面内径小于冲击段外径，挤压部内径不小于固定环外径，卡紧部前端面内径小于固定环后端面外径，中心杆有限位部，限位部在锁紧段B内，限位部在锁紧段A前方，限位部外壁开有锁紧槽D，锁紧槽D在锁紧槽A前方，限位部内部开有液道F，液道E通过液道F与前方钻头冷却孔连通，卡紧部前端 面到挤压部前端面的轴向距离等于停钻前锁紧孔A孔心到锁紧槽B中心的轴向距离，停钻前密封段C后端到流出孔B后端的距离大于停钻后锁紧孔A孔心到锁紧槽A中心的轴向距离，停钻后锁紧孔A孔心到锁紧槽A中心的轴向距离大于停钻前密封段C前端到流出孔B前端的距离。
进一步的，所述中心杆与锁销和锁定杆之间有液道C，锁定杆侧壁开有流入孔，液道B和液道C通过流入孔连通，液道C与液道D连通，连接管由后至前包括泄压段和阻流段，锁销与阻流段密封配合，阻流段内径小于泄压段内径，泄压段开有泄压孔，泄压孔为通孔，液道B内有剪切柱塞，剪切柱塞内径大于锁销和锁定杆外径，剪切柱塞通过结束剪销与锁体连接，剪切柱塞由后至前包括剪切段和反冲段，剪切段外壁与锁体内壁密封配合，反冲段外径等于泄压段泄压孔前方部分内径，停钻前，反冲段前端在泄压孔前端前方，反冲段与泄压段泄压孔前方部分密封配合，停钻后，前方液体回流冲击剪切柱塞前端，剪切柱塞后移，反冲段前端在泄压孔前端后方，液道B与泄压孔连通。
进一步的，所述锁定杆外壁和锁体内壁有相互配合的限位台阶。
进一步的，还包括锁紧螺母，锁紧螺母在锁体后方，锁紧螺母前后贯通，中心杆穿过锁紧螺母内腔，锁紧螺母前端与锁体后端螺纹连接，启动剪销穿过锁体后端螺纹处。
进一步的，所述锁紧螺母包括固定段和螺纹段，锁定杆台阶后方外径小于固定段内径，固定段内径小于锁定杆台阶处外径，螺纹段内与锁体后端连接。
进一步的，所述锁紧螺母轴向开有固定孔A，所述固定孔A为通孔，锁体后端面有固定孔B，固定孔B为盲孔，固定孔A和固定孔B配对，还包括 固定螺钉，固定螺钉长度大于固定孔A深度，固定螺钉在固定孔A内，固定螺钉前端穿过固定孔A嵌入固定孔B内。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、扶正器使钻取结构竖向正放于牙钻内，扶正器外侧面与牙钻内壁接触，液压马达驱动外筒转动时，扶正器外侧面与牙钻内壁摩擦，外筒其他部分不与牙钻内壁接触，减小了摩擦面，防止外筒的磨损，扶正器磨损后可重新更换，延长了钻取结构的使用寿命；
2、启动前，启动剪销将锁定杆固定在锁体上，流出孔A在密封段A，流出孔A外壁开口被封死，液道隔断，连接管与锁体连接，销钉外端嵌入凹槽B中，将外筒锁定在连接管上，当后方泥浆泵提供的液压达到启动值，冲断启动剪销，锁定杆前移，液体经液道A通过流出孔A进入液道B，再经流入孔流入液道C，流经分流模块，一部分液体经液道D、液道E和液道F到达钻头冷却孔冷却钻头，一部分液体经过液道D通过流出孔B与前方液压马达连通，启动液压马达，锁定杆前移带动锁销前移，使凹槽A与解锁孔正对，外筒自身重力向前，凹槽B与销钉外端接触面为斜面，将销钉挤入凹槽A内，解除对外筒的约束，外筒连接钻头等工作部件，使钻头向前运动；
3、停钻前，锁紧球在锁紧孔A和锁紧槽A内，使阀门壳体锁定，保持液道D通过流出孔B与前方液压马达的液体通道连通，外筒向前移动到停机位置时，外筒带动安全齿轮撞击锁紧套，使锁紧套前移，锁紧槽B与锁紧孔A正对，解除锁紧球径向约束，液体冲击阀门壳体后端，锁紧球被挤压进入锁紧槽B内，阀门壳体前移，密封段C将液道D与流出孔B隔断，停止向前方液压马达供能，液压马达停转，由于液道D被阻断，液体后涌，流回液道B，反冲剪切柱塞前端，剪切柱塞受向后的力，剪切柱塞后移，反冲段前端移到泄压孔后方，液道B通过泄压孔与外部连通，液体从泄压孔排出。
附图说明
图1为本发明示意图；
图2为牙钻和取芯钻机钻取机构联锁时示意图；
图3为A-B面剖视图；
图4为锁闩示意图；
图5为扶正器位置图；
图6为液压马达示意图；
图7为液道启动模块启动后示意图；
图8为外筒解锁模块启动前示意图；
图9为外筒解锁模块停钻后示意图；
图10为分流模块停钻前示意图；
图11为分流模块停钻后示意图；
图12为取芯筒连接模块钻井时示意图；
图13为取芯筒连接模块提拉时示意图；
图中：11-锁体、111-锁定段、112-密封段A、113-液道段、12-锁定杆、121-连接段、122-流出段A、1221-流出孔A、123-密封段B、124-流入段A、1241-流入孔、13-启动剪销、14-中心杆、15-锁紧螺母、151-固定段、152-螺纹段、16-固定螺钉、17-密封钢圈、21-连接管、211-连接段、212-泄压段、2121-泄压孔、213-阻流段、22-锁销、221-凹槽A、23-外筒、231-凹槽B、232-安全齿轮、2321-卡紧部、2322-挤压部、24-销钉、25-结束剪销、26-剪切柱塞、261-剪切段、262-反冲段、31-阀门壳体、311-密封段C、312-导流段、313-锁紧段A、3131-锁紧槽A、32-锁外壳、321-流入段B、322-流出段B、3221-流出孔B、323-锁紧段B、3231-锁紧孔A、3232-锁紧孔B、33-锁紧套、331-冲击段、332-锁紧段C、3321-锁紧槽B、3322-锁紧槽C、34-锁紧球、35-固定环、36-限位部、361-锁紧槽D、37-卡环、41-液道A、42- 液道B、43-液道C、44-液道D、45-液道E、46-液道F、5-牙钻、51-第一钻管、52-第二钻管、53-第三钻管、54-弹簧、55-锁闩、551-锁闩后端面、552-锁闩第一斜面、553-锁闩第二斜面、554-锁闩轴向面、555-锁闩孔、56-锁闩槽、57-锁定槽、58-销轴、59-弹簧孔、61-芯管止动头、62-芯管连管、621-滚珠孔A、6211-滚珠A、622-滚珠槽B、63-芯环轴承、631-滚珠槽A、64-轴承内圈、641-滚珠孔B、6411-滚珠B、642-滚珠槽C、65-取芯筒、661-滚珠槽D、662-内圈止位台阶、663-连管止位台阶、7-液压马达、71-扶正块、72-驱动液出口、73-驱动段、74-液体通道、8-钻头。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
如图1-图7，取芯钻机钻包括牙钻5和取芯钻机钻取机构，牙钻5中空，取芯钻机钻取机构在牙钻5内，取芯钻机钻取机构外壁与牙钻5内壁滑动配合，牙钻5从后到前包括第一钻管51、第二钻管52和第三钻管53，第一钻管51与第二钻管52可拆卸连接，第二钻管52和第三钻管53可拆卸连接，第一钻管51前端为公头，第二钻管52后端为母头、前端为公头，第三钻管53后端为母头，第二钻管52内壁有锁定槽57，锁定槽57沿轴向设置，锁定槽57贯穿第二钻管52前后端，锁定槽57有两个，两个锁定槽57正对。
取芯钻机钻取机构外壁有锁闩槽56，锁闩槽56有两个，两个锁闩槽56正对，锁闩槽56沿轴向设置，锁闩槽56内有锁闩55，锁闩槽56两侧壁间连有销轴58，销轴58为定位销钉，锁闩55上有锁闩孔555，锁闩孔555为通孔，锁闩孔555与销轴58适配，销轴58穿过锁闩孔555，锁闩55与销轴58转动配合，锁闩孔555到锁闩55后端的距离大于锁闩孔555到锁闩55前 端的距离，锁闩55内侧面有弹簧孔59，弹簧孔59为圆孔，弹簧孔59为盲孔，弹簧孔59到锁闩55后端的距离小于弹簧孔59到锁闩55前端的距离，锁闩槽56槽底有与弹簧孔59相对应的凹陷，弹簧54安装在弹簧孔59和凹陷内，弹簧54与取芯钻机钻取机构外壁和锁闩55接触，弹簧54弹起时，锁闩55部分嵌入锁定槽57内。
锁闩55外侧面包括锁闩轴向面554、锁闩第一斜面552和锁闩第二斜面553，锁闩第一斜面552后端与锁闩后端面551连接，锁闩第一斜面552前端连接锁闩第二斜面553后端，锁闩第二斜面553前端与锁闩轴向面554后端连接，锁闩轴向面554前端连接锁闩前端面，锁闩后端面551为平面，锁闩前端面为弧面，弹簧孔59和凹陷在锁闩第二斜面553向锁闩55内侧面的投影范围内，锁闩孔555孔心到锁闩55内侧面和外侧面的距离相等，锁闩55总长度为131mm，锁闩轴向面554与锁闩第二斜面553连接处到锁闩后端面551的距离为42mm，锁闩第一斜面552与径向截面夹角为40°，锁闩第二斜面553与径向截面夹角为85°，锁闩前端面弧面半径为11mm，锁闩孔555直径为10mm，锁闩前端面弧面的圆心与锁闩孔555中心重合，弹簧孔59直径为13mm，深12mm，弹簧孔59孔心到锁闩后端面551的距离为20mm，锁闩55宽和厚均为20mm。
取芯钻机钻取机构从后向前移动，当锁定槽57与锁闩槽56正对时，锁闩55弹起，将取芯钻机钻取机构与牙钻5卡接，锁闩55左右侧壁与锁定槽57配合，限制取芯钻机钻取机构后端周向运动，锁闩轴向面554倾斜，与第三钻管53后端内壁卡接，限制取芯钻机钻取机构向前移动。
取芯钻机钻取机构包括中心杆14、液道启动模块、外筒23、外筒解锁模块、分流模块、取芯筒连接模块和钻头8,中心杆14由后至前穿过液道启动 模块、外筒解锁模块、分流模块和取芯筒连接模块内腔，液道启动模块在外筒23后方，液道启动模块与外筒解锁模块相连，分流模块在外筒解锁模块前方，分流模块前方连接液压马达7，外筒23包括驱动段73，驱动段73为液压马达7的转子，外筒23外壁固连有扶正器，外筒23开有驱动液出口72，驱动液出口72在驱动段73前方，扶正器在驱动段73前方，扶正器在驱动液出口72后方，外筒23前端连接钻头8，扶正器包括多个扶正块71，多个扶正块71沿圆周均匀固定于外筒23外壁，相邻两块扶正块71间有间隙，扶正块71外侧面弧度与外筒23外壁弧度相同，扶正块71外侧到外筒23轴线的距离大于外筒23半径，所有扶正块71到外筒23后端的距离相等，所有扶正块71厚度相同，扶正块71材质为铜，扶正块71与牙钻5内壁接触，在液压马达7启动前，将取芯钻机钻取机构竖直扶正，液压马达7启动后，扶正块71外侧面于牙钻5内壁摩擦，外筒23其他部位与牙钻5内壁不接触，摩擦面小，既减小了系统摩擦力，减少能量损耗，又保护了外筒23外壁其他部分免受摩擦，防止损坏。
液道启动模块包括锁体11、锁定杆12、启动剪销13、中心杆14，锁体11前后贯通，锁闩槽56在锁体11外壁，锁体11在锁闩槽56后方部分外径比锁体11在锁闩槽56前方部分外径小，锁体11从后至前依次为锁定段111、密封段A112和液道段113，锁定段111侧壁有启动剪销孔，启动剪销孔为通孔，启动剪销13长度大于启动剪销孔深度，锁定杆12前后贯通，锁定杆12在锁体11内，锁定杆12从后至前依次为连接段121、流出段A122、密封段B123和流入段A124，连接段121与流出段A122螺纹连接，密封段B123和流入段A124焊接，连接段121外壁有启动剪销槽，启动剪销槽为环形槽，启动剪销13在启动剪销孔和启动剪销槽内，流出段A122侧壁开有流出孔 A1221，流入段A124侧壁开有流入孔1241，流出孔A1221由内向外向前倾斜，流出孔A1221有多个，多个流出孔A1221在同一轴向位置沿圆周均匀分布，流入孔1241有多个，流入孔1241在不同侧面前后分布，锁定段111内径大于密封段A112内径，连接段121外壁有台阶，台阶外径大于密封段A112内径，连接段121台阶前方外径等于密封段A112内径，启动剪销槽在台阶外壁，中心杆14在锁定杆12内，密封段A112与密封段B123密封配合，液道段113内径大于锁定杆12外径，连接段121、流出段A122和流入段A124的内径大于中心杆14外径，密封段B123与中心杆14密封配合，密封段A112前端到锁体11后端的轴向距离小于密封段B123前端到锁体11后端的轴向距离，启动剪销13穿过启动剪销孔嵌入启动剪销槽，流出孔A1221外壁开口到锁体11后端的轴向距离小于液道段113后端到锁体11后端的轴向距离，还包括锁紧螺母15和密封钢圈17，密封钢圈17与锁体11连接，密封钢圈17连接在锁闩槽56后方，密封钢圈17外径与锁体11在锁闩槽56前方部分外径相同，密封钢圈17后段内壁与锁体11外壁接触，密封钢圈17后段内径小于其前方锁体11外径，密封钢圈17前段内径从后到前逐渐增大，密封钢圈17前段内壁与径向截面夹角为45°，密封钢圈17前端面在锁闩槽56后端面前方且在锁闩第二斜面553后方，锁闩槽56后端面处密封钢圈17的内径大于此处锁体11外径，锁闩55外侧面与密封钢圈17内壁接触，密封钢圈17外径为99.6mm，内径为82mm，密封钢圈17长度为23mm，密封钢圈17后端外壁有3mm×45°的倒角，锁体11在锁闩槽56后方部分外径为82mm，锁紧螺母15在密封钢圈17后方，锁紧螺母15将密封钢圈17压紧，锁紧螺母15前后贯通，中心杆14穿过锁紧螺母15内腔，锁紧螺母15前端与锁体11后端螺纹连接，启动剪销孔开在锁体11后端螺纹处，锁紧螺母15内壁到 启动剪销槽底的径向距离不小于启动剪销13长度，锁紧螺母15包括固定段151和螺纹段152，连接段121台阶后方外径小于固定段151内径小于台阶处外径，螺纹段152内径等于锁定段111外径，锁紧螺母15轴向开有固定孔A，固定孔A为通孔，锁体11后端面有固定孔B，固定孔B为盲孔，固定孔A和固定孔B配对，还包括固定螺钉16，固定螺钉16长度大于固定孔A深度，固定螺钉16在固定孔A内，固定螺钉16前端穿过固定孔A嵌入固定孔B内，供液后，锁定杆12前移，启动剪销13剪断，启动剪销头在启动剪销孔内，启动剪销尾在启动剪销槽内，启动剪销头包括大头和小头，大头朝外，大头外径大于小头外径，启动剪销孔包括外段和内段，外段孔径不小于启动剪销头大头外径，内段孔径不小于启动剪销头小头外径，内段孔径小于大头外径，外段深度不小于大头长度，小头与启动剪销尾长度的和大于内段深度；
如图8、图9所示，外筒解锁模块包括连接管21和锁销22，连接管21后端与锁体11螺纹连接，锁销22后端与锁定杆12螺纹连接，中心杆14穿过锁销22内腔，中心杆14外径小于锁销22内径，中心杆14、连接管21、外筒23和锁销22同轴，锁销22在连接管21内，连接管21前段外径小于外筒23内径，连接管21前段侧壁有解锁孔，解锁孔有多个，多个解锁孔在同一轴向位置沿圆周均匀分布，锁销22外壁有凹槽A221，外筒23内壁有凹槽B231，凹槽A221和凹槽B231均为环形槽，还包括销钉24，销钉24长度大于解锁孔深度，销钉24在解锁孔内，销钉24外端倒角处理，凹槽B231侧面为斜面，销钉24外端倒角与径向截面夹角和凹槽B231侧面与径向截面的夹角互余，凹槽A221的宽度不小于销钉24内端宽度，凹槽B231的宽度不小于销钉24外端宽度，销钉24包括钉头和钉身，钉头在内侧，解锁孔分为钉头段和钉身段，钉头段在内，钉头段内径不小于钉头外径，钉身段内径不 小于钉身外径，钉头长度小于钉头段深度，钉身长度大于钉身段深度，启动后，销钉24内端嵌入凹槽A221内，销钉24内端面到外筒23内壁的距离大于销钉24长度。
连接管21由后至前包括连接段211、泄压段212和阻流段213，锁销22外径等于阻流段213内径，阻流段213内径小于泄压段212内径，泄压段212开有泄压孔2121，泄压孔2121为通孔，锁体11内壁径向开有结束剪销孔，结束剪销孔内有结束剪销25，结束剪销25长度大于结束剪销孔深度，还包括剪切柱塞26，剪切柱塞26内径大于锁销22和锁定杆12外径，剪切柱塞26由后至前包括剪切段261和反冲段262，剪切段261外壁与锁体11内壁密封配合，锁体11内壁开有密封槽B，密封槽B内有密封圈，密封槽B在结束剪销孔前方，反冲段262外径等于泄压段212泄压孔2121前方部分内径，反冲段262外壁开有密封槽A，密封槽A内有密封圈，剪切段261外壁开有结束剪销槽，连接管21外壁开有导流槽，导流槽在泄压孔2121正前方，导流槽轴向设置，导流槽与泄压孔2121连通，停钻前，反冲段262前端在泄压孔2121前端前方，反冲段262与泄压段212泄压孔2121前方部分密封配合，结束剪销25内端嵌入结束剪销槽内，停钻后，反冲段262前端在泄压孔2121前端后方，结束剪销25剪断。
如图10、图11所示，分流模块包括阀门壳体31、锁外壳32、锁紧套33和固定环35，中心杆14、阀门壳体31、锁外壳32、锁紧套33、固定环35和外筒23同轴，中心杆14穿过阀门壳体31内腔，阀门壳体31在锁外壳32内，锁外壳32穿过锁紧套33内腔，阀门壳体31由后至前包括密封段C311、导流段312和锁紧段A313，锁紧段A313外壁开有锁紧槽A3131，锁紧槽A3131为环形槽，锁外壳32由后至前包括流入段B321、流出段B322和锁紧段B323， 流入段B322内径大于密封段C311外径，密封段C311外径大于导流段312外径，流出段B322内径等于密封段C311外径，流出段B322开有流出孔B3221，锁紧段B323上有锁紧孔A3231和锁紧孔B3232，锁紧孔B3232在锁紧孔A3231前方，流出孔B3221、锁紧孔A3231和锁紧孔B3232均为通孔，尺寸相同，锁紧孔A3231和锁紧孔B3232内均有锁紧球34，锁紧球34直径大于锁紧孔A3231深度，锁紧套33由后至前包括冲击段331和锁紧段C332，锁紧段C332内壁有锁紧槽B3321和锁紧槽C3322，锁紧槽B3321和锁紧槽C3321均为环形槽，尺寸相同，锁紧槽C3322在锁紧槽B3321前方，锁紧槽B3321与锁紧槽C3322之间的距离等于锁紧孔A3231与锁紧孔B3232之间的距离，锁紧槽A3131槽底到锁紧段B323内壁的距离小于锁紧球34直径，锁紧槽A3232槽底到锁紧段B323外壁的距离不小于锁紧球34直径，锁紧槽B3321和锁紧槽C3322槽底到锁紧段B323外壁的距离小于锁紧球34直径，锁紧槽B3321和锁紧槽C3322槽底到锁紧段B323内壁的距离不小于锁紧球34直径，固定环35固定在锁紧段B323外壁，固定环35在锁紧孔A3231后方，冲击段331内径大于固定环35外径，锁紧段C332在固定环35前方，外筒23内径大于锁外壳32和锁紧套33的外径，外筒23内壁连有安全齿轮232，安全齿轮232由后至前包括卡紧部2321和挤压部2322，挤压部2322前端面内径小于冲击段331外径，挤压部2322内径不小于固定环35外径，卡紧部2321前端面内径小于固定环35后端面外径，中心杆14有限位部36，限位部36在锁紧段B323内，限位部36在锁紧段A313前方，限位部36外壁开有锁紧槽D361，锁紧槽D361为环形槽，锁紧槽D361在锁紧槽A3131前方，限位部36外壁与锁外壳32内壁的间隙小于锁紧段A313前端厚度，卡紧部2321前端面到挤压部2322前端面的轴向距离等于停钻前锁紧孔A3231孔心到锁紧槽B3321中心 的轴向距离，停钻前密封段C311后端到流出孔B3221后端的距离大于停钻后锁紧孔A3231孔心到锁紧槽A3131中心的轴向距离，停钻后锁紧孔A3231孔心到锁紧槽A3131中心的轴向距离大于停钻前密封段C311前端到流出孔B3221前端的距离，锁外壳32与阀门壳体31通过锁紧孔A3231内的锁紧球34锁紧或解除约束，锁外壳32与锁紧套33通过锁紧孔A3231内的锁紧球34锁紧或解除约束，锁外壳32与中心杆14通过锁紧孔B3232内的锁紧球34锁紧或解除约束，还包括卡环37，卡环37外径大于固定环35内径，卡环37内径小于固定环35内径，卡环37嵌入锁紧段B323外壁的卡槽内，固定环35卡接在卡环37后端和流出段B322前端之间，锁紧段C332前端通过弹簧支撑，停钻前，锁外壳32与阀门壳体31锁紧，保持液道通畅，外筒23内置安全齿轮232，外筒23前移到限定位置时，外筒23带动安全齿轮232撞击锁紧套33，使锁紧孔A3231内的锁紧球34外移，解除对阀门壳体31的约束，阀门壳体31前移，封闭液体流道，停钻，此时锁紧槽D361、锁紧孔B3232和锁紧槽C3322正对，锁紧孔B3232内的锁紧球34外移，解除对中心杆14的约束。
连接段121内壁、流出段A122内壁、密封段B123后端面与中心杆14外壁围成液道A41，锁体11内壁与锁定杆12外壁围成液道B42，锁定杆12内壁与中心杆外14壁围成液道C43，锁销22内壁与中心杆14外壁围成液道D44，中心杆14外壁与阀门壳体31内壁之间有液道E45，限位部36内开有液道F46，液道B42与液道C43通过流入孔1241连通，液道C43与液道D44连通，液道E45后方与液道D44连通，液道E45前方与液道F46连通，液道A41后方连通供液设备，流出孔B3221前方连通液压马达7的液体通道74，液道F46连通前方钻头8的冷却孔。
如图12、图13所示，取芯筒连接模块包括芯管止动头61、芯管连管62、芯环轴承63和轴承内圈64，中心杆14同轴穿过芯管止动头61、芯管连管62、芯环轴承63和轴承内圈64，芯管连管62前端连接取芯筒65，芯管连管62后端连接芯管止动头61，轴承内圈64在芯管连管62内，轴承内圈64在芯管止动头61前方，轴承内圈64在芯管止动头61前端、芯管连管62、内壁和中心杆14外壁围成的空间内，芯环轴承63与外筒23内壁连接，芯环轴承63内径大于芯管连管62和取芯筒65外径，芯环轴承63内壁有滚珠槽A631，芯管连管62开有滚珠孔A621和滚珠槽B622，滚珠槽B622在芯管连管62内壁，滚珠孔A621在滚珠槽B622前方，轴承内圈64开有滚珠孔B641和滚珠槽C642，滚珠槽C642早轴承内圈64外壁，滚珠孔B641在滚珠槽C642后方，滚珠孔A621内有滚珠A6211，滚珠A6211直径大于滚珠孔A621深度，滚珠孔B641内有滚珠B6411，滚珠B6411直径大于滚珠孔B641深度，中心杆14外壁有由后至前依次有滚珠槽D661、内圈止位台阶662和连管止位台阶663，内圈止位台阶662外径大于轴承内圈64内径，内圈止位台阶662外径小于芯管连管62内径，连管止位台阶663外径大于芯管连管62内径，连管止位台阶663外径小于取芯筒65内径，内圈止位台阶662与滚珠槽D661之间的距离等于轴承内圈64前端与滚珠孔B641之间的距离，钻井时，滚珠A6221在滚珠孔A621和滚珠槽A631内，滚珠B6411在滚珠孔B641和滚珠槽B622内，芯管连管62通过滚珠A6211与芯环轴承63连接，芯管连管62通过滚珠B6411与轴承内圈64连接，后方液压马达7使外筒23一边前移一边转动，取芯筒65随外筒23前移，但不随外筒23转动，轴承内圈64前端抵接内圈止位台阶662后，轴承内圈64停止前移，滚珠孔B641、滚珠槽B622和滚珠槽D661正对时，滚珠B6411从滚珠槽B622内滚 入滚珠槽D661内，轴承内圈64与中心杆14锁定，轴承内圈64与芯管连管62解除约束，芯管连管62继续前移，芯管连管62前端抵接连管止位台阶663后，芯管连管62停止前移，芯管连管62在前移的过程中，滚珠孔A621、滚珠槽A631和滚珠槽C642正对时，滚珠A6211从滚珠槽A631内滚入滚珠槽C642内，外筒23与芯管连管62解除约束，芯管连管62与轴承内圈64锁定，取芯筒65停止前移，提拉取芯时，滚珠A6221在滚珠孔A621和滚珠槽C642内，滚珠B6411在滚珠孔B641和滚珠槽D661内，芯管连管62通过滚珠A6211与轴承内圈64连接，轴承内圈64通过滚珠B6411与中心杆14连接。
将取芯钻机钻取机构放入牙钻5内，锁体11外壁连接的锁闩55与牙钻5锁死，使取芯钻机钻取机构上方固定，取芯钻机钻取机构由后方泥浆泵供能启动，启动前，启动剪销13穿过启动剪销孔嵌入启动剪销槽，锁定杆12通过启动剪销13固定在锁体11内，流出孔A1221外壁开口到锁体11后端的轴向距离小于液道段113后端到锁体11后端的轴向距离，流出孔A1221外壁开口被密封段A112封闭，液体不能向前流动，连接管21前端在外筒23内，销钉24在凹槽A221前方，销钉24内端面与锁销22外壁滑动配合，销钉24外端嵌入凹槽B231内，外筒23通过销钉24固定在连接管21外，后方泥浆泵提供的液压达到启动值后，冲击锁定杆12后端，减断启动剪销13，启动剪销13断为启动剪销头和启动剪销尾，启动剪销头在启动剪销孔内，启动剪销尾在启动剪销槽内，锁定杆12前移，流出孔A1221外壁开口到锁体11后端的轴向距离大于液道段113后端到锁体11后端的轴向距离，液道A41与液道B42通过流出孔A1221连通，液道A41、液道B42、液道C43、液道D44、液道E45和液道F46连通，液道D44通过流出孔B3221连通液压马达7的液体通道74，液道F46前方连通钻头8的冷却孔，液道A41后方供液设 备提供的液压能通过液道A41、液道B42、液道C43、液道D44、液道E45和液道F46传送到前方液压马达7和钻头8，驱动液压马达7，冷却钻头8，锁定杆12带动锁销22前移，销钉24内端与锁销22外壁滑动配合，当凹槽A221向前滑到与销钉24在同一轴向位置时，外筒23利用自身重力，产生向前的压力，凹槽B231与销钉22接触面为斜面，凹槽B231挤压销钉24斜面，销钉24从凹槽B231中退出，被压入凹槽A221中，解除对外筒23的约束，外筒23带动前方连接的工作部件向前移动。
外筒23包括驱动段73，驱动段73为液压马达7的转子，外筒23前端连接钻头8，外筒23外壁连接的扶正器与牙钻5内壁接触，使外筒23竖直扶正，钻机工作时，外筒23由后至前移动，液体通过液道A41、液道B42、液道C43流入液道D44，液道D44通过流出孔B3221连通前方液压马达7的液体通道74，液道D44通过液道E45和液道F46与前方钻头8的冷却孔连通，锁紧球34在锁紧槽A3131和锁紧孔A3231中，限制阀门壳体31前移，外筒23带动安全齿轮232前移，外筒23移动到限定位置后，安全齿轮232撞击锁紧套33，使锁紧槽B与锁紧孔A正对，液道D44中的液体冲击阀门壳体31后端，挤压锁紧球34进入锁紧槽B，阀门壳体31解除约束，向前移动，密封段C311移动到流出段B322内，阻断液道D44与流出孔B3221之间的通路，截断液道，液压马达7停止转动，液体回涌，流回液道B42，反冲反冲段262，使反冲段262向后移动，剪断结束剪销25，连通液道B42和泄压孔2121通路，通过泄压孔2121泄压。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：包括中心杆(14)、液道启动模块、外筒(23)、外筒解锁模块、分流模块和钻头，中心杆(14)由后至前穿过液道启动模块、外筒解锁模块和分流模块内腔，液道启动模块在外筒(23)后方，液道启动模块与外筒解锁模块相连，分流模块在外筒解锁模块前方，分流模块前方连接液压马达(7)，外筒(23)包括驱动段(73)，驱动段(73)为液压马达(7)的转子，所述外筒(23)外壁固连有扶正器，所述外筒(23)前端连接钻头(8)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：所述扶正器包括扶正块(71)，扶正块(71)沿圆周均匀固定于外筒(23)外壁，扶正块(71)外侧面弧度与和外筒(23)外壁弧度相同，扶正块(71)外侧到外筒(23)轴线的距离大于外筒(23)半径，所有扶正块(71)到外筒(23)后端的距离相等，所有扶正块(71)厚度相同。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：所述扶正块(71)材质为铜。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：所述外筒(23)开有驱动液出口(72)，驱动液出口(72)在驱动段(73)前方，所述扶正器在驱动段(73)前方、驱动液出口(72)后方。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：所述液道启动模块包括锁体(11)、锁定杆(12)、启动剪销(13)，锁定杆(12)在锁体(11)内，锁定杆(12)和锁体(11)通过启动剪销(13)连接，所述中心杆(14)在锁定杆(12)内，锁体(11)的密封段A(112)与锁定杆(12)的密封段B(123)密封配合，所述密封段B(123)与中心杆(14)密封配合， 中心杆(14)与锁定杆(12)之间有液道A(41)，锁定杆(12)上有连通液道A(41)和外壁的流出孔A(1221)，流出孔A(1221)在密封段B(123)后方，锁体(11)与锁定杆(12)间有液道B(42)，液道B(42)在密封段A(112)前方，流出孔A(1221)出口在密封段A(112)处，液道A(41)前端密封。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：所述外筒解锁模块包括连接管(21)和锁销(22)，连接管(21)后端与锁体(11)连接，锁销(22)后端与锁定杆(12)连接，中心杆(14)穿过锁销(22)内腔，锁销(22)在连接管(21)内，连接管(21)前段连接在外筒(23)内，连接管(21)前段侧壁有解锁孔，所述锁销(22)外壁有凹槽A(221)，所述外筒(23)内壁有凹槽B(231)，销钉(24)设置在解锁孔内，销钉(24)长度大于解锁孔深度，凹槽A(221)的宽度不小于销钉(24)内端宽度，凹槽B(231)的宽度不小于销钉(24)外端宽度，连接管(21)前端在外筒(23)内，销钉(24)在凹槽A(221)前方，销钉(24)内端面与锁销(22)外壁滑动配合，销钉(24)外端嵌入凹槽B(231)内。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：所述分流模块包括阀门壳体(31)、锁外壳(32)和触发机构，中心杆(14)穿过阀门壳体(31)内腔，阀门壳体(31)在锁外壳(32)内，阀门壳体(31)由后至前包括密封段C(311)和导流段(312)，锁外壳(32)由后至前包括流入段B(321)和流出段B(322)，中心杆(14)与流入段B(321)间有液道D(44)，中心杆(14)外壁与阀门壳体(31)内壁之间有液道E(45)，液道D(44)后端连通液道B(42)，液道E(45)与液道D(44)连通，液道E(45)与前方钻头(8)的冷却孔连通，所述流入段B(322)内径大于密封段C(311) 外径，密封段C(311)外径大于导流段(312)外径，所述流出段B(322)内径等于密封段C(311)外径，流出段B(322)开有流出孔B(3221)，流出孔B(3221)连通液压马达(7)的液体通道(74)，密封段C(311)前端在流入段B(321)，液道D(44)与流出孔B(3221)连通。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：所述阀门壳体(31)还包括锁紧段A(313)，锁紧段A(313)与导流段(312)前端连接，所述锁外壳(32)还包括锁紧段B(323)，锁紧段B(323)与流出段B(322)前端相连，所述外筒(23)内壁连有安全齿轮(232)，所述触发机构包括锁紧套(33)、固定环(35)和安全齿轮(232)，锁外壳(32)穿过锁紧套(33)内腔，所述锁紧段A(313)外壁开有锁紧槽A(3131)，锁紧段B(323)上有锁紧孔A(3231)和锁紧孔B(3232)，锁紧孔B(3232)在锁紧孔A(3231)前方，锁紧孔A(3231)和锁紧孔B(3232)均为通孔，锁紧孔A(3231)和锁紧孔B(3232)内均有锁紧球(34)，锁紧球(34)直径大于锁紧孔A(3231)深度，锁紧套(33)由后至前包括冲击段(331)和锁紧段C(332)，锁紧段C(332)内壁有锁紧槽B(3321)和锁紧槽C(3322)，锁紧槽C(3322)在锁紧槽B(3321)前方，锁紧槽B(3321)与锁紧槽C(3322)之间的距离等于锁紧孔A(3231)与锁紧孔B(3232)之间的距离，所述固定环(35)固定在锁紧段B(323)外壁，固定环(35)在锁紧孔A后方，冲击段(331)内径大于固定环(35)外径，安全齿轮(232)由后至前包括卡紧部(2321)和挤压部(2322)，挤压部(2322)前端面内径小于冲击段(331)外径，挤压部(2322)内径不小于固定环(35)外径，卡紧部(2321)前端面内径小于固定环(35)后端面外径，中心杆(14)前端有限位部(36)，限位部(36)在锁外壳(32)的锁紧段B(323)内，限位部(36)外壁开有 锁紧槽D(361)，限位部(36)内部开有液道F(46)，液道F(46)有孔与液道E(45)连通。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的取芯钻机钻取机构，其特征在于：所述中心杆(14)与锁销(22)和锁定杆(12)之间有液道C(43)，锁定杆(12)侧壁开有流入孔(1241)，液道B(42)和液道C(43)通过流入孔(1241)连通，液道C(43)与液道D(44)连通，连接管(21)由后至前包括泄压段(212)和阻流段(213)，锁销(22)与阻流段(213)密封配合，阻流段(213)内径小于泄压段(212)内径，泄压段(212)开有泄压孔(2121)，泄压孔(2121)为通孔，液道B(42)内有剪切柱塞(26)，剪切柱塞(26)内径大于锁销(22)和锁定杆(12)外径，剪切柱塞(26)通过结束剪销(25)与锁体(11)连接，剪切柱塞(26)由后至前包括剪切段(261)和反冲段(262)，剪切段(261)外壁与锁体(11)内壁密封配合，反冲段(262)外径等于泄压段(212)泄压孔(2121)前方部分内径。
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