WO2020093366A1

WO2020093366A1 - Rotary reaction device for iron removal from low-grade nickel laterite ore by means of sulfuric acid pressure leaching

Info

Publication number: WO2020093366A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/114817
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘玉强; 沙滨; 陈小林; 杨松林; 马海青; 贺來荣; 黄海丽; 马永刚; 杜昊; 王少华; 秦为涛; 朱慧; 魏建周; 张飞; 李博文; 王多江; 姚菲
Original assignee: 金川集团股份有限公司
Priority date: 2018-11-06
Filing date: 2018-11-09
Publication date: 2020-05-14
Also published as: CN111139353B; CN111139353A

Abstract

Provided is a rotary reaction device for iron removal from low-grade nickel laterite ore by means of sulfuric acid pressure leaching, comprising: a reactor barrel, a thermal expansion device, a rotary joint and a drive mechanism; one end of the reactor barrel is connected to one end of the thermal expansion device, the other end of the thermal expansion device is connected to one end of the rotary joint, the drive mechanism is used for driving the rotation of the reactor barrel, the drive mechanism is connected with the reactor barrel; the rotary joint comprises: a fixed pipe, a rotary pipe, a sealing device and a bearing assembly; one end of the rotary pipe is fitted into one end of the fixed pipe with a gap therebetween, the sealing device is provided at the connection between the rotary pipe and the fixed pipe, the bearing assembly is fitted outside the rotary pipe.

Description

Rotary reaction device for pressurized iron removal of low-grade laterite nickel ore leached by sulfuric acid

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical equipment, in particular to a pressure-removing rotary reaction device for sulfuric acid leaching of low-grade laterite nickel ore.

Background technique

The traditionally used sulfuric acid leaching low-grade laterite nickel ore pressurized iron removal reactor is a horizontal static compartment reactor. Each compartment is equipped with a stirrer, and the slurry enters the horizontal reactor in each compartment Through the stirring reaction, the overflow liquid enters the next compartment one by one, the disadvantage is that the reaction is not sufficient; the production process is intermittent, the leaching rate and the iron removal rate are low; because each compartment is equipped with a stirrer, it is easy to cause high pressure The leakage of strong acid is not conducive to safe operation; it is easy to form scales in the compartment and the liquid discharge position; production must be stopped for descaling and maintenance, high operating cost and low production efficiency.

Traditionally used thermal expansion structures include bellows, U-shaped tubes, packing sleeves, and mounting sliding brackets. Bellows are only used in larger diameter pipes; U-shaped pipes require a larger space, which can eliminate the displacement caused by the vertical and horizontal directions, but can not eliminate the vibration caused by equipment operation and high pressure; the packing sleeve is easy to produce due to the use of packing Leakage can eliminate minor longitudinal displacement and cannot solve defects such as lateral displacement and vibration; pipelines with sliding brackets can eliminate longitudinal displacement, but cannot solve defects such as lateral displacement and vibration, resulting in damage to the rotary joint and shutdown maintenance and repair The cost is high and the working efficiency is poor, which cannot meet the continuous running process requirements.

Most of the existing rotary joints have complicated internal design, and the transmission bearing and the seal are installed in a bearing support. In order to achieve the sealing function, non-metallic materials such as silicon carbide and graphite are used. However, due to the large structure size, high temperature and high pressure of the rotary reactor in industry, the longitudinal and lateral deformation amplitudes are large during operation, and the stress is very large. The use of the existing rotary joint will cause the non-metallic sealing material to break and leak, which will cause the slurry The material corrodes or damages the bearing, which causes the production to be forced to stop production for maintenance and replacement of spare parts, which makes the production efficiency low and the cost of spare parts expensive.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a rotary reaction device for pressurized iron removal of low-grade laterite nickel ore by sulfuric acid leaching, which can continuously and smoothly run for a long time, so that the iron removal reaction can be fast and sufficient, and the equipment is repaired and operated Low cost and high production efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

A rotary reaction device for pressurized iron removal of low-grade laterite nickel ore from sulfuric acid leaching, characterized in that the device comprises: a reactor barrel, a thermal expansion device, a rotary joint, and a drive mechanism;

One end of the reactor cylinder is connected to one end of the thermal expansion device, the other end of the thermal expansion device is connected to one end of the rotary joint, the driving mechanism is used to drive the rotation of the reactor cylinder, and the driving mechanism and the reaction Barrel connection;

The rotary joint includes: a fixed pipe, a rotary pipe, a sealing device, and a bearing assembly; one end of the rotary pipe is gap-fitted into one end of the fixed pipe, and the sealing device is provided at the connection between the rotary pipe and the fixed pipe. The bearing assembly is fitted outside the rotating pipe.

Further, the reactor barrel includes: a horizontal barrel and a shunt plate; the inner wall of one end of the horizontal barrel is provided with a spiral copy plate, and the shunt plate is provided in the other end of the horizontal barrel, at A plurality of centripetal deflectors distributed circumferentially are arranged on the inner wall of the horizontal cylinder and between the spiral copy plate and the diverter plate.

Further, the thermal expansion device includes: a spiral tube, a first conveying pipe, a second conveying pipe, and a first connecting rod; one end of the first conveying pipe and one end of the second conveying pipe are closed; the first The pipe wall of the conveying pipe is connected to one end of the spiral pipe through a first connecting pipe, and the pipe wall of the second conveying pipe is connected to the other end of the spiral pipe through a second connecting pipe; the open end of the first conveying pipe is reacted with One end of the barrel is connected, the open end of the second conveying pipe is connected to the other end of the rotating pipe of the rotary joint; the closed end of the first conveying pipe and the closed end of the second conveying pipe are connected by a first connecting rod , The spiral tube is wrapped around the first connecting rod.

Further, the sealing device of the rotary joint includes: a sealing sleeve, a sealing cover, and a sealing material; the sealing sleeve is hollow and cylindrical, the inner wall of the sealing sleeve is coated with a titanium layer, and the gap of the sealing sleeve is sleeved on the rotating pipe In addition, one end of the sealing sleeve is connected to the fixed pipe through a flange; the sealing cover is an annular plate, the sealing cover is sleeved outside the rotating pipe, and the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the other end of the sealing sleeve; The sealing material is arranged on the outer wall of the tube where the rotating pipe is located in the sealing sleeve.

Further, the device further includes a base, a first support, and a second support; the base is provided with a groove, and the first support and the second support are respectively disposed in the groove, and the first The upper end of one support is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sealing sleeve, the upper end of the second support is fixedly connected to the lower end of the bearing assembly, and the first support and the second support are connected by a second connecting rod.

Further, the open end of the second conveying pipe and the other end of the rotating pipe of the rotary joint are connected by a loose flange.

Further, the deflector is a rectangular plate.

Further, the shunt plate is a hollow conical cylindrical body, a plurality of through holes are provided on the side wall of the hollow conical cylindrical body, and the large end of the hollow conical cylindrical body is provided with a spiral toward the horizontal cylindrical body Copy one end of the board.

Furthermore, the number of the splitter plates is two.

Further, both the first connection pipe and the second connection pipe are L-shaped pipes, and both the first connection pipe and the second connection pipe are connected to the spiral pipe through a flange.

Further, the sealing material is corrosion-resistant PTFE packing.

Further, the bearing assembly includes two bearings, and a bearing seat disposed outside the two bearings.

Further, the driving mechanism includes a gear and a motor, the gear is sleeved on the reactor barrel, and the gear is connected to the motor.

The beneficial technical effects of using the above technical solutions are as follows:

Install diverter plates, spiral plates and deflectors inside the reactor barrel to achieve rapid and sufficient iron removal reaction and continuous operation, and the inner wall of the barrel is not easy to scale; by installing a thermal expansion device, the reactor can be eliminated at high temperatures Vibration, horizontal and vertical offsets generated during operation under high pressure and strong acid environment ensure continuous, stable and safe operation of the system and long service life of the rotary joint; by installing a new type of rotary joint, the superheated slurry can be achieved It is transported into the rotary reactor to realize the connection between dynamic equipment and static equipment, so that the reaction liquid can be sealed under high temperature, high pressure and strong acid to ensure the safety of the operation, eliminate the axial deviation generated during the high temperature and high pressure operation of the rotary reactor, and ensure the iron removal by rotation The reactor production runs continuously and safely for a long time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of the rotary joint of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a side view of the rotary joint of the present invention;

4 is a schematic view of the structure of the reactor barrel of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural view of the middle part of the reactor barrel of the present invention;

6 is a schematic view of the structure of the reactor cylinder body provided with a spiral plate end;

7 is a schematic view of the structure of the reactor barrel provided with a splitter plate end of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal expansion device of the present invention.

detailed description

The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

It can be seen from FIGS. 1-8 that a rotary reaction device for pressurized iron removal of low-grade laterite nickel ore by sulfuric acid leaching includes: a reactor barrel 1, a thermal expansion device 2, a rotary joint 3, and a drive mechanism;

One end of the reactor barrel 1 is connected to one end of the thermal expansion device 2, the other end of the thermal expansion device 2 is connected to one end of the rotary joint 3, the driving mechanism is used to drive the rotation of the reactor cylinder, and the driving mechanism is connected to the reactor cylinder ;

The rotary joint includes: fixed pipe 4, rotary pipe 5, sealing device, bearing assembly; one end of the fixed pipe 4 is provided with a first fixed flange 6, the other end of the fixed pipe 4 is provided with a second fixed flange 7, the rotary pipe 5 One end of the gap is set in the end of the fixed pipe 4 provided with the second fixed flange 7, the sealing device is provided at the connection of the rotating pipe and the fixed pipe, the bearing assembly includes two bearings 8, and the bearing seat 9, both bearings are set Outside the rotating pipe, the two bearings are arranged oppositely, and the bearing housing 9 is fitted over the two bearings.

The reactor barrel includes a horizontal barrel 10 and a splitter plate 11; the horizontal barrel is a hollow structure with open ends, including a three-stage barrel, a first-stage barrel, a second-stage barrel and a third-stage barrel The first and third cylinders are hollow conical, and the second cylinder is a horizontal cylinder; the inner wall of one end of the horizontal cylinder is provided with a number of spirally arranged spiral copy boards 12 (by welding); the shunt plate 11 is arranged in the other end of the horizontal cylinder, the shunt plate 11 is two, the two shunt plates are arranged at intervals, the shunt plate is a hollow conical cylinder body, the hollow conical cylinder body The side wall is provided with a plurality of through holes, the plurality of through holes are evenly distributed, one end of the hollow conical cylinder is a large port, and the other end is a small port, and the large end of the hollow conical cylinder is provided with a spiral copy board toward the horizontal cylinder At one end, the outer wall of the large end of the hollow conical barrel is fixedly connected (welded) to the inner wall of the horizontal barrel; between the inner wall of the horizontal barrel and between the spiral copy plate 12 and the splitter plate 11 A plurality of centripetal deflectors 13 are distributed in a radial direction, and the deflector 13 is a rectangular plate. The deflector 13 is fixedly connected (welded) to the inner wall of the reactor barrel through a short connecting rod. The horizontal cylinder is made of carbon steel, and the spiral copy plate, deflector and diverter plate are made of titanium alloy.

The thermal expansion and contraction device includes: a spiral tube 14, a first conveying pipe 15, a second conveying pipe 16, and a first connecting rod 17; one end of the first conveying pipe 15 and one end of the second conveying pipe 16 are closed, and the blind plate method can be used Blue 29 is closed; the wall of the first conveying pipe 15 and one end of the spiral pipe 14 are connected and communicated through the first connecting pipe 18, and the wall of the second conveying pipe 16 and the other end of the spiral pipe 14 are passed through the second connecting pipe 19 Connected and communicated, specifically, the pipe walls of the first conveying pipe 15 and the second conveying pipe 16 are provided with through holes, one end of the first connecting pipe 18 is inserted into the through hole of the pipe wall of the first conveying pipe 15, the second One end of the connecting pipe 19 is inserted into the through hole of the pipe wall of the second conveying pipe 16; or, the pipe walls of the first conveying pipe 15 and the second conveying pipe 16 are provided with communicating pipes, and are connected to the two connecting pipes through the communicating pipe; The open end of the first conveying pipe 15 is connected to and communicated with the end of the reactor barrel provided with the splitter plate 11 through a flange 31, and the open end of the second conveying pipe 16 is connected and communicated with the other end of the rotary pipe 5 of the rotary joint, The open end of the second delivery pipe 16 is The other end of the rotating pipe 5 of the adapter is connected by a loose flange 28; the closed end of the first conveying pipe 15 and the closed end of the second conveying pipe 16 are connected by a first connecting rod 17, and the spiral tube 14 is wound around the first connection Rod 17 outside. Both the first connecting tube 18 and the second connecting tube 19 are L-shaped tubes, and both the first connecting tube and the second connecting tube are connected to the spiral tube through the flange 30. The first connecting rod is made of steel.

The sealing device of the rotary joint includes: a sealing sleeve 20, a sealing material 21, a sealing cover 22; the sealing sleeve is hollow and cylindrical, the inner wall of the sealing sleeve is coated with a titanium layer 23, and the gap of the sealing sleeve is sleeved outside the rotating pipe, specifically, the sealing sleeve The gap is fitted on the outer wall of the rotating pipe at the junction of the rotating pipe and the fixed pipe. One end of the sealing sleeve 20 is fixedly connected to the second flange 7 of the fixed pipe 4 (via bolts); the sealing cover 22 is an annular plate, which seals the cover gap Set on the outside of the rotating pipe, the sealing cover 22 is fixedly connected to the other end of the sealing sleeve 20 (via bolts); the sealing material 21 is provided on the outer wall of the tube where the rotating pipe 5 is located in the sealing sleeve 20, the sealing material does not affect the rotation of the rotating pipe ; The sealing material is corrosion-resistant PTFE packing.

The device further includes a base 24, a first support 25, and a second support 26; the base is provided with a groove, the first support and the second support are respectively disposed in the groove, and the upper ends of both sides of the groove are provided The upper end of the first support 25 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sealing sleeve 20 (by welding), and the upper end of the second support 26 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the bearing seat 9 provided outside the two bearings (by welding). The one support and the second support are connected by a second connecting rod 27. The base includes upper and lower horizontal plates, and the two horizontal plates are connected by bolts.

The bearing and the bearing seat are fixed by hot fitting with interference fit; the sealing material is embedded in the gap between the bearing seat and the rotating pipe. The sealing material is corrosion-resistant PTFE packing.

The driving mechanism includes: a gear sleeved on the reactor barrel and a motor for driving the gear to rotate; the motor is connected to the gear on the reactor barrel. Specifically, the reactor barrel is covered with gears, the reducer is used to drive the gears to rotate, and the gears on the reactor barrel are meshed with the gears of the reducer to drive the rotation of the reactor barrel.

The device is also provided with a bracket supporting the reactor barrel.

The reactor barrel of the device rotates under high temperature, high pressure and strong acid. When the slurry enters, it passes through two layers of splitter plates to evenly distribute the slurry in the cross section of the barrel to achieve a rapid and full reaction, without causing the slurry to move along due to gravity The bottom of the cylinder wall flows concentratedly and the reaction is not sufficient. Along the cylinder body moves forward under high pressure, it passes through a large number of baffles in the cylinder wall to continuously change the direction of fluid movement, so that the slurry is distributed on the cylinder body section to achieve sufficient speed The reaction also prevents the scale formed by the reaction from sticking to the wall of the cylinder. When the reaction liquid reaches the outlet end, the accumulated slurry is rotated and conveyed out of the reactor through the spiral copy board at the outlet end to achieve the leaching and iron removal process.

The thermal expansion device is a rotary reactor that runs at high temperature and high pressure. The reactor expands due to heat. Due to the high internal pressure, the rotary motion generates large vibrations, and the slurry carrying a large weight performs uninterrupted rotary motion, resulting in a large The vertical and horizontal displacements and stresses are transferred through the rotating reaction thermal expansion device to complete the slurry transportation. The resulting vibration and longitudinal and lateral displacements and stresses are eliminated, protecting the rotary joints, ensuring the normal operation of the rotary reactor and ensuring the continuous production. Operation improves work efficiency.

The rotary joint is a chemical equipment that realizes the structure operation of the rotary reactor. Through the rotary joint, the superheated slurry can be transported into the rotary reactor, the connection between the dynamic equipment and the static equipment can be realized, and the reaction liquid can be sealed under high temperature, high pressure and strong acid. Realize safe operation, eliminate the axial offset generated during the high temperature and high pressure operation of the rotary reactor, and ensure the long-term continuous safe operation of the rotary iron removal reactor.

When in use, one end of the fixed pipe of the rotary joint with the first fixed flange 6 is fixedly connected to the device for transporting hot slurry, the reactor barrel is covered with a gear, and the gear on the reactor barrel is meshed with the gear of the reducer It can realize the rotation of the reactor barrel. The rotating pipe 5 of the rotary joint and the thermal expansion device 2 rotate with the reactor barrel 1. The hot slurry is input into the reactor barrel for reaction. After the reaction is completed, the slurry is finally sent to the condensation Cooling treatment is carried out in the device. One end of the reactor cylinder provided with a spiral copy board is connected to the superheater.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection of the present invention range.

Claims

A rotary reaction device for pressurized iron removal of low-grade laterite nickel ore from sulfuric acid leaching, characterized in that the device comprises: a reactor barrel, a thermal expansion device, a rotary joint, and a drive mechanism;

One end of the reactor cylinder is connected to one end of the thermal expansion device, the other end of the thermal expansion device is connected to one end of the rotary joint, the driving mechanism is used to drive the rotation of the reactor cylinder, and the driving mechanism and the reaction Barrel connection;

The rotary joint includes: a fixed pipe, a rotary pipe, a sealing device, and a bearing assembly; one end of the rotary pipe is gap-fitted into one end of the fixed pipe, and the sealing device is provided at the connection between the rotary pipe and the fixed pipe. The bearing assembly is fitted outside the rotating pipe.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the reactor barrel includes: a horizontal barrel and a splitter plate; a spiral copy plate is provided on an inner wall of one end of the horizontal barrel body, and the splitter plate is provided at In the other end of the horizontal cylinder, a plurality of centripetal guide plates distributed circumferentially are arranged on the inner wall of the horizontal cylinder and between the spiral copy plate and the diverter plate.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the thermal expansion and contraction device includes: a spiral tube, a first conveying pipe, a second conveying pipe, and a first connecting rod; one end of the first conveying pipe and the second conveying pipe One end of the pipe is closed; the wall of the first conveying pipe is connected to one end of the spiral pipe through a first connecting pipe, and the wall of the second conveying pipe is connected to the other end of the spiral pipe through a second connecting pipe; The open end of the first conveying pipe is connected to one end of the reactor barrel, the open end of the second conveying pipe is connected to the other end of the rotating pipe of the rotary joint; the closed end of the first conveying pipe is connected to the second conveying The closed end of the pipe is connected by a first connecting rod, and the spiral tube is wound outside the first connecting rod.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the sealing device of the rotary joint includes: a sealing sleeve, a sealing cover, and a sealing material; the sealing sleeve is hollow and cylindrical, and the inner wall of the sealing sleeve is coated with a titanium layer , The gap of the sealing sleeve is set outside the rotating pipe, and one end of the sealing sleeve is connected to the fixed pipe through a flange; the sealing cover is an annular plate; the gap of the sealing cover is set outside the rotating pipe; The other end of the sealing sleeve is fixedly connected; the sealing material is provided on the outer wall of the tube where the rotating pipe is located in the sealing sleeve.
The device according to claim 4, wherein the device further comprises a base, a first support, and a second support; the base is provided with a groove, and the first support and the second support They are respectively arranged in the groove, the upper end of the first support is fixedly connected with the lower end of the sealing sleeve, the upper end of the second support is fixedly connected with the lower end of the bearing assembly, the first support and the second support Connected by a second connecting rod.
The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the open end of the second conveying pipe is connected to the other end of the rotary pipe of the rotary joint by a loose flange.
The device according to claim 2, wherein the deflector is a rectangular plate.
The device according to claim 2, wherein the shunt plate is a hollow conical cylindrical body, a plurality of through holes are provided on the side wall of the hollow conical cylindrical body, and the hollow conical cylindrical body The large mouth end faces the end of the horizontal cylinder with a spiral copy board.
The device according to claim 2, wherein there are two diverter plates.
The device according to claim 3, wherein the first connection pipe and the second connection pipe are both L-shaped pipes, and the first connection pipe and the second connection pipe are connected to the spiral pipe by a flange.
The device according to claim 4, wherein the sealing material is corrosion-resistant PTFE packing.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the bearing assembly includes two bearings, and a bearing seat disposed outside the two bearings.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism includes a gear and a motor, the gear is sleeved on the reactor barrel, and the gear is connected to the motor.