WO2020093222A1 - 充气加压系统及气膜建筑 - Google Patents

充气加压系统及气膜建筑 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020093222A1
WO2020093222A1 PCT/CN2018/114049 CN2018114049W WO2020093222A1 WO 2020093222 A1 WO2020093222 A1 WO 2020093222A1 CN 2018114049 W CN2018114049 W CN 2018114049W WO 2020093222 A1 WO2020093222 A1 WO 2020093222A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
inflation
pressurization system
space
supply port
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PCT/CN2018/114049
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱银富
魏秀栋
王秦
肖龙
Original Assignee
深圳市博德维环境技术股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/114049 priority Critical patent/WO2020093222A1/zh
Publication of WO2020093222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020093222A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/34—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B01D46/12—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces in multiple arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of construction, in particular to an inflation and pressurization system and an air film construction.
  • dome projection can provide a display effect with a 360-degree viewing angle range, which can bring a novel visual experience to the audience and make the audience feel a strong visual shock and immersive feeling.
  • the ball screen is widely used in major theaters, exhibition halls and mobile popular science teaching.
  • the soft dome is widely used for its advantages of light weight, low construction cost and strong mobility.
  • the soft ball screen is made of spliced flexible screens. The principle is that the flexible ball screen is fixed to the ground to form an enclosed space between the ball screen and the ground, and then a blower is used to form a closed space between the ground and the soft ball screen Blowing air, through the pressure difference formed inside and outside the ball screen, makes the ball screen bulge into a spherical space.
  • the soft ball curtain is light and the curtain is soft, which is easy to cause the curtain to sag or collapse, affecting the viewing effect or bringing hidden safety risks.
  • An inflation and pressurization system for inflating a double-layer air-membrane building including a first space enclosed by an inner layer membrane and a building foundation, and formed by an inner layer membrane and an outer layer membrane The second space, the inflation pressurization system includes:
  • An airtight chamber the airtight chamber is provided with a first air supply port and a second air supply port, and a vent port for entering air into the airtight room, the first air supply port communicates with the first space, the second The air supply port communicates with the second space; and
  • An air unit is used to supply air to the airtight chamber.
  • An air-membrane building adopts the above-mentioned inflation and pressurization system for inflation.
  • Inflating the air-membrane building through the inflation and pressurization system makes the air-membrane building structure more stable and stronger, and can resist the effects of bad weather.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas film building in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the gas film building shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of a gas film building in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along A-A direction in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the part shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of a fan unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the gas film building in an embodiment of the utility model
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view along B-B direction in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view along the C-C direction in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a gas film building in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a gas membrane building see FIG. 1, includes a building foundation 100, an inner membrane 210, an outer membrane 220, an inflation and compression system 300, an anchoring system 400, and a membrane reinforcement system 500.
  • the building foundation 100 is set on the ground to provide support and reinforcement for the entire building.
  • the inner membrane 210 and the outer membrane 220 are both fixed on the building foundation 100.
  • the inflation and pressurization system 300 is used to move the inner membrane 210 and the outer membrane 220 Between the inner layer membrane 210 and the building foundation 100, so that the inner layer membrane 210 and the outer layer membrane 220 arch upward relative to the building foundation 100, and the anchoring system 400 is used to make the inner layer membrane 210,
  • the outer membrane 220 is firmly fixed to the building foundation 100, and the membrane reinforcement system 500 is covered on the outside of the outer membrane 220 and is used to protect the outer membrane 220.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas film building in one embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the gas film building shown in FIG. 1.
  • the building foundation 100 includes a side wall 101 and a top wall 102
  • the side wall 101 includes an inner wall 1011 and an outer wall 1012 connected to the top wall 102, respectively. That is to say, the entire inner wall 1011 forms a ring shape, the outer wall 1012 is sleeved around the inner wall 1011 and the outer wall 1012 also has a ring shape.
  • This ring shape may be, for example, a ring or a square ring.
  • the building foundation 100 may be made by pouring concrete, and for another example, the building foundation 100 may also be made by welding a steel structure.
  • an annular room 103 is formed between the side wall 101 and the top wall 102 of the building foundation 100.
  • a partition wall 104 may be provided in the annular room 103, and the partition wall 104 divides the annular room 103 into Several small rooms, these small rooms can be used as airtight room 310, debris room, equipment room, toilet and other purposes.
  • a plurality of door openings are also provided on the side wall 101, and these door openings are used for pedestrian passage, that is, pedestrians enter the interior of the gas film building through these door openings. These door openings may be, for example, revolving doors, interlocking doors 107, car doors or emergency doors.
  • the interlocking door 107 is installed in the inner wall 1011 and the outer wall 1012.
  • the inner wall 1011 interlocking door 107 and the outer wall 1012 interlocking door 107 can be used. It can be opened, that is to say, when people pass by, the area enclosed by the entire inner wall 1011 of the gas film building will not directly communicate with the outside world.
  • the inner film 210 is provided on the top wall 102 of the building foundation 100
  • the outer film 220 is also provided on the top wall 102 of the building foundation 100
  • the outer film 220 covers the inner layer
  • the membrane 210 is external.
  • a first space 110 is formed between the inner film 210 and the building foundation 100
  • a second space 120 is formed between the outer film 220 and the inner film 210
  • the first space 110 is used to accommodate people
  • the second space 120 is used to A space 110 is protected to reduce the interference of the first space 110 from outside air temperature and air pressure.
  • the first space 110 and the second space 120 are inflated by the inflation and pressurization system 300, so that both the inner film 210 and the outer film 220 are arched outward, thereby forming the air film structure. Since the gas membrane building is supported by air pressure, the above-mentioned interlocking door 107 can ensure that when the person enters and exits the first space 110, the first space 110 does not directly communicate with the outside world, thereby ensuring the air pressure in the first space 110 The stability of the air membrane building is more stable, and there will be no collapse due to insufficient air pressure.
  • the membrane reinforcement system 500 described above is also provided on the top wall 102 of the building foundation 100, and the membrane reinforcement system 500 is provided outside the outer membrane 220.
  • the outer membrane 220 is connected to the membrane reinforcement system 500, that is to say, the membrane reinforcement system 500 and the outer membrane 220 are attached to each other.
  • the membrane reinforcement system 500 By installing the membrane reinforcement system 500, on the one hand, it can prevent the increase in pressure difference between the inside and outside of the gas membrane building resulting in the entire gas membrane The expansion of the building can prevent the foreign bodies and cyclones from damaging the gas film building.
  • the top wall 102 is provided with a support wall 106.
  • the support wall 106 includes a ring-shaped outer wall 1061 and an inner wall 1062.
  • the inner wall 1062 is located in a space enclosed by the outer wall 1061. Among them, the inner wall 1062 is used to install the inner layer film 210, and the outer wall 1061 is used to install the outer layer film 220.
  • the anchoring system 400 includes a first connector 410, a second connector 420, and a third connector 430.
  • the first connector 410 is an anchor bolt
  • the second connector 420 is angle steel
  • the third connector 430 is a nut.
  • the first connecting member 410 is pre-buried in the supporting wall 106, and one end of the first connecting member 410 protrudes from the supporting wall 106, the protruding portion has a thread;
  • the second connecting member 420 includes a first connecting portion 421 and The second connection portion 422, the first connection portion 421 is used to press the inner film 210 or the outer film 220 against the top of the support wall 106;
  • the first connector 410 passes through the inner film 210 or the outer film 220 and is screwed to the first ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 430.
  • the inner layer film 210 and the outer layer film 220 are firmly fixed to the inner wall 1062 and the outer wall 1061 on the top wall 102, respectively.
  • the anchoring system 400 further includes a gasket 440, which is provided on the inner film 210 and the support Between the walls 106 or between the outer film 220 and the support wall 106.
  • a sealing structure is formed between the inner layer film 210 and the building foundation 100, and a sealing structure is also formed between the outer layer film 220 and the building foundation 100, ensuring the stability of the air pressure in the first space 110 and the second space 120.
  • the membrane reinforcement system 500 includes a protective net 510 and a fastening assembly 520
  • the protective net 510 may be a metal mesh
  • the fastening assembly 520 is used to fix the protective net 510 to the second connection Second connection 422 of piece 420.
  • the fastening assembly 520 includes a plurality of pulleys 521 rotatably connected to the second connecting portion 422 of the second connector 420, and the mesh of the protective net 510 is sleeved on the pulley 521.
  • the inflation pressurization system 300 includes an airtight chamber 310 and a fan group 320.
  • the airtight chamber 310 is one or more small rooms in the ring-shaped room 103 of the building foundation 100.
  • the airtight chamber 310 is provided with a first air outlet 311, a second air outlet 312, and a vent 313.
  • the first air supply port 311 communicates the airtight chamber 310 and the first space 110
  • the second air supply port 312 communicates the airtight chamber 310 and the second space 120.
  • the fan unit 320 supplies air to the airtight chamber 310 through the vent 313.
  • the fan group 320 includes a housing 321, an air purification assembly 322, and a fan body 323.
  • the housing 321 has an inner cavity 3211, the fan body 323 is disposed in the inner cavity 3211, and the air purification assembly 322 is used to purify the air passing through the fan group 320.
  • the housing 321 has air inlets 3212 and air outlets 3123 on the left and right sides in the illustrated direction, and the air outlets 3123 communicate with the vents 313.
  • the air purification assembly 322 includes a first filter layer 3221 and a second filter layer 3222.
  • the first filter layer 3221 is used to filter large impurities such as leaves and debris that can damage the fan body 323, and the second filter layer 3222 is used to purify the air, that is, the second filter layer 3222 is used to filter Small particles suspended in the air such as dust, so that the air entering the first space 110 is sufficiently clean.
  • the air enters the first space 110 from the outside it passes through the first filter layer 3221 and the second filter layer 3222 in sequence.
  • the first filter layer 3221 is a barrier net, preferably a metal mesh, and the first filter layer 3221 is disposed at the air inlet 3212.
  • the second filter layer 3222 is an initial-effect filter, which is used to filter dust with a particle size of 5 microns or more, and the filtration efficiency is about 90%. It will float solid and liquid particles in the air. Its particle size is about 0.1-100 microns. According to statistics, particles with a diameter of 10 microns are usually deposited in the upper respiratory tract. Those with a diameter of 5 microns can enter the deep part of the respiratory tract. Those below the micrometer can enter the bronchi and alveoli.
  • the second filter layer 3222 in this embodiment can filter particles with a particle size of 5 microns or more. The air entering the first space 110 can be ensured to be clean.
  • the air purification component 322 further includes a third filter layer 3223.
  • the third filter layer 3223 is a medium-efficiency filter or a high-efficiency filter, which is used to filter inhalable particles with a particle size of 0.5 microns or more, and the filtration efficiency At around 90%.
  • the fan body 323 is provided Between the first filter layer 3221 and the second filter layer 3222.
  • the fan body 323 may also be disposed between the second filter layer 3222 and the third filter layer 3223, or between the third filter layer 3223 and the air inlet 3212, so that the air contacts after purification
  • the fan body 323 reduces the adhesion of dust on the fan body 323 and keeps the fan body 323 clean for a long time.
  • the fan body 323 is disposed between the second filter layer 3222 and the third filter layer 3223, so that it can not only prevent the outside dust from polluting the fan, but also prevent the air inside the air film building from polluting the fan, thereby making the fan body 323 There is no need to clean the dust and maintain the performance of the fan body 323 for a long time.
  • the inflation and pressurization system 300 further includes a one-way check valve 330.
  • the one-way check valve 330 is provided in the air inlet 3212. By providing the one-way check valve 330, the air only It can enter the airtight chamber 310 from the outside without reverse flow.
  • the one-way check valve 330 may also be arranged at other positions inside the housing 321.
  • the first air supply port 311 is provided on the side wall 101 of the airtight room 310 of the building foundation 100
  • the second air supply port 312 is provided on the top wall 102 of the airtight room 310 of the building foundation 100.
  • Both the first air supply port 311 and the second air supply port 312 are provided with an air valve 340, and the air valve 340 can adjust the flow rate of air, so that the fan group 320 can proportionally inflate the first space 110 and the second space 120. In other words, the air pressure in the first space 110 and the second space 120 can be adjusted by the damper 340.
  • the air pressure in the first space 110 is greater than the air pressure in the second space 120 by 50 Pa or more to ensure that the inner film 210 is fully arched, and the air pressure in the second space 120 is greater than the external air pressure by 180 Pa or more to ensure the inner film
  • the overall support strength of 210 and outer film 220 Before the advent of bad weather, such as a snowstorm or other weather, the air pressure in the second space 120 can be adjusted through the air valve 340 so that the air pressure in the second space 120 is higher than the outside air pressure by more than 450Pa to ensure the air film construction in bad weather It can still maintain sufficient support strength, will not sway with the wind, nor will there be large deformation due to snow accumulation.
  • the membrane reinforcement system 500 due to the protection of the membrane reinforcement system 500, the membrane will not be damaged due to the large internal pressure of the gas membrane building.
  • the air pressure in the second space 120 is adjusted to be higher than the external air pressure by 180Pa or more to ensure the safe support of the air-membrane building to save power consumption.
  • the fan group 320 in order to ensure the reliability of the operation of the fan group 320, is a cabinet structure, see FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a top view of the fan group 320, the fan group 320 includes 3 group rooms, the first group Room 351, second group room 352 and third group room 353, wherein the second group room 352 and the third group room 353 are juxtaposed and located behind the first group room 351, and the first group room 351 is provided with an air purification component 322, Both the second group chamber 352 and the third group chamber 353 are provided with a fan body 323, and the arrow in the figure is the direction of wind flow.
  • the wind can flow into the second group chamber 352 and the third group chamber 353 through the first group chamber 351, but the second group chamber 352 and the third group chamber 353 are not connected, and the first group chamber 351
  • the openings for ventilation of the second group chamber 352 and the third group chamber 353 are provided with sealable seal valves.
  • the two fan bodies 323 can be operated at the same time to increase the intake air speed, or the two fan bodies 323 can be rotated according to needs.
  • one of the fan bodies 323 fails, for example, when the fan body 323 in the second group chamber 352 fails, the sealing valve of the second group chamber 352 is closed, and the fan body 323 in the second group chamber 352 can still be normal work.
  • a fan body 323 may be additionally provided in the first group chamber 351, that is, a fan body 323 is provided in the first group chamber 351, the second group chamber 352, and the third group chamber 353, respectively.
  • the fan body 323 uses a centrifugal fan with a digital brushless DC external rotor motor, referred to as EC (Electrical) Commutation (EC) fan.
  • EC Electronic
  • the EC fan has the advantages of small size, no frequency converter and long service life, thus ensuring the fan group 320 Stable operation.
  • the fan body may also use a traditional AC inverter fan.
  • the first air supply port 311 and the second air supply port 312 are provided in one airtight chamber 310, and the first space 110 and the second space 120 are inflated by one fan group 320.
  • the building foundation 100 is provided with two airtight chambers 310, namely a first airtight chamber 361 and a second airtight chamber 362, respectively.
  • the first airtight chamber 361 is provided with a first air supply port 311 and a first vent 3131 for feeding air into the first airtight chamber 361
  • the second airtight chamber 362 is provided with a second air supply port 312 and a The second air vent 3132 of the air-tight chamber 362 into the air.
  • the first airtight chamber 361 corresponds to the first fan group 324
  • the second airtight chamber 362 corresponds to the second fan group 325. That is, the first fan group 324 communicates with the first vent 3131, the first fan group 324 is used to supply air to the first airtight chamber 361, the second fan group 325 communicates with the second vent 3132, and the second fan group 325 is used to supply air to the second airtight chamber 362.
  • the first air supply port 311 is provided on the side wall 101 of the first airtight chamber 361, the first air supply port 311 communicates the first airtight chamber 361 and the first space 110, and the first airtight chamber 361 and the second Space 120 is isolated.
  • the second air supply port 312 is provided on the top wall 102 of the second airtight chamber 362, the second air supply port 312 communicates the second airtight chamber 362 and the second space 120, and the second airtight chamber 362 is isolated from the first space 110.
  • the air is supplied to the first space 110 and the second space 120 independently, so that the first The air pressure control in the space 110 and the second space 120 is more precise.
  • the first air supply port 311 and the second air supply port 312 may not be provided with the air valve 340, and the air pressure in the first space 110 and the second space 120 can be controlled by the first fan group 324 and the second fan group 325;
  • an air valve 340 may be provided at the first air supply port 311 and the second air supply port 312 respectively, and cooperate with the first fan group 324 and the second fan group 325 to achieve more precise air pressure control.
  • the outer wall 1061 extends outward (left side in FIG. 10) to the ground and forms a space with an opening, and the fan body 323 is disposed in the space, and the space passes through the vent 313 is in communication with the airtight chamber 310.
  • the inner wall 1062 extends inward (left side in FIG. 10) to the ground. In FIG. 10, the inner wall 1062 extends to the ground after being bent. In another example, the inner wall 1062 may directly extend to the ground vertically.
  • a playback system including the above-mentioned gas film building, and a supporting platform 610 and a projection device 620 are provided in the first space 110, and the projection device 620 projects toward the inner film 210 .
  • the above-mentioned inner layer film 210 has a spherical structure, and the inner layer film 210 is not limited to the hemispherical shape shown in the figure, and the visible area of the inner layer film 210 can be designed according to actual needs.
  • the support platform 610 may be provided with a seat 630.
  • the seat 630 is a shakeable seat 630 driven by a driving device such as a motor.
  • the seat 630 makes special effects such as vibration and shaking along with the special effects of playing a movie.
  • the supporting platform 610 is an elevating platform, which can elevate the audience into mid-air, so that the audience is placed in a three-dimensional viewing environment, that is, the audience can watch the movie from above, below, left, and right.
  • the projection device 620 includes several projectors, and each projector plays a part of the complete picture. All the projectors put together the pictures put on the inner film 210 to form a complete picture.
  • the projection device 620 is provided with at least three sets of projectors. When the projector is provided with three sets, one set is provided on the upper part of the support platform 610, one set is provided on the lower part of the support platform 610, and one set is provided on the same support platform 610 The horizontal part can prevent the support platform 610 from blocking the projector light.
  • the projection device 620 includes at least 12 projectors, and the 12 projectors are all set above the line of sight of the audience, and the projector projects upward, and the person is below the horizontal plane where the projector is located and observes upward Shadow, so that people will not block the light, it can also prevent the light emitted by the projector from entering the human eye, interfere with the viewing effect and cause damage to the human eye.

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Abstract

一种充气加压系统，用于对双层气膜建筑进行充气，双层气膜建筑包括由内层膜(210)与建筑基础(100)合围成的第一空间(110)以及由内层膜(210)和外层膜(220)合围成的第二空间(120)，充气加压系统(300)包括：气密室(310)，气密室(310)设有第一送风口(311)和第二送风口(312)和用于向气密室(310)进风的通风口(313)，第一送风口(311)与第一空间(110)连通，第二送风口(312)与第二空间(120)连通；以及风机组(320)，用于向气密室(310)供风。同时提供一种采用该充气加压系统进行充气的气膜建筑。通过充气加压系统对气膜建筑进行充气，使气膜建筑结构更加稳定，强度更高，能够抵抗恶劣天气的影响。

Description

充气加压系统及气膜建筑 技术领域
本发明涉及建筑技术领域，特别是涉及一种充气加压系统及气膜建筑。
背景技术
球幕投影作为一种新的观影技术可以提供360度视角范围的显示效果，可以给观众带来新颖的视觉体验，让观众感受到强烈的视觉震撼和身临其境的感觉。球幕广泛应用于各大剧场、展厅及移动普及性科普教学等地。
目前，球幕投影有软体球幕及硬质球幕两种。软体球幕以其质轻、建造成本低和可移动性强等优点得到广泛应用。软体球幕是由经过剪裁的柔性幕布拼接而成，其原理是，将柔性球幕固定在地面，在球幕与地面之间形成密闭空间，然后用鼓风机向地面与软体球幕形成的密闭空间吹气，通过球幕内外形成的压强差，使球幕鼓起，变成球形空间。
然而，当遇到积雪或强风时，由于软体球幕质轻且幕布较软，容易造成幕布凹陷或崩塌，影响观影效果或带来安全隐患。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对上述问题，提供一种充气加压系统及气膜建筑。
一种充气加压系统，用于对双层气膜建筑进行充气，所述双层气膜建筑包括由内层膜与建筑基础合围成的第一空间以及由内层膜和外层膜合围成的第二空间，所述充气加压系统包括：
气密室，所述气密室设有第一送风口和第二送风口和用于向所述气密室进风的通风口，所述第一送风口与所述第一空间连通，所述第二送风口与所述第二空间连通；以及
风机组，用于向所述气密室供风。
一种气膜建筑，采用上述的充气加压系统进行充气。
通过充气加压系统对气膜建筑进行充气，使气膜建筑结构更加稳定，强度更高，能够抵抗恶劣天气的影响。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型一个实施例中的气膜建筑的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的气膜建筑的俯视图；
图3为本实用新型一个实施例中的气膜建筑的部分结构示意图；
图4为图2中沿A-A方向的剖视图；
图5为图4所示的部分的侧视图；
图6为本实用新型一个实施例中的风机组的俯视图；
图7为本实用新型一个实施例中的气膜建筑的俯视图；
图8为图7中沿B-B方向的剖视图；
图9为图7中沿C-C方向的剖视图；
图10为本实用新型又一个实施例中的气膜建筑的部分结构示意图。
附图标记：100、建筑基础；101、侧壁；1011、内壁；1012、外壁；102、顶壁；103、环形房间；104、隔墙；106、支撑墙；1061、外墙；1062、内墙；107、互锁门；110、第一空间；120、第二空间；210、内层膜；220、外层膜；300、充气加压系统；310、气密室；311、第一送风口；312、第二送风口； 313、通风口；3131、第一通风口；3132、第二通风口；320、风机组；321、壳体；3211、内腔；3212、进风口；3123、出风口；322、空气净化组件；3221、第一过滤层；3222、第二过滤层；3223、第三过滤层；323、风机本体；324、第一风机组；325、第二风机组；330、单向止回阀；340、风阀；351、第一组室；352、第二组室；353、第三组室；361、第一气密室；362、第二气密室；400、锚固系统；410、第一连接件；420、第二连接件；421、第一连接部；422、第二连接部；430、第三连接件；440、密封垫；500、膜加固系统；510、保护网；520、紧固组件；521、滑轮；610、支撑平台；620、放映设备；630、座椅。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本实用新型，下面参照相关附图对本实用新型进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本实用新型较佳实施例。但是，本实用新型可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使本实用新型公开内容的理解更佳透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。相反，当元件被称为“直接在”另一元件“上”时，不存在中间元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
一种气膜建筑，参见图1，包括建筑基础100、内层膜210、外层膜220、充气加压系统300、锚固系统400以及膜加固系统500。
建筑基础100设置在地面上，为整个建筑提供支撑和加固，内层膜210和外层膜220均固定在建筑基础100上，充气加压系统300用于向内层膜210与外层膜220之间充气或用于向内层膜210与建筑基础100之间充气，以使内层膜210和外层膜220相对于建筑基础100向上拱起，锚固系统400用于使内层膜210、外层膜220牢固的固定于建筑基础100，膜加固系统500罩在外层膜220外面且用于保护外层膜220。
在其中一个实施例中，参见图1和图2，图1为一个实施例中的气膜建筑的结构示意图，图2为图1所示的气膜建筑的俯视图。例如，建筑基础100包括侧壁101和顶壁102，侧壁101包括分别与顶壁102连接的内壁1011和外壁1012。也就是说整个内壁1011形成一个环形，外壁1012套设在内壁1011外围且外壁1012也呈环形，这个环形例如可以为圆环或方环等。例如，建筑基础100可以采用混凝土浇筑而成，又如，建筑基础100也可以采用钢结构焊接而成。
在其中一个实施例中，参见图2，建筑基础100的侧壁101和顶壁102之间形成环形房间103，该环形房间103内可以设置隔墙104，隔墙104将该环形房间103分隔成若干个小房间，这些小房间可以作为气密室310、杂物室、器械室、卫生间等用途。参见图1，侧壁101上还设有若干门洞，这些门洞用来用人通行，即行人通过这些门洞进入该气膜建筑内部。这些门洞例如可以安装旋转门、互锁门107、汽车门或应急门等。以互锁门107为例，在内壁1011的门洞以及外壁1012的门洞均安装互锁门107，当行人通行时，内壁1011的互锁门107和外壁1012的互锁门107中只能有一个是能够打开的，也就是说人在通行时，整个气膜建筑内壁1011合围的区域与外界是不会直接连通的。
在其中一个实施例中，参见图1，内层膜210设置在建筑基础100的顶壁102上，外层膜220也设置在建筑基础100的顶壁102上，外层膜220罩于内层膜210外部。内层膜210与建筑基础100之间形成第一空间110，外层膜220与内层膜210之间形成第二空间120，第一空间110用于容纳人，第二空间120用于对第一空间110进行保护，以减少第一空间110受到外界气温、气压等的干扰。通过充气加压系统300向第一空间110和第二空间120内充气，从而使内层膜210和外层膜220均向外拱起，从而形成了该气膜建筑。由于该气膜建筑是通过气压支撑起来的，上述的互锁门107能够保证人在进出第一空间110的过程中，第一空间110始终不与外界直接连通，从而保证了第一空间110内气压的稳定，从而使该气膜建筑更稳定，不会由于气压不足而出现塌陷。上述的膜加固系统500也设置在建筑基础100的顶壁102上，膜加固系统500设于外层膜220外部。外层膜220与膜加固系统500连接，也就是说膜加固系统500与外层膜220相互贴合，通过设置膜加固系统500，一方面可以防止气膜建筑内外压强差增大导致整个气膜建筑膨胀，又能够防止外界的异物、旋风等对气膜建筑造成损伤。
在其中一个实施例中，参见图3，顶壁102设置有支撑墙106，支撑墙106包括呈环形的外墙1061和内墙1062，内墙1062位于外墙1061合围的空间内。其中，内墙1062用于安装内层膜210，外墙1061用于安装外层膜220。锚固系统400包括第一连接件410、第二连接件420和第三连接件430。例如，第一连接件410为锚栓，第二连接件420为角钢，第三连接件430为螺帽。其中，第一连接件410预埋在支撑墙106内，且第一连接件410的一端从支撑墙106伸出，该伸出的部分具有螺纹；第二连接件420包括第一连接部421和第二连接部422，第一连接部421用于将内层膜210或外层膜220压在支 撑墙106顶部；第一连接件410穿过内层膜210或外层膜220后螺纹连接第三连接件430。从而使内层膜210和外层膜220分别牢固的固定在顶壁102上的内墙1062和外墙1061。
为了增加内层膜210与外层膜220相对于建筑基础100的连接处的密封性，在其中一个实施例中，锚固系统400还包括密封垫440，密封垫440设于内层膜210和支撑墙106之间或设于外层膜220与支撑墙106之间。如此，使得内层膜210与建筑基础100之间形成密封结构，外层膜220与建筑基础100之间也形成密封结构，保证了第一空间110和第二空间120内气压的稳定。
在其中一个实施例中，继续参见图3，膜加固系统500包括保护网510和紧固组件520，例如保护网510可以为金属网，紧固组件520用于将保护网510固定于第二连接件420的第二连接部422。具体地，紧固组件520包括若干转动连接于第二连接件420的第二连接部422的滑轮521，保护网510的网孔套于滑轮521上。
在其中一个实施例中，参见图4和图5，该充气加压系统300包括气密室310和风机组320。具体地，结合图1，气密室310为建筑基础100的环形房间103中的一个或多个小房间。气密室310，设有第一送风口311、第二送风口312和通风口313。第一送风口311连通气密室310和第一空间110，第二送风口312连通气密室310和第二空间120。风机组320通过通风口313向气密室310供风。
在其中一个实施例中，风机组320包括壳体321、空气净化组件322和风机本体323。壳体321具有内腔3211，风机本体323设于内腔3211内，空气净化组件322用于对通过风机组320的空气进行净化。上述的壳体321的 图示方向的左右两侧设有进风口3212和出风口3123，出风口3123与通风口313连通。
在其中一个实施例中，空气净化组件322包括第一过滤层3221和第二过滤层3222。其中，其第一过滤层3221用于过滤树叶、杂物等较大的且能够对风机本体323造成损害的大型杂质，第二过滤层3222用于净化空气，即第二过滤层3222用于过滤空气中的灰尘等悬浮的小颗粒，以使进入第一空间110内的空气足够清洁。也就是说空气从室外进入第一空间110内时，依次通过第一过滤层3221和第二过滤层3222。
在其中一个实施例中，第一过滤层3221为拦物网，优选的为金属网，第一过滤层3221设置在进风口3212处。第二过滤层3222为初效过滤网，其用于过滤粒径5微米以上的粉尘，过滤效率在90％左右。在空气中会漂浮固态和液态颗粒物，其粒径约为0.1微米-100微米，据统计粒径10微米直径的颗粒物通常沉积在上呼吸道，粒径5微米直径的可进入呼吸道深部，粒径2微米以下的可进入支气管和肺泡。本实施例中的第二过滤层3222能够过滤粒径为5微米及其以上的颗粒。可以保证进入第一空间110内的空气洁净。
在其中一个实施例中，空气净化组件322还包括第三过滤层3223，第三过滤层3223为中效过滤网或高效过滤网，其用于过滤粒径0.5微米以上的可吸入颗粒物，过滤效率在90％左右。例如，空气在进入第一空间110时，依次经过第一过滤层3221、第二过滤层3222和第三过滤层3223，进一步的，为了防止空气净化后被风机本体323再次污染，风机本体323设置在第一过滤层3221和第二过滤层3222之间。当然，在其他实施例中，也可以将风机本体323设置在第二过滤层3222和第三过滤层3223之间，或第三过滤层3223与进风口3212之间，这样空气在经过净化后接触风机本体323，从而减少灰 尘附着在风机本体323上，使风机本体323长久的保持洁净。
优选地，将风机本体323设置在第二过滤层3222和第三过滤层3223之间，如此既能防止外界的灰尘污染风机，又能防止气膜建筑内部的空气污染风机，从而使风机本体323不需要进行清灰处理，长久的保持风机本体323的性能。
在其中一个实施例中，参见图4，充气加压系统300还包括单向止回阀330，例如单向止回阀330设置在进风口3212内，通过设置单向止回阀330使得空气只能从外界进入气密室310，而不能反向流动。在其他实施例中，单向止回阀330也可以布置在壳体321内部的其他位置。
在其中一个实施例中，参见图4，第一送风口311设置在建筑基础100的气密室310的侧壁101，第二送风口312设置在建筑基础100的气密室310的顶壁102，第一送风口311和第二送风口312均设置有风阀340，风阀340能够调节空气的流速，从而使风机组320能够按比例的向第一空间110和第二空间120内充气。也就是说，通过风阀340可以调节第一空间110和第二空间120内的气压。例如，使第一空间110内的气压大于第二空间120内的气压50Pa以上，以保证内层膜210完全拱起，保证第二空间120内的气压大于外界气压180Pa以上，以保证内层膜210和外层膜220整体的支撑强度。在恶劣的天气来临之前，例如遇到暴风雪等天气，可以通过风阀340调整第二空间120内的气压，使第二空间120内的气压大于外界气压450Pa以上，以保证恶劣天气下气膜建筑依然能够保持足够的支撑强度，不会随风晃动，也不会因积雪出现大的变形，此时由于膜加固系统500的保护，使得不会因为气膜建筑内部压强较大导致膜破损。当天气正常后，在将第二空间120内的气压调整至大于外界气压180Pa以上，以保证气膜建筑安全支撑的前提下 节约电能消耗。
在其中一个实施例中，为了保证风机组320运行的可靠性，风机组320为柜式结构，参见图6，图6为风机组320的俯视图，风机组320包括3个组室，第一组室351、第二组室352和第三组室353，其中第二组室352和第三组室353并列后位于第一组室351后方，第一组室351内设有空气净化组件322，第二组室352和第三组室353内均设置有风机本体323，图中的箭头为风的流动方向。具体地，风通过第一组室351能够分别流入第二组室352和第三组室353，但是第二组室352和第三组室353之间是不连通的，且第一组室351、第二组室352和第三组室353用于通风的开口均设置有可密封的密封阀。工作时，可以将两台风机本体323同时工作，以增加进气速度，也可以根据需要使两个风机本体323轮换工作。当其中一个风机本体323出现故障时，例如第二组室352内的风机本体323出现故障时，将第二组室352的密封阀封闭，此时第二组室352内的风机本体323依然可以正常工作。
在其他实施例中，第一组室351内也可以增设置风机本体323，即第一组室351、第二组室352和第三组室353内分别设置风机本体323。
进一步地，风机本体323使用数字化无刷直流外转子电机的离心式风机，简称EC(Electrical Commutation)风机，EC风机具有体积小、无需变频器、使用寿命长的优点，从而保证了风机组320的稳定运行。在其他实施例中，风机本体也可以使用传统的交流变频风机。
以上各实施例中，在一个气密室310设有第一送风口311和第二送风口312，通过一个风机组320完成向第一空间110和第二空间120内进行充气。在其他实施例中，参见图7-图9，建筑基础100内设置有两个气密室310，分别为第一气密室361和第二气密室362。其中，第一气密室361设有第一送 风口311和用于向第一气密室361进风的第一通风口3131，第二气密室362设有第二送风口312和用于向第二气密室362进风的第二通风口3132。第一气密室361对应有第一风机组324，第二气密室362对应有第二风机组325。也就是说，第一风机组324与第一通风口3131连通，第一风机组324用于向第一气密室361供风，第二风机组325与第二通风口3132连通，第二风机组325用于向第二气密室362供风。
参见图8和图9，第一送风口311设置在第一气密室361的侧壁101，第一送风口311连通第一气密室361与第一空间110，而第一气密室361与第二空间120隔绝。第二送风口312设置在第二气密室362的顶壁102，第二送风口312连通第二气密室362和第二空间120，而第二气密室362和第一空间110隔绝。如此，通过单独设置第一气密室361、第二气密室362以及第一风机组324、第二风机组325，分别独立的向第一空间110和第二空间120内供风充气，使得第一空间110和第二空间120内气压控制更加精准。此时，第一送风口311和第二送风口312也可以不设置风阀340，通过第一风机组324和第二风机组325即可控制第一空间110和第二空间120内的气压；为了进一步提高控制精度，也可以分别在第一送风口311和第二送风口312设置风阀340，配合第一风机组324和第二风机组325实现更加精准的气压控制。
参见图10，在其中一个实施例中，外墙1061向外(图10中的左侧)延伸至地面，并形成一个具有开口的空间，风机本体323设置在该空间内，该空间通过通风口313与气密室310是连通的。内墙1062向内(图10中的左侧)延伸至地面。图10中，内墙1062弯折后延伸至地面，又如，内墙1062可以直接竖直的延伸至地面。
在其中一个实施例中，参见图1，提供一种播放系统，包括上述的气膜建筑，且在第一空间110内设置有支撑平台610和放映设备620，放映设备620朝向内层膜210投影。上述的内层膜210为球面结构，且内层膜210不限于图中所示的半球形，可以根据实际需要设计内层膜210的可视区域。
其中，支撑平台610上可以设置有座椅630，该座椅630为通过电机等驱动装置驱动的可摇晃座椅630，该座椅630随着播放影片的特效做出震动摇晃等特效。进一步地，支撑平台610为升降平台，该升降平台可以将观众提升至半空中，使观众置身与立体的观影环境中，即观众从上方、下方、左方、右方均可以观看到影片。
放映设备620包括若干个投影机，每个投影机播放完整画面的一个部分，所有投影机将投放在内层膜210上的画面拼合起来能够形成完整的画面。例如，放映设备620设置有至少三组投影机，当投影机设置有三组时，其中一组设于支撑平台610上部、其中一组设置在支撑平台610下部，其中一组设置在支撑平台610同一水平面部位，如此可以防止支撑平台610对投影机光线进行遮挡。
在其他实施例中，放映设备620包括至少包括12台投影机，且12台投影机均设置在观众的视线之上，且投影机向上投影，人在投影机所在的水平面以下，并向上进行观影，这样人不会对光线造成遮挡，也能够防止投影机发射的光线进入人眼，干扰观影效果且对人眼造成伤害。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
尽管上面详细的描述了本发明的优选实施例，但是应该明白，对于本领 域技术人员来说很明显的、这里讲述的基本发明构思的许多变形和修饰都落在所附权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种充气加压系统，其特征在于，用于对双层气膜建筑进行充气，所述双层气膜建筑包括由内层膜(210)与建筑基础(100)合围成的第一空间(110)以及由内层膜(210)和外层膜(220)合围成的第二空间(120)，所述充气加压系统(300)包括：
    气密室(310)，所述气密室(310)设有第一送风口(311)和第二送风口(312)和用于向所述气密室(310)进风的通风口(313)，所述第一送风口(311)与所述第一空间(110)连通，所述第二送风口(312)与所述第二空间(120)连通；以及风机组(320)，用于向所述气密室(310)供风。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述风机组(320)包括：
    具有内腔(3211)的壳体(321)，所述壳体(321)上设有进风口(3212)和出风口(3123)，所述出风口(3123)与所述通风口(313)连通；
    空气净化组件(322)，用于对通过所述风机组(320)的空气进行净化；以及风机本体(323)，设于所述内腔(3211)内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述空气净化组件(322)包括第一过滤层(3221)和第二过滤层(3222)，风从所述进风口(3212)至所述出风口(3123)依次经过所述第一过滤层(3221)和所述第二过滤层(3222)，所述第二过滤层(3222)的过滤强度大于所述第一过滤层(3221)的过滤强度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述第一过滤层(3221)为用于拦截杂物的拦物网。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述第二过滤层(3222) 用于过滤粒径5微米以上的颗粒物。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述空气净化组件(322)还包括位于所述第二过滤层(3222)和所述出风口(3123)之间的第三过滤层(3223)，所述第三过滤层(3223)用于过滤粒径0.5微米以上的颗粒物。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述充气加压系统(300)还包括防止空气回流的单向止回阀(330)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述第一送风口(311)和所述第二送风口(312)内均设有风阀(340)，所述风阀(340)用于调节通过空气的流速。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述第一送风口(311)设置在所述气密室(310)的侧壁(101)，所述第二送风口(312)设置在所述气密室(310)的顶壁(102)。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述风机组(320)为柜式结构。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述风机组(320)包括三个组室。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，其中两个组室并列后共同连接另一个组室，以使风经过前一个组室后分别流入在后的并列的两个组室内。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，并列的所述两个组室内分别设置有风机本体(323)。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，三个所述组室内均设有风机本体(323)。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，所述风机本体(323)为数字化无刷直流外转子电机的离心式风机。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的充气加压系统，其特征在于，三个所述组室均设有密封阀。
  17. 一种气膜建筑，其特征在于，采用如权利要求1-16任意一项所述的充气加压系统(300)进行充气。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的气膜建筑，其特征在于，所述第一空间(110)内设有支撑平台(610)和放映设备(620)，所述放映设备(620)朝向所述内层膜(210)投影。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的气膜建筑，其特征在于，所述内层膜(210)为球状。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的气膜建筑，其特征在于，所述支撑平台(610)为升降平台。
PCT/CN2018/114049 2018-11-06 2018-11-06 充气加压系统及气膜建筑 WO2020093222A1 (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101813880A (zh) * 2010-02-25 2010-08-25 刘峰 一种软体球幕
JP2013053439A (ja) * 2011-09-02 2013-03-21 Home Kikaku Center:Kk 空気浄化式建屋
CN204482526U (zh) * 2015-03-20 2015-07-22 曹长军 一种双层充气大棚
CN105484450A (zh) * 2015-12-17 2016-04-13 深圳市中德膜结构有限公司 气膜建筑融雪装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101813880A (zh) * 2010-02-25 2010-08-25 刘峰 一种软体球幕
JP2013053439A (ja) * 2011-09-02 2013-03-21 Home Kikaku Center:Kk 空気浄化式建屋
CN204482526U (zh) * 2015-03-20 2015-07-22 曹长军 一种双层充气大棚
CN105484450A (zh) * 2015-12-17 2016-04-13 深圳市中德膜结构有限公司 气膜建筑融雪装置

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