WO2020087620A1 - 光学复合膜、显示面板和显示装置 - Google Patents

光学复合膜、显示面板和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020087620A1
WO2020087620A1 PCT/CN2018/118104 CN2018118104W WO2020087620A1 WO 2020087620 A1 WO2020087620 A1 WO 2020087620A1 CN 2018118104 W CN2018118104 W CN 2018118104W WO 2020087620 A1 WO2020087620 A1 WO 2020087620A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film layer
layer
display panel
optical
stacked
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PCT/CN2018/118104
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
康志聪
Original Assignee
惠科股份有限公司
重庆惠科金渝光电科技有限公司
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Priority to US17/041,078 priority Critical patent/US11226516B2/en
Publication of WO2020087620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020087620A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3058—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state comprising electrically conductive elements, e.g. wire grids, conductive particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133548—Wire-grid polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, in particular to an optical composite film, a display panel and a display device.
  • Exemplary large-size LCD (Liquid Crystal) displays include VA (Vertical Alignment) liquid crystal panels and IPS (In-Plane Switching) liquid crystal panels, etc.
  • VA type liquid crystal panels are compared to IPS liquid crystals
  • the panel has the advantages of higher production efficiency and low manufacturing cost, but the optical properties are more obvious than the IPS liquid crystal panel.
  • the optical property defects are more obvious, especially the large-size panels require a larger viewing angle for commercial applications, VA type
  • the brightness of the liquid crystal panel rapidly saturates with the voltage at a large viewing angle, which causes the deterioration of the image quality of the viewing angle and the color shift compared to the front view.
  • the structure of the exemplary LCD display panel is generally a laminated structure, that is, a polarizing plate is attached on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal layer, but the current single-layer thickness of the polarizing plate is about 200 ⁇ m, and the total of the upper and lower polarizing plates needs 400 ⁇ m in total The thickness of the display panel is thick.
  • the present application provides an optical composite film capable of improving the large viewing angle of the display panel and making the display panel thin.
  • a display panel and a display device are also provided.
  • An optical composite film including:
  • the single optical axis optical film layer includes a plate-shaped portion and a plurality of refractive portions provided on one side of the plate-shaped portion, the plurality of refractive portions is selected from one of a curved column and a quadrangular prism.
  • the refracting portion When the refracting portion is a curved column, the refracting portion has a plurality of side surfaces, one of the side surfaces is an arc-shaped convex surface, and the side surface of the refracting portion away from the arc-shaped convex surface and the plate shape
  • the plurality of refraction parts are quadrangular prisms, one side surface of the refraction part is bonded to the plate-like part, wherein the material of the single optical axis optical film layer is a disc-shaped liquid crystal Molecular material
  • the substrate layer is laminated on the side of the plate-shaped portion close to the refractive portion, a plurality of the refractive portions are accommodated in the substrate layer, and the ordinary light refractive index of the single optical axis optical film layer is greater than the Refractive index of substrate layer;
  • the reflective grating film layer is provided on the side of the substrate layer away from the single optical axis optical film layer.
  • the substrate layer is a transparent optical film layer with optical isotropy.
  • the substrate layer is selected from a polymethyl methacrylate layer, a polyethylene terephthalate layer, a cycloolefin copolymer layer, a triacetate film, a polyimide film, and One of silicon oxide layer, silicon nitride layer and glass plate layer.
  • the ordinary light refractive index of the single optical axis optical film layer is 1.0-2.5.
  • the refractive index of the substrate layer is 1.0-2.5.
  • the difference between the ordinary light refractive index of the single optical axis optical film layer and the refractive index of the substrate layer is 0.01-2.
  • the plurality of refractive portions are arc-shaped columns, the plurality of refractive portions are arranged along a straight line, and the extending directions of the plurality of refractive portions are parallel.
  • the plurality of refraction parts are arc-shaped columns, the plurality of refraction parts are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, and two adjacent refraction parts are arranged at intervals.
  • the plurality of refraction parts are quadrangular prisms, the plurality of refraction parts are arranged along a straight line, and the extending directions of the plurality of refraction parts are parallel, and the two adjacent refraction parts Interval setting.
  • the plurality of refraction parts are quadrangular prisms, the plurality of refraction parts are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, and two adjacent refraction parts are arranged at intervals.
  • the reflective grating film layer includes a transparent substrate and a plurality of strip-shaped metal layers disposed on the transparent substrate, the plurality of metal layers are spaced along a straight line and uniformly arranged, and a plurality of The extending directions of the metal layers are parallel to each other.
  • the material of the single optical axis optical film layer is a dish-shaped liquid crystal molecular material
  • the ordinary optical refractive index of the single optical axis optical film layer is 1.0 to 2.5
  • the refractive index of the substrate layer is 1.0 to 2.5
  • the difference between the ordinary light refractive index of the single optical axis optical film layer and the refractive index of the substrate layer is 0.01 to 2.
  • a display panel includes the above-mentioned optical composite film, first glass film layer, first indium tin oxide film layer, liquid crystal layer, second indium tin oxide film layer, metal grating film layer, second glass film layer and photoresist Layer, the reflective grating film layer and the first glass film layer, the first indium tin oxide film layer, the liquid crystal layer, the second indium tin oxide film layer, the metal grating film layer, The second glass film layer is sequentially stacked, the photoresist layer is stacked between the metal grating film layer and the second glass film layer, or the photoresist layer is stacked on the first glass film layer and Between the first indium tin oxide film layers.
  • a display device includes a backlight and the above display panel, and the backlight is located on one side of the display panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight of the display device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of the display device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the optical composite film of the display panel shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical composite film of another embodiment of the display panel shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a single optical axis optical film layer of the optical composite film shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a single optical axis optical film layer of the optical composite film shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a single optical axis optical film layer of another embodiment of the optical composite film shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the single optical axis optical film layer shown in FIG. 8 at another angle;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the single optical axis optical film layer shown in FIG. 8 at another angle;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an optical composite film of another embodiment of the display panel shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an optical composite film of another embodiment of the display panel shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective grating film layer of the optical composite film shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of another embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of another embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of another embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of another embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 1.
  • the present application provides an optical composite film, a display panel, and a display device.
  • a display panel In order to make the purpose, technical solutions, and effects of the present application clearer and clearer, the present application will be described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.
  • a display device 10 includes a backlight 100 and a display panel 200.
  • the backlight source 100 is a collimated light emitting backlight (collimate light emitting BL), so that the energy of light is concentrated and output at a positive viewing angle.
  • the backlight 100 includes a reflective sheet 110, a light guide plate 120, a prism film 130, and a light emitting diode (LED) light source 140.
  • the reflective sheet 110 and the light guide plate 120 and the prism film 130 are in this order.
  • the light guide plate 120 has a light incident surface 121
  • the LED light source 140 is disposed opposite to the light incident surface 121.
  • a side of the light guide plate 120 near the reflective sheet 110 is provided with a strip-shaped first groove 122, and a cross section of the first groove 122 The shape of the first groove 122 is perpendicular to the light emitting direction of the LED light source 140.
  • the side of the light guide plate 120 near the prism film 130 is provided with a strip-shaped second groove 123.
  • the cross section of the second groove 123 is V-shaped, the extending direction of the second groove 123 is parallel to the light emitting direction of the LED light source 140.
  • the prism side of the prism film 130 is laminated on the light guide plate 120.
  • the display panel 200 includes an optical composite film 210, a first glass film layer 220, a first indium tin oxide film (ITO) 230, a liquid crystal layer 240, and a second indium tin oxide film layer 250, a metal grating film layer 260, a second glass film layer 270 and a photoresist layer 280.
  • ITO indium tin oxide film
  • the optical composite film 210 includes a single optical axis optical film layer 211, a substrate layer 212, and a reflective grating film layer 213.
  • the single optical axis optical film layer 211 has optical anisotropy, and light passing through the single optical axis optical film layer 210 may cause birefringence.
  • the light entering the single optical axis optical film layer 211 can be equivalent to two beams whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, and the light whose polarization direction is perpendicular to the liquid crystal optical axis of the single optical axis optical layer 211 is called ordinary light. Referred to as O light; light whose polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis of the liquid crystal of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is called extraordinary light, or E light for short.
  • the extraordinary light refractive index (ne) is the equivalent refractive index of the light polarization direction parallel to the optical axis of the single optical axis optical film layer 211; the ordinary light refractive index (no) is the light polarization direction and the single optical axis optics
  • the equivalent refractive index of the optical axis of the film layer 211 is perpendicular.
  • the extraordinary light refractive index (ne) of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is smaller than the ordinary light refractive index (no) of the single optical axis optical film layer 211, that is, ne ⁇ no.
  • the ordinary light refractive index (no) of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is 1.0 to 2.5.
  • an XYZ three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed, nx is the refractive index of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 in the X direction, ny is the refractive index of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 in the Y direction, and nz is the single optical axis optical The refractive index of the film layer 211 in the Z direction.
  • the material of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is a discotic liquid crystal molecular material. More specifically, the material of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is a negative disc-shaped liquid crystal molecular material.
  • the single optical axis optical film layer 211 includes a plate-like portion 211a and a refractive portion 211b.
  • the plate-shaped portion 211a has a transparent flat plate structure.
  • the refractive part 211b is plural, and the plural refractive parts 211b are provided on one side of the plate-like part 211a. Please refer to FIG. 5 together. Specifically, the plurality of refractive portions 211b are curved columns or quadrangular prisms.
  • the refraction portion 211b When the plurality of refraction portions 211b are arc-shaped columns, the refraction portion 211b has a plurality of side surfaces, and one of the plurality of side surfaces is an arc-shaped convex surface.
  • the side surface of the refraction portion 211b away from the arc-shaped convex surface is in contact with the plate-shaped portion 211a.
  • the arc-shaped convex surface is a curved surface in which an arc line moves along the extending direction of the refractive portion 211b. More specifically, the arc is a circular arc.
  • the plurality of refractive portions 211b are arranged along a straight line, and the extending directions of the plurality of refractive portions 211b are parallel.
  • the two adjacent refraction parts 211b are attached or spaced apart.
  • the refraction part 211b has four side surfaces, which are parallel to the two side surfaces connected to the arc-shaped convex surface.
  • the arc of the refraction part 211b is a circular arc, and the chord of the refraction part 211b corresponds to the chord and The bottom surface close to the plate-shaped portion 211a is parallel.
  • the distance between the midpoint of the arc of the refraction part 211b and one of the two side surfaces is r1, and the distance between the midpoints of the arc of the two adjacent refraction parts 211b is P1, and P1 ⁇ 2r1.
  • R is the radius of the circle where the arc is located
  • D1 is the maximum thickness of the single optical axis optical film layer 211
  • R ⁇ D1 is the maximum thickness of the single optical axis optical film layer 211
  • the plurality of refractive parts 211b are arc-shaped columns, the plurality of refractive parts 211b are not limited to be arranged along a straight line, the plurality of refractive parts 211b may also be arranged in a two-dimensional matrix, two adjacent The refraction parts 211b are arranged at intervals to more effectively distribute the positive viewing angle light energy to the two-dimensional direction, so that the full viewing angle viewing is more uniform.
  • one side surface of the refractive portion 211b is in contact with the plate-shaped portion 211a.
  • the plurality of refractive portions 211b are arranged along a straight line, and the extending directions of the plurality of refractive portions 211b are parallel, and two adjacent refractive portions 211b are arranged at intervals.
  • a plurality of refraction portions 211b are regular quadrangular prisms, half of the width of the side surface of the refraction portion 211b close to the plate-shaped portion 211a is r2, and two adjacent prism portions are close to the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 211a
  • the distance between the centers of is P2, P> 2r.
  • P1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m to ensure that there is at least one arc convex surface in the sub-pixel so that the light is refracted from the light dense medium to the light sparse medium, and the light energy of the positive viewing angle is distributed to the large viewing angle.
  • the thickness of the refractive portion 211b is d2
  • the thickness of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is D2
  • d2 is not 0, and d2 ⁇ D2.
  • the plurality of refraction portions 211b are positive quadrangular prisms
  • the plurality of refraction portions 211b are not limited to be arranged along a straight line, and the plurality of refraction portions 211b may also be arranged in a two-dimensional matrix
  • the two adjacent refracting portions 211b are spaced apart to more effectively distribute the positive viewing angle light energy to the two-dimensional direction, making viewing at a full viewing angle more uniform.
  • the plurality of refraction portions 211b are regular quadrangular prisms, the half of the width of the side surface of the refraction portion 211b near the plate-shaped portion 211a in the X direction is rx, and the refraction portion 211b is near the plate-shaped portion Half of the width of the side surface of the 211a in the Y direction is ry, the distance between the centers of the two adjacent prisms near the plate-shaped portion 211a in the X direction is Px, and the two adjacent prisms are near the plate-shaped portion
  • Px ⁇ 10 ⁇ m and Py ⁇ 10 ⁇ m to ensure that at least one arc-shaped convex surface in the sub-pixels causes light to refract from the dense optical medium to the sparse medium, and distribute the light energy of the positive viewing angle to the large viewing angle.
  • the thickness of the refractive portion 211b is d3
  • the thickness of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is D3
  • d3 is not 0, and d3 ⁇ D3.
  • Px is not limited to being equal to Py, and Px may also be larger or smaller than Py.
  • the substrate layer 212 is laminated on the side of the plate-shaped portion 211 a close to the refractive portion 211 b, and a plurality of refractive portions 211 b are accommodated in the substrate layer 212.
  • the substrate layer 212 is a transparent optical film layer with optical isotropy.
  • the substrate layer 212 is an organic transparent material or an inorganic transparent material.
  • the material of the substrate layer 212 is a coating material with a planarization structure on the photoresist layer.
  • the substrate layer 212 is selected from a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) layer, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer, a cycloolefin copolymer (COP) layer, a triacetate film (TAC), One of polyimide film (PI), silicon dioxide layer, silicon nitride layer and glass plate layer. It should be noted that the substrate layer 212 is not limited to the above-mentioned film layer, and any optical thin film having optical isotropy can be used as the substrate layer.
  • the ordinary light refractive index (ns) of the substrate layer 212 is 1.0-2.5.
  • the ordinary light refractive index (no) of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is greater than the ordinary light refractive index (ns) of the substrate layer 212.
  • the difference between the ordinary light refractive index (no) of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 and the ordinary light refractive index (ns) of the substrate layer 212 is 0.01-2.
  • the greater the difference between the ordinary light refractive index (no) of the single optical axis optical film layer 211 and the ordinary light refractive index (ns) of the substrate layer 212 the easier it is to distribute the frontal light energy to a large viewing angle.
  • the reflection grating film layer 213 is disposed on the side of the substrate layer 212 away from the single optical axis optical film layer 211.
  • the reflective grating film layer 213 can convert natural light into polarized light, instead of a polarizing plate, and reduce the thickness of the display panel 200.
  • the reflective grating film layer 213 is stacked on the side surface of the substrate layer 212 away from the single optical axis optical film layer 211.
  • the thickness of the reflective grating film layer 213 is generally less than 20 ⁇ m. It can be seen that the thickness of the reflective grating film layer 213 is much smaller than the thickness of the polarizing plate.
  • the reflective grating film layer 213 is not limited to being laminated on the surface of the substrate layer 212 away from the single optical axis optical film layer 211.
  • the reflective grating film layer 213 may also be partially embedded
  • the substrate layer 212 is away from the side of the single optical axis optical film layer 211.
  • the portion where the reflective grating film layer 213 is embedded in the substrate layer 212 corresponds to the position of the refractive portion 211b.
  • the reflective grating film layer 213 includes a transparent substrate 213a and a metal layer 213b.
  • the transparent substrate 213a is selected from one of a glass substrate, a silica gel substrate, a silica substrate, a silicon nitride substrate, a polymethyl methacrylate substrate, and a polyethylene terephthalate substrate.
  • the multiple metal layers 213b are disposed on the transparent substrate 213a.
  • the multiple metal layers 213b are spaced and uniformly arranged along a straight line.
  • the extending directions of the multiple metal layers 213b are parallel to each other. And set the grating.
  • a plurality of metal layers 213b are provided on one side of the transparent substrate 213a.
  • the material of the metal layer 213b is selected from one of gold, aluminum, and copper.
  • the width of the metal layer 213b is 50nm-150nm; the thickness of the metal layer 213b is 100nm-200nm; the distance between two adjacent metal layers 213b is 100nm-200nm.
  • the plurality of metal layers 213b have a rectangular shape.
  • the light passing through the reflective grating film layer 213 can be divided into electromagnetic waves whose vibration direction is perpendicular to the extending direction of the metal layer 213b and electromagnetic waves whose vibration direction is parallel to the extending direction of the metal layer 213b.
  • the reflective grating film layer 213 absorbs or reflects the electromagnetic wave vibration component and the metal.
  • the working principle of the optical composite film 210 is:
  • the light is composed of horizontally polarized light (the direction of the electric field vibration is 0 ° or 180 °) and vertically polarized (the direction of the electric field vibration is 90 ° or 270 °).
  • the reflective grating film 213 has the function of absorbing and penetrating the polarized light When the arrangement direction of the metal layer of the reflective grating film layer 213 is parallel to the direction of 90 ° or 270 °, the extending direction of the metal layer of the reflective grating film layer 213 is parallel to the direction of 0 ° or 180 °.
  • the vertically polarized light can pass through the reflective grating film layer 213, and the equivalent refractive index of the vertically polarized light passing through the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is no, and the equivalent refractive index of the vertically polarized light passing through the substrate layer 212 is ns.
  • the difference in refractive index between the optical axis optical film layer 211 and the substrate layer 212 (no is greater than ns), and the vertically polarized light is refracted from the single optical axis optical film layer 211 (optical dense medium) to the substrate layer 212 (optical thin medium)
  • the effect is to make the positive viewing angle light type energy distribution a large viewing angle optical phenomenon.
  • the extending direction of the metal layers of the reflective grating film layer 213 is parallel to the direction of 90 ° or 270 °. It is expected that the horizontally polarized light can pass through the reflective grating film layer 213, and the equivalent refractive index of the horizontally polarized light passing through the single optical axis optical film layer 211 is no, and the equivalent refractive index of the horizontally polarized light passing through the substrate layer 212 is ns.
  • the optical composite film 210 can not only distribute the positive viewing angle light type energy to a large viewing angle and improve the viewing angle, but also convert natural light into polarized light instead of a polarizing plate.
  • the first glass film layer 220 is laminated on the optical composite film 210.
  • the first glass film layer 220 is stacked on the reflective grating film layer 213.
  • the first indium tin oxide film layer 230 is stacked on the side of the first glass film layer 220 away from the optical composite film 210.
  • the liquid crystal layer 240 is stacked on the side of the first indium tin oxide film layer 230 away from the first glass film layer 220.
  • the second indium tin oxide film layer 250 is stacked on the side of the liquid crystal layer 240 away from the first indium tin oxide film layer 230.
  • the metal grating film layer 260 is stacked on the side of the second indium tin oxide film layer 250 away from the liquid crystal layer 240. Among them, the functions and materials of the metal grating film layer 260 and the reflective grating film layer 213 are substantially the same, so as to replace the upper polarizing plate and further reduce the thickness of the display panel 200.
  • the second glass film layer 270 is stacked on the side of the metal grating film layer 260 away from the second indium tin oxide film layer 250.
  • the photoresist layer 280 is stacked between the metal grating film layer 260 and the second glass film layer 270.
  • the display panel 200 further includes a compensation film layer 290 stacked between the second indium tin oxide film layer 250 and the metal grating film layer 260; or, compensation The film layer 290 is stacked between the first glass film layer 220 and the first indium tin oxide film layer 230.
  • the compensation film layer 290 can replace the optical function of the compensation film in the polarizing plate.
  • the compensation film layer 290 has optical anisotropy.
  • the material of the compensation film layer 290 is a nematic liquid crystal molecular material. More specifically, the compensation film layer 290 is prepared by a process of liquid crystal molecular coating and ultraviolet (Ultraviolet, UV) light curing molding.
  • One of the two compensation film layers 290 is stacked between the second indium tin oxide film layer 250 and the metal grating film layer 260.
  • the other of the compensation film layers 290 is stacked between the first glass film layer 220 and the first indium tin oxide film layer 230.
  • the display panel 200 is not limited to the above structure.
  • the photoresist layer 280 of the display panel 200 may also be stacked between the first glass film layer 220 and the first indium tin oxide film layer 230.
  • the compensation film layer 290 is stacked between the second indium tin oxide film layer 250 and the metal grating film layer 260; or, the compensation film layer 290 is stacked on the photoresist layer 280 and Between the first glass film layer 220.
  • One of the two compensation film layers 290 is stacked between the second indium tin oxide film layer 250 and the metal grating film layer 260.
  • the other of the compensation film layers 290 is stacked between the photoresist layer 280 and the first glass film layer 220.
  • the display panel 200 is not limited to the above-mentioned stacked structure, and different film layers can add materials with special functions according to different needs, for example, adding other functional materials to a single function film layer to obtain a multi-functional film layer.
  • the stacking order of the various film layers in the display panel 200 can be changed according to the required function, and at the same time, other functional film layers and the like can be added as needed.
  • the above display device 10 has at least the following advantages:
  • the above single optical axis optical film layer 211 includes a plate-shaped portion 211a and a plurality of refractive portions 211b provided on one side of the plate-shaped portion 211a.
  • the plurality of refractive portions 211b are arc-shaped columns or quadrangular prisms.
  • the material of the film layer 211 is a dish-shaped liquid crystal molecular material.
  • the substrate layer 212 is laminated on the side of the plate-shaped portion 211a close to the refractive portion 211b.
  • the ordinary light refractive index of the single-optic axis optical film layer 211 is greater than the refractive index of the substrate layer 212. The light is emitted from the single optical axis optical film layer 211 to the substrate layer 212.
  • the reflective grating film layer 213 is disposed on the side of the substrate layer 212 away from the single optical axis optical film layer 211, the reflective grating film layer 213 can convert natural light into polarized light Instead of thicker polarizing plates, the thickness of the display panel 200 is thinner. Therefore, the above optical composite film 210 can not only improve the large visual aberration of the display panel 200, but also make the display panel 200 thinner.
  • the display panel 200 does not need to divide the RGB sub-pixels into the main pixel and sub-pixel structures, avoiding the design of metal traces or TFT elements to drive the sub-pixels, causing sacrifice in the transparent opening area, affecting the panel transmittance, while maintaining The display resolution and driving frequency of the display panel 200 are shown. Therefore, the above-mentioned optical composite film 210 can not only improve the viewing angle deviation, but also have better panel transmittance.
  • the reflective grating film layer 213 of the above display panel 200 replaces the lower polarizing plate, and the metal grating film layer 260 replaces the upper polarizing plate, so that the thickness of the display panel 200 is thinner.

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Abstract

一种光学复合膜，包括单光轴光学膜层、基板层及反射光栅膜层，单光轴光学膜层包括板状部和设置在板状部的一侧上的多个折射部，多个折射部选自弧面柱及四棱柱中的一种，单光轴光学膜层的材料为碟状液晶分子材料，基板层层叠在板状部靠近折射部的一侧上，多个折射部收容在基板层中，单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率大于基板层的折射率，反射光栅膜层设置在基板层远离单光轴光学膜层的一侧上。

Description

光学复合膜、显示面板和显示装置 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，特别是涉及一种光学复合膜、显示面板和显示装置。
背景技术
示例性的大尺寸LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示器)面板包括VA(Vertical Alignment，垂直排列)液晶面板和IPS(In-Plane Switching，平面转换)液晶面板等，VA型液晶面板相较于IPS液晶面板存在较高的生产效率及低制造成本得优势，但光学性质上相较于IPS液晶面板存在较明显得光学性质缺陷，尤其是大尺寸面板在商业应用方面需要较大的视角呈现，VA型液晶面板在大视角亮度随电压快速饱和造成视角画质对比及色偏相较于正视画质品质恶化严重，而产生色偏的问题。
另外，示例性的LCD显示面板的架构一般为层叠结构，即在液晶层上下贴附偏光板，但是目前的偏光板单层厚度大约为200μm，上下两层偏光板合计就需要400μm，而使液晶显示面板的厚度较厚。
发明内容
本申请提供一种能够改善显示面板的大视角色偏并使显示面板厚度较薄的光学复合膜。
此外，还提供了一种显示面板和显示装置。
一种光学复合膜，包括：
单光轴光学膜层，包括板状部和设置在所述板状部的一侧上的多个折射部，多个所述折射部选自弧面柱及四棱柱中的一种，当多个所述折射部为弧 面柱时，所述折射部具有多个侧面，多个所述侧面中的一个为弧形凸面，所述折射部远离所述弧形凸面的侧面与所述板状部相贴合；当多个所述折射部为四棱柱时，所述折射部的一个侧面与所述板状部相贴合，其中，所述单光轴光学膜层的材料为碟状液晶分子材料；
基板层，层叠在所述板状部靠近所述折射部的一侧上，多个所述折射部收容在所述基板层中，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率大于所述基板层的折射率；
反射光栅膜层，设置在所述基板层远离所述单光轴光学膜层的一侧上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述基板层为具有光学各向同性的透明光学膜层。
在其中一个实施例中，所述基板层选自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯层、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层、环烯烃共聚物层、三醋酸纤维薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜、二氧化硅层、氮化硅层及玻璃板层中的一种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率为1.0～2.5。
在其中一个实施例中，所述基板层的折射率为1.0～2.5。
在其中一个实施例中，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率与所述基板层的折射率之差为0.01～2。
在其中一个实施例中，多个所述折射部为弧面柱，多个所述折射部沿一直线排布，且多个所述折射部的延伸方向平行。
在其中一个实施例中，多个所述折射部为弧面柱，多个所述折射部呈二维矩阵排布，相邻的两个所述折射部间隔设置。
在其中一个实施例中，多个所述折射部为四棱柱，多个所述折射部沿一直线排布，且多个所述折射部的延伸方向平行，相邻的两个所述折射部间隔设置。
在其中一个实施例中，多个所述折射部为四棱柱，多个所述折射部呈二维矩阵排布，相邻的两个所述折射部间隔设置。
在其中一个实施例中，反射光栅膜层包括透明基板和设置在所述透明基板上的多个条形的金属层，多个所述金属层沿一直线间隔并均匀排布，且多个所述金属层的延伸方向相互平行。
在其中一个实施例中，所述单光轴光学膜层的材料为碟状液晶分子材料，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率为1.0～2.5，所述基板层的折射率为1.0～2.5，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率与所述基板层的折射率之差为0.01～2。
一种显示面板，包括上述的光学复合膜、第一玻璃膜层、第一氧化铟锡膜层、液晶层、第二氧化铟锡膜层、金属光栅膜层、第二玻璃膜层及光阻层，所述反射光栅膜层与所述第一玻璃膜层、所述第一氧化铟锡膜层、所述液晶层、所述第二氧化铟锡膜层、所述金属光栅膜层、所述第二玻璃膜层依次层叠，所述光阻层层叠在所述金属光栅膜层和所述第二玻璃膜层之间，或者，所述光阻层层叠在所述第一玻璃膜层和所述第一氧化铟锡膜层之间。
一种显示装置，包括背光源和上述的显示面板，所述背光源位于所述显示面板的一侧。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
图1为一实施方式的显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的显示装置的背光源的结构示意图；
图3为图1所示的显示装置的显示面板的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示的显示面板的光学复合膜的结构示意图；
图5为图3所示的显示面板的另一实施方式的光学复合膜的结构示意图；
图6为图4所示的光学复合膜的单光轴光学膜层的结构示意图；
图7为图5所示的光学复合膜的单光轴光学膜层的结构示意图；
图8为图5所示的光学复合膜的另一实施方式的单光轴光学膜层的结构示意图；
图9为图8所示的单光轴光学膜层的另一角度的结构示意图；
图10为图8所示的单光轴光学膜层的另一角度的结构示意图；
图11为图3所示的显示面板的另一实施方式的光学复合膜的结构示意图；
图12为图3所示的显示面板的另一实施方式的光学复合膜的结构示意图；
图13为图4所示的光学复合膜的反射光栅膜层的结构示意图；
图14为图1所示的显示装置的另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；
图15为图1所示的显示装置的另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；
图16为图1所示的显示装置的另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；
图17为图1所示的显示装置的另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；
图18为图1所示的显示装置的另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；
图19为图1所示的显示装置的另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；
图20为图1所示的显示装置的另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请提供一种光学复合膜、显示面板和显示装置，为使本申请的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下对本申请进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
符号解释：“＞”表示大于；“＜”表示小于；“＝”表示等于。
请参阅图1，一实施方式的显示装置10包括背光源100和显示面板200。
其中，背光源100为准直出光背光光源(collimate light emitting BL)，以 使光的能量集中在正视角输出。
请一并参阅图2，具体地，背光源100包括反射片110、导光板120、棱镜膜130及发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)光源140，反射片110与导光板120、棱镜膜130依次层叠，导光板120具有入光面121，LED光源140与入光面121相对设置，导光板120靠近反射片110的一侧开设有条形的第一凹槽122，第一凹槽122的截面呈V形，第一凹槽122的延伸方向与LED光源140的出光方向垂直，导光板120靠近棱镜膜130的一侧开设有条形的第二凹槽123，第二凹槽123的截面呈V形，第二凹槽123的延伸方向与LED光源140的出光方向平行。可选地，棱镜膜130的棱镜一侧层叠在导光板120上。
请一并参阅图3，显示面板200包括光学复合膜210、第一玻璃膜层220、第一氧化铟锡膜层(Indium tin oxide，ITO)230、液晶层240、第二氧化铟锡膜层250、金属光栅膜层260、第二玻璃膜层270及光阻层280。
请一并参阅图4，光学复合膜210包括单光轴光学膜层211、基板层212及反射光栅膜层213。
单光轴光学膜层211具有光学各向异性，光通过单光轴光学膜层210会产生双折射现象。其中，进入单光轴光学膜层211的光线可以等效为光线偏振方向互相垂直的两束光线，光线偏振方向与单光轴光学膜层211的液晶光轴垂直的光线，称为寻常光线，简称O光；光线偏振方向与单光轴光学膜层211的液晶光轴平行的光线，称为非寻常光线，简称E光。可选地，非寻常光折射率(ne)为光线偏振方向与单光轴光学膜层211的光轴平行的等效折射率；寻常光折射率(no)为光线偏振方向与单光轴光学膜层211的光轴垂直的等效折射率。其中，单光轴光学膜层211的非寻常光折射率(ne)小于单光轴光学膜层211的寻常光折射率(no)，即ne＜no。具体地，单光轴光学膜层211的寻常光折射率(no)为1.0～2.5。
在一实施例中，构建XYZ三维坐标系，nx为单光轴光学膜层211在X方向的折射率，ny为单光轴光学膜层211在Y方向的折射率，nz为单光轴光学膜层211在Z方向的折射率，Z方向为单光轴光学膜层211的膜厚的延伸方向，膜厚的延伸方向垂直于单光轴光学膜层211的出光面，此时，no＝nx＝ny，ne＝nz。具体地，单光轴光学膜层211的材料为碟状液晶分子材料。更具体地，单光轴光学膜层211的材料为负型碟状液晶分子材料。
具体地，单光轴光学膜层211包括板状部211a和折射部211b。
板状部211a为透明的平板结构。
折射部211b为多个，多个折射部211b设置在板状部211a的一侧上。请一并参阅图5，具体地，多个折射部211b为弧面柱或四棱柱。
当多个折射部211b为弧面柱时，折射部211b具有多个侧面，多个侧面中的一个为弧形凸面，折射部211b远离弧形凸面的侧面与板状部211a相贴合。具体地，弧形凸面为一弧线沿折射部211b的延伸方向移动设置的曲面。更具体地，弧线为圆弧线。
可选地，多个折射部211b沿一直线排布，且多个折射部211b的延伸方向平行。相邻的两个折射部211b贴合或间隔设置。
请一并参阅图6，具体地，折射部211b具有四个侧面，与弧形凸面连接的两个侧面平行，折射部211b的弧线为圆弧线，折射部211b的弧线对应的弦与靠近板状部211a的底面平行。折射部211b的弧线的中点与两个侧面中的一个之间的距离为r1，相邻的两个折射部211b的弧线的中点之间的距离为P1，P1≥2r1。当P1＞2r1时，相邻的两个折射部211b间隔设置；当P1＝2r1时，相邻的两个折射部211b贴合设置。更具体地，P1≤10μm，确保子画素中至少有一弧形凸面使得光从光密介质射向光疏介质而发生折射现象，而将正视角的光型能量分配到大视角。
其中，R为弧线所在圆的半径，D1为单光轴光学膜层211的最大厚度， R≤D1。弧线的曲率越大，正视角可以分配大视角能量的范围越大。
需要说明的是，当多个折射部211b为弧面柱时，多个折射部211b不限于为沿一直线排布，多个折射部211b也可以呈二维矩阵排布，相邻的两个折射部211b间隔设置，以更有效的将正视角光能量分配到二维方向，使得全视角观赏更加匀。
当多个折射部211b为四棱柱时，折射部211b的一个侧面与板状部211a相贴合。
可选地，多个折射部211b沿一直线排布，且多个折射部211b的延伸方向平行，相邻的两个折射部211b间隔设置。
具体地，请一并参阅图7，多个折射部211b为正四棱柱，折射部211b靠近板状部211a的侧面的宽度的一半为r2，相邻的两个棱柱部靠近板状部211a的侧面的中心之间的距离为P2，P＞2r。可选地，P1≤10μm，确保子画素中至少有一弧形凸面使得光从光密介质射向光疏介质而发生折射现象，而将正视角的光型能量分配到大视角。其中，折射部211b的厚度为d2，单光轴光学膜层211的厚度为D2，d2不为0，d2≤D2。
需要说明的是，请一并参阅图8，当多个折射部211b为正四棱柱时，多个折射部211b不限于为沿一直线排布，多个折射部211b也可以呈二维矩阵排布，相邻的两个折射部211b间隔设置，以更有效的将正视角光能量分配到二维方向，使得全视角观赏更加匀。
请一并参阅图9和图10，具体地，多个折射部211b为正四棱柱，折射部211b靠近板状部211a的侧面在X方向上的宽度的一半为rx，折射部211b靠近板状部211a的侧面在Y方向上的宽度的一半为ry，相邻的两个棱柱部靠近板状部211a的侧面的中心在X方向上的距离为Px，相邻的两个棱柱部靠近板状部211a的侧面的中心在Y方向上的距离为Py，Px＝Py，Px＞2rx，Py＞2ry。可选地，Px≤10μm，Py≤10μm，确保子画素中至少有一弧形凸面使 得光从光密介质射向光疏介质而发生折射现象，而将正视角的光型能量分配到大视角。其中，折射部211b的厚度为d3，单光轴光学膜层211的厚度为D3，d3不为0，d3≤D3。需要说明的是，Px不限于等于Py，Px也可以大于或小于Py。
基板层212层叠在板状部211a靠近折射部211b的一侧上，多个折射部211b收容在基板层212中。其中，基板层212为具有光学各向同性的透明光学膜层。基板层212为有机透明材料或无机透明材料。例如，基板层212的材料为光阻层上做平坦化结构的涂布材料。
具体地，基板层212选自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)层、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)层、环烯烃共聚物(COP)层、三醋酸纤维薄膜(TAC)、聚酰亚胺薄膜(PI)、二氧化硅层、氮化硅层及玻璃板层中的一种。需要说明的是，基板层212不限于上述膜层，只要具有光学各向同性的光学薄膜都可以作为基板层。
可选地，基板层212的寻常光折射率(ns)为1.0～2.5。
在一实施例中，单光轴光学膜层211的寻常光折射率(no)大于基板层212的寻常光折射率(ns)。具体地，单光轴光学膜层211的寻常光折射率(no)与基板层212的寻常光折射率(ns)之差为0.01～2。其中，单光轴光学膜层211的寻常光折射率(no)与基板层212的寻常光折射率(ns)之差越大，越容易将正视光能量分配到大视角。
反射光栅膜层213设置在基板层212远离单光轴光学膜层211的一侧上。反射光栅膜层213能够将自然光变成偏振光，而取代偏光板，而减小显示面板200的厚度。可选地，反射光栅膜层213层叠在基板层212远离单光轴光学膜层211的一侧表面上。其中，反射光栅膜层213的厚度一般小于20μm。可见，反射光栅膜层213的厚度远远小于偏光板的厚度。
需要说明的是，请一并参阅图11和图12，反射光栅膜层213不限于层 叠在基板层212远离单光轴光学膜层211的一侧表面上，反射光栅膜层213也可以部分嵌入基板层212远离单光轴光学膜层211的一侧。可选地，反射光栅膜层213嵌入基板层212的部分与折射部211b的位置相对应。
请一并参阅图13，具体地，反射光栅膜层213包括透明基板213a和金属层213b。
透明基板213a选自玻璃基板、硅胶基板、二氧化硅基板、氮化硅基板、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基板及聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯基板中的一种。
金属层213b为多个，且呈条形，多个金属层213b设置在透明基板213a上，多个金属层213b沿一直线间隔并均匀排布，且多个金属层213b的延伸方向相互平行，而设置光栅。可选地，多个金属层213b设置在透明基板213a的一侧上。具体地，金属层213b的材料选自金、铝及铜中的一种。
可选地，金属层213b的宽度为50nm～150nm；金属层213b的厚度为100nm～200nm；相邻的两个金属层213b的间距为100nm～200nm。具体地，多个金属层213b呈矩形。
光通过反射光栅膜层213可分为振动方向与金属层213b的延伸方向垂直的电磁波及振动方向与金属层213b的延伸方向平行的电磁波，反射光栅膜层213会吸收或者反射电磁波振动分量与金属层213b延伸方向平行的电磁波分量，只有电磁波振动分量与金属层213b延伸方向垂直的电磁波分量穿透，获得与偏光板相同的作用，仅通过垂直于偏光板拉伸方向的偏振光。
光学复合膜210的工作原理为：
光由水平偏振(电场振动方向为0°或180°方向)光及垂直偏振(电场振动方向为90°或270°方向)光构成，反射光栅膜层213对于偏振光具备吸收跟穿透的作用，当反射光栅膜层213的金属层的排布方向平行于90°或270°方向时，反射光栅膜层213的金属层的延伸方向平行于0°或180°方向。预计垂直偏振光可以通过反射光栅膜层213，该垂直偏振光通过单光轴光学膜层 211的等效折射率为no，该垂直偏振光通过基板层212的等效折射率为ns，由于单光轴光学膜层211与基板层212的折射率差异(no大于ns)，垂直偏振光由单光轴光学膜层211(光密介质)射向基板层212(光疏介质)会产生折射的作用，而使正视角光型能量分配大视角的光学现象。
当反射光栅膜层213的金属层的排布方向平行于0°或180°方向时，反射光栅膜层213的金属层的延伸方向平行于90°或270°方向。预计水平偏振光可以通过反射光栅膜层213，该水平偏振光通过单光轴光学膜层211的等效折射率为no，该水平偏振光通过基板层212的等效折射率为ns，由于单光轴光学膜层211与基板层212的折射率差异(no大于ns)，水平偏振光由单光轴光学膜层211(光密介质)射向基板层212(光疏介质)会产生折射的作用，而使正视角光型能量分配大视角的光学现象。因此，光学复合膜210不仅能够将正视角光型能量分配大视角，改善视角色偏，而且还能够将自然光变成偏振光，以取代偏光板。
第一玻璃膜层220层叠在光学复合膜210上。可选地，第一玻璃膜层220层叠在反射光栅膜层213上。
第一氧化铟锡膜层230层叠在第一玻璃膜层220远离光学复合膜210的一侧。
液晶层240层叠在第一氧化铟锡膜层230远离第一玻璃膜层220的一侧。
第二氧化铟锡膜层250层叠在液晶层240远离第一氧化铟锡膜层230的一侧。
金属光栅膜层260层叠在第二氧化铟锡膜层250远离液晶层240的一侧。其中，金属光栅膜层260与反射光栅膜层213的功能和材料大致相同，以取代上偏光板，进一步减小显示面板200的厚度。
第二玻璃膜层270层叠在金属光栅膜层260远离第二氧化铟锡膜层250的一侧。
光阻层280层叠在金属光栅膜层260和所述第二玻璃膜层270之间。
请一并参阅图14和图15，可选地，显示面板200还包括补偿膜层290，补偿膜层290层叠在第二氧化铟锡膜层250和金属光栅膜层260之间；或者，补偿膜层290层叠在第一玻璃膜层220和第一氧化铟锡膜层230之间。其中，补偿膜层290能够替代偏光板中的补偿膜的光学功能。可选地，补偿膜层290具有光学各向异性。具体地，补偿膜层290的材料为向列相液晶分子材料。更具体地，补偿膜层290采用液晶分子涂布、紫外(Ultraviolet，UV)光固化成型的工艺制备。
请一并参阅图16，在一实施例中，补偿膜层290为两个，两个补偿膜层290中的一个层叠在第二氧化铟锡膜层250和金属光栅膜层260之间，两个补偿膜层290中的另一个层叠在第一玻璃膜层220和第一氧化铟锡膜层230之间。
需要说明的是，请一并参阅图17，显示面板200不限于上述结构，显示面板200的光阻层280还可以层叠在第一玻璃膜层220和第一氧化铟锡膜层230之间。
请一并参阅图18和图19，可选地，补偿膜层290层叠在第二氧化铟锡膜层250和金属光栅膜层260之间；或者，补偿膜层290层叠在光阻层280和第一玻璃膜层220之间。
请一并参阅图20，在一实施例中，补偿膜层290为两个，两个补偿膜层290中的一个层叠在第二氧化铟锡膜层250和金属光栅膜层260之间，两个补偿膜层290中的另一个层叠在光阻层280和第一玻璃膜层220之间。
需要说明的是，显示面板200不限于上述层叠结构，不同膜层可以根据不同需求增加特殊功能的材料，例如，在单功能膜层中增加其他功能材料，而得到多功能膜层。另外，显示面板200中各个膜层的层叠顺序可以根据所需要的功能进行改变，同时，还可以根据需要加入其他功能膜层等等。
上述显示装置10至少具有如下优点：
1)上述单光轴光学膜层211包括板状部211a和设置在板状部211a的一侧上的多个折射部211b，多个折射部211b为弧面柱或四棱柱，单光轴光学膜层211的材料为碟状液晶分子材料，基板层212层叠在板状部211a靠近折射部211b的一侧上，单光轴光学膜层211的寻常光折射率大于基板层212的折射率，光从单光轴光学膜层211射向基板层212，由于折射率的差异，而使光从光密介质射向光疏介质而发生折射现象，而将正视角的光型能量分配到大视角，解决显示面板200的大视角色偏问题；同时，反射光栅膜层213设置在基板层212远离单光轴光学膜层211的一侧上，反射光栅膜层213能够使自然光变成偏振光，而替代厚度较厚的偏光板，而使显示面板200的厚度较薄。因此，上述光学复合膜210不仅能够改善显示面板200的大视角色偏，而且还能够使显示面板200厚度较薄。
2)显示面板200不需要将RGB各子像素划分为主像素及次像素结构，避免再设计金属走线或TFT元件来驱动次像素，造成可透光开口区牺牲，影响面板透率，同时维持了显示面板200的显示解析度和驱动频率。因此，上述光学复合膜210不仅能够改善视角色偏，而且面板透率较好。
3)上述显示面板200的反射光栅膜层213取代下偏光板，金属光栅膜层260取代上偏光板，而使显示面板200的厚度较薄。
应当理解的是，本申请的应用不限于上述的举例，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，所有这些改进和变换都应属于本申请所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种光学复合膜，包括：
    单光轴光学膜层，包括板状部和设置在所述板状部的一侧上的多个折射部，多个所述折射部选自弧面柱及四棱柱中的一种，当多个所述折射部为弧面柱时，所述折射部具有多个侧面，多个所述侧面中的一个为弧形凸面，所述折射部远离所述弧形凸面的侧面与所述板状部相贴合；当多个所述折射部为四棱柱时，所述折射部的一个侧面与所述板状部相贴合，其中，所述单光轴光学膜层的材料为碟状液晶分子材料；
    基板层，层叠在所述板状部靠近所述折射部的一侧上，多个所述折射部收容在所述基板层中，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率大于所述基板层的折射率；
    反射光栅膜层，设置在所述基板层远离所述单光轴光学膜层的一侧上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，所述基板层为具有光学各向同性的透明光学膜层。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，所述基板层选自聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯层、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层、环烯烃共聚物层、三醋酸纤维薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜、二氧化硅层、氮化硅层及玻璃板层中的一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率为1.0～2.5。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，所述基板层的折射率为1.0～2.5。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率与所述基板层的折射率之差为0.01～2。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，多个所述折射部为弧面柱，多个所述折射部沿一直线排布，且多个所述折射部的延伸方向平行。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，多个所述折射部为弧面柱，多个所述折射部呈二维矩阵排布，相邻的两个所述折射部间隔设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，多个所述折射部为四棱柱，多个所述折射部沿一直线排布，且多个所述折射部的延伸方向平行，相邻的两个所述折射部间隔设置。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，多个所述折射部为四棱柱，多个所述折射部呈二维矩阵排布，相邻的两个所述折射部间隔设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，反射光栅膜层包括透明基板和设置在所述透明基板上的多个条形的金属层，多个所述金属层沿一直线间隔并均匀排布，且多个所述金属层的延伸方向相互平行。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光学复合膜，其中，所述单光轴光学膜层的材料为碟状液晶分子材料，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率为1.0～2.5，所述基板层的折射率为1.0～2.5，所述单光轴光学膜层的寻常光折射率与所述基板层的折射率之差为0.01～2。
  13. 一种显示面板，包括权利要求1所述的光学复合膜、第一玻璃膜层、第一氧化铟锡膜层、液晶层、第二氧化铟锡膜层、金属光栅膜层、第二玻璃膜层及光阻层，所述反射光栅膜层与所述第一玻璃膜层、所述第一氧化铟锡膜层、所述液晶层、所述第二氧化铟锡膜层、所述金属光栅膜层、所述第二玻璃膜层依次层叠，所述光阻层层叠在所述金属光栅膜层和所述第二玻璃膜层之间，或者，所述光阻层层叠在所述第一玻璃膜层和所述第一氧化铟锡膜层之间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板，其中，所述光阻层层叠在所述金属光栅膜层和所述第二玻璃膜层之间，所述显示面板还包括补偿膜层，所述补偿膜层层叠在所述第二氧化铟锡膜层和所述金属光栅膜层之间。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板，其中，所述光阻层层叠在所述金 属光栅膜层和所述第二玻璃膜层之间，所述显示面板还包括补偿膜层，所述补偿膜层层叠在所述第一玻璃膜层和所述第一氧化铟锡膜层之间。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板，其中，所述光阻层层叠在所述金属光栅膜层和所述第二玻璃膜层之间，所述显示面板还包括补偿膜层，所述补偿膜层为两个，两个所述补偿膜层中的一个层叠在所述第二氧化铟锡膜层和所述金属光栅膜层之间，另一个层叠在所述第一玻璃膜层和所述第一氧化铟锡膜层之间。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板，其中，所述光阻层层叠在所述第一玻璃膜层和所述第一氧化铟锡膜层之间，所述显示面板还包括补偿膜层，所述补偿膜层层叠在所述第二氧化铟锡膜层和所述金属光栅膜层之间。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板，其中，所述光阻层层叠在所述第一玻璃膜层和所述第一氧化铟锡膜层之间，所述显示面板还包括补偿膜层，所述补偿膜层层叠在所述光阻层和所述第一玻璃膜层之间。
  19. 根据权利要求13所述的显示面板，其中，所述光阻层层叠在所述第一玻璃膜层和所述第一氧化铟锡膜层之间，所述显示面板还包括补偿膜层，所述补偿膜层为两个，两个所述补偿膜层中的一个层叠在所述第二氧化铟锡膜层和所述金属光栅膜层之间，另一个层叠在所述光阻层和所述第一玻璃膜层之间。
  20. 一种显示装置，包括背光源和权利要求13所述的显示面板，所述背光源位于所述显示面板的一侧。
PCT/CN2018/118104 2018-10-30 2018-11-29 光学复合膜、显示面板和显示装置 WO2020087620A1 (zh)

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