WO2020085520A1

WO2020085520A1 - Procedure method for preventing enucleation of abalone pearl using porous nucleus

Info

Publication number: WO2020085520A1
Application number: PCT/KR2018/012511
Authority: WO
Inventors: 김선원; 김판채
Original assignee: 주식회사 사암기술연구원
Priority date: 2018-10-22
Filing date: 2018-10-22
Publication date: 2020-04-30

Abstract

The present invention relates to a procedure method for preventing enucleation of abalone pearl using a porous nucleus, the method being characterized by comprising: a first step for separating an abalone epithelial cell membrane and shell, and exposing the inner surface of the shell which was covered by the epithelial cell membrane; a second step for forming a scratch on the inner surface of the exposed shell; a third step for removing water from the peripheral portion of the shell having the scratch formed thereon, and from the epithelial cell membrane region; a fourth step for fixing a nucleus (100) on the inner surface of the shell having the scratch formed thereon; and a fifth step for covering the fixed nucleus (100) with the epithelial cell membrane, wherein the nucleus (100) has a porous structure having fine pores formed on the surface and on the inside. FIG. 10:

Description

Method for preventing denuclearization of abalone pearls using porous nuclei

The present invention relates to a method for preventing denuclearization of a nucleus inserted into an abalone, by using a porous nucleus, doubles the growth rate of the nacres, and at the same time, the synthetic resin is made of scratches on the shell surface to which the nuclei are attached and fine pores on the porous nucleus surface. B. It is characterized by increasing the adhesion of the nucleus by allowing the adhesive component (cyanoacrylate) to permeate and harden more rapidly and firmly.

The abalone belongs to the gastropod family, and the underside (inner surface) of the shell (shell) of the abalone is large open and has strong pearl luster. The molluscs are wrapped in a shell (shell), attached to the shell by the shell, and the upper limbs develop around it. The feet are large and wide, and the head has a pair of tactile feels and antennae. There are 1 pair of gills, 1 pair of heart depths, and symmetry.

In the production of conventional abalone pearls, the method of inserting pearl nuclei is divided into a method of attaching to a shell and a method of drilling a shell.

The method of attaching the shell fixes the nucleus in a short time with synthetic resin on the underside and shell of the nucleus, and then puts it in seawater. Since the abalone containing the nucleus always acts in seawater, there is a problem that the nucleation rate of the inserted nucleus is high. . To reduce this, a perforation method is performed. The perforation method is a method in which a nucleus is inserted and fixed after perforation to a shell, and the stress caused by the shell perforation adversely affects the growth of the abdomen. When using the method of pushing inward, the size of the perforated hole had to be relatively large, which caused the stress caused by the shell cutting to be too large, adversely affecting the growth of the abalone, prolonging the period of pearl growth, and increasing the mortality rate. .

Moreover, the abalone has a single shell, unlike pearl shells, which have two shells, and is ecologically mobile and very active, so it has a sense organ when foreign substances enter the shell (shell shell) When you feel the threat due to the instinctive nature of the abalone that moves the back violently and discharges foreign substances to the outside of the shell, the core inserted with strong adsorption power and severe body movement is easily denuclearized and cannot produce pearls, so it requires advanced farming techniques. .

In conclusion, the conventional method of attaching the shell has a problem that the retention rate of the nucleus inserted inside the shell is low, and the denuclearization rate of the inserted nucleus is high, and in the case of drilling, there is a problem of a decrease in pearl growth rate and an increase in mortality.

[Advanced technical literature]

Patent Publication No. 10-2001-0057027

Patent Publication No. 10-2003-0009864

The present invention, created to solve the above problems, uses a porous nucleus and at the same time forms a scratch on the inner surface of the shell to stimulate the abalone sensational organs to induce the abalone's self-defense instinct, thereby promoting the growth of abalone and the growth of nacres. The aim is to lower the denuclearization of the treated nucleus.

The composition of the present invention created to achieve the above object is as follows.

The present invention relates to a treatment method for preventing denuclearization of an abalone pearl by using a porous nucleus, a first step of separating the epithelial cell membrane and the shell of the abalone to expose the inner surface of the shell covered by the epithelial cell membrane; A second step of forming a scratch on the surface of the inner surface of the exposed shell; A third step of removing moisture from the periphery of the epithelial membrane and the periphery of the shell where the scratch is formed; A fourth step of fixing the nucleus 100 to the inner surface of the shell where the scratch is formed; And, the fifth step of covering the epithelial cell membrane over the fixed nucleus 100; consisting of, the nucleus 100 is characterized in that the porous structure is excellent in the adsorption force is formed by fine pores on the surface and inside.

Technical effects according to the configuration of the present invention are as follows.

First, it is possible to significantly lower the denuclearization rate of the inserted nucleus by scratching the abalone shell.

In other words, when foreign matter enters the inside of the shell, the abalone is moved and strongly absorbed by the shellfish (scallops and clam muscles), which have sensory organs, and the foreign matter is pulled out. By forming scratches of various shapes (horizontal, vertical, diagonal, checkerboard, diamond, and circular) on these abalone shells, when they are fixed to synthetic nuclei or shells with synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate, the abalones are strongly absorbed by moving the shellfish, etc. severely. Since the synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate is firmly fixed into the grooves scratched on the shell by the bottom of the porous core and the scratched shell, the denuclearization rate of the treated pearl core can be significantly lowered.

Second, by forming a scratch on the shell of the area covered by the epithelial cell envelope, it stimulates the sensory organs of the abalone to induce the instinctive instinct of the abalone and rapidly builds up the stratum corneum, twill layer, and pearly layer to prevent denuclearization as well as to prevent abalone pearls. The training period can be shortened to improve efficiency and reduce costs.

Third, by using a porous nucleus, it is possible to improve productivity by doubling the growth rate of the nacres.

In other words, when the porous nucleus is used, it has an advantage of speeding up the growth rate of the mother-of-pearl because it has excellent adsorption or absorption power for the calcium component present in the seawater and the secretion of abalone, which is the main component for forming the mother-of-pearl. This advantage can be said to be a progressive and creative result not found in conventional nuclei. In general, in the case of porous nuclei, the growth rate of the nacre layer (approximately 0.0056 to 0.0074 mm / day) grows to about 0.17 to 0.22 mm per month, and these results are compared to those with no porosity (nuclei produced by processing shells). If it is at least twice as fast as the lower surface, the core without porosity requires a long farming period of 1 year or longer, but in the present invention, it takes only 5 to 6 months. It can produce pearls with a marketability of 0.4mm or more in the nacre layer.

Fourth, it is possible to prevent adhesion deterioration by rapidly curing the synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate that fixes the nucleus by applying heat between the porous nucleus and the shell, and at the same time completely removing moisture at the site where the porous nucleus is attached. In addition, synthetic pores or cyanoacrylates rapidly penetrate into the micropores of the porous nucleus surface contacting the shell surface and the narrow gaps of the scratched shell surface to increase adhesion. In addition, by applying heat during the bonding process, synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate can only erode some areas of the fine pores formed in the porous nucleus, thereby enhancing adhesion and securing the porous area as much as possible so that the growth promoting function of the pearl layer is not inhibited. have. In addition, it is possible to prevent the death or growth of the abalone by preventing heat from being transferred to the epithelial cell coat membrane in the process of applying heat using the protective barrier 200. When the curing is delayed, pores of the porous nucleus are blocked with synthetic resin, and thus it is impossible to expect an effect of promoting the formation of nacres due to the porous nucleus.

Fifth, by flattening the inner surface of the rugged shell to be suitable for attaching the nucleus through scratch formation, it is possible to minimize the variation caused by the appearance of the abalone shell and to perform pearl nuclei on more abalone, thereby achieving cost reduction effect.

In other words, the best thing to do with the nucleus in the form of a shell is that the shell is close to the plane. Of the 1,000 abalones, the abalone that can be treated with pearl nuclei is about 20 ~ 30%, and the rest of the shell is uneven. Because it has an irregular shape, it is very difficult to fix the nucleus, and even if the nucleus is fixed, there are problems in which many are denuclearized. Numerous pearls can be treated with nuclei.

Sixth, with minimal scratching, it is possible to produce high quality pearls and prevent denuclearization of abalone pearls.

In other words, after drilling one or more holes within about 1 to 5 mm in the scratched shell part, insert the fixing protrusion of the nucleus from the inside of the shell toward the outside and fix it with a bolt and nut fastening method, or with synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate By fixing, the nucleation rate of the nucleus can be lowered to close to 0%. Conventionally, due to the denuclearization, large sized nuclei of various shapes could not be operated on small abalone, but the sensory organs of the abalone were stimulated by scratching as in the present invention. If you promote the growth of the shell by inducing the abalone's self-defense instinct, you can lower the nucleation rate of the nucleus to close to 0%, as well as insert a slightly larger size nucleus into the small abalone, producing high-quality abalone pearls. .

1 schematically shows the biostructure of the abalone.

Figure 2 shows the process of separating the epithelial membrane.

Figure 3 shows the state of separating the epithelial cell membrane as a protective barrier.

4 exemplarily shows various forms of the protective partition 200.

Figure 5 shows the process of forming a scratch on the inner surface of the shell.

6 shows a state in which scratches are formed.

7 shows a state in which a nucleus is attached to a shell region where a scratch is formed.

8 exemplarily shows various forms of the nucleus 100.

Figure 9 shows the process of returning to the original position while removing the protective septum, the epithelial envelope is covering the nucleus.

10 is a block diagram showing each process of the present invention.

[Description of codes]

100: nuclear

110: fixed projection

200: protective bulkhead

10: Shell

11: breathing hole

20: epithelial outer membrane

30: internal organs

31: Reproductive Center

32: Heart

40: Shellfish

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention relates to a surgical method for preventing denuclearization of an abalone pearl by using a porous nucleus, and the biological structure of the abalone is as shown in FIG. 1, and the present invention is a shell that is exposed by separating the epithelial cell membrane of the abalone. It is a key feature to form a scratch on the inner surface of the body to induce self-defense instinct of the abalone.

Hereinafter, the procedure of the present invention will be described step by step, and each of these steps is arranged in a block diagram in FIG. 10.

(0) Preparatory stage

As a preparatory step prior to performing the procedure, the abalone to be treated is selected and the selected abalone is stabilized, and the weight of approximately 100 g per dog is selected and stabilized by maintaining a certain time in an aquarium.

In addition, a process of producing a porous nucleus 100 to be used in the procedure as a preliminary preparation step is included.The porous nucleus 100 includes 80 to 90 parts by weight of apatite hydroxide (Ca ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ (OH) ₂ ) Amorphous AlPO ₄ is produced by mixing 10 to 20 parts by weight and then calcining at 1200 to 1300 ° C for 11 to 13 hours.

During the calcination process, OH ions (OH ^- ions) contained in apatite hydroxide (Ca ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ (OH) ₂ ) volatilize, and fine pores are formed on the surface and inside of the nucleus 100. The diameter is approximately 2 to 5 µm.

(1) Step 1

This is the process of separating the shell of the epithelial epithelial membrane from the abalone and exposing the inner surface of the shell covered by the epithelial membrane.

As shown in Fig. 2, the epithelial membrane is slowly applied to the epithelial cell membrane to separate it from the shell, but be careful not to apply too much force instantaneously.

When the epithelial cell outer membrane is separated from the shell, a protective barrier 200 is formed between the inner surface area of the shell to be scratched and the separated epithelial outer membrane to block the epithelial outer membrane from returning to its original position. do.

The protective barrier 200 may be a simple flat plate, as shown in FIG. 4, or both ends of the flat plate may be in the form of a bent channel, and only serve as a barrier that can block the return of the separated epithelial membrane. If it is, it can be modified in various other forms.

(2) Stage 2

This is the process of forming a scratch on the inner surface of the exposed shell.

Scratch is formed in various shapes such as horizontal, vertical, diagonal, checkerboard, diamond, and circular shapes using tools such as sandpaper, awl, knife, handpiece, and power tools. The depth of the scratch is 0.2mm to 0.8 It is mm and the width is preferably 1.5 to 3 times the cross-sectional area of the nucleus 100. The scratch is formed to an appropriate degree in consideration of the size or shape of the abalone and the size or shape of the nucleus 100.

Figure 5 shows the process of forming a scratch on the inner surface of the shell, showing an example of forming a scratch on the inner surface of the shell using a knife.

In addition, Figure 6 shows the inner surface of the shell formed with a scratch, but rather than a state in which the scratch is completely formed, it is understood that it is intended to stop the work for a while in the middle of forming the scratch and to show the surface of the shell with the scratch formed.

(3) Stage 3

This is the process of removing moisture from the periphery of the epithelial membrane and the periphery of the shell where the scratch is formed.

In this process, by-products and water generated during the scratch-forming process are removed together using a towel or a cloth.

(4) Step 4

This is a process of fixing the porous nucleus 100 formed on the surface and the inside of the fine pores on the inner surface of the shell where the scratch is formed. When the nucleus 100 is attached, it may be in a state as shown in FIG. 7. In this process, any one of the following three may be selected.

A synthetic resin is attached to the inner surface of the shell formed with a scratch using synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate, and heated by spraying hot air through a nozzle on the inner surface of the shell to which the porous core 100 is attached. It promotes curing of cyanoacrylate and removes moisture.

In other words, the micropores on the surface of the porous nucleus 100 contacting the shell surface and the narrow gaps of the scratched shell surface rapidly penetrate the synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate to increase the adhesion and at the same time, the porous core 100 during the adhesion process. Heat is applied between the shell and the shell at about 65 to 85 ° C, so that only a portion of the fine pores formed in the porous core of the synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate is eroded. In this way, it is possible to prevent the growth promoting function of the mother-of-pearl by being prevented from being inhibited by strengthening the adhesion and securing the porous region as much as possible. In addition, it is possible to achieve an effect of completely removing water between the nucleus 100 and the shell that greatly affects denuclearization. At this time, the process of applying heat must be very elaborate, because if the epithelial cell membrane of the abalone is reduced by heat, it has a lot of adverse effect on pearl formation, so that the period of pearl formation becomes very long or the probability of generating valuable pearls as jewelry increases. Because, severely, it leads to death.

Before attaching the porous core 100 to the inner surface of the shell, the porous core 100 is previously heated with a lighter, torch or electric oven, and then attached to the inner surface surface of the scratched shell using synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate.

That is, before attaching the porous nucleus 100, the porous nucleus 100 is previously heated with a lighter or a torch, or the porous nucleus 100 is inserted into an electric oven, set to about 95 to 100 ° C, and then taken out during the nuclear procedure to take out synthetic resin or cyan. Quickly cure by applying no acrylate.

When the porous nucleus 100 is previously heated in this way, the effect of removing water and preventing the erosion of pores of the porous nucleus 100 can be more reliably achieved.

Depending on the shell type of the abalone, there are cases where the nucleus cannot be stably fixed only by simple attachment. In this case, a hole is drilled from the inside to the outside on the inner surface of the shell where the scratch is formed, and the nucleus 100 is drilled in the hole. The fixing protrusion 110 protruding from the lower surface of the shell is inserted into the outer side from the inside of the shell to fix the porous nucleus 100.

That is, in the case of fixing the nucleus only by means of adhesion without perforation and in the case of perforation, the shape of the nucleus 100 to be used must be changed. When not perforating, the nucleus 100 as shown in FIG. 8 (a) is used. ), The form without the fixed protrusion 110 is used, and when drilling, the form in which the fixed protrusion 110 is formed as shown in FIG. 8 (b) is used. When the fixing protrusion 110 is formed, it may be simply inserted into the shell to fix it with synthetic resin, or the like, and a screw may be provided at the end of the fixing protrusion 110 to fasten the nut, and the fixing protrusion 110 is provided with a pinhole It can also be fixed by inserting a pin.

When the fixing protrusion 110 is formed, it can be screwed with a nut at the end of the fixing protrusion 110 protruding outward of the shell, or can be fixed by inserting a pin from the outside of the shell, or simply synthetic resin or cyanoacrylic. You can also fix it by putting a rate on it.

In addition, the shape of the porous nucleus 100 can also be various shapes such as hemispherical, elliptical, discoid, and spherical, as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and (b), and the size of the nucleus can be varied in consideration of the size of the abalone. It can be determined, the diameter or the maximum length is usually used within the range of 16 to 18 mm, the height except for the fixing protrusion 110 is used within the range of 5 to 7 mm.

(5) Step 5

This is a process of covering the epithelial cell membrane over the fixed nucleus 100.

That is, as shown in Fig. 9, as the process of covering the shell with the epithelial cell membrane returning to its original position by removing the protective septum 200, the abalone pearl procedure is completed and the aquaculture is performed in the farm.

When the procedure is performed in this way, the denuclearization rate is significantly reduced compared to the conventional procedure, and in the aquaculture farm after the procedure of forming scratches and attaching the porous nucleus 100 to the shell inner surface of 200 abalones as in the present invention. In the case of farming for 90 days (Experimental group 1), the rate of denuclearization was only about 2%, but 90 days at the ground farm after the procedure of attaching only the porous nucleus 100 to the inner surface of the shell without scratching 200 abalone. In the case of farming for a while (control group 1), the denuclearization rate is around 19%.

Even if the fish were cultured for 90 days in a marine cage farm after the same procedure, the rate of denuclearization in the case of forming a scratch according to the present invention (Experiment 2) was around 3%, which was not different from that of a land farm (increased by 1%). In the case of no scratch formation (Control 2), it can be seen that the denuclearization rate increased by about 22.5 percent compared to the land farm (3.5 percent increase). The reason for the increase in the denuclearization rate of the marine cage farm when performing the procedure in the conventional method is determined to be due to the increase in the movement and stress of the abalone under the influence of the current or waves. You can see that there is no significant change in the population regardless of the type.

구 분division	2일2 days	7일7 days	15일15th	30일30 days	50일50 days	90일90 days	탈핵율 %Denuclearization rate%
실험군1Experiment group 1	1One	22	1One	--	--	--	2 %2 %
대조군1Control 1	99	1414	99	66	--	--	19 %19%

구 분division	2일2 days	7일7 days	15일15th	30일30 days	50일50 days	90일90 days	탈핵율 %Denuclearization rate%
실험군2Experiment group 2	22	33	1One	--	--	--	3 %3%
대조군2Control 2	1212	1818	99	66	--	--	22.5 %22.5%

As described above, specific embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not necessarily limited to these embodiments, and various design changes and announcements are made within the scope of not changing the technical gist of the present invention. In the case of addition or deletion of technology, simple numerical limitation, etc., it is apparent that it falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

As a treatment method for preventing denuclearization of an abalone pearl by using a porous nucleus,

A first step of separating the shell from the epithelial cell membrane of the abalone and exposing the inner surface of the shell covered by the epithelial cell membrane;

A second step of forming a scratch on the surface of the inner surface of the exposed shell;

A third step of removing moisture from the periphery of the epithelial membrane and the periphery of the shell where the scratch is formed;

A fourth step of fixing the nucleus 100 to the inner surface of the shell where the scratch is formed; And,

A fifth step of covering the epithelial cell membrane over the fixed nucleus 100;

Is made of,

The nucleus 100 is a method of preventing denuclearization of an abalone pearl using a porous nucleus, characterized in that it is a porous structure in which fine pores are formed on the surface and inside.
In claim 1,

The first step is,

Further comprising the process of blocking the return path of the epithelial cell membrane by erecting a protective partition 200 between the inner surface area of the shell to be scratched and the separated epithelial cell membrane,

The fifth step is,

A method of preventing denuclearization of an abalone pearl using a porous nucleus, further comprising a process of removing the protective barrier 200.
In claim 1,

The second step is

The depth of the scratch is 0.2mm to 0.8mm, and the width is 1.5 times to 3 times the cross-sectional area of the nucleus 100.
In claim 1,

The third step is

A method of preventing denuclearization of an abalone pearl using a porous nucleus, which includes removing by-products and water generated during the scratch formation process using a towel or cloth.
In claim 1,

The fourth step is

Attaching the nucleus 100 using synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate to the inner surface of the shell formed with a scratch; And,

The process of removing moisture while simultaneously promoting the curing of synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate by applying heat by spraying warm air through a nozzle on the inner surface of the shell inside the core 100 is attached;

or,

After heating the nucleus 100 with a lighter, a torch or an electric oven, using synthetic resin or cyanoacrylate to attach to the inner surface of the shell where the scratch is formed; or

or,

The process of fixing the nucleus 100 by drilling a hole in the inner surface of the shell formed with a scratch, and inserting the fixing protrusion 110 protruding from the lower surface of the nucleus 100 in the perforated hole from the inner side of the shell to the outer side; Method for preventing denuclearization of abalone pearls using a porous nucleus, characterized in that consisting of.