WO2020084946A1 - High-pressure tank - Google Patents

High-pressure tank Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020084946A1
WO2020084946A1 PCT/JP2019/035837 JP2019035837W WO2020084946A1 WO 2020084946 A1 WO2020084946 A1 WO 2020084946A1 JP 2019035837 W JP2019035837 W JP 2019035837W WO 2020084946 A1 WO2020084946 A1 WO 2020084946A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reinforcing fiber
fiber
fiber member
reinforcing
container body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/035837
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
板垣　修
栗山　雄治
崇 光田
Original Assignee
豊田合成株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 豊田合成株式会社 filed Critical 豊田合成株式会社
Publication of WO2020084946A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020084946A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J12/00—Pressure vessels in general
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
    • F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high pressure tank.
  • the high-pressure tank includes a container body that stores gas and a reinforcing layer that reinforces the container body.
  • the container body has a cylindrical body portion and dome portions formed on both axial sides of the body portion.
  • the reinforcing layer is a layer in which a fiber reinforced member is wound around the outer surface of the container body in order to increase the pressure resistance of the high pressure tank.
  • the reinforcing layer has a single fiber-reinforced resin sheet that is orbited multiple times.
  • This fiber-reinforced resin sheet is composed of a first reinforcing fiber member extending along the axial direction of the body portion, and a second reinforcing fiber member extending in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the body portion and rotating.
  • the reinforcing layer is formed by winding the fiber-reinforced resin sheet around the outer surface of the container body over a plurality of circumferences.
  • the reinforcing layer of the dome portion is formed by twisting the axial end portion of the fiber reinforced resin sheet in the circumferential direction.
  • the strength of the dome portion may be insufficient.
  • a linear continuous fiber filament which is different from the fiber reinforced resin sheet and is wound at a low angle on the outer surface of the container body (that is, in-plane winding), is added. It is reinforced by doing.
  • the thickness of the low-angle helical layer can be reduced.
  • the strength against fiber displacement of the reinforcing layer due to twisting does not become so high, so that high pressure resistance of the dome portion can be ensured. Therefore, it is necessary to wrap the continuous fiber filament over a plurality of laps by the filament winding method. Therefore, the manufacturing time of the high-pressure tank becomes long and the manufacturing cost increases.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-pressure tank capable of ensuring high pressure resistance of the dome portion without increasing the manufacturing cost.
  • One aspect of the present invention is a container body having a tubular body portion and dome portions formed in dome shapes at both axial ends of the body portion, and a plurality of circumferences on an outer surface of the container body. And a reinforcing layer wound around the outer surface of the body portion, wherein the fiber extends in a first direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the body portion and circulates.
  • a high-pressure tank having a seat and A.
  • the body portion of the container body is fastened by the first, second, and third reinforcing fiber members extending in three different directions, and the dome portion of the container body extends in two different directions. It is wound and fastened by the second and third reinforcing fiber members. Therefore, the pressure resistance of the dome portion can be improved as compared with the structure in which the dome portion is wound and fastened by the unidirectional reinforcing fiber member. Further, when the reinforcing fiber member is wound around the outer surface of the dome portion, the work of winding one fiber-reinforced resin sheet around the outer surface of the dome portion may be performed. For this reason, it is not necessary to separately wind the linear fiber at a low angle by helical winding (in-plane winding). The manufacturing time can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be reduced by suppressing an increase in the size of the manufacturing facility, as compared with the structure in which the circuit is continuously wound. Therefore, it is possible to secure high pressure resistance of the dome portion without increasing the manufacturing cost.
  • FIG. 1 It is the figure which represented typically the structure of the high-pressure tank which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a block diagram before winding the fiber reinforced resin sheet with which the high-pressure tank of 1st embodiment is equipped with the container main body. It is a perspective view during manufacture of the high-pressure tank of the first embodiment. It is a development view for explaining the difference in structure between the body part and the dome part after winding the fiber reinforced resin sheet (excluding the hoop layer) included in the high-pressure tank of the first embodiment around the container body. It is a block diagram of the reinforcement layer with which the high-pressure tank which concerns on 2nd embodiment is equipped.
  • the high-pressure tank 1 of the first embodiment is a pressure-resistant container filled with, for example, hydrogen gas or natural gas at high pressure.
  • the high-pressure tank 1 is mounted on, for example, an automobile.
  • the high pressure tank 1 includes a container body 10 and a reinforcing layer 30.
  • the container body 10 is a hollow liner that forms the inner wall layer of the high-pressure tank 1.
  • the container body 10 has a body portion 11 and a dome portion 12 as parts.
  • the body portion 11 is a portion formed in a cylindrical shape.
  • the body portion 11 has a circular cross section and has a predetermined outer diameter.
  • the dome portion 12 is a hemispherical portion.
  • the dome portion 12 is provided at each of both axial end portions of the body portion 11.
  • the dome portion 12 is formed in a state (dome shape) in which the bowl is laid down on the axial end portion of the body portion 11.
  • the container body 10 is formed so that the body portion 11 and the two dome portions 12 are integrated.
  • the interior space of the container body 10 is filled with gas.
  • the direction in which the axes of the high-pressure tank 1, the container body 10, and the body portion 11 extend will be appropriately referred to as the axial direction A.
  • the container body 10 has a liner portion 20 and a base 21 as components. That is, the container body 10 is configured by assembling the liner portion 20 and the base 21.
  • the liner portion 20 and the base 21 form the above-mentioned body portion 11 and dome portion 12 in a state where they are assembled to each other.
  • the liner portion 20 is formed in a shape (that is, a substantially cylindrical shape) that forms at least the body portion 11.
  • the liner portion 20 may be formed so as to include at least a part of the dome portion 12.
  • the liner portion 20 is formed of a material having a gas barrier property (for example, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, other hard resin, etc.).
  • the liner portion 20 may be a metal liner formed of a material such as aluminum.
  • An opening 22 is provided at each end of the liner portion 20 in the axial direction.
  • the opening 22 is formed in a substantially circular shape centering on the axial center of the body portion 11.
  • the base 21 is fitted into the opening 22.
  • the bases 21 are fixed to both axial end portions of the liner portion 20, respectively.
  • the base 21 is fixed to the liner portion 20 by screwing or fitting the two, or by insert molding.
  • the base 21 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and has a boss portion 23 and a flange portion 24.
  • the tip side of the boss portion 23 of the base 21 projects outward in the axial direction A from the apex of the dome portion 12.
  • the base 21 is formed of a metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • a valve (not shown) is attached to the base 21 by screwing.
  • the reinforcing layer 30 is a reinforcing member that forms the outer wall layer of the high-pressure tank 1 and covers the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the reinforcing layer 30 is made of high-strength fiber impregnated with resin.
  • This high-strength fiber is, for example, carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or the like.
  • the resin with which the high-strength fiber is impregnated is a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or a vinyl ester resin.
  • the resin with which the high-strength fiber is impregnated may be a thermoplastic resin such as polyester resin or polyethylene resin.
  • the reinforcing layer 30 is fixed to the outer surface side of the container body 10 by hardening or solidifying the resin impregnated in the high-strength fiber while covering the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the high-strength fiber may be impregnated with the resin before or after covering the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the reinforcing layer 30 has a hoop layer and a helical layer.
  • the hoop layer is a layer in which the direction of the fibers extends substantially perpendicular to the axial direction A of the container body 10.
  • the hoop layer is formed on the outer surface side of the body portion 11 of the container body 10 and is provided for winding and tightening the body portion 11.
  • the helical layer is a layer in which the direction of the fibers is inclined with respect to the axial direction A of the container body 10.
  • This helical layer is a low-angle helical layer having a relatively small angle at which the direction of the fibers inclines relative to the axial direction A of the container body 10, and the outer surface of both the body portion 11 and the dome portion 12 of the container body 10.
  • a high-angle helical layer having a larger inclination angle with respect to the axial direction A than the low-angle helical layer may be further formed.
  • Both the hoop layer and the helical layer of the reinforcing layer 30 are formed by the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 as shown in FIG.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 is a member formed into a single sheet.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 is formed into a sheet shape in advance before being wound around the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 is configured by weaving fibers oriented in a plurality of directions (specifically, three directions).
  • the term “fiber” means not only one fiber but also a fiber bundle in which a plurality of fibers are bundled.
  • the sheet shape means that not only the fibers extend in the extending direction, but also a plurality of fibers are integrally arranged in a direction orthogonal to the fiber direction and arranged side by side along the axial length of the container body 10. It is that you are.
  • the fiber tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 is about 6.5 GPa.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 has three reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, and 34 in which fibers extend in different directions.
  • the reinforcing fiber member 32 is made of fibers extending in an orthogonal direction B orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body portion 11.
  • the reinforcing fiber member 32 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 and wound around to form a hoop layer.
  • Each of the reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 is made of a fiber that extends obliquely with respect to the axial direction A of the body portion 11.
  • the reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 are wound around the outer surfaces of the body portion 11 and the dome portion 12 and wound around to form a helical layer.
  • the reinforcing fiber member 32 is referred to as the first reinforcing fiber member 32
  • the reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 are referred to as the second reinforcing fiber member 33 and the third reinforcing fiber member 34, respectively.
  • the second reinforcing fiber member 33 extends in a direction C different from the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber member 32 extends and intersects the first reinforcing fiber member 32.
  • the angle formed by the extending direction C of the second reinforcing fiber member 33 with respect to the orthogonal direction B of the first reinforcing fiber member 32 is For example, it is 10 ° -80 ° (preferably 45 °).
  • the third reinforcing fiber member 34 extends in a direction D different from the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber member 32 extends and different from the direction C in which the second reinforcing fiber member 33 extends. It intersects with both 32 and the second reinforcing fiber member 33.
  • the intersections of the third reinforcing fiber members 34 are line-symmetrical to the second reinforcing fiber members 33 with reference to the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber members 32 extend.
  • the angle formed by the extending direction D of the third reinforcing fiber member 34 with respect to the orthogonal direction B of the first reinforcing fiber member 32 is For example, it is 10 ° -80 ° (preferably 45 °).
  • the first reinforcing fiber member 32, the second reinforcing fiber member 33, and the third reinforcing fiber member 34 are woven together to form the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 has an axial length that is longer than the axial length of the container body 10 before being wound around the container body 10.
  • the reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, and 34 are woven in the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 such that the area of the second reinforcing fiber member 33 covers the entire area of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 and the area of the third reinforcing fiber member 34 is the fiber. It is performed so that the entire area of the reinforced resin sheet 31 is covered and the area of the first reinforced fiber member 32 is occupied only by the area of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 corresponding to the outer surface of the body portion 11.
  • the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 covers the container body 10 by being wrapped around the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the first reinforcing fiber member 32 extends along the outer surface of the body portion 11 in the orthogonal direction B orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body portion 11,
  • the reinforcing fiber member 33 extends along the outer surface of the container body 10 in a direction C different from the orthogonal direction B thereof, and the third reinforcing fiber member 34 along the outer surface of the container body 10 different from the orthogonal direction B thereof. It is formed and arranged so as to extend in a direction D different from the direction C.
  • the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10 over a plurality of circumferences and laminated on the outer side in the radial direction.
  • the high pressure tank 1 is manufactured by the following procedure. Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 3, a single fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 forming the reinforcing layer 30 is wound in a state of being wound in parallel with the container body 10 in the axial direction A, and the fiber-reinforced By rotating the container body 10 around the axis while pulling out the resin sheet 31, the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 of the container body 10. Next, by performing a process of winding a film on the outer surface of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31, the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 is shaped and wound along the outer surface of the dome portion 12 of the container body 10.
  • the resin component of the reinforcing layer 30 is cured or solidified, and the reinforcing layer 30 is formed into a container. It is fixed to the outer surface of the main body 10. Thereby, the high-pressure tank 1 is manufactured in a state where the reinforcing layer 30 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the body portion 11 of the container body 10 is tightened by the first reinforcing fiber member 32, the second reinforcing fiber member 33, and the third reinforcing fiber member 34 of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31.
  • the dome portion 12 of the container body 10 is fastened by the second reinforcing fiber member 33 and the third reinforcing fiber member 34 of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31.
  • the body portion 11 is wound in a mesh shape by the reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, 34 extending in three different directions and intersecting with each other. Therefore, the strength of the body portion 11 can be increased and the pressure resistance of the body portion 11 can be improved as compared with the structure in which the body portion 11 is wound and fastened by the unidirectional or bidirectional reinforcing fiber members.
  • the dome portion 12 is wound in a mesh shape by the reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 that extend in two different directions and intersect with each other. Therefore, the strength of the dome portion 12 can be increased and the pressure resistance of the dome portion 12 can be improved as compared with the structure in which the dome portion 12 is wound and fastened by the unidirectional reinforcing fiber member.
  • the fibers of the second reinforcing fiber member 33 and the third reinforcing fiber wound around the outer surface of the dome portion 12 are fastened.
  • the angle (dome-side crossing angle) ⁇ in the range including the axial direction A formed by the fibers of the member 34 is the fibers of the second reinforcing fiber member 33 and the third reinforcing fibers wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11. It is different from the angle (body-side crossing angle) ⁇ in the range including the axial direction A formed by the fibers of the member 34.
  • the dome portion side crossing angle ⁇ is tightened so that it is larger than the body portion side crossing angle ⁇ with reference to the axial direction A. Further, the dome portion-side crossing angle ⁇ gradually changes from the connecting portion side of the dome portion 12 and the body portion 11 to the top of the dome portion 12, and specifically increases.
  • FIG. 4 shows the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 from which the first reinforcing fiber member 32 is omitted.
  • the three-direction reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, 34 wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 constitute one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31.
  • the bidirectional reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 wound around the outer surface of the dome portion 12 constitute one fiber reinforced resin sheet 31.
  • one fiber is wound on the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the band shape means that a plurality of fibers are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the fiber direction in a narrower range than the sheet shape extending over the axial length of the container body 10. Further, the linear shape means that one fiber itself or a plurality of fibers are bundled into one.
  • the manufacturing time can be shortened and the manufacturing time can be shortened as compared with the structure in which the linear or strip-shaped fiber is laid on the outer surface of the body portion 11 extending in the axial direction A for a plurality of turns while being displaced in the axial direction A. It is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost by suppressing the enlargement of the equipment. In addition, the manufacturing time can be shortened and the size of the manufacturing equipment can be suppressed as compared with the structure in which the linear or band-shaped fiber is lapped on the outer surface of the dome portion 12 over a plurality of circumferences while shifting the inclination angle. The manufacturing cost can be reduced.
  • the high pressure resistance of the body portion 11 and the high pressure resistance of the dome portion 12 can be ensured without increasing the manufacturing cost.
  • the orthogonal direction B is the "first direction” described in the claims
  • the direction C and the direction D are the "second direction” and the “second direction” described in the claims. It corresponds to each of the three directions.
  • the high-pressure tank 100 of the second embodiment is, like the high-pressure tank 1 of the first embodiment, a pressure-resistant container that is mounted in, for example, an automobile and that is filled with hydrogen gas or natural gas at high pressure.
  • the high-pressure tank 100 is different from the high-pressure tank 1 of the first embodiment in that the reinforcing layer 30 is composed of one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31. It has a structure including a sheet 111 and a reinforcing fiber member 112.
  • the same components as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
  • the high-pressure tank 100 includes a reinforcing layer 110, as shown in FIG.
  • the reinforcement layer 110 is an outer wall layer of the high-pressure tank 100, and, like the reinforcement layer 30, is a reinforcement member that covers the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the reinforcing layer 110 includes a fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 and a reinforcing fiber member 112.
  • the helical layer of the reinforcing layer 110 is formed by the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111.
  • the hoop layer of the reinforcing layer 110 is formed by the reinforcing fiber member 112.
  • the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is a member formed into a single sheet.
  • the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is formed into a sheet shape in advance before being wound around the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is formed by weaving fibers oriented in two directions.
  • the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 has two reinforced fiber members 113 and 114 whose fibers extend in different directions.
  • Each of the reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 is made of a fiber extending obliquely with respect to the axial direction A of the body 11.
  • the reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 are wound around the outer surfaces of the body portion 11 and the dome portion 12 and wound around to form a helical layer.
  • the reinforcing fiber member 112 is referred to as the first reinforcing fiber member 112
  • the reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 are referred to as the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the third reinforcing fiber member 114, respectively.
  • the first reinforced fiber member 112 is provided separately from the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111.
  • the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is made of fibers extending in an orthogonal direction B that is orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body portion 11.
  • the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 and wraps around to form a hoop layer.
  • the first reinforcing fiber member 112 has a linear shape in which one fiber or one fiber bundle extends, a strip shape in which a plurality of fibers or a plurality of fiber bundles are arranged in the axial direction A, or a plurality of fibers. Also, a plurality of fiber bundles are formed in a sheet shape arranged along the length of the body portion 11 in the axial direction.
  • the second reinforcing fiber member 113 extends in a direction C different from the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber member 112 extends and intersects the first reinforcing fiber member 112.
  • the angle formed by the extending direction C of the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the orthogonal direction B of the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is, for example, 10 ° -80 ° (preferably 45 °).
  • the third reinforcing fiber member 114 extends in a direction D different from the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber member 112 extends and different from the direction C in which the second reinforcing fiber member 113 extends. It intersects with both 112 and the second reinforcing fiber member 113.
  • intersections of the third reinforcing fiber members 114 are arranged to be line-symmetrical to the second reinforcing fiber members 113 with reference to the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber members 112 extend.
  • the angle formed by the extending direction D of the third reinforcing fiber member 114 with respect to the orthogonal direction B of the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is, for example, 10 ° -80 ° (preferably 45 °).
  • the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the third reinforcing fiber member 114 are woven together to form the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 has an axial length that is longer than the axial length of the container body 10 before being wound around the container body 10.
  • the reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 are woven in the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 so as to cover the entire area of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 covers the container body 10 by being wrapped around the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the second reinforcing fiber member 113 extends in the direction C along the outer surface of the container body 10
  • the third reinforcing fiber member 114 extends along the outer surface of the container body 10. It is formed and arranged so as to extend in the direction D.
  • the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10 over a plurality of circumferences and laminated on the outer side in the radial direction.
  • first reinforcing fiber member 112 is orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body 11 along the outer surface of the body 11 before the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10. It is formed and arranged so as to extend in the direction B.
  • the high pressure tank 100 is manufactured by the following procedure. Specifically, first, the first reinforcing fiber member 112 forming the hoop layer of the reinforcing layer 110 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 of the container body 10 over a plurality of turns. Next, one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 forming the helical layer of the reinforcing layer 110 is wound in a state of being aligned in the axial direction A with respect to the container body 10 around which the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is wound. By rotating the container body 10 around the axis while pulling out the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111, the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 of the container body 10. After that, by performing a process of winding a film on the outer surface of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111, the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is shaped and wound along the outer surface of the dome portion 12 of the container body 10.
  • the resin component of the reinforcing layer 110 is cured or solidified, and the reinforcing layer 110 is formed into a container. It is fixed to the outer surface of the main body 10. Thereby, the high-pressure tank 100 is manufactured in a state where the reinforcing layer 110 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10.
  • the body portion 11 of the container body 10 is fastened by the first reinforcing fiber member 112 and the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the third reinforcing fiber member 114 of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111.
  • the dome portion 12 of the container body 10 is wound around the second reinforced fiber member 113 and the third reinforced fiber member 114 of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111. That is, the body portion 11 is wound in a mesh shape by the reinforcing fiber members 112, 113, 114 extending in three different directions and intersecting each other. Therefore, the strength of the body portion 11 can be increased and the pressure resistance of the body portion 11 can be improved as compared with the structure in which the body portion 11 is wound and fastened by the unidirectional or bidirectional reinforcing fiber members.
  • the dome portion 12 is wound in a mesh shape by the reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 extending in two different directions and intersecting each other. Therefore, the strength of the dome portion 12 can be increased and the pressure resistance of the dome portion 12 can be improved as compared with the structure in which the dome portion 12 is wound and fastened by the unidirectional reinforcing fiber member.
  • the axis formed by the fibers of the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the fibers of the third reinforcing fiber member 114 wound around the outer surface of the dome portion 12 is tightened.
  • the dome-side crossing angle ⁇ in the range including the direction A is the axial direction A formed by the fibers of the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the fibers of the third reinforcing fiber member 114 wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11. It differs from the fuselage side crossing angle ⁇ in the included range. Specifically, the dome portion side intersection angle ⁇ is larger than the body portion side intersection angle ⁇ with reference to the axial direction A. Further, the dome portion-side crossing angle ⁇ gradually changes from the connecting portion side of the dome portion 12 and the body portion 11 to the top of the dome portion 12, and specifically increases.
  • the gap between the fibers arranged in the direction orthogonal to the fiber direction becomes small, and the density of the fibers becomes high.
  • the strength of the dome portion 12 can be increased, and the durability of the dome portion 12 can be further improved.
  • the reinforcing fiber members 113, 114 in three directions wound around the outer surface of the container body 10, the reinforcing fiber members 113, 114 constitute one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111.
  • one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10 and the first reinforcement is applied to the outer surface of the body portion 11. It suffices that the work of winding the fiber member 112 is performed, and it is not necessary to separately perform helical winding (in-plane winding) of linear or band-shaped fibers.
  • the manufacturing time can be shortened and the size of the manufacturing equipment can be suppressed as compared with the structure in which the linear or band-shaped fiber is wound on the outer surface of the dome portion 12 over a plurality of turns while being inclined at different angles. Manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, unlike the structure in which linear or band-shaped fibers are wound around the dome portion 12 over a plurality of circumferences, it is difficult to form a portion where it is difficult to wind the fiber in the entire area of the dome portion 12. It is not necessary to reinforce, and it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of fibers used for the reinforcement, prevent the reinforcing layer 110 from thickening, and reduce the weight of the high-pressure tank 100. Can be planned. Therefore, according to the high-pressure tank 100, the high pressure resistance of the dome portion 12 can be secured without increasing the manufacturing cost.
  • the first reinforcing fiber member 112 extends along the outer surface of the body portion 11 in the axial direction of the body portion 11. It is formed and arranged so as to extend in an orthogonal direction B orthogonal to A.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the first reinforcing fiber member 112 extends along the outer surface of the body portion 11 in the orthogonal direction B orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body portion 11. May be formed and arranged as described above.
  • the reinforcing layers 30, 110 are composed of reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, 34, 112, 113, 114 extending in three different directions.
  • the reinforcing layers 30 and 110 may be made of reinforcing fiber members extending in four or more different directions.
  • a low-angle helical winding (in-plane winding) reinforcement layer may be added if necessary. Even in this case, since the fiber can be wound in the entire area of the dome portion 12, it is possible to reduce the number of turns of the low-angle helical winding, and while suppressing an increase in manufacturing cost, ensure high pressure resistance of the dome portion 12. be able to.

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Abstract

This high-pressure tank, in order to ensure high pressure resistance of a dome portion without increasing manufacturing cost, comprises: a container body which includes a body portion formed in tubular shape and a dome portion formed in dome shape at each of the ends in an axial direction of the body portion; and a reinforcement layer wound a plurality of times around an outer surface of the container body. The reinforcement layer includes a fiber-reinforced resin sheet interweaved with: a first reinforcing fiber member which is wound around the outer surface of the body portion and has fibers extending and circling around in a first direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the body portion; a second reinforcing fiber member which is wound around the outer surface of the container body and has fibers extending in a second direction different from the first direction and intersecting the first reinforcing fiber member; and a third reinforcing fiber member which has fibers extending in a third direction different from the first direction and the second direction and intersecting both the first reinforcing fiber member and the second reinforcing fiber member.

Description

高圧タンクHigh pressure tank
　本発明は、高圧タンクに関する。 The present invention relates to a high pressure tank.
　従来、燃料電池自動車や天然ガス自動車などに用いられる水素ガスなどを貯蔵する高圧タンクが知られている（例えば、特許文献１）。高圧タンクは、ガスが貯蔵される容器本体と、その容器本体を補強する補強層と、を備えている。容器本体は、円筒状に形成された胴体部と、胴体部の軸方向両側それぞれに形成されたドーム部と、を有している。補強層は、高圧タンクの耐圧を高めるために、容器本体の外面に繊維強化部材が巻き付けられた層である。 Conventionally, a high-pressure tank that stores hydrogen gas used in a fuel cell vehicle, a natural gas vehicle, etc. is known (for example, Patent Document 1). The high-pressure tank includes a container body that stores gas and a reinforcing layer that reinforces the container body. The container body has a cylindrical body portion and dome portions formed on both axial sides of the body portion. The reinforcing layer is a layer in which a fiber reinforced member is wound around the outer surface of the container body in order to increase the pressure resistance of the high pressure tank.
　補強層は、複数回周回される一枚の繊維強化樹脂シートを有している。この繊維強化樹脂シートは、胴体部の軸方向に沿って延びる第一強化繊維部材と、胴体部の軸方向に対して直交する方向に延びて周回する第二強化繊維部材と、からなる。補強層は、繊維強化樹脂シートが容器本体の外面に複数周に亘って巻き付けられることにより形成される。特に、ドーム部の補強層は、繊維強化樹脂シートの軸方向端部が周方向に捻られることにより形成される。ドーム部の補強層がこのような第一強化繊維部材と第二強化繊維部材とからなる繊維強化樹脂シートのみで構成される構造では、ドーム部の強度が不十分となるおそれがある。 The reinforcing layer has a single fiber-reinforced resin sheet that is orbited multiple times. This fiber-reinforced resin sheet is composed of a first reinforcing fiber member extending along the axial direction of the body portion, and a second reinforcing fiber member extending in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the body portion and rotating. The reinforcing layer is formed by winding the fiber-reinforced resin sheet around the outer surface of the container body over a plurality of circumferences. In particular, the reinforcing layer of the dome portion is formed by twisting the axial end portion of the fiber reinforced resin sheet in the circumferential direction. In the structure in which the reinforcing layer of the dome portion is composed only of the fiber reinforced resin sheet including the first reinforcing fiber member and the second reinforcing fiber member, the strength of the dome portion may be insufficient.
　そこで、上記特許文献１の高圧タンクは、補強層として、繊維強化樹脂シートとは別の、容器本体の外面に低角度ヘリカル巻き（すなわち、インプレーン巻き）される線状の連続繊維フィラメントを追加することにより、補強されている。このようにドーム部の補強に低角度ヘリカル巻きと第一強化繊維部材とを併用することにより、低角度ヘリカル層の厚さを低減することができる。 Therefore, in the high-pressure tank of Patent Document 1, as a reinforcing layer, a linear continuous fiber filament, which is different from the fiber reinforced resin sheet and is wound at a low angle on the outer surface of the container body (that is, in-plane winding), is added. It is reinforced by doing. Thus, by using the low-angle helical winding and the first reinforcing fiber member together to reinforce the dome portion, the thickness of the low-angle helical layer can be reduced.
特開２０１７－１５５７６８号公報JP, 2017-155768, A
　しかしながら、上記の如く捻りにより形成された補強層と線状の連続繊維フィラメントとによる補強層の組み合わせでは、捻りによる補強層の繊維ズレに対する強度があまり高くならないため、ドーム部の高い耐圧性確保のためにフィラメントワインディング法により連続繊維フィラメントを複数周に亘って周回させることが必要である。このため、高圧タンクの製造時間が長くなり、製造コストが上昇してしまう。 However, in the combination of the reinforcing layer formed by twisting and the linear continuous fiber filament as described above, the strength against fiber displacement of the reinforcing layer due to twisting does not become so high, so that high pressure resistance of the dome portion can be ensured. Therefore, it is necessary to wrap the continuous fiber filament over a plurality of laps by the filament winding method. Therefore, the manufacturing time of the high-pressure tank becomes long and the manufacturing cost increases.
　本発明は、このような点に鑑みてなされたものであり、製造コストの上昇を招くことなくドーム部の高い耐圧性を確保することが可能な高圧タンクを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-pressure tank capable of ensuring high pressure resistance of the dome portion without increasing the manufacturing cost.
　本発明の一態様は、筒状に形成された胴体部と、前記胴体部の軸方向両端それぞれにドーム状に形成されたドーム部と、を有する容器本体と、前記容器本体の外面に複数周に亘って巻き付けられた補強層と、を備え、前記補強層は、前記胴体部の外面に巻き付けられる、繊維が前記胴体部の軸方向に対して直交する第一方向に延びて周回する第一強化繊維部材と、前記容器本体の外面に巻き付けられると共に、繊維が前記第一方向とは異なる第二方向に延びて前記第一強化繊維部材に交差する第二強化繊維部材と、繊維が前記第一方向とは異なりかつ第二方向とは異なる第三方向に延びて前記第一強化繊維部材及び前記第二強化繊維部材の双方に交差する第三強化繊維部材と、が編み込まれた繊維強化樹脂シートと、を有する、高圧タンクである。 One aspect of the present invention is a container body having a tubular body portion and dome portions formed in dome shapes at both axial ends of the body portion, and a plurality of circumferences on an outer surface of the container body. And a reinforcing layer wound around the outer surface of the body portion, wherein the fiber extends in a first direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the body portion and circulates. A reinforcing fiber member, a second reinforcing fiber member which is wound around the outer surface of the container body, extends in a second direction different from the first direction and intersects the first reinforcing fiber member, and the fiber is the first A fiber reinforced resin in which a third reinforcing fiber member which is different from the one direction and which extends in a third direction different from the second direction and intersects both the first reinforcing fiber member and the second reinforcing fiber member is woven. A high-pressure tank having a seat and A.
　この構成によれば、容器本体の胴体部が、互いに異なる三方向に延びる第一、第二、及び第三強化繊維部材により巻き締められると共に、容器本体のドーム部が、互いに異なる二方向に延びる第二及び第三強化繊維部材により巻き締められる。このため、ドーム部が一方向の強化繊維部材により巻き締められる構造に比べて、ドーム部の耐圧性を向上させることができる。また、ドーム部の外面に強化繊維部材を巻き締めるうえで、そのドーム部の外面に一枚の繊維強化樹脂シートを巻き付ける作業を行うこととすればよい。このため、別途、線状の繊維を低角度ヘリカル巻き（インプレーン巻き）することを不要とすることが可能であるので、ドーム部の外面に線状の繊維を傾斜角度ズレさせながら複数周に亘って周回させる構造に比べて、製造時間を短縮させることができると共に、製造設備の大型化を抑えて製造コストの削減を図ることができる。従って、製造コストの上昇を招くことなく、ドーム部の高い耐圧性を確保することができる。 According to this structure, the body portion of the container body is fastened by the first, second, and third reinforcing fiber members extending in three different directions, and the dome portion of the container body extends in two different directions. It is wound and fastened by the second and third reinforcing fiber members. Therefore, the pressure resistance of the dome portion can be improved as compared with the structure in which the dome portion is wound and fastened by the unidirectional reinforcing fiber member. Further, when the reinforcing fiber member is wound around the outer surface of the dome portion, the work of winding one fiber-reinforced resin sheet around the outer surface of the dome portion may be performed. For this reason, it is not necessary to separately wind the linear fiber at a low angle by helical winding (in-plane winding). The manufacturing time can be shortened and the manufacturing cost can be reduced by suppressing an increase in the size of the manufacturing facility, as compared with the structure in which the circuit is continuously wound. Therefore, it is possible to secure high pressure resistance of the dome portion without increasing the manufacturing cost.
第一実施形態に係る高圧タンクの構造を模式的に表した図である。It is the figure which represented typically the structure of the high-pressure tank which concerns on 1st embodiment. 第一実施形態の高圧タンクが備える繊維強化樹脂シートの容器本体への巻き付け前の構成図である。It is a block diagram before winding the fiber reinforced resin sheet with which the high-pressure tank of 1st embodiment is equipped with the container main body. 第一実施形態の高圧タンクの製造中における斜視図である。It is a perspective view during manufacture of the high-pressure tank of the first embodiment. 第一実施形態の高圧タンクが備える繊維強化樹脂シート（フープ層を除く。）の容器本体への巻き付け後の胴体部とドーム部との構造の違いを説明するための展開図である。It is a development view for explaining the difference in structure between the body part and the dome part after winding the fiber reinforced resin sheet (excluding the hoop layer) included in the high-pressure tank of the first embodiment around the container body. 第二実施形態に係る高圧タンクが備える補強層の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the reinforcement layer with which the high-pressure tank which concerns on 2nd embodiment is equipped.
　本発明に係る高圧タンクの具体的な実施形態について図面を用いて説明する。 Specific embodiments of the high-pressure tank according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　［第一実施形態］
　第一実施形態の高圧タンク１は、例えば水素ガスや天然ガスなどを高圧で充填する耐圧容器である。高圧タンク１は、例えば自動車などに搭載される。高圧タンク１は、図１に示す如く、容器本体１０と、補強層３０と、を備えている。 [First embodiment]
The high-pressure tank 1 of the first embodiment is a pressure-resistant container filled with, for example, hydrogen gas or natural gas at high pressure. The high-pressure tank 1 is mounted on, for example, an automobile. As shown in FIG. 1, the high pressure tank 1 includes a container body 10 and a reinforcing layer 30.
　容器本体１０は、高圧タンク１の内壁層をなす中空のライナである。容器本体１０は、部位として、胴体部１１と、ドーム部１２と、を有している。胴体部１１は、円筒状に形成された部位である。胴体部１１は、断面円形に形成されており、所定外径を有している。ドーム部１２は、半球状に形成された部位である。ドーム部１２は、胴体部１１の軸方向両端部それぞれに設けられている。ドーム部１２は、胴体部１１の軸方向端部に椀を伏せた状態（ドーム状）に形成されている。容器本体１０は、胴体部１１と２つのドーム部１２とが一体化されているように形成されている。容器本体１０の内部空間には、ガスが充填される。以下、高圧タンク１、容器本体１０、及び胴体部１１の軸が延びる方向を、適宜、軸方向Ａと称す。 The container body 10 is a hollow liner that forms the inner wall layer of the high-pressure tank 1. The container body 10 has a body portion 11 and a dome portion 12 as parts. The body portion 11 is a portion formed in a cylindrical shape. The body portion 11 has a circular cross section and has a predetermined outer diameter. The dome portion 12 is a hemispherical portion. The dome portion 12 is provided at each of both axial end portions of the body portion 11. The dome portion 12 is formed in a state (dome shape) in which the bowl is laid down on the axial end portion of the body portion 11. The container body 10 is formed so that the body portion 11 and the two dome portions 12 are integrated. The interior space of the container body 10 is filled with gas. Hereinafter, the direction in which the axes of the high-pressure tank 1, the container body 10, and the body portion 11 extend will be appropriately referred to as the axial direction A.
　容器本体１０は、構成部品として、ライナ部２０と、口金２１と、を有している。すなわち、容器本体１０は、ライナ部２０と口金２１とが組み付けられることにより構成される。ライナ部２０及び口金２１は、互いに組み付けられた状態で上記の胴体部１１及びドーム部１２を形成する。 The container body 10 has a liner portion 20 and a base 21 as components. That is, the container body 10 is configured by assembling the liner portion 20 and the base 21. The liner portion 20 and the base 21 form the above-mentioned body portion 11 and dome portion 12 in a state where they are assembled to each other.
　ライナ部２０は、少なくとも胴体部１１を形成するような形状（すなわち、略円筒状）に形成されている。尚、ライナ部２０は、ドーム部１２の少なくとも一部を含むように形成されていてもよい。ライナ部２０は、ガスバリア性を有する材料（例えば、ポリエチレン樹脂やポリプロピレン樹脂，その他の硬質樹脂など）により形成されている。尚、ライナ部２０は、例えばアルミニウムなどの材料により形成された金属ライナであってもよい。 The liner portion 20 is formed in a shape (that is, a substantially cylindrical shape) that forms at least the body portion 11. The liner portion 20 may be formed so as to include at least a part of the dome portion 12. The liner portion 20 is formed of a material having a gas barrier property (for example, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, other hard resin, etc.). The liner portion 20 may be a metal liner formed of a material such as aluminum.
　ライナ部２０の軸方向両端部にはそれぞれ、開口２２が設けられている。開口２２は、胴体部１１の軸中心を中心にして略円形に形成されている。開口２２には、口金２１が嵌入されている。口金２１は、ライナ部２０の軸方向両端部それぞれに固定されている。ライナ部２０への口金２１の固定は、両者の螺合または嵌め合いにより或いはインサート成形により行われる。口金２１は、略円筒状に形成されており、ボス部２３及びフランジ部２４を有している。口金２１のボス部２３の先端側は、ドーム部１２の頂点から軸方向Ａの外方へ突出している。口金２１は、例えばアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金などの金属により形成されている。口金２１には、バルブ（図示せず）が螺合により取り付けられている。 An opening 22 is provided at each end of the liner portion 20 in the axial direction. The opening 22 is formed in a substantially circular shape centering on the axial center of the body portion 11. The base 21 is fitted into the opening 22. The bases 21 are fixed to both axial end portions of the liner portion 20, respectively. The base 21 is fixed to the liner portion 20 by screwing or fitting the two, or by insert molding. The base 21 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and has a boss portion 23 and a flange portion 24. The tip side of the boss portion 23 of the base 21 projects outward in the axial direction A from the apex of the dome portion 12. The base 21 is formed of a metal such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy. A valve (not shown) is attached to the base 21 by screwing.
　補強層３０は、高圧タンク１の外壁層をなし、容器本体１０の外面を覆う補強部材である。補強層３０は、樹脂を含浸した高強度繊維からなる。この高強度繊維は、例えば、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維などである。また、この高強度繊維に含浸される樹脂は、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂である。尚、この高強度繊維に含浸される樹脂は、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂などの熱可塑性樹脂であってもよい。補強層３０は、容器本体１０の外面を覆った状態で、高強度繊維に含浸されている樹脂が硬化又は固化されることによりその容器本体１０の外面側に固着される。尚、高強度繊維への樹脂の含浸は、容器本体１０の外面を覆う前に行われてもよいし、その後に行われてもよい。 The reinforcing layer 30 is a reinforcing member that forms the outer wall layer of the high-pressure tank 1 and covers the outer surface of the container body 10. The reinforcing layer 30 is made of high-strength fiber impregnated with resin. This high-strength fiber is, for example, carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or the like. The resin with which the high-strength fiber is impregnated is a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or a vinyl ester resin. The resin with which the high-strength fiber is impregnated may be a thermoplastic resin such as polyester resin or polyethylene resin. The reinforcing layer 30 is fixed to the outer surface side of the container body 10 by hardening or solidifying the resin impregnated in the high-strength fiber while covering the outer surface of the container body 10. The high-strength fiber may be impregnated with the resin before or after covering the outer surface of the container body 10.
　補強層３０は、フープ層と、ヘリカル層と、を有している。フープ層は、繊維の向く方向が容器本体１０の軸方向Ａに対して略垂直に延びている層のことである。このフープ層は、容器本体１０の胴体部１１の外面側に形成され、胴体部１１を巻き締めるために設けられる。また、ヘリカル層は、繊維の向く方向が容器本体１０の軸方向Ａに対して傾斜している層のことである。このヘリカル層は、容器本体１０の軸方向Ａに対して繊維の向く方向が傾斜する角度が比較的小さい低角度ヘリカル層であって、容器本体１０の胴体部１１及びドーム部１２の双方の外面側に形成され、主にドーム部１２を巻き締めるために設けられている。尚、補強層３０として、更に、上記の低角度ヘリカル層よりも軸方向Ａに対する傾斜角度が大きい高角度ヘリカル層が形成されていてもよい。 The reinforcing layer 30 has a hoop layer and a helical layer. The hoop layer is a layer in which the direction of the fibers extends substantially perpendicular to the axial direction A of the container body 10. The hoop layer is formed on the outer surface side of the body portion 11 of the container body 10 and is provided for winding and tightening the body portion 11. Further, the helical layer is a layer in which the direction of the fibers is inclined with respect to the axial direction A of the container body 10. This helical layer is a low-angle helical layer having a relatively small angle at which the direction of the fibers inclines relative to the axial direction A of the container body 10, and the outer surface of both the body portion 11 and the dome portion 12 of the container body 10. It is formed on the side and is provided mainly for tightening the dome portion 12. As the reinforcing layer 30, a high-angle helical layer having a larger inclination angle with respect to the axial direction A than the low-angle helical layer may be further formed.
　補強層３０のフープ層及びヘリカル層は共に、図２に示す如く、繊維強化樹脂シート３１により形成される。繊維強化樹脂シート３１は、一枚のシート状に形成された部材である。繊維強化樹脂シート３１は、容器本体１０の外面に巻き付けられる前に予めシート状に形成される。繊維強化樹脂シート３１は、複数の方向（具体的には、三方向）に配向された繊維が編み込まれることにより構成されている。 Both the hoop layer and the helical layer of the reinforcing layer 30 are formed by the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 as shown in FIG. The fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 is a member formed into a single sheet. The fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 is formed into a sheet shape in advance before being wound around the outer surface of the container body 10. The fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 is configured by weaving fibers oriented in a plurality of directions (specifically, three directions).
　尚、本明細書において、繊維とは、一本の繊維を意味するだけでなく、複数本の繊維が束ねられた繊維束を意味することもあるものとする。また、シート状とは、繊維が延びる方向に延在するだけでなく、複数本の繊維がその繊維方向に直交する方向に一体となって容器本体１０の軸方向長さ程度に亘って並んでいることである。繊維強化樹脂シート３１の繊維の引張強度は、６．５ＧＰａ程度である。 Incidentally, in the present specification, the term “fiber” means not only one fiber but also a fiber bundle in which a plurality of fibers are bundled. Further, the sheet shape means that not only the fibers extend in the extending direction, but also a plurality of fibers are integrally arranged in a direction orthogonal to the fiber direction and arranged side by side along the axial length of the container body 10. It is that you are. The fiber tensile strength of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 is about 6.5 GPa.
　繊維強化樹脂シート３１は、繊維の延びる方向が互いに異なる三つの強化繊維部材３２，３３，３４を有している。強化繊維部材３２は、胴体部１１の軸方向Ａに対して直交する直交方向Ｂに延びる繊維からなる。強化繊維部材３２は、胴体部１１の外面に巻き付けられて周回し、フープ層を形成している。強化繊維部材３３，３４はそれぞれ、胴体部１１の軸方向Ａに対して斜め方向に延びる繊維からなる。強化繊維部材３３，３４は、胴体部１１及びドーム部１２の外面に巻き付けられて周回し、ヘリカル層を形成している。以下、強化繊維部材３２を第一強化繊維部材３２と、強化繊維部材３３，３４を第二強化繊維部材３３及び第三強化繊維部材３４と、それぞれ称す。 The fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 has three reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, and 34 in which fibers extend in different directions. The reinforcing fiber member 32 is made of fibers extending in an orthogonal direction B orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body portion 11. The reinforcing fiber member 32 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 and wound around to form a hoop layer. Each of the reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 is made of a fiber that extends obliquely with respect to the axial direction A of the body portion 11. The reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 are wound around the outer surfaces of the body portion 11 and the dome portion 12 and wound around to form a helical layer. Hereinafter, the reinforcing fiber member 32 is referred to as the first reinforcing fiber member 32, and the reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 are referred to as the second reinforcing fiber member 33 and the third reinforcing fiber member 34, respectively.
　第二強化繊維部材３３は、第一強化繊維部材３２の延びる上記直交方向Ｂとは異なる方向Ｃに延びており、第一強化繊維部材３２に交差している。第二強化繊維部材３３の延びる方向Ｃが第一強化繊維部材３２の延びる直交方向Ｂに対してなす角度（すなわち、第一強化繊維部材３２と第二強化繊維部材３３との編み角）は、例えば１０°－８０°（好ましくは４５°）である。 The second reinforcing fiber member 33 extends in a direction C different from the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber member 32 extends and intersects the first reinforcing fiber member 32. The angle formed by the extending direction C of the second reinforcing fiber member 33 with respect to the orthogonal direction B of the first reinforcing fiber member 32 (that is, the knitting angle between the first reinforcing fiber member 32 and the second reinforcing fiber member 33) is For example, it is 10 ° -80 ° (preferably 45 °).
　第三強化繊維部材３４は、第一強化繊維部材３２の延びる上記直交方向Ｂとは異なりかつ第二強化繊維部材３３の延びる上記方向Ｃとは異なる方向Ｄに延びており、第一強化繊維部材３２及び第二強化繊維部材３３の双方に交差している。第三強化繊維部材３４の交差は、第一強化繊維部材３２の延びる直交方向Ｂを基準にして第二強化繊維部材３３とは線対称となるようになされている。第三強化繊維部材３４の延びる方向Ｄが第一強化繊維部材３２の延びる直交方向Ｂに対してなす角度（すなわち、第一強化繊維部材３２と第三強化繊維部材３４との編み角）は、例えば１０°－８０°（好ましくは４５°）である。 The third reinforcing fiber member 34 extends in a direction D different from the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber member 32 extends and different from the direction C in which the second reinforcing fiber member 33 extends. It intersects with both 32 and the second reinforcing fiber member 33. The intersections of the third reinforcing fiber members 34 are line-symmetrical to the second reinforcing fiber members 33 with reference to the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber members 32 extend. The angle formed by the extending direction D of the third reinforcing fiber member 34 with respect to the orthogonal direction B of the first reinforcing fiber member 32 (that is, the knitting angle between the first reinforcing fiber member 32 and the third reinforcing fiber member 34) is For example, it is 10 ° -80 ° (preferably 45 °).
　第一強化繊維部材３２、第二強化繊維部材３３、及び第三強化繊維部材３４は、互いに編み込まれて繊維強化樹脂シート３１を構成する。繊維強化樹脂シート３１は、容器本体１０への巻き付け前において、その容器本体１０の軸方向長さよりも長い軸方向長さを有している。繊維強化樹脂シート３１での各強化繊維部材３２，３３，３４の編み込みは、第二強化繊維部材３３の領域が繊維強化樹脂シート３１のシート全域に亘りかつ第三強化繊維部材３４の領域が繊維強化樹脂シート３１のシート全域に亘ると共に、第一強化繊維部材３２の領域が繊維強化樹脂シート３１における胴体部１１の外面に対応する領域のみに占められるように行われる。 The first reinforcing fiber member 32, the second reinforcing fiber member 33, and the third reinforcing fiber member 34 are woven together to form the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31. The fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 has an axial length that is longer than the axial length of the container body 10 before being wound around the container body 10. The reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, and 34 are woven in the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 such that the area of the second reinforcing fiber member 33 covers the entire area of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 and the area of the third reinforcing fiber member 34 is the fiber. It is performed so that the entire area of the reinforced resin sheet 31 is covered and the area of the first reinforced fiber member 32 is occupied only by the area of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 corresponding to the outer surface of the body portion 11.
　繊維強化樹脂シート３１は、容器本体１０の外面に巻き付けられることでその容器本体１０を覆う。繊維強化樹脂シート３１は、容器本体１０を覆ったとき、第一強化繊維部材３２が胴体部１１の外面に沿って胴体部１１の軸方向Ａに対して直交する直交方向Ｂに延び、第二強化繊維部材３３が容器本体１０の外面に沿ってその直交方向Ｂとは異なる方向Ｃに延び、かつ第三強化繊維部材３４が容器本体１０の外面に沿ってその直交方向Ｂとは異なりかつその方向Ｃとは異なる方向Ｄに延びるように形成配置される。繊維強化樹脂シート３１は、容器本体１０の外面に複数周に亘って巻き付けられて径方向外側に積層される。 The fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 covers the container body 10 by being wrapped around the outer surface of the container body 10. When the container body 10 is covered with the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31, the first reinforcing fiber member 32 extends along the outer surface of the body portion 11 in the orthogonal direction B orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body portion 11, The reinforcing fiber member 33 extends along the outer surface of the container body 10 in a direction C different from the orthogonal direction B thereof, and the third reinforcing fiber member 34 along the outer surface of the container body 10 different from the orthogonal direction B thereof. It is formed and arranged so as to extend in a direction D different from the direction C. The fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10 over a plurality of circumferences and laminated on the outer side in the radial direction.
　高圧タンク１の製造は、以下の手順で行われる。具体的には、まず、図３に示す如く、補強層３０をなす一枚の繊維強化樹脂シート３１が巻回された状態で容器本体１０に対して軸方向Ａに平行に並べられ、繊維強化樹脂シート３１が引き出されながら容器本体１０が軸中心で回転されることにより、その繊維強化樹脂シート３１が容器本体１０の胴体部１１の外面に巻き付けられる。次に、その繊維強化樹脂シート３１の外面にフィルムを巻く処理などを行うことにより、その繊維強化樹脂シート３１が容器本体１０のドーム部１２の外面に沿って賦形されて巻き付けられる。 The high pressure tank 1 is manufactured by the following procedure. Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 3, a single fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 forming the reinforcing layer 30 is wound in a state of being wound in parallel with the container body 10 in the axial direction A, and the fiber-reinforced By rotating the container body 10 around the axis while pulling out the resin sheet 31, the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 of the container body 10. Next, by performing a process of winding a film on the outer surface of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31, the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 is shaped and wound along the outer surface of the dome portion 12 of the container body 10.
　そして、繊維強化樹脂シート３１が径方向に所定複数周に亘って積層されることにより補強層３０の巻き付けが完了すると、補強層３０の樹脂成分が硬化又は固化されて、その補強層３０が容器本体１０の外面に固着される。これにより、高圧タンク１は、容器本体１０の外面に補強層３０が巻き付けられた状態に製造される。 When the winding of the reinforcing layer 30 is completed by laminating the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31 over a predetermined plurality of circumferences in the radial direction, the resin component of the reinforcing layer 30 is cured or solidified, and the reinforcing layer 30 is formed into a container. It is fixed to the outer surface of the main body 10. Thereby, the high-pressure tank 1 is manufactured in a state where the reinforcing layer 30 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10.
　上記の如く製造された高圧タンク１では、容器本体１０の胴体部１１が、繊維強化樹脂シート３１の第一強化繊維部材３２、第二強化繊維部材３３、及び第三強化繊維部材３４により巻き締められると共に、容器本体１０のドーム部１２が、繊維強化樹脂シート３１の第二強化繊維部材３３及び第三強化繊維部材３４により巻き締められる。 In the high-pressure tank 1 manufactured as described above, the body portion 11 of the container body 10 is tightened by the first reinforcing fiber member 32, the second reinforcing fiber member 33, and the third reinforcing fiber member 34 of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31. At the same time, the dome portion 12 of the container body 10 is fastened by the second reinforcing fiber member 33 and the third reinforcing fiber member 34 of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 31.
　すなわち、胴体部１１は、互いに異なる三方向に延びて交差する強化繊維部材３２，３３，３４により網目状に巻き締められる。このため、胴体部１１が一方向や二方向の強化繊維部材により巻き締められる構造に比べて、胴体部１１の強度を上げることができ、その胴体部１１の耐圧性を向上させることができる。また、ドーム部１２は、互いに異なる二方向に延びて交差する強化繊維部材３３，３４により網目状に巻き締められる。このため、ドーム部１２が一方向の強化繊維部材により巻き締められる構造に比べて、ドーム部１２の強度を上げることができ、そのドーム部１２の耐圧性を向上させることができる。 That is, the body portion 11 is wound in a mesh shape by the reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, 34 extending in three different directions and intersecting with each other. Therefore, the strength of the body portion 11 can be increased and the pressure resistance of the body portion 11 can be improved as compared with the structure in which the body portion 11 is wound and fastened by the unidirectional or bidirectional reinforcing fiber members. Further, the dome portion 12 is wound in a mesh shape by the reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 that extend in two different directions and intersect with each other. Therefore, the strength of the dome portion 12 can be increased and the pressure resistance of the dome portion 12 can be improved as compared with the structure in which the dome portion 12 is wound and fastened by the unidirectional reinforcing fiber member.
　また、容器本体１０の外面に繊維強化樹脂シート３１が巻き付けられた状態で、図４に示す如く、ドーム部１２の外面に巻き締められている第二強化繊維部材３３の繊維と第三強化繊維部材３４の繊維とがなす軸方向Ａを含んだ範囲の角度（ドーム部側交差角）βは、胴体部１１の外面に巻き締められている第二強化繊維部材３３の繊維と第三強化繊維部材３４の繊維とがなす軸方向Ａを含んだ範囲の角度（胴体部側交差角）αとは異なる。具体的には、そのドーム部側交差角βはその胴体部側交差角αに比べて軸方向Ａを基準にして大きくなるように巻き締める構成とするのが好ましい。更に、ドーム部側交差角βは、ドーム部１２と胴体部１１との接続部側からドーム部１２の頂部にかけて徐々に変化し具体的には大きくなる。 Further, with the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 wound around the outer surface of the container body 10, as shown in FIG. 4, the fibers of the second reinforcing fiber member 33 and the third reinforcing fiber wound around the outer surface of the dome portion 12 are fastened. The angle (dome-side crossing angle) β in the range including the axial direction A formed by the fibers of the member 34 is the fibers of the second reinforcing fiber member 33 and the third reinforcing fibers wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11. It is different from the angle (body-side crossing angle) α in the range including the axial direction A formed by the fibers of the member 34. Specifically, it is preferable that the dome portion side crossing angle β is tightened so that it is larger than the body portion side crossing angle α with reference to the axial direction A. Further, the dome portion-side crossing angle β gradually changes from the connecting portion side of the dome portion 12 and the body portion 11 to the top of the dome portion 12, and specifically increases.
　この構造では、胴体部側交差角αが例えば４５°であるとき、ドーム部１２では、繊維方向に対して直交する方向に並ぶ繊維間の隙間が小さくなり、繊維の密集度が高くなるため、ドーム部１２の強度を上げることができ、ドーム部１２の更なる耐久性向上を図ることができる。尚、図４では、第一強化繊維部材３２を省いた繊維強化樹脂シート３１が示されている。 In this structure, when the body-side crossing angle α is, for example, 45 °, in the dome portion 12, the gap between the fibers arranged in the direction orthogonal to the fiber direction becomes small, and the density of the fibers becomes high. The strength of the dome portion 12 can be increased, and the durability of the dome portion 12 can be further improved. It should be noted that FIG. 4 shows the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31 from which the first reinforcing fiber member 32 is omitted.
　また、胴体部１１の外面に巻き締められる三方向の強化繊維部材３２，３３，３４は、一枚の繊維強化樹脂シート３１を構成している。ドーム部１２の外面に巻き締められる二方向の強化繊維部材３３，３４は、一枚の繊維強化樹脂シート３１を構成している。この構造では、胴体部１１の外面に強化繊維部材３２，３３，３４を巻き締めかつドーム部１２の外面に強化繊維部材３３，３４を巻き締めるうえで、容器本体１０の外面に一枚の繊維強化樹脂シート３１を巻き付ける作業を行うこととすればよく、別途に線状や帯状の繊維をフープ巻きすることは不要であると共に、線状や帯状の繊維をヘリカル巻き（インプレーン巻き）することは不要である。 The three-direction reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, 34 wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 constitute one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31. The bidirectional reinforcing fiber members 33 and 34 wound around the outer surface of the dome portion 12 constitute one fiber reinforced resin sheet 31. In this structure, when the reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, 34 are wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 and the reinforcing fiber members 33, 34 are wound around the outer surface of the dome portion 12, one fiber is wound on the outer surface of the container body 10. It suffices to perform the work of winding the reinforced resin sheet 31, and it is not necessary to separately wind the linear or band-shaped fibers by hoop, and the helical winding (in-plane winding) of the linear or band-shaped fibers Is unnecessary.
　尚、帯状とは、容器本体１０の軸方向長さ程度に亘るシート状よりも狭い範囲で複数本の繊維がその繊維方向に直交する方向に並んでいることである。また、線状とは、一本の繊維自体や複数本の繊維が一つに束ねられていることである。 Note that the band shape means that a plurality of fibers are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the fiber direction in a narrower range than the sheet shape extending over the axial length of the container body 10. Further, the linear shape means that one fiber itself or a plurality of fibers are bundled into one.
　このため、軸方向Ａに延びる胴体部１１の外面に線状や帯状の繊維を軸方向Ａにずらしながら複数周に亘って周回させる構造に比べて、製造時間を短縮させることができると共に、製造設備の大型化を抑えて製造コストの削減を図ることができる。また、ドーム部１２の外面に線状や帯状の繊維を傾斜角度ズレさせながら複数周に亘って周回させる構造に比べて、製造時間を短縮させることができると共に、製造設備の大型化を抑えて製造コストの削減を図ることができる。更に、ドーム部１２において線状や帯状の繊維が複数周に亘って周回する構造とは異なり、ドーム部１２の全域で繊維を巻くことが困難となる部分が生じ難いので、その困難となる部分を補強することは不要であり、その補強のために繊維の使用量が多くなるのを抑えることができ、補強層３０が厚肉化するのを抑えることができ、高圧タンク１の軽量化を図ることができる。 Therefore, the manufacturing time can be shortened and the manufacturing time can be shortened as compared with the structure in which the linear or strip-shaped fiber is laid on the outer surface of the body portion 11 extending in the axial direction A for a plurality of turns while being displaced in the axial direction A. It is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost by suppressing the enlargement of the equipment. In addition, the manufacturing time can be shortened and the size of the manufacturing equipment can be suppressed as compared with the structure in which the linear or band-shaped fiber is lapped on the outer surface of the dome portion 12 over a plurality of circumferences while shifting the inclination angle. The manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, unlike the structure in which linear or band-shaped fibers are wound around the dome portion 12 over a plurality of circumferences, it is difficult to form a portion where it is difficult to wind the fiber in the entire area of the dome portion 12. It is not necessary to reinforce, and it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of fibers used for the reinforcement, prevent the reinforcing layer 30 from becoming thicker, and reduce the weight of the high-pressure tank 1. Can be planned.
　従って、高圧タンク１によれば、製造コストの上昇を招くことなく、胴体部１１の高い耐圧性を確保することができると共に、ドーム部１２の高い耐圧性を確保することができる。 Therefore, according to the high-pressure tank 1, the high pressure resistance of the body portion 11 and the high pressure resistance of the dome portion 12 can be ensured without increasing the manufacturing cost.
　尚、上記の第一実施形態においては、直交方向Ｂが特許請求の範囲に記載した「第一方向」に、方向Ｃ及び方向Ｄが特許請求の範囲に記載した「第二方向」及び「第三方向」に、それぞれ相当している。 In the above first embodiment, the orthogonal direction B is the "first direction" described in the claims, and the direction C and the direction D are the "second direction" and the "second direction" described in the claims. It corresponds to each of the three directions.
　［第二実施形態］
　第二実施形態の高圧タンク１００は、第一実施形態の高圧タンク１と同様に、例えば、自動車などに搭載される、水素ガスや天然ガスなどを高圧で充填する耐圧容器である。一方、高圧タンク１００は、第一実施形態の高圧タンク１とは異なり、補強層３０が一枚の繊維強化樹脂シート３１により構成される構造に代えて、補強層１１０が一枚の繊維強化樹脂シート１１１と強化繊維部材１１２とにより構成される構造を有している。尚、第二実施形態では、第一実施形態の構成と同一の構成部分については、同一の符号を付してその説明を省略又は簡略する。 [Second embodiment]
The high-pressure tank 100 of the second embodiment is, like the high-pressure tank 1 of the first embodiment, a pressure-resistant container that is mounted in, for example, an automobile and that is filled with hydrogen gas or natural gas at high pressure. On the other hand, unlike the high-pressure tank 1 of the first embodiment, the high-pressure tank 100 is different from the high-pressure tank 1 of the first embodiment in that the reinforcing layer 30 is composed of one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 31. It has a structure including a sheet 111 and a reinforcing fiber member 112. In the second embodiment, the same components as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
　高圧タンク１００は、図５に示す如く、補強層１１０を備えている。補強層１１０は、高圧タンク１００の外壁層をなし、補強層３０と同様に、容器本体１０の外面を覆う補強部材である。補強層１１０は、繊維強化樹脂シート１１１と、強化繊維部材１１２と、を有している。補強層１１０のヘリカル層は、繊維強化樹脂シート１１１により形成される。また、補強層１１０のフープ層は、強化繊維部材１１２により形成される。 The high-pressure tank 100 includes a reinforcing layer 110, as shown in FIG. The reinforcement layer 110 is an outer wall layer of the high-pressure tank 100, and, like the reinforcement layer 30, is a reinforcement member that covers the outer surface of the container body 10. The reinforcing layer 110 includes a fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 and a reinforcing fiber member 112. The helical layer of the reinforcing layer 110 is formed by the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111. The hoop layer of the reinforcing layer 110 is formed by the reinforcing fiber member 112.
　繊維強化樹脂シート１１１は、一枚のシート状に形成された部材である。繊維強化樹脂シート１１１は、容器本体１０の外面に巻き付けられる前に予めシート状に形成される。繊維強化樹脂シート１１１は、二方向に配向された繊維が編み込まれることにより構成されている。繊維強化樹脂シート１１１は、繊維の延びる方向が互いに異なる二つの強化繊維部材１１３，１１４を有している。強化繊維部材１１３，１１４はそれぞれ、胴体部１１の軸方向Ａに対して斜め方向に延びる繊維からなる。強化繊維部材１１３，１１４は、胴体部１１及びドーム部１２の外面に巻き付けられて周回し、ヘリカル層を形成している。以下、強化繊維部材１１２を第一強化繊維部材１１２と、強化繊維部材１１３，１１４を第二強化繊維部材１１３及び第三強化繊維部材１１４と、それぞれ称す。 The fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is a member formed into a single sheet. The fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is formed into a sheet shape in advance before being wound around the outer surface of the container body 10. The fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is formed by weaving fibers oriented in two directions. The fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 has two reinforced fiber members 113 and 114 whose fibers extend in different directions. Each of the reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 is made of a fiber extending obliquely with respect to the axial direction A of the body 11. The reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 are wound around the outer surfaces of the body portion 11 and the dome portion 12 and wound around to form a helical layer. Hereinafter, the reinforcing fiber member 112 is referred to as the first reinforcing fiber member 112, and the reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 are referred to as the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the third reinforcing fiber member 114, respectively.
　第一強化繊維部材１１２は、繊維強化樹脂シート１１１とは別体で設けられている。第一強化繊維部材１１２は、胴体部１１の軸方向Ａに対して直交する直交方向Ｂに延びる繊維からなる。第一強化繊維部材１１２は、胴体部１１の外面に巻き付けられて周回し、フープ層を形成している。第一強化繊維部材１１２は、一本の繊維や一本の繊維束が延びた線状に、複数本の繊維や複数本の繊維束が軸方向Ａに並んだ帯状に、又は複数本の繊維や複数本の繊維束が胴体部１１の軸方向長さ程度に亘って並んだシート状に形成されている。 The first reinforced fiber member 112 is provided separately from the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111. The first reinforcing fiber member 112 is made of fibers extending in an orthogonal direction B that is orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body portion 11. The first reinforcing fiber member 112 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 and wraps around to form a hoop layer. The first reinforcing fiber member 112 has a linear shape in which one fiber or one fiber bundle extends, a strip shape in which a plurality of fibers or a plurality of fiber bundles are arranged in the axial direction A, or a plurality of fibers. Also, a plurality of fiber bundles are formed in a sheet shape arranged along the length of the body portion 11 in the axial direction.
　第二強化繊維部材１１３は、第一強化繊維部材１１２の延びる上記直交方向Ｂとは異なる方向Ｃに延びており、第一強化繊維部材１１２に交差している。第二強化繊維部材１１３の延びる方向Ｃが第一強化繊維部材１１２の延びる直交方向Ｂに対してなす角度は、例えば１０°－８０°（好ましくは４５°）である。第三強化繊維部材１１４は、第一強化繊維部材１１２の延びる上記直交方向Ｂとは異なりかつ第二強化繊維部材１１３の延びる上記方向Ｃとは異なる方向Ｄに延びており、第一強化繊維部材１１２及び第二強化繊維部材１１３の双方に交差している。第三強化繊維部材１１４の交差は、第一強化繊維部材１１２の延びる直交方向Ｂを基準にして第二強化繊維部材１１３とは線対称となるようになされている。第三強化繊維部材１１４の延びる方向Ｄが第一強化繊維部材１１２の延びる直交方向Ｂに対してなす角度は、例えば１０°－８０°（好ましくは４５°）である。 The second reinforcing fiber member 113 extends in a direction C different from the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber member 112 extends and intersects the first reinforcing fiber member 112. The angle formed by the extending direction C of the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the orthogonal direction B of the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is, for example, 10 ° -80 ° (preferably 45 °). The third reinforcing fiber member 114 extends in a direction D different from the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber member 112 extends and different from the direction C in which the second reinforcing fiber member 113 extends. It intersects with both 112 and the second reinforcing fiber member 113. The intersections of the third reinforcing fiber members 114 are arranged to be line-symmetrical to the second reinforcing fiber members 113 with reference to the orthogonal direction B in which the first reinforcing fiber members 112 extend. The angle formed by the extending direction D of the third reinforcing fiber member 114 with respect to the orthogonal direction B of the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is, for example, 10 ° -80 ° (preferably 45 °).
　第二強化繊維部材１１３及び第三強化繊維部材１１４は、互いに編み込まれて繊維強化樹脂シート１１１を構成する。繊維強化樹脂シート１１１は、容器本体１０への巻き付け前において、その容器本体１０の軸方向長さよりも長い軸方向長さを有している。繊維強化樹脂シート１１１での各強化繊維部材１１３，１１４の編み込みは、繊維強化樹脂シート１１１のシート全域に亘るように行われる。 The second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the third reinforcing fiber member 114 are woven together to form the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111. The fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 has an axial length that is longer than the axial length of the container body 10 before being wound around the container body 10. The reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 are woven in the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 so as to cover the entire area of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111.
　繊維強化樹脂シート１１１は、容器本体１０の外面に巻き付けられることでその容器本体１０を覆う。繊維強化樹脂シート１１１は、容器本体１０を覆ったとき、第二強化繊維部材１１３が容器本体１０の外面に沿って方向Ｃに延びかつ第三強化繊維部材１１４が容器本体１０の外面に沿って方向Ｄに延びるように形成配置される。繊維強化樹脂シート１１１は、容器本体１０の外面に複数周に亘って巻き付けられて径方向外側に積層される。更に、第一強化繊維部材１１２は、上記の繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が容器本体１０の外面に巻き付けられる前に、胴体部１１の外面に沿って胴体部１１の軸方向Ａに対して直交する直交方向Ｂに延びるように形成配置される。 The fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 covers the container body 10 by being wrapped around the outer surface of the container body 10. When the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 covers the container body 10, the second reinforcing fiber member 113 extends in the direction C along the outer surface of the container body 10 and the third reinforcing fiber member 114 extends along the outer surface of the container body 10. It is formed and arranged so as to extend in the direction D. The fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10 over a plurality of circumferences and laminated on the outer side in the radial direction. Further, the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body 11 along the outer surface of the body 11 before the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10. It is formed and arranged so as to extend in the direction B.
　高圧タンク１００の製造は、以下の手順で行われる。具体的には、まず、補強層１１０のフープ層をなす第一強化繊維部材１１２が容器本体１０の胴体部１１の外面に複数周に亘って巻き付けられる。次に、補強層１１０のヘリカル層をなす一枚の繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が巻回された状態でその第一強化繊維部材１１２が巻き付けられている容器本体１０に対して軸方向Ａに並べられ、繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が引き出されながら容器本体１０が軸中心で回転されることにより、その繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が容器本体１０の胴体部１１の外面に巻き付けられる。その後、その繊維強化樹脂シート１１１の外面にフィルムを巻く処理などを行うことにより、その繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が容器本体１０のドーム部１２の外面に沿って賦形されて巻き付けられる。 The high pressure tank 100 is manufactured by the following procedure. Specifically, first, the first reinforcing fiber member 112 forming the hoop layer of the reinforcing layer 110 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 of the container body 10 over a plurality of turns. Next, one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 forming the helical layer of the reinforcing layer 110 is wound in a state of being aligned in the axial direction A with respect to the container body 10 around which the first reinforcing fiber member 112 is wound. By rotating the container body 10 around the axis while pulling out the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111, the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11 of the container body 10. After that, by performing a process of winding a film on the outer surface of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111, the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is shaped and wound along the outer surface of the dome portion 12 of the container body 10.
　そして、繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が径方向に所定複数周に亘って積層されることにより補強層１１０の巻き付けが完了すると、補強層１１０の樹脂成分が硬化又は固化されて、その補強層１１０が容器本体１０の外面に固着される。これにより、高圧タンク１００は、容器本体１０の外面に補強層１１０が巻き付けられた状態に製造される。 When the winding of the reinforcing layer 110 is completed by laminating the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 over a predetermined plurality of circumferences in the radial direction, the resin component of the reinforcing layer 110 is cured or solidified, and the reinforcing layer 110 is formed into a container. It is fixed to the outer surface of the main body 10. Thereby, the high-pressure tank 100 is manufactured in a state where the reinforcing layer 110 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10.
　上記の如く製造された高圧タンク１００でも、容器本体１０の胴体部１１が、第一強化繊維部材１１２並びに繊維強化樹脂シート１１１の第二強化繊維部材１１３及び第三強化繊維部材１１４により巻き締められると共に、容器本体１０のドーム部１２が、繊維強化樹脂シート１１１の第二強化繊維部材１１３及び第三強化繊維部材１１４により巻き締められる。すなわち、胴体部１１は、互いに異なる三方向に延びて交差する強化繊維部材１１２，１１３，１１４により網目状に巻き締められる。このため、胴体部１１が一方向や二方向の強化繊維部材により巻き締められる構造に比べて、胴体部１１の強度を上げることができ、その胴体部１１の耐圧性を向上させることができる。 Also in the high-pressure tank 100 manufactured as described above, the body portion 11 of the container body 10 is fastened by the first reinforcing fiber member 112 and the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the third reinforcing fiber member 114 of the fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111. At the same time, the dome portion 12 of the container body 10 is wound around the second reinforced fiber member 113 and the third reinforced fiber member 114 of the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111. That is, the body portion 11 is wound in a mesh shape by the reinforcing fiber members 112, 113, 114 extending in three different directions and intersecting each other. Therefore, the strength of the body portion 11 can be increased and the pressure resistance of the body portion 11 can be improved as compared with the structure in which the body portion 11 is wound and fastened by the unidirectional or bidirectional reinforcing fiber members.
　また、ドーム部１２は、互いに異なる二方向に延びて交差する強化繊維部材１１３，１１４により網目状に巻き締められる。このため、ドーム部１２が一方向の強化繊維部材により巻き締められる構造に比べて、ドーム部１２の強度を上げることができ、そのドーム部１２の耐圧性を向上させることができる。 The dome portion 12 is wound in a mesh shape by the reinforcing fiber members 113 and 114 extending in two different directions and intersecting each other. Therefore, the strength of the dome portion 12 can be increased and the pressure resistance of the dome portion 12 can be improved as compared with the structure in which the dome portion 12 is wound and fastened by the unidirectional reinforcing fiber member.
　また、容器本体１０の外面に繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が巻き付けられると、ドーム部１２の外面に巻き締められている第二強化繊維部材１１３の繊維と第三強化繊維部材１１４の繊維とがなす軸方向Ａを含んだ範囲のドーム部側交差角βは、胴体部１１の外面に巻き締められている第二強化繊維部材１１３の繊維と第三強化繊維部材１１４の繊維とがなす軸方向Ａを含んだ範囲の胴体部側交差角αとは異なる。具体的には、そのドーム部側交差角βは、その胴体部側交差角αに比べて軸方向Ａを基準にして大きくなる。更に、ドーム部側交差角βは、ドーム部１２と胴体部１１との接続部側からドーム部１２の頂部にかけて徐々に変化し具体的には大きくなる。 Further, when the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10, the axis formed by the fibers of the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the fibers of the third reinforcing fiber member 114 wound around the outer surface of the dome portion 12 is tightened. The dome-side crossing angle β in the range including the direction A is the axial direction A formed by the fibers of the second reinforcing fiber member 113 and the fibers of the third reinforcing fiber member 114 wound around the outer surface of the body portion 11. It differs from the fuselage side crossing angle α in the included range. Specifically, the dome portion side intersection angle β is larger than the body portion side intersection angle α with reference to the axial direction A. Further, the dome portion-side crossing angle β gradually changes from the connecting portion side of the dome portion 12 and the body portion 11 to the top of the dome portion 12, and specifically increases.
　この構造では、胴体部側交差角αが例えば４５°であるとき、ドーム部１２では、繊維方向に対して直交する方向に並ぶ繊維間の隙間が小さくなり、繊維の密集度が高くなるため、ドーム部１２の強度を上げることができ、ドーム部１２の更なる耐久性向上を図ることができる。 In this structure, when the body-side crossing angle α is, for example, 45 °, in the dome portion 12, the gap between the fibers arranged in the direction orthogonal to the fiber direction becomes small, and the density of the fibers becomes high. The strength of the dome portion 12 can be increased, and the durability of the dome portion 12 can be further improved.
　また、容器本体１０の外面に巻き締められる三方向の強化繊維部材１１２，１１３，１１４のうち強化繊維部材１１３，１１４は、一つの繊維強化樹脂シート１１１を構成している。この構造では、容器本体１０の外面に強化繊維部材１１２，１１３，１１４を巻き締めるうえで、容器本体１０の外面に一枚の繊維強化樹脂シート１１１を巻き付けかつ胴体部１１の外面に第一強化繊維部材１１２を巻き付ける作業を行うこととすればよく、別途に線状や帯状の繊維をヘリカル巻き（インプレーン巻き）することを不要とすることができる。 Further, among the reinforcing fiber members 112, 113, 114 in three directions wound around the outer surface of the container body 10, the reinforcing fiber members 113, 114 constitute one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111. In this structure, when the reinforcing fiber members 112, 113, 114 are wound around the outer surface of the container body 10, one fiber-reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10 and the first reinforcement is applied to the outer surface of the body portion 11. It suffices that the work of winding the fiber member 112 is performed, and it is not necessary to separately perform helical winding (in-plane winding) of linear or band-shaped fibers.
　このため、ドーム部１２の外面に線状や帯状の繊維を傾斜角度ズレさせながら複数周に亘って周回させる構造に比べて、製造時間を短縮させることができると共に、製造設備の大型化を抑えて製造コストの削減を図ることができる。更に、ドーム部１２において線状や帯状の繊維が複数周に亘って周回する構造とは異なり、ドーム部１２の全域で繊維を巻くことが困難となる部分が生じ難いので、その困難となる部分を補強することは不要であり、その補強のために繊維の使用量が多くなるのを抑えることができ、補強層１１０が厚肉化するのを抑えることができ、高圧タンク１００の軽量化を図ることができる。従って、高圧タンク１００によれば、製造コストの上昇を招くことなく、ドーム部１２の高い耐圧性を確保することができる。 Therefore, the manufacturing time can be shortened and the size of the manufacturing equipment can be suppressed as compared with the structure in which the linear or band-shaped fiber is wound on the outer surface of the dome portion 12 over a plurality of turns while being inclined at different angles. Manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, unlike the structure in which linear or band-shaped fibers are wound around the dome portion 12 over a plurality of circumferences, it is difficult to form a portion where it is difficult to wind the fiber in the entire area of the dome portion 12. It is not necessary to reinforce, and it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of fibers used for the reinforcement, prevent the reinforcing layer 110 from thickening, and reduce the weight of the high-pressure tank 100. Can be planned. Therefore, according to the high-pressure tank 100, the high pressure resistance of the dome portion 12 can be secured without increasing the manufacturing cost.
　ところで、上記の第二実施形態においては、第一強化繊維部材１１２が、繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が容器本体１０の外面に巻き付けられる前に、胴体部１１の外面に沿って胴体部１１の軸方向Ａに対して直交する直交方向Ｂに延びるように形成配置される。しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。繊維強化樹脂シート１１１が容器本体１０の外面に巻き付けられた後に、第一強化繊維部材１１２が、胴体部１１の外面に沿って胴体部１１の軸方向Ａに対して直交する直交方向Ｂに延びるように形成配置されてもよい。 By the way, in the above-mentioned second embodiment, before the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10, the first reinforcing fiber member 112 extends along the outer surface of the body portion 11 in the axial direction of the body portion 11. It is formed and arranged so as to extend in an orthogonal direction B orthogonal to A. However, the present invention is not limited to this. After the fiber reinforced resin sheet 111 is wound around the outer surface of the container body 10, the first reinforcing fiber member 112 extends along the outer surface of the body portion 11 in the orthogonal direction B orthogonal to the axial direction A of the body portion 11. May be formed and arranged as described above.
　尚、上記の第一及び第二実施形態においては、補強層３０，１１０が、互いに異なる三方向に延びる強化繊維部材３２，３３，３４，１１２，１１３，１１４からなる。しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。補強層３０，１１０が、互いに異なる四以上の方向に延びる強化繊維部材からなるものとしてもよい。 In the first and second embodiments described above, the reinforcing layers 30, 110 are composed of reinforcing fiber members 32, 33, 34, 112, 113, 114 extending in three different directions. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The reinforcing layers 30 and 110 may be made of reinforcing fiber members extending in four or more different directions.
　また、必要に応じて低角度ヘリカル巻き（インプレーン巻き）による補強層を追加してもよい。この場合でも、ドーム部１２の全域で繊維を巻くことができるため、低角度ヘリカル巻きの巻数を低減することができ、製造コストの上昇を抑制しつつ、ドーム部１２の高い耐圧性を確保することができる。 Also, a low-angle helical winding (in-plane winding) reinforcement layer may be added if necessary. Even in this case, since the fiber can be wound in the entire area of the dome portion 12, it is possible to reduce the number of turns of the low-angle helical winding, and while suppressing an increase in manufacturing cost, ensure high pressure resistance of the dome portion 12. be able to.
　尚、本発明は、上述した実施形態や変形形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更を施すことが可能である。 It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
　１，１００：高圧タンク、１０：容器本体、１１：胴体部、１２：ドーム部、３０，１１０：補強層、３１，１１１：繊維強化樹脂シート、３２，１１２：第一強化繊維部材、３３，１１３：第二強化繊維部材、３４，１１４：第三強化繊維部材。 1, 100: high-pressure tank, 10: container body, 11: body part, 12: dome part, 30, 110: reinforcing layer, 31, 111: fiber-reinforced resin sheet, 32, 112: first reinforcing fiber member, 33, 113: second reinforcing fiber member, 34, 114: third reinforcing fiber member.

Claims (5)

  1. 　筒状に形成された胴体部と、前記胴体部の軸方向両端それぞれにドーム状に形成されたドーム部と、を有する容器本体と、
    　前記容器本体の外面に複数周に亘って巻き付けられた補強層と、
    　を備え、
    　前記補強層は、
    　前記胴体部の外面に巻き付けられる、繊維が前記胴体部の軸方向に対して直交する第一方向に延びて周回する第一強化繊維部材と、
    　前記容器本体の外面に巻き付けられると共に、繊維が前記第一方向とは異なる第二方向に延びて前記第一強化繊維部材に交差する第二強化繊維部材と、繊維が前記第一方向とは異なりかつ第二方向とは異なる第三方向に延びて前記第一強化繊維部材及び前記第二強化繊維部材の双方に交差する第三強化繊維部材と、が編み込まれた繊維強化樹脂シートと、
    　を有する、高圧タンク。     A container body having a tubular body portion, and dome portions formed in dome shapes on both axial ends of the body portion,
    A reinforcing layer wrapped around the outer surface of the container body over a plurality of circumferences,
    Equipped with
    The reinforcing layer is
    Wound around the outer surface of the body portion, the first reinforcing fiber member in which the fiber extends and circulates in a first direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the body portion,
    While being wrapped around the outer surface of the container body, the fiber extends in a second direction different from the first direction and intersects the first reinforcing fiber member, and the fiber is different from the first direction. And a third reinforced fiber member that extends in a third direction different from the second direction and intersects both the first reinforced fiber member and the second reinforced fiber member, and a fiber reinforced resin sheet in which is woven,
    A high pressure tank.
  2. 　前記第一強化繊維部材は、前記第二強化繊維部材及び前記第三強化繊維部材と共に編み込まれて、前記繊維強化樹脂シートを構成している、請求項１に記載の高圧タンク。 The high-pressure tank according to claim 1, wherein the first reinforcing fiber member is knitted together with the second reinforcing fiber member and the third reinforcing fiber member to form the fiber-reinforced resin sheet.
  3. 　前記ドーム部の外面に巻き付けられている前記繊維強化樹脂シートにおける前記第二強化繊維部材と前記第三強化繊維部材とのドーム部側交差角は、前記胴体部の外面に巻き付けられている前記繊維強化樹脂シートにおける前記第二強化繊維部材と前記第三強化繊維部材との胴体部側交差角とは異なる、請求項１に記載の高圧タンク。 The dome-side crossing angle between the second reinforcing fiber member and the third reinforcing fiber member in the fiber-reinforced resin sheet wound around the outer surface of the dome portion is the fiber wound around the outer surface of the body portion. The high-pressure tank according to claim 1, wherein the body part side crossing angle between the second reinforcing fiber member and the third reinforcing fiber member in the reinforcing resin sheet is different.
  4. 　前記ドーム部側交差角は、前記胴体部側交差角に比べて、前記胴体部の軸方向を基準にして大きい、請求項３に記載の高圧タンク。 The high-pressure tank according to claim 3, wherein the cross angle on the dome portion side is larger than the cross angle on the body portion side with respect to the axial direction of the body portion.
  5. 　前記ドーム部側交差角は、前記胴体部との接続部側から前記ドーム部の頂部にかけて徐々に変化する、請求項３に記載の高圧タンク。 The high-pressure tank according to claim 3, wherein the dome-side crossing angle gradually changes from the side of the connection with the body to the top of the dome.
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