WO2020084176A1 - Corner seismic isolator for seismic protection of buildings - Google Patents

Corner seismic isolator for seismic protection of buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020084176A1
WO2020084176A1 PCT/ES2019/070694 ES2019070694W WO2020084176A1 WO 2020084176 A1 WO2020084176 A1 WO 2020084176A1 ES 2019070694 W ES2019070694 W ES 2019070694W WO 2020084176 A1 WO2020084176 A1 WO 2020084176A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
partition
arm
frame
length
seismic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2019/070694
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Luis Pallarés Rubio
Francisco Javier Pallarés Rubio
Original Assignee
Universitat Politècnica De Valencia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universitat Politècnica De Valencia filed Critical Universitat Politècnica De Valencia
Priority to EP19876380.7A priority Critical patent/EP3872273A4/en
Priority to US17/288,005 priority patent/US20220010574A1/en
Publication of WO2020084176A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020084176A1/en
Priority to CONC2021/0005170A priority patent/CO2021005170A2/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/12—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/72—Non-load-bearing walls of elements of relatively thin form with respect to the thickness of the wall
    • E04B2/721—Non-load-bearing walls of elements of relatively thin form with respect to the thickness of the wall connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings

Definitions

  • the purpose of this invention application is to register a seismic insulator particularly suitable for conditioning buildings, both new and existing, with brick partitioning to the new seismic regulations.
  • the invention proposes the development of a simulated insulator, which due to its particular arrangement, allows reducing the interaction that occurs between brick partitions and the resistant structure of buildings due to seismic activity.
  • patent documents CN102268900A and ES2524844A1 mention a seismic insulating element intended for the construction of partitions or enclosures, which is substantially brick-shaped and consists of a matrix of flexible material and a bar or a few rods of rigid material embedded in the matrix, some of them through side by side.
  • a plurality of these elements can be placed at the corners of the partition replacing the bricks, using mortar to confer bonding with the partition, with the frame and between the pieces themselves.
  • both the mortar placed between the elements and the side-to-side through rods also transfer part of the loads from the structure to the partition, reducing the insulating effect of the flexible pieces and creating a flow of forces through the mortar and / or the thru rods resulting in the formation of part of the initial connecting rod.
  • the present invention has been developed in order to provide a seismic isolator that is configured as a novelty within the field of application and that solves the aforementioned setbacks, particularly suitable for seismic adaptation of existing buildings made up of at least one resistant element in the form of a frame with a brick partition inside.
  • the seismic isolator object of this invention corresponds to a monoblock piece formed by a more flexible material than the frame and the bricks of the partition, such as polymers of the rubber, polyurethane or EVA type.
  • the present seismic isolator is characterized by comprising two arms arranged at right angles, one to be placed between the frame and the partition in a vertical direction and the other to be placed between the frame and the partition in a horizontal direction in its condition of use.
  • the thickness of the insulator in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the partition can be 0.5 to 1.5 times the thickness of the bricks.
  • the width of each arm can be equal to or greater than a third of the height of a single brick.
  • each arm can be equal to or greater than three times the width of the arm itself, being at the same time a portion of the corresponding dimension of the partition, the vertical arm being able to have one length between 0.1 and 0.5 times the height of the septum and the horizontal arm a length between 0.1 and 0.5 times the length of the septum.
  • the seismic isolator of the present invention maintains continuous contact with the structure of the building and thus allows damping throughout the entire element, seismically isolating the corner and sides of the partition in a more adequate way than in existing methods in the state of the art.
  • the interaction with the building structure is greatly reduced.
  • Each L-shaped piece is deformed as a result of the displacement of the structure, preventing the brick partition from entering into load.
  • the manufacturing, transport and installation costs are reduced compared to the insulating elements in the shape of a brick, especially in existing partitions.
  • the width of at least one of the arms can be greater in the area close to the joint with the other arm and be smaller in the area of the end of the arm.
  • the present insulator may comprise at least one insert.
  • One end of this insert will be embedded in the piece less than or equal to four fifths of the width of the arm in the same direction as the insert.
  • the other end of the insert may protrude from one of the insulator surfaces perpendicular to the plane of the septum by a length less than or equal to the width of the sore and / or the existing line in the septum.
  • each arm can comprise an insert placed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the corresponding arm.
  • each arm may comprise at least one insert perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the arm itself.
  • the insulator comprises one of every two consecutive perpendicular inserts with one end protruding from the surface that is in contact with the frame or structure of the building.
  • the inserts alternate to the previous ones comprise an end protruding through the surface that is in contact with the partition. This last configuration achieves an interlocking of the insulator to the frame and to the partition in a distributed way.
  • the material of the inserts can be any material that is rigid and resistant in relative terms compared to the base material of the insulator, for example, it can be steel or any polymer that complies with said characteristic.
  • the present seismic insulator in its use condition has continuous contact with the building structure and does not present elements that transmit large forces in relative terms from the structure to the brick partition, that is, that inhibit the insulating effect (such as mortar or through rods).
  • the stresses in the partition are reduced by making the formation of compression rods difficult, thus protecting the partition and reducing economic and human losses associated with partition breaks.
  • the insulator is economical to install, especially in existing partitions, since it is sufficient to just rub or cut the corner of the partition, place the insulator and fill in the gaps between the insulator and the partition and between the insulator and the structural frame with masonry mortar (which does not generate new loads because it is deformed together with the insulator, as this is a continuous piece with flexibility).
  • the seismic isolator itself is economical to manufacture even with inserts, which can be easily added after the formation of the arms of flexible material.
  • Figure 1.- Is a schematic elevation view of the seismic isolator of the present invention in its use condition.
  • Figure 2.- Is a perspective view of an embodiment of the seismic isolator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 Is a schematic view of an embodiment of the seismic isolator of the present invention.
  • the preferred embodiment of the seismic isolator of the present invention consists of a monoblock piece (1) that comprises two arms (1, 12) arranged at right angles, one to be placed between the frame ( M) and the partition (T) in the vertical direction and another to be located between the frame (M) and the partition (T) in the horizontal direction.
  • the arms (11, 12) have a width somewhat less than the height of the partition bricks (T)
  • the horizontal arm has a length of ten times the width of the insulator and the vertical arm nine times the width of the insulator.
  • This figure shows the mortar (m) placed around the monoblock piece (1), which fills the gaps between it and the frame (M), and between it and the partition (T).
  • the example embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3 comprises an insert (2) placed at the end of each arm (11, 12), parallel to their longitudinal directions. Likewise, it includes in each arm (11, 12) inserts (2) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, of which one of each two consecutive inserts (2) comprises one end protruding through the surface that is in contact with the frame. (M), at the same time as the inserts (2) alternate to the previous ones comprise one end protruding from the surface that is in contact with the partition (T).
  • the width of the arms (11, 12) is equal to their thickness, and their length is four times the width itself, and may be between 0.1 and 0.5 times the height of the partition in the case of the vertical arm and between 0.1 and 0.5 times the length of the partition in the case of the horizontal arm.
  • the embedded length of the inserts (2) of this example embodiment is two thirds the width of the arms (11, 12). It is also appreciated how the external end of all the inserts (2) protrudes a sixth of the length of the piece, resulting less than the width of the sore and / or mortar line of the partition in which it is inserted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

A corner seismic isolator for the seismic protection of buildings, both new and already built, comprising at least one resistant element in the form of a frame with a brick partition inside, the isolator consisting of a single monobloc part formed from a material more flexible than the frame and than the bricks in the partition, comprising two arms arranged at a right angle, one to be situated between the frame and the partition in a vertical direction and the other to be situated between the frame and the partition in a horizontal direction, the thickness of which in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the partition is between 0.5 and 1.5 times the thickness of the bricks in the partition, with the width of the arms being equal to or greater than one third of the height of a single brick in the partition and the length thereof being equal to or greater than three times the width of the arm itself, with the length thereof, in turn, being a portion of the corresponding dimension of the partition, with the vertical arm having a length of between 0.1 and 0.5 times the height of the partition and the horizontal arm a length of between 0.1 and 0.5 times the length of the partition.

Description

DESCRIPCIÓN  DESCRIPTION
Aislador sísmico de esquina para adecuación sísmica de edificios. Corner seismic isolator for seismic adaptation of buildings.
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente solicitud de invención tiene por objeto el registro de un aislador sísmico particularmente conveniente para acondicionar edificios, tanto de nueva construcción como ya existentes, con tabiquería de ladrillo a las nuevas normativas sísmicas. The purpose of this invention application is to register a seismic insulator particularly suitable for conditioning buildings, both new and existing, with brick partitioning to the new seismic regulations.
Más concretamente, la invención propone el desarrollo de un aislador símico, que por su particular disposición, permite disminuir la interacción que se produce entre los tabiques de ladrillo y la estructura resistente de los edificios debido a la actividad sísmica. More specifically, the invention proposes the development of a simulated insulator, which due to its particular arrangement, allows reducing the interaction that occurs between brick partitions and the resistant structure of buildings due to seismic activity.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
La tabiquería interior que compartimenta los espacios de un edificio tiene una gran influencia en el comportamiento sísmico de este último. Debido a que la estructura global se rigidiza en conjunto al construir la tabiquería, la respuesta sísmica es distinta a la prevista en los cálculos, los cuales se realizan sin considerar la tabiquería interior. La deriva de cada planta del edificio produce en los tabiques unas bielas de compresión cuyos extremos terminan en la cabeza y base de los pilares que conforman cada marco cerrado, pudiendo llevar a fallos estructurales no previstos. The interior partitioning that compartments the spaces of a building has a great influence on the seismic behavior of the latter. Because the overall structure is stiffened together when building the partition, the seismic response is different from that expected in the calculations, which are performed without considering the interior partition. The drift of each floor of the building produces compression connecting rods in the partitions whose ends end at the head and base of the pillars that make up each closed frame, which can lead to unforeseen structural failures.
La normativa actual indica que los tabiques de mampostería que no se hayan tenido en cuenta en los cálculos de la respuesta sísmica, deben aislarse sísmicamente del resto de la estructura para que no influyan en la respuesta sísmica del edificio. Current regulations indicate that masonry partitions that have not been taken into account in the calculations of the seismic response, must be seismically isolated from the rest of the structure so that they do not influence the seismic response of the building.
Son conocidos en el actual estado de la técnica unos elementos configurados para aislar tabiques de los marcos estructurales que los rodean. Por ejemplo, los documentos de patente CN102268900A y ES2524844A1 hacen mención a un elemento aislador sísmico destinado a la construcción de particiones o cerramientos, el cual tiene forma sustancialmente de ladrillo y está constituido por una matriz de material flexible y una barra o unas cuantas varillas de material rígido embebidas en la matriz, algunas de ellas pasantes de lado a lado. Una pluralidad de estos elementos se puede colocar en las esquinas del tabique sustituyendo a los ladrillos, utilizando mortero para conferir trabazón con el tabique, con el marco y entre las propias piezas. In the current state of the art, elements configured to isolate partitions from the structural frames that surround them are known. For example, patent documents CN102268900A and ES2524844A1 mention a seismic insulating element intended for the construction of partitions or enclosures, which is substantially brick-shaped and consists of a matrix of flexible material and a bar or a few rods of rigid material embedded in the matrix, some of them through side by side. A plurality of these elements can be placed at the corners of the partition replacing the bricks, using mortar to confer bonding with the partition, with the frame and between the pieces themselves.
Sin embargo, tanto el mortero colocado entre los elementos como las varillas pasantes de lado a lado, transfieren igualmente parte de las cargas desde la estructura al tabique, disminuyendo el efecto aislador de las piezas flexibles y conformándose un flujo de fuerzas a través del mortero y/o las varillas pasantes que resulta en la formación de parte de la biela inicial. However, both the mortar placed between the elements and the side-to-side through rods also transfer part of the loads from the structure to the partition, reducing the insulating effect of the flexible pieces and creating a flow of forces through the mortar and / or the thru rods resulting in the formation of part of the initial connecting rod.
Por tanto, todavía hay necesidad de un aislador sísmico para obra nueva y existente que sea económico de fabricar y de instalar, cuya matriz de material flexible tenga un contacto continuo con la estructura del edificio, evitando la existencia de mortero entre los elementos, y que no presente elementos rígidos pasantes de lado a lado que puedan transmitir fuerzas desde la estructura al resto del tabique de ladrillo. La presente invención contribuye a solventar la existente carencia. Therefore, there is still a need for a seismic isolator for new and existing construction that is economical to manufacture and install, whose flexible material matrix has continuous contact with the building structure, avoiding the existence of mortar between the elements, and which there are no rigid side-to-side through elements that can transmit forces from the structure to the rest of the brick partition. The present invention contributes to solving the existing deficiency.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se ha desarrollado con el fin de proporcionar un aislador sísmico que se configura como una novedad dentro del campo de aplicación y que resuelve las contrariedades anteriormente mencionadas, particularmente conveniente para la adecuación sísmica de edificios ya existentes conformados por al menos un elemento resistente en forma de marco con un tabique de ladrillos en su interior. The present invention has been developed in order to provide a seismic isolator that is configured as a novelty within the field of application and that solves the aforementioned setbacks, particularly suitable for seismic adaptation of existing buildings made up of at least one resistant element in the form of a frame with a brick partition inside.
El aislador sísmico objeto de esta invención corresponde a una pieza monobloque formada por un material más flexible que el marco y que los ladrillos del tabique, como por ejemplo polímeros del tipo caucho, poliuretano o goma EVA. El presente aislador sísmico se caracteriza por comprender dos brazos dispuestos en ángulo recto, uno para situarse entre el marco y el tabique en dirección vertical y otro para situarse entre el marco y el tabique en dirección horizontal en su condición de uso. El grosor del aislante en la dirección perpendicular al plano del tabique puede ser de 0.5 a 1.5 veces el grosor de los ladrillos. El ancho de cada brazo puede ser igual o mayor a un tercio de la altura de un único ladrillo. La longitud de cada brazo puede ser igual o mayor a tres veces el ancho del propio brazo, siendo a la vez una porción de la dimensión correspondiente del tabique, pudiendo tener el brazo vertical una longitud entre 0.1 y 0.5 veces la altura del tabique y el brazo horizontal una longitud entre 0.1 y 0.5 veces la largura del tabique. The seismic isolator object of this invention corresponds to a monoblock piece formed by a more flexible material than the frame and the bricks of the partition, such as polymers of the rubber, polyurethane or EVA type. The present seismic isolator is characterized by comprising two arms arranged at right angles, one to be placed between the frame and the partition in a vertical direction and the other to be placed between the frame and the partition in a horizontal direction in its condition of use. The thickness of the insulator in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the partition can be 0.5 to 1.5 times the thickness of the bricks. The width of each arm can be equal to or greater than a third of the height of a single brick. The length of each arm can be equal to or greater than three times the width of the arm itself, being at the same time a portion of the corresponding dimension of the partition, the vertical arm being able to have one length between 0.1 and 0.5 times the height of the septum and the horizontal arm a length between 0.1 and 0.5 times the length of the septum.
Gracias a esta configuración, el aislador sísmico de la presente invención mantiene un contacto continuo con la estructura del edificio y con ello permite un amortiguamiento a lo largo de todo el elemento, aislando sísmicamente la esquina y lados del tabique de una forma más adecuada que en los métodos existentes en el estado de la técnica. En caso de colocar un aislador sísmico en cada esquina del tabique, se disminuye en gran medida la interacción que se produce con la estructura del edificio. Cada pieza, en forma de L, se deforma a consecuencia del desplazamiento de la estructura, evitando que el tabique de ladrillo entre en carga. Por otro lado, al ser una pieza íntegra, se reducen los costes de fabricación, transporte e instalación respecto a los elementos aislantes con forma de ladrillo, sobretodo en tabiques ya existentes. Thanks to this configuration, the seismic isolator of the present invention maintains continuous contact with the structure of the building and thus allows damping throughout the entire element, seismically isolating the corner and sides of the partition in a more adequate way than in existing methods in the state of the art. By placing a seismic isolator at each corner of the partition, the interaction with the building structure is greatly reduced. Each L-shaped piece is deformed as a result of the displacement of the structure, preventing the brick partition from entering into load. On the other hand, as it is an integral part, the manufacturing, transport and installation costs are reduced compared to the insulating elements in the shape of a brick, especially in existing partitions.
Para favorecer un amortiguamiento equilibrado a lo largo de todo el elemento, el ancho de al menos uno de los brazos puede ser mayor en la zona cercana a la unión con el otro brazo y ser más reducido en la zona del extremo del brazo. To promote balanced damping throughout the entire element, the width of at least one of the arms can be greater in the area close to the joint with the other arm and be smaller in the area of the end of the arm.
Para trabar la pieza a la estructura y al tabique, el presente aislador puede comprender al menos un inserto. Uno de los extremos de este inserto estará embebido en la pieza una longitud menor o igual a cuatro quintas partes del ancho del brazo en la misma dirección del inserto. El otro extremo del inserto podrá sobresalir de una de las superficies del aislador perpendiculares al plano del tabique una longitud menor o igual a la anchura de la llaga y/o del tendel existente en el tabique. To lock the part to the frame and to the partition, the present insulator may comprise at least one insert. One end of this insert will be embedded in the piece less than or equal to four fifths of the width of the arm in the same direction as the insert. The other end of the insert may protrude from one of the insulator surfaces perpendicular to the plane of the septum by a length less than or equal to the width of the sore and / or the existing line in the septum.
En este sentido, el extremo de cada brazo puede comprender un inserto colocado paralelamente a la dirección longitudinal del correspondiente brazo. Así mismo, cada brazo puede comprender al menos un inserto perpendicular a la dirección longitudinal del propio brazo. Preferentemente, el aislador comprende uno de cada dos insertos perpendiculares consecutivos con un extremo sobresaliendo por la superficie que se encuentra en contacto con el marco o estructura del edificio. Así mismo, los insertos alternos a los anteriores comprenden un extremo sobresaliendo por la superficie que se encuentra en contacto con el tabique. Esta última configuración consigue una trabazón del aislador al marco y al tabique de una forma distribuida. El material de los insertos puede ser cualquier material rígido y resistente en términos relativos frente al material base del aislador, pudiendo ser por ejemplo el acero o cualquier polímero que cumpla con dicha característica. In this sense, the end of each arm can comprise an insert placed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the corresponding arm. Likewise, each arm may comprise at least one insert perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the arm itself. Preferably, the insulator comprises one of every two consecutive perpendicular inserts with one end protruding from the surface that is in contact with the frame or structure of the building. Likewise, the inserts alternate to the previous ones comprise an end protruding through the surface that is in contact with the partition. This last configuration achieves an interlocking of the insulator to the frame and to the partition in a distributed way. The material of the inserts can be any material that is rigid and resistant in relative terms compared to the base material of the insulator, for example, it can be steel or any polymer that complies with said characteristic.
Gracias a esta configuración, el presente aislador sísmico en su condición de uso tiene un contacto continuo con la estructura del edificio y no presenta elementos que transmitan fuerzas grandes en términos relativos desde la estructura al tabique de ladrillo, es decir, que inhiban el efecto aislador (como mortero o varillas pasantes). Las tensiones en el tabique se reducen al dificultarse la formación de bielas de compresión, por lo que se protege el tabique y se reducen pérdidas económicas y humanas asociadas a roturas de tabiquería. Como ventaja que también debe tenerse en cuenta, el aislador resulta económico de instalar, sobretodo en tabiques ya existentes, ya que es suficiente con sólo realizar una roza o cajeado en la esquina del tabique, colocar el aislador y rellenar los huecos que haya entre el aislador y el tabique y entre el aislador y el marco estructural con mortero de albañilería (el cual no genera nuevas cargas porque se deforma junto con el aislador, al ser este una pieza continua con flexibilidad). Así mismo, el propio aislador sísmico es económico de fabricar incluso con insertos, los cuales se pueden añadir fácilmente después de la formación de los brazos de material flexible. Thanks to this configuration, the present seismic insulator in its use condition has continuous contact with the building structure and does not present elements that transmit large forces in relative terms from the structure to the brick partition, that is, that inhibit the insulating effect (such as mortar or through rods). The stresses in the partition are reduced by making the formation of compression rods difficult, thus protecting the partition and reducing economic and human losses associated with partition breaks. As an advantage that must also be taken into account, the insulator is economical to install, especially in existing partitions, since it is sufficient to just rub or cut the corner of the partition, place the insulator and fill in the gaps between the insulator and the partition and between the insulator and the structural frame with masonry mortar (which does not generate new loads because it is deformed together with the insulator, as this is a continuous piece with flexibility). Likewise, the seismic isolator itself is economical to manufacture even with inserts, which can be easily added after the formation of the arms of flexible material.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figura 1.- Es una vista esquemática en alzado del aislador sísmico de la presente invención en su condición de uso. Figure 1.- Is a schematic elevation view of the seismic isolator of the present invention in its use condition.
Figura 2.- Es una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realización del aislador sísmico de la presente invención. Figure 2.- Is a perspective view of an embodiment of the seismic isolator of the present invention.
Figura 3.- Es una vista esquemática de un ejemplo de realización del aislador sísmico de la presente invención. Figure 3.- Is a schematic view of an embodiment of the seismic isolator of the present invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE UNA REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A la vista de las mencionadas figuras y, de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada, se puede observar en ellas un ejemplo de realización preferente de la invención, comprendiendo las partes y elementos que se indican y describen en detalle a continuación. Tal y como se muestra en la figura 1 , la realización preferente del aislador sísmico de la presente invención consiste en una pieza monobloque (1) que comprende dos brazos (1 1 , 12) dispuestos en ángulo recto, uno para situarse entre el marco (M) y el tabique (T) en dirección vertical y otro para situarse entre el marco (M) y el tabique (T) en dirección horizontal. En la realización de ejemplo mostrada en la figura 1 , los brazos (11 , 12) tienen un ancho algo menor a la altura de los ladrillos del tabique (T), el brazo horizontal tiene una longitud de diez veces el ancho del aislador y el brazo vertical de nueve veces el ancho del aislador. En esta figura se aprecia el mortero (m) colocado alrededor de la pieza monobloque (1), el cual rellena los huecos entre esta y el marco (M), y entre esta y el tabique (T). In view of the aforementioned figures and, according to the numbering adopted, a preferred embodiment of the invention can be seen in them, comprising the parts and elements indicated and described in detail below. As shown in Figure 1, the preferred embodiment of the seismic isolator of the present invention consists of a monoblock piece (1) that comprises two arms (1, 12) arranged at right angles, one to be placed between the frame ( M) and the partition (T) in the vertical direction and another to be located between the frame (M) and the partition (T) in the horizontal direction. In the example embodiment shown in figure 1, the arms (11, 12) have a width somewhat less than the height of the partition bricks (T), the horizontal arm has a length of ten times the width of the insulator and the vertical arm nine times the width of the insulator. This figure shows the mortar (m) placed around the monoblock piece (1), which fills the gaps between it and the frame (M), and between it and the partition (T).
La realización de ejemplo mostrada en las figuras 2 y 3, comprende un inserto (2) colocado en el extremo de cada brazo (11 , 12), paralelamente a sus direcciones longitudinales. Así mismo, comprende en cada brazo (11 , 12) unos insertos (2) perpendiculares a la dirección longitudinal, de los cuales uno de cada dos insertos (2) consecutivos comprenden un extremo sobresaliendo por la superficie que se encuentra en contacto con el marco (M), a la vez que los insertos (2) alternos a los anteriores comprenden un extremo sobresaliendo por la superficie que se encuentra en contacto con el tabique (T). En este caso, el ancho de los brazos (11 , 12) es igual a su grosor, y su longitud es cuatro veces el propio ancho, pudiendo estar comprendida entre 0.1 y 0.5 veces la altura del tabique en el caso del brazo vertical y entre 0.1 y 0.5 veces la longitud del tabique en el caso del brazo horizontal. Como se puede apreciar en la figura 3 en líneas punteadas, la longitud embebida de los insertos (2) de esta realización de ejemplo es de dos terceras partes al ancho de los brazos (11 , 12). También se aprecia cómo el extremo externo de todos los insertos (2) sobresale de la pieza una sexta parte de la longitud de esta, resultando menor que la anchura de la llaga y/o tendel de mortero del tabique en el que se inserte. The example embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, comprises an insert (2) placed at the end of each arm (11, 12), parallel to their longitudinal directions. Likewise, it includes in each arm (11, 12) inserts (2) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, of which one of each two consecutive inserts (2) comprises one end protruding through the surface that is in contact with the frame. (M), at the same time as the inserts (2) alternate to the previous ones comprise one end protruding from the surface that is in contact with the partition (T). In this case, the width of the arms (11, 12) is equal to their thickness, and their length is four times the width itself, and may be between 0.1 and 0.5 times the height of the partition in the case of the vertical arm and between 0.1 and 0.5 times the length of the partition in the case of the horizontal arm. As can be seen in figure 3 in dotted lines, the embedded length of the inserts (2) of this example embodiment is two thirds the width of the arms (11, 12). It is also appreciated how the external end of all the inserts (2) protrudes a sixth of the length of the piece, resulting less than the width of the sore and / or mortar line of the partition in which it is inserted.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Aislador sísmico de esquina para adecuación sísmica de edificios, tanto de obra nueva como existentes, conformados por al menos un elemento resistente en forma de marco (M) con un tabique de ladrillos (T) en su interior, el aislador consistiendo en una pieza monobloque (1) formada por un material más flexible que el marco (M) y que los ladrillos del tabique (T), caracterizado porque comprende dos brazos (11 , 12) dispuestos en ángulo recto, uno para situarse entre el marco (M) y el tabique (T) en dirección vertical y otro para situarse entre el marco (M) y el tabique (T) en dirección horizontal, cuyo grosor en la dirección perpendicular al plano del tabique (T) es de 0.5 a 1.5 veces el grosor de los ladrillos del tabique (T), siendo el ancho de los brazos (11 , 12) igual o mayor a un tercio de la altura de un único ladrillo del tabique (T) y su longitud igual o mayor a tres veces el ancho del propio brazo (11 , 12), siendo su longitud a la vez una porción de la dimensión correspondiente del tabique, pudiendo tener el brazo vertical una longitud entre 0.1 y 0.5 veces la altura del tabique y el brazo horizontal una longitud entre 0.1 y 0.5 veces la largura del tabique. 1. Corner seismic insulator for seismic adaptation of buildings, both new and existing, consisting of at least one resistant element in the form of a frame (M) with a brick partition (T) inside, the insulator consisting of a monobloc piece (1) formed by a more flexible material than the frame (M) and the bricks of the partition (T), characterized in that it comprises two arms (11, 12) arranged at right angles, one to be placed between the frame (M ) and the partition (T) in the vertical direction and another to be located between the frame (M) and the partition (T) in the horizontal direction, whose thickness in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the partition (T) is 0.5 to 1.5 times the thickness of the septum bricks (T), the width of the arms (11, 12) being equal to or greater than a third of the height of a single septum brick (T) and its length equal to or greater than three times the width of the arm itself (11, 12), its length being at the same time a portion of the dimension Corresponding partition, the vertical arm may have a length between 0.1 and 0.5 times the height of the partition and the horizontal arm a length between 0.1 and 0.5 times the length of the partition.
2. Aislador según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque comprende al menos un inserto (2), que tiene un extremo embebido en la pieza (1), este extremo siendo de una longitud menor o igual a cuatro quintas partes del ancho del propio brazo (11 , 12), y el otro extremo sobresaliendo de una de las superficies del aislador perpendiculares al plano del tabique (T). 2. Insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one insert (2), which has one end embedded in the piece (1), this end being less than or equal to four fifths of the width of the arm itself ( 11, 12), and the other end protruding from one of the insulator surfaces perpendicular to the plane of the partition (T).
3. Aislador según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque el extremo de cada brazo (11 , 12) comprende un inserto (2) colocado paralelamente a la dirección longitudinal del correspondiente brazo (11 , 12). 3. Insulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the end of each arm (11, 12) comprises an insert (2) placed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the corresponding arm (11, 12).
4. Aislador según la reivindicación 2 o 3, caracterizado porque cada brazo (11 , 12) comprende al menos un inserto (2) perpendicular a la dirección longitudinal del correspondiente brazo (11 , 12). Insulator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each arm (11, 12) comprises at least one insert (2) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the corresponding arm (11, 12).
5. Aislador según la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque uno de cada dos insertos (2) perpendiculares consecutivos comprenden un extremo sobresaliendo por la superficie que se encuentra en contacto con el marco (M) y los insertos (2) alternos a los anteriores comprenden un extremo sobresaliendo por la superficie que se encuentra en contacto con el tabique (T). Insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that one out of every two consecutive perpendicular inserts (2) comprises one end projecting from the surface that is in contact with the frame (M) and the inserts (2) alternate to the previous ones comprise a end protruding through the surface in contact with the partition (T).
6. Aislador según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque el ancho de al menos uno de los brazos (11 , 12) es mayor en la zona cercana a la unión con el otro brazo (11 , 12) y es más reducido en la zona del propio extremo. 6. Insulator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width of at least one of the arms (11, 12) is greater in the area close to the connection with the other arm (11, 12) and is less in the end area itself.
PCT/ES2019/070694 2018-10-24 2019-10-11 Corner seismic isolator for seismic protection of buildings WO2020084176A1 (en)

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EP19876380.7A EP3872273A4 (en) 2018-10-24 2019-10-11 Corner seismic isolator for seismic protection of buildings
US17/288,005 US20220010574A1 (en) 2018-10-24 2019-10-11 Corner seismic isolator for seismic protection of buildings
CONC2021/0005170A CO2021005170A2 (en) 2018-10-24 2021-04-22 Corner seismic isolator for seismic retrofitting of buildings

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ES201831030A ES2708385B2 (en) 2018-10-24 2018-10-24 Seismic corner isolator for seismic adaptation of buildings.
ESP201831030 2018-10-24

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EP3872273A1 (en) 2021-09-01
ES2708385A1 (en) 2019-04-09
EP3872273A4 (en) 2022-08-03
ES2708385B2 (en) 2020-12-23
CL2021001043A1 (en) 2021-09-20
CO2021005170A2 (en) 2021-04-30
US20220010574A1 (en) 2022-01-13

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