WO2020082918A1 - 架空光缆 - Google Patents

架空光缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020082918A1
WO2020082918A1 PCT/CN2019/104906 CN2019104906W WO2020082918A1 WO 2020082918 A1 WO2020082918 A1 WO 2020082918A1 CN 2019104906 W CN2019104906 W CN 2019104906W WO 2020082918 A1 WO2020082918 A1 WO 2020082918A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
optical cable
overhead
wrapped around
aerial optical
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PCT/CN2019/104906
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭孝平
王宇亮
刘沛东
张小山
朱聪威
余旭洋
乐海音
杨冬玉
聂镇
吴迪
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江苏亨通光电股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020082918A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020082918A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
    • G02B6/4422—Heterogeneous cables of the overhead type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/44384—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising water blocking or hydrophobic materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of optical cables, in particular to an aerial optical cable.
  • optical fiber cable communication Due to the advantages of fast cable speed and good transmission quality, optical fiber cable communication is becoming more and more widely used, and human information transmission is also inseparable from the optical fiber cable.
  • the common laying methods of optical cables mainly include overhead, direct burial, pipeline and other methods.
  • the overhead method is mostly suitable for wild mountain areas, river areas, woodlands, etc.
  • the overhead optical cable laid by overhead method needs to be erected across long-distance pole towers according to different laying environments (generally involving a span of more than 800m). Because it is mostly erected in the open, it provides a good resting place for birds and rodents. Make it the object of its bite, which will not only affect the normal operation of the optical cable line, and even cause communication interruption in severe cases, but also reduce the service life of the optical cable.
  • a layer of steel-plastic composite tape armor with a certain thickness is often added between the jackets of the aerial optical cable to protect the cable core from damage and protect the optical fiber from being damaged. Damaged, and to achieve the role of preventing rodents and birds pecking.
  • the overhead optical cable of the above structure itself is heavy; in addition, because the overhead optical cable is mostly laid in the field and there are many thunderstorms in the field, the overhead optical cable is easily damaged by lightning.
  • An overhead optical cable including:
  • a middle protective layer which is wrapped around the aramid wrapping layer
  • the armor layer is wrapped around the water blocking layer; the armor layer is composed of flat FRP;
  • the above-mentioned overhead optical cable adopts a three-layer sheath structure, which can meet the erection strength of medium and large spans; at the same time, a flat FRP armor layer is added to form a non-metallic protective layer with sufficient strength, which can meet the anti-rat, anti-pecking and lightning protection. Requirements; in addition, the above-mentioned overhead optical cable is lighter than the steel-plastic composite tape armor layer.
  • the thickness of the inner sheath is 0.8mm-1.2mm; the thickness of the middle sheath is 0.6mm-1.0mm.
  • the flat FRP has a width of 2.4mm-3.6mm and a thickness of 0.8mm-1.4mm.
  • the overhead optical cable further includes a binding yarn for bundling the flat FRP.
  • the aramid fiber in the aramid winding cladding is wound in a forward and reverse direction by a twisted cage.
  • the flat FRP is coated with a repellent layer.
  • the outer protective layer contains a repellent.
  • the color of the outer protective layer is a warning color.
  • the cable core includes a plurality of loose tubes twisted with each other; the loose tube is provided with optical fibers, and the loose tube is also filled with a first dry water blocking material.
  • the cable core is filled with a second dry water blocking material.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an aerial optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an overhead optical cable includes a cable core, an inner sheath 10 wrapped around the cable core, an aramid wound sheath 11 wrapped around the inner sheath 10, and a sheath
  • the middle protective layer 12 outside the nylon wrapping layer 11, the water blocking layer 4 wrapped around the middle protective layer 12, the armor layer 3 wrapped around the water blocking layer 4, and the outer layer wrapped around the armor layer 3 Outer sheath 2.
  • the armor layer is composed of flat FRP.
  • the cable core is the core component of the overhead optical cable.
  • the cable core includes a plurality of loose tubes 5 twisted with each other; the loose tubes 5 are provided with optical fibers 7 therein.
  • the loose tube 5 is a PBT or PP loose tube.
  • the first dry water blocking material 6 is filled in the loose tube 5, and the first dry water blocking material 6 may be a dry water blocking yarn or a water blocking tape.
  • the second dry water blocking material 8 is also filled in the cable core. That is, the second dry water blocking material 8 is filled between the inner sheath 10 and the loose tube 5.
  • the second dry type water blocking material 8 may be a water blocking yarn, a high expansion water blocking tape, or the like.
  • dry water-blocking materials can ensure the water leakage requirements of the overhead cable core, and at the same time can make the overhead optical cable itself lighter in weight and more suitable for outdoor overhead laying.
  • the FRP reinforcement 9 is provided in the middle of the cable core, that is, the loose tube 5 or the filler rope surrounds the periphery of the FRP reinforcement 9.
  • the material of the inner sheath 10 can be selected from high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, etc .; the thickness of the inner sheath is preferably 0.8 mm-1.2 mm.
  • the main function of the aramid wrapping layer 11 is to provide an axial tensile strength for the overhead optical cable.
  • the aramid fiber in the aramid wrapping layer 11 is wound in a forward and reverse direction using a twisted cage.
  • Aramid fiber is a kind of man-made synthetic fiber, with super high strength, high modulus and high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, light weight and other excellent properties, its strength is 5 to 6 times that of steel wire, the modulus of steel wire or glass fiber 2 to 3 times, the toughness is twice that of the steel wire, and the weight is only about 1/5 of the steel wire; at a temperature of 560 degrees, it does not decompose or melt.
  • Aramid fiber has good insulation and anti-aging properties, and has a long life cycle; therefore, it can effectively improve the performance of aerial optical cables.
  • Aramid fiber is divided into meta-aramid fiber and para-aramid fiber according to the arrangement of molecular chain. Further preferably, the aramid fiber is para-aramid fiber. This can further improve the performance of overhead optical cables.
  • the aramid fiber uses a water-blocking aramid fiber, which can further improve the water-blocking performance.
  • at least two or more twisted cages are wrapped around the inner sheath 10 in forward and reverse directions.
  • the aramid fiber is controlled by the wrapping machine, and the winding pitch is controlled by 400 ⁇ 800mm.
  • the material of the middle protective layer 12 may be selected from high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, and the like.
  • the thickness of the middle sheath 12 is 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the water barrier layer 4 is wrapped around the middle protective layer 12.
  • the water blocking zone in the water blocking zone layer 4 can be a high expansion water blocking zone.
  • the armor layer 3 is wrapped around the water barrier layer 4, and the armor layer is formed by flat FRP wrapping.
  • the flat FRP is used.
  • the fiberglass spurs of the FRP can puncture the mouth of the biting animal, thereby preventing the animal from further biting the overhead optical cable, thereby effectively protecting the overhead optical cable.
  • Flat FRP has superior properties such as light weight and high modulus, which can help to reduce the weight of overhead optical cables and increase the modulus of overhead optical cables.
  • Flat FRP has a certain tensile strength, which is also conducive to improving the tensile properties of aerial optical cables.
  • the flat FRP has a width of 2.4 mm-3.6 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm-1.4 mm.
  • the overhead optical cable further includes a binding yarn for bundling the flat FRP.
  • the yarn binding can also partially absorb the steering force generated by the flat FRP wrapping.
  • one or more high-strength water-blocking yarns are used for bundling outside the armor layer 3.
  • the outer sheath 2 is the outermost layer of the aerial optical cable.
  • the outer sheath 2 is generally formed by extrusion molding.
  • the material of the outer sheath 2 is selected from high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, tracking resistant polyolefin, and the like.
  • a repellent layer is coated on the flat FRP.
  • the repellent may be spicy taste and the like. In this way, when the animal is close to the overhead optical cable, or when biting the overhead optical cable, the smell or taste released by the repellent, and the animal feels uncomfortable, so that the animal is away from the overhead optical cable, thereby preventing the animal from biting the overhead optical cable, so the overhead optical cable can be further strengthened Protection capability.
  • a certain proportion of repellent is added to the material of the outer sheath 2.
  • the repellent can choose spicy taste and so on. In this way, when the animal is close to the overhead optical cable, or when biting the overhead optical cable, the smell or taste released by the repellent, and the animal feels uncomfortable, so that the animal is far away from the overhead optical cable, thereby preventing the animal from biting the overhead optical cable, so the overhead optical cable can be further enhanced Protection ability.
  • the color of the outer sheath is a warning color.
  • Alert colors include red, orange, etc.
  • the outer sheath is red, orange and other warning colors, it makes birds such as woodpeckers see the overhead optical cable with fear, so as to stay away from the overhead optical cable, thereby preventing birds from biting the overhead optical cable, so it can further enhance the protective ability of the overhead optical cable.
  • a tearing rope of polyester or other materials is provided under the outer protective layer 2 to facilitate the peeling of the outer protective layer.
  • the tearing rope may not be provided.
  • the above-mentioned overhead optical cable adopts a three-layer sheath structure, which can meet the erection strength of medium and large spans; at the same time, a flat FRP armor layer is added to form a non-metallic protective layer with sufficient strength, which can meet the anti-rat, anti-pecking and lightning protection
  • the above-mentioned overhead optical cable is lighter in weight than the steel-plastic composite tape armor layer.
  • the above-mentioned overhead optical cable has the advantages of easy installation, construction and maintenance. It not only satisfies the mechanical performance and environmental performance of the overhead optical cable, but also improves the operability and application scope of the overhead optical cable.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Abstract

一种架空光缆，其包括缆芯、包覆于缆芯外的内护层(10)、绕包于内护层(10)外的芳纶绕包层(11)、包覆于芳纶绕包层(11)外的中护层(12)、包裹于中护层(12)外的阻水带层(4)、包裹于阻水带层(4)外的铠装层(3)、以及包覆于铠装层(3)外的外护层(2)。其中，铠装层(3)由扁状FRP组成。架空光缆采用三层护层结构，可以满足中大跨距的架设强度；同时加入扁状FRP的铠装层(3)，形成足够强度的非金属防护层，可以满足防鼠防鸟啄和防雷击的要求；另外，架空光缆相对于采用钢塑复合带铠装层，具有重量轻、全介质、易于安装、施工维护等优点。

Description

架空光缆 技术领域
本发明涉及光缆技术领域，特别是涉及一种架空光缆。
背景技术
由于光缆通信具有速度快、传输质量好等优点，光缆通信的应用越来越广泛，人类信息传递也越来越离不开光缆。
目前，光缆的常见敷设方式主要有架空、直埋、管道等方式。其中，架空方式多适用于野外山地区域、河流区域、林地等。采用架空方式敷设的架空光缆根据不同敷设环境需要跨越长距离杆塔进行架设(一般涉及800m以上跨距)，由于其多为露天架设，因此就为鸟类、鼠类提供了很好的休息地，使之成为其啃咬的对象，这不仅会影响光缆线路的正常运行，严重时甚至导致通信中断，同时也降低了光缆的使用寿命。传统地，为了防止各种生物对架空光缆带来外力破坏，多在架空光缆的护套间加入一层一定厚度的钢塑复合带铠装，以此保护缆芯不受伤害，保护光纤不被损坏，而达到防鼠防鸟啄的作用。
但是，上述结构的架空光缆本身重量较重；另外，由于架空光缆多敷设于野外，野外多雷雨天气，此架空光缆容易受到雷电的破坏。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种新的架空光缆。
一种架空光缆，包括：
缆芯；
内护层，包覆于所述缆芯外；
芳纶绕包层，绕包于所述内护层外；
中护层，包覆于所述芳纶绕包层外；
阻水带层，包裹于所述中护层外；
铠装层，包裹于所述阻水带层外；所述铠装层由扁状FRP组成；
以及外护层，包覆于所述铠装层外。
上述架空光缆，采用三层护层结构，可以满足中大跨距的架设强度；同时加入扁状FRP的铠装层，形成足够强度的非金属防护层，可以满足防鼠防鸟啄和防雷击的要求；另外，上述架空光缆，相对于采用钢塑复合带铠装层，重量较轻。
其中，所述内护层的厚度0.8mm-1.2mm；所述中护层的厚度为0.6mm-1.0mm。
其中，所述扁状FRP的宽度2.4mm-3.6mm，厚度为0.8mm-1.4mm。
其中，所述架空光缆还包括用于捆扎所述扁状FRP的扎纱。
其中，所述芳纶绕包层中的芳纶纤维采用绞笼正反向缠绕。
其中，所述扁状FRP外涂覆有驱避剂层。
其中，所述外护层中含有驱避剂。
其中，所述外护层的颜色为警戒色。
其中，所述缆芯包括若干相互绞合的松套管；所述松套管内设有光纤，所述松套管内还填充有第一干式阻水物。
其中，所述缆芯内填充有第二干式阻水物。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一实施方式的架空光缆的截面示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
参见图1，本发明的一实施方式的架空光缆，包括缆芯、包覆于缆芯外的内护层10、绕包于内护层10外的芳纶绕包层11、包覆于芳纶绕包层11外的中护层12、包裹于中护层12外的阻水带层4、包裹于阻水带层4外的铠装层3、以及包覆于铠装层3外的外护层2。其中，铠装层由扁状FRP组成。
其中，缆芯是架空光缆的核心部件。具体的，缆芯包括若干相互绞合的松套管5；松套管5内设有光纤7。优选地，松套管5为PBT或PP松套管。
为了固定光纤，在松套管5内填充第一干式阻水物6，第一干式阻水物6可以是干式阻水纱或阻水带。
为了进一步提高防水性能，在缆芯内还填充有第二干式阻水物8。也就是说，在内护套10与松套管5之间填充有第二干式阻水物8。第二干式阻水物8可以是阻水纱和高膨胀阻水带等。
采用干式阻水物可保证架空缆芯渗水要求，同时可使得架空光缆的自身重量更轻，更适用于室外架空敷设。
在存在填充绳的情况下，松套管5和填充绳绞合在一起。若没有填充绳的情况下，松套管5绞合在一起，如图1所示。
为了进一步提高架空光缆的性能，在本实施例中，在缆芯的中间位置设置有FRP加强件9，也就是说，松套管5或填充绳围绕在FRP加强件9的外围。
其中，内护层10的材料可以选自高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯等；内护层的厚度优选为0.8mm-1.2mm。
其中，芳纶绕包层11的主要作用是，为架空光缆提供轴向的抗拉强度。在本实施方式中，芳纶绕包层11中的芳纶纤维采用绞笼正反向缠绕。
芳纶纤维是一种人造合成纤维，具有超高强度、高模量和耐高温、耐酸耐碱、重量轻等优良性能，其强度是钢丝的5～6倍，模量为钢丝或玻璃纤维的2～3倍，韧性是钢丝的2倍，而重量仅为钢丝的1/5左右；在560度的温度下，不分解，不融化。芳纶纤维具有良好的绝 缘性和抗老化性能，具有很长的生命周期；故而可以有效提高架空光缆的性能。
芳纶纤维其按分子链的排布不同又分为间位芳纶纤维和对位芳纶纤维。进一步优选地，芳纶纤维采用对位芳纶纤维。这样可以进一步提高架空光缆的性能。
在一优选实施例中，芳纶纤维采用阻水型芳纶，这样可以进一步提高阻水性能。在一具体实施例中，至少采用两个及以上绞笼正反向缠绕包覆于内护层10外。芳纶纤维采用绕包机联动绕包控制，绕包节距控制400～800mm。
其中，中护层12的材料可以选自高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯等。中护层12的厚度为0.6mm-1.0mm。
其中，阻水带层4包裹于中护层12外。阻水带层4中的阻水带可以采用高膨胀阻水带。
其中，铠装层3包裹于阻水带层4外，铠装层由扁状FRP绕包形成。
采用扁平FRP，当动物啃咬时，FRP的玻璃纤维刺，可以刺伤啃咬动物的口腔，从而防止动物进一步啃咬架空光缆，从而有效对架空光缆进行防护。
扁平FRP具有质量轻、模量高等优越性能，从而可以有利于降低架空光缆的重量、提高架空光缆的模量。扁平FRP具有一定的拉伸强度，从而也有利于提高架空光缆的拉伸性能。
优选地，扁状FRP的宽度2.4mm-3.6mm，厚度为0.8mm-1.4mm。
在一优选实施例中，架空光缆还包括用于捆扎扁状FRP的扎纱。这样扎纱也可部分吸收掉扁状FRP绕包产生的转向力。在一具体实施例中，铠装层3外采用一根或多根高强度阻水扎纱进行捆扎。
其中，外护层2是架空光缆的最外层。外护层2一般通过挤塑形成。外护层2的材料选自高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、耐电痕聚烯烃等。
为了进一步提高架空光缆的防护能力，在一具体实施例中，在扁状FRP外涂覆有驱避剂层。驱避剂可以为辣味素等。这样这样当动物靠近架空光缆时、或啃咬架空光缆时，驱避剂释放出的气味或味道，另动物感到不适，从而远离架空光缆，进而防止动物啃咬架空光缆，故而可以进一步增强架空光缆的防护能力。
在另一具体实施例中，在外护层2的材料中加入一定比例的驱避剂。同样地，驱避剂可以选择辣味素等。这样当动物靠近架空光缆时、或啃咬架空光缆时，驱避剂释放出的气味或味道，另动物感到不适，从而远离架空光缆，进而防止动物啃咬架空光缆，故而可以进一步增强架空光缆的防护能力。
在又一具体实施例中，外护层的颜色为警戒色。警戒色包括红色、橙色等。当外护套呈红色、橙色等警戒色时，使啄木鸟等鸟类看到架空光缆具有畏惧心理，从而远离架空光缆，进而防止鸟类啃咬架空光缆，故而可以进一步增强架空光缆的防护能力。
上述三种方式，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况的不同，选择采用一种或任意两种组合、亦或三种方式均采用。
在一具体实施例中，在外护层2下设置一股聚酯或其他材质的撕裂绳，这样便于外护层的开剥。当然，可以理解的是，也可以不设置撕裂绳。
上述架空光缆，采用三层护层结构，可以满足中大跨距的架设强度；同时加入扁状FRP的铠装层，形成足够强度的非金属防护层，可以满足防鼠防鸟啄和防雷击的要求；另外， 上述架空光缆，相对于采用钢塑复合带铠装层，重量较轻。
上述架空光缆，具有易于安装、施工维护等优点。既满足了架空光缆机械性能和环境性能，又提高了架空光缆操作性和应用范围。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种架空光缆，其特征在于，包括：
    缆芯；
    内护层，包覆于所述缆芯外；
    芳纶绕包层，绕包于所述内护层外；
    中护层，包覆于所述芳纶绕包层外；
    阻水带层，包裹于所述中护层外；
    铠装层，包裹于所述阻水带层外；所述铠装层由扁状FRP组成；
    以及外护层，包覆于所述铠装层外。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述内护层的厚度0.8mm-1.2mm；所述中护层的厚度为0.6mm-1.0mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述扁状FRP的宽度2.4mm-3.6mm，厚度为0.8mm-1.4mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述架空光缆还包括用于捆扎所述扁状FRP的扎纱。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述芳纶绕包层中的芳纶纤维采用绞笼正反向缠绕。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述扁状FRP外涂覆有驱避剂层。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述外护层中含有驱避剂。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述外护层的颜色为警戒色。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述缆芯包括若干相互绞合的松套管；所述松套管内设有光纤，所述松套管内还填充有第一干式阻水物。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的架空光缆，其特征在于，所述缆芯内填充有第二干式阻水物。
PCT/CN2019/104906 2018-10-24 2019-09-09 架空光缆 WO2020082918A1 (zh)

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