WO2020082652A1

WO2020082652A1 - Wind turbine blade deicing system and control method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2020082652A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/076233
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨文涛; 周俊杰; 严煜坤; 廖志勇; 谢明亮; 黎缘
Original assignee: 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2018-10-23
Filing date: 2019-02-27
Publication date: 2020-04-30
Also published as: CN109281807A; CN109281807B

Abstract

A wind turbine blade deicing system and a control method therefor. The wind turbine blade deicing system comprises temperature sensors, a control component, and deicing components; a temperature sensor is arranged in each blade; a deicing component is arranged in each blade; the control component receives signals from the temperature sensors and can separately control the deicing component in each blade. The control method comprises a time-sharing cycle control method and a time-sharing area-based control method for blade heating, and a limit temperature protection strategy for blades. The system and the control method therefor can reduce the instantaneous electric power during blade heating, reduce the design requirements for a slip ring, and improve the deicing efficiency.

Description

Wind turbine blade de-icing system and control method thereof

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind power blade de-icing system and a control method thereof

[0002] BACKGROUND

[0003] Wind power generation is a wind power method that converts the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy. In places where the air temperature decreases or the humidity is high, the fan blades often have frost and ice. When the blades freeze a lot, the efficiency of the fan will be reduced, and the output power of the unit will be reduced, which will affect the operation safety of the power grid system. Therefore, it is of great significance to the stable operation of the fan power generation system to be able to effectively detect the icing of the fan blades in time and de-icing in time.

[0004] At present, the current active de-icing technology of wind power blades is mainly divided into technical approaches such as gas heating, electric heating and gas-electricity combination. However, the current active deicing technology has the problems of large instantaneous power consumption, high design redundancy requirements for the pitch slip ring, blade deicing efficiency is relatively low, and blade heating protection cannot be achieved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings in the prior art, and provides a wind turbine blade de-icing system and its control method. The wind turbine blade de-icing system and its control method can not only reduce the instantaneous power consumption of the blade when the blade is heated, reduce the power demand of the blade slip ring, but also can improve the de-icing efficiency of the blade and realize the heating protection of the blade.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solutions adopted by the present invention are summarized as follows:

[0008] A wind power blade de-icing system, including a temperature sensor, a control component and a de-icing component, characterized in that

A temperature sensor is arranged in each blade, and a de-icing component is arranged in each blade. The control component receives the signal of the temperature sensor and can independently control the de-icing component in each blade.

[0009] Further, the de-icing assembly is a gas-heating de-icing assembly, the gas-heating de-icing assembly includes a heater, a blast device, a pipe and a shunt pipe, the pipes are respectively disposed at the leading edge and the rear of the blade In the rim, the heater setting and the air blowing device are respectively arranged in the blade cavity, the shunt pipe is a three-way shunt pipe, the shunt pipe is respectively connected with the pipe in the leading edge and the trailing edge, and the outlet of the heater Connected. [0010] Further, the control assembly includes two switching devices 1 disposed inside the shunt pipe, and the switching device 1 may separately control two of the pipes in the leading edge and the trailing edge On and off.

[0011] Further, the de-icing assembly is an electric heating de-icing assembly, the electric heating de-icing assembly includes a plurality of electric heating elements, the plurality of electric heating elements are sequentially arranged along the blade length direction on the leading edge of the blade and / or On the trailing edge.

[0012] Further, the control assembly includes a plurality of switching devices II, and the plurality of electrical switching devices II may individually control the plurality of electric heating elements.

[0013] Further, the plurality of electrical switching devices are arranged on the surface and / or inside the leading edge and / or trailing edge of the blade

[0014] Further, the de-icing assembly is a gas-electric combined heating de-icing assembly, the gas-heating de-icing assembly includes a heater, a blast device, a pipe and a shunt pipe, the pipes are respectively provided at the leading edges of the blades And the trailing edge, the heater setting and the air blowing device are respectively disposed in the inner cavity of the blade, the splitting pipe is a three-way splitting pipe, and the splitting pipe is respectively connected with the pipes in the leading edge and the trailing edge and the heater Is connected to the outlet, the electrothermal deicing assembly includes a plurality of electrical heating elements, the plurality of electrical heating elements are sequentially disposed on the leading edge and / or trailing edge of the blade along the length of the blade, and the control assembly includes setting the split Two switching devices I inside the pipeline and a plurality of electrical switching devices II arranged on the surface and / or inside of the leading edge and / or trailing edge of the blade, the switching device I can separately control the leading edge and the trailing edge The electrical switching device II can separately control the plurality of electrical heating elements when the two of the pipes in the rim are turned on and off.

[0015] Further, the temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the heater and the pipe, and / or the temperature sensor is arranged in the middle area of the plurality of electric heating elements.

[0016] A de-icing control method using the above-mentioned wind power blade de-icing system is characterized in that it includes the following steps

[0017] Step 1. According to the monitored blade ice coating situation, when the blade needs to be deiced, first start a deicing assembly in the blade;

[0018] Step 2. Compare the heating temperature and heating duration on the blade detected by the temperature sensor with the preset temperature and duration to determine whether the heating is completed; if it is determined that the heating is completed, turn off the deicing device in the blade ;

[0019] Step 3. Start the de-icing assembly in another blade, and repeat step 2;

[0020] Step 4. Repeat steps 1-3 until all blades have been de-iced. [0021] Further, when the de-icing assembly in step 1 is a gas-heating de-icing assembly, the two pipes located in the leading edge of the blade and the trailing edge of the blade are controlled by the shunt pipe and the two switching devices 1 to heat the front of the blade separately One of the rim or trailing edge of the blade.

[0022] Further, when the de-icing assembly in step 1 is an electro-thermal de-icing assembly, a plurality of electrical heating elements are respectively controlled by a plurality of electrical switching devices 111.

[0023] Further, when the de-icing assembly in step 1 is a gas-electric combined heating de-icing assembly, the two pipes located in the leading edge of the blade and the trailing edge of the blade are controlled by a shunt pipe and two switching devices 1 to be heated separately One of the leading edge of the blade or the trailing edge of the blade can individually control one of the plurality of electric heating elements through the plurality of electrical switching devices II.

[0024] Further, the preset temperature in the step 2 includes a preset safety temperature and a preset limit temperature; when it is determined that the heating is completed and the heating is stopped, the heating element enters a cooling period, the heating element It cannot be started again during the cooling period, and the cooling period ends when the temperature of the heating element cools to a preset safe temperature.

[0025] Further, when the heating temperature of the heating element exceeds a preset limit temperature, the heating element stops heating.

[0026] The beneficial technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0027] According to the present invention, each blade is provided with a separately controllable de-icing component, and the blades are separately heated when the blades are de-iced to reduce the instantaneous electrical power when the blades are heated, and to reduce the slip ring Power requirement

[0028] The present invention solves the problem of simultaneous heating of the front and rear edges of the blades requires a high-power heating device, through the time-zoned heating control method of the front and rear edges, the heating device only heats the front or rear edges of the blades alone, ensuring heating under limited power Deicing effect;

[0029] The present invention solves the problem of the heating and switching of the front and rear edges of the distributed gas-heat deicing blade. By setting a shunt pipe with an automatic switching device, the hot air circulation area can be controlled; it can be based on the actual icing situation Select the main heating area;

[0030] The present invention solves the problem of blade structure failure caused by over-temperature of the blade de-icing system, through the limit temperature protection strategy, to prevent the heating temperature of the blade structure from exceeding the preset limit temperature

[0031] The time-divisional area control method for gas heat and electric heat proposed by the present invention can be flexibly configured and can be applied In the gas-electric combined de-icing system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to obtain the above and other advantages and features of the present invention, the present invention summarized above will be described more specifically below with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings only show typical embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. By using the drawings, the present invention will be described and explained in more detail and in detail. ; In the drawings:

[0034] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the gas-heat deicing system of the present invention;

[0035] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automatic on-off shunt pipe of the present invention;

[0036] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the time-sharing cycle control of the present invention;

[0037] FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the time-division area control of the gas-heat deicing system of the present invention;

[0038] FIG. 5 is an electrothermal de-icing system of the present invention;

[0039] FIG. 6 is a flow chart of time-divisional area control of the electrothermal de-icing system of the present invention.

[0040] In the drawings: 1-shunt pipe, 2-control switch, 3-pipe, 4-trailing edge, 5-leading edge, 6/7-switching device I

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following description is used to disclose the present invention to enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious modifications. Directional terms such as "front", "rear", "left", and "right" in the following description are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0043] The following provides a further detailed description of a wind power composite material blade root embedded connection structure provided by the present invention with reference to the drawings:

[0044] As shown in FIGS. 1-6, the wind turbine blade de-icing system of the present invention includes a temperature sensor, a control component and a de-icing component. The temperature sensor is arranged in each blade, and each de-icing component is arranged in each blade The control assembly receives the signal from the temperature sensor and can individually control the de-icing assembly in each blade.

[0045] The de-icing assembly is a gas-heating de-icing assembly, the gas-heating de-icing assembly includes a heater, a blast device, a pipe 3 and a shunt pipe 1, the pipe 3 is provided on the leading edge of the blade 5 and In the trailing edge 4, the heater setting and the air blowing device are respectively arranged in the inner cavity of the blade, and the shunt pipe 1 is a three-way shunt pipe. The split duct 1 communicates with the duct 3 in the leading edge 5 and trailing edge 4 and the outlet of the heater, respectively.

[0046] The control assembly includes two switching devices 16/7 disposed inside the shunt pipe 1, the switching device 1 may separately control two of the leading edge 5 and the trailing edge 4 Pipeline 3 on and off.

[0047] The de-icing assembly is an electric heating de-icing assembly, the electric heating de-icing assembly includes a plurality of electric heating elements, the plurality of electric heating elements are sequentially arranged along the blade length direction of the blade leading edge 5 and / or trailing edge 4 on.

[0048] The control assembly includes a plurality of switching devices II, and the plurality of electrical switching devices II may individually control the plurality of electric heating elements.

[0049] The plurality of electrical switching devices are arranged on the surface and / or inside of the leading edge 5 and / or trailing edge 4 of the blade.

[0050] The de-icing assembly is a gas-electric combined heating de-icing assembly. The gas-heating de-icing assembly includes a heater, a blast device, a pipe 3, and a shunt pipe 1. The pipe 3 is respectively provided at the leading edge of the blade 5 and the trailing edge 4, the heater setting and the air blowing device are respectively disposed in the inner cavity of the blade, the shunt pipe 1 is a three-way shunt pipe, and the shunt pipe 1 is respectively connected with the leading edge 5 and the trailing edge 4 The duct 3 in the middle and the outlet of the heater are in communication. The electric de-icing assembly includes a plurality of electric heating elements, which are sequentially arranged on the leading edge 5 and / or trailing edge 4 of the blade along the length of the blade. The control assembly includes two switching devices 16/7 disposed inside the shunt pipe 1 and a plurality of electrical switching devices II arranged on the surface and / or inside of the leading edge 5 and / or trailing edge 4 of the blade, the switch The device 16/7 may separately control the on and off of the two pipes 3 in the leading edge 5 and the trailing edge 4, and the electrical switching device II may separately control the plurality of electric heating elements.

[0051] The temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the heater and the pipe 3, and / or the temperature sensor is arranged in the middle area of the plurality of electric heating elements.

[0052] As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the two ducts 3 in the leading edge 5 and trailing edge 4 of the blade are respectively led out from the outlet of the blade root heating device into a tee-shaped diverting duct 1 to the inner cavity of the middle section of the blade, in particular The three-way shunt pipe 1 is provided with a control device 2, the control device 2 includes two switching devices 16/7 that can be automatically turned on and off and can be individually controlled, and can separately control the flow of hot air to the leading edge area or trailing edge area .

[0053] The air-heat or electric-heat wind turbine blade deicing technology described in the present invention is to install a heating device or a heating element on the inner cavity or outer surface of the blade. The de-icing technology of air-heated wind turbine blades is to install a heating device and a blower device in the inner cavity of the blade, heat the air in the inner cavity, and send the hot air into the front section of the inner cavity through the blower device, so as to achieve the effect of melting the surface of the blade from the internal heating ; Electric wind turbine blade de-icing technology is to set a conductive heating element on the outer surface or inner surface of the blade or the middle of the shell, and generate heat after being energized to achieve the effect of melting the ice on the surface of the blade. Air-heating or electro-thermal deicing techniques are all converted into electrical energy to achieve deicing, and all use electrical devices. The special time-sharing control strategy of the present invention requires that the heating device or heating element of each blade can be independently controlled.

[0054] The time-sharing control strategy of the present invention includes a time-sharing loop control strategy and a time-sharing division control strategy, and the two control strategies can be jointly applied.

[0055] At present, wind turbines mostly adopt a three-blade structure, and each blade includes a set of de-icing systems. The electrical energy of the de-icing system must be connected to the blades from the outside through a pitch slip ring. Assuming that the power of the single blade de-icing system is X kW, the power requirement of the three blades to start the heating device at the same time is 3X kW. In order to meet the heating power demand, the power loop of the slip ring should be designed with power redundancy to increase the current capacity However, high-power loops are only needed during winter de-icing, resulting in great design redundancy.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 3, the three blades implement a time-sharing cycle control strategy, and only a single blade heating device is activated at the same time. When the blade needs to start the de-icing system, first turn on the heating device of the first de-icing system, set the heating completion judgment condition according to the monitored temperature and heating duration, turn off the heating device after heating is completed, and start the second de-icing system The heating device of the same, when the heating completion condition is reached, turn off the heating device, turn on the heating device of the third deicing system, and turn off the heating device after the heating is completed, to determine whether the deicing is completed, so far is a cycle, cycle control is realized Heat all blades under X kW conditions. In particular, the heating sequence of each de-icing system is not fixed, and the set temperature and time are used as the judgment conditions, and the blades for heating are preferentially selected.

[0057] The thickness and area of the icing on the surface of the blade are different. In view of the serious icing on the surface of the blade, the different areas of the blade are heated and deiced differentially. A partial time-divisional area control method in the blade is proposed. Different control schemes are proposed for gas heating and electric heating deicing technology.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 1, the air-heat deicing system divides the heating area of the blade into the leading edge 5 of the inner cavity and the trailing edge 4 of the inner cavity. The special hot air three-way shunt pipe 1 is a pipe that can be automatically opened and closed. When starting the de-icing system, only the leading edge 5 or trailing edge 4 is heated separately. According to the monitored temperature and heating time, the heating completion judgment condition is set, and when the conditions are met, the leading edge 5 or trailing edge 4 is heated in another area.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 5, the electric heating deicing system divides the blade heating area into n segments of heating elements, and numbers 1 to _n for each segment of the heating element. In particular, each segment of the heating element can independently control heating. When starting the deicing system, according to the icing conditions in different areas of the blade surface, the heating elements that need to be started are listed as an array x0, Energize the heating elements contained in xO, and set the heating completion conditions according to the monitored temperature and heating duration. When the conditions are met, the xO section stops heating, and then re-determines the heating area, which is listed as an array xl. For heating in xl The components are heated with electricity, which is a cycle, and the cycle is controlled until the de-icing system stops. The heating element in the special xO section enters the cooling period after the heating stops. The heating element in the cooling period cannot start heating. The safe temperature judgment conditions are set according to the monitored temperature. The heating element f in the xO section ends after the safe temperature. Cooling period.

[0060] The glass fiber reinforced plastic structure of the blade has the characteristics of being not resistant to high temperature, and the temperature of the heating device during the heating process may exceed the maximum temperature of the glass fiber reinforced plastic, resulting in structural failure. In order to protect the blade body structure, an automatic multi-object temperature protection strategy based on PID algorithm is proposed. For a multi-object heating system, such as the number of heating elements included in the aforementioned array xO, the temperature protection strategy implements a PID algorithm for the heating process of each heating element, so that the temperature of the heating element approaches the set value to achieve constant temperature heating. After constant, set the heating time to ensure the time required to melt ice. When the set time is reached, stop the heating. The heating element enters the cooling period. The cooling time is not fixed. The safety temperature is set as the standard. The temperature of the heating element is less than The cooling period ends when the temperature is safe. In particular, the temperature limit value is set. When the heating element exceeds the temperature limit value, the power is forcibly turned off to stop the heating. The temperature protection strategy of each heating element operates independently and does not interfere with each other.

[0061] The temperature difference in different areas of the blade de-icing system is very large, so selecting the appropriate temperature monitoring point has an important impact on the effectiveness and accuracy of the control method. For the air-heat deicing system, two temperature monitoring points are set in each blade, the temperature of the heating device and the temperature of the outlet of the hot air circulation pipe. For the electric heating de-icing system, set a temperature monitoring point in the central area of each heating element.

[0062] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, Ren Shi familiar with the technical field of the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to The technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, which are equivalently replaced or changed, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Summary of the invention

technical problem

Solution to the problem

Beneficial effects of invention

Claims

[Claim 1] A wind turbine blade de-icing system, including a temperature sensor, a control component and a de-icing component, characterized in that the temperature sensor is arranged in each blade, and each de-icing component and control component are arranged in each blade Receives the temperature sensor signal and can independently control the de-icing assembly in each blade.

[Claim 2] A wind turbine blade de-icing system according to claim 1, wherein the de-icing component is an air-heat de-icing component, and the air-heating de-icing component includes a heater and a blast device , A pipe (3) and a shunt pipe (1), the pipe (3) is respectively arranged in the leading edge (5) and the trailing edge (4) of the blade, the heater setting and the blowing device are respectively arranged in the blade Cavity, the shunt pipe (1) is a three-way shunt pipe, and the shunt pipe (1) communicates with the pipe (3) in the leading edge ( ₅ ) and the trailing edge (4) and the outlet of the heater, respectively.

[Claim 3] A wind turbine blade de-icing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the control assembly includes two switching devices I (6/7) provided inside the shunt pipe (1), The switching device 1 can separately control the on-off of the two pipes (3) in the leading edge (5) and the trailing edge (4).

[Claim 4] A wind turbine blade de-icing system according to claim 1, wherein the de-icing assembly is an electric heating de-icing assembly, and the electric heating de-icing assembly includes a plurality of electric heating elements, a plurality of The electric heating elements are sequentially arranged on the leading edge (5) and / or trailing edge (4) of the blade along the length of the blade.

[Claim 5] A wind turbine blade de-icing system according to claim 4, wherein the control assembly includes a plurality of electrical switching devices II, and the plurality of electrical switching devices II can individually control the Multiple electric heating elements.

[Claim 6] A wind turbine blade de-icing system according to claim 4, characterized in that the plurality of electrical switching devices are arranged on the surface of the blade leading edge (5) and / or trailing edge (4) and / Or internally.

[Claim 7] The wind power blade de-icing system according to claim 1, wherein the de-icing component is a gas-electric combined heating de-icing component, and the gas-heating de-icing component includes a heater and a drum Wind device, pipe (3) and diverter pipe (1), the pipe (3) are respectively installed in the leaf In the leading edge (5) and trailing edge (4) of the sheet, the heater setting and the air blowing device are respectively arranged in the inner cavity of the blade, and the shunt pipe (1) is a three-way shunt pipe, (1) Communicate with the duct (3) in the leading edge (5) and the trailing edge (4) and the outlet of the heater, respectively, the electrothermal de-icing assembly includes a plurality of electrical heating elements, a plurality of The length direction of the blade is sequentially arranged on the leading edge (5) and / or trailing edge (4) of the blade, and the control assembly includes two switching devices I (6/7) arranged inside the diverting duct (1) and arranged at A plurality of electrical switching devices II on the surface and / or inside of the leading edge (5) and / or trailing edge (4) of the blade, the switching device I (6/7) can separately control the leading edge (5) and The electrical switching device II can separately control the plurality of electrical heating elements when the two pipelines (3) in the trailing edge (4) are connected and disconnected.

[Claim 8] A wind turbine blade de-icing system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature sensor is arranged at the outlet of the heater and the pipe (3), and / or, the temperature The sensor is arranged in the middle area of the plurality of electric heating elements.

[Claim 9] A deicing control method using the wind turbine blade deicing system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step 1. According to the monitored blade ice coating, when the blade needs to be deiced, first start the deicing component in a blade;

Step 2. Compare the heating temperature and heating duration on the blade detected by the temperature sensor with the preset temperature and duration to judge whether the heating is completed; if it is judged that the heating is completed, turn off the de-icing device in the blade;

Step 3. Start the de-icing assembly in another blade and repeat step 2;

Step 4. Repeat steps 1-3 until all blades have been de-iced.

[Claim 10] The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the de-icing component in step 1 is a gas-heat de-icing component, which is controlled by a shunt pipe (1) and two switching devices I (6/7) The two ducts (3) located in the leading edge of the blade (5) and the trailing edge of the blade (4) heat one of the leading edge of the blade (5) or the trailing edge of the blade (4) separately.

[Claim 11] The method according to claim 9, wherein the de-icing component in step 1 is an electric de-icing component, and a plurality of electric heating elements are controlled by a plurality of electrical switching devices II, respectively.

[Claim 12] The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the de-icing assembly in step 1 is a gas-electric combined heating de-icing assembly, which is controlled by a shunt pipe (1) and two switching devices I 6/7 Two ducts (3) located in the leading edge of the blade (5) and the trailing edge of the blade (4), heating one of the leading edge of the blade (5) or the trailing edge of the blade (4) separately, through multiple electrical switching devices II respectively Control multiple electric heating elements.

[Claim 13] The method according to any one of claims 9-12, characterized in that the step

The preset temperature in 2 includes a preset safety temperature and a preset limit temperature; when it is judged that the heating is completed and the heating is stopped, the heating element enters the cooling period, and the heating element cannot be restarted during the cooling period, The cooling period ends when the temperature of the heating element cools to a preset safe temperature.

[Claim 14] The method according to claim 13, wherein the heating element stops heating when the heating temperature of the heating element exceeds a preset limit temperature.