WO2020079306A1 - Multilayer cranial support - Google Patents

Multilayer cranial support Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020079306A1
WO2020079306A1 PCT/ES2019/070708 ES2019070708W WO2020079306A1 WO 2020079306 A1 WO2020079306 A1 WO 2020079306A1 ES 2019070708 W ES2019070708 W ES 2019070708W WO 2020079306 A1 WO2020079306 A1 WO 2020079306A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support
pad
base
patient
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2019/070708
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrés Victoriano DE LA RIVA AGUILAR
Cristóbal José BLANCO ACEVEDO
Manuel GÓMEZ GÁLVEZ
Rafael JIMÉNEZ ORTIZ
Manuel Francisco PORRAS PANTOJO
Juan SOLIVERA VELA
Original Assignee
Servicio Andaluz De Salud
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Servicio Andaluz De Salud filed Critical Servicio Andaluz De Salud
Priority to EP19874057.3A priority Critical patent/EP3868349A4/en
Publication of WO2020079306A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020079306A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/065—Rests specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/07—Rests specially adapted therefor for the head or torso, e.g. special back-rests
    • A61G7/072—Rests specially adapted therefor for the head or torso, e.g. special back-rests for the head only
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G9/00—Bed-covers; Counterpanes; Travelling rugs; Sleeping rugs; Sleeping bags; Pillows
    • A47G9/10—Pillows
    • A47G9/1009—Rigid frame constructions

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of care for long-stay patients, such as critically ill patients.
  • the object of the present invention is a multi-layer support for the patient's head specially designed to achieve maximum comfort in order to avoid the appearance of bedsores.
  • Bedsores, or pressure ulcers have become a frequent problem in patients with reduced mobility, such as patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy, patients with long periods of intubation or sedation, patients with hemodynamic instability, or patients with neurological pathologies where Body mobilization is continuously compromised. Sores develop due to a constant increase in pressure on the skin and the tissues exposed to the overload. The pathophysiological mechanisms that cause them are mainly due to the lack of irrigation of the exposed area, which causes the subsequent ischemia and appearance of the ulcerative lesion. Exposure to the exterior of deep tissues then occurs, which implies an important tendency to superinfection.
  • Stage I which involves redness or erythema
  • Stage II which implies the partial loss of the thickness of the skin that affects the epidermis, dermis or both
  • Stage III which involves total loss of skin thickness and injury or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue
  • Stage IV which involves total loss of skin thickness with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis that can lead to injury to the muscle, tendons, or bone.
  • the present invention solves the above problems thanks to a multilayer cranial support specially designed to avoid bedsores.
  • This support basically comprises two elements joined together: base and pad. Each of them is described below: a) Base
  • the term "orientable” refers to the fact that it allows a certain variation regarding the orientation of its upper side to which the pad is attached in order to adapt the orientation of said pad to different postures of the patient's head.
  • the ability of the base to orient its top side can be achieved in different ways.
  • the base comprises a bag in which a plurality of granules or pearls are housed, which adopt different positions according to the orientation of the pad. It is a support system that lacks the typical elasticity of the cushions, since once the granules settle in a position that corresponds to a certain orientation, said orientation does not change until the base is manipulated again.
  • the granules can be made of expanded polystyrene.
  • the base comprises a rigid plate and a steerable bar structure attached to the pad.
  • the orientation of the upper side of the base is done mechanically by manipulating the bar structure that supports the pad.
  • the underside of the base comprises self-tapping legs to further facilitate orientation adjustments for the patient's head.
  • the anatomical shape is chosen so that it adapts as perfectly as possible to the shape of the nape of the neck and the back of a person's skull.
  • This pad is attached to the upper side of the base and, being adjustable, the orientation of the pad can be varied to suit different postures of the patient's head.
  • the pad can be configured in different ways as long as it is soft and soft enough to allow comfortable support of the patient's head.
  • the pad comprises at least one outer layer of polyurethane, a first intermediate layer of polymeric material, a second intermediate layer of air chamber, and an inner layer of rigid material.
  • the external layer serves to provide comfort to the patient's head and avoid the damaging effect when it comes into contact with another structure directly.
  • the air layer allows to adjust the necessary height between the patient's mattress and his head according to the required position, either in extension, hypertension, flexion and lateral rotations. Furthermore, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the air layer comprises several compartments therein to aid adjustment and directional orientation of the patient's supported head. That is, the air layer is made up of at least two levels of the air chamber. In addition, the air layer serves to avoid direct contact of the patient's head resting on the outer layer with the rigid inner layer, creating an anti-gravitational effect with the aim of reducing injuries from support on an ongoing basis.
  • the support of the invention may comprise an alternative means of filling and emptying the air layer to avoid sustained head support on the same specific point, thus creating an anti-scale effect.
  • the alternative filling and emptying means may be a reciprocating automatic pump or compressor connected to the air layer.
  • the cranial support of the invention solves the problems of the prior art by providing a smooth anatomical support and configurable orientation for the head of a patient.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an example of a cranial support according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a patient with the head resting on an example of a cranial support according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of an example of a cranial support with the base formed by a bag filled with granules.
  • Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an example of a cranial support with the base formed by a rigid plate attached to a bar structure.
  • Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a section of an example of a cranial support showing the different layers of the pad.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a cranial support (1) according to the present invention formed by a base (2) and a pad (3) fixed to the upper side of the base (2).
  • the base (2) in this example has an essentially parallelepipedic shape provided with a flat bottom side for support on the bed or stretcher on which the patient is.
  • the underside of the base (2) has a greater surface area than the rest of the base (2) in order to increase the stability of the support as much as possible.
  • the base (2) is adjustable in the sense that it is possible to modify the orientation of its upper side so that the pad (3) to the patient's posture.
  • the pad (3) is designed with an anatomical shape designed to adapt as perfectly as possible to the area of the neck and back of the patient's head. Furthermore, as will be described in detail later in this document, the pad (3) is formed by a plurality of layers that give it adaptability, compressibility and elasticity properties suitable for supporting the patient's head.
  • Fig. 2 shows a view of a patient with the head resting on the support example (1) of the present invention shown in Fig. 1.
  • a perfect alignment of the spine is achieved, thus minimizing only problems related to skin ailments but also of a muscular-skeletal type.
  • Fig. 3 shows another example of support (1) according to the invention where the base (2) is formed by a bag containing a plurality of granules of expanded polystyrene. It is a system similar to that currently used in the so-called nursing pillows that allows the orientation of the pad (3) to be manually modified, relocating the expanded polystyrene granules according to the particular position.
  • Fig. 4 shows another example of support (1) where the base (2) is formed by a rigid plate (21) on which a steerable structure (22) rests formed by a plurality of bars attached to the pad (3).
  • the bar structure (22) can allow modification of the orientation of the pad (3), for example, by varying the length of the bars through threaded mechanisms.
  • each bar can be attached to the pad (3) through a ball joint, and by means of a mechanism similar to that of a threaded rod, allowing its length to be modified. In this way, lengthening or shortening certain bars achieves reorientation of the pad (3).
  • Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the pad (3) where the different layers that make it up. It is an external layer (31) made of polyurethane, a first intermediate layer (32) made of polymeric material, a second intermediate layer (33) that contains an air chamber, and an internal layer (34) of rigid material. Fig. 5 also shows a cross section of the plate (21), which can be made of low-profile plastic material (for example PVC), acrylic material, titanium, among others. It is important that it be light in weight to facilitate its mobilization, as well as strong enough to prevent the weight of the head from deforming it.
  • low-profile plastic material for example PVC
  • acrylic material for example titanium

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Nursing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

A multilayer cranial support (1) comprising an orientable base (2) configured to be supported on the surface of a bed and a multilayer pillow (3) joined to the base (2), wherein the pillow (3) has an anatomical shape that accommodates the neck of a patient. The aim of the support is to provide maximum comfort and prevent the onset of bedsores and ulcers in the occipital region of the patient.

Description

SOPORTE CRANEAL MULTICAPA  MULTILAYER SKULL SUPPORT
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención pertenece al campo de los cuidados a pacientes de estancia prolongada, como por ejemplo los pacientes en estado crítico. The present invention belongs to the field of care for long-stay patients, such as critically ill patients.
El objeto de la presente invención es un soporte multicapa para la cabeza del paciente diseñado especialmente para conseguir la máxima comodidad con el propósito de evitar la aparición de escaras. The object of the present invention is a multi-layer support for the patient's head specially designed to achieve maximum comfort in order to avoid the appearance of bedsores.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Las escaras, o ulceras por presión, se han convertido en un problema frecuente en los pacientes con movilidad reducida, como por ejemplo pacientes sometidos a craniectomía descompresiva, pacientes con largos periodos de intubación o sedación, pacientes con inestabilidad hemodinámica o pacientes con patologías neurológicas donde se encuentra comprometida la movilización corporal de forma continuada. Las escaras se desarrollan debido a un aumento de presión constante sobre la piel y los tejidos expuestos a la sobrecarga. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que las causan se deben principalmente a la falta irrigación del área expuesta, lo que provoca la subsiguiente isquemia y aparición de la lesión ulcerativa. Se produce entonces la exposición al exterior de tejidos profundos, lo que implica una tendencia importante a la sobreinfección. Bedsores, or pressure ulcers, have become a frequent problem in patients with reduced mobility, such as patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy, patients with long periods of intubation or sedation, patients with hemodynamic instability, or patients with neurological pathologies where Body mobilization is continuously compromised. Sores develop due to a constant increase in pressure on the skin and the tissues exposed to the overload. The pathophysiological mechanisms that cause them are mainly due to the lack of irrigation of the exposed area, which causes the subsequent ischemia and appearance of the ulcerative lesion. Exposure to the exterior of deep tissues then occurs, which implies an important tendency to superinfection.
Se definen cuatro estadios en la aparición de las escaras. Estadio I, que implica enrojecimiento o eritema; Estadio II, que implica la pérdida parcial del grosor de la piel que afecta a la epidermis, dermis o ambas; Estadio III, que implica la pérdida total del grosor de la piel y lesión o necrosis del tejido subcutáneo; y Estadio IV, que implica la pérdida total del grosor de la piel con destrucción extensa, necrosis del tejidos que pueden llegar a lesiones en el músculo, tendones o hueso. Four stages are defined in the appearance of the eschar. Stage I, which involves redness or erythema; Stage II, which implies the partial loss of the thickness of the skin that affects the epidermis, dermis or both; Stage III, which involves total loss of skin thickness and injury or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue; and Stage IV, which involves total loss of skin thickness with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis that can lead to injury to the muscle, tendons, or bone.
Aproximadamente un 10% de las escaras de la población general aparecen en la región occipital del cráneo. Este porcentaje se incrementa de forma considerable en pacientes neurológicos, y en especial en pacientes sometidos a intervenciones neuroquirurgicas en situación de gravedad, como por ejemplo los traumatismos craneoencefálicos severos, que requieren posturas permanentes. Approximately 10% of the eschar of the general population appear in the occipital region of the skull. This percentage increases considerably in neurological patients, and especially in patients undergoing neurosurgical interventions in serious situation, such as severe traumatic brain injuries, which require permanent postures.
Por estos motivos, surge la necesidad de crear un dispositivo sencillo, maleable y de fácil uso que permita reducir de forma significativa la aparición de escaras y ulceraciones en la región occipital del paciente. For these reasons, the need arises to create a simple, malleable and easy-to-use device that allows to significantly reduce the appearance of bedsores and ulcerations in the patient's occipital region.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención resuelve los problemas anteriores gracias a un soporte craneal multicapa diseñado especialmente para evitar las escaras. Este soporte comprende fundamentalmente dos elementos unidos entre sí: base y almohadilla. A continuación, se describe cada uno de ellos: a) Base The present invention solves the above problems thanks to a multilayer cranial support specially designed to avoid bedsores. This support basically comprises two elements joined together: base and pad. Each of them is described below: a) Base
Se trata de una base orientable configurada para apoyarse sobre la superficie de una cama. En este contexto, el término“orientable” hace referencia a que permite una cierta variación en cuanto a la orientación de su lado superior al cual está unida la almohadilla con el propósito adaptar la orientación de dicha almohadilla a diferentes posturas de la cabeza del paciente. La capacidad de la base para orientar su lado superior puede conseguirse de diferentes modos. It is an adjustable base configured to rest on the surface of a bed. In this context, the term "orientable" refers to the fact that it allows a certain variation regarding the orientation of its upper side to which the pad is attached in order to adapt the orientation of said pad to different postures of the patient's head. The ability of the base to orient its top side can be achieved in different ways.
En una realización particularmente preferida de la invención, la base comprende una bolsa en cuyo interior se aloja una pluralidad de gránulos o perlas que adoptan diferentes posiciones según la orientación de la almohadilla. Se trata de un sistema de apoyo que carece de la elasticidad típica de los cojines, ya que una vez los gránulos se asientan en una posición que corresponde a una determinada orientación, dicha orientación no se modifica hasta que se vuelve manipular la base. Se trata de un sistema similar al utilizado en los actuales cojines de lactancia, como se describe por ejemplo en el documento de patente estadounidense US6651282B1. Los gránulos pueden estar hechos de poliestireno expandido. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the base comprises a bag in which a plurality of granules or pearls are housed, which adopt different positions according to the orientation of the pad. It is a support system that lacks the typical elasticity of the cushions, since once the granules settle in a position that corresponds to a certain orientation, said orientation does not change until the base is manipulated again. This is a system similar to that used in current nursing pads, as described for example in US patent document US6651282B1. The granules can be made of expanded polystyrene.
En una realización preferida alternativa a la anterior, la base comprende una placa rígida y una estructura orientable de barras unida a la almohadilla. En este caso, la orientación del lado superior de la base se realiza mediante mecánicamente mediante la manipulación de la estructura de barras que soporta la almohadilla. In a preferred alternative embodiment to the previous one, the base comprises a rigid plate and a steerable bar structure attached to the pad. In this case, the orientation of the upper side of the base is done mechanically by manipulating the bar structure that supports the pad.
En otra realización preferida de la invención compatible con cualquiera de los tipos de base descritos, el lado inferior de la base comprende patas auto-roscables para facilitar aún más los ajustes de orientación para la cabeza del paciente. b) Almohadilla In another preferred embodiment of the invention compatible with any of the types of base described, the underside of the base comprises self-tapping legs to further facilitate orientation adjustments for the patient's head. b) Pad
Se trata de una almohadilla multicapa que tiene una forma anatómica para acomodarse a la nuca de un paciente y que está unida a la base. La forma anatómica se elige de manera que se adapte lo más perfectamente posible a la forma de la nuca y la parte posterior del cráneo de una persona. Esta almohadilla está unida al lado superior de la base y, al ser ésta orientable, puede variarse la orientación de la almohadilla de manera que se adapte a diferentes posturas de la cabeza del paciente. It is a multilayer pad that has an anatomical shape to accommodate the neck of a patient and is attached to the base. The anatomical shape is chosen so that it adapts as perfectly as possible to the shape of the nape of the neck and the back of a person's skull. This pad is attached to the upper side of the base and, being adjustable, the orientation of the pad can be varied to suit different postures of the patient's head.
La almohadilla puede configurarse de diferentes modos siempre que sea lo suficientemente suave y blanda como para permitir un apoyo cómodo de la cabeza del paciente. En una realización particularmente preferida de la invención, la almohadilla comprende al menos una capa externa de poliuretano, una primera capa intermedia de material polimérico, una segunda capa intermedia de cámara de aire, y una capa interna de material rígido. The pad can be configured in different ways as long as it is soft and soft enough to allow comfortable support of the patient's head. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the pad comprises at least one outer layer of polyurethane, a first intermediate layer of polymeric material, a second intermediate layer of air chamber, and an inner layer of rigid material.
La capa externa sirve para proporcionar confort a la cabeza del paciente y evitar el efecto lesivo cuando entra en contacto con otra estructura de forma directa. The external layer serves to provide comfort to the patient's head and avoid the damaging effect when it comes into contact with another structure directly.
La capa de aire permite ajustar la altura necesaria entre el colchón del paciente y su cabeza de acuerdo a la posición requerida, bien en extensión, hipertensión, flexión y rotaciones laterales. Es más, en una realización particularmente preferida de la invención la capa de aire comprende varios compartimientos en su interior para ayudar al ajuste y sentido de la orientación de la cabeza apoyada del paciente. Es decir, la capa de aire queda conformada por al menos dos niveles de cámara de aire. Además, la capa de aire sirve para evitar el contacto directo de la cabeza del paciente apoyada sobre la capa externa con la capa interna rígida, creando un efecto anti gravitatorio con el objetivo de reducir las lesiones por apoyo de forma continuada. The air layer allows to adjust the necessary height between the patient's mattress and his head according to the required position, either in extension, hypertension, flexion and lateral rotations. Furthermore, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the air layer comprises several compartments therein to aid adjustment and directional orientation of the patient's supported head. That is, the air layer is made up of at least two levels of the air chamber. In addition, the air layer serves to avoid direct contact of the patient's head resting on the outer layer with the rigid inner layer, creating an anti-gravitational effect with the aim of reducing injuries from support on an ongoing basis.
Por otra parte, el soporte de la invención puede comprender un medio de llenado y vaciado alternativo de la capa aire para evitar el apoyo sostenido de la cabeza sobre un mismo punto en concreto, creando así un efecto anti escara. Por ejemplo, el medio de llenado y vaciado alternativo puede ser una bomba o compresor automático de accionamiento alternativo y conectado a la capa de aire. On the other hand, the support of the invention may comprise an alternative means of filling and emptying the air layer to avoid sustained head support on the same specific point, thus creating an anti-scale effect. For example, the alternative filling and emptying means may be a reciprocating automatic pump or compressor connected to the air layer.
Gracias a esta configuración, el soporte craneal de la invención resuelve los problemas de la técnica anterior al proporcionar un apoyo anatómico suave y de orientación configurable para la cabeza de un paciente. Thanks to this configuration, the cranial support of the invention solves the problems of the prior art by providing a smooth anatomical support and configurable orientation for the head of a patient.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La Fig. 1 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de soporte craneal de acuerdo con la presente invención. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an example of a cranial support according to the present invention.
La Fig. 2 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un paciente con la cabeza apoyada sobre un ejemplo de soporte craneal según la invención. Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a patient with the head resting on an example of a cranial support according to the invention.
La Fig. 3 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de soporte craneal con la base formada por una bolsa rellena de gránulos. Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of an example of a cranial support with the base formed by a bag filled with granules.
La Fig. 4 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un ejemplo de soporte craneal con la base formada por placa rígida acoplada a una estructura de barras. Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an example of a cranial support with the base formed by a rigid plate attached to a bar structure.
La Fig. 5 muestra una vista en perspectiva de una sección de un ejemplo de soporte craneal donde se aprecian las diferentes capas de la almohadilla. Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a section of an example of a cranial support showing the different layers of the pad.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
La Fig. 1 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un soporte (1) craneal según la presente invención formada por una base (2) y una almohadilla (3) fijada al lado superior de la base (2). Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a cranial support (1) according to the present invention formed by a base (2) and a pad (3) fixed to the upper side of the base (2).
La base (2) tiene en este ejemplo una forma esencialmente paralelepipédica dotada de un lado inferior plano par el apoyo sobre la cama o camilla sobre la que se encuentra el paciente. Como se puede apreciar, el lado inferior de la base (2) tiene una superficie mayor que el resto de la propia base (2) con el propósito de aumentar la estabilidad del apoyo tanto como sea posible. Además, aunque no se aprecia en esta figura, la base (2) es orientable en el sentido de que es posible modificar la orientación de su lado superior para que la almohadilla (3) a la postura del paciente. The base (2) in this example has an essentially parallelepipedic shape provided with a flat bottom side for support on the bed or stretcher on which the patient is. As can be seen, the underside of the base (2) has a greater surface area than the rest of the base (2) in order to increase the stability of the support as much as possible. Furthermore, although it is not seen in this figure, the base (2) is adjustable in the sense that it is possible to modify the orientation of its upper side so that the pad (3) to the patient's posture.
La almohadilla (3), por su parte, está diseñada con una forma anatómica pensada para adaptarse lo más perfectamente posible a la zona de la nuca y parte posterior de la cabeza del paciente. Además, como se describirá con detalle más adelante en este documento, la almohadilla (3) está formada por una pluralidad de capas que le confieren propiedades de adaptabilidad, compresibilidad y elasticidad idóneas para el apoyo de la cabeza del paciente. The pad (3), on the other hand, is designed with an anatomical shape designed to adapt as perfectly as possible to the area of the neck and back of the patient's head. Furthermore, as will be described in detail later in this document, the pad (3) is formed by a plurality of layers that give it adaptability, compressibility and elasticity properties suitable for supporting the patient's head.
La Fig. 2 muestra una vista de un paciente con la cabeza apoyada en el ejemplo de soporte (1) de la presente invención mostrado en la Fig. 1. Como se puede apreciar, se consigue una perfecta alineación de la columna, minimizando así no solo problemas relacionados con dolencias cutáneas sino también de tipo muscular-esquelético. Fig. 2 shows a view of a patient with the head resting on the support example (1) of the present invention shown in Fig. 1. As can be seen, a perfect alignment of the spine is achieved, thus minimizing only problems related to skin ailments but also of a muscular-skeletal type.
La Fig. 3 muestra otro ejemplo de soporte (1) según la invención donde la base (2) está formada por una bolsa que contiene una pluralidad de gránulos de poliestireno expandido. Se trata de un sistema similar al utilizado actualmente en las denominadas almohadas de lactancia que permite modificar manualmente la orientación de la almohadilla (3), reubicándose los gránulos de poliestireno expandido según la postura particular. Fig. 3 shows another example of support (1) according to the invention where the base (2) is formed by a bag containing a plurality of granules of expanded polystyrene. It is a system similar to that currently used in the so-called nursing pillows that allows the orientation of the pad (3) to be manually modified, relocating the expanded polystyrene granules according to the particular position.
La Fig. 4 muestra otro ejemplo de soporte (1) donde la base (2) está formada por una placa (21) rígida sobre la que se apoya una estructura (22) orientable formada por una pluralidad de barras unidas a la almohadilla (3). En este ejemplo, la estructura (22) de barras puede permitir la modificación de la orientación de la almohadilla (3), por ejemplo, mediante una variación de la longitud de las barras a través de mecanismos roscados. Es decir, cada barra puede estar fijada o a la almohadilla (3) a través de una articulación esférica, y mediante un mecanismo similar al de una varilla roscada permitir la modificación de su longitud. De ese modo, alargando o acortando determinadas barras se consigue la reorientación de la almohadilla (3). Fig. 4 shows another example of support (1) where the base (2) is formed by a rigid plate (21) on which a steerable structure (22) rests formed by a plurality of bars attached to the pad (3). ). In this example, the bar structure (22) can allow modification of the orientation of the pad (3), for example, by varying the length of the bars through threaded mechanisms. In other words, each bar can be attached to the pad (3) through a ball joint, and by means of a mechanism similar to that of a threaded rod, allowing its length to be modified. In this way, lengthening or shortening certain bars achieves reorientation of the pad (3).
La Fig. 5 muestra una vista de sección de la almohadilla (3) donde se aprecian las diferentes capas que la conforman. Se trata de una capa externa (31) hecha de poliuretano, una primera capa intermedia (32) hecha de material polimérico, una segunda capa intermedia (33) que contiene una cámara de aire, y una capa interna (34) de material rígido. La Fig. 5 también muestra una sección transversal de la placa (21), que puede estar hecha de material plástico de bajo perfil (por ejemplo PVC), material acrílico, titanio entre otros. Es importante es que sea de poco peso para facilitar su movilización, así como lo suficientemente resistente para evitar que el peso de la cabeza la deforme. Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the pad (3) where the different layers that make it up. It is an external layer (31) made of polyurethane, a first intermediate layer (32) made of polymeric material, a second intermediate layer (33) that contains an air chamber, and an internal layer (34) of rigid material. Fig. 5 also shows a cross section of the plate (21), which can be made of low-profile plastic material (for example PVC), acrylic material, titanium, among others. It is important that it be light in weight to facilitate its mobilization, as well as strong enough to prevent the weight of the head from deforming it.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Soporte (1) craneal multicapa, caracterizado por que comprende: 1. Multilayer cranial support (1), characterized by comprising:
una base (2) orientable configurada para su apoyo sobre la superficie de una cama; y una almohadilla (3) multicapa unida a la base (2), donde la almohadilla (3) tiene una forma anatómica para acomodarse a la nuca de un paciente.  an adjustable base (2) configured for its support on the surface of a bed; and a multi-layer pad (3) attached to the base (2), where the pad (3) is anatomically shaped to accommodate the nape of a patient.
2. Soporte (1) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , donde la base (2) comprende una bolsa en cuyo interior se aloja una pluralidad de gránulos que adoptan diferentes posiciones según la orientación de la almohadilla (3). 2. Support (1) according to claim 1, wherein the base (2) comprises a bag inside which a plurality of granules are housed that adopt different positions according to the orientation of the pad (3).
3. Soporte (1) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 2, donde los gránulos están hechos de poliestireno expandido. 3. Support (1) according to claim 2, wherein the granules are made of expanded polystyrene.
4. Soporte (1) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , donde la base (2) comprende una placa rígida (21) y una estructura (22) orientable de barras unida a la almohadilla (3). 4. Support (1) according to claim 1, wherein the base (2) comprises a rigid plate (21) and a steerable bar structure (22) attached to the pad (3).
5. Soporte (1) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 4, donde la placa (21) rígida está hecha de PVC, material acrílico, o titanio. 5. Support (1) according to claim 4, wherein the rigid plate (21) is made of PVC, acrylic material, or titanium.
6. Soporte (1) de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde el lado inferior de la base (2) comprende además patas auto-roscables para facilitar los ajustes de orientación para la cabeza del paciente 6. Support (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the underside of the base (2) further comprises self-threading legs to facilitate orientation adjustments for the patient's head
7. Soporte de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, donde la almohadilla (3) comprende al menos una capa externa (31) de poliuretano, una primera capa intermedia (32) de material polimérico, una segunda capa intermedia (33) de cámara de aire, y una capa interna (34) de material rígido. 7. Support according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the pad (3) comprises at least one outer layer (31) of polyurethane, a first intermediate layer (32) of polymeric material, a second intermediate chamber layer (33) of air, and an inner layer (34) of rigid material.
8. Soporte (1) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 7, donde la segunda capa intermedia (33) de cámara de aire comprende varios compartimientos en su interior para ayudar al ajuste y sentido de la orientación de la cabeza apoyada del paciente. 8. Support (1) according to claim 7, wherein the second intermediate layer (33) of air chamber comprises several compartments inside it to help the adjustment and sense of orientation of the patient's supported head.
9. Soporte (1) de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 7-8, que además comprende un medio de llenado y vaciado alternativo de la segunda capa intermedia (33) de cámara de aire para evitar el apoyo sostenido de la cabeza sobre un mismo punto. 9. Support (1) according to any of claims 7-8, further comprising an alternate filling and emptying means of the second intermediate layer (33) of air chamber to avoid sustained head support on the same point.
PCT/ES2019/070708 2018-10-18 2019-10-17 Multilayer cranial support WO2020079306A1 (en)

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ESU201831579 2018-10-18
ES201831579U ES1223884Y (en) 2018-10-18 2018-10-18 Multilayer cranial support

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ES1223884U (en) 2019-01-28
EP3868349A4 (en) 2022-08-10
EP3868349A1 (en) 2021-08-25
ES1223884Y (en) 2019-04-22

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