WO2020078281A1 - 洗衣机排水装置及洗衣机 - Google Patents

洗衣机排水装置及洗衣机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020078281A1
WO2020078281A1 PCT/CN2019/110828 CN2019110828W WO2020078281A1 WO 2020078281 A1 WO2020078281 A1 WO 2020078281A1 CN 2019110828 W CN2019110828 W CN 2019110828W WO 2020078281 A1 WO2020078281 A1 WO 2020078281A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking
washing tub
transmission
unit
washing machine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/110828
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕艳芬
许升
吕佩师
Original Assignee
青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司
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Publication of WO2020078281A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020078281A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D06F39/083—Liquid discharge or recirculation arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/30—Driving arrangements 
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00—Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/30—Driving arrangements 
    • D06F37/40—Driving arrangements  for driving the receptacle and an agitator or impeller, e.g. alternatively
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of washing, and specifically relates to a drainage device and a washing machine with the drainage device.
  • a plurality of dewatering holes are provided on the peripheral wall of the inner tub, and the inner tub and the outer tub communicate with each other.
  • the inner tub is a clothes storage area for washing clothes.
  • the portion between the inner tub and the outer tub is full Water does not participate in washing.
  • the water that really participates in washing is part of the inner bucket, which makes water resources waste enormously.
  • too much water between the inner bucket and the outer bucket will also reduce the concentration of detergent and affect the washing effect.
  • washing machines are increasingly using a non-porous inner bucket to separate the inner and outer buckets, and only use the inner bucket to store water, while the outer bucket has no water.
  • the upper side of the inner wall of the inner tub is provided with a drainage hole or a water guide channel from top to bottom to discharge the water.
  • a drain mechanism with a controllable opening and closing is provided at the drain port.
  • a locking mechanism that limits the position of the inner tub for example, Chinese Patent Application No. CN201510057876.4 discloses a locking mechanism for an inner tub of a washing machine and a washing machine.
  • the bottom of the inner tub is provided with a first positioning structure, and the bottom of the outer tub is provided with a second positioning structure ,
  • the second positioning structure is a retractable structure, the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure are concave and convex, the inner barrel is locked, the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure are disengaged, and the inner barrel is unlocked .
  • the bottom of the inner barrel is provided with a locking hole, and the bottom of the outer barrel is provided with at least a retractable locking bar.
  • the locking bar extends into the locking hole, the inner barrel is locked, and the locking bar comes out of the locking hole.
  • the inner barrel is unlocked.
  • the inner tub is locked during washing, and there is no water between the inner and outer tubs.
  • a locking hole is provided at the bottom of the inner tub, and the retractable locking lever is used to cooperate with the locking hole.
  • the locking lever When the locking lever is extended, the locking hole is concavely and convexly engaged, the inner tub is locked, and the locking lever is pulled out when retracted Locking hole, inner barrel contact lock.
  • the drainage mechanism of the inner bucket is closed by the drainage mechanism, and when the inner bucket rotates, the drainage mechanism opens the drainage port of the inner bucket.
  • the locking mechanism and the drainage mechanism are designed separately, there are many parts, and the installation is inconvenient, and the installation accuracy is also high.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a drainage device with an integrated structure of a lock unit and a valve unit, low cost, and high installation efficiency.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a washing machine having the drainage device.
  • a washing machine drainage device includes a locking unit that controls the rotation state of the washing tub and a valve unit that controls the opening and closing of the washing tub drainage port, and further includes,
  • the fixed seat integrates the locking unit and the valve unit into an integrated structure, and the locking unit and the valve unit are movably installed on the fixed seat respectively;
  • the first driving component drives the valve unit to move through the first transmission member to seal the drain port of the washing tub and / or open the drain port;
  • the second driving component drives the locking unit to move through the second transmission member to block the rotation of the washing tub and / or release the restriction that the locking unit blocks the rotation of the washing tub.
  • the effective action of the second driving part driving the locking unit to block the rotation of the washing tub is configured to be completed before the effective action of the first driving part driving the valve unit to seal the drain port of the washing tub.
  • control instruction time obtained by the second driving component is earlier than the control instruction time obtained by the first driving component.
  • the effective transmission stroke of the first transmission member is smaller than the effective transmission stroke of the second transmission member
  • the first transmission member includes a first transmission wheel and a first transmission rod.
  • the first transmission wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the first driving member, one end of the first transmission rod is eccentrically connected to the first transmission wheel, and the other end is
  • the valve unit is movably connected, and the effective transmission stroke of the first transmission member includes the distance between the rotation center of the first transmission wheel and the movable connection position of the first transmission rod, and the two ends of the first transmission rod are respectively movable with the first transmission wheel and the valve unit The distance between connected locations;
  • the second transmission member includes a second transmission wheel and a second transmission rod.
  • the second transmission wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the second driving member.
  • One end of the second transmission rod is eccentrically connected to the second transmission wheel, and the other end is connected to the locking unit Active connection, the effective transmission stroke of the second transmission member includes the distance between the rotation center of the second transmission wheel and the movable connection position of the second transmission rod, and the two ends of the second transmission rod are movably connected to the second transmission wheel and the locking unit, respectively Distance between locations;
  • the distance between the rotation center of the first transmission wheel of the first transmission member and the movable connection position of the first transmission rod is less than the position of the movable connection of the second transmission wheel rotation center of the second transmission member and the second transmission rod the distance between;
  • the distance between the movable connection positions at both ends of the first transmission rod of the first transmission member is smaller than the distance between the movable connection positions at both ends of the second transmission rod of the second transmission member.
  • the minimum distance between the locking unit and the locking position of the washing tub is smaller than the minimum distance between the valve unit and the drain of the washing tub.
  • the first driving part drives the valve unit to move back and forth between the extended position and the retracted position through the first transmission member, the valve unit seals the drain port of the washing tub in the extended position, and opens the drain port in the retracted position;
  • the second driving part drives the locking unit to reciprocate between the locking position and the unlocking position through the second transmission member.
  • the locking unit blocks the rotation of the washing tub at the locking position, and releases the restriction of the rotation of the washing tub at the unlocking position.
  • the locking unit first moves to the locking position to block the rotation of the washing tub.
  • valve unit opens the drain port at the retracted position.
  • valve unit includes a valve plug and a valve plug rod that drives the valve plug to move, the valve plug moves to the bottom of the washing tub to block the drain port of the washing tub, and the valve plug rod moves through the fixed seat;
  • the locking unit includes a locking lever, the locking lever moves through the fixing seat, and a locking concave portion that cooperates with the upper end of the locking lever is provided at the bottom of the washing tub;
  • the locking recess is a locking hole, or a blocking portion provided at the bottom of the washing tub constitutes a limiting recess for blocking the locking lever.
  • the invention also provides a washing machine, including a housing, a washing tub rotatably disposed in the housing, a water receiving tank supporting the washing tub, and the water receiving tank is equipped with the drainage device.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art.
  • the washing machine drainage device of the present invention adopts an integrated and modular installation for the locking unit and the valve unit of the washing tub.
  • the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.
  • the process of installing the two components independently is simplified, saving installation cost and installation time.
  • the control of the drainage device is more precise, reducing the wear of the valve unit and avoiding the leakage of the drain port.
  • the locking unit enters the effective working distance range, there is a certain safety distance between the valve unit and the drain port at the bottom of the washing tub to avoid the valve unit Simultaneously blocking the rotation of the washing tub with the locking unit causes the valve unit to wear or deform.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the washing machine drainage device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the connection between the driving component and the transmission component of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the drainage device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the drainage device of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection or detachable Connected, or connected integrally; either directly or indirectly through an intermediary.
  • connection should be understood in specific situations.
  • the washing machine of the present invention includes a housing (not shown in the figure), a washing tub 1 rotatably disposed in the housing, a water receiving tank 2 supporting the washing tub 1 and a drainage device.
  • a drain port 3 is provided at the bottom of the washing tub 1, the drain port 3 is closed during the water inlet and washing process, and the washing tub 1 is a water tub.
  • the drainage device includes a locking unit 5 that controls the rotation state of the washing tub 1, a valve unit 4 that controls the opening and closing of the washing tub drain port 3, and a fixed seat 11, which integrates the locking unit 5 and the valve unit 4 into an integrated structure.
  • the locking unit 5 and the valve unit 4 are movably installed on the fixed seat 11, respectively, and further include a driving unit installed on the fixed seat 11, the driving unit controls the locking unit 5 and the valve unit 4 to approach the washing tub and away from the washing, respectively The two positions of the tub move to control the rotation state of the washing tub 1 and the opening and closing of the washing tub drain 3.
  • the drive unit of the present invention includes a first drive member 6 and a second drive member 6 '.
  • the first drive member 6 drives the valve unit 4 to move back and forth between the extended position and the retracted position through the first transmission member 7, and the valve unit 4 is at The extended position seals the drain port 3 of the washing tub and opens the drain port 3 in the retracted position; the second driving part 6 'drives the locking unit 5 through the second transmission member 8 to move back and forth between the locked position and the released position
  • the stop unit 5 blocks the rotation of the washing tub 1 at the lock position, and releases the restriction of the rotation blocking of the washing tub at the release position.
  • the water receiving tank of the present invention is connected to the casing of the washing machine through a vibration damping unit (not shown in the figure).
  • the water receiving tank supports the washing tub, which not only enables the washing tub to be rotatably disposed in the housing, but also collects the washing discharged from the washing tub Water is discharged to the outside of the washing machine by the valve unit communicating with the water receiving tank.
  • the vibration damping unit may adopt the boom vibration damping structure of the existing pulsator washing machine, or may adopt a damping vibration damping structure installed upwardly supported under the water receiving tank, or a combination of the above.
  • the water receiving tank 2 is a bucket-shaped structure, a disk-shaped structure, or is composed of a support plate supported under the washing tub and an annular rib provided above the support plate; the outer tub of the existing washing machine or the lower end of the washing tub can also be used Along the groove structure.
  • the valve unit 4 and the locking unit 5 are provided at the bottom of the water receiving tank 2, the upper end can move through the bottom of the water receiving tank 2 movably, and are sealed with the bottom of the water receiving tank 2, and the lower end is movably installed on the fixed seat 11 Inside, the fixing seat 11 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the water receiving tank 2.
  • the drain port at the bottom of the washing tub is closed, and the washing tub is a water tub.
  • the pulsator in the washing tub can be controlled to rotate independently, or the pulsator and the washing tub can be controlled to rotate separately; drainage At the time, the drainage port at the bottom of the washing tub is opened, and the water in the washing tub is discharged to the external water receiving tank, and then discharged by the drain pipe; during dehydration, the washing tub is driven to rotate at a high speed, and the moisture in the clothes is thrown out along the peripheral wall of the washing tub Climb upward, thrown out from the dehydration hole on the upper part of the peripheral wall of the washing tub, or guided from the water channel 14 on the peripheral wall of the washing tub 1 from top to bottom into the external water receiving tank 2 (see FIG.
  • the water guiding channel can be arranged outside the peripheral wall of the washing tub or inside the peripheral wall of the washing tub.
  • the moisture in the laundry is thrown out by the centrifugal force and climbs up the peripheral wall of the washing tub from the upper part of the water guiding channel
  • the water inlet enters the water guide channel, and the water guide downward is thrown out by the dehydration hole in the lower part of the washing tub.
  • the drainage device of the present invention integrates the locking unit 5 and the valve unit 4 into an integrated structure through the fixed seat 11, which has a simple structure and convenient installation, and reduces the installation process and time.
  • the driving unit uses two driving parts to drive the valve unit 4 and the locking unit 5, respectively.
  • the washing machine control system can not only transmit signals to the two driving parts at the same time, but also transmit signals to the two driving parts separately at a certain time interval.
  • the locking unit 5 Before the valve unit 4 moves to the extended position to seal the drain port 3 of the washing tub, the locking unit 5 first moves to the locking position to block the rotation of the washing tub 1.
  • the effective action of the second driving part 6 'driving the locking unit 5 to block the rotation of the washing tub 1 is configured to be completed before the effective action of the first driving part 6 driving the valve unit 4 to seal the washing tub drain 3.
  • the following scheme can be used:
  • the signal transmission has a time interval, and the control command time obtained by the second driving part 6 'is earlier than the control command time obtained by the first driving part 6, so that the locking unit 5 first blocks the rotation of the washing tub 1, and then the valve unit 4 Sealed drain 3;
  • the effective transmission stroke of the first transmission member 7 is smaller than the effective transmission stroke of the second transmission member 8;
  • the minimum distance between the locking unit 5 and the locking position of the washing tub 1 is smaller than the minimum distance between the valve unit 4 and the washing tub drain 3.
  • the valve unit 4 and the locking unit 5 of the present invention are driven by the first drive member 6 and the second drive member 6 ', respectively, corresponding to the first transmission member 7 and the
  • the second transmission member 8 drives the valve unit 4 and the locking unit 5 to move closer / away from the washing tub 1.
  • the effective transmission stroke of the first transmission member 7 is smaller than the effective transmission stroke of the second transmission member 8, and the difference between the effective transmission strokes of the two transmission members is L, where,
  • the first transmission member 7 includes a first transmission wheel 9 and a first transmission rod 10.
  • the first transmission wheel 9 is mounted on the output shaft of the first driving member 6.
  • One end of the first transmission rod 10 is connected to the first
  • the transmission wheel 9 is eccentrically connected and the other end is movably connected to the valve unit 4.
  • the effective transmission stroke of the first transmission member 7 includes the distance between the rotation center O1 of the first transmission wheel 9 and the movable connection position O2 of the first transmission rod 10, and The distance between the two ends of the first transmission rod 10 and the first transmission wheel 9 is movably connected to the position O2 and the valve unit 4 is movably connected to the position O3.
  • the second transmission member 8 includes a second transmission wheel 9 'and a second transmission rod 10'.
  • the second transmission wheel 9 ' is mounted on the output shaft of the second driving member 6'.
  • One end of the second transmission rod 10 ' is connected to the second transmission
  • the wheel 9 ' is eccentrically connected and the other end is movably connected to the locking unit 5.
  • the effective transmission stroke of the second transmission member 8 includes the movable connection position O2' of the second transmission wheel 9 'rotation center O1' and the second transmission rod 10 ' And the distance between the two ends of the second transmission rod 10 'and the second transmission wheel 9' are connected to the movable connection position O2 'and the locking unit 5 from the movable connection position O3'.
  • the effective transmission stroke of the second transmission member 8 cooperating with the locking unit 5 is greater than the effective transmission stroke of the first transmission member 7 cooperating with the valve unit 4, so that the washing machine control system can simultaneously output signals to the first driving part and the second driving Components, when the locking unit 5 enters the effective working distance range, the valve unit 4 and the drain port 3 at the bottom of the washing tub 1 have a certain safety distance, to prevent the washing tub from being restricted from rotating when the valve unit and the locking unit move simultaneously This causes wear or deformation of the valve unit.
  • the distance between the rotation center O1 of the first transmission wheel 9 of the first transmission member 7 and the movable connection position O2 of the first transmission rod 10 according to the present invention is less than that of the second transmission member 8
  • a further embodiment is that the distance between the two ends of the first transmission rod 10 of the first transmission member 7 of the present invention and the movable transmission position O2 of the first transmission wheel 9 and the movable connection position O3 of the valve unit 4 is less than the first The distance between the two ends of the second transmission rod 10 'of the second transmission member 8 and the movable transmission position O2' of the second transmission wheel 9 'and the movable connection position O3' of the locking unit 5 respectively.
  • the valve unit 4 and the locking unit 5 of the present invention are driven by the first driving member 6 and the second driving member 6 ', respectively, corresponding to the first transmission member 7 and the second
  • the second transmission member 8 drives the valve unit 4 and the locking unit 5 to move closer / away from the washing tub 1.
  • the minimum distance between the locking unit 5 and the locking position of the washing tub 1 is smaller than the minimum distance between the valve unit 4 and the drain 3.
  • the valve unit 4 of the present invention includes a valve plug 41 and a valve plug rod 42 that drives the valve plug 41;
  • the locking unit 5 includes a locking rod 51.
  • the bottom of the washing tub 1 is provided with a locking recess 12 that cooperates with the upper end of the locking lever 51;
  • the minimum distance between the upper end face of the valve plug 41 and the drain port 3 is greater than the effective locking of the upper end of the locking lever 51 and the locking recess 12 shortest distance.
  • the upper end of the locking lever 51 is higher than the horizontal plane where the upper end surface of the valve plug 41 is located, and the height difference is H (see FIG. 4).
  • the locking recess 12 effectively restricts the position of the locking rod 51 to be lower than the horizontal plane where the drain 3 is sealed.
  • the washing machine of the present invention seals the drain port 3 through the valve plug 41.
  • the locking unit 5 and the valve unit 4 are close to the bottom of the washing tub, the washing tub 1 is locked and cannot rotate, and the drain port 3 is sealed ;
  • the locking unit 5 and the valve unit 4 are synchronously away from the bottom of the washing tub, the washing tub 1 is in a free state, and at the same time the drain 3 is opened.
  • the locking recess 12 at the bottom of the washing tub 1 is a locking hole, or a blocking portion provided at the bottom of the washing tub 1 constitutes a limiting recess for blocking the locking lever.
  • the locking hole is provided on the bottom flange 16 of the washing tub (see FIG. 3).
  • the valve plug stem of the present invention is a hollow drain pipe structure
  • the valve plug is a seal ring structure sleeved on the upper end of the valve plug stem and the periphery of the drain port, and the lower end of the valve plug stem Connected to the drain valve through a hose (not shown in the figure).
  • the locking unit and the valve unit are close to the bottom of the washing tub at the same time. The washing tub is locked and cannot rotate, and at the same time, the drain port 3 is sealed.
  • the water in the washing tub flows out; in the drainage process, there are two control methods, one is that the locking unit 5 and the valve unit 4 are synchronously away from the bottom of the washing tub, the washing tub 1 is in a free state, and at the same time the drain 3 is opened to wash
  • the water in the bucket flows into the water receiving tank 2 and is discharged through the drainage structure additionally provided by the water receiving tank 2, or the valve plug rod moves downward so that the upper end of the valve plug rod is not higher than the inner surface of the bottom of the water receiving tank, and is discharged by the hollow valve plug rod
  • the water in the sink is connected; the other is that the locking unit and the valve unit keep the state of the water inlet and washing process unchanged, and the drain valve connected to the lower end of the valve plug rod is opened to drain the drain valve.
  • the locking unit 5 and the valve unit 4 are synchronously away from the bottom of the washing tub, the washing tub 1 is in a free state, and at the same time, the drain port 3 is opened, and the water in the washing tub flows into the water receiving tank 2, which is additionally provided through the water receiving tank 2.
  • the drainage structure is discharged, or the valve plug rod moves downwards so that the upper end of the valve plug rod is not higher than the inner surface of the bottom of the water receiving tank, and the hollow valve plug rod discharges the water in the water receiving tank.
  • a balance ring 15 is provided on the upper part of the washing tub 1 according to the present invention.
  • the balance ring 15 is sealingly connected to the upper end of the washing tub 1.
  • the outer wall of the balance ring 15 and the inner peripheral wall of the upper end of the washing tub 1 may be used for sealing, or the balance ring 15 may be supported on the upper end edge of the washing tub 1, and the end seal between the two is provided, or a combination of two groups, or alternatively, through The method of rolling the edging, the way of interposing the sealing ring, etc. realize the sealing of the two.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Main Body Construction Of Washing Machines And Laundry Dryers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种洗衣机排水装置及洗衣机，排水装置包括控制洗涤桶转动状态的锁止单元、控制洗涤桶排水口开闭的阀单元，和固定座；固定座将锁止单元和阀单元集成为一体结构，锁止单元和阀单元分别可活动地安装在固定座上，还包括安装在固定座上的驱动单元，驱动单元分别控制锁止单元和阀单元在靠近洗涤桶和远离洗涤桶两个位置之间运动以控制洗涤桶的转动状态和洗涤桶排水口的开闭。本发明通过固定座将锁止单元和阀单元集成为一体结构，结构简单、安装方便，减少了安装的工序和时间。

Description

洗衣机排水装置及洗衣机 技术领域
本发明属于洗涤领域，具体地说，涉及一种排水装置及具有该排水装置的洗衣机。
背景技术
现有的波轮洗衣机，内桶的周壁上设有多个脱水孔，内桶和外桶之间连通，内桶为衣物存放区，用于衣物的洗涤，内桶与外桶侧壁之间充满的这部分水不参与洗涤，真正参与洗涤的水是内桶中的部分，这使得水资源浪费巨大，另外，内桶和外桶之间过多的水也会降低洗涤剂的浓度，影响洗涤效果。与此同时，由于水流在内桶、外桶之间频繁进出，持续使用之后，内桶与外桶的侧壁之间的区域也成了藏污纳垢的空间，自来水里的水垢、洗衣粉的游离物、衣物的纤维素、人体的有机物及衣物带入的灰尘与细菌极易滞留在内桶与外桶的侧壁之间。这些霉菌是用久了的洗衣机内部积蓄的大量污垢、因不能有效去除而滋生繁殖的，这些使用者看不到的污垢如果不予清除，那么在下一次洗涤后，细菌又会附着在衣物上而带给人体，造成交叉感染的问题。
针对该情况，有些厂商做出了改进，为了节省水资源，洗衣机越来越多的采用无孔内桶的方式，使内外桶分离，只用内桶储水，而外桶无水。在内桶侧壁靠上端开设有排水孔或者采用自上向下的导水通道将水导出，这样，当洗衣机脱水时，水由于离心力的作用被甩在内桶内壁上，并沿内桶内壁向上移动，从内桶上端的排水孔直接排出或通过导水通道导出，这样提高了洗衣机节水的效果，并节约了洗涤剂的用量，更能够避免内外桶之间滋生细菌对衣物造成交叉污染。
上述结构相对于传统洗衣机虽然作出了改进，但是，还存在如下缺陷：排水只能依靠驱动内桶转动使得水从上部出水孔排出，排水时间长；另外，排水过程中，需要驱动装置工作，耗电相对高；最后，长时间使用，沉积性污物如泥沙颗粒等无法排出，积攒在内桶中，积攒过多则容易滋生细菌二次污染衣物，甚至于磨损衣物或内桶中的部件，如波轮轴密封部件等。
为了解决上述技术问题，申请人之前研发的技术，在内桶底设有排水口，并在该排水口设于可控开闭的排水机构，为了使得排水机构能够与排水口配合实现密封，还设置限定内桶位置的锁止机构，例如，申请号为CN201510057876.4的中国专利公开了一种洗衣机内桶的锁止机构及洗衣机，内桶底部设有一第一定位结构，外桶底部设有一第二定位结构，所述第二 定位结构为可伸缩结构，所述第一定位结构和所述第二定位结构凹凸配合，内桶被锁定，所述第一定位结构和所述第二定位结构脱离，内桶解除锁定。所述内桶底部设有一锁止孔，所述外桶底部至少设置一可伸缩的锁止杆，所述锁止杆伸入锁止孔，内桶被锁定，所述锁止杆脱出锁止孔，内桶解除锁定。洗涤时内桶被锁定，内外桶之间无水。
具体而言，在内桶底部设置锁止孔，并利用可伸缩的锁止杆与锁止孔相互配合，锁止杆伸出时与锁止孔凹凸配合，内桶锁定，锁止杆缩回时脱出锁止孔，内桶接触锁定。
其中，当内桶被锁定时，利用排水机构关闭内桶的排水口，而当内桶转动时，排水机构打开内桶的排水口，内桶内的水由排水口先流入外桶，然后再从外桶排出，但在此该结构中，锁止机构和排水机构分体设计，零部件较多，安装不方便，对安装精度也要求较高。
有鉴于此特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种具有锁止单元和阀单元一体集成结构、成本低、安装效率高的排水装置。
本发明的另一目的在于提供具有该排水装置的洗衣机。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用技术方案的基本构思是：一种洗衣机排水装置，包括，控制洗涤桶转动状态的锁止单元和控制洗涤桶排水口开闭的阀单元，还包括，
固定座，将锁止单元和阀单元集成为一体结构，锁止单元和阀单元分别可活动地安装在固定座上；
第一驱动部件，通过第一传动件驱动阀单元运动以密封洗涤桶排水口和/或打开排水口；
第二驱动部件，通过第二传动件驱动锁止单元运动以阻挡洗涤桶转动和/或解除锁止单元阻挡洗涤桶转动的限制。
进一步的，所述第二驱动部件驱动锁止单元阻挡洗涤桶转动的有效动作配置为在第一驱动部件驱动阀单元密封洗涤桶排水口的有效动作之前完成。
进一步的，所述第二驱动部件获得的控制指令时间先于第一驱动部件获得的控制指令时间。
或者，替换方案为，所述第一传动件的有效传动行程小于第二传动件的有效传动行程；
优选的，第一传动件包括第一传动轮和第一传动杆，第一传动轮安装在第一驱动部件的 输出轴上，第一传动杆一端与第一传动轮偏心活动连接，另一端与阀单元活动连接，第一传动件的有效传动行程包括第一传动轮旋转中心与第一传动杆活动连接位置之间的距离，和第一传动杆两端分别与第一传动轮和阀单元活动连接位置之间的距离；
第二传动件包括第二传动轮和第二传动杆，第二传动轮安装在第二驱动部件的输出轴上，第二传动杆一端与第二传动轮偏心活动连接，另一端与锁止单元活动连接，第二传动件的有效传动行程包括第二传动轮旋转中心与第二传动杆活动连接位置之间的距离，和第二传动杆两端分别与第二传动轮和锁止单元活动连接位置之间的距离；
还优选的，所述的第一传动件的第一传动轮旋转中心与第一传动杆活动连接位置之间的距离小于第二传动件的第二传动轮旋转中心与第二传动杆活动连接位置之间的距离；
和/或，所述的第一传动件的第一传动杆两端活动连接位置之间的距离小于第二传动件的第二传动杆两端活动连接位置之间的距离。
再或者，替换方案为，所述锁止单元与洗涤桶锁止位置的最小距离小于阀单元与洗涤桶排水口的最小距离。
进一步的，第一驱动部件，通过第一传动件驱动阀单元在伸出位置和缩回位置之间往返运动，阀单元在伸出位置密封洗涤桶排水口，在缩回位置打开排水口；
第二驱动部件，通过第二传动件驱动锁止单元在锁止位置和解除位置之间往返运动，锁止单元在锁止位置阻挡洗涤桶转动，在解除位置解除对洗涤桶阻挡转动的限制。
进一步的，所述阀单元在运动至伸出位置密封洗涤桶排水口之前，所述锁止单元先一步运动至锁止位置阻挡洗涤桶转动。
进一步的，所述锁止单元在解除位置解除对洗涤桶阻挡转动的限制时，所述阀单元在缩回位置打开排水口。
进一步的，本发明所述的阀单元包括阀塞和带动阀塞运动的阀塞杆，阀塞移动至洗涤桶底封堵洗涤桶排水口，阀塞杆活动穿过固定座；
所述的锁止单元包括锁止杆，锁止杆活动穿过固定座，洗涤桶底设有与锁止杆上端部配合的锁止凹部；
优选的，所述的锁止凹部为锁止孔，或者为设于洗涤桶底部的阻挡部构成用于阻挡锁止杆的限位凹部。
本发明还提供一种洗衣机，包括外壳，可转动地设置在外壳内的洗涤桶，支撑洗涤桶的 接水槽，所述的接水槽安装有所述的排水装置。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果。
本发明洗衣机排水装置对于洗涤桶的锁止单元和阀单元采用一体集成模块化安装，结构简单，安装方便，精简了两个部件独自安装的流程，节约了安装成本和安装时间。
排水装置的控制更为精确，减少了阀单元的磨损，避免排水口漏水，在锁止单元进入有效工作距离范围时，阀单元与洗涤桶底部的排水口还有一定的安全距离，避免阀单元与锁止单元同时阻挡洗涤桶转动造成阀单元磨损或变形。
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的描述。
附图说明
附图作为本发明的一部分，用来提供对本发明的进一步的理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，但不构成对本发明的不当限定。显然，下面描述中的附图仅仅是一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来说，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他附图。在附图中：
图1是本发明洗衣机排水装置安装结构示意图；
图2是本发明驱动部件和传动件连接局部示意图；
图3是本发明排水装置一种结构示意图；
图4是本发明排水装置另一种结构示意图。
需要说明的是，这些附图和文字描述并不旨在以任何方式限制本发明的构思范围，而是通过参考特定实施例为本领域技术人员说明本发明的概念。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1至图4所示，本发明所述的洗衣机，包括外壳(图中未示出)，可转动的设置在外壳内的洗涤桶1，支撑洗涤桶1的接水槽2和排水装置。洗涤桶1底部设有排水口3，进水、洗涤过程排水口3封闭，洗涤桶1为盛水桶。排水装置包括控制洗涤桶1转动状态的锁止单元5、控制洗涤桶排水口3开闭的阀单元4，和固定座11，固定座11将锁止单元5和阀单元4集成为一体结构，锁止单元5和阀单元4分别可活动地安装在固定座11上，还包括安装在固定座11上的驱动单元，驱动单元分别控制锁止单元5和阀单元4在靠近洗涤桶和远离洗涤桶两个位置之间运动以控制洗涤桶1的转动状态和洗涤桶排水口3的开闭。
本发明驱动单元包括第一驱动部件6和第二驱动部件6’，第一驱动部件6通过第一传动件7驱动阀单元4在伸出位置和缩回位置之间往返运动，阀单元4在伸出位置密封洗涤桶排水口3，在缩回位置打开排水口3；第二驱动部件6’，通过第二传动件8驱动锁止单元5在锁止位置和解除位置之间往返运动，锁止单元5在锁止位置阻挡洗涤桶1转动，在解除位置解除对洗涤桶阻挡转动的限制。
本发明所述的接水槽通过减振单元与洗衣机的外壳连接(图中未示出)，接水槽支撑洗涤桶，不仅使得洗涤桶可转动的设置在外壳内，也能够收集洗涤桶排出的洗涤水，由与接水槽连通的阀单元排出至洗衣机外部。该减振单元可采用现有波轮洗衣机的吊杆减振结构，也可采用安装在接水槽下方向上支撑的阻尼减振结构，或者采用上述的组合。
该接水槽2为桶状结构、盘状结构，或者由支撑在洗涤桶下方的支撑板和设置在支撑板上方的环形凸筋构成；还可以采用现有洗衣机的外桶或低于洗涤桶上端沿的凹槽结构。如图1所示，阀单元4和锁止单元5设于接水槽2底部，上端均可活动地穿过接水槽2底部，且与接水槽2底部密封设置，下端活动穿设于固定座11内，固定座11固定安装在接水槽2底。
本发明洗衣机在进水洗涤时，洗涤桶底部的排水口被封闭，洗涤桶为盛水桶，洗涤时，可控制洗涤桶内的波轮独自转动，也可控制波轮和洗涤桶分别转动；排水时，洗涤桶底部的排水口打开，洗涤桶内的水排出至外部的接水槽内，然后由排水管排出；脱水时，驱动洗涤桶高速转动，衣物中的水分受离心力甩出沿洗涤桶周壁向上爬升，由洗涤桶周壁上部的脱水孔甩出，或者由洗涤桶1周壁上的导水通道14自上向下引导至外部的接水槽2内(参阅图1)。 该导水通道可设置在洗涤桶周壁的外侧，也可设置在洗涤桶周壁的内侧，导水通道设置在内侧时，衣物中的水分受离心力甩出沿洗涤桶周壁向上爬升从导水通道上部的进水口进入导水通道，向下导水由洗涤桶下部的脱水孔甩出。
本发明排水装置通过固定座11将锁止单元5和阀单元4集成为一体结构，结构简单、安装方便，减少了安装的工序和时间。驱动单元采用两个驱动部件分别驱动阀单元4和锁止单元5，洗衣机控制系统不仅能够同时传输信号给两个驱动部件，也可以间隔一定时间分别传输信号给两个驱动部件。
所述阀单元4在运动至伸出位置密封洗涤桶排水口3之前，所述锁止单元5先一步运动至锁止位置阻挡洗涤桶1转动。
所述第二驱动部件6’驱动锁止单元5阻挡洗涤桶1转动的有效动作配置为在第一驱动部件6驱动阀单元4密封洗涤桶排水口3的有效动作之前完成。可采用下述方案实现：
第一，信号传输具有时间间隔，所述第二驱动部件6’获得的控制指令时间先于第一驱动部件6获得的控制指令时间，使得锁止单元5先阻挡洗涤桶1转动，然后阀单元4密封排水口3；
第二，所述第一传动件7的有效传动行程小于第二传动件8的有效传动行程；
第三，所述锁止单元5与洗涤桶1锁止位置的最小距离小于阀单元4与洗涤桶排水口3的最小距离。
作为本发明的一种实施方案，如图3所示，本发明阀单元4和锁止单元5分别通过第一驱动部件6和第二驱动部件6’驱动，对应通过第一传动件7和第二传动件8驱动阀单元4和锁止单元5靠近/远离洗涤桶1。第一传动件7的有效传动行程小于第二传动件8的有效传动行程，两传动件有效传动行程的差为L，其中，
如图2所示，第一传动件7包括第一传动轮9和第一传动杆10，第一传动轮9安装在第一驱动部件6的输出轴上，第一传动杆10一端与第一传动轮9偏心活动连接，另一端与阀单元4活动连接，第一传动件7的有效传动行程包括第一传动轮9旋转中心O1与第一传动杆10活动连接位置O2之间的距离，和第一传动杆10两端分别与第一传动轮9活动连接位置O2和与阀单元4活动连接位置O3之间的距离。
第二传动件8包括第二传动轮9’和第二传动杆10’，第二传动轮9’安装在第二驱动部件6’的输出轴上，第二传动杆10’一端与第二传动轮9’偏心活动连接，另一端与锁止单 元5活动连接，第二传动件8的有效传动行程包括第二传动轮9’旋转中心O1’与第二传动杆10’活动连接位置O2’之间的距离，和第二传动杆10’两端分别与第二传动轮9’活动连接位置O2’和与锁止单元5活动连接位置O3’之间的距离。
与锁止单元5配合的第二传动件8的有效传动行程大于与阀单元4配合的第一传动件7的有效传动行程，使得洗衣机控制系统能够同时输出信号给第一驱动部件和第二驱动部件，在锁止单元5进入有效工作距离范围时，阀单元4与洗涤桶1底部的排水口3还有一定的安全距离，避免阀单元与锁止单元同时运动时洗涤桶还未被限制转动从而造成阀单元的磨损或变形。
作为本发明的一种实施方案，本发明所述的第一传动件7的第一传动轮9旋转中心O1与第一传动杆10活动连接位置O2之间的距离小于第二传动件8的第二传动轮9’旋转中心O1’与第二传动杆10’活动连接位置O2’之间的距离。
进一步的实施方案为，本发明所述的第一传动件7的第一传动杆10两端分别与第一传动轮9活动连接位置O2和与阀单元4活动连接位置O3之间的距离小于第二传动件8的第二传动杆10’两端分别与第二传动轮9’活动连接位置O2’和与锁止单元5活动连接位置O3’之间的距离。
作为本发明的一种实施方案，如图4所示，本发明阀单元4和锁止单元5分别通过第一驱动部件6和第二驱动部件6’驱动，对应通过第一传动件7和第二传动件8驱动阀单元4和锁止单元5靠近/远离洗涤桶1。在锁止单元5远离洗涤桶1的位置，锁止单元5与洗涤桶1锁止位置的最小距离小于阀单元4与排水口3的最小距离。该结构可使得洗衣机控制系统能够同时输出信号给第一驱动部件6和第二驱动部件6’，在锁止单元5先进入有效工作距离范围时，阀单元4与洗涤桶1底部的排水口3还有一定的安全距离，避免阀单元与锁止单元同时运动时洗涤桶还未被限制转动从而造成阀单元的磨损或变形。
作为本发明的一种实施方案，如图1所示，本发明所述的阀单元4包括阀塞41和带动阀塞41运动的阀塞杆42；所述的锁止单元5包括锁止杆51，洗涤桶1底部设有与锁止杆51上端部配合的锁止凹部12；
在锁止杆51上端部远离洗涤桶1的锁止凹部12位置，阀塞41的上端面与排水口3配合密封处的最小距离大于锁止杆51上端部与锁止凹部12有效锁止的最小距离。
进一步的，所述锁止杆51上端部高于阀塞41上端面所在的水平面，高度差为H(参阅图4)。
和/或，所述锁止凹部12有效限制锁止杆51的位置低于排水口3密封处所在的水平面。
本发明洗衣机通过阀塞41密封排水口3，该结构在进水及洗涤过程，锁止单元5和阀单元4同步靠近洗涤桶底，洗涤桶1被锁止不能转动，同时排水口3被密封；在排脱水过程，锁止单元5和阀单元4同步远离洗涤桶底，洗涤桶1为自由状态，同时排水口3被打开。
本发明所述的洗涤桶1底部的锁止凹部12为锁止孔，或者为设于洗涤桶1底部的阻挡部构成用于阻挡锁止杆的限位凹部。优选的，所述的锁止孔设于洗涤桶底法兰盘16上(参阅图3)。
作为本发明的一种替换方案，本发明所述的阀塞杆为一中空的排水管结构，阀塞为套设在阀塞杆上端部与排水口周边的密封圈结构，阀塞杆的下端通过一软管与排水阀连接(图中未示出)。该结构在进水及洗涤过程，锁止单元和阀单元同步靠近洗涤桶底，洗涤桶被锁止不能转动，同时排水口3被密封，该状态阀塞杆下端连通的排水阀为闭合状态阻止洗涤桶内的水流出；在排水过程，有两种控制方式，一种为，锁止单元5和阀单元4同步远离洗涤桶底，洗涤桶1为自由状态，同时排水口3被打开，洗涤桶内的水流入接水槽2内，通过接水槽2另外设置的排水结构排出，或者阀塞杆向下移动满足阀塞杆上端不高于接水槽底内表面，由该中空的阀塞杆排出接水槽内的水；另一种为，锁止单元和阀单元保持进水和洗涤过程中的状态不变，打开阀塞杆下端连通的排水阀，由该排水阀排水。在脱水过程，锁止单元5和阀单元4同步远离洗涤桶底，洗涤桶1为自由状态，同时排水口3被打开，洗涤桶内的水流入接水槽2内，通过接水槽2另外设置的排水结构排出，或者阀塞杆向下移动满足阀塞杆上端不高于接水槽底内表面，由该中空的阀塞杆排出接水槽内的水。
作为本发明的一种实施方案，如图1所示，本发明所述的洗涤桶1上部设有平衡环15，为了使得受离心力向上爬升的水不从洗涤桶1和平衡环15连接处甩出去导致溅水，平衡环15与洗涤桶1上端密封连接。可采用平衡环15外侧壁与洗涤桶1上端的内周壁之间密封，或者采用平衡环15支撑在洗涤桶1上端沿，两者之间设置为端面密封，或者两组组合，再或者，通过滚压包边的方式，夹设密封圈的方式等实现两者密封。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专利的技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述提示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明方案的范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种洗衣机排水装置，包括，控制洗涤桶转动状态的锁止单元和控制洗涤桶排水口开闭的阀单元，其特征在于：还包括，
    固定座，将锁止单元和阀单元集成为一体结构，锁止单元和阀单元分别可活动地安装在固定座上；
    第一驱动部件，通过第一传动件驱动阀单元运动以密封洗涤桶排水口和/或打开排水口；
    第二驱动部件，通过第二传动件驱动锁止单元运动以阻挡洗涤桶转动和/或解除锁止单元阻挡洗涤桶转动的限制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述第二驱动部件驱动锁止单元阻挡洗涤桶转动的有效动作配置为在第一驱动部件驱动阀单元密封洗涤桶排水口的有效动作之前完成。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述第二驱动部件获得的控制指令时间先于第一驱动部件获得的控制指令时间。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述第一传动件的有效传动行程小于第二传动件的有效传动行程。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述第一/第二传动件包括第一/第二传动轮和第一/第二传动杆，第一/第二传动轮安装在第一/第二驱动部件的输出轴上，第一/第二传动杆一端与第一/第二传动轮偏心活动连接，另一端与阀单元/锁止单元活动连接，第一/第二传动件的有效传动行程包括第一/第二传动轮旋转中心与第一/第二传动杆活动连接位置之间的距离，和第一/第二传动杆两端分别与第一/第二传动轮和阀单元/锁止单元活动连接位置之间的距离。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述的第一传动件的第一传动轮旋转中心与第一传动杆活动连接位置之间的距离小于第二传动件的第二传动轮旋转中心与第二传动杆活动连接位置之间的距离；
    和/或，所述的第一传动件的第一传动杆两端活动连接位置之间的距离小于第二传动件的第二传动杆两端活动连接位置之间的距离。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述锁止单元与洗涤桶锁止位置的最小距离小于阀单元与洗涤桶排水口的最小距离。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：第一驱动部件，通过第一传动 件驱动阀单元在伸出位置和缩回位置之间往返运动，阀单元在伸出位置密封洗涤桶排水口，在缩回位置打开排水口；
    第二驱动部件，通过第二传动件驱动锁止单元在锁止位置和解除位置之间往返运动，锁止单元在锁止位置阻挡洗涤桶转动，在解除位置解除对洗涤桶阻挡转动的限制。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述阀单元在运动至伸出位置密封洗涤桶排水口之前，所述锁止单元先一步运动至锁止位置阻挡洗涤桶转动。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述锁止单元在解除位置解除对洗涤桶阻挡转动的限制时，所述阀单元在缩回位置打开排水口。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述的阀单元包括阀塞和带动阀塞运动的阀塞杆，阀塞杆活动穿过固定座；
    所述的锁止单元包括锁止杆，锁止杆活动穿过固定座，洗涤桶底设有与锁止杆上端部配合的锁止凹部。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的洗衣机排水装置，其特征在于：所述的锁止凹部为锁止孔，或者为设于洗涤桶底部的阻挡部构成用于阻挡锁止杆的限位凹部。
  13. 一种洗衣机，包括外壳，可转动地设置在外壳内的洗涤桶，支撑洗涤桶的接水槽，其特征在于：所述的接水槽安装有如权利要求1-12任一所述的洗衣机排水装置。
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