WO2020074014A1 - Rock structural plane dynamic and cyclic direct shear testing method - Google Patents

Rock structural plane dynamic and cyclic direct shear testing method Download PDF

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WO2020074014A1
WO2020074014A1 PCT/CN2019/113865 CN2019113865W WO2020074014A1 WO 2020074014 A1 WO2020074014 A1 WO 2020074014A1 CN 2019113865 W CN2019113865 W CN 2019113865W WO 2020074014 A1 WO2020074014 A1 WO 2020074014A1
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shear
box
rock mass
structural plane
test
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PCT/CN2019/113865
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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祁生文
郑博文
郭松峰
黄晓林
邹宇
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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所
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Priority to AU2019359149A priority Critical patent/AU2019359149B2/en
Publication of WO2020074014A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020074014A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
    • G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0012—Constant speed test
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0025—Shearing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of rock mass mechanics experiments, in particular to a dynamic circular direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes.
  • the indoor direct shear test of rock mass is convenient to control the loading path, and it is easy to obtain the normal parameters and shear parameters. It is the preferred test method for understanding the shear behavior of rock mass structural plane.
  • the dynamic cyclic direct shear test is carried out on the rock mass structural plane by the dynamic direct shear test equipment of the rock mass structural plane to test the dynamic cyclic shear characteristics of the rock mass structural plane under the action of seismic load. Due to the lack of a complete set of test methods for testing the dynamic shear characteristics of rock mass structural planes, the previous understanding of the dynamic cyclic shear characteristics of rock mass structural planes is inadequate and urgently needs to be deepened.
  • the present invention provides a dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes, which can be applied to the dynamic cyclic direct shear test for rock mass structural planes to achieve different research purposes.
  • a dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for a rock mass structural plane includes two parts: a dynamic direct shear test method for a rock mass structural plane and a cyclic direct shear test method for a rock mass structural plane, the dynamic direct shear test method for the rock mass structural plane includes Rock mass structural plane uniform velocity unidirectional direct shear test method and rock mass structural plane variable speed unidirectional direct shear test method; the rock mass structural plane cyclic direct shear test method includes rock mass structural plane unidirectional cyclic direct shear test method, rock mass Structural plane bidirectional cyclic direct shear test method and rock mass structural plane loading and unloading direct shear test method.
  • steps of the uniform velocity unidirectional direct shear test method of the rock mass structural plane are:
  • the normal load is applied to the rock mass structure surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
  • the shear load pushes the lower shear box at a constant speed by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface until the lower shear box moves to the preset position to stop the test.
  • the moving speed of the shear box depends on the dynamic test requirements; the test data is recorded by the force sensor and displacement sensor during the test.
  • a normal load is applied to the rock mass structural surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
  • the shear load pushes out the lower shear box at a constant shear direction and changing rate by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface until the lower shear box moves to the preset
  • the test is stopped at the position, and the moving rate of the lower shear box is determined according to the dynamic test requirements; during the test, the force sensor and the displacement sensor record test data.
  • a normal load is applied to the rock mass structural surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
  • the shear load pushes the lower shear box with a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface, when the lower shear box moves to At the preset position, the lower shear box is pulled back by controlling the tangential cylinder to be pushed out, and when the lower shear box moves to the displacement zero point with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, the above is repeated
  • the movement process of pushing out and pulling back until the number of movement cycles of the lower shear box reaches a preset value; the test is stopped; the movement rate of the lower shear box is determined according to the dynamic test requirements; the force sensor and The displacement sensor records test data.
  • a normal load is applied to the rock mass structural surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
  • the shear load pushes the lower shear box with a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface, when the lower shear box moves to At the preset position, by controlling the tangential cylinder to pull back the lower shear box from being pushed out, when the lower shear box moves to the preset position with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, pass Control the tangential cylinder to pull out the lower shearing box by pulling back, when the lower shearing box moves to the displacement zero point with a constant shearing direction and a certain speed, repeat the movements of pushing out and pulling back The process stops until the number of movement cycles of the lower shear box reaches a preset value; the movement rate of the lower shear box is determined according to the dynamic test requirements; the test is recorded by the force sensor and the displacement sensor during the test data.
  • steps of the loading and unloading direct shear test method of the rock mass structural plane are:
  • a normal load is applied to the rock mass structural surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
  • the shear load pushes the lower shear box at a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface.
  • the force sensor and The displacement sensor records the test data.
  • the tangential cylinder is controlled to be pulled back from the pushing out to pull down the shear box.
  • the shear load decreases
  • the shear load drops to 1% of the peak value
  • the tangential cylinder is controlled to pull back from the lower shear box, and the lower shear box moves at a constant shear direction and a certain rate.
  • test is stopped when the lower shear box moves to a preset position.
  • the invention can be applied to a rock mass structural plane dynamic direct shear test system to test the dynamic cyclic shear characteristics of the structural plane to achieve different research purposes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of uniform or variable speed one-way direct shear test of a rock mass structural surface in an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the shear displacement and the shear time of the rock mass structure plane uniform speed unidirectional direct shear test in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the shear displacement and the shear time of a variable speed one-way direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional cyclic direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the shear displacement and the shear time in a one-way cyclic direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a two-way cyclic direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between shear displacement and shear time in a bidirectional cyclic direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the shear load and the shear displacement of the rock structure surface in the direct shear test in an embodiment of the present invention
  • the test device used includes a lower shear box with a tangential cylinder and a displacement sensor, and an upper shear box with a normal cylinder and a displacement sensor, and between the normal cylinder and the upper shear box.
  • a force sensor is arranged between the cylinder and the lower shear box.
  • the steps of the rock mass structure plane uniform speed unidirectional direct shear test method are: first, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structure plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then , The shear load pushes the lower shear box 5 at a constant speed by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock mass structural plane 3, which is the upper shear box 2 and the lower shear box 5
  • the contact surface between the rock blocks, the length of the rock block in the upper shear box 2 in the shear direction is less than the rock block in the lower shear 5, the moving speed of the lower shear box 5 is determined according to the dynamic test requirements ,
  • the speed range can be selected from 0.001 to 1000mm / s; the test data is recorded by the force sensor 6 and the displacement sensor 7 during the test; finally, the test is stopped when the lower shear box 5 moves to the preset position, between the preset position and the displacement zero point The distance is between 0 and the difference between the lengths of the rock blocks in
  • the steps of the rock mass structural plane variable speed one-way direct shear test method are as follows: First, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then , The shear load pushes the lower shear box 5 at a constant shearing direction and changing rate by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock mass structural plane 3, and the moving speed of the lower shear box 5 is based on the dynamic test requirements During the test, the test data is recorded by the force sensor 6 and the displacement sensor 7; finally, the test is stopped when the lower shear box 5 moves to the preset position, and the distance between the preset position and the displacement zero point is between 0 and the lower and upper The difference between the lengths of the rock blocks in the shear box and the rock blocks in the upper shear box never leave the surface of the rock blocks in the lower shear box.
  • the steps of the unidirectional cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes are as follows: First, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then , The shear load pushes the lower shear box 5 at a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock structure surface 3, when the lower shear box 5 moves to the preset position, the Control the tangential cylinder 4 to pull back the lower shear box 5 by pushing it out, the distance between the preset position and the displacement zero point is between 0 and the difference between the length of the rock block in the lower and upper shear boxes and the upper shear
  • the rock block in the box never leaves the surface of the rock block in the lower shear box; when the lower shear box 5 moves to the displacement zero point with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, the above-mentioned movement process of pushing out and pulling back is repeated, The movement rate of the
  • the steps of the two-way cyclic direct shear test method for the rock mass structural plane are: first, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then, The shearing load pushes out the lower shearing box 5 at a constant shearing direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock structure surface 3.
  • the moving speed of the lower shear box 5 is based on a dynamic test Depends on requirements; recorded by force sensor 6 and displacement sensor 7 during test Test data; Finally, the test is stopped when the number of movement cycles of the lower shear box 5 reaches a preset value.
  • the steps of the rock body structure plane loading and unloading direct shear test method are: first, the normal load is applied to the rock body structure plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then, The shear load pushes the lower shear box 5 at a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock mass structural plane 3.
  • the force sensor 6 and the displacement sensor 7 record the test data When the shear load reaches the peak value, the tangential cylinder 4 is controlled to be pulled back to pull down the shear box 5.
  • the shear load decreases and when the shear load drops When it reaches 1% of the peak value, the tangential cylinder 4 is controlled to pull back and push out the lower shear box 5.
  • the lower shear box 5 moves at a constant shear direction and a certain rate.
  • the shear load reaches a new peak value

Abstract

A rock structural plane dynamic and cyclic direct shear testing method. Said method comprises two parts, a rock structural plane dynamic direct shear testing method and a rock structural plane cyclic direct shear testing method. Said rock structural plane dynamic direct shear testing method comprises a rock structural plane constant-speed unidirectional direct shear testing method and a rock structural plane variable-speed unidirectional direct shear testing method. Said rock structural plane cyclic direct shear testing method comprises a rock structural plane unidirectional cyclic direct shear testing method, a rock structural plane bidirectional cyclic direct shear testing method, and a rock structural plane loading/unloading direct shear testing method. The rock structural plane dynamic and cyclic direct shear testing method can be used in a rock structural plane dynamic direct shear testing system for testing the dynamic and cyclic direct shear characteristics of a rock structural plane for different research purposes.

Description

一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法Dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural plane 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及岩体力学实验领域，具体涉及一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法。The invention relates to the field of rock mass mechanics experiments, in particular to a dynamic circular direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes.
背景技术Background technique
地震动作用下工程岩体稳定性是工程界和科学界共同关注的焦点问题之一，准确把握岩体结构面的力学性质是进行工程岩体稳定性评价的关键。地震荷载既是动态荷载，也是循环荷载，对于静力条件下稳定的顺倾边坡，在地震荷载的动态循环剪切作用下，结构面强度变化，导致坡体沿结构面发生错动或滑移，进而引发崩塌、滑坡等灾害。因此，岩体结构面在地震动态循环剪切荷载作用下的变形及强度特性是进行工程边坡地震防控中亟待解决的关键问题之一。The stability of engineering rock mass under the action of ground motion is one of the focus issues that the engineering community and the scientific community pay close attention to. Accurately grasping the mechanical properties of rock mass structural plane is the key to the evaluation of engineering rock mass stability. Seismic load is both dynamic load and cyclic load. For a slope along a slope that is stable under static conditions, the strength of the structural plane changes under the dynamic cyclic shear of the seismic load, causing the slope body to move or slip along the structural plane , And then cause disasters such as collapses and landslides. Therefore, the deformation and strength characteristics of rock mass structural planes under the action of seismic dynamic cyclic shear load is one of the key issues to be solved urgently in the engineering slope seismic prevention and control.
岩体室内直剪试验方便控制加载路径，易于获得法向参数和剪切参数，是认识岩体结构面剪切行为的首选试验方法。通过岩体结构面动态直剪测试设备对岩体结构面开展动态循环直剪试验以测试岩体结构面在地震荷载作用下的动态循环剪切特性。由于缺乏成套的测试岩体结构面动力剪切特性的试验方法，因此，前人对岩体结构面的动态循环剪切特性的认识不足，亟待深入。The indoor direct shear test of rock mass is convenient to control the loading path, and it is easy to obtain the normal parameters and shear parameters. It is the preferred test method for understanding the shear behavior of rock mass structural plane. The dynamic cyclic direct shear test is carried out on the rock mass structural plane by the dynamic direct shear test equipment of the rock mass structural plane to test the dynamic cyclic shear characteristics of the rock mass structural plane under the action of seismic load. Due to the lack of a complete set of test methods for testing the dynamic shear characteristics of rock mass structural planes, the previous understanding of the dynamic cyclic shear characteristics of rock mass structural planes is inadequate and urgently needs to be deepened.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法，能够应用于岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验以达到不同的研究目的。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes, which can be applied to the dynamic cyclic direct shear test for rock mass structural planes to achieve different research purposes.
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are:
一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法，该方法包括岩体结构面动态直剪试验方法和岩体结构面循环直剪试验方法两部分，所述岩体结构面动态直剪试验方法包括岩体结构面匀速单向直剪试验方法和岩体结构面变速单向直剪试验方法；所述岩体结构面循环直剪试验方法包括岩体结构面单向循环直剪试验方法、岩体结构面双向循环直剪试验方法和岩体结构面加卸载直剪试验方法。A dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for a rock mass structural plane, the method includes two parts: a dynamic direct shear test method for a rock mass structural plane and a cyclic direct shear test method for a rock mass structural plane, the dynamic direct shear test method for the rock mass structural plane includes Rock mass structural plane uniform velocity unidirectional direct shear test method and rock mass structural plane variable speed unidirectional direct shear test method; the rock mass structural plane cyclic direct shear test method includes rock mass structural plane unidirectional cyclic direct shear test method, rock mass Structural plane bidirectional cyclic direct shear test method and rock mass structural plane loading and unloading direct shear test method.
进一步地，所述岩体结构面匀速单向直剪试验方法的步骤为：Further, the steps of the uniform velocity unidirectional direct shear test method of the rock mass structural plane are:
首先，法向荷载通过控制法向油缸和上剪切盒施加于岩体结构面上；First, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structure surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
然后，剪切荷载通过控制切向油缸以恒定的速度推出下剪切盒并进而作用于所述岩体结构面上，直至所述下剪切盒移动至预设位置时停止试验，所述下剪切盒的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由力传感器和位移传感器记录试验数据。Then, the shear load pushes the lower shear box at a constant speed by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface until the lower shear box moves to the preset position to stop the test. The moving speed of the shear box depends on the dynamic test requirements; the test data is recorded by the force sensor and displacement sensor during the test.
进一步地，所述岩体结构面变速单向直剪试验方法的步骤为：Further, the steps of the rock mass structural plane variable speed unidirectional direct shear test method are:
首先，法向荷载通过控制所述法向油缸和所述上剪切盒施加于所述岩体结构面上；First, a normal load is applied to the rock mass structural surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
然后，剪切荷载通过控制所述切向油缸以恒定的剪切方向和变化的速率推出所述下剪切盒并进而作用于所述岩体结构面上，直至下剪切盒移动至预设位置时停止试验，所述下剪切盒的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由所述力传感器和所述位移传感器记录试验数据。Then, the shear load pushes out the lower shear box at a constant shear direction and changing rate by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface until the lower shear box moves to the preset The test is stopped at the position, and the moving rate of the lower shear box is determined according to the dynamic test requirements; during the test, the force sensor and the displacement sensor record test data.
进一步地，所述岩体结构面单向循环直剪试验方法的步骤为：Further, the steps of the unidirectional cyclic direct shear test method of the rock mass structural plane are:
首先，法向荷载通过控制所述法向油缸和所述上剪切盒施加于所述岩体结构面上；First, a normal load is applied to the rock mass structural surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
然后，剪切荷载通过控制所述切向油缸以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出所述下剪切盒并进而作用于所述岩体结构面上，当所述下剪切盒移动至预设位置时，通过控制所述切向油缸由推出转而回拉所述下剪切盒，当所述下剪切盒以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至位移零点时，重复上述推出和回拉的运动过程，直至下剪切盒的移动循环次数达到预设值时停止试验；所述下剪切盒的 移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由所述力传感器和所述位移传感器记录试验数据。Then, the shear load pushes the lower shear box with a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface, when the lower shear box moves to At the preset position, the lower shear box is pulled back by controlling the tangential cylinder to be pushed out, and when the lower shear box moves to the displacement zero point with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, the above is repeated The movement process of pushing out and pulling back until the number of movement cycles of the lower shear box reaches a preset value; the test is stopped; the movement rate of the lower shear box is determined according to the dynamic test requirements; the force sensor and The displacement sensor records test data.
进一步地，所述岩体结构面双向循环直剪试验方法的步骤为：Further, the steps of the bidirectional cyclic direct shear test method of the rock mass structural plane are:
首先，法向荷载通过控制所述法向油缸和所述上剪切盒施加于所述岩体结构面上；First, a normal load is applied to the rock mass structural surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
然后，剪切荷载通过控制所述切向油缸以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出所述下剪切盒并进而作用于所述岩体结构面上，当所述下剪切盒移动至预设位置时，通过控制所述切向油缸由推出转而回拉所述下剪切盒，当所述下剪切盒以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至预设位置时，通过控制所述切向油缸由回拉转而推出所述下剪切盒，当所述下剪切盒以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至位移零点时，重复上述推出和回拉的运动过程，直至下剪切盒的移动循环次数达到预设值时停止试验；所述下剪切盒的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由所述力传感器和所述位移传感器记录试验数据。Then, the shear load pushes the lower shear box with a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface, when the lower shear box moves to At the preset position, by controlling the tangential cylinder to pull back the lower shear box from being pushed out, when the lower shear box moves to the preset position with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, pass Control the tangential cylinder to pull out the lower shearing box by pulling back, when the lower shearing box moves to the displacement zero point with a constant shearing direction and a certain speed, repeat the movements of pushing out and pulling back The process stops until the number of movement cycles of the lower shear box reaches a preset value; the movement rate of the lower shear box is determined according to the dynamic test requirements; the test is recorded by the force sensor and the displacement sensor during the test data.
进一步地，所述岩体结构面加卸载直剪试验方法的步骤为：Further, the steps of the loading and unloading direct shear test method of the rock mass structural plane are:
首先，法向荷载通过控制所述法向油缸和所述上剪切盒施加于所述岩体结构面上；First, a normal load is applied to the rock mass structural surface by controlling the normal oil cylinder and the upper shear box;
然后，剪切荷载通过控制所述切向油缸以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出所述下剪切盒并进而作用于所述岩体结构面上，试验过程中由所述力传感器和位移传感器记录试验数据，当剪切荷载达到峰值后，控制所述切向油缸由推出转而回拉下剪切盒，所述下剪切盒以某一速率回拉时，剪切荷载减小，当剪切荷载下降到峰值的1％时，控制所述切向油缸由回拉转而推出所述下剪切盒，所述下剪切盒以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动，当剪切荷载达到新的峰值后重复上述回拉和推出过程，每次所述下剪切盒被推出时的剪切变形都大于前次推出时的剪切变形；Then, the shear load pushes the lower shear box at a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder and then acts on the rock structure surface. During the test, the force sensor and The displacement sensor records the test data. When the shear load reaches the peak value, the tangential cylinder is controlled to be pulled back from the pushing out to pull down the shear box. When the lower shear box is pulled back at a certain rate, the shear load decreases When the shear load drops to 1% of the peak value, the tangential cylinder is controlled to pull back from the lower shear box, and the lower shear box moves at a constant shear direction and a certain rate. When the shear load reaches a new peak value, the above-mentioned pull-back and push-out process is repeated, and the shear deformation each time the lower shear box is pushed out is greater than the shear deformation of the previous push-out;
最后，当所述下剪切盒移动至预设位置时停止试验。Finally, the test is stopped when the lower shear box moves to a preset position.
本发明可应用于岩体结构面动态直剪试验系统测试结构面动态循环剪切 特性以达到不同的研究目的。The invention can be applied to a rock mass structural plane dynamic direct shear test system to test the dynamic cyclic shear characteristics of the structural plane to achieve different research purposes.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1为本发明一种实施例中岩体结构面匀速或变速单向直剪试验示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of uniform or variable speed one-way direct shear test of a rock mass structural surface in an embodiment of the invention;
图2为本发明一种实施例中岩体结构面匀速单向直剪试验剪切位移与剪切时间关系示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the shear displacement and the shear time of the rock mass structure plane uniform speed unidirectional direct shear test in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明一种实施例中岩体结构面变速单向直剪试验剪切位移与剪切时间关系示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the shear displacement and the shear time of a variable speed one-way direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明一种实施例中岩体结构面单向循环直剪试验示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional cyclic direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明一种实施例中岩体结构面单向循环直剪试验剪切位移与剪切时间关系示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the shear displacement and the shear time in a one-way cyclic direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明一种实施例中岩体结构面双向循环直剪试验示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of a two-way cyclic direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明一种实施例中岩体结构面双向循环直剪试验剪切位移与剪切时间关系示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between shear displacement and shear time in a bidirectional cyclic direct shear test of a rock mass structural plane in an embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明一种实施例中岩体结构面加卸载直剪试验剪切荷载与剪切位移关系示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the shear load and the shear displacement of the rock structure surface in the direct shear test in an embodiment of the present invention;
图中：1-法向油缸；2-上剪切盒；3-岩体结构面；4-切向油缸；5-下剪切盒；6-力传感器；7-位移传感器。In the picture: 1-normal oil cylinder; 2-upper shear box; 3-rock mass structural plane; 4-tangential oil cylinder; 5-lower shear box; 6-force sensor; 7-displacement sensor.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
以下实施例中，所使用的试验装置包括附带切向油缸、位移传感器的下剪切盒和附带法向油缸、位移传感器的上剪切盒，且法向油缸与上剪切盒之间、 切向油缸与下剪切盒之间均设有力传感器。In the following embodiments, the test device used includes a lower shear box with a tangential cylinder and a displacement sensor, and an upper shear box with a normal cylinder and a displacement sensor, and between the normal cylinder and the upper shear box. A force sensor is arranged between the cylinder and the lower shear box.
实施例1Example 1
请参考图1和图2，岩体结构面匀速单向直剪试验方法的步骤为：首先，法向荷载通过控制法向油缸1和上剪切盒2施加于岩体结构面3上；然后，剪切荷载通过控制切向油缸4以恒定的速度推出下剪切盒5并进而作用于岩体结构面3上，岩体结构面3为上剪切盒2与下剪切盒5内的岩石块体之间的接触面，上剪切盒2内的岩石块体沿剪切方向的长度小于下剪切5内的岩石块体，下剪切盒5的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定，速率范围可选择0.001～1000mm/s；试验过程中由力传感器6和位移传感器7记录试验数据；最后，当下剪切盒5移动至预设位置时停止试验，预设位置和位移零点间的距离介于0值和下、上剪切盒内岩石块体长度差值之间且上剪切盒内的岩石块体始终不脱离下剪切盒内的岩石块体表面。Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the steps of the rock mass structure plane uniform speed unidirectional direct shear test method are: first, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structure plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then , The shear load pushes the lower shear box 5 at a constant speed by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock mass structural plane 3, which is the upper shear box 2 and the lower shear box 5 The contact surface between the rock blocks, the length of the rock block in the upper shear box 2 in the shear direction is less than the rock block in the lower shear 5, the moving speed of the lower shear box 5 is determined according to the dynamic test requirements , The speed range can be selected from 0.001 to 1000mm / s; the test data is recorded by the force sensor 6 and the displacement sensor 7 during the test; finally, the test is stopped when the lower shear box 5 moves to the preset position, between the preset position and the displacement zero point The distance is between 0 and the difference between the lengths of the rock blocks in the lower and upper shear boxes and the rock blocks in the upper shear box never leave the surface of the rock blocks in the lower shear box.
实施例2Example 2
请参考图1和图3，岩体结构面变速单向直剪试验方法的步骤为：首先，法向荷载通过控制法向油缸1和上剪切盒2施加于岩体结构面3上；然后，剪切荷载通过控制切向油缸4以恒定的剪切方向和变化的速率推出下剪切盒5并进而作用于岩体结构面3上，下剪切盒5的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由力传感器6和位移传感器7记录试验数据；最后，当下剪切盒5移动至预设位置时停止试验，预设位置和位移零点间的距离介于0值和下、上剪切盒内岩石块体长度差值之间且上剪切盒内的岩石块体始终不脱离下剪切盒内的岩石块体表面。Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the steps of the rock mass structural plane variable speed one-way direct shear test method are as follows: First, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then , The shear load pushes the lower shear box 5 at a constant shearing direction and changing rate by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock mass structural plane 3, and the moving speed of the lower shear box 5 is based on the dynamic test requirements During the test, the test data is recorded by the force sensor 6 and the displacement sensor 7; finally, the test is stopped when the lower shear box 5 moves to the preset position, and the distance between the preset position and the displacement zero point is between 0 and the lower and upper The difference between the lengths of the rock blocks in the shear box and the rock blocks in the upper shear box never leave the surface of the rock blocks in the lower shear box.
实施例3Example 3
请参考图4和图5，岩体结构面单向循环直剪试验方法的步骤为：首先，法向荷载通过控制法向油缸1和上剪切盒2施加于岩体结构面3上；然后，剪 切荷载通过控制切向油缸4以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出下剪切盒5并进而作用于岩体结构面3上，当下剪切盒5移动至预设位置时，通过控制切向油缸4由推出转而回拉下剪切盒5，预设位置和位移零点间的距离介于0值和下、上剪切盒内岩石块体长度差值之间且上剪切盒内的岩石块体始终不脱离下剪切盒内的岩石块体表面；当下剪切盒5以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至位移零点时重复上述推出和回拉的运动过程，下剪切盒5的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由力传感器6和位移传感器7记录试验数据；最后，当下剪切盒5的移动循环次数达到预设值时停止试验。Please refer to FIGS. 4 and 5, the steps of the unidirectional cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes are as follows: First, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then , The shear load pushes the lower shear box 5 at a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock structure surface 3, when the lower shear box 5 moves to the preset position, the Control the tangential cylinder 4 to pull back the lower shear box 5 by pushing it out, the distance between the preset position and the displacement zero point is between 0 and the difference between the length of the rock block in the lower and upper shear boxes and the upper shear The rock block in the box never leaves the surface of the rock block in the lower shear box; when the lower shear box 5 moves to the displacement zero point with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, the above-mentioned movement process of pushing out and pulling back is repeated, The movement rate of the lower shear box 5 is determined according to the dynamic test requirements; during the test, the force sensor 6 and the displacement sensor 7 record the test data; finally, the test is stopped when the number of movement cycles of the lower shear box 5 reaches the preset value.
实施例4Example 4
请参考图6和图7，岩体结构面双向循环直剪试验方法的步骤为：首先，法向荷载通过控制法向油缸1和上剪切盒2施加于岩体结构面3上；然后，剪切荷载通过控制切向油缸4以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出下剪切盒5并进而作用于岩体结构面3上，当下剪切盒5移动至预设位置时，通过控制切向油缸4由推出转而回拉下剪切盒5，预设位置和位移零点间的距离介于0值和下、上剪切盒内岩石块体长度差值之间且上剪切盒内的岩石块体始终不脱离下剪切盒内的岩石块体表面；当下剪切盒5以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至预设位置时，通过控制切向油缸4由回拉转而推出下剪切盒5，当下剪切盒5以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至位移零点时重复上述推出和回拉的运动过程，下剪切盒5的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由力传感器6和位移传感器7记录试验数据；最后，当下剪切盒5的移动循环次数达到预设值时停止试验。6 and 7, the steps of the two-way cyclic direct shear test method for the rock mass structural plane are: first, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then, The shearing load pushes out the lower shearing box 5 at a constant shearing direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock structure surface 3. When the lower shearing box 5 moves to the preset position, it is controlled by The tangential cylinder 4 is pulled back to pull the lower shear box 5, the distance between the preset position and the displacement zero point is between 0 and the difference between the length of the rock blocks in the lower and upper shear boxes, and the upper shear box The rock block inside never leaves the surface of the rock block in the lower shear box; when the lower shear box 5 moves to a preset position with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, it is pulled back by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 The lower shear box 5 is pushed out in turn. When the lower shear box 5 moves to the displacement zero point with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, the movement process of pushing out and pulling back is repeated. The moving speed of the lower shear box 5 is based on a dynamic test Depends on requirements; recorded by force sensor 6 and displacement sensor 7 during test Test data; Finally, the test is stopped when the number of movement cycles of the lower shear box 5 reaches a preset value.
实施例5Example 5
请参考图4和图8，岩体结构面加卸载直剪试验方法的步骤为：首先，法向荷载通过控制法向油缸1和上剪切盒2施加于岩体结构面3上；然后，剪切 荷载通过控制切向油缸4以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出下剪切盒5并进而作用于岩体结构面3上，试验过程中由力传感器6和位移传感器7记录试验数据，当剪切荷载达到峰值后，控制切向油缸4由推出转而回拉下剪切盒5，当下剪切盒5以某一速率回拉时，剪切荷载减小，当剪切荷载下降到峰值的1％时，控制切向油缸4由回拉转而推出下剪切盒5，下剪切盒5以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动，当剪切荷载达到新的峰值后重复上述回拉和推出过程，每次下剪切盒5被推出时的剪切变形都大于前次推出时的剪切变形；最后，当下剪切盒5移动至预设位置时停止试验。Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 8, the steps of the rock body structure plane loading and unloading direct shear test method are: first, the normal load is applied to the rock body structure plane 3 by controlling the normal cylinder 1 and the upper shear box 2; then, The shear load pushes the lower shear box 5 at a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder 4 and then acts on the rock mass structural plane 3. During the test, the force sensor 6 and the displacement sensor 7 record the test data When the shear load reaches the peak value, the tangential cylinder 4 is controlled to be pulled back to pull down the shear box 5. When the lower shear box 5 is pulled back at a certain rate, the shear load decreases and when the shear load drops When it reaches 1% of the peak value, the tangential cylinder 4 is controlled to pull back and push out the lower shear box 5. The lower shear box 5 moves at a constant shear direction and a certain rate. When the shear load reaches a new peak value Repeating the above-mentioned process of pulling back and pushing out, the shear deformation when the lower shear box 5 is pushed out is greater than the shear deformation when it was pushed out last time; finally, the test is stopped when the lower shear box 5 moves to the preset position.
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims (6)

  1. 一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法，其特征在于，该方法包括岩体结构面动态直剪试验方法和岩体结构面循环直剪试验方法两部分，所述岩体结构面动态直剪试验方法包括岩体结构面匀速单向直剪试验方法和岩体结构面变速单向直剪试验方法；所述岩体结构面循环直剪试验方法包括岩体结构面单向循环直剪试验方法、岩体结构面双向循环直剪试验方法和岩体结构面加卸载直剪试验方法。A dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes, characterized in that the method includes two parts: a dynamic direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes and a cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes. The shear test method includes the rock mass structural plane uniform velocity unidirectional direct shear test method and the rock mass structural plane variable speed unidirectional direct shear test method; the rock mass structural plane cyclic direct shear test method includes the rock mass structural plane unidirectional cyclic direct shear test Method, bidirectional cyclic direct shear test method of rock mass structural plane and direct shear test method of rock mass structural plane loading and unloading.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法，其特征在于，所述岩体结构面匀速单向直剪试验方法的步骤为：The dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural plane according to claim 1, wherein the steps of the uniform velocity unidirectional direct shear test method for rock mass structural plane are:
    首先，法向荷载通过控制法向油缸(1)和上剪切盒(2)施加于岩体结构面(3)上；First, the normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane (3) through the control normal cylinder (1) and the upper shear box (2);
    然后，剪切荷载通过控制切向油缸(4)以恒定的速度推出下剪切盒(5)并进而作用于所述岩体结构面(3)上，直至所述下剪切盒(5)移动至预设位置时停止试验，所述下剪切盒(5)的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由力传感器(6)和位移传感器(7)记录试验数据。Then, the shear load pushes out the lower shear box (5) at a constant speed by controlling the tangential cylinder (4) and then acts on the rock structure surface (3) until the lower shear box (5) The test is stopped when moving to a preset position, and the moving rate of the lower shear box (5) is determined according to dynamic test requirements; during the test, the force sensor (6) and the displacement sensor (7) record the test data.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法，其特征在于，所述岩体结构面变速单向直剪试验方法的步骤为：The dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps of the variable speed unidirectional direct shear test method for rock mass structural planes are:
    首先，法向荷载通过控制所述法向油缸(1)和所述上剪切盒(2)施加于所述岩体结构面(3)上；First, normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane (3) by controlling the normal oil cylinder (1) and the upper shear box (2);
    然后，剪切荷载通过控制所述切向油缸(4)以恒定的剪切方向和变化的速率推出所述下剪切盒(5)并进而作用于所述岩体结构面(3)上，直至下剪切盒(5)移动至预设位置时停止试验，所述下剪切盒(5)的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由所述力传感器(6)和所述位移传感器(7)记录试验数据。Then, the shear load pushes the lower shear box (5) at a constant shearing direction and changing rate by controlling the tangential cylinder (4), and then acts on the rock structure surface (3), The test is stopped until the lower shear box (5) moves to a preset position, and the moving rate of the lower shear box (5) is determined according to dynamic test requirements; during the test, the force sensor (6) and the The displacement sensor (7) records the test data.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法，其特征 在于，所述岩体结构面单向循环直剪试验方法的步骤为：The dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural plane according to claim 1, wherein the steps of the unidirectional cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural plane are:
    首先，法向荷载通过控制所述法向油缸(1)和所述上剪切盒(2)施加于所述岩体结构面(3)上；First, normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane (3) by controlling the normal oil cylinder (1) and the upper shear box (2);
    然后，剪切荷载通过控制所述切向油缸(4)以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出所述下剪切盒(5)并进而作用于所述岩体结构面(3)上，当所述下剪切盒(5)移动至预设位置时，通过控制所述切向油缸(4)由推出转而回拉所述下剪切盒(5)，当所述下剪切盒(5)以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至位移零点时，重复上述推出和回拉的运动过程，直至下剪切盒(5)的移动循环次数达到预设值时停止试验；所述下剪切盒(5)的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由所述力传感器(6)和所述位移传感器(7)记录试验数据。Then, the shear load pushes the lower shear box (5) with a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder (4), and then acts on the rock structure surface (3), When the lower shearing box (5) moves to a preset position, the lower shearing box (5) is pulled back by controlling the tangential cylinder (4) to rotate from being pushed out, when the lower shearing box (5) (5) When moving to the displacement zero point with a constant shearing direction and a certain rate, repeat the above-mentioned movement process of pushing out and pulling back until the number of movement cycles of the lower shearing box (5) reaches the preset value; stop the test; The moving speed of the shear box (5) is determined according to dynamic test requirements; during the test, the force sensor (6) and the displacement sensor (7) record test data.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法，其特征在于，所述岩体结构面双向循环直剪试验方法的步骤为：The dynamic cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural plane according to claim 1, wherein the steps of the bidirectional cyclic direct shear test method for rock mass structural plane are:
    首先，法向荷载通过控制所述法向油缸(1)和所述上剪切盒(2)施加于所述岩体结构面(3)上；First, normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane (3) by controlling the normal oil cylinder (1) and the upper shear box (2);
    然后，剪切荷载通过控制所述切向油缸(4)以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出所述下剪切盒(5)并进而作用于所述岩体结构面(3)上，当所述下剪切盒(5)移动至预设位置时，通过控制所述切向油缸(4)由推出转而回拉所述下剪切盒(5)，当所述下剪切盒(5)以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至预设位置时，通过控制所述切向油缸(4)由回拉转而推出所述下剪切盒(5)，当所述下剪切盒(5)以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动至位移零点时，重复上述推出和回拉的运动过程，直至下剪切盒(5)的移动循环次数达到预设值时停止试验；所述下剪切盒(5)的移动速率根据动态试验要求而定；试验过程中由所述力传感器(6)和所述位移传感器(7)记录试验数据。Then, the shear load pushes the lower shear box (5) with a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder (4), and then acts on the rock structure surface (3), When the lower shearing box (5) moves to a preset position, the lower shearing box (5) is pulled back by controlling the tangential cylinder (4) to rotate from being pushed out, when the lower shearing box (5) (5) When moving to the preset position with a constant shearing direction and a certain speed, the lower shearing box (5) is pushed out by controlling the tangential oil cylinder (4) to rotate from being pulled back. When the shear box (5) moves to the displacement zero point with a constant shear direction and a certain rate, repeat the movement process of pushing out and pulling back until the number of movement cycles of the lower shear box (5) reaches the preset value. Test; the moving rate of the lower shear box (5) is determined according to the dynamic test requirements; during the test, test data is recorded by the force sensor (6) and the displacement sensor (7).
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种岩体结构面动态循环直剪试验方法，其特征在于，所述岩体结构面加卸载直剪试验方法的步骤为：The method for dynamic cyclic direct shear test of rock structure surface according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps of the loading and unloading direct shear test method for the rock structure surface are:
    首先，法向荷载通过控制所述法向油缸(1)和所述上剪切盒(2)施加于所述岩体结构面(3)上；First, normal load is applied to the rock mass structural plane (3) by controlling the normal oil cylinder (1) and the upper shear box (2);
    然后，剪切荷载通过控制所述切向油缸(4)以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率推出所述下剪切盒(5)并进而作用于所述岩体结构面(3)上，试验过程中由所述力传感器(6)和所述位移传感器(7)记录试验数据，当剪切荷载达到峰值后，控制所述切向油缸(4)由推出转而回拉下剪切盒(5)，当下剪切盒(5)以某一速率回拉时，剪切荷载减小，当剪切荷载下降到峰值的1％时，控制所述切向油缸(4)由回拉转而推出所述下剪切盒(5)，所述下剪切盒(5)以恒定的剪切方向和某一速率移动，当剪切荷载达到新的峰值后重复上述回拉和推出过程，每次所述下剪切盒(5)被推出时的剪切变形都大于前次推出时的剪切变形；Then, the shear load pushes the lower shear box (5) with a constant shear direction and a certain rate by controlling the tangential cylinder (4), and then acts on the rock structure surface (3), During the test, the force sensor (6) and the displacement sensor (7) record the test data. When the shear load reaches the peak value, the tangential cylinder (4) is controlled to be pulled out and pulled back to the shear box (5) When the lower shear box (5) is pulled back at a certain rate, the shear load is reduced, and when the shear load drops to 1% of the peak value, the tangential cylinder (4) is controlled to rotate from the pull back While pushing out the lower shear box (5), the lower shear box (5) moves at a constant shearing direction and a certain rate, and when the shear load reaches a new peak, the above-mentioned pull-back and pushing-out processes are repeated, Each time the lower shear box (5) is pushed out, the shear deformation is larger than the shear deformation when pushed out the previous time;
    最后，当所述下剪切盒(5)移动至预设位置时停止试验。Finally, when the lower shear box (5) moves to a preset position, the test is stopped.
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