WO2020069881A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un produit plat en métal résistant à la fissuration et pièce ou objet semi-fini résistant à la fissuration - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un produit plat en métal résistant à la fissuration et pièce ou objet semi-fini résistant à la fissuration

Info

Publication number
WO2020069881A1
WO2020069881A1 PCT/EP2019/075270 EP2019075270W WO2020069881A1 WO 2020069881 A1 WO2020069881 A1 WO 2020069881A1 EP 2019075270 W EP2019075270 W EP 2019075270W WO 2020069881 A1 WO2020069881 A1 WO 2020069881A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
areas
flat metal
metal product
strength
crack
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/075270
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Ulrichs
Christian Höckling
Jens-Ulrik Becker
Helmut Richter
Magnus Miller
Original Assignee
Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag
Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag, Thyssenkrupp Ag filed Critical Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag
Publication of WO2020069881A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020069881A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H8/00—Rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects, e.g. checkered sheets
    • B21H8/005—Embossing sheets or rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a crack-resistant flat metal product, in particular with a flat surface, the flat metal product being provided, in particular by locally solidifying the flat metal product, with regions of higher and lower strength that alternate with one another.
  • Another object of the invention is a crack-resistant workpiece or semi-finished product, which in particular has alternating areas of higher and lower strength and for which a use is indicated.
  • cracks can form on the one hand when a critical load limit is exceeded or, over time, under continuous cyclical load in the form of so-called fatigue cracks.
  • a crack develops over time, two phases can be distinguished, crack formation and crack propagation.
  • the cracking takes place in the microstructure of the material and is triggered by a local concentration of mechanical stresses, such as occurs in the vicinity of structural inhomogeneities or in regions with a high defect or dislocation density.
  • the resulting microcracks lead to a further concentration of mechanical stresses and grow into a macrocrack, the further development of which is increasingly determined by the macroscopic structure of the material.
  • the high stresses that form at the tip of the crack cause the material to tear further and further, so that the crack spreads faster and faster into the material, thereby damaging or even destroying the material Component leads.
  • the present invention is based on a method for structuring a flat metal product. Such processes are used in a wide variety of forms in the production processes of metal products.
  • a method is known from DE 10 2016 103 539 A1, for example, in which a multi-dimensionally structured, deep-drawing metal flat product is produced by rolling from a preliminary product. The structure is are treated in such a way that zones arise in which the state of the structure differs from the structural state of adjacent zones.
  • DE 10 2017 108 837 A1 and DE 10 2017 212 814 A1 disclose methods for producing flat metal products, the flat metal products being provided with areas of higher and lower strength by local thermal action.
  • the present invention is based on the object of preventing or reducing the growth of microcracks and the spreading of macrocracks by suitable structuring of the material.
  • This object is achieved by a method for producing a crack-resistant flat metal product, in particular with a flat surface, the flat metal product, in particular by locally solidifying the flat metal product, being provided with alternating regions of higher and lower strength, regions with a lower strength have an extension of 0.01 mm to 10.0 mm, in particular the areas of higher strength defining a matrix which essentially surrounds the areas of lower strength.
  • the method according to the invention produces a structuring of the flat metal product with an in particular flat surface, which is characterized by areas with an extension which is of decisive relevance for the growth or spreading of material cracks.
  • Smaller cracks initially only grow slowly and, during their irregular growth, essentially follow the local microstructure of the material, as dictated, for example, by the grain boundaries of the structure. Only with increasing size does the increasing concentration of mechanical stresses at the crack tip develop a more regular and faster dynamic.
  • the structure according to the invention consisting of areas of higher and lower strength, serves to influence the course of the crack during this critical transition to crack propagation in such a way that further growth or spreading is prevented or at least delayed.
  • the extension of 0.01 to 10.0 mm is given by the greatest distance between two adjacent areas of higher strength, so that it is ensured in this way that a crack can grow to the maximum length without extending to a higher area To meet firmness. This length is referred to below as the “critical” crack length. If the crack tip hits an area of higher strength, it is either completely blocked or at least deflected, so that further spreading is effectively prevented.
  • the structure of areas of higher and lower strength can be produced by locally strengthening the metal.
  • it is also conceivable to achieve such an effect for crack propagation by locally reducing the strength or by locally increasing the ductility. It is essential for the desired technical effect to surround the crack with barriers that prevent it from spreading and thus to prevent it from growing or spreading further. It is also conceivable to achieve this effect by locally hardening or locally reducing the hardness.
  • the areas alternate in the lateral direction, i.e. parallel to the surface of the flat metal product.
  • the areas of higher and lower strength can extend over the entire thickness of the metal flat product or can also form a sequence of firmer and less firm areas with respect to depth. It is also possible that the areas only extend slightly in depth, so that crack propagation along the surface can be specifically avoided.
  • Areas of higher strength have a higher hardness than areas of lower strength, so that in the flat metal product there is a varying strength or hardness in its longitudinal and transverse extension.
  • the hardness can be determined according to the relevant DIN standards.
  • the areas of higher strength preferably have a hardness which, based on the hardness of the areas with lower strength, is at least 5% higher, particularly preferably is at least 10% higher, in particular is at least 15% higher.
  • the areas with lower strength have an extension of 0.05 mm to 5.0 mm, in particular 0.05 mm to 3.0 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 2.0, particularly preferably from 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm.
  • the areas of higher and lower strength are generated by solidifying by means of blasting, for example shot peening.
  • blasting for example shot peening.
  • the impact of strongly accelerated macroscopic particles creates defects in the material which are caused by the internal stresses lead to increased strength.
  • the local solidification is preferably generated by mechanical and / or thermal treatment. Such an effect can also be achieved using methods known to those skilled in the art, such as laser peening or laser shock peening.
  • a targeted local introduction of energy into the flat metal product can take place, for example, in the form of radiation, in particular focused radiation.
  • Conceivable processes include bombardment with laser or electron radiation or local plasma treatment.
  • the solidification can be produced by bombardment with an ion beam.
  • the flat metal product in particular by roller stamping, is provided with a surface structure comprising depressions and elevations, and in a second step, the structure of the flat metal product is homogenized by thermal treatment, and in a third step, the surface structure is leveled by flat rolling Surface made.
  • the local solidification according to the invention is achieved by the plastic deformation of the surface structure, in particular by a plastic deformation of the elevations.
  • the desired surface topography is created from surveys and recesses, whereby the skilled person has a wide variety of methodological options available for this.
  • the surface structure is preferably produced by plastic deformation, for example by embossing.
  • Alternative options are the removal of material by means of mechanical processing, by melting or eroding.
  • the surface structure can be created solely by the formation of depressions, the elevations being formed by the non-recessed areas. Conversely, the surface structure can also be produced by creating local elevations, the valleys in between forming the corresponding depressions. Elevations of this type can be generated by applying material, for example by suitably chosen coating processes or build-up welding, with which the desired structure size can be realized. With the alternative possibilities mentioned, the second step of the thermal treatment can be omitted. A combination of material application, material removal and / or plastic deformation is also possible.
  • the stamping depth is preferably 5 to 40 percent, preferably 10 to 20 percent, of the wall thickness of the flat metal product.
  • the structure is homogenized in the second process step by heating, as a result of which the material properties of the raised and lowered areas are preferably matched to one another.
  • the surface structure is finally flat-rolled, the desired areas of increased strength resulting from the plastic deformation, in particular the elevations.
  • adjacent areas of lower strength have a characteristic distance of 0.005 mm to 5.0 mm, in particular 0.025 mm to 2.5 mm, preferably 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the characteristic distance particularly preferably corresponds to a maximum of half the extension or a maximum of half the length of the extension of the region with lower strength.
  • the surface structure is formed by groove-shaped depressions and rib-shaped elevations.
  • the crack-inhibiting effect according to the invention is realized by an appropriately selected spacing of the grooves or ribs.
  • the ribs and / or the grooves preferably have a meandering course perpendicular to the direction of the spacing, in order to prevent the direction of the grooves / ribs from giving a preferred direction for the crack propagation.
  • the surface structure is formed by recesses arranged in a grid-like manner, which are separated from one another by a network of web-like elevations.
  • each recess is completely enclosed by a web-like elevation. It is thereby achieved that the areas of lower strength which have formed after the homogenization and the final flat rolling are correspondingly completely enclosed by an area of higher strength which defines the matrix. In this way it is advantageous ensures that a crack that has formed in the area with the lower strength inevitably meets a barrier of solidified material as it continues to grow, and is thus effectively prevented from further growth.
  • the depressions and elevations form a uniform grid, in particular a square or hexagonal grid.
  • a transition between the depressions and elevations is formed by obliquely rising flanks.
  • flanks can be generated, for example, by an appropriately selected embossing pattern, it being possible for the slope of the embossing pattern to be symmetrical or also asymmetrical. The latter possibility can be used, for example, for a rolling process to compensate for an asymmetrical (i.e. asymmetrical with respect to the rolling direction) material displacement.
  • the flanks can advantageously ensure that the surface structure is evenly leveled during the subsequent flat rolling without material being pushed over one another under the pressure exerted.
  • the flat rolling of the particularly inclined flanks creates, for example, transition areas between the areas of higher and lower strength.
  • the bevel of the flanks (flank slope, slope angle) and especially in connection with the embossing depth result in a width of the transition area.
  • the transition between the depressions and flanks and / or between the flanks and elevations is formed by rounded edges.
  • the radii have a size of 10 to 200 percent, preferably 100 percent, of the embossing depth.
  • a cumulative area share of the areas with lower strength in the total area of the flat metal product is set from 10% to 40%, in particular 12% to 35%, preferably from 15% to 30%, the rest of the area share through the areas with higher strength (matrix) and optionally through the transition areas.
  • the optional transfer Corridors can have a cumulative area share between 0% and 40%, in particular 5% and 35%, preferably between 10% and 30%.
  • the first and second steps are carried out essentially simultaneously, in particular by hot rolling embossing.
  • the generation of the depressions and elevations can advantageously be combined with the homogenization of the material in a single step.
  • the flat metal product is coated with an inorganic or organic coating, in particular with a corrosion protection coating, and / or before the first step a pickling treatment of the flat metal product is carried out.
  • the initial pickling treatment allows scale residues to be removed from the surface, so that their disruptive influences on the further manufacturing process are advantageously avoided.
  • a crack-resistant workpiece or semifinished product is also proposed, in particular having alternating regions of higher and lower strength, the regions with lower strength having an extent of 0.01 mm to 10.0 mm. Because the structure, in particular from alternating areas of higher and lower strength, has an extension that is specifically aimed at the critical crack length at which crack growth begins, the workpiece or semifinished product has the advantages set out at the outset in relation to the method according to the invention .
  • a cumulative area share of the areas of lower strength in the total area of the workpiece or semi-finished product is set from 10% to 40%, in particular 12% to 35%, preferably from 15% to 30%, the rest of the area share being represented by areas of higher strength or is formed by the area of higher strength (matrix) and optionally by transition areas.
  • the optional transition areas can have a cumulative area share between 0% and 40%, in particular 5% and 35%, preferably between 10% and 30%.
  • the workpiece or semifinished product produced according to the invention is preferably suitable for the production of components with high demands on operational strength. Preferably he follows the production of the components by means of cold forming.
  • the components can be used in road and / or rail-bound vehicle construction, for example in the chassis area, and / or in the infrastructure, in particular in the construction sector, for example in bridge construction.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically areas of higher and lower strength of a
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a surface structure as can be generated in the first step of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3a shows a schematic sectional illustration of the profile of a surface structure, as can be generated in the first step of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3b shows the geometric shape of a depression, as can be produced in the first step of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically regions 2, 3 of higher and lower strength of a flat metal product 1 according to a possible embodiment of the invention.
  • individual regions 3 with lower strength and in particular high ductility form a honeycomb-like hexagonal structure in which each region 3 with lower strength is completely surrounded by the coherent region 2 with higher strength (matrix) compared to those embedded therein Areas 3 with lower strength have a higher strength or hardness.
  • the transition between the areas 2, 3 is in each case formed by annular transition areas 4, in which the strength or ductility increases or decreases.
  • the transition areas 4 are arranged between the areas 2, 3 and have a width 4 '.
  • the areas 2, 3 form (e.g. along the auxiliary line 8) a course of alternately fixed and less fixed sections.
  • the characteristic length scale of the structure is essentially given by the honeycomb size, ie the extent 5, which is in the range from 0.01 mm to 10.0 mm.
  • the length scale of the structure can be characterized over a characteristic distance 6 between the areas 3 with less strength, which in the illustrated embodiment is approximately half as long as the length from the extent 5. Since the area 2 also includes Corresponding to the higher strength of the matrix of the flat metal product 1, the characteristic distance 6 is defined as the “shortest” distance between two areas 3 with low strength or corresponds to the distance between two diagonally arranged areas 3 or between two honeycombs with lower strength .
  • a width 4 ' is accordingly also defined.
  • the length of the extent 5 and the length of the characteristic distance 6 are determined approximately at half the width 4 '. In other words, the width 4 'is included in both the length of the extension 5 and the length of the characteristic distance 6.
  • the crack 7 shown in FIG. 1 has not yet reached the critical crack length at which the self-reinforcing interplay of crack enlargement and increasing stress concentration at the crack tip begins.
  • the fact that the extent 5 lies in a range from 0.01 mm to 10.0 mm ensures that the crack meets an area 2 with greater strength before reaching the critical crack length, or as in FIG. 1 shown, runs into the transition area 4 between the areas 2, 3.
  • the areas 2 and the area 2 with higher strength thus form or form barriers for the further crack growth and act as a “crack stopper”.
  • This effect is achieved through targeted, highly localized treatment
  • the material of the flat metal product 1 is achieved without a global increase in strength and thus a comprehensive change in the properties (eg deformability) of the flat metal product 1 being necessary.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a surface structure as can be generated in the first step of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the surface of a metal product is provided with the hexagonal depressions 9 shown with a lateral extent 13 of 1 mm.
  • the depressions 9 are arranged on the surface in the form of a hexagonal grid, the width 14 of the intermediate areas 10, which correspond to the “later” matrix of the flat metal product 1, i.e. the distance 14 between the depressions 9 is 0.5 mm.
  • the surface structure formed by the depressions 9 is impressed on the metal product in a first process step by a correspondingly structured roller.
  • the structured metal product is homogenized by heating, so that the differences in strength produced by the plastic deformation during rolling are adjusted between the deepened and raised areas 9, 10.
  • the surface structure is then rolled flat, with the plastic deformation, in particular the raised areas 10, causing the material to solidify, so that the previously raised areas 10 have greater strength. In this way, a flat metal product 1 with ranges of different strengths can be produced similarly to that in FIG. 1, which produces the crack stop effect according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3a schematically shows a sectional view of a surface structure as can be generated in the first step of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the wall thickness 18 of the metal product is 2 mm in this exemplary embodiment.
  • depressions 9 are produced on the top as well as on the underside of the metal product by roller stamping, the depressions 9 being congruent. Only one-sided roll embossing is also conceivable. In order to achieve a sufficient hardening effect in the flat metal product 1, but at the same time not to overload the material or make it unusable for later use due to excessive hardening, the embossing depth 15 should generally be 5 to 40 percent of the wall thickness 18.
  • the embossing depth 15 is 0.2 mm and thus 10 percent of the wall thickness 18.
  • the lateral expansion The opening 13 of the depressions 9 is 1 mm, the width 14 of the intermediate webs 10 is 0.5 mm.
  • the recesses 9 have flanks 11 at the transition to the webs 10, the exact geometric shape of which is shown in detail in FIG. 3b.
  • the lateral extension 13 also includes the flanks 11 in their width.
  • FIG. 3b schematically shows the geometric shape of a depression 9, as can be created in the first step of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the flanks 11 here have a pitch angle of 45 °, the transitions 17 between the bottom of the depression 9 and the flank 11 being rounded off with a radius 16 of 0.2 mm.
  • the upper edge of the recess 9 also has a rounding 17 ′ of 0.2 mm. The rounded edges 17, 17 'prevent material crushing during the subsequent face rolling.
  • the course of the strength described above in FIG. 1 can be produced with a method for producing a crack-resistant flat metal product 1, in particular with a flat surface, the flat metal product 1 being locally solidified of the metal product with regions 2, 3, in particular alternating, of higher and lower levels Strength is provided, the areas 3 of lower strength having an extent 5 of 0.01 mm to 10.0 mm.
  • the surface structures described in FIGS. 2, 3a and 3b are formed as an intermediate product of an embodiment of such a manufacturing method.
  • a crack-resistant workpiece or semi-finished product 1 is produced, in particular having alternating regions 2, 3 of higher and lower strength, characterized in that regions 3 of lower strength have an extension 5 of 0.01 mm to 10.0 mm.
  • the workpiece or semifinished product 1 has a cumulative area share of the areas 3 with lower strength in the total area of the workpiece or sheet product 1 from 10% to 40%, the rest of the area share having areas 2 with higher strength or by the Area 2 of higher strength (matrix) and optionally formed by transition areas 4.
  • the optional transition areas 4 can have a cumulative area share between 0% and 40%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un produit plat en métal résistant à la fissuration (1), en particulier comprenant une surface plane, le produit plat en métal (1) étant pourvu de zones en particulier alternées entre elles (2, 3) de résistance plus élevée et plus faible, en particulier au moyen d'un durcissement local du produit plat en métal, les zones (3) de résistance plus faible présentant une longueur (5) de 0,01 mm à 10,0 mm. La présente invention se rapporte également à une pièce ou à un objet semi-fini résistant à la fissuration (1), présentant en particulier des zones alternées (2, 3) de résistance plus élevée et plus faible, les zones (3) de résistance plus faible présentant une longueur (5) de 0,01 mm à 10,0 mm.
PCT/EP2019/075270 2018-10-04 2019-09-20 Procédé de fabrication d'un produit plat en métal résistant à la fissuration et pièce ou objet semi-fini résistant à la fissuration WO2020069881A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018217015.0 2018-10-04
DE102018217015.0A DE102018217015A1 (de) 2018-10-04 2018-10-04 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rissbeständigen Metallflachprodukts und rissbeständiges Werkstück oder Halbzeug

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020069881A1 true WO2020069881A1 (fr) 2020-04-09

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PCT/EP2019/075270 WO2020069881A1 (fr) 2018-10-04 2019-09-20 Procédé de fabrication d'un produit plat en métal résistant à la fissuration et pièce ou objet semi-fini résistant à la fissuration

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102018217015A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020069881A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004025340A (ja) * 2002-06-25 2004-01-29 Toshiba Corp 表面加工方法および装置
EP2561946A1 (fr) * 2010-04-19 2013-02-27 Autotech Engineering A.I.E. Composant structurel d'un véhicule et procédé de fabrication correspondant
EP2913264A1 (fr) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-02 Airbus Operations GmbH Retardement de fissure par martelage par choc laser
WO2016113388A1 (fr) * 2015-01-15 2016-07-21 Hässleholms Plåtpressning Ab Procédé et système de traitement thermique sélectif d'une feuille métallique
DE102016103539A1 (de) 2016-02-29 2017-08-31 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrdimensional gefügestrukturierten, tiefziehfähigen Metallflachprodukts und Metallflachprodukt
DE102017108837A1 (de) 2016-04-28 2017-11-02 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Zinkbeschichtetes warmgeformtes stahlbauteil mit massgeschneiderten eigenschaften
DE102017212814A1 (de) 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 Lear Corporation Laserpunkt-Härtung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004025340A (ja) * 2002-06-25 2004-01-29 Toshiba Corp 表面加工方法および装置
EP2561946A1 (fr) * 2010-04-19 2013-02-27 Autotech Engineering A.I.E. Composant structurel d'un véhicule et procédé de fabrication correspondant
EP2913264A1 (fr) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-02 Airbus Operations GmbH Retardement de fissure par martelage par choc laser
WO2016113388A1 (fr) * 2015-01-15 2016-07-21 Hässleholms Plåtpressning Ab Procédé et système de traitement thermique sélectif d'une feuille métallique
DE102016103539A1 (de) 2016-02-29 2017-08-31 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrdimensional gefügestrukturierten, tiefziehfähigen Metallflachprodukts und Metallflachprodukt
DE102017108837A1 (de) 2016-04-28 2017-11-02 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Zinkbeschichtetes warmgeformtes stahlbauteil mit massgeschneiderten eigenschaften
DE102017212814A1 (de) 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 Lear Corporation Laserpunkt-Härtung

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