WO2020063399A1 - 一种光诱导非金属催化活性羧酸酯脱羧偶联的方法 - Google Patents
一种光诱导非金属催化活性羧酸酯脱羧偶联的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 0 CC(CC=C1)C(C(N2IOC(*)=O)OC)=C1C2=O Chemical compound CC(CC=C1)C(C(N2IOC(*)=O)OC)=C1C2=O 0.000 description 4
- MUDSDYNRBDKLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1ccnc2c1cccc2 Chemical compound Cc1ccnc2c1cccc2 MUDSDYNRBDKLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VPTQYZBIIBSPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(NC(Cc1ccccc1)C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O)=O Chemical compound CC(NC(Cc1ccccc1)C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O)=O VPTQYZBIIBSPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXTXIRMTGIZWEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(C1CCCCC1)ON(C(c1ccccc11)=O)C1=O Chemical compound O=C(C1CCCCC1)ON(C(c1ccccc11)=O)C1=O VXTXIRMTGIZWEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HKXYTPZVBAPMRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O)Oc1cc(Cl)ccc1 Chemical compound CC(C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O)Oc1cc(Cl)ccc1 HKXYTPZVBAPMRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQLZFJOJFPJNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(NC(C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O)I)=O Chemical compound CC(NC(C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O)I)=O UQLZFJOJFPJNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDPMQSGHFYLQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC(C)C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O Chemical compound CCCC(C)C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O UDPMQSGHFYLQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCYQSSQJANLXSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC(C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O)NC(C)=O Chemical compound CCCCC(C(ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O)=O)NC(C)=O FCYQSSQJANLXSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUVSQZAGNKARTJ-INIZCTEOSA-N CCCC[C@@H](c1nc2ccccc2c(C)c1)NC(C)=O Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](c1nc2ccccc2c(C)c1)NC(C)=O AUVSQZAGNKARTJ-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1nc(cccc2)c2cc1 Chemical compound Cc1nc(cccc2)c2cc1 SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQCMRVSGCJOTKU-HNNXBMFYSA-N N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)c1nc(cccc2)c2cc1 Chemical compound N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)c1nc(cccc2)c2cc1 AQCMRVSGCJOTKU-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGSHRZULUPCGCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(C1Oc(cccc2)c2OC1)ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O Chemical compound O=C(C1Oc(cccc2)c2OC1)ON(C(c1c2cccc1)=O)C2=O VGSHRZULUPCGCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cc2cccnc2cc1 Chemical compound c1cc2cccnc2cc1 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C269/00—Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C269/06—Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups by reactions not involving the formation of carbamate groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C271/06—Esters of carbamic acids
- C07C271/08—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C271/10—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C271/18—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of hydrocarbon radicals substituted by doubly-bound oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/44—Radicals substituted by doubly-bound oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen atoms, or by two such atoms singly-bound to the same carbon atom
- C07D213/46—Oxygen atoms
- C07D213/50—Ketonic radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/79—Acids; Esters
- C07D213/803—Processes of preparation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/20—Oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/48—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of compound synthesis, and in particular, to a method for photo-induced non-metal catalytically active carboxylic acid esters and their decarboxylation to introduce nitrogen heterocycles or generate ⁇ -amino ketones.
- Aromatic heterocyclic compounds are important structural units in the field of medicinal chemistry. Selective catalysis of aromatic heterocyclic functional groups is one of the important means to discover new drugs.
- the main method to achieve the functionalization of aromatic heterocycles is the known Minisci reaction.
- Minisci reaction the main method to achieve the functionalization of aromatic heterocycles.
- these reported methods often require the addition of a precious metal iridium catalyst, and it is difficult to avoid the residue of precious metals in the later separation process.
- ⁇ -amino ketones are widely used as intermediates in fine chemical and pharmaceutical fields. Its general synthesis methods include Mannich reaction using aldehydes, ketones and amines as raw materials, and ring-opening addition of cyclopropanol and sulfonyl azide compounds. In these existing reaction methods, noble metals need to be used, and it is agreed that it is difficult to avoid the problem of noble metal residues in the later separation process.
- the present disclosure provides a photo-initiated non-metal catalytically active decarboxylation introduction of carboxylic esters.
- the method of the present disclosure does not require the addition of a metal catalyst, and has mild reaction conditions and good compatibility with functional groups.
- the product can also have a higher ee value and a high reaction conversion rate, which has a good prospect for synthetic value.
- a method for photo-induced decarboxylative coupling of non-metal catalytically active carboxylic acid ester includes the following steps:
- R is: C1-C30 alkyl group without functional group, C1-C30 alkyl group with functional group, C6-C30 aryl or heteroaryl group, C6-C30 aralkyl group, the functional group is selected from halogen, ester group At least one of an ether group, an acyl group, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a mercapto group, and an amino group, and at least one hydrogen atom of the C6-C30 aryl or heteroaryl group and the C6-C30 aralkyl group is optionally a hydroxyl group, a halogen , A mercapto group, an amine group, a carbonyl group, an ester group, or an ether group, and the hetero atom in the C6-C30 heteroaryl group is selected from at least one of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
- R 1 is a tert-butoxycarbonyl group and a benzyloxycarbonyl group
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic C 1-20 alkyl group
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a C 6-20 aryl group, and Chain, branched or cyclic C 1-20 alkyl, C 1-20 sulfanyl, C 1-4 alkylphenoxy C 1-4 alkyl, or R 3 and R 2 to which they are attached N
- the atoms together form a ring.
- R ′ is a C 1-20 alkyl group, a C 6-30 aralkyl group, a C 6-30 aryl group or a heteroaryl group, or one of the hydrogen atoms is a hydroxyl group, a halogen group, a mercapto group, an amine group, C 1-20 alkyl substituted with carbonyl, ester or ether, wherein one hydrogen atom is substituted with C 6-30 aralkyl substituted with hydroxyl, halogen, mercapto, amine, carbonyl, ester or ether
- reaction comprises: reacting an active carboxylic acid ester compound represented by Formula 1 with a compound represented by Formula 2-1 or Formula 2-2 by light irradiation A nitrogen heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 3-1 or a ⁇ -amino ketone represented by Formula 3-2:
- Formula 2-1 represents an aromatic ring compound
- the aromatic ring compound is a benzene ring or a thiophene ring compound optionally having a substituent group R 1 , wherein TMS represents a trimethylsilyl group
- Formula 2-2 represents A nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound
- R 4 is a straight or branched C 1-20 alkyl, C 6-20 aryl or ester group at different substitution positions of the aromatic ring.
- iodide salt is selected from at least one of sodium iodide, potassium iodide, and lithium iodide.
- phosphine ligand is selected from the group consisting of triphenylphosphine, tris (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, and tris (4-fluorophenyl) phosphine , Tricyclohexylphosphine, 2-diphenylphosphine-biphenyl, 4,5-bisdiphenylphosphine-9,9-dimethylxanthene, and bis (2-diphenylphosphophenyl) ether At least one.
- the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, trifluorotoluene, At least one of toluene, acetone, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate.
- BOC represents tert-butoxycarbonyl
- t Bu represents tert-butyl
- ph represents phenyl
- Ac represents acetate
- I represents iodine
- Cbz represents benzyloxycarbonyl.
- Ph phenyl
- Br bromine
- OEt ethoxy
- Ph represents a phenyl group
- NHAc represents an acetamide
- Boc represents a tert-butoxycarbonyl group
- I represents an iodo group
- Naphthyl represents a naphthyl group.
- the present disclosure provides a method for photo-inducing a non-metal catalytically active carboxylic acid ester to decarboxylate it into a nitrogen heterocyclic ring or obtain a ⁇ -amino ketone (the schematic diagram of the overall reaction is as follows).
- the method includes the following steps:
- the active carboxylic acid ester compound described in Formula 1 is reacted with a compound represented by Formula 2-1 or Formula 2-2 by light irradiation to obtain a compound having Formula 3 -1 or a compound represented by the formula 3-2.
- the above formulas 2-1 and 2-2 may be collectively referred to as formula 2 and the above formulas 3-1 and 3-2 may be collectively referred to as formula 3.
- active carboxylic acid ester refers to a carboxylic acid ester having a phthalic acid amide ester structure, and its chemical structural formula satisfies the above formula 1, wherein R is a C1-C30 alkyl group without a functional group, and C1 with a functional group -C30 alkyl, C6-C30 aryl or heteroaryl, C6-C30 aralkyl, the functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of halogen, ester, ether, acyl, carbonyl, sulfonyl, mercapto, and amino At least one hydrogen atom in the C6-C30 aryl or heteroaryl group and the C6-C30 aralkyl group is optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group, a halogen group, a mercapto group, an amine group, a carbonyl group, an ester group, or an ether group, and The heteroatom in the C6-C30 heteroary
- examples of R in the above formula 1 may include: for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, t-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, eicosyl, octadecyl, Dodecyl, tridecyl; chloromethyl, chloroethyl, bromododecyl; phenyl, methylphenyl, naphthyl; thienyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, methylpyridyl ;
- R 1 is tert-butoxycarbonyl and benzyloxycarbonyl
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic C 1-20 alkyl group
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, C 6-20 aryl, linear, branched or cyclic C 1-20 alkyl, C 1-20 sulfanyl, C 1-4 alkylphenoxy C 1-4 alkyl, or R 3 and R 2 forms a ring with the N atom to which they are attached;
- R ' is a C 1-20 alkyl group, a C 6-30 aralkyl group, a C 6-30 aryl group or a heteroaryl group, or at least one hydrogen atom of which is a hydroxyl group, a halogen group, a mercapto group, or an amino group , Carbonyl, ester, or ether-substituted C 1-20 alkyl groups, wherein at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a hydroxyl, halogen, thiol, amine, carbonyl, ester, or ether group C 6-30 aralkyl group, wherein A C 6-30 aryl or heteroaryl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a hydroxyl group, a halogen group, a mercapto group, an amine group, a carbonyl group, an ester group, or an ether group.
- active carboxylic acid ester examples include:
- the aromatic ring is a benzene ring substituted with R 1 or a thiophene ring
- TMS represents a trimethylsilyl group
- R 1 is a different substitution in the aromatic ring.
- Formula 2-2 represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, in which dotted lines represent different substituents.
- Examples of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 2-2 include quinoline, isoquinoline, nicotinic acid, or phenanthridine which are substituted or unsubstituted with various substituents, and the various substituents may be C1- C30 alkyl, C6-C30 aryl, halogen, methyl ether or ester.
- the C1-C30 alkyl group includes a linear or branched C1-C30 alkyl group, and specific examples thereof include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, tert-butyl, and octyl. , Decyl, dodecyl, eicosyl, octadecyl, behenyl, tridecyl, and the like.
- specific examples of the C6-C30 aryl group include, for example, phenyl, methylphenyl, naphthyl, and the like.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring examples include:
- non-metal in the term “photo-induced non-metal catalysis” means that no metal such as metal iridium is used in the catalytic system, and thus "photo-induced non-metal catalysis” means that no metal such as metal is used in the catalytic system Photo-induced catalysis occurs in the case of iridium.
- the iodide salt may be selected from at least one of sodium iodide, potassium iodide, and lithium iodide, and is preferably sodium iodide.
- the term "phosphine ligand" refers to a phosphine ligand commonly used in the art.
- the phosphine ligand may preferably be selected from the group consisting of triphenylphosphine, tri (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, tri (4-fluorophenyl) phosphine, and tricyclohexylphosphine At least one of 2-diphenylphosphine-biphenyl, 4,5-bisdiphenylphosphine-9,9-dimethylxanthene, and bis (2-diphenylphosphophenyl) ether, Most preferred is triphenylphosphine.
- organic solvent refers to a solvent that can function to dissolve the compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2.
- the organic solvent may be selected from at least one of N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, trifluorotoluene, toluene, acetone, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate. Species.
- a suitable light source has a wavelength range between 365 nm and 500 nm, preferably 400-480 nm, and more preferably 427-460 nm.
- a method for decarboxylating a photocatalytically active carboxylic acid ester into a nitrogen heterocycle is provided.
- the reaction process is shown in the schematic diagram above.
- Formula 1 represents an active carboxylic acid ester
- R in Formulas 1 and 3 is a linear or branched alkyl group which may be substituted or unsubstituted, or an aryl group which may be substituted or unsubstituted Group, and the carbon number of R is 1-30, preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-10, and examples of the substituent of R include a halogen atom (for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine), an amino group, an ester Base, acyl, etc.
- halogen atom for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
- R is a C1-C30 non-functional alkyl group (for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, t-butyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, eicosyl, octadecane Group, behenyl, tridecyl, etc.), C1-C30 functional group-containing alkyl groups (e.g., chloromethyl, chloroethyl, bromododecyl, etc.), C6- C30 aryl (eg, phenyl, methylphenyl, naphthyl, etc.) or C5-C30 heteroaryl (eg, thienyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, methylpyridyl, etc.).
- C1-C30 non-functional alkyl group for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, t-butyl, octyl, decyl, do
- active carboxylic acid ester represented by Formula 1 include compounds having a chemical structure represented by Formula 1 in Table 1 in the Example section below.
- Table 1 in the Example section below.
- 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-ylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid ester 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl-2,3-dihydrobenzo [ b] [1,4] Dioxin-2-carboxylic acid ester, 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl-2- (3-chlorophenoxy) propionate, 1,3 -Dioxoisoindolin-2-yl-2-acetamino-3-phenylpropionate, 5- (tert-butyl) -1- (1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2 -Yl) ((benzyloxy) carbonyl) glutamic acid, and the like.
- the compound of formula 1 suitable for use in the present disclosure is selected from at least one of the following compounds:
- BOC represents tert-butoxycarbonyl
- t Bu represents tert-butyl
- ph represents phenyl
- Ac represents acetate
- I represents iodine
- Cbz represents benzyloxycarbonyl.
- Formula 2-2 represents a general formula of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring, including quinoline, isoquinoline, nicotinic acid, or phenanthridine substituted or unsubstituted by various substituents, and the substituents are C1-C30 alkyl, C6-C30 Aryl, halogen (for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine), methyl ether, or ester.
- substituents are C1-C30 alkyl, C6-C30 Aryl, halogen (for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine), methyl ether, or ester.
- the above-mentioned C1-C30 alkyl group includes a linear or branched C1-C30 alkyl group, and specific examples thereof include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, and tert-butyl , Octyl, decyl, dodecyl, eicosyl, octadecyl, behenyl, tridecyl, and the like.
- C6-C30 aryl group examples include, for example, phenyl, methylphenyl, naphthyl, and the like.
- nitrogen-containing heterocycles suitable for use in this embodiment of Formula 2-2 include: quinoline, isoquinoline, 4-methylquinoline, phenanthridine, and 4-ethoxyquinoline.
- the compound represented by the formula 2-2 suitable for this embodiment is selected from at least one compound having the following structure:
- the inventors have found that during the decarboxylation reaction of the active carboxylic acid ester, a reasonable molar ratio of Formula 2-2 to Formula 1, a molar ratio of Iodized salt to Formula 1, and a molar ratio of Phosphine ligand to Formula 1
- the ratio, the type and amount of acid, and the type of light source are the most important process conditions for carrying out the reaction, specifically as follows:
- the molar ratio of Formula 1 and Formula 2-2 is 1.0-3.0, and more preferably 1.1-2.0.
- the iodide salt is selected from at least one of sodium iodide, potassium iodide, and lithium iodide, and more preferably sodium iodide; the molar amount of the iodide salt is the molar amount of the formula 2-2. 5% -50%, more preferably 5% -30%.
- the phosphine ligand is selected from the group consisting of triphenylphosphine, tris (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, tris (4-fluorophenyl) phosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine, and 2-diphenyl Phosphine-biphenyl, 4,5-bisdiphenylphosphine-9,9-dimethylxanthene and bis (2-diphenylphosphophenyl) ether, more preferably triphenyl Phosphine.
- the molar amount of the phosphine ligand is 5% -50%, more preferably 10-20%, of the molar amount of Formula 2.
- the acid (also referred to as an additive) suitable for use in this embodiment is preferably one of trifluoroacetic acid and R-binaphthol phosphate, and when trifluoroacetic acid is used, its molar amount is the formula 2- The molar amount of 2 is 50% -150%, more preferably 100% -110%. When R-binaphthol phosphate is used, its molar amount is 5% -50%, more preferably 5% -20%, of the molar amount of Formula 2-2.
- the wavelength range of the light source is preferably between 365 nm and 500 nm, and more preferably 427-456 nm.
- the irradiation time is 4 hours to 24 hours, and more preferably 10-20 hours.
- the organic solvent is selected from N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, trifluorotoluene, toluene, acetone, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate. At least one of the esters is more preferably acetone.
- a method for photo-induced non-metallic enantioselective catalysis of heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon minisci is provided as follows.
- R ′ is a C 1-20 alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a C 6-30 aralkyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and a C 6- 30 aryl or heteroaryl
- the C 1-20 alkyl, C 6-30 aralkyl, C 6-30 aryl or heteroaryl may be hydroxy, halogen, mercapto, amine, carbonyl, ester Group or ether group.
- the C 1-20 alkyl group may be linear or branched.
- the alkyl group in the C 6-30 aralkyl group may be linear or branched.
- the active carboxylic acid ester represented by the formula 1 is preferably a compound represented by:
- Ph represents a phenyl group
- NHAc represents an acetamide
- Boc represents a tert-butoxycarbonyl group
- I represents an iodo group.
- Formula 2-2 represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, and preferably includes a quinoline-based compound and a pyridine-based compound.
- the quinoline-based compound and the pyridine-based compound may have a substituent, and the substituent may be a C1-20 alkyl group, a phenyl group, an ether group, an ester group, and a combination of these groups.
- Specific examples of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 2-2 include, for example, quinoline, methylquinoline, 4-methylquinoline, 4-phenylquinoline, pyridine, and the like.
- the quinoline compounds and pyridine compounds represented by the formula 2-2 are preferably as follows:
- Ph represents a phenyl group.
- the inventors have found through a large number of experiments that during the decarboxylation reaction of the active carboxylic acid ester, a reasonable molar ratio of formula 1 to formula 2-2, a molar ratio of formula 2-2 to iodized salt and phosphine ligand, and chirality
- the type of phosphonic acid and the type of light source are the most important process conditions for carrying out this reaction.
- the molar ratio of Formula 1 and Formula 2-2 is 1.0-3.0, more preferably 1.5-2.5, and most preferably 1.5-2.
- the chiral phosphonic acid is selected from at least one of PA1-PA14 shown in the figure below, and more preferably PA1, PA8, and PA13.
- PA1-PA14 are the names of the chiral phosphonic acid compounds corresponding to the chemical structures shown below.
- Ph represents a phenyl group
- Naphthyl represents a naphthyl group
- NHTf represents a trifluoromethanesulfonamide
- the molar amount of the iodide salt is 5% -50%, more preferably 10% -30%, and most preferably 10-20% of the molar amount of the formula 2-2.
- the molar amount of the phosphine ligand is 5% -50%, more preferably 10% -30%, and most preferably 10-20% of the molar amount of the formula 2-2.
- the molar amount of the chiral phosphonic acid is 1% to 100%, and more preferably 5%, of the molar amount of the formula 2-2.
- the wavelength range of the light source is between 365 nm and 500 nm, preferably 430-480 nm, and more preferably 450-460 nm.
- the irradiation time is 4-24 hours, preferably 10-20 hours, and more preferably 15-18 hours.
- the organic solvent is selected from 1,4-dioxane, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, trifluorotoluene, toluene At least one of acetone, dichloromethane, and 1,4-dioxane is more preferable.
- the yield of the target product can be as high as 96%, and the product ee value can also be as high as 96%.
- a light-induced non-metal catalyzed method for preparing ⁇ -amino ketone is provided.
- the schematic diagram of the chemical reaction is as follows:
- the method of the present disclosure includes the following steps:
- the decarboxylation of the active carboxylic acid ester compound represented by Formula 1 is achieved under the condition of room temperature in the presence of an iodized salt, a phosphine ligand, and an organic solvent, and the reaction is performed with the enol silyl ether compound represented by Formula 2-1.
- a ⁇ -aminoketone compound represented by Formula 3 was obtained.
- R 1 is tert-butoxycarbonyl Boc and benzyloxycarbonyl Cbz
- R 2 is a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched or cyclic C 1-20 alkyl group
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom
- C 6- 20 aryl, linear, branched or cyclic C 1-20 alkyl, C 1-20 sulfanyl, C 1-4 alkylphenoxy C 1-4 alkyl, or R 3 and R 2 Forms a ring with the N atom to which they are attached.
- examples of the linear, branched or cyclic C 1-20 alkyl group include methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, hexyl, heptyl , Octyl, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, behenyl, etc.
- examples of the C 6-20 aryl group are phenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, and the like.
- examples of the C 1-20 sulfanyl group include thiomethyl, thio-n-propyl, thio-n-butyl, thiohexyl, thiododecyl, and the like.
- examples of the "C 1-4 alkylphenoxy C 4 alkyl” include methylphenoxy n-butyl, n-propylphenoxy t-butyl, and ethylpropoxy t- Butyl, etc.
- examples of the "R 3 and R 2 forming a ring with the N atom to which they are attached” include cyclobutyl, cyclopropyl, cyclohexyl, and the like.
- the aromatic ring is a benzene ring substituted with R 4 or a thiophene ring
- TMS represents a trimethylsilyl group
- R 4 is a straight chain or Branched C 1-20 alkyl, C 6-20 aryl or ester.
- R 1 is as defined as defined in Formula 2
- R 3 1 and R 1 and R 2 are the same as defined in the definition of R and R in Formula 4 4 2-1.
- the inventors have found that during the decarboxylation reaction of the active carboxylic acid ester, a reasonable molar ratio of Formula 1 to Formula 2-1, a molar ratio of Formula 1 to an iodonium salt, a phosphine ligand, kind and so on are the most important process conditions for carrying out the reaction.
- the molar ratio of Formula 2-1 and Formula 1 may be 1.0-4.0, and more preferably 1.5-2.0.
- a suitable phosphine ligand is selected from the group consisting of triphenylphosphine, tris (4-fluorophenyl) phosphine, tris (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, tris (3-methoxyphenyl) phosphine At least one of diphenyl-2-pyridinephosphine, bis (2-diphenylphosphophenyl) ether, and more preferably triphenylphosphine.
- the molar amount of the iodized salt suitable for use is 1.0-2.0 times, preferably 1.2-1.8 times, and more preferably 1.4-1.5 times the molar amount of Formula 1.
- the molar amount of the phosphine ligand suitable for use is 5% -50%, preferably 10-30%, and more preferably 15-25% of the molar amount of Formula 1.
- the molar amount of Formula 2-1 that is suitable for use is 1-4 times the molar amount of Formula 1, and more preferably 2-3 times.
- a suitable light source has a wavelength range between 365 nm and 500 nm, preferably 430-480 nm, more preferably 450-460 nm; the irradiation time is 4-24 hours, 8-20 hours, and more preferably 12 -15 hours.
- the organic solvent suitable for use is at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, and toluene, and more preferably acetonitrile.
- the yield of the ⁇ -aminoketone compound represented by Formula 3-1 can be as high as about 90%, and the minimum yield of the ⁇ -aminoketone compound can also be 62%.
- the method provided by the present disclosure is to catalyze the photocatalyst to undergo an electronic transition by using light to catalyze the decarboxylation of an active carboxylic acid ester, and introduce a nitrogen heterocycle by a minisci reaction with a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound.
- the hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic acid ester and the aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic ring realizes the conversion of the corresponding isomer.
- this method uses metal iodide such as sodium iodide instead of organometallic catalyst, which greatly reduces the price of the catalyst, and there is no problem of residual precious metals in the post-treatment process, which is in line with the development of green environmentally friendly chemistry. Requirements, substrate range and functional group compatibility are good, and it has great prospects for synthetic value.
- the present disclosure obtains ⁇ -amino ketone by using light to induce the decarboxylation of non-metal catalytically active carboxylic acid esters and react with the enol silyl ether compound.
- the reaction conditions are mild, the operation is simple, and the use of a metal catalyst is avoided.
- the synthesis of amino ketones provides a novel method that meets the requirements for the development of green environmentally friendly chemistry.
- the method can be successfully applied to the synthesis of the precursors of the drug molecules duloxetine, fluoxetine hydrochloride and atomoxetine.
- the conversion rate of the gram scale reaction is high, and it has the prospect of industrial synthesis value.
- Acetonitrile (C 2 H 3 N, 99.9%), N, N-dimethylformamide (C 3 H 7 NO, 99.5%), N, N-dimethylacetamide (C 4 H 9 NO, 99.0% ), Acetone (C 3 H 6 O, 99.5%) were purchased from Blackwell, tetrahydrofuran (C 4 H 8 O, 99.5%), dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2 , 99.9%), ethyl acetate (C 4 H 8 O 2 , 99.8%), and trifluorotoluene (C 7 H 5 F 3 , 99%) were purchased from ANEG.
- Sodium iodide (NaI, 99.5%) and potassium iodide were purchased from Aladdin Company, triphenylphosphine (PPh 3 , 99%) was purchased from Adamas Company, and tris (4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine (C 21 H 21 O 3 P, 95%), tris (4-fluorophenyl) phosphine (C 18 H 12 F 3 P, 98%), tricyclohexylphosphine (C 18 H 33 P, 96%), 2-diphenyl Phosphine-biphenyl (C 24 H 19 P, 98%), 4,5-bisdiphenylphosphine-9,9-dimethylxanthene (C 39 H 32 OP 2 , 98.0%), bis ( Both 2-diphenylphosphophenyl) ether (C 36 H 28 OP 2 , 98%) and (R) -binaphthol phosphate were purchased from Blackwell.
- the concentrated residue was passed through a chromatographic column (Beijing Xinweier Glass Instrument Co., Ltd., C383040C, with sand plate storage ball chromatography column, 35/20, Effective length: 500ml) Chromatographic separation to obtain the product.
- the product was a colorless liquid with a total of 42.8 mg and a yield of 95%.
- Example 1-1 After the reaction was completed, the product was obtained after treatment in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the product was a viscous liquid with a total of 47.7 mg and a yield of 86%.
- Example 1-1 After the reaction was completed, the product was obtained after treatment in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the product was a white solid with a total of 48.7 mg and a yield of 82%.
- the preparation was performed in a manner similar to Example 1-1, except that NaI (10 mol%, 3 mg), PPh 3 (20 mol%, 10.5 mg), (R) -binaphthol phosphate were added to the reaction tube. Ester (10 mol%, 7.0 mg) and 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl-2-acetamino-3-phenylpropanoate (0.26 mmol, 91.5 mg); completely replaced with argon The air in the tube was three times, and then 2 mL of 1,4-dioxane and ethyl nicotinate (0.2 mmol, 30.3 mg) were added under an argon atmosphere; the reaction system was continuously stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under the illumination of a blue LED lamp.
- Example 1-1 After the reaction was completed, the product was obtained after treatment in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the product was a white solid with a total of 50 mg and a yield of 80%.
- the following implementation The molar percentages in the examples have the same meaning), 3 mg), PPh 3 (0.02 mmol (that is, 10 mol% of 4-methylquinoline), 5.3 mg), PA1 (0.01 mmol (that is, 4-methylquinoline 5 mol%) of phospholine), 7.5 mg), and 1,3-dioxoisoindololin-2-yl-2-acetamino-3-phenylpropanoate (0.3 mmol, 105.6 mg).
- the air in the tube was completely replaced with argon for three times, and then 2 mL of 1,4-dioxane, 4-methylquinoline (0.2 mmol, 28.6 mg) was added under an argon atmosphere.
- the reaction system was continuously stirred for 15 hours at room temperature under the irradiation of a 456 nm blue LED lamp (using an IKA magnetic stirrer, RCT basic type, with a stirring speed of 500 rpm). After the reaction was completed, the reaction was quenched with H 2 O, and the reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 * 10 mL). The combined organic phases were then concentrated by rotary evaporation (Buchi Rotary Co., Ltd., Switzerland, R- 3).
- the concentrated residue was passed through a chromatographic column (Beijing Xinweier Glass Instrument Co., Ltd., C383040C, with sand plate storage ball chromatography column, 35/20, Effective length: 500ml) Chromatographic separation to obtain the product.
- a chromatographic column Beijing Xinweier Glass Instrument Co., Ltd., C383040C, with sand plate storage ball chromatography column, 35/20, Effective length: 500ml
- the preparation was performed in a similar manner to Example 2-1, except that NaI (10 mol%, 3 mg), PPh 3 (10 mol%, 5.3 mg), PA13 (5 mol%, 7.2 mg) were added to the Schlenk reaction tube. ), And 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl-2-acetamino-3-phenylpropanoate (0.3 mmol, 105.6 mg); completely replace the air in the tube three times with argon, and then 2 mL of 1,4-dioxane, 4-methylquinoline (0.2 mmol, 28.6 mg) was added under an argon atmosphere; the reaction system was continuously stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under the irradiation of a 456 nm blue LED lamp.
- Example 2-1 After the reaction was completed, the product was obtained after treatment in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- the preparation was performed in a manner similar to Example 2-1, except that NaI (10 mol%, 3 mg), PPh 3 (10 mol%, 5.3 mg), PA8 (5 mol%, 7.2 mg) were added to the Schlenk reaction tube. ), And 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl-2-acetamino-3-phenylpropanoate (0.3 mmol, 105.6 mg); completely replace the air in the tube three times with argon, and then 2 mL of 1,4-dioxane, 4-methylquinoline (0.2 mmol, 28.6 mg) was added under an argon atmosphere; the reaction system was continuously stirred at room temperature for 20 hours under the irradiation of a 456 nm blue LED lamp.
- Example 2-1 After the reaction was completed, the product was obtained after treatment in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- the product was a white solid with a total of 56.5 mg and a yield of 93%.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-13 Preparation of (S) -6- (1-acetylamino-2-methylpropyl) nicotinic acid ethyl ester
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 The method is the same as in Example 2-1, and the yield is shown in Table 1.
- Example 2-1 Prepared in a manner similar to Example 2-1, except that NaI (20mol%, 6mg), PPh 3 (20mol%, 10.5mg), PA1 (0.02mmol 15.0mg) were added to the Schlenk reaction tube, 2- Methyl 1,2-bis (pyridin-3-yl) propan-1-one (0.2 mmol, 45.2 mg) and 1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl-2-acetamino-3- Methyl butyrate (0.3 mmol, 91.2 mg); completely replace the air in the tube three times with argon, then add 2 mL of 1,4-dioxane, 4-methylquinoline (0.2 mmol, 28.6) under argon atmosphere mg); The reaction system was continuously stirred for 20 hours at room temperature under the irradiation of a 456 nm blue LED lamp.
- Example 2-1 After the reaction was completed, the product was obtained after treatment in the same manner as in Example 2-1.
- the product was a white solid with a total of 56.5 mg and a yield of 93%.
- the concentrated residue was passed through a chromatographic column (Beijing Xinweier Glass Instrument Co., Ltd., C383040C, with sand plate storage ball chromatography column, 35/20, Effective length: 500m1)
- the product is obtained by chromatography.
- Example 3-2 Preparation of (1- (4- (tert-butoxy) phenyl) -4-oxo-4-phenylbutane-2-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
- Example 3-1 After the reaction was completed, the product was obtained after treatment in the same manner as in Example 3-1.
- Example 3-4 Preparation of (4-oxo-1,4-diphenylbut-2-yl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
- Example 3-1 The method is the same as in Example 3-1.
- the yield is shown in Table 1 and is 78%.
- Porphyrin-2-yl 1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino) cyclobutane carboxylate (0.2 mmol, 72.0 mg); completely replace the air in the tube three times with argon, then add 2 mL of N under argon atmosphere, N-dimethylacetamide, trimethyl ((1-phenylvinyl) oxy) silane (0.4 mmol, 76.8 mg); the reaction system was continuously stirred for 20 hours at room temperature under a light condition of a wavelength of 456 nm. After the reaction was completed, the product was obtained after treatment in the same manner as in Example 3-1. The product was a white solid, a total of 45.1 mg, with a yield of 78%.
- Example 3-7 (3-([1,1'-Biphenyl] -4-yl) -3-oxopropyl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
- Example 3-1 The method is the same as in Example 3-1.
- the yield is shown in Table 1 and is 84%.
- Example 3-8 Preparation of (3-oxo-3-phenylpropyl) carbamic acid tert-butyl ester
- the air in the tube was completely replaced with argon for three times, and then 40 mL of acetonitrile and trimethyl ((1-phenylvinyl) oxy) silane (12 mmol, 2.31 g) were added under an argon atmosphere.
- the reaction system was continuously stirred for 20 hours at room temperature under the illumination of a wavelength of 456 nm (using an IKA magnetic stirrer, RCT basic type, with a stirring speed of 500 rpm). After the reaction was completed, the reaction was quenched with H 2 0, and the reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 * 30 mL), and then treated in the same manner as in Example 3-1 to obtain the product.
- the method provided by the present disclosure utilizes photocatalysis to achieve efficient catalytic conversion at room temperature, with mild reaction conditions and simple operation. Compared with the traditional methods previously reported, this method avoids the use of precious metal catalysts, meets the requirements for the development of green environmentally friendly chemistry, has a wide range of substrates and good functional group compatibility, and the method can be successfully applied to scale-up scale experiments The reaction conversion rate is high, and it has a good industrial synthetic value prospect.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述碘盐选自碘化钠、碘化钾以及碘化锂中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述膦配体选自三苯基膦、三(4-甲氧基苯基)膦、三(4-氟苯基)膦、三环己基膦、2-二苯基膦-联苯、4,5-双二苯基膦-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽以及双(2-二苯基磷苯基)醚中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述添加剂选自三氟乙酸、(R)-联萘酚磷酸酯或手性膦酸。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述光照使用波长范围在365nm到 500nm之间的光源。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述有机溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、乙腈、四氢呋喃、三氟甲苯、甲苯、丙酮、二氯甲烷和乙酸乙酯中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述式2-1所示化合物与所述式1所示的摩尔比为1.0-4.0。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述式1所示的化合物与所述式2-2所示的化合物的摩尔比为1.0-3.0。
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