WO2020062247A1 - Synchronous rectifier circuit and rectifier device - Google Patents

Synchronous rectifier circuit and rectifier device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020062247A1
WO2020062247A1 PCT/CN2018/109109 CN2018109109W WO2020062247A1 WO 2020062247 A1 WO2020062247 A1 WO 2020062247A1 CN 2018109109 W CN2018109109 W CN 2018109109W WO 2020062247 A1 WO2020062247 A1 WO 2020062247A1
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Prior art keywords
terminal
rectifier circuit
positive
circuit
secondary winding
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PCT/CN2018/109109
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵德琦
赵武
吴壬华
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深圳欣锐科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳欣锐科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳欣锐科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/109109 priority Critical patent/WO2020062247A1/en
Priority to CN201880006894.1A priority patent/CN110199465B/en
Publication of WO2020062247A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020062247A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and particularly to a synchronous rectification circuit and a rectification device.
  • Rectifying circuit is a circuit that converts AC power to DC power.
  • Most rectifier circuits are composed of transformers, rectifier main circuits and filters. It is widely used in DC motor speed regulation, generator excitation regulation, electrolysis, electroplating and other fields.
  • the rectifier circuit usually consists of a main circuit, a filter and a transformer.
  • the synchronous rectifier circuit belongs to a relatively preferred circuit, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the conventional power supply method is to add an extra power supply winding to the transformer to power the rectifier circuit, which often has complicated lines, which increases the difficulty and cost of the transformer winding.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the present application provides a synchronous rectification circuit and a rectification device, which can make the rectification circuit obtain the alternating current through the ground for rectification, omitting the power supply winding, more conducive to PCB wiring, and increasing the power density of the power supply. .
  • a synchronous rectification circuit which is applied to positive rectification and includes a transformer, a first rectification circuit, a second rectification circuit, a power output positive terminal and a power output negative terminal, wherein:
  • the transformer includes a primary winding, a first secondary winding, and a second secondary winding; a first end of the first secondary winding is connected to a first input end of the first rectifying circuit, and the first secondary winding A second terminal of is connected to a second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit, a second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit, a first terminal of the second secondary winding, and the power output negative terminal; The second end of the second secondary winding is connected to the first input end of the second rectification circuit; the output end of the first rectification circuit is connected to the output end of the second rectification circuit and the power output positive end;
  • the first rectifying circuit implements a rectifying function
  • the second rectifying circuit implements a rectifying function.
  • the first rectifier circuit includes: a first power control chip, a first switch tube, a first diode, a first resistor, and a first capacitor;
  • a second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is connected to a positive electrode of the first diode, a negative electrode of the first diode is connected to a first terminal of the first resistor, and a second terminal of the first resistor is Terminal is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and the power supply terminal of the first power control chip, and the control terminal of the first power control chip is connected to the first terminal of the first switch tube;
  • a first input terminal is connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor, a ground terminal of the first power control chip and a second terminal of the first switch tube, and a third terminal of the first switch tube is connected to the An output terminal of the first rectifying circuit.
  • the second rectifier circuit includes: a second power control chip, a second switch tube, a second diode, a second resistor, and a second capacitor;
  • a second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is connected to a positive electrode of the second diode, a negative electrode of the second diode is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor, and a second terminal of the second resistor
  • the second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the power supply terminal of the second power control chip, and the control terminal of the second power control chip is connected to the first terminal of the second switch tube;
  • a second input terminal is connected to a second terminal of the second capacitor, a ground terminal of the second power control chip, and a second terminal of the second switch tube, and a third terminal of the second switch tube is connected to the An output terminal of the second rectifier circuit.
  • the first diode when the polarity of the first input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is positive and the polarity of the second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is negative, the first diode is not turned on.
  • the first power chip drives the first switch to complete rectification, and at this time, the polarity of the first input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is negative, and the polarity of the second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is positive.
  • the second diode is turned on, and the voltage between the first end and the second end of the second winding passes through the second diode and the second resistor to charge the second capacitor, so
  • the function of the second capacitor to store electrical energy includes providing energy to the second power control chip.
  • the first diode when the polarity of the first input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is negative and the polarity of the second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is positive, the first diode is turned on, The voltage between the first end and the second end of the first winding passes through the first diode and the first resistor to charge the first capacitor.
  • the function of the first capacitor to store electrical energy includes The first power control chip provides energy, at this time, the polarity of the first input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is positive, the polarity of the second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is negative, and the second diode When not conducting, the second power chip drives the second switch to complete rectification.
  • the first switching transistor and the second switching transistor include a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
  • MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
  • a drain of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor MOSFET is connected to the positive terminal of the power output.
  • the synchronous rectification circuit further includes a filter circuit located between the positive terminal of the power output and the negative terminal of the power output.
  • the filter circuit includes two filter capacitors connected in parallel.
  • a rectifying device which includes the synchronous rectifying circuit described in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a synchronous rectification circuit, which includes a transformer, a first rectification circuit, a second rectification circuit, a power output positive terminal, and a power output negative terminal.
  • the ground terminals of the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit are respectively connected to The first winding and the second winding of the transformer are connected, and there is no need to provide an additional power supply winding on the transformer, which reduces the transformer processing cost.
  • the power supply winding is omitted, which is more conducive to PCB wiring and improves the power density of the power supply.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art synchronous rectification circuit
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous rectification circuit according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a synchronous rectification circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of another synchronous rectifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of voltage waveform changes in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous rectification circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application provides a synchronous rectification circuit, which includes a transformer T1, a first rectification circuit 210, a second rectification circuit 220, a power output positive terminal Vout +, and a power output negative terminal Vout-;
  • the transformer T1 includes a primary winding L0, a first secondary winding L1, and a second secondary winding L2.
  • a first terminal L11 of the first secondary winding L1 is connected to a first input terminal 211 of the first rectifier circuit 210.
  • the second terminal L12 of the first secondary winding L1 is connected to the second input terminal 212 of the first rectifier circuit 210, the second input terminal 222 of the second rectifier circuit 220, and the negative output terminal Vout of the power supply.
  • the second terminal L22 of the winding L2 is connected to the first input terminal 221 of the second rectifier circuit 220.
  • the second terminal L22 of the first secondary winding L1 and the first terminal L21 of the second secondary winding L2 are the same port.
  • the output terminal 213 of the first rectifier circuit 210 is connected to the output terminal 223 of the second rectifier circuit 220 and the power output positive terminal Vout +.
  • the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit are directly grounded, that is, the power is directly rectified through the transformer, and it is not necessary to provide an additional power supply winding on the transformer to power the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit, thereby reducing the transformer. Processing costs are more conducive to PCB wiring and improve power density.
  • the first rectifier circuit 210 shown in FIG. 3 includes a first power control chip 310, a first switch Q1, a first diode D1, a first resistor R1, a first Capacitor EC1; wherein the first switching transistor Q1 may be a transistor or a MOSFET.
  • the following description uses the first switching transistor Q1 as a MOSFET as an example.
  • the second terminal L12 of the first secondary winding L1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode D1
  • the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1
  • the first resistor R1 The other end is connected to one end of the first capacitor EC1 and the power supply terminal (Volt Current Condenser, VCC) of the first power control chip 310
  • the control end of the first power control chip 310 is connected to the gate G of the first switch Q1.
  • the first end L11 of the first secondary winding L1 is connected to the other end of the first capacitor EC1, the ground terminal (Ground, GND) of the first power control chip 310, and the source S of the first switch Q1,
  • the drain D of the first switch Q1 is connected to the power output positive terminal Vout +.
  • the second rectifier circuit 220 includes a second power control chip 320, a second switch Q2, a second diode D2, a second resistor R2, and a second capacitor EC2;
  • the second switching transistor Q2 may be a triode or a MOSFET. The following uses the second switching transistor Q2 as a MOSFET as an example for description.
  • the first terminal L21 of the second secondary winding L2 is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode D2, the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, and the second resistor R2 The other end is connected to one end of the second capacitor EC2 and the power supply terminal VCC of the second power control chip 320, and the control end of the second power control chip 320 is connected to the gate G of the second switch Q2; the second secondary The second end L22 of the winding L2 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor EC2, the ground terminal GND of the second power control chip 320, the source S of the second switch Q2, and the drain D of the second switch Q2. Connect the above-mentioned power output negative terminal Vout-.
  • Using a MOSFET with extremely low on-resistance as a switching tube can greatly reduce the loss of the rectifier circuit, improve the efficiency of the DC / DC converter, and meet the needs of low-voltage and high-current rectifiers.
  • the synchronous rectification circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include a filter circuit 230.
  • the filter circuit 230 is connected between the power output positive terminal Vout + and the power output negative terminal Vout-.
  • the filter circuit 230 may include at least one filter capacitor.
  • the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are used as an example.
  • the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are connected in parallel to the first rectifier circuit 210 and the first filter capacitor C2.
  • the voltage rectified by the two rectifying circuits 220 is filtered.
  • the filtering circuit 230 works to convert the rectified pulsating DC power into smooth DC power.
  • the voltage polarity of the second secondary winding L2 of the transformer is also positive, negative and negative, the first terminal voltage of the second secondary winding L2 is positive, and the voltage of the second terminal of the second secondary winding L2 It is negative.
  • the voltage of the first input terminal 221 of the second rectifier circuit 220 is negative and the voltage of the second input terminal 222 is positive.
  • the positive voltage of the second diode D2 is positive, and the second two The negative voltage of the electrode D2 is negative, the second diode D2 is in a conducting state, and the voltage passes through the second Diode D2, the second resistor R2, a second capacitor charge EC2, the second capacitor energy EC2 stored energy is released when the voltage polarity is reversed, the second power control chip 320 drives the second switching transistor Q2 to provide electrical power.
  • the driving signal may be a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal.
  • the first power control chip 310 may send a PWM signal to the gate G of the first switch Q1 through the control terminal to adjust the first rectifier circuit 210.
  • the magnitude of the output voltage The magnitude of the voltage output by the first rectifier circuit 210 is proportional to the duty cycle of the PWM signal.
  • the voltage polarity of the first secondary winding L1 of the transformer is positive, negative and positive, the voltage of the first terminal L11 of the first secondary winding L1 is negative, and the voltage of the second terminal L12 of the first secondary winding L1 is positive.
  • the voltage of the first input terminal 211 of the first rectifier circuit 210 is negative, the voltage of the second input terminal 212 is positive, the positive voltage of the first diode D1 is positive, and the negative voltage of the first diode D1 is negative.
  • the first diode D1 is in a conducting state, and the voltage passes through the first diode D1 and the first resistor R1 to charge a first capacitor EC1.
  • the first capacitor EC1 stores electrical energy and releases energy when the voltage polarity is reversed To provide power for the first power control chip 310 to drive the first switch Q1.
  • the voltage polarity of the second secondary winding L2 of the transformer is also positive, negative and positive, the voltage of the first terminal L21 of the second secondary winding L2 is negative, and the voltage of the second terminal L22 of the second secondary winding L2 is positive.
  • the voltage of the first input terminal 221 of the second rectifier circuit 220 is positive, and the voltage of the second input terminal 222 is negative.
  • the positive voltage of the second diode D2 is negative and the second diode D2 The negative voltage is positive, and the second diode D2 is in a non-conducting state.
  • the control terminal of the second power control chip 320 of the second rectifier circuit 220 sends a driving signal to the gate G of the second switch Q2. To achieve synchronous rectification.
  • the driving signal may be a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the second power control chip 320 may send a PWM signal to the gate G of the second switch Q2 through the control terminal to adjust the second rectifier circuit 220.
  • the magnitude of the output voltage The magnitude of the voltage output by the first rectifier circuit 220 is proportional to the duty cycle of the PWM signal.
  • the second rectifying circuit 220 When the first rectifying circuit 210 performs rectification, the second rectifying circuit 220 charges through the second capacitor EC2; when the voltage polarity is reversed and the second rectifying circuit 220 performs rectification, the first rectifying circuit 210 passes through the first capacitor EC1 performs charging, wherein the second rectifier circuit 220 obtains the electric energy that drives the second switching tube Q2 through the discharge of the second capacitor EC2.
  • the above steps can be performed alternately in sequence with the periodic change of the polarity of the AC voltage.
  • the pulsating DC power is processed by the filter circuit 230 after rectification to convert the pulsating DC power into a smoother DC power.
  • the filter capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor C2 have polarities, one end is positive, and the other end is negative.
  • the positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power output, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power output.
  • the filter capacitor may be a high-frequency filter capacitor, which is applied to the filtering after rectification of the switching power supply, including an electrolytic capacitor.
  • the capacitance is not its main index.
  • the criterion for measuring the pros and cons of high-frequency electrolytic capacitors is the "impedance-frequency" characteristic. It is required to have a lower equivalent impedance in the operating frequency of the switching power supply, and at the same time, it has a good filtering effect on the high-frequency spike signals generated during the operation of the semiconductor device.
  • a high-frequency electrolytic capacitor dedicated to a switching power supply has four terminals, and two ends of a positive electrode are respectively drawn as a positive electrode of a capacitor, and two ends of a negative electrode are also drawn as a negative electrode.
  • the capacitor is charged when the rectified voltage is higher than the capacitor voltage, and the capacitor is discharged when the rectified voltage is lower than the capacitor voltage.
  • the output voltage is basically stable.
  • Filter capacitors can be connected in parallel to improve the efficiency of filtering.
  • the AC voltage waveform of the voltage at the first end of the first secondary winding of the transformer and the second end of the second secondary winding has a square wave shape. It can be understood that when the AC voltage waveform is positive on the Y-axis When the shaft is half-axis, the voltage polarity corresponds to the positive polarity of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are positive, negative, and negative (that is, the first ends of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are positive, The second ends of the primary winding and the second secondary winding are negative).
  • the first rectifying circuit rectifies the voltage between the first end and the second end of the first secondary winding, and at the same time
  • the second capacitor in the rectifier circuit is charged; when the AC voltage waveform is on the negative half axis of the Y-axis, the voltage polarity corresponds to the voltage polarity of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding being positive, negative, and positive (ie, the first The second ends of the primary winding and the second secondary winding are positive, and the first ends of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are negative).
  • the second rectifier circuit The voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is rectified, and the first capacitor in the first rectifying circuit is charged at the same time. Electricity; after rectification, it will pass through the filter circuit, and after filtering, a smoother DC voltage waveform will appear.
  • the synchronous rectification circuit provided in this application is not only applicable to bridge circuits, but also applicable to other full-wave rectification circuits.
  • a synchronous rectifier circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a transformer, a first rectifier circuit, a second rectifier circuit, a positive power output terminal and a negative power output terminal, where the first rectifier circuit
  • the ground terminal of the second rectifier circuit is connected to the first winding and the second winding of the transformer, respectively. It is not necessary to provide an additional power supply winding on the transformer, which reduces the processing cost of the transformer. For the occasion where the rectifier circuit and the transformer need to be separated, the power supply winding is omitted, which is more conducive to PCB wiring and improves the power density of the power supply.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a rectifying device, including the foregoing synchronous rectifying circuit, and details are not described herein again.

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Abstract

A synchronous rectifier circuit and a rectifier device. The synchronous rectifier circuit comprises a transformer (T1), a first rectifier circuit (210), a second rectifier circuit (220), a positive power source output end (Vout+), and a negative power source output end (Vout-). The transformer (T1) comprises a primary winding (L0), a first secondary winding (L1), and a second secondary winding (L2). The first end (L11) of the first secondary winding (L1) is connected to the first input end (211) of the first rectifier circuit (210), and the second end (L12) of the first secondary winding (L1) is connected to the second input end (212) of the first rectifier circuit (210), the second input end (222) of the second rectifier circuit (220), the first end (L21) of the second secondary winding (L2), and the negative power source output end (Vout-); the second end (L22) of the second secondary winding (L2) is connected to the first input end (221) of the second rectifier circuit (220); the output end (213) of the first rectifier circuit (210) is connected to the output end (223) of the second rectifier circuit (220) and the positive power source output end (Vout+). No additional power supply winding is required to be provided to the transformer (T1), thereby reducing the processing costs of the transformer, facilitating PCB wiring, and improving the power density of a power source.

Description

同步整流电路和整流装置Synchronous rectifier circuit and rectifier 技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及电子技术领域,特别是一种同步整流电路和整流装置。The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, and particularly to a synchronous rectification circuit and a rectification device.
背景技术Background technique
整流电路(Rectifying Circuit)是把交流电能转换为直流电能的电路。大多数整流电路由变压器、整流主电路和滤波器等组成。它在直流电动机的调速、发电机的励磁调节、电解、电镀等领域得到广泛应用。整流电路通常由主电路、滤波器和变压器组成。Rectifying circuit is a circuit that converts AC power to DC power. Most rectifier circuits are composed of transformers, rectifier main circuits and filters. It is widely used in DC motor speed regulation, generator excitation regulation, electrolysis, electroplating and other fields. The rectifier circuit usually consists of a main circuit, a filter and a transformer.
在整流电路的应用上,同步整流电路属于比较优选的电路,如图1所示。其常规供电方式为在变压器上增加额外供电绕组为整流电路供电,往往线路复杂,增加变压器绕制难度及成本。且在印制电路板(Printed Circuit Board,PCB)上布板时,需要占用更多的PCB空间,不利于提高电源功率密度。In the application of the rectifier circuit, the synchronous rectifier circuit belongs to a relatively preferred circuit, as shown in FIG. 1. The conventional power supply method is to add an extra power supply winding to the transformer to power the rectifier circuit, which often has complicated lines, which increases the difficulty and cost of the transformer winding. In addition, when laying a board on a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB), it needs to occupy more PCB space, which is not conducive to improving the power density of the power supply.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
为解决上述同步整流电路中出现的问题,本申请提供了一种同步整流电路和整流装置,可以使整流电路通过接地来获取交流电进行整流,省掉供电绕组,更利于PCB布线,提高电源功率密度。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the synchronous rectification circuit, the present application provides a synchronous rectification circuit and a rectification device, which can make the rectification circuit obtain the alternating current through the ground for rectification, omitting the power supply winding, more conducive to PCB wiring, and increasing the power density of the power supply. .
本申请实施例第一方面,提供了一种同步整流电路,应用于正极整流,包括变压器、第一整流电路、第二整流电路、电源输出正端和电源输出负端,其中:According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a synchronous rectification circuit is provided, which is applied to positive rectification and includes a transformer, a first rectification circuit, a second rectification circuit, a power output positive terminal and a power output negative terminal, wherein:
所述变压器包括初级绕组、第一次级绕组和第二次级绕组;所述第一次级绕组的第一端连接所述第一整流电路的第一输入端,所述第一次级绕组的第二端连接所述第一整流电路的第二输入端、所述第二整流电路的第二输入端、所述第二次级绕组的第一端和所述电源输出负端;所述第二次级绕组的第二端连接所述第二整流电路的第一输入端;所述第一整流电路的输出端连接所述第二整流电路的输出端和所述电源输出正端;The transformer includes a primary winding, a first secondary winding, and a second secondary winding; a first end of the first secondary winding is connected to a first input end of the first rectifying circuit, and the first secondary winding A second terminal of is connected to a second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit, a second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit, a first terminal of the second secondary winding, and the power output negative terminal; The second end of the second secondary winding is connected to the first input end of the second rectification circuit; the output end of the first rectification circuit is connected to the output end of the second rectification circuit and the power output positive end;
在所述第一次级绕组的第一端的极性为正,所述第一次级绕组的第二端的 极性为负时,所述第一整流电路实现整流功能;When the polarity of the first end of the first secondary winding is positive and the polarity of the second end of the first secondary winding is negative, the first rectifying circuit implements a rectifying function;
在所述第一次级绕组的第一端的极性为负,所述第一次级绕组的第二端的极性为正时,所述第二整流电路实现整流功能。When the polarity of the first end of the first secondary winding is negative and the polarity of the second end of the first secondary winding is positive, the second rectifying circuit implements a rectifying function.
在一个实施例中,所述第一整流电路包括:第一电源控制芯片、第一开关管、第一二极管,第一电阻、第一电容;In one embodiment, the first rectifier circuit includes: a first power control chip, a first switch tube, a first diode, a first resistor, and a first capacitor;
所述第一整流电路的第二输入端连接所述第一二极管的正极,所述第一二极管的负极连接所述第一电阻的第一端,所述第一电阻的第二端连接所述第一电容的第一端和第一电源控制芯片的供电端,所述第一电源控制芯片的控制端连接所述第一开关管的第一端;所述第一整流电路的第一输入端连接所述第一电容的第二端、所述第一电源控制芯片的接地端和所述第一开关管的第二端,所述第一开关管的第三端连接所述第一整流电路的输出端。A second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is connected to a positive electrode of the first diode, a negative electrode of the first diode is connected to a first terminal of the first resistor, and a second terminal of the first resistor is Terminal is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and the power supply terminal of the first power control chip, and the control terminal of the first power control chip is connected to the first terminal of the first switch tube; A first input terminal is connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor, a ground terminal of the first power control chip and a second terminal of the first switch tube, and a third terminal of the first switch tube is connected to the An output terminal of the first rectifying circuit.
在一个实施例中,所述第二整流电路包括:第二电源控制芯片、第二开关管、第二二极管,第二电阻、第二电容;In one embodiment, the second rectifier circuit includes: a second power control chip, a second switch tube, a second diode, a second resistor, and a second capacitor;
所述第二整流电路的第二输入端连接所述第二二极管的正极,所述第二二极管的负极连接所述第二电阻的第一端,所述第二电阻的第二端连接所述第二电容的第一端和第二电源控制芯片的供电端,所述第二电源控制芯片的控制端连接所述第二开关管的第一端;所述第二整流电路的第二输入端连接所述第二电容的第二端、所述第二电源控制芯片的接地端和所述第二开关管的第二端,所述第二开关管的第三端连接所述第二整流电路的输出端。A second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is connected to a positive electrode of the second diode, a negative electrode of the second diode is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor, and a second terminal of the second resistor The second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the power supply terminal of the second power control chip, and the control terminal of the second power control chip is connected to the first terminal of the second switch tube; A second input terminal is connected to a second terminal of the second capacitor, a ground terminal of the second power control chip, and a second terminal of the second switch tube, and a third terminal of the second switch tube is connected to the An output terminal of the second rectifier circuit.
在一个实施例中,当所述第一整流电路的第一输入端极性为正,所述第一整流电路的第二输入端极性为负时,所述第一二极管不导通,所述第一电源芯片驱动所述第一开关管完成整流,此时所述第二整流电路的第一输入端极性为负,所述第二整流电路的第二输入端极性为正,所述第二二极管导通,所述第二绕组的第一端和第二端之间的电压经过所述第二二极管、第二电阻,为所述第二电容充电,所述第二电容储存电能的作用包括为所述第二电源控制芯片提供能量。In one embodiment, when the polarity of the first input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is positive and the polarity of the second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is negative, the first diode is not turned on. The first power chip drives the first switch to complete rectification, and at this time, the polarity of the first input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is negative, and the polarity of the second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is positive The second diode is turned on, and the voltage between the first end and the second end of the second winding passes through the second diode and the second resistor to charge the second capacitor, so The function of the second capacitor to store electrical energy includes providing energy to the second power control chip.
在一个实施例中,当所述第一整流电路的第一输入端极性为负,所述第一整流电路的第二输入端极性为正时,所述第一二极管导通,所述第一绕组的第一端和第二端之间的电压经过所述第一二极管、第一电阻,为所述第一电容充 电,所述第一电容储存电能的作用包括为所述第一电源控制芯片提供能量,此时所述第二整流电路的第一输入端极性为正,所述第二整流电路的第二输入端极性为负,所述第二二极管不导通,所述第二电源芯片驱动所述第二开关管完成整流。In one embodiment, when the polarity of the first input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is negative and the polarity of the second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is positive, the first diode is turned on, The voltage between the first end and the second end of the first winding passes through the first diode and the first resistor to charge the first capacitor. The function of the first capacitor to store electrical energy includes The first power control chip provides energy, at this time, the polarity of the first input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is positive, the polarity of the second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is negative, and the second diode When not conducting, the second power chip drives the second switch to complete rectification.
在一个实施例中,所述第一开关管和第二开关管包括金属氧化物半导体场效应管MOSFET。In one embodiment, the first switching transistor and the second switching transistor include a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
在一个实施例中,所述金属氧化物半导体场效应管MOSFET的漏极与所述电源输出正端连接。In one embodiment, a drain of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor MOSFET is connected to the positive terminal of the power output.
在一个实施例中,所述同步整流电路还包括:位于所述电源输出正端与所述电源输出负端之间的滤波电路。In one embodiment, the synchronous rectification circuit further includes a filter circuit located between the positive terminal of the power output and the negative terminal of the power output.
在一个实施例中,所述滤波电路包括两个并联的滤波电容。In one embodiment, the filter circuit includes two filter capacitors connected in parallel.
本申请实施例第二方面,提供了一种整流装置,包括了本申请实施例第一方面所描述的同步整流电路。According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a rectifying device is provided, which includes the synchronous rectifying circuit described in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
本申请实施例提供了一种同步整流电路,包括变压器、第一整流电路、第二整流电路、电源输出正端和电源输出负端,其中第一整流电路和第二整流电路的接地端分别与变压器的第一绕组和第二绕组连接,不需要在变压器上设置额外的供电绕组,降低变压器加工成本。对于整流电路与变压器需要分开布局的场合,省掉供电绕组,更利于PCB布线,提高电源功率密度。An embodiment of the present application provides a synchronous rectification circuit, which includes a transformer, a first rectification circuit, a second rectification circuit, a power output positive terminal, and a power output negative terminal. The ground terminals of the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit are respectively connected to The first winding and the second winding of the transformer are connected, and there is no need to provide an additional power supply winding on the transformer, which reduces the transformer processing cost. For the occasion where the rectifier circuit and the transformer need to be separated, the power supply winding is omitted, which is more conducive to PCB wiring and improves the power density of the power supply.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员而言,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without paying creative labor.
图1为现有技术的同步整流电路的结构示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art synchronous rectification circuit;
图2为本申请实施例中一种同步整流电路的结构示意图;FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous rectification circuit according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG.
图3为本申请实施例中一种同步整流电路的具体结构示意图;FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a synchronous rectification circuit according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG.
图4为本申请实施例中另一种同步整流电路的具体结构示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of another synchronous rectifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
图5为本申请实施例中的电压波形变化对比图。FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of voltage waveform changes in the embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only These are part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象,而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元,而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元,或可选地还包括对于这些过程、产品或设备固有的其他步骤或单元。The terms “first”, “second”, and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, and are not used to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, system, product, or device containing a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units not listed, or optionally includes Other steps or units inherent to the process, product, or equipment.
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是,本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。Reference to "an embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
请参阅图2,图2为本申请实施例提供的一种同步整流电路的结构示意图。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous rectification circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
本申请提供一种同步整流电路,包括变压器T1、第一整流电路210,第二整流电路220、电源输出正端Vout+、电源输出负端Vout-;The present application provides a synchronous rectification circuit, which includes a transformer T1, a first rectification circuit 210, a second rectification circuit 220, a power output positive terminal Vout +, and a power output negative terminal Vout-;
其中,上述变压器T1包括初级绕组L0,第一次级绕组L1和第二次级绕组L2,上述第一次级绕组L1的第一端L11与第一整流电路210的第一输入端211连接,上述第一次级绕组L1的第二端L12与第一整流电路210的第二输入端212、第二整流电路220的第二输入端222、电源输出负端Vout-连接,上述第二次级绕组L2的第二端L22与第二整流电路220的第一输入端221连接,上述第一次级绕组L1的第二端L22与第二次级绕组L2的第一端L21为同一端口。上述第一整流电路210的输出端213与第二整流电路220的输出端223、电源输出正端Vout+连接。The transformer T1 includes a primary winding L0, a first secondary winding L1, and a second secondary winding L2. A first terminal L11 of the first secondary winding L1 is connected to a first input terminal 211 of the first rectifier circuit 210. The second terminal L12 of the first secondary winding L1 is connected to the second input terminal 212 of the first rectifier circuit 210, the second input terminal 222 of the second rectifier circuit 220, and the negative output terminal Vout of the power supply. The second terminal L22 of the winding L2 is connected to the first input terminal 221 of the second rectifier circuit 220. The second terminal L22 of the first secondary winding L1 and the first terminal L21 of the second secondary winding L2 are the same port. The output terminal 213 of the first rectifier circuit 210 is connected to the output terminal 223 of the second rectifier circuit 220 and the power output positive terminal Vout +.
通过上述连接方式,第一整流电路和第二整流电路通过直接接地,即直接通过变压器取电整流,可以不必在变压器上设置额外的供电绕组为第一整流电路和第二整流电路供电,降低变压器加工成本,更利于PCB布线,提高电源功率密度。Through the above connection method, the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit are directly grounded, that is, the power is directly rectified through the transformer, and it is not necessary to provide an additional power supply winding on the transformer to power the first rectification circuit and the second rectification circuit, thereby reducing the transformer. Processing costs are more conducive to PCB wiring and improve power density.
在一个实施方式中,如图3所示,图3所示的第一整流电路210包括第一电源控制芯片310、第一开关管Q1、第一二极管D1,第一电阻R1、第一电容EC1;其中,第一开关管Q1可以为三极管或MOSFET管。下面以第一开关管Q1为MOSFET管为例进行说明。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the first rectifier circuit 210 shown in FIG. 3 includes a first power control chip 310, a first switch Q1, a first diode D1, a first resistor R1, a first Capacitor EC1; wherein the first switching transistor Q1 may be a transistor or a MOSFET. The following description uses the first switching transistor Q1 as a MOSFET as an example.
可选的,上述第一次级绕组L1的第二端L12连接上述第一二极管D1的正极,上述第一二极管D1的负极连接上述第一电阻R1的一端,上述第一电阻R1的另一端连接上述第一电容EC1的一端和第一电源控制芯片310的供电端(Volt Current Condenser,VCC),上述第一电源控制芯片310的控制端连接上述第一开关管Q1的栅极G;上述第一次级绕组L1的第一端L11连接上述第一电容EC1的另一端、上述第一电源控制芯片310的接地端(Ground,GND)和上述第一开关管Q1的源极S,上述第一开关管Q1的漏极D连接上述电源输出正端Vout+。Optionally, the second terminal L12 of the first secondary winding L1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode D1, the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, and the first resistor R1 The other end is connected to one end of the first capacitor EC1 and the power supply terminal (Volt Current Condenser, VCC) of the first power control chip 310, and the control end of the first power control chip 310 is connected to the gate G of the first switch Q1. ; The first end L11 of the first secondary winding L1 is connected to the other end of the first capacitor EC1, the ground terminal (Ground, GND) of the first power control chip 310, and the source S of the first switch Q1, The drain D of the first switch Q1 is connected to the power output positive terminal Vout +.
在一个实施例中,如图3所示,第二整流电路220包括第二电源控制芯片320、第二开关管Q2、第二二极管D2,第二电阻R2、第二电容EC2;其中,第二开关管Q2可以为三极管或MOSFET管。下面以第二开关管Q2为MOSFET管为例进行说明。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the second rectifier circuit 220 includes a second power control chip 320, a second switch Q2, a second diode D2, a second resistor R2, and a second capacitor EC2; The second switching transistor Q2 may be a triode or a MOSFET. The following uses the second switching transistor Q2 as a MOSFET as an example for description.
可选的,上述第二次级绕组L2的第一端L21连接上述第二二极管D2的正极,上述第二二极管D2的负极连接上述第二电阻R2的一端,上述第二电阻R2的另一端连接上述第二电容EC2的一端和第二电源控制芯片320的供电端VCC,上述第二电源控制芯片320的控制端连接上述第二开关管Q2的栅极G;上述第二次级绕组L2的第二端L22连接上述第二电容EC2的另一端、上述第二电源控制芯片320的接地端GND和上述第二开关管Q2的源极S,上述第二开关管Q2的漏极D连接上述电源输出负端Vout-。Optionally, the first terminal L21 of the second secondary winding L2 is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode D2, the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, and the second resistor R2 The other end is connected to one end of the second capacitor EC2 and the power supply terminal VCC of the second power control chip 320, and the control end of the second power control chip 320 is connected to the gate G of the second switch Q2; the second secondary The second end L22 of the winding L2 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor EC2, the ground terminal GND of the second power control chip 320, the source S of the second switch Q2, and the drain D of the second switch Q2. Connect the above-mentioned power output negative terminal Vout-.
将通态电阻极低的MOSFET作为开关管,能大大降低整流电路的损耗,提高DC/DC变换器的效率,满足低压、大电流整流器的需要。Using a MOSFET with extremely low on-resistance as a switching tube can greatly reduce the loss of the rectifier circuit, improve the efficiency of the DC / DC converter, and meet the needs of low-voltage and high-current rectifiers.
可选的,如图4所示,本申请实施例提供的同步整流电路还可包括滤波电路230,上述滤波电路230连接在电源输出正端Vout+和电源输出负端Vout-之间,进一步的,该滤波电路230可以包括至少一个滤波电容,本实施例以第一滤波电容C1、第二滤波电容C2举例说明,第一滤波电容C1与第二滤波电容C2并联,对第一整流电路210和第二整流电路220整流后的电压进行滤波处理。Optionally, as shown in FIG. 4, the synchronous rectification circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include a filter circuit 230. The filter circuit 230 is connected between the power output positive terminal Vout + and the power output negative terminal Vout-. Further, The filter circuit 230 may include at least one filter capacitor. In this embodiment, the first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are used as an example. The first filter capacitor C1 and the second filter capacitor C2 are connected in parallel to the first rectifier circuit 210 and the first filter capacitor C2. The voltage rectified by the two rectifying circuits 220 is filtered.
通过滤波电路230工作可以将整流后的脉动直流电转化为较平滑的直流电。The filtering circuit 230 works to convert the rectified pulsating DC power into smooth DC power.
结合图2至图4,下面对本申请提供的同步整流电路的工作原理进行说明。With reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, the working principle of the synchronous rectification circuit provided in the present application is described below.
当变压器的第一次级绕组L1电压极性为上正下负时,第一次级绕组L1的第一端L11电压为正,第一次级绕组L1的第二端L12电压为负,此时第一整流电路210的第一输入端211电压为正,第二输入端212电压为负,可以了解到,此时第一二极管D1的正极电压为负,第一二极管D1的负极电压为正,该第一二极管D1处于不导通状态,此时该第一整流电路210的第一电源控制芯片310的控制端向第一开关管Q1的栅极G发送驱动信号,实现同步整流功能;此时变压器的第二次级绕组L2电压极性同样为上正下负,第二次级绕组L2的第一端电压为正,第二次级绕组L2的第二端电压为负,此时第二整流电路220的第一输入端221电压为负,第二输入端222电压为正,可以了解到,此时第二二极管D2的正极电压为正,第二二极管D2的负极电压为负,该第二二极管D2处于导通状态,电压经过上述第二二极管D2、第二电阻R2,为第二电容EC2充电,该第二电容EC2储存电能,在电压极性反转时释放能量,为第二电源控制芯片320驱动第二开关管Q2提供电能。When the voltage polarity of the first secondary winding L1 of the transformer is positive, negative, and negative, the voltage of the first terminal L11 of the first secondary winding L1 is positive, and the voltage of the second terminal L12 of the first secondary winding L1 is negative. When the voltage at the first input terminal 211 of the first rectifier circuit 210 is positive and the voltage at the second input terminal 212 is negative, it can be understood that the positive voltage of the first diode D1 is negative at this time. The negative voltage is positive, and the first diode D1 is in a non-conducting state. At this time, the control terminal of the first power control chip 310 of the first rectifier circuit 210 sends a driving signal to the gate G of the first switch Q1. Realize synchronous rectification function; at this time, the voltage polarity of the second secondary winding L2 of the transformer is also positive, negative and negative, the first terminal voltage of the second secondary winding L2 is positive, and the voltage of the second terminal of the second secondary winding L2 It is negative. At this time, the voltage of the first input terminal 221 of the second rectifier circuit 220 is negative and the voltage of the second input terminal 222 is positive. It can be understood that at this time, the positive voltage of the second diode D2 is positive, and the second two The negative voltage of the electrode D2 is negative, the second diode D2 is in a conducting state, and the voltage passes through the second Diode D2, the second resistor R2, a second capacitor charge EC2, the second capacitor energy EC2 stored energy is released when the voltage polarity is reversed, the second power control chip 320 drives the second switching transistor Q2 to provide electrical power.
其中,上述驱动信号可以为脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)信号,第一电源控制芯片310可以通过控制端向第一开关管Q1的栅极G发送PWM信号,以调节第一整流电路210输出的电压的大小。其中,第一整流电路210输出的电压的大小与PWM信号的占空比成正比。The driving signal may be a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal. The first power control chip 310 may send a PWM signal to the gate G of the first switch Q1 through the control terminal to adjust the first rectifier circuit 210. The magnitude of the output voltage. The magnitude of the voltage output by the first rectifier circuit 210 is proportional to the duty cycle of the PWM signal.
当变压器的第一次级绕组L1电压极性为上负下正时,第一次级绕组L1的第一端L11电压为负,第一次级绕组L1的第二端L12电压为正,此时第一整流电路210的第一输入端211电压为负,第二输入端212电压为正,第一二极管D1的正极电压为正,第一二极管D1的负极电压为负,该第一二极管D1 处于导通状态,电压经过上述第一二极管D1、第一电阻R1,为第一电容EC1充电,该第一电容EC1储存电能,在电压极性反转时释放能量,为第一电源控制芯片310驱动第一开关管Q1提供电能。此时变压器的第二次级绕组L2电压极性同样为上负下正,第二次级绕组L2的第一端L21电压为负,第二次级绕组L2的第二端L22电压为正,此时第二整流电路220的第一输入端221电压为正,第二输入端222电压为负,可以了解到,此时第二二极管D2的正极电压为负,第二二极管D2的负极电压为正,该第二二极管D2处于不导通状态,此时该第二整流电路220的第二电源控制芯片320的控制端向第二开关管Q2的栅极G发送驱动信号,实现同步整流功能。When the voltage polarity of the first secondary winding L1 of the transformer is positive, negative and positive, the voltage of the first terminal L11 of the first secondary winding L1 is negative, and the voltage of the second terminal L12 of the first secondary winding L1 is positive. When the voltage of the first input terminal 211 of the first rectifier circuit 210 is negative, the voltage of the second input terminal 212 is positive, the positive voltage of the first diode D1 is positive, and the negative voltage of the first diode D1 is negative. The first diode D1 is in a conducting state, and the voltage passes through the first diode D1 and the first resistor R1 to charge a first capacitor EC1. The first capacitor EC1 stores electrical energy and releases energy when the voltage polarity is reversed To provide power for the first power control chip 310 to drive the first switch Q1. At this time, the voltage polarity of the second secondary winding L2 of the transformer is also positive, negative and positive, the voltage of the first terminal L21 of the second secondary winding L2 is negative, and the voltage of the second terminal L22 of the second secondary winding L2 is positive. At this time, the voltage of the first input terminal 221 of the second rectifier circuit 220 is positive, and the voltage of the second input terminal 222 is negative. It can be understood that the positive voltage of the second diode D2 is negative and the second diode D2 The negative voltage is positive, and the second diode D2 is in a non-conducting state. At this time, the control terminal of the second power control chip 320 of the second rectifier circuit 220 sends a driving signal to the gate G of the second switch Q2. To achieve synchronous rectification.
其中,上述驱动信号可以为脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)信号,第二电源控制芯片320可以通过控制端向第二开关管Q2的栅极G发送PWM信号,以调节第二整流电路220输出的电压的大小。其中,第一整流电路220输出的电压的大小与PWM信号的占空比成正比。The driving signal may be a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal. The second power control chip 320 may send a PWM signal to the gate G of the second switch Q2 through the control terminal to adjust the second rectifier circuit 220. The magnitude of the output voltage. The magnitude of the voltage output by the first rectifier circuit 220 is proportional to the duty cycle of the PWM signal.
其中,第一整流电路210在进行整流时,第二整流电路220通过第二电容EC2进行充电;当电压极性反转,第二整流电路220进行整流时,第一整流电路210通过第一电容EC1进行充电,其中第二整流电路220通过第二电容EC2放电获得驱动第二开关管Q2的电能,上述步骤可以通过随着交流电压极性的周期变化依次交替进行。When the first rectifying circuit 210 performs rectification, the second rectifying circuit 220 charges through the second capacitor EC2; when the voltage polarity is reversed and the second rectifying circuit 220 performs rectification, the first rectifying circuit 210 passes through the first capacitor EC1 performs charging, wherein the second rectifier circuit 220 obtains the electric energy that drives the second switching tube Q2 through the discharge of the second capacitor EC2. The above steps can be performed alternately in sequence with the periodic change of the polarity of the AC voltage.
可选的,在整流之后通过滤波电路230对脉动直流电进行处理,将脉动直流电转化为较平滑的直流电。该滤波电容C1和滤波电容C2具有极性,一端为正极,另一端为负极,将正极端连接在电源输出正端,负极连接电源输出负端。Optionally, the pulsating DC power is processed by the filter circuit 230 after rectification to convert the pulsating DC power into a smoother DC power. The filter capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor C2 have polarities, one end is positive, and the other end is negative. The positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power output, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power output.
可选的,滤波电容可以选择高频滤波电容,应用于开关电源整流后的滤波,包括电解电容器。这时电容量并不是其主要指标,衡量高频电解电容优劣的标准是“阻抗-频率”特性。要求在开关电源的工作频率内要有较低的等效阻抗,同时对半导体器件工作时产生的高频尖峰信号具有良好的滤波作用。Optionally, the filter capacitor may be a high-frequency filter capacitor, which is applied to the filtering after rectification of the switching power supply, including an electrolytic capacitor. At this time, the capacitance is not its main index. The criterion for measuring the pros and cons of high-frequency electrolytic capacitors is the "impedance-frequency" characteristic. It is required to have a lower equivalent impedance in the operating frequency of the switching power supply, and at the same time, it has a good filtering effect on the high-frequency spike signals generated during the operation of the semiconductor device.
具体的,开关电源专用的高频电解电容器有四个端,正极的两端分别引出作为电容的正极,负极的两端也分别引出作为负极。电流从四端电容的一个正端流入,经过电容内部,再从另一个正端流向负载;从负载返回的电流也从电 容的一个负端流入,再从另一个负端流向电源负端,本领域技术人员可以知道,整流电压高于电容电压时电容充电,当整流电压低于电容电压时电容放电,在充放电的过程中,使输出电压基本稳定。Specifically, a high-frequency electrolytic capacitor dedicated to a switching power supply has four terminals, and two ends of a positive electrode are respectively drawn as a positive electrode of a capacitor, and two ends of a negative electrode are also drawn as a negative electrode. Current flows from one positive terminal of the four-terminal capacitor, passes through the capacitor, and then flows from the other positive terminal to the load; the current returned from the load also flows from one negative terminal of the capacitor, and then flows from the other negative terminal to the negative terminal of the power supply. Those skilled in the art can know that the capacitor is charged when the rectified voltage is higher than the capacitor voltage, and the capacitor is discharged when the rectified voltage is lower than the capacitor voltage. During the charging and discharging process, the output voltage is basically stable.
在所有需要将交流电转换为直流电的电路中,设置滤波电容会使电子电路的工作性能更加稳定,同时也降低了交变脉动波纹对电子电路的干扰。将滤波电容并联可以提高滤波的工作效率。In all circuits that need to convert AC power to DC power, setting a filter capacitor will make the electronic circuit work more stable and reduce the interference of the alternating ripple on the electronic circuit. Filter capacitors can be connected in parallel to improve the efficiency of filtering.
结合图5可以了解到,变压器的第一次级绕组的第一端与第二次级绕组的第二端电压的交流电压波形呈方波形状,可以了解到,当交流电压波形在Y轴正半轴时,电压极性对应第一次级绕组和第二次级绕组的电压极性为上正下负(即,第一次级绕组和第二次级绕组的第一端为正、第一次级绕组和第二次级绕组的第二端为负),此时,第一整流电路对第一次级绕组的第一端和第二端之间的电压进行整流,同时对第二整流电路中的第二电容进行充电;当交流电压波形在Y轴负半轴时,电压极性对应第一次级绕组和第二次级绕组的电压极性为上负下正(即,第一次级绕组和第二次级绕组的第二端为正、第一次级绕组和第二次级绕组的第一端为负),此时,第二整流电路对第一次级绕组的第一端和第二端之间的电压进行整流,同时对第一整流电路中的第一电容进行充电;整流之后会经过滤波电路,滤波之后会呈现较平滑的直流电压波形。With reference to FIG. 5, it can be understood that the AC voltage waveform of the voltage at the first end of the first secondary winding of the transformer and the second end of the second secondary winding has a square wave shape. It can be understood that when the AC voltage waveform is positive on the Y-axis When the shaft is half-axis, the voltage polarity corresponds to the positive polarity of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are positive, negative, and negative (that is, the first ends of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are positive, The second ends of the primary winding and the second secondary winding are negative). At this time, the first rectifying circuit rectifies the voltage between the first end and the second end of the first secondary winding, and at the same time The second capacitor in the rectifier circuit is charged; when the AC voltage waveform is on the negative half axis of the Y-axis, the voltage polarity corresponds to the voltage polarity of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding being positive, negative, and positive (ie, the first The second ends of the primary winding and the second secondary winding are positive, and the first ends of the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding are negative). At this time, the second rectifier circuit The voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal is rectified, and the first capacitor in the first rectifying circuit is charged at the same time. Electricity; after rectification, it will pass through the filter circuit, and after filtering, a smoother DC voltage waveform will appear.
可选的,本申请提供的同步整流电路不仅适用于桥式电路,也适用于其他全波整流电路。Optionally, the synchronous rectification circuit provided in this application is not only applicable to bridge circuits, but also applicable to other full-wave rectification circuits.
相比起现有的同步整流电路,本申请实施例提供的一种同步整流电路,包括变压器、第一整流电路、第二整流电路、电源输出正端和电源输出负端,其中第一整流电路和第二整流电路的接地端分别与变压器的第一绕组和第二绕组连接,不需要在变压器上设置额外的供电绕组,降低变压器加工成本。对于整流电路与变压器需要分开布局的场合,省掉供电绕组,更利于PCB布线,提高电源功率密度。Compared with the existing synchronous rectifier circuit, a synchronous rectifier circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a transformer, a first rectifier circuit, a second rectifier circuit, a positive power output terminal and a negative power output terminal, where the first rectifier circuit The ground terminal of the second rectifier circuit is connected to the first winding and the second winding of the transformer, respectively. It is not necessary to provide an additional power supply winding on the transformer, which reduces the processing cost of the transformer. For the occasion where the rectifier circuit and the transformer need to be separated, the power supply winding is omitted, which is more conducive to PCB wiring and improves the power density of the power supply.
本申请实施例还提供了一种整流装置,包括上述同步整流电路,在此不再赘述。An embodiment of the present application further provides a rectifying device, including the foregoing synchronous rectifying circuit, and details are not described herein again.
以上对本申请实施例进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体的个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的 核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本申请的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。The embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above. Specific examples are used in this document to explain the principles and implementation of the present application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the core idea of the present application. According to the idea of the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation and the scope of application of the general technical person. In summary, the content of this description should not be construed as a limitation on the present application.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种同步整流电路,应用于正极整流,其特征在于,所述同步整流电路包括:变压器、第一整流电路、第二整流电路、电源输出正端和电源输出负端;A synchronous rectification circuit, which is applied to positive rectification, is characterized in that the synchronous rectification circuit includes a transformer, a first rectification circuit, a second rectification circuit, a power output positive terminal and a power output negative terminal;
    所述变压器包括初级绕组、第一次级绕组和第二次级绕组;所述第一次级绕组的第一端连接所述第一整流电路的第一输入端,所述第一次级绕组的第二端连接所述第一整流电路的第二输入端、所述第二整流电路的第二输入端、所述第二次级绕组的第一端和所述电源输出负端;所述第二次级绕组的第二端连接所述第二整流电路的第一输入端;所述第一整流电路的输出端连接所述第二整流电路的输出端和所述电源输出正端;The transformer includes a primary winding, a first secondary winding, and a second secondary winding; a first end of the first secondary winding is connected to a first input end of the first rectifying circuit, and the first secondary winding A second terminal of is connected to a second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit, a second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit, a first terminal of the second secondary winding, and the power output negative terminal; The second end of the second secondary winding is connected to the first input end of the second rectification circuit; the output end of the first rectification circuit is connected to the output end of the second rectification circuit and the power output positive end;
    在所述第一次级绕组的第一端的极性为正,所述第一次级绕组的第二端的极性为负时,所述第一整流电路实现整流功能;When the polarity of the first end of the first secondary winding is positive and the polarity of the second end of the first secondary winding is negative, the first rectifying circuit implements a rectifying function;
    在所述第一次级绕组的第一端的极性为负,所述第一次级绕组的第二端的极性为正时,所述第二整流电路实现整流功能。When the polarity of the first end of the first secondary winding is negative and the polarity of the second end of the first secondary winding is positive, the second rectifying circuit implements a rectifying function.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的同步整流电路,其特征在于,所述第一整流电路包括:第一电源控制芯片、第一开关管、第一二极管,第一电阻、第一电容;The synchronous rectifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first rectifier circuit comprises: a first power control chip, a first switch tube, a first diode, a first resistor, and a first capacitor;
    所述第一整流电路的第二输入端连接所述第一二极管的正极,所述第一二极管的负极连接所述第一电阻的第一端,所述第一电阻的第二端连接所述第一电容的第一端和第一电源控制芯片的供电端,所述第一电源控制芯片的控制端连接所述第一开关管的第一端;所述第一整流电路的第一输入端连接所述第一电容的第二端、所述第一电源控制芯片的接地端和所述第一开关管的第二端,所述第一开关管的第三端连接所述第一整流电路的输出端。A second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is connected to a positive electrode of the first diode, a negative electrode of the first diode is connected to a first terminal of the first resistor, and a second terminal of the first resistor is Terminal is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor and the power supply terminal of the first power control chip, and the control terminal of the first power control chip is connected to the first terminal of the first switch tube; A first input terminal is connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor, a ground terminal of the first power control chip and a second terminal of the first switch tube, and a third terminal of the first switch tube is connected to the An output terminal of the first rectifying circuit.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的同步整流电路,其特征在于,所述第二整流电路包括:第二电源控制芯片、第二开关管、第二二极管,第二电阻、第二电容;The synchronous rectifier circuit according to claim 2, wherein the second rectifier circuit comprises: a second power control chip, a second switch tube, a second diode, a second resistor, and a second capacitor;
    所述第二整流电路的第二输入端连接所述第二二极管的正极,所述第二二极管的负极连接所述第二电阻的第一端,所述第二电阻的第二端连接所述第二 电容的第一端和第二电源控制芯片的供电端,所述第二电源控制芯片的控制端连接所述第二开关管的第一端;所述第二整流电路的第二输入端连接所述第二电容的第二端、所述第二电源控制芯片的接地端和所述第二开关管的第二端,所述第二开关管的第三端连接所述第二整流电路的输出端。A second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is connected to a positive electrode of the second diode, a negative electrode of the second diode is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor, and a second terminal of the second resistor The second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the power supply terminal of the second power control chip, and the control terminal of the second power control chip is connected to the first terminal of the second switch tube; A second input terminal is connected to a second terminal of the second capacitor, a ground terminal of the second power control chip, and a second terminal of the second switch tube, and a third terminal of the second switch tube is connected to the An output terminal of the second rectifier circuit.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的同步整流电路,其特征在于,当所述第一整流电路的第一输入端极性为正,所述第一整流电路的第二输入端极性为负时,所述第一二极管不导通,所述第一电源芯片驱动所述第一开关管完成整流,此时所述第二整流电路的第一输入端极性为负,所述第二整流电路的第二输入端极性为正,所述第二二极管导通,所述第二绕组的第一端和第二端之间的电压经过所述第二二极管、第二电阻,为所述第二电容充电,所述第二电容储存电能的作用包括为所述第二电源控制芯片提供能量。The synchronous rectifier circuit according to claim 3, wherein when the polarity of the first input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is positive and the polarity of the second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is negative, all The first diode is non-conductive, the first power chip drives the first switch to complete rectification, and at this time, the first input terminal of the second rectifier circuit has a negative polarity, and the second rectifier circuit The polarity of the second input terminal is positive, the second diode is turned on, and the voltage between the first terminal and the second terminal of the second winding passes through the second diode and the second resistor, The second capacitor is charged, and the function of the second capacitor to store electrical energy includes providing energy to the second power control chip.
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的同步整流电路,其特征在于,当所述第一整流电路的第一输入端极性为负,所述第一整流电路的第二输入端极性为正时,所述第一二极管导通,所述第一绕组的第一端和第二端之间的电压经过所述第一二极管、第一电阻,为所述第一电容充电,所述第一电容储存电能的作用包括为所述第一电源控制芯片提供能量,此时所述第二整流电路的第一输入端极性为正,所述第二整流电路的第二输入端极性为负,所述第二二极管不导通,所述第二电源芯片驱动所述第二开关管完成整流。The synchronous rectifier circuit according to claim 3 or 4, wherein when the polarity of the first input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is negative and the polarity of the second input terminal of the first rectifier circuit is positive The first diode is turned on, and the voltage between the first end and the second end of the first winding passes through the first diode and the first resistor to charge the first capacitor, so The function of the first capacitor to store electrical energy includes providing energy to the first power control chip. At this time, the polarity of the first input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is positive, and the polarity of the second input terminal of the second rectifier circuit is positive. The performance is negative, the second diode is not conductive, and the second power chip drives the second switch to complete rectification.
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的同步整流电路,其特征在于,所述第一开关管和第二开关管包括金属氧化物半导体场效应管MOSFET。The synchronous rectifier circuit according to claim 3, wherein the first switch tube and the second switch tube comprise a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的同步整流电路,其特征在于,所述金属氧化物半导体场效应管MOSFET的漏极与所述电源输出正端连接。The synchronous rectification circuit according to claim 6, wherein a drain of the metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is connected to a positive terminal of the power output.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的同步整流电路,其特征在于,所述同步整流电路还包括:所述电源输出正端与所述电源输出负端之间的滤波电路。The synchronous rectification circuit according to claim 1, wherein the synchronous rectification circuit further comprises: a filter circuit between the power output positive terminal and the power output negative terminal.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的同步整流电路,其特征在于,所述滤波电路包括两个并联的滤波电容。The synchronous rectifier circuit according to claim 8, wherein the filter circuit comprises two filter capacitors connected in parallel.
  10. 一种整流装置,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1至9任一项所述的同步整流电路。A rectifier device, comprising the synchronous rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
PCT/CN2018/109109 2018-09-30 2018-09-30 Synchronous rectifier circuit and rectifier device WO2020062247A1 (en)

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