WO2020062193A1 - 基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统 - Google Patents

基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020062193A1
WO2020062193A1 PCT/CN2018/108900 CN2018108900W WO2020062193A1 WO 2020062193 A1 WO2020062193 A1 WO 2020062193A1 CN 2018108900 W CN2018108900 W CN 2018108900W WO 2020062193 A1 WO2020062193 A1 WO 2020062193A1
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Prior art keywords
beidou
communication
data
power
protocol
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PCT/CN2018/108900
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English (en)
French (fr)
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罗义钊
梁海涛
陈彪
俞煌
蒋海峰
陈清雷
胡建新
李榕桂
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福建网能科技开发有限责任公司
国家电网有限公司
国网信息通信产业集团有限公司
国网信通亿力科技有限责任公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/108900 priority Critical patent/WO2020062193A1/zh
Publication of WO2020062193A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020062193A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems

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  • the embodiment of the invention relates to a power data acquisition system based on Beidou communication technology.
  • the task of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a power data acquisition system based on Beidou communication technology.
  • the tasks of the embodiments of the present invention are completed by using the following technical solutions:
  • the power data acquisition system based on the Beidou communication technology includes: an intelligent electric energy meter, a power meter reading concentrator, a field power Beidou data forwarding device in a low voltage station area, a transmitting end RJ-45 Ethernet, and a receiving end RJ-45 Ethernet.
  • Network sending end Beidou communication machine, receiving end Beidou communication machine, receiving end Beidou communication front-end server and central master station application server;
  • the smart energy meter and the power meter reading concentrator are connected by carrier communication; the power meter reading concentrator is connected to the interface of the transmitting end RJ-45 Ethernet; the transmitting end RJ-45 Ethernet is connected to the field power Beidou of the low voltage station area
  • the data forwarding device is connected in communication mode to transmit data to the Beidou data relay device on the low-voltage station area; the Beidou data relay device on the low-voltage station area is connected to the transmitting Beidou communication device; the transmitting Beidou communication device is connected to the Beidou communication input serial port.
  • the Beidou communication link is connected via the communication method of Beidou communication link, and the Beidou communication output serial port and the receiving Beidou communication machine are connected by the Beidou communication link communication method;
  • the receiving Beidou communication machine is connected to the receiving Beidou communication front-end server, receiving The Beidou communication front-end server is connected to the receiving end's RJ-45 Ethernet interface, and the receiving end's RJ-45 Ethernet is connected to the central master application server in a communication manner;
  • the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area includes a Beidou communication antenna, a serial communication unit module, a protocol conversion unit module, an Ethernet communication unit module, and a power supply unit module;
  • the Beidou communication antenna is connected to the RS232 serial communication interface of the serial communication unit module through the RS232 serial communication interface.
  • the serial communication unit module is connected to the protocol conversion unit module.
  • the protocol conversion unit module is connected to the RS232 through the processor ARM926EJ-S CPU pin.
  • the serial communication interface is connected to the RJ-45 Ethernet interface of the Ethernet communication unit.
  • the Ethernet communication unit module is connected to the RJ-45 Ethernet interface of the power meter concentrator through the RJ-45 Ethernet interface, and the power supply unit module is connected to the power.
  • the wires are connected to the power supply of the whole machine.
  • the power data collection system based on the Beidou communication technology in the embodiment of the present invention sends a reading command from the on-site power meter reading concentrator to the smart energy meter on the site via carrier communication.
  • the smart energy meter responds to the data according to the command type and communicates via the carrier. Return to the on-site power meter concentrator.
  • the power meter reading concentrator transmits the data to the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area through RJ45 communication, stores the data, the data is converted by the protocol, converted into the Beidou data protocol packet, and forwarded through the Beidou communication link, and then the Beidou data protocol The packet is sent to the Beidou communication front-end server, and then converted into a national network data protocol package through protocol conversion. Finally, the data is uploaded to the central master application server for unified management and monitoring via RJ45.
  • the master station instruction issuing process can be divided into two processes: the master station instruction issuing process and the field terminal data uploading process.
  • Master station instruction downstream process electricity information collection master station downstream instruction to the power Beidou meter reading concentrator, the power Beidou meter reading concentrator completes the TCP / IP conversion to the Beidou communication serial port protocol, and the power information collection 376.1 protocol to the Beidou communication protocol conversion 3. Send instructions to the Beidou data relay device on the site of the low-voltage station through the Beidou communication link.
  • the Beidou data forwarding device on the low-voltage station area After the data transmission of the Beidou satellite system, the Beidou data forwarding device on the low-voltage station area will be completed; the Beidou data forwarding device on the low-voltage station area will complete the Beidou communication serial port to TCP / IP conversion, the Beidou communication protocol protocol to the power consumption information collection 376.1 protocol conversion, The instruction is issued to the power meter reading concentrator through RJ45 communication; the power meter reading concentrator issues the instruction to the smart energy meter through carrier communication completion.
  • Field terminal data upload The smart energy meter uploads the reply data to the power meter reading concentrator through carrier communication.
  • the power meter reading concentrator transmits data to the low-voltage station area on-site power Beidou data forwarding device through RJ45 communication.
  • the low-voltage station area on-site power Beidou data forwarding device completes the protocol TCP / IP to the Beidou communication serial port protocol and uses the power information collection 376.1 protocol to The Beidou communication protocol is converted, and data is uploaded to the power consumption information collection master station through the Beidou communication link.
  • the Beidou satellite system data transmission this step is automatically completed by the Beidou satellite system
  • the data is uplinked to the main station-side power Beidou meter reading terminal.
  • the main station-side power Beidou meter reading terminal completes the conversion of the Beidou communication serial port protocol to TCP / IP, the Beidou communication protocol converts to the power consumption information collection 376.1 protocol, and then uploads data to the power consumption information collection master station via RJ45 Ethernet.
  • the acquisition master receives and processes the data.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are mainly directed to the application of the positioning, timing, navigation, and short message services of Beidou technology in a power consumption information collection system. Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
  • the Beidou "Zhehe" system is used to achieve high-precision positioning and navigation in indoor closed environments.
  • the on-site residents' electricity consumption information can be seamlessly connected to the main station of the electricity consumption information management system by using the two-way communication function of Beidou satellite navigation system without modifying the current operation equipment.
  • the access of data to the Beidou communication link can obtain real-time, effective and reliable power consumption information in underdeveloped communication areas.
  • the main technical point is a small data exchange device developed by the company, which realizes the protocol conversion between Beidou communication protocol and power meter reading protocol. And under the premise of not changing the existing communication method, the data transmission between the central main station application server and the on-site power meter reading concentrator is realized.
  • Beidou satellite navigation system is a global satellite navigation system independently developed by China. It has three functions: all-weather, all-time fast positioning, short message communication, and precise time service. It provides core information such as navigation information and mapping information for the Internet of Things. Colleges and related industrial units share the research and development results and engineering experience of the application of Beidou technology in the power industry.
  • the construction of a detection system for the application of the power data acquisition system based on Beidou communication technology in the power industry in the embodiments of the present invention provides technical research, program demonstration and testing. Verification and other interactive communication platforms include power information collection and communication, power emergency communication, power line inspection, power resource positioning and navigation services in closed environments, and distribution network information applications.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power data acquisition system based on Beidou communication technology according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Beidou data forwarding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power data acquisition system based on Beidou communication technology according to an embodiment of the present invention. The components of the system and the connection relationship between the components are shown in Figure 1:
  • the power data acquisition system based on the Beidou communication technology in the embodiment of the present invention includes an intelligent electric energy meter, a power meter reading concentrator, a field power Beidou data forwarding device in a low-voltage station area, a transmitting end RJ-45 Ethernet, and a receiving end RJ-45 Ethernet , Beidou communication machine at the sending end, Beidou communication machine at the receiving end, Beidou communication front-end server at the receiving end, and central master application server;
  • the smart energy meter and the power meter reading concentrator are connected through a carrier communication method.
  • the power meter concentrator is connected to the RJ-45 Ethernet interface on the sending end.
  • the sending end RJ-45 Ethernet is connected to the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area by means of communication, and transmits data to the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area.
  • the Beidou data relay device on the low-voltage station area is connected to the transmitting Beidou communication machine; the transmitting Beidou communication machine and the Beidou communication input serial port are connected via the communication mode of the Beidou communication link.
  • the Beidou communication output serial port is connected to the receiving Beidou communication machine through a communication method of the Beidou communication link.
  • the receiving Beidou communication machine is connected to the receiving Beidou communication front server, the receiving Beidou communication front server is connected to the receiving RJ-45 Ethernet interface, and the receiving RJ-45 Ethernet communicates with the central master application server to communicate Way to connect.
  • the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area completes the conversion of the protocol TCP / IP to the Beidou communication serial port protocol, the conversion of the electricity consumption information 376.1 protocol to the Beidou communication protocol, and uploads to the electricity consumption information collection master station through the Beidou communication link. data. Beidou satellite system data transmission (this step is automatically completed by Beidou satellite system), and then the data is uplinked to the main station-side power Beidou data forwarding device.
  • the main station-side power Beidou data forwarding device completes the conversion of the Beidou communication serial port protocol to TCP / IP, the Beidou communication protocol converts to the power consumption information collection 376.1 protocol, and then uploads data to the power consumption information collection master station via RJ45 Ethernet, and finally the power consumption information
  • the acquisition master receives and processes the data.
  • the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area includes: Beidou communication antenna, serial communication unit module, and protocol conversion unit. Module, Ethernet communication unit module, power supply unit module,
  • the Beidou communication antenna is connected to the RS232 serial communication interface of the serial communication unit module through the RS232 serial communication interface, and is responsible for data reception and data transmission of the Beidou signal; the serial communication unit module is connected to the protocol conversion unit module, and the serial communication unit connects the RS232 serial.
  • the Beidou data frame received by the communication interface is sent to the protocol conversion unit module.
  • the serial communication unit sends the data frame sent by the protocol conversion unit through the Beidou communication antenna through the RS232 serial communication interface; the protocol conversion unit module is guided by the processor ARM926EJ-S CPU. It is connected to the RS232 serial communication interface and the RJ-45 Ethernet interface of the Ethernet communication unit.
  • Ethernet communication unit module is connected to the RJ-45 Ethernet interface of the power meter reading concentrator through the RJ-45 Ethernet interface, and is responsible for communicating with the centralized meter reading device or electricity information master station system of the residential site;
  • Power supply unit module which is connected to the power supply of the whole machine through power wires, and is responsible for on-site AC220V to DC12V power supply Conversion to power the entire machine.
  • the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area also needs to have the following functions:
  • the main control board used by the Beidou data forwarding device for the on-site power Beidou in the embodiment of the present invention is ARM9 and embedded with the Linux operating system, so the processing speed is faster and the stability is better. .
  • the power data acquisition system based on the Beidou communication technology of the embodiment of the present invention sends a reading command from the on-site power meter reading concentrator to the smart energy meter on the site via carrier communication.
  • the smart energy meter responds to the data according to the command type and returns it via carrier communication.
  • the power meter reading concentrator transmits the data to the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area through RJ45 communication, stores the data, the data is converted by the protocol, converted into the Beidou data protocol packet, and forwarded through the Beidou communication link, and then the Beidou data protocol The packet is sent to the Beidou communication front-end server, and then converted into a national network data protocol package through protocol conversion. Finally, the data is uploaded to the central master application server for unified management and monitoring via RJ45.
  • the master station instruction issuing process can be divided into two processes: the master station instruction issuing process and the field terminal data uploading process.
  • Master station instruction downstream process electricity information collection master station downstream instruction to the power Beidou meter reading concentrator, the power Beidou meter reading concentrator completes the TCP / IP conversion to the Beidou communication serial port protocol, and the power information collection 376.1 protocol to the Beidou communication protocol conversion 3.
  • On-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area completes the conversion of Beidou communication serial port to TCP / IP, the conversion of Beidou communication protocol to the electricity information collection 376.1 protocol, and sends instructions to the power meter reading concentrator through RJ45 communication.
  • the power meter reading concentrator sends instructions to the smart energy meter through carrier communication completion instructions.
  • Field terminal data upload The smart energy meter uploads the reply data to the power meter reading concentrator through carrier communication.
  • the power meter reading concentrator transmits data to the low-voltage station area on-site power Beidou data forwarding device through RJ45 communication.
  • the low-voltage station area on-site power Beidou data forwarding device completes the protocol TCP / IP to Beidou communication serial protocol conversion, and the power information collection 376.1 protocol. Convert to the Beidou communication protocol, upload data to the electricity consumption information collection master station through the Beidou communication link. After the Beidou satellite system data transmission (this step is automatically completed by the Beidou satellite system), the data is uplinked to the main station-side power Beidou meter reading terminal.
  • the main station-side power Beidou meter reading terminal completes the conversion of the Beidou communication serial port protocol to TCP / IP, the Beidou communication protocol converts to the power consumption information collection 376.1 protocol, and then uploads data to the power consumption information collection master station via RJ45 Ethernet, and finally the power consumption information
  • the acquisition master receives and processes the data.
  • the power collection protocol messages under the State Grid standard are long and short. Long messages exceed 1000 bytes. During the protocol conversion process, packet unpacking must be performed at both ends.
  • the implementation principle is as follows: The State Grid Corporation's electricity consumption information collection system is carried out in accordance with the "Part 1 Communication Protocol for Electricity Consumers' Electricity Information Acquisition System Communication Protocol: Master Station and Acquisition Terminal Communication Protocol" protocol.
  • the protocol data packets need to be converted into Beidou protocol data packets It is sent to the master station via the Beidou communication link, and the Beidou protocol data packets are restored to the data packets of the State Grid communication protocol at the master station.
  • the above-mentioned protocol conversion is performed at both ends of the Beidou communication link, which does not affect the original communication method and realize data transparent transmission.
  • the data packet format of the State Grid Communication Protocol is as follows:
  • the State Grid communication protocol data packet After being converted into the Beidou protocol, the State Grid communication protocol data packet will be used as the Beidou protocol data packet and encapsulated in the Beidou protocol frame format.
  • the data packet format is as follows:
  • the data packet of the State Grid Communication Protocol After being converted into the Beidou protocol, the data packet of the State Grid Communication Protocol will be used as the data packet of the Beidou protocol and encapsulated in the frame format of the Beidou protocol.
  • the smart energy meter uses carrier communication to perform data transmission with the on-site meter reading concentrator. 376.1 protocol for standard power information collection.
  • the on-site power meter reading concentrator communicates with the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area through RJ45 communication, which uses TCP / IP.
  • On-site power Beidou data forwarding device in low-voltage station area communicates with Beidou satellite via Beidou communication link, adopts Beidou communication serial port protocol, and converts it based on TCP / IP via on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in low-voltage station area.
  • the data passes the Beidou communication link to the Beidou communication front-end server and converts the Beidou communication serial protocol to TCP / IP. It communicates to the central master application server via RJ45 for data management and monitoring.
  • the on-site meter reading device obtains the collected electricity meter reading data, transmits the data to the power meter reading concentrator through carrier communication, and then transmits the data to the on-site power Beidou data forwarding device in the low-voltage station area through RJ45, and then the reading
  • the table data message generates a Beidou communication message through data conversion.
  • the Beidou communication message is sent to the Beidou command aircraft through the Beidou communication link.
  • the Beidou command aircraft sends the data to the Beidou communication front-end server and the Beidou communication front-end service.
  • the machine restores the Beidou communication message to the original format of the meter reading data message, and sends it to the central master application server through RJ45 for unified management and monitoring.
  • the on-site residents' electricity consumption information can be seamlessly connected to the main station of the electricity consumption information management system by using the two-way communication function of the Beidou satellite navigation system without modifying the current operation equipment.
  • the access of on-site collected data to the Beidou communication link can obtain real-time, effective and reliable power consumption information in underdeveloped communication areas.
  • the main technical point is a small data exchange device developed by the company, which realizes the protocol conversion between Beidou communication protocol and power meter reading protocol. And under the premise of not changing the existing communication method, the data transmission between the central main station application server and the on-site power meter reading concentrator is realized.
  • Beidou satellite navigation system is a global satellite navigation system independently developed by China. It has three functions: all-weather, all-time fast positioning, short message communication, and precise time service. It provides core information such as navigation information and mapping information for the Internet of Things. Colleges and related industrial units share the research and development results and engineering experience of the application of Beidou technology in the power industry.
  • the construction of a detection system for the application of the power data acquisition system based on Beidou communication technology in the power industry in the embodiments of the present invention provides technical research, program demonstration and testing. Verification and other interactive communication platforms include power information collection and communication, power emergency communication, power line inspection, power resource positioning and navigation services in closed environments, and distribution network information applications.
  • the invention mainly aims at the application of the positioning, timing, navigation and short message service of Beidou technology in the power consumption information collection system. Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
  • the Beidou "Zhehe" system is used to achieve high-precision positioning and navigation in indoor closed environments.
  • the on-site residents' electricity consumption information can be seamlessly connected to the main station of the electricity consumption information management system by using the two-way communication function of the Beidou satellite navigation system without modifying the current operation equipment.
  • the access of on-site collected data to the Beidou communication link can obtain real-time, effective and reliable power consumption information in underdeveloped communication areas.
  • the main technical point is a small data exchange device developed by the company, which realizes the protocol conversion between Beidou communication protocol and power meter reading protocol. And under the premise of not changing the existing communication mode, the data transmission between the central master application server and the on-site power meter reading concentrator is realized.
  • Beidou satellite navigation system is a global satellite navigation system independently developed by China. It has three functions: all-weather, all-time fast positioning, short message communication, and precise time service. It provides core information such as navigation information and mapping information for the Internet of Things. Colleges and related industrial units share the research and development results and engineering experience of the application of Beidou technology in the power industry.
  • the construction of a detection system for the application of the power data acquisition system based on Beidou communication technology in the power industry in the embodiments of the present invention provides technical research, program demonstration and testing. Verification and other interactive communication platforms include power information collection and communication, power emergency communication, power line inspection, power resource positioning and navigation services in closed environments, and distribution network information applications.

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Abstract

本发明实施例涉及一种基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统,所述的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统设智能电能表、电力抄表集中器、低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置、RJ-45以太网、发送端北斗通信机、接收端北斗通信前置服务机、中心主站应用服务器；所述的低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置设有北斗通信天线，串口通信单元模块、协议转换单元模块、以太网通信单元模块、供电单元模块，本发明实施例主要针对北斗技术的定位、授时、导航和短报文服务在用电信息采集系统的应用。

Description

基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及一种基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统。
背景技术
随着城乡配电网建设的发展、电力系统容量的增加、用户规模的扩大、用户对供电的可靠性和质量的要求越来越高，配电网自动化逐渐成为电力体系化领域的新兴热点。然而作为系统中最重要的配电通信网络，由于缺乏合适的组网解决方案，成为了电力通信网络的薄弱环节，制约了智能电网在配电、用电应用的发展。我国有相当一部分地区，如南方大部分山区。其配电子站较为分散且所处地理位置较偏僻，电缆、光纤等有线线路建设会产生成本高、施工难度大、后期维护不方便等问题；而用传统三大电信运营商提供的无线业务又将面临偏远山区洗好覆盖不完全、通信质量难以保证的问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例的任务是提供一种基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统。本发明实施例的任务采用如下技术方案来完成：
本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统包括：智能电能表、电力抄表集中器、低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置、发送端RJ-45以太网、接收端RJ-45以太网、发送端北斗通信机、接收端北斗通信机、接收端北斗通信前置服务机和中心主站应用服务器；
其中，智能电能表与电力抄表集中器之间通过载波通信方式连接；电力抄表集中器与发送端RJ-45以太网的接口连接；发送端RJ-45以太网与低 压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置以通信方式连接，将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置；低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置与发送端北斗通信机连接；发送端北斗通信机与北斗通信输入串口之间通过北斗通信链路的通信方式连接，北斗通信输出串口与接收端北斗通信机之间通过北斗通信链路的通信方式连接；接收端北斗通信机与接收端北斗通信前置服务机连接，接收端北斗通信前置服务机与接收端RJ-45以太网接口连接，接收端RJ-45以太网与中心主站应用服务器以通信方式连接；
所述的低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置包括：北斗通信天线、串口通信单元模块、协议转换单元模块、以太网通信单元模块和供电单元模块；
其中，北斗通信天线通过RS232串行通讯接口与串口通信单元模块的RS232串行通讯接口相连，串口通信单元模块与协议转换单元模块相连，协议转换单元模块通过处理器ARM926EJ-S CPU引脚与RS232串行通讯接口以及以太网通信单元的RJ-45以太网接口相连，以太网通信单元模块通过RJ-45以太网接口与电力抄表集中器的RJ-45以太网接口相连，供电单元模块通过电力导线与整机电源相连。
本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统由现场的电力抄表集中器发送抄读命令通过载波通信到现场的智能电能表，智能电能表根据命令类型，响应数据，并通过载波通信返回到现场的电力抄表集中器中。然后电力抄表集中器通过RJ45通信将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置上，存储数据，数据经过协议转换，转换成北斗数据协议包后通过北斗通信链路转发，之后北斗数据协议包到北斗通信前置服务机上，再经过协议转换，转换成国网数据协议包，最后经过RJ45将数据上传至中心主站应用服务器进行统一管理和监控。
具体可以分为两个流程：主站指令下发流程、现场终端数据上传流程。
主站指令下行流程：用电信息采集主站下行指令给电力北斗抄表集中器，电力北斗抄表集中器完成TCP/IP向北斗通信串口协议转换、用电信息采集376.1协议向北斗通信协议转换、通过北斗通信链路向低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置下发指令。北斗卫星系统数据传输之后到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置；低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置完成北斗通信串口向TCP/IP转换、北斗通信协议的规约向用电信息采集376.1协议转换、通过RJ45通信向电力抄表集中器下发指令；电力抄表集中器通过载波通信完成指令下发到智能电能表。
现场终端数据上传：智能电能表将回复数据通过载波通信上传给电力抄表集中器。电力抄表集中器通过RJ45通信将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置，低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置完成规约TCP/IP向北斗通信串口协议转换、用电信息采集376.1协议向北斗通信协议转换、通过北斗通信链路向用电信息采集主站上传数据。北斗卫星系统数据传输(该步骤由北斗卫星系统自动完成)之后将数据上行给主站侧电力北斗抄表终端。主站侧电力北斗抄表终端完成北斗通信串口协议向TCP/IP转换、北斗通信协议向用电信息采集376.1协议转换、之后通过RJ45以太网向用电信息采集主站上传数据，最后用电信息采集主站接收并处理数据。
本发明实施例主要针对北斗技术的定位、授时、导航和短报文服务在用电信息采集系统的应用。与现有技术比较，本发明实施例有以下优势：
1.具备无通信盲区，能将通信覆盖到广袤的无人区及高山峻岭；利用我国的北斗卫星技术，实现远程抄表、远程监控；大大地提高了数据传输可靠性、保密性，同时也极大地减少了前线线路人员的劳动强度。
2.部署车载北斗通信终端和便携式北斗通信模块，为应急抢修提供基于北斗的定位、授时、导航和短报文服务。
3.具有多媒体信息采集、北斗导航和短消息功能的一体化电力巡检专用终端，提高巡检效率和标准化作业水平。
4.针对变电站室内、地线管道等GPS信号无法覆盖区域的检修维护，利用北斗“羲和”系统实现室内封闭环境的高精度定位导航功能。
采用本发明实施例提供的系统能够在不改造现投运行设备的情况下，利用北斗卫星导航系统双向通信功能将现场居民用电信息无缝接入到用电信息管理系统主站，实现现场采集数据到北斗通信链路的接入，能够实时、有效、可靠地获得通信不发达地区用电信息。其主要技术点在于研发的一种小型数据交换装置，该装置实现北斗通信协议与电力抄表协议的规约转换。且在不改变现有通信方式的前提下，实现中心主站应用服务器与现场的电力抄表集中器之间的数据透传。
北斗卫星导航系统是中国自主研制的全球卫星导航系统，具有全天候、全天时快速定位、短报文通信、精密授时服务三大功能，为物联网提供了导航信息和测绘信息等核心信息，科研院校和相关产业单位共享北斗技术在电力行业应用的研发成果和工程经验，本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统在电力行业应用的检测体系建设提供技术研究、方案论证和试验验证等互动交流平台，包括用电信息采集通信、电力应急通信、电力线路巡检、封闭环境下的电力资源定位导航服务、配网信息化应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的北斗数据转发装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例进一步说明。
图1为本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统结构示意图。系统部件组成及各部件之间的连接关系,如图1所示：
本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统包括智能电能表、电力抄表集中器、低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置、发送端RJ-45以太网、接收端RJ-45以太网、发送端北斗通信机、接收端北斗通信机、接收端北斗通信前置服务机和中心主站应用服务器；
其中，智能电能表与电力抄表集中器之间通过载波通信方式连接。电力抄表集中器与发送端RJ-45以太网的接口连接。发送端RJ-45以太网与低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置以通信方式连接，将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置。低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置与发送端北斗通信机连接；发送端北斗通信机与北斗通信输入串口之间通过北斗通信链路的通信方式连接。北斗通信输出串口与接收端北斗通信机之间通过北斗通信链路的通信方式连接。接收端北斗通信机与接收端北斗通信前置服务机连接，接收端北斗通信前置服务机与接收端RJ-45以太网接口连接，接收端RJ-45以太网与中心主站应用服务器以通信方式连接。
所述的低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置完成进行规约TCP/IP向北斗通信串口协议转换、用电信息采集376.1协议向北斗通信协议转换、通过北斗通信链路向用电信息采集主站上传数据。北斗卫星系统数据传输(该步骤由北斗卫星系统自动完成)，之后将数据上行给主站侧电力北斗数据转发装置。主站侧电力北斗数据转发装置完成北斗通信串口协议向TCP/IP转换、北斗通信协议向用电信息采集376.1协议转换、之后通过RJ45以太网向用电信息采集主站上传数据，最后用电信息采集主站接收并处理数据。
低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置的部件组成及各部件之间的连接 关系,如图2所示：低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置包括：北斗通信天线、串口通信单元模块、协议转换单元模块、以太网通信单元模块、供电单元模块，
北斗通信天线通过RS232串行通讯接口与串口通信单元模块的RS232串行通讯接口相连，负责北斗信号的数据接收与数据发送；串口通信单元模块与协议转换单元模块相连，串口通信单元将RS232串行通讯接口接收的北斗数据帧送至协议转换单元模块，串口通信单元通过RS232串行通讯接口将协议转换单元上送的数据帧通过北斗通信天线发出；协议转换单元模块通过处理器ARM926EJ-S CPU引脚与RS232串行通讯接口以及以太网通信单元的RJ-45以太网接口相连，负责完成TCP/IP或UDP协议的数据帧与北斗协议的数据帧的相互转换，和处理长报文的拆包、组包；以太网通信单元模块通过RJ-45以太网接口与电力抄表集中器的RJ-45以太网接口相连，负责与居民现场的集中抄表装置或用电信息主站系统的通信；供电单元模块，通过电力导线与整机电源相连，负责现场AC220伏到DC12伏电源的转换，给整机供电。
同时，低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置还需要具备以下功能：
1)适用于所有遵循国网抄表规约的电力抄表集中器基于北斗卫星通信的数据转发单元(DTU)设备，可以通过以太网实时接收任何以TCP或UDP方式通信的报文，不存在因电力抄表集中器不同而产生不适用的情况。
2)能够支持在线升级，在不失电的情况下，用一个U盘可以实现所有的DTU设备的程序升级。
3)能够在线配置重要参数，对于不同的DTU设备，由于所载的北斗卡号不同，所以需要对不同的DTU设备进行相应参数的设置。
4)稳定性好，适用领域广，本发明实施例低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置所采用的主控板为ARM9，并嵌入了Linux操作系统，所以使处 理速度更快，稳定性更好。
本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统由现场的电力抄表集中器发送抄读命令通过载波通信到现场的智能电能表，智能电能表根据命令类型响应数据，并通过载波通信返回到现场的电力抄表集中器中。然后电力抄表集中器通过RJ45通信将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置上，存储数据，数据经过协议转换，转换成北斗数据协议包后通过北斗通信链路转发，之后北斗数据协议包到北斗通信前置服务机上，再经过协议转换，转换成国网数据协议包，最后经过RJ45将数据上传至中心主站应用服务器进行统一管理和监控。
具体可以分为两个流程：主站指令下发流程、现场终端数据上传流程。
主站指令下行流程：用电信息采集主站下行指令给电力北斗抄表集中器，电力北斗抄表集中器完成TCP/IP向北斗通信串口协议转换、用电信息采集376.1协议向北斗通信协议转换、通过北斗通信链路向低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置下发指令。北斗卫星系统数据传输(该步骤由北斗卫星系统自动完成)之后到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置。低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置完成北斗通信串口向TCP/IP转换、北斗通信协议的规约向用电信息采集376.1协议转换、通过RJ45通信向电力抄表集中器下发指令。电力抄表集中器通过载波通信完成指令下发到智能电能表。
现场终端数据上传：智能电能表将回复数据通过载波通信上传给电力抄表集中器。电力抄表集中器通过RJ45通信将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置，低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置完成进行规约TCP/IP向北斗通信串口协议转换、用电信息采集376.1协议向北斗通信协议转换、通过北斗通信链路向用电信息采集主站上传数据。北斗卫星系统数据传输(该步骤由北斗卫星系统自动完成)之后将数据上行给主站侧电力北斗抄表终端。主站侧电力北斗抄表终端完成北斗通信串口协议向 TCP/IP转换、北斗通信协议向用电信息采集376.1协议转换、之后通过RJ45以太网向用电信息采集主站上传数据，最后用电信息采集主站接收并处理数据。
在上述方案中，有两个需要处理的技术点：
1)国网标准下电力集抄协议与北斗卫星通信协议之间的规约转换；
2)国网标准下的电力集抄协议报文有长有短，长报文超过1000字节，在进行协议转换过程中，必须在两端进行拆包组包。实现原理如下：国家电网公司用电信息采集系统中按照《电力用户用电信息采集系统通信协议第一部分：主站与采集终端通信协议》规约进行，该规约数据包需转换成北斗协议数据包，经北斗通信链路送至主站端，在主站端将北斗协议数据包还原成国网通信协议的数据包。
上述规约转换时在北斗通信链路两端所进行，不影响原通信方式，实现数据透传。国家电网通信协议数据包格式如下：
国网抄表协议报文头 电能量数据 国网抄表协议报文尾
转换成北斗协议后，国网通信协议数据包将作为北斗协议的数据包，封装在北斗协议的帧格式中，数据包格式如下：
Figure PCTCN2018108900-appb-000001
转换成北斗协议后，国网通信协议数据包将作为北斗协议的数据包，封装在北斗协议的帧格式中，智能电能表通过载波通信与现场抄表集中器进行数据传输，采用的是国网标准的用电信息采集376.1协议。现场的电力抄表集中器通过RJ45通信与低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置进行通信，采用的是TCP/IP。低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置通过北斗通信链路与北斗卫星通信，采用北斗通信串口协议，基于TCP/IP经低压台区现 场电力北斗数据转发装置转换而成。数据通过北斗通信链路到北斗通信前置服务机并将北斗通信串口协议转换成TCP/IP通过RJ45通信到中心主站应用服务器，进行数据的管理和监控。
现场抄表装置获取采集的用电信息抄表数据，通过载波通信将数据传输到电力抄表集中器中，然后通过RJ45将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置，之后将所述抄表数据报文通过数据转换生成北斗通信报文，通过北斗通信链路将所述北斗通信报文发送至北斗指挥机，北斗指挥机将数据发送到北斗通信前置服务机，北斗通信前置服务机将所述北斗通信报文还原成抄表数据报文的原始格式，并通过RJ45发送至中心主站应用服务器进行统一管理和监控。采用本发明实施例提供的方法和系统能够在不改造现投运行设备的情况下，利用北斗卫星导航系统双向通信功能将现场居民用电信息无缝接入到用电信息管理系统主站，实现现场采集数据到北斗通信链路的接入，能够实时、有效、可靠地获得通信不发达地区用电信息。其主要技术点在于研发的一种小型数据交换装置，该装置实现北斗通信协议与电力抄表协议的规约转换。且在不改变现有通信方式的前提下，实现中心主站应用服务器与现场的电力抄表集中器之间的数据透传。
北斗卫星导航系统是中国自主研制的全球卫星导航系统，具有全天候、全天时快速定位、短报文通信、精密授时服务三大功能，为物联网提供了导航信息和测绘信息等核心信息，科研院校和相关产业单位共享北斗技术在电力行业应用的研发成果和工程经验，本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统在电力行业应用的检测体系建设提供技术研究、方案论证和试验验证等互动交流平台，包括用电信息采集通信、电力应急通信、电力线路巡检、封闭环境下的电力资源定位导航服务、配网信息化应用。
(本文未详细说明的均为现有技术，故不在此展开复述，本技术领域技 术人员根据上面描述可以实现本发明实施例的目的)。
工业实用性
本发明主要针对北斗技术的定位、授时、导航和短报文服务在用电信息采集系统的应用。与现有技术比较，本发明实施例有以下优势：
1.具备无通信盲区，能将通信覆盖到广袤的无人区及高山峻岭；利用我国的北斗卫星技术，实现远程抄表、远程监控。该技术大大地提高了数据传输可靠性、保密性，同时也极大地减少了前线线路人员的劳动强度。
2.部署车载北斗通信终端和便携式北斗通信模块，为应急抢修提供基于北斗的定位、授时、导航和短报文服务。
3.具有多媒体信息采集、北斗导航和短消息功能的一体化电力巡检专用终端，提高巡检效率和标准化作业水平。
4.针对变电站室内、地线管道等GPS信号无法覆盖区域的检修维护，利用北斗“羲和”系统实现室内封闭环境的高精度定位导航功能。
采用本发明实施例提供的方法和系统能够在不改造现投运行设备的情况下，利用北斗卫星导航系统双向通信功能将现场居民用电信息无缝接入到用电信息管理系统主站，实现现场采集数据到北斗通信链路的接入，能够实时、有效、可靠地获得通信不发达地区用电信息。其主要技术点在于研发的一种小型数据交换装置，该装置实现北斗通信协议与电力抄表协议的规约转换。且在不改变现有通信方式的前提下，实现中心主站应用服务器与现场电力抄表集中器之间的数据透传。
北斗卫星导航系统是中国自主研制的全球卫星导航系统，具有全天候、全天时快速定位、短报文通信、精密授时服务三大功能，为物联网提供了导航信息和测绘信息等核心信息，科研院校和相关产业单位共享北斗技术在电力行业应用的研发成果和工程经验，本发明实施例的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统在电力行业应用的检测体系建设提供技术研究、方 案论证和试验验证等互动交流平台，包括用电信息采集通信、电力应急通信、电力线路巡检、封闭环境下的电力资源定位导航服务、配网信息化应用。

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  1. 基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统，所述的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统包括：智能电能表、电力抄表集中器、低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置、发送端RJ-45以太网、接收端RJ-45以太网、发送端北斗通信机、接收端北斗通信机、接收端北斗通信前置服务机和中心主站应用服务器；
    其中，智能电能表与电力抄表集中器之间通过载波通信方式连接；电力抄表集中器与发送端RJ-45以太网的接口连接；发送端RJ-45以太网与低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置以通信方式连接，将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置；低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置与发送端北斗通信机连接；发送端北斗通信机与北斗通信输入串口之间通过北斗通信链路的通信方式连接，北斗通信输出串口与接收端北斗通信机之间通过北斗通信链路的通信方式连接；接收端北斗通信机与接收端北斗通信前置服务机连接，接收端北斗通信前置服务机与接收端RJ-45以太网接口连接，接收端RJ-45以太网与中心主站应用服务器以通信方式连接；
    所述的低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置包括：北斗通信天线、串口通信单元模块、协议转换单元模块、以太网通信单元模块和供电单元模块；
    其中，北斗通信天线通过RS232串行通讯接口与串口通信单元模块的RS232串行通讯接口相连，串口通信单元模块与协议转换单元模块相连，协议转换单元模块通过处理器ARM926EJ-S CPU引脚与RS232串行通讯接口以及以太网通信单元的RJ-45以太网接口相连，以太网通信单元模块通过RJ-45以太网接口与电力抄表集中器的RJ-45以太网接口相连，供电单元模块通过电力导线与整机电源相连；
    所述的基于北斗通信技术的电力数据采集系统由现场的电力抄表集中 器发送抄读命令通过载波通信到现场电能表，智能电能表根据命令类型，响应数据，并通过载波通信返回到现场的电力抄表集中器中；然后电力抄表集中器通过RJ45通信将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置上，存储数据，数据经过协议转换，转换成北斗数据协议包后通过北斗通信链路转发，之后北斗数据协议包到北斗通信前置服务机上，再经过协议转换，转换成国网数据协议包，最后经过RJ45将数据上传至中心主站应用服务器进行统一管理和监控，具体可以分为两个流程：主站指令下发流程、现场终端数据上传流程：
    主站指令下行流程：用电信息采集主站下行指令给电力北斗抄表集中器，电力北斗抄表集中器完成TCP/IP向北斗通信串口协议转换、用电信息采集376.1协议向北斗通信协议转换、通过北斗通信链路向低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置下发指令；北斗卫星系统数据传输之后到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置；低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置完成北斗通信串口向TCP/IP转换、北斗通信协议的规约向用电信息采集376.1协议转换、通过RJ45通信向电力抄表下集中器下发指令；电力抄表集中器通过载波通信完成指令下发到智能电能表；
    现场终端数据上传：智能电能表将回复数据通过载波通信上传给电力抄表集中器；电力抄表集中器通过RJ45通信将数据传输到低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置，低压台区现场电力北斗数据转发装置完成进行规约TCP/IP向北斗通信串口协议转换、用电信息采集376.1协议向北斗通信协议转换、通过北斗通信链路向用电信息采集主站上传数据；北斗卫星系统数据传输，之后将数据上行给主站侧电力北斗抄表终端；主站侧电力北斗抄表终端完成北斗通信串口协议向TCP/IP转换、北斗通信协议向用电信息采集376.1协议转换、之后通过RJ45以太网向用电信息采集主站上传数据，最后用电信息采集主站接收并处理数据。
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