WO2020060843A1 - Codage d'indice de bi-prédiction généralisée - Google Patents

Codage d'indice de bi-prédiction généralisée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020060843A1
WO2020060843A1 PCT/US2019/050874 US2019050874W WO2020060843A1 WO 2020060843 A1 WO2020060843 A1 WO 2020060843A1 US 2019050874 W US2019050874 W US 2019050874W WO 2020060843 A1 WO2020060843 A1 WO 2020060843A1
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Prior art keywords
predictor
reference picture
picture
weight
block
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PCT/US2019/050874
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English (en)
Inventor
Philippe Bordes
Fabrice Leleannec
Fabien Racape
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Interdigital Vc Holdings, Inc.
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Priority claimed from EP18306689.3A external-priority patent/EP3668097A1/fr
Application filed by Interdigital Vc Holdings, Inc. filed Critical Interdigital Vc Holdings, Inc.
Publication of WO2020060843A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020060843A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/577—Motion compensation with bidirectional frame interpolation, i.e. using B-pictures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/13—Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/154—Measured or subjectively estimated visual quality after decoding, e.g. measurement of distortion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock

Definitions

  • the present embodiments generally relate to a method and an apparatus for video encoding or decoding, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for efficiently coding and decoding of information used in generalized bi-prediction (GBi).
  • GBi generalized bi-prediction
  • image and video coding schemes usually employ prediction and transform to leverage spatial and temporal redundancy in the video content.
  • intra or inter prediction is used to exploit the intra or inter frame correlation, then the differences between the original block and the predicted block, often denoted as prediction errors or prediction residuals, are transformed, quantized, and entropy coded.
  • the compressed data are decoded by inverse processes corresponding to the entropy coding, quantization, transform, and prediction.
  • a method for video encoding comprising: obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy coding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • a method for video decoding comprising: obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy decoding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • an apparatus for video encoding comprising: means for obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; means for obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; means for using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and means for entropy coding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • an apparatus for video decoding comprising: means for obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; means for obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; means for using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and means for entropy decoding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • an apparatus for video encoding comprising one or more processors, wherein said one or more processors are configured to: obtain a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtain a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; use the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy code the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • the apparatus may further comprise one or more memories coupled to said one or more processors.
  • an apparatus for video decoding comprising one or more processors, wherein said one or more processors are configured to obtain a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtain a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; use the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy decode the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • the apparatus may further comprise one or more memories coupled to said one or more processors.
  • a signal comprising encoded video is formed by performing obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy coding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of a video encoder.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of a video decoder.
  • FIG. 3 is a pictorial example illustrating intra mode prediction.
  • FIG. 4 is a pictorial example illustrating inter mode prediction.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates using temporal identifiers to infer quality.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a method of decoding according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of a system within which aspects of the present embodiments may be implemented.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary video encoder 100, such as a High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) encoder.
  • FIG. 1 may also illustrate an encoder in which improvements are made to the HEVC standard or an encoder employing technologies similar to HEVC, such as a VVC (Versatile Video Coding) encoder under development by JVET (Joint Video Exploration Team).
  • HEVC High Efficiency Video Coding
  • the terms “reconstructed” and “decoded” may be used interchangeably, the terms“encoded” or“coded” may be used interchangeably, and the terms “image”,“picture” and“frame” may be used interchangeably. ETsually, but not necessarily, the term“reconstructed” is used at the encoder side while“decoded” is used at the decoder side.
  • the video sequence may go through pre-encoding processing (101), for example, applying a color transform to the input color picture (e.g., conversion from RGB 4:4:4 to YCbCr 4:2:0), or performing a remapping of the input picture components in order to get a signal distribution more resilient to compression (for instance using a histogram equalization of one of the color components).
  • Metadata may be associated with the pre-processing, and attached to the bitstream.
  • each slice may include one or more slice segments.
  • a slice segment is organized into coding units, prediction units, and transform units.
  • the HEVC specification distinguishes between“blocks” and“units,” where a“block” addresses a specific area in a sample array (e.g., luma, Y), and the“unit” includes the collocated blocks of all encoded color components (e.g., Y, Cb, Cr, or monochrome), syntax elements, and prediction data that are associated with the blocks (e.g., motion vectors).
  • a picture is partitioned into coding tree blocks (CTB) of square shape with a configurable size, and a consecutive set of coding tree blocks is grouped into a slice.
  • a Coding Tree ETnit (CTU) contains the CTBs of the encoded color components.
  • a CTB is the root of a quadtree partitioning into Coding Blocks (CB), and a Coding Block may be partitioned into one or more Prediction Blocks (PB) and forms the root of a quadtree partitioning into Transform Blocks (TBs).
  • CB Coding Tree ETnit
  • PB Prediction Blocks
  • TBs Transform Blocks
  • a Coding Unit includes the Prediction Units (PUs) and the tree-structured set of Transform Units (TUs), a PU includes the prediction information for all color components, and a TU includes residual coding syntax structure for each color component.
  • the size of a CB, PB, and TB of the luma component applies to the corresponding CU, PU, and TU.
  • the term“block” may be used to refer, for example, to any of CTU, CU, PU, TU, CB, PB, and TB.
  • the“block” may also be used to refer to a macroblock and a partition as specified in H.264/AVC or other video coding standards, and more generally to refer to an array of data of various sizes.
  • a picture is encoded by the encoder elements as described below.
  • the picture to be encoded is processed in units of CUs.
  • Each CU is encoded using either an intra or inter mode.
  • intra prediction 160
  • inter mode motion estimation (175) and compensation (170) are performed.
  • the encoder decides (105) which one of the intra mode or inter mode to use for encoding the CU, and indicates the intra/inter decision by a prediction mode flag. Prediction residuals are calculated by subtracting (110) the predicted block from the original image block.
  • the prediction residuals are then transformed (125) and quantized (130).
  • the quantized transform coefficients, as well as motion vectors and other syntax elements, are entropy coded
  • the encoder may also skip the transform and apply quantization directly to the non-transformed residual signal on a 4x4 TU basis.
  • the encoder may also bypass both transform and quantization, i.e., the residual is coded directly without the application of the transform or quantization process.
  • direct PCM coding no prediction is applied and the coding unit samples are directly coded into the bitstream.
  • the encoder decodes an encoded block to provide a reference for further predictions.
  • the quantized transform coefficients are de-quantized (140) and inverse transformed (150) to decode prediction residuals.
  • In-loop filters (165) are applied to the reconstructed picture, for example, to perform deblocking/SAO (Sample Adaptive Offset) filtering to reduce encoding artifacts.
  • the filtered image is stored at a reference picture buffer (180).
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary video decoder 200, such as an HEVC decoder.
  • a bitstream is decoded by the decoder elements as described below.
  • Video decoder 200 generally performs a decoding pass reciprocal to the encoding pass as described in FIG. 1, which performs video decoding as part of encoding video data.
  • FIG. 2 may also illustrate a decoder in which improvements are made to the HEVC standard or a decoder employing technologies similar to HEVC, such as a VVC decoder.
  • the input of the decoder includes a video bitstream, which may be generated by video encoder 100.
  • the bitstream is first entropy decoded (230) to obtain transform coefficients, motion vectors, picture partitioning information, and other coded information.
  • the picture partitioning information indicates the size of the CTUs, and a manner a CTU is split into CETs, and possibly into PUs when applicable.
  • the decoder may therefore divide (235) the picture into CTETs, and each CTET into CUs, according to the decoded picture partitioning information.
  • the transform coefficients are de-quantized (240) and inverse transformed (250) to decode the prediction residuals.
  • an image block is reconstructed.
  • the predicted block may be obtained (270) from intra prediction (260) or motion- compensated prediction (i.e., inter prediction) (275). In case of bi-prediction, two motion compensated predictions may be combined with a weighted sum.
  • In-loop filters (265) are applied to the reconstructed image. The filtered image is stored at a reference picture buffer (280).
  • the decoded picture can further go through post-decoding processing (285), for example, an inverse color transform (e.g., conversion from YCbCr 4:2:0 to RGB 4:4:4) or an inverse remapping performing the inverse of the remapping process performed in the pre-encoding processing (101).
  • the post-decoding processing may use metadata derived in the pre-encoding processing and signaled in the bitstream.
  • the present disclosure is related to video coding using generalized bi-prediction (GBi).
  • the bi-prediction allows averaging two reference blocks for predicting a current block.
  • GBi is a variant of bi-prediction allowing weighting the sum of the block prediction samples with different weights. The index of the weights referring to a pre-defmed table of weights is encoded.
  • block-based video coding scheme such as HEVC
  • intra and inter coding modes are used.
  • intra mode the block prediction is computed using reconstructed samples of the current slice or picture (e.g. neighboring samples to the current block) as depicted in FIG. 3.
  • the block prediction is computed from a motion compensated (MC) block of one reference picture that was previously reconstructed as depicted in FIG. 4.
  • MC motion compensated
  • two prediction blocks are computed using two reference pictures from two lists L0 and Ll respectively.
  • the reference picture used to compute PredO has reference index refO in L0 and the reference picture used to compute Predl has reference index refl in Ll.
  • Next PredO and Predl are combined to form one single prediction block Predbi:
  • Predbi[x] ( PredO [x] + Predl [x] + 1 ) » 1 (1) where x is a sample position in the current block.
  • weights (wO and wl) used for the combination are not necessarily equal to one:
  • PredGBi[x] ( w0 Pred0[x] + wLPredl [x] + off ) / (wO + wl) (2) where off is a rounding offset.
  • Eq. (2) is simplified as Eq. (3):
  • JVET-K0248 it is proposed to use indexed (“GBi index”) pre-defmed weights.
  • the syntax element GBi index is coded for each CU coded in inter bi-prediction, except in merge mode where the GBi index is inferred from the GBi index of the neighbor from which the current CU inherits certain parameters.
  • the“RD-cost” measure is a Lagrangian function defined as:
  • RDcost distortion + l-cost (4)
  • “distortion” is a measure of the quality (e.g. Ll-norm or L2-norm)
  • “cost” is (an estimation of) the number of bits to encode the current CU
  • “l” is the Lagrangian multiplier.
  • JVET-K0248 the fixed binarization table of the GBi index symbol has been determined by learning the optimal order on various test conditions, coding parameters and video sequences.
  • Predi and Predj have been built with the reconstructed reference pictures Refi and R.efj respectively.
  • the term“quality(i)” of a reconstructed block of a reference image Refi is measured through an objective metric comparing the reconstructed block to its original version. It may be measured by using measurements such as, e.g., Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), and etc. As described below, the present embodiments also use other readily available coding/decoding parameters to infer the quality of a reference image.
  • PSNR Peak Signal to Noise Ratio
  • MSE Mean Square Error
  • the weighted values as shown in the tables are for example purposes, and they may take on other values. While the tables show a mapping from weighting values to GBi indices and binarization of the GBi indices, the GBi indices may take on different values from what are shown in the tables.
  • the tables may also be regarded as a mapping directly between the weighted values and the binary code, without the consideration of the GBi indices at all. In the tables, all three priorities are considered. In some examples, fewer priorities may be used in performing the binarization. In the tables, truncated unary codes are used for binarization, however, other binarization methods may be used.
  • Table 2 example of binarization of GBi index as a function of the“quality” of the predictions
  • Table 3 example of binarization of GBi index as a function of the“quality” of the predictions
  • Table 4 example of binarization of GBi index as a function of the“quality” of the predictions
  • QP quantization parameter
  • a lower QP usually means higher coding quality, when the video sequence characteristics are stationary.
  • the QP value may be the slice QP (e.g.,“slice qp delta” in HEVC) or the average QP value used by the CUs in the reference picture.
  • the binarization depicted on the left will be used if the QP of the reference picture (1) is lower than the QP of the reference picture (0), indicating that the reference picture (1) has a higher coding quality than the reference picture (0).
  • the binarization depicted on the right will be used if the QP of the reference picture (0) is lower than the QP of the reference picture (1), indicating that the reference picture (0) has a higher coding quality than the reference picture (1).
  • the quality of a reference picture is inferred from the temporal identifier for the NAL unit (TiD) (e.g., nuh temporal id j) lusl in HEVC).
  • the TiD is associated with temporal scalability, as illustrated, e.g., in FIG. 5, the pictures at a temporal layer with the low time frequency having the lowest TiD and the pictures at a temporal layer with high frequency having the highest TiD values.
  • the temporal scalability may be used to adapt the bit-rate to the channel bandwidth by dropping NAL units with highest TiD to reduce the bit- rate, but only the low time frequency pictures will be decoded in that case.
  • the coding parameters would favor (e.g., lower QP values) the pictures of lower TiD since they are used as reference by the layers with higher TiD values, so that the TiD is a good indicator of the“quality” of the reconstructed picture.
  • a closer reference picture is considered to provide higher quality.
  • the binarization of the highest weight values for wl will be preferably associated with lower number of bits, as shown, e.g., on the left of Table 2 to Table 4 above.
  • the binarization of the highest weight values for wO will be preferably associated with lower number of bits as shown, e.g., on the right of Table 2 to Table 4 above.
  • the GBi index or weight value is not coded, or the set of possible GBi weights is reduced when one or more of the following conditions are satisfied:
  • a flag indicates if GBi is enabled and another flag (or the same flag) indicates if the present techniques apply (e.g., binarization of GBi index as a function of another parameter).
  • the QP of the location of Predi in the reference image may be used.
  • the QP of the CU which contains the center of Predi may be used for instance to estimate the quality. This requires performing motion compensation, which prevents the derivation of weights at the parsing stage.
  • the parser may parse and store the bits related to GBi and the table for inverse binarization is derived later during reconstruction.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a method (600) of decoding a block using generalized bi-prediction according to an embodiment.
  • the slice header of an encoded video is decoded.
  • the slice header contains parameters which are suitable for use to determine the quality of a reference picture.
  • the coding mode of the current block is parsed at 610. If the coding mode is intra, or uni directional inter (620), then the decoding process is unchanged at 660. If the mode is bi- predicational inter and if GBi is enabled, then the two reference indexes (refO; refl) of the reference picture lists L0 and Ll are decoded at 630.
  • the binarization Table-A is selected for parsing GBi index at 650.
  • Table-A uses less bins to encode GBi index corresponding to wO > wl (e.g., the right of Table 2 to Table 4).
  • Table-B is selected for parsing GBi index at 655.
  • Table-B uses less bins to encode GBi index corresponding to wl > wO (e.g., the left of Table 2 to Table 4).
  • the GBI weights are derived from the mapping between the GBi index and the weight values.
  • the mapping may be stored in one or more look-up tables that are known at the encoder or decoder a-priori as defined by the standard.
  • method 600 continues at 670, which builds predictions predO and predl for the current block with motion compensation.
  • the predictions predO and predl are then weighted by wO and wl, respectively, and combined (680) to obtain the resultant predictor.
  • the residuals are added (690) to the resultant predictor to reconstruct the block.
  • steps 610 to 655 may be performed by an entropy decoding block or function 230 as shown in the exemplary decoder 200 of FIG. 2.
  • the GBi index should be encoded corresponding to the decoding method shown in FIG. 6.
  • Various methods and other aspects described in this application can be used to modify modules, for example, the, entropy coding, and/or decoding modules (145, 230), of a video encoder 100 and decoder 200 as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
  • the present aspects are not limited to VVC or HEVC, and can be applied, for example, to other standards and recommendations, whether pre-existing or future-developed, and extensions of any such standards and recommendations (including VVC and HEVC). Unless indicated otherwise, or technically precluded, the aspects described in this application can be used individually or in combination.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a system in which various aspects and embodiments are implemented.
  • System 700 may be embodied as a device including the various components described below and is configured to perform one or more of the aspects described in this application. Examples of such devices, include, but are not limited to, various electronic devices such as personal computers, laptop computers, smartphones, tablet computers, digital multimedia set top boxes, digital television receivers, personal video recording systems, connected home appliances, and servers.
  • Elements of system 700, singly or in combination may be embodied in a single integrated circuit, multiple ICs, and/or discrete components.
  • the processing and encoder/decoder elements of system 700 are distributed across multiple ICs and/or discrete components.
  • system 700 is communicatively coupled to other systems, or to other electronic devices, via, for example, a communications bus or through dedicated input and/or output ports.
  • system 700 is configured to implement one or more of the aspects described in this application.
  • the system 700 includes at least one processor 710 configured to execute instructions loaded therein for implementing, for example, the various aspects described in this application.
  • Processor 710 may include embedded memory, input output interface, and various other circuitries as known in the art.
  • the system 700 includes at least one memory 720 (e.g., a volatile memory device, and/or a non-volatile memory device).
  • System 700 includes a storage device 740, which may include non-volatile memory and/or volatile memory, including, but not limited to, EEPROM, ROM, PROM, RAM, DRAM, SRAM, flash, magnetic disk drive, and/or optical disk drive.
  • the storage device 740 may include an internal storage device, an attached storage device, and/or a network accessible storage device, as non-limiting examples.
  • System 700 includes an encoder/decoder module 730 configured, for example, to process data to provide an encoded video or decoded video, and the encoder/decoder module 730 may include its own processor and memory.
  • the encoder/decoder module 730 represents module(s) that may be included in a device to perform the encoding and/or decoding functions. As is known, a device may include one or both of the encoding and decoding modules. Additionally, encoder/decoder module 730 may be implemented as a separate element of system 700 or may be incorporated within processor 710 as a combination of hardware and software as known to those skilled in the art.
  • Program code to be loaded onto processor 710 or encoder/decoder 730 to perform the various aspects described in this application may be stored in storage device 740 and subsequently loaded onto memory 720 for execution by processor 710.
  • one or more of processor 710, memory 720, storage device 740, and encoder/decoder module 730 may store one or more of various items during the performance of the processes described in this application. Such stored items may include, but are not limited to, the input video, the decoded video or portions of the decoded video, the bitstream, matrices, variables, and intermediate or final results from the processing of equations, formulas, operations, and operational logic.
  • memory inside of the processor 710 and/or the encoder/decoder module 730 is used to store instructions and to provide working memory for processing that is needed during encoding or decoding.
  • a memory external to the processing device (for example, the processing device may be either the processor 710 or the encoder/decoder module 730) is used for one or more of these functions.
  • the external memory may be the memory 720 and/or the storage device 740, for example, a dynamic volatile memory and/or a non-volatile flash memory.
  • an external non-volatile flash memory is used to store the operating system of a television.
  • a fast external dynamic volatile memory such as a RAM is used as working memory for video coding and decoding operations, such as for MPEG-2, HEVC, or VVC (Versatile Video Coding).
  • the input to the elements of system 700 may be provided through various input devices as indicated in block 705.
  • Such input devices include, but are not limited to, (i) an RF portion that receives an RF signal transmitted, for example, over the air by a broadcaster, (ii) a Composite input terminal, (iii) a USB input terminal, and/or (iv) an HDMI input terminal.
  • the input devices of block 705 have associated respective input processing elements as known in the art.
  • the RF portion may be associated with elements suitable for (i) selecting a desired frequency (also referred to as selecting a signal, or band-limiting a signal to a band of frequencies), (ii) down converting the selected signal, (iii) band- limiting again to a narrower band of frequencies to select (for example) a signal frequency band which may be referred to as a channel in certain embodiments, (iv) demodulating the down converted and band-limited signal, (v) performing error correction, and (vi) demultiplexing to select the desired stream of data packets.
  • the RF portion of various embodiments includes one or more elements to perform these functions, for example, frequency selectors, signal selectors, band- limiters, channel selectors, filters, downconverters, demodulators, error correctors, and demultiplexers.
  • the RF portion may include a tuner that performs various of these functions, including, for example, down converting the received signal to a lower frequency (for example, an intermediate frequency or a near-baseband frequency) or to baseband.
  • the RF portion and its associated input processing element receives an RF signal transmitted over a wired (for example, cable) medium, and performs frequency selection by filtering, down converting, and filtering again to a desired frequency band.
  • Adding elements may include inserting elements in between existing elements, for example, inserting amplifiers and an analog- to-digital converter.
  • the RF portion includes an antenna.
  • the USB and/or HDMI terminals may include respective interface processors for connecting system 700 to other electronic devices across USB and/or HDMI connections.
  • various aspects of input processing for example, Reed-Solomon error correction, may be implemented, for example, within a separate input processing IC or within processor 710 as necessary.
  • aspects of USB or HDMI interface processing may be implemented within separate interface ICs or within processor 710 as necessary.
  • the demodulated, error corrected, and demultiplexed stream is provided to various processing elements, including, for example, processor 710, and encoder/decoder 730 operating in combination with the memory and storage elements to process the datastream as necessary for presentation on an output device.
  • connection arrangement 715 for example, an internal bus as known in the art, including the I2C bus, wiring, and printed circuit boards.
  • the system 700 includes communication interface 750 that enables communication with other devices via communication channel 790.
  • the communication interface 750 may include, but is not limited to, a transceiver configured to transmit and to receive data over communication channel 790.
  • the communication interface 750 may include, but is not limited to, a modem or network card and the communication channel 790 may be implemented, for example, within a wired and/or a wireless medium.
  • Data is streamed to the system 700, in various embodiments, using a Wi-Fi network such as IEEE 802.11. The Wi-Fi signal of these embodiments is received over the communications channel 790 and the communications interface 750 which are adapted for Wi-Fi communications.
  • the communications channel 790 of these embodiments is typically connected to an access point or router that provides access to outside networks including the Internet for allowing streaming applications and other over-the-top communications.
  • Other embodiments provide streamed data to the system 700 using a set-top box that delivers the data over the HDMI connection of the input block 705.
  • Still other embodiments provide streamed data to the system 700 using the RF connection of the input block 705.
  • the system 700 may provide an output signal to various output devices, including a display
  • the other peripheral devices 785 include, in various examples of embodiments, one or more of a stand-alone DVR, a disk player, a stereo system, a lighting system, and other devices that provide a function based on the output of the system 700.
  • control signals are communicated between the system 700 and the display 765, speakers 775, or other peripheral devices 785 using signaling such as AV.Link, CEC, or other communications protocols that enable device-to-device control with or without user intervention.
  • the output devices may be communicatively coupled to system 700 via dedicated connections through respective interfaces 760, 770, and 780. Alternatively, the output devices may be connected to system 700 using the communications channel 790 via the communications interface 750.
  • the display 765 and speakers 775 may be integrated in a single unit with the other components of system 700 in an electronic device, for example, a television.
  • the display interface 760 includes a display driver, for example, a timing controller (T Con) chip.
  • the display 765 and speaker 775 may alternatively be separate from one or more of the other components, for example, if the RF portion of input 705 is part of a separate set-top box.
  • the output signal may be provided via dedicated output connections, including, for example, HDMI ports, USB ports, or COMP outputs.
  • the present embodiments provide for a first predictor and a second predictor which are used for forming a third predictor for a block in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first and second predictors.
  • the block may be a CU or PU.
  • the first predictor is obtained using a first reference picture and the second predictor is obtained using a second reference picture.
  • a first weight is applied to the first predictor, and a second weight is applied to the second predictor.
  • the first weight is selected from a set of weight values, and the second weight is deduced from the first weight value.
  • Entropy coding or decoding of weight values the set of weight values is based on at least one of the following conditions: (1) whether two weight values are equal; (2) whether two weight values are closer than two weight values in another weight value pair; (3) whether quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture; and (4) whether the first reference picture is closer to a current picture than the second reference picture.
  • a first weight, in the weight value pair with equal weights, is encoded with the shortest codeword by the entropy coding or decoding.
  • the quality of a reference picture can be measured by quantization parameter.
  • the quality of a reference picture can also be measured by the temporal layer for a reference picture.
  • Present embodiments may include creating and/or transmitting and/or receiving and/or decoding a bitstream or signal that includes one or more of the described syntax elements, or variations thereof.
  • the embodiments may also comprise a TV, set-top box, cell phone, tablet, or other electronic device that performs bi-prediction according to any of the embodiments described.
  • Present embodiments may also include a TV, set-top box, cell phone, tablet, or other electronic device that performs bi-prediction according to any of the embodiments described, and that displays (e.g. using a monitor, screen, or other type of display) a resulting image.
  • Present embodiments may also include a TV, set-top box, cell phone, tablet, or other electronic device that tunes (e.g. using a tuner) a channel to receive a signal including an encoded image, and performs bi-prediction according to any of the embodiments described.
  • Present embodiments may also include a TV, set-top box, cell phone, tablet, or other electronic device that receives (e.g. using an antenna) a signal over the air that includes an encoded image, and bi-prediction according to any of the embodiments described.
  • a method for video encoding comprising: obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy coding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • a method for video decoding comprising: obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy decoding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • an apparatus for video encoding comprising: means for obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; means for obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; means for using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and means for entropy coding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • an apparatus for video decoding comprising: means for obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; means for obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; means for using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and means for entropy decoding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • an apparatus for video encoding comprising one or more processors, wherein said one or more processors are configured to: obtain a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtain a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; use the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy code the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • the apparatus may further comprise one or more memories coupled to said one or more processors.
  • an apparatus for video decoding comprising one or more processors, wherein said one or more processors are configured to obtain a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtain a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; use the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy decode the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • the apparatus may further comprise one or more memories coupled to said one or more processors.
  • a signal comprising encoded video is formed by performing obtaining a first predictor for a block of a picture using a first reference picture; obtaining a second predictor for the block of the picture using a second reference picture; using the first predictor and the second predictor for forming a third predictor for the block of the picture in bi-prediction inter prediction, wherein the third predictor is obtained as a weighted average of the first predictor and the second predictor by applying a first weight to the first predictor and applying a second weight to the second predictor, the first weight being selected from a set of weight values; and entropy coding the set of weight values based on whether picture quality of the first reference picture is higher than the second reference picture.
  • the entropy coding or the entropy decoding the set of weight values is further based on whether two weight values in a weight value pair are equal.
  • the entropy coding or the entropy decoding the set of weight values is further based on whether the first reference picture is closer to a current picture than the second reference picture.
  • the entropy coding or the entropy decoding the set of weight values is further based on whether the first reference picture is closer to a current picture than the second reference picture.
  • the entropy coding or the entropy decoding the set of weight values assigns a greater value or greater absolute value to the first weight for the first predictor, if the first reference picture has a higher picture quality than the second reference picture.
  • the picture quality is determined by respective quantization parameter used to encode respective reference picture.
  • the picture quality of a reference picture is determined by a temporal identifier associated with the reference picture.
  • a shortest binarized codeword is assigned to the first weight for the entropy coding or the entropy decoding the set of weight values, when the first weight is equal to the second weight.
  • one of the first weight and the second weight is derived from the other weight and the one of the first weight and the second weight is represented by a binarized index into the set of weight values.
  • an embodiment provides a computer program comprising instructions which when executed by one or more processors cause the one or more processors to perform the encoding method or decoding method according to any of the embodiments described above.
  • One or more of the present embodiments also provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions for encoding or decoding video data according to the methods described above.
  • One or more embodiments also provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a bitstream generated according to the methods described above.
  • One or more embodiments also provide a method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving the bitstream generated according to the methods described above.
  • Decoding may encompass all or part of the processes performed, for example, on a received encoded sequence in order to produce a final output suitable for display.
  • processes include one or more of the processes typically performed by a decoder, for example, entropy decoding, inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and differential decoding.
  • a decoder for example, entropy decoding, inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and differential decoding.
  • the methods may be implemented in, for example, an apparatus, for example, a processor, which refers to processing devices in general, including, for example, a computer, a microprocessor, an integrated circuit, or a programmable logic device.
  • processors also include communication devices, for example, computers, cell phones, portable/personal digital assistants (“PDAs”), and other devices that facilitate communication of information between end-users.
  • PDAs portable/personal digital assistants
  • Reference to“one embodiment” or“an embodiment” or“one implementation” or“an implementation”, as well as other variations thereof, means that a particular feature, structure, characteristic, and so forth described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment.
  • the appearances of the phrase“in one embodiment” or“in an embodiment” or“in one implementation” or“in an implementation”, as well any other variations, appearing in various places throughout this application are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
  • this application may refer to“determining” various pieces of information. Determining the information may include one or more of, for example, estimating the information, calculating the information, predicting the information, or retrieving the information from memory.
  • Accessing the information may include one or more of, for example, receiving the information, retrieving the information (for example, from memory), storing the information, moving the information, copying the information, calculating the information, determining the information, predicting the information, or estimating the information.
  • this application may refer to“receiving” various pieces of information.
  • Receiving is, as with“accessing”, intended to be a broad term.
  • Receiving the information may include one or more of, for example, accessing the information, or retrieving the information (for example, from memory).
  • “receiving” is typically involved, in one way or another, during operations, for example, storing the information, processing the information, transmitting the information, moving the information, copying the information, erasing the information, calculating the information, determining the information, predicting the information, or estimating the information.
  • such phrasing is intended to encompass the selection of the first listed option (A) only, or the selection of the second listed option (B) only, or the selection of the third listed option (C) only, or the selection of the first and the second listed options (A and B) only, or the selection of the first and third listed options (A and C) only, or the selection of the second and third listed options (B and C) only, or the selection of all three options (A and B and C).
  • This may be extended, as is clear to one of ordinary skill in this and related arts, for as many items as are listed.
  • implementations may produce a variety of signals formatted to carry information that may be, for example, stored or transmitted.
  • the information may include, for example, instructions for performing a method, or data produced by one of the described implementations.
  • a signal may be formatted to carry the bitstream of a described embodiment.
  • Such a signal may be formatted, for example, as an electromagnetic wave (for example, using a radio frequency portion of spectrum) or as a baseband signal.
  • the formatting may include, for example, encoding a data stream and modulating a carrier with the encoded data stream.
  • the information that the signal carries may be, for example, analog or digital information.
  • the signal may be transmitted over a variety of different wired or wireless links, as is known.
  • the signal may be stored on a processor-readable medium.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne au moins un procédé et un appareil de codage vidéo destinés à améliorer des informations utilisées dans une bi-prédiction généralisée (GBi). Par exemple, un premier et un second prédicteur sont obtenus pour un bloc d'une image à l'aide respectivement d'une première et d'une seconde image de référence. Le premier prédicteur et le second prédicteur sont utilisés pour former un troisième prédicteur pour le bloc de l'image dans une inter-prédiction de type bi-prédiction, le troisième prédicteur étant obtenu en tant que moyenne pondérée des premier et second prédicteurs, par application d'un premier et d'un second poids respectivement au premier et au second prédicteur. Le premier poids est sélectionné parmi un ensemble de valeurs de poids, et le second poids est dérivé de la première valeur de poids. L'ensemble de valeurs de poids est codé par entropie sur la base du fait, par exemple, que la qualité d'image de la première image de référence est supérieure à celle de la seconde image de référence. dire
PCT/US2019/050874 2018-09-19 2019-09-12 Codage d'indice de bi-prédiction généralisée WO2020060843A1 (fr)

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EP18306689.3A EP3668097A1 (fr) 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 Codage d'indices en bi-prédiction généralisée
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