WO2020057925A1 - Dispositif de déconnexion pour un limiteur de surtension et limiteur de surtension comprenant le dispositif de déconnexion - Google Patents

Dispositif de déconnexion pour un limiteur de surtension et limiteur de surtension comprenant le dispositif de déconnexion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020057925A1
WO2020057925A1 PCT/EP2019/072987 EP2019072987W WO2020057925A1 WO 2020057925 A1 WO2020057925 A1 WO 2020057925A1 EP 2019072987 W EP2019072987 W EP 2019072987W WO 2020057925 A1 WO2020057925 A1 WO 2020057925A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separating device
locking
movable contact
recess
connection means
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/072987
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver DUWE
Thomas Hilker
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2020057925A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020057925A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/16—Series resistor structurally associated with spark gap

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a disconnection device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a surge arrester according to claim 15.
  • Surge arresters are used in the medium-voltage and high-voltage range in order to reliably reduce so-called overvoltages, i.e. voltages far above the nominal voltages provided during operation. This will damage equipment such as Avoided transformers.
  • a surge arrester for high voltage can be arranged on an overhead line and lead to impermissibly high currents to earth in the event of a lightning strike or short circuit.
  • Surge arresters usually contain so-called varistors, i.e. electrical resistors, the electrical resistance of which is very high up to a design-related threshold voltage and greatly reduced above the threshold voltage, so that the surge arrester becomes a good electrical conductor.
  • varistors i.e. electrical resistors, the electrical resistance of which is very high up to a design-related threshold voltage and greatly reduced above the threshold voltage, so that the surge arrester becomes a good electrical conductor.
  • varistors i.e. electrical resistors, the electrical resistance of which is very high up to a design-related threshold voltage and greatly reduced above the threshold voltage, so that the surge arrester becomes a good electrical conductor.
  • the surge arrester is hardly conductive during normal operation, so that only a small leakage current flows to earth. In the event of a fault, however, a high leakage current flows.
  • the explosion of the blank cartridge destroys the housing of the separating device and blows up e.g. a connected earth cable. In this way, there is no explosion of the conductor itself, but a smaller, controlled explosion on the disconnector.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a separating device which is comparatively simple and inexpensive to produce and which allows a comparatively particularly safe use in fire-prone regions.
  • the invention solves this problem by a Abtrennvorrich device according to claim 1.
  • the first connection means is for example for one
  • the second connection means is, for example, designed for an electrically conductive connection with an underground cable.
  • a bursting container filled with a heat sensitive fluid in a mechanically biased separation device is sufficient to provide for an interruption of the current path in the event of a fault.
  • the principle of a fluid-filled bursting container is used, for example, in sprinkler systems.
  • a fluid-tight glass cylinder with a shape that essentially resembles medical ampoules is used as the bursting container.
  • a special liquid and a small amount of gas are enclosed in the glass cylinder. When the temperature rises, the liquid in the glass cylinder expands. The pressure increases until the glass cylinder bursts and releases a sprinkler cap. Fire water is distributed evenly over a fire in the form of a spray rain.
  • Suitable special liquids depending on the glass vessel used and the application, have release temperatures that lie between 57 ° C and 182 ° C, for example.
  • Commercial liquids are described on Wikipedia, which are used for easy detection of the trigger temperature are color-coded (permanent link:
  • the trigger temperature of the sprinkler is selected so that it is approx. 30 ° C above the maximum expected room temperature. This ensures, on the one hand, that the sprinkler triggers before major damage has occurred, and, on the other hand, that the sprinkler system can be triggered without the risk of fire. Details on the liquids and the glass cylinders or ampoules used are contained in "DIN EN 12259-1: 2006 Fixed fire extinguishing systems - Components for sprinkler and water spray systems - Part 1: Sprinklers". Nominal trigger temperatures are listed on page 9 in table 2. Strength requirements for the bursting container made of glass are given on pages 39 below.
  • a fluid that is to say possibly also a gas or gas mixture (possibly under high pressure) and a bursting container, can be used that meets the requirements.
  • the required trigger temperature is very low, for example when using a separating device in polar regions, a thin glass ampoule filled with water, for example, could suffice (if necessary with an antifreeze to prevent freezing). This would give a trigger temperature of 100 ° C in about wa.
  • the separating device can be used without the use of pyrotechnic products. This means that no hot particles or sparks can arise that could start a fire.
  • the separation device according to the invention can also be used where pyrotechnic triggers are not permitted.
  • Another advantage is that the components of the separating device can be reused even after they have been triggered if the liquid-filled or gas-filled container is replaced. This protects the environment and saves costs.
  • a liquid is used as the fluid, which is suitable to at least partially disrupt the bursting container above a temperature limit of 120 ° C. by a temperature-dependent increase in volume.
  • a liquid is used as the fluid which is suitable for at least partially disrupting the bursting container by a temperature-dependent volume increase above a temperature limit of 170 ° C.
  • a liquid is preferably used as the fluid, which has a trigger temperature between 170 ° C and 250 ° C.
  • the liquid marked with the color violet can be used according to the Wikipedia article mentioned above, which has a trigger temperature of 182 ° C.
  • the accelerating means has a first spring biased in normal operation of the separating device.
  • Normal operation in the sense of the invention is a state in which the surge arrester functions properly and a leakage current can flow away to earth in a controlled manner via the disconnection device. This is an advantage because springs are simple and inexpensive to manufacture and long durability can be achieved even under pretension.
  • the first spring is formed as a first spiral spring. This is an advantage because a spiral spring has essentially a cylindrical jacket-like shape, which can be particularly easily trained with cylindrical contacts can insert disconnector.
  • the accelerating means is based on a movable contact which is connected to the second connecting means. This is an advantage because, in the event of a fault, the accelerating means can throw the movable contact and the second connecting means attached to it out of the separating device.
  • the electrically conductive connection has a first current path with an electrical resistor and a second current path with an arcing chamber, the bursting container being arranged on the arcing chamber in such a way that in the event of a fault by an arc in the arc chamber and / or heat on the first current path the fluid is heated sufficiently to to destroy the burst container at least partially.
  • This is advantageous because it is possible to precisely coordinate the duration and amperage of a leakage current in order to ensure that the disconnection device is triggered only in the event of a fault.
  • a locking device is designed to determine the accelerating means in normal operation of the separating device in such a way that the second connecting means is electrically conductively connected to the first connecting means, and to release the accelerating means in the event of a fault the formation of the separation distance to he possible.
  • the locking device has at least one locking means which, during normal operation of the separating device, is arranged in a recess of the movable contact and in a recess of a fixed contact, with a locking body slipping out of the lock by means of the recess of the prevents moving contact.
  • a single locking device such as e.g. a ball made of metal or a hard plastic, but if necessary, two or more locking means can be used with advantage, for example in order to achieve a reduced bending load with a circumferential distribution around the movable contact with the same Winkelab. This largely prevents accidental jamming of the locking device.
  • the locking device has at least one locking means which is arranged in normal operation of the separating device in a recess of the fixed contact and in a recess of the movable contact, with a locking body slipping out of the locking means from the recess of the fixed contact prevented.
  • This embodiment uses the same functional principle as the aforementioned embodiment, but the movable contact here is arranged overlap pend outside via the fixed contact. This means, for example, that the acceleration medium is outside the fixed contact.
  • an unlocking means is formed to move the locking body in the event of a fault, so that the at least one locking means is released so that the at least one locking means slips out of the respective recess and the accelerating means the movable contact from the first connection means moved away.
  • the unlocking means has a second spring. This is an advantage because springs are simple and inexpensive to manufacture and long durability can be achieved even under pretension.
  • the second spring is designed as a second spiral spring. This is an advantage because a spiral spring has essentially a cylindrical jacket-like shape, which can be particularly easily can insert disconnect device designed with cylindrical contacts.
  • a locking device is provided in order to releasably fix the movable contact on the fixed contact for transport and storage.
  • the locking device has a thread on a contact area between the movable contact and the fixed contact, so that a screw connection can be formed by rotating the movable contact against the fixed contact.
  • the integrated thread ensures that false accidents are easily prevented. No other components are required for securing.
  • the inven tion solves this problem by a surge arrester according to claim 15.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an inventive separation device
  • Figure 2 is a detailed view of the first embodiment according to claim 1, and
  • Figure 3 is a detailed view of a movable contact
  • FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of an inventive separation device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a separating device 41 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section of FIG. 1.
  • the separating device 41 is triggered thermally, but is not based on the principle of the pyrotechnic propellant charge. No blank cartridge or the like is used as an explosive device.
  • the separating device 41 has an electrically insulating housing 2, which is essentially pot-shaped or bell-shaped.
  • the housing 2 is arranged with its closed side (the “pot bottom”) on a first connection means 1, which serves as an electrode for a connection to a surge arrester (not shown).
  • the first connection means 1 has a bore 20 with an internal thread
  • This exemplary embodiment is essentially rotationally symmetrical, so that many parts are cylindrical (ie circular in the longitudinal section), for example to be able to be plugged into one another.
  • practically any other geometry in the longitudinal section is like For example, a hexagon or a square can be constructed with the same functional principle if the individual components match each other or can be plugged into one another, for example.
  • a second connection means is arranged at the other end of the separating device 41.
  • the second connection means is designed, for example, as a short screw (not shown) to which an underground cable can be connected.
  • an assembly aid is shown, which has a connection bolt 50 with a screw head 11. At the connection bolt 50 is fixed in a locking body 8 by screwing into a thread. With the assembly aid, the disconnecting device can be installed in the pretensioned state. For operation on a surge arrester, the assembly aid is removed from the locking body 8.
  • the short screw is screwed as a second connection means into a thread 62 in a movable contact 10 and the earth cable is connected (not shown).
  • the first connection means 1 adjoins an arc chamber 60, which provides an alternative current path for a leakage current.
  • the arc chamber 60 has a conductor arc 61 which bulges semicircularly in the direction of a counter contact 13.
  • the Lichtbogenkam mer 60 is laterally delimited by a wall 21 which is surrounded on the outside with an insulator material 4.
  • the arc chamber 60 is arranged on a fixed contact 6, which is designed as a hollow cylinder.
  • An electrical resistor 3 bridges the arc chamber 60 by providing an electrically conductive connection between the first connection means 1 and the fixed contact 6.
  • the electrical resistor 3 and the arcing chamber 60 are matched to one another in such a way that, in normal operation, a leakage current can flow out of the arrester via the first connection means 1, the electrical resistor 3 and the fixed contact 6 into the movable contact 10. From there, the leakage current can flow to earth, for example, via an earth cable connected to the second connection means.
  • the Abtrennvor device 41 must trigger because, for example, a varistor column in the conductor is damaged and could cause a permanent short-circuit of an overhead line to earth. In such a fault, the voltage dropping across the arc chamber 60 is so high that an arc can form between the conductor arc 61 and the mating contact 13.
  • a fluid is provided in the bursting container.
  • a temperature-sensitive liquid 42 is contained in the burst container, which can expand above a predetermined temperature limit to such an extent that the burst container is at least partially destroyed.
  • the liquid 42 is, for example, a commercially available temperature-sensitive liquid for triggering sprinkler systems, which is suitable for at least partially destroying the bursting container 5 above a temperature limit of 120 ° C.
  • a normal liquid with a temperature limit of 182 ° C, coded with a violet color can be used. If an arc occurs in the arc chamber 60 in the event of a fault, the heat development of the arc leads to the bursting container 5 bursting after a very short time.
  • An accelerating means has a biased in the normal operation of the disconnecting device 41 from the first coil spring 7 as Be accelerating means, which rests on the inside of the cylindrical fixed contact 6.
  • the first coil spring 7 is supported at its end facing the first connection means 1 on a first shoulder 55.
  • the first coil spring 7 is supported on the movable contact 10, which is also in contact with the inside of the cylindrical fixed contact 6.
  • the first spiral spring 7 is dimensioned such that its wire has a larger diameter than the wall thickness 51 of the pot wall 52 of the movable contact 10.
  • the movable contact 10 is tapered, i.e. that its diameter is, for example, smaller than the diameter 33, e.g. also has the diameter 32. This results in a circumferential step 56, so that the first coil spring 7 finds space between the movable contact 6 and the fixed contact 6.
  • a locking device 15 is optionally provided as an additional security measure for transport and storage.
  • a thread is formed between the movable contact 10 and the fixed contact 6.
  • a bayonet lock can be used.
  • the movable contact 10 can be releasably fixed in the fixed contact 6 by one to several rotations. For use before Location can be solved by turning the screw connection of the locking device 15 - in the event of a fault, the disconnecting device 41 can then trigger and shoot the movable contact 10 out of the fixed contact 7.
  • the movable contact 10 is essentially designed as a cylinder which has a cylindrical recess 30 with an inner diameter 33.
  • the movable contact 10 is thus also essentially pot-shaped with a “pot wall” 52 and a “pot base” 53, the open side of the pot facing the first connection means 1.
  • a connecting bolt 50 projects into the area of the pot or into the recess 30.
  • a biased second coil spring 14 is placed to the connection pin 50.
  • a locking body 8 has a recess for receiving the connecting bolt 50 and is screwed into it for assembly as explained at the beginning. By the pre-tensioned second coil spring 14, the locking body 8 is spaced at a distance 31 from the bottom of the cup-shaped second connection means. As a result, an air-filled cavity 30 is present.
  • the locking body 8 On part of its length, the locking body 8, in particular at its end facing the second connection means, has a taper with a second diameter 32 which is smaller than the inner diameter 33. This taper creates a ring-shaped step 24 formed recess that lengthens the air-filled cavity 30 in the direction of the first connection means 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of a movable contact 10.
  • the contact 10 has two recesses 20, only one recess 20 being visible on the basis of the three-dimensional representation in FIG.
  • the recesses 20 are, for example, circular bores which completely penetrate the “cup wall” 52 of the movable contact 10.
  • blocking bodies 9 are arranged, for example as balls or can be designed as a cylinder (in the case of cylindrical bores for the recesses 20).
  • the locking body 9 are preferably only slightly deformable, ie provided with a hard surface.
  • the locking body can consist of metal or hard plastic.
  • the diameter 38 of the blocking bodies, which are designed as balls in the exemplary embodiment, is preferably dimensioned such that there is only little play in the respective recess 20.
  • the diameter 38 of the locking body 9 is greater than the wall thickness 51 of the “pot wall” 52 of the pot-shaped movable contact 10.
  • the locking body 8 lies against the pot wall 52 with little play, so that the respective locking body 8 is in normal operation of the separating device 41 cannot slide in. Since the locking bodies 9 each have a larger diameter 38 than the pot wall 52, they each protrude outwards from the recesses 20. The projecting part of the locking bodies 9 is in a recess, which acts as a circumferential groove 12 is inserted on the inside of the fixed contact 7. The groove 12 extends over a certain width along the inside of the fixed contact 7 in the direction of the pot bottom 53 of the movable contact 10. A threaded screw connection is provided for the optional locking device 15 , so for a rotatability of the movable contact 10, the groove 12 as annular groove.
  • the liquid-filled bursting container 5 This supports in normal operation as a blockage the locking body 8, which is supported on the bursting container.
  • the locking body 8 is tensioned by the second spiral spring 14 ge conditions the liquid-filled bursting container 5. If If the liquid 42 expands as a result of the heating, the bursting container 42 is destroyed. For example, a
  • Glass ampoule 42 used e.g. bursts to its full extent and can therefore no longer support the locking body 8.
  • the second spiral spring 14 now displaces the locking body 8 in the direction of the first connection means 1, so that a radial movement of the locking body 9 in recesses 24 of the locking body 8, which are designed as a circumferential annular step 24, is possible.
  • the first spiral spring 7 is released to push the movable contact 10 with the locking body 8 in the direction away from the first connecting means out of the separating device 41.
  • the movement of the locking body 9 is facilitated by chamfered corners 33, 35 in the groove 12 and the annular step 24.
  • the movable contact 10 is thus driven by the first Spiralfe of 7 pushed out of the fixed contact 6 and the electrical current path is opened.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a separating device 70 according to the invention.
  • this variant unlike in the first exemplary embodiment, there is no geic movement of the two springs 7, 14 when the separating device 70 is triggered. Both springs 7, 14 relax in this Variant in the same direction, namely away from the first connection means 1.
  • the fixed contact 6 is designed as a hollow body, in the interior of which a second coil spring 14 is biased in normal operation from the disconnecting device supported on a locking body 8.
  • the locking body 8 is slidably supported on a bursting container 5, which is arranged on a pot bottom of a cup-shaped movable contact 10.
  • the locking body 8 contains in this Vari ante the arc chamber.
  • the movable contact 10 overlaps in this exemplary embodiment - in contrast to the first embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 - outside the fixed contact 6 with the latter.
  • a first coil spring 7 for separating the contacts 6, 10 lies outside of the fixed contact 6 on the latter and is biased in normal operation.
  • the first coil spring 7 is based on the movable union 10 and the first connection means 1 rank.
  • an optional locking device 15 which provides transport and storage security by means of a screw connection or thread, in that the movable contact 10 and the fixed contact 6 are releasably fixed.
  • the triggering of the disconnection device 70 in the event of a fault will now be briefly explained below. If the bursting container 5 is destroyed in the event of a fault, the second coil spring 14 presses the locking body 8 in the direction of the pot bottom of the movable contact 10. This releases the locking bodies 9, which are located in recesses in the fixed contact 6, and can slide into the interior of the fixed contact 6 . This unlocks the freedom of movement of the movable contact 10, which can now be accelerated away from the first connection means 1 by the first coil spring 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de déconnexion (41, 70) pour un limiteur de surtension, comprenant un premier moyen de connexion (1) et un deuxième moyen de connexion, et une connexion électriquement conductrice (4, 6) entre les deux moyens de connexion (1), caractérisé en ce qu'un récipient à éclater (5) rempli de fluide (42) est prévu, le fluide (42) étant conçu pour, au-dessus d'une limite de température prédéfinie, détruire au moins partiellement le récipient à éclater (5), et en ce qu'un moyen d'accélération (7) est prévu, pouvant être déclenché par la destruction au moins partielle du récipient à éclater (5) pour éloigner le deuxième moyen de connexion du premier moyen de connexion (1) en formant un trajet de séparation. L'invention concerne en outre un limiteur de surtension comprenant le dispositif de déconnexion.
PCT/EP2019/072987 2018-09-18 2019-08-28 Dispositif de déconnexion pour un limiteur de surtension et limiteur de surtension comprenant le dispositif de déconnexion WO2020057925A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018215830.4 2018-09-18
DE102018215830.4A DE102018215830A1 (de) 2018-09-18 2018-09-18 Abtrennvorrichtung für einen Überspannungsableiter und Überspannungsableiter mit der Abtrennvorrichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020057925A1 true WO2020057925A1 (fr) 2020-03-26

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PCT/EP2019/072987 WO2020057925A1 (fr) 2018-09-18 2019-08-28 Dispositif de déconnexion pour un limiteur de surtension et limiteur de surtension comprenant le dispositif de déconnexion

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DE (1) DE102018215830A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020057925A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111632327A (zh) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-08 湖北航天化学技术研究所 一种无电非储压式灭火系统

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020214671A1 (de) 2020-11-23 2022-05-25 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Ableitungsvorrichtung und Stromleitungsvorrichtung mit der Ableitungsvorrichtung
CN114725913A (zh) 2021-01-06 2022-07-08 西门子能源全球有限公司 具有用于过电压放电装置的隔离装置的设备

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10025685A1 (de) 2000-05-19 2001-11-29 Siemens Ag Trennschalt-Vorrichtung für einen Hochspannungs-Überspannungsableiter
DE102007012296A1 (de) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Siemens Ag Trennschalteinrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Trennschalteinrichtung
DE102011009042A1 (de) * 2011-01-20 2012-07-26 Norbulb Sprinkler Elemente Gmbh Temperatursicherung
US20130033796A1 (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-07 Shea John J Insulated arc flash arrester

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10025685A1 (de) 2000-05-19 2001-11-29 Siemens Ag Trennschalt-Vorrichtung für einen Hochspannungs-Überspannungsableiter
DE102007012296A1 (de) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Siemens Ag Trennschalteinrichtung sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Trennschalteinrichtung
DE102011009042A1 (de) * 2011-01-20 2012-07-26 Norbulb Sprinkler Elemente Gmbh Temperatursicherung
US20130033796A1 (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-07 Shea John J Insulated arc flash arrester

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111632327A (zh) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-08 湖北航天化学技术研究所 一种无电非储压式灭火系统

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