WO2020057261A1 - 通信方法和装置 - Google Patents

通信方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020057261A1
WO2020057261A1 PCT/CN2019/098152 CN2019098152W WO2020057261A1 WO 2020057261 A1 WO2020057261 A1 WO 2020057261A1 CN 2019098152 W CN2019098152 W CN 2019098152W WO 2020057261 A1 WO2020057261 A1 WO 2020057261A1
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Prior art keywords
network
application
target value
network element
information
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PCT/CN2019/098152
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李卓明
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP19863663.1A priority Critical patent/EP3843333B1/en
Publication of WO2020057261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020057261A1/zh
Priority to US17/203,409 priority patent/US11902805B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5041—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service
    • H04L41/5054—Automatic deployment of services triggered by the service manager, e.g. service implementation by automatic configuration of network components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0894—Policy-based network configuration management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0895—Configuration of virtualised networks or elements, e.g. virtualised network function or OpenFlow elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/40—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5019—Ensuring fulfilment of SLA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5019—Ensuring fulfilment of SLA
    • H04L41/5025—Ensuring fulfilment of SLA by proactively reacting to service quality change, e.g. by reconfiguration after service quality degradation or upgrade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5041—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the time relationship between creation and deployment of a service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/021—Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a communication method and device.
  • network slices are the key technologies to meet the needs of network differentiation. They are network functions virtualization (NFV) and software defined networks (software defined).
  • NFV network functions virtualization
  • SDN software defined network
  • the operator creates a relatively isolated logical network with specific network characteristics and supporting specific business capabilities for the tenant on the physical infrastructure of the communication network according to the tenant order and according to the network slice template. This is called a network slice instance (NSI).
  • NSF network slice management function
  • Tenants can provide various differentiated application services to vertical industries or ordinary users through the communication services provided by network slicing.
  • Tenants who order network slices send network slice requirements to the network slice management function (NSMF) network elements through communication service management (CSMF) network elements, and the NSMF network elements create network slices based on the requirements. Instance.
  • the NSMF network element decomposes the network slice requirements into network slice subnet requirements, and calls the network slice subnet management function (NSSMF) network element to create a network slice subnet instance.
  • NSSMF network slice subnet management function
  • NF network function
  • VNF virtualized network function
  • the NSSMF network element determines the network service description of the NFV network element deployment based on the network slice subnet requirements and the network slice template.
  • File Network Service Descriptor, NSD
  • MEO call management and orchestration
  • the operator sets the performance capacity and configuration data of the NF network element in the network slice and the network slice by means of human-computer interaction, that is, setting the target value of network operation information.
  • NSMF and NSSMF create network slices, deploy NF network elements in the network slices, allocate virtual network resources for NF network elements based on performance capacity, and configure NF network elements based on configuration data, so that network slices can provide communications specified by tenants Services to support vertical industry or ordinary users to use corresponding application services through network slicing.
  • the human-computer interaction method has a large delay and cannot respond to the dynamic changes in the business characteristics or performance requirements of application services in a timely manner.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, which are used to implement dynamic adjustment of a target value of network operation information and timely respond to dynamic changes in business characteristics or performance requirements of application services.
  • a communication method includes: a network data analysis function network element obtaining a target value of application information of a network slice in a specified location area; the network data analysis function network element according to the application information and the network operation information.
  • the association relationship between the network slice and the application information target value is used to obtain the network operation information target value of the network slice in the specified location area.
  • the association relationship is used to describe that the communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area meets the service level agreement SLA
  • the relationship between the application information and the network operation information; the network data analysis function network element sends the network operation information target value to the operation management and maintenance server.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the target value of the application information of the network slice in the specified location area, and obtains the network of the network slice in the specified location area according to the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information and the application information target value.
  • the target value of the operating information and sends the target value of the network operating information to the OAM server realizes the dynamic adjustment of the target value of the network operating information and timely responds to the dynamic changes in the business characteristics or performance requirements of the application service.
  • the target value of application information includes a target value of application parameters, and the target value of network operation information includes a target value of network parameters; or, the target value of application information includes a target value of application parameters, and the target value of network operation information includes a network key The target value of the performance index KPI; or, the target value of the application information includes the target value of the application traffic, and the target value of the network operation information includes the target value of the network KPI.
  • This embodiment provides several specific ways of applying the target value of the information and the target value of the network operation information.
  • the network data analysis function network element obtaining the target value of the application information of the network slice in the specified location area includes: the network data analysis function network element receives the application from the operation management and maintenance server or the application function network element Information target value.
  • This embodiment provides a specific way of how the network data analysis function network element obtains the target value of the application information.
  • the network data analysis function network element obtaining the target value of the application information of the network slice in the specified location area includes: the network data analysis function network element receives the prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device from the application function network element. And application parameter prediction information, where the application parameter prediction information is used to predict the mobile mode and / or communication mode used by the terminal device; the network data analysis function network element according to the prediction information of the terminal device movement trajectory and the application parameter prediction information, Obtain the target value of the application information.
  • This embodiment provides another specific way of how the network data analysis function network element obtains the target value of the application information.
  • the communication method further includes: the network data analysis function network element determines the association relationship according to the application information and network operation information corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the specified location area. This embodiment provides how the network data analysis function network element determines the association relationship.
  • the communication method further includes: the network data analysis function network element receives the application experience of the network slice in the specified location area from the application function network element; the network data analysis function network element determines the satisfaction based on the application experience.
  • SLA communication services This embodiment provides how the network data analysis function network element determines a communication service that meets the SLA.
  • the communication method further includes: the network data analysis function network element receives, from the application function network element, the application parameters corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the specified location area; the network data analysis function The network element receives network parameters corresponding to the SLA-compliant communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area from the network function network element in the network slice; the network data analysis function network element provides the SLA-compliant communication provided in the specified location area according to the network slice Determine the association relationship between the application information and network operation information corresponding to the service, including: the network data analysis function network element determines the association relationship according to the application parameters and the network parameters.
  • This embodiment provides a specific way of how the network data analysis function network element determines the association relationship.
  • the communication method further includes: the network data analysis function network element receives, from the application function network element, the application service volume of the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the specified location area; the network data analysis function The network element receives, from the operation management and maintenance server, the network KPI of the SLA-compliant communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area; the network data analysis function corresponds to the SLA-compliant communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area.
  • Application information and network operation information to determine the association relationship include: network data analysis function network element determines the association relationship based on application traffic and network KPI. This embodiment provides another specific way of how the network data analysis function network element determines the association relationship.
  • the communication method further includes: the network data analysis function network element receives, from the application function network element, the application parameter of the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the specified location area; the network data analysis function network The element receives the network KPI of the SLA-compliant communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area from the operation management and maintenance server; the network data analysis function corresponds to the application corresponding to the SLA-compliant communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area Information and network operation information to determine the association relationship, including: network data analysis function network element determines the association relationship according to the application parameters and network KPI.
  • This embodiment mode provides another specific way of how the network data analysis function network element determines the association relationship.
  • the designated location area is an overall area where the network slice provides services or a partial area where the network slices provide services. This embodiment provides a specific way to specify a location area.
  • a communication device including: an obtaining unit configured to obtain a target value of application information of a network slice within a specified location area; the obtaining unit is further configured to obtain an association relationship between the application information and network operation information And applying the target value of the information to obtain the target value of the network operation information of the network slice in the specified location area, wherein the association relationship is used to describe that the communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area is applied when the service level agreement SLA is met Correlation between information and network operation information; a sending unit is used to send a network operation information target value to an operation management and maintenance server.
  • the target value of application information includes a target value of application parameters, and the target value of network operation information includes a target value of network parameters; or, the target value of application information includes a target value of application parameters, and the target value of network operation information includes a network key The target value of the performance index KPI; or, the target value of the application information includes the target value of the application traffic, and the target value of the network operation information includes the target value of the network KPI.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit, configured to receive an application information target value from an operation management and maintenance server or an application function network element.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit configured to receive the prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device and the prediction information of the application parameters from the application function network element.
  • the prediction information of the application parameters is For predicting a mobile mode and / or a communication mode used by the terminal device; and an obtaining unit, configured to obtain a target value of the application information according to the prediction information of the terminal device's movement trajectory and the application parameter prediction information.
  • the communication device further includes a determining unit, configured to determine the association relationship according to the application information and network operation information corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the specified location area.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit configured to receive an application experience of the network slice in a specified location area from an application function network element; and a determining unit is configured to determine the satisfaction based on the application experience.
  • SLA communication services configured to transmit an application experience of the network slice in a specified location area from an application function network element; and a determining unit is configured to determine the satisfaction based on the application experience.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit, which is configured to receive, from the application function network element, application parameters corresponding to the SLA-compliant communication service provided by the network slice in a specified location area; the receiving unit, It is used to receive the network parameters corresponding to the SLA-compliant communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area from the network function network element in the network slice; the determining unit is used to determine the association relationship according to the application parameter and the network parameter.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit configured to receive, from an application function network element, an application service volume of a communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in a specified location area; the receiving unit, It is used to receive the network KPI from the operation management and maintenance server that meets the SLA communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area; a determination unit is used to determine the association relationship according to the application traffic and the network KPI.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit configured to receive, from an application function network element, an application parameter of the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in a specified location area; the receiving unit is configured to: A network KPI for receiving, from a management and maintenance server, a network slice provided by a network slice in a designated location area that satisfies a SLA communication service; a determining unit, configured to determine an association relationship according to an application parameter and a network KPI.
  • the designated location area is an overall area where the network slice provides services or a partial area where the network slices provide services.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system including the communication device according to the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a program, and the processor calls the program stored in the memory to execute the foregoing first aspect and various possible implementations of the first aspect.
  • the communication method described in the aspect is used to store a program, and the processor calls the program stored in the memory to execute the foregoing first aspect and various possible implementations of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the foregoing first aspect and the communication methods described in various possible implementation manners of the first aspect are performed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product runs on a communication device
  • the communication device is caused to execute the communication method described in the first aspect and various possible implementation manners of the first aspect. .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, including: a processor, configured to support a communication device to execute the foregoing first aspect and the communication methods described in various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a first schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3A is a first schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3B is a second schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3C is a third flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3D is a fourth flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3E is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4A is a sixth flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 4B is a schematic flowchart VII of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart eight of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart IX of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a second schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a third structural schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application are described based on the scenario of a 5G network in a wireless communication network. It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other wireless communication networks, and the corresponding names can also be used in other wireless communication networks. The corresponding function name is replaced.
  • the communication system architecture includes: network data analysis function network element (NWDAF) network element 101, operation management and maintenance (operation, administration, and maintenance (OAM)) server 102, application server management system 103, and application server 104 , Network capability open function (NEF) network element 105, application function (AF) network element 106, policy control function (PCF) network element 107, session management function (session management function, (SMF) network element 108, user plane function (UPF) network element 109, access and mobility management function (AMF) network element 110.
  • NWDF network data analysis function network element
  • OAM operation, administration, and maintenance
  • NEF Network capability open function
  • AF application function
  • PCF policy control function
  • SMF session management function
  • UPF user plane function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • NWDAF network element 101 is a network data analysis function network element in a 5G network defined by 3GPP SA2. It can be obtained from various NF network elements (for example, PCF network element 107, SMF network element 108, UPF network element 109), AMF network element, The AF network element (via the NEF network element) and the OAM server 102 collect data and perform analysis and prediction.
  • NF network elements for example, PCF network element 107, SMF network element 108, UPF network element 109
  • AMF network element for example, PCF network element 107, SMF network element 108, UPF network element 109
  • the AF network element via the NEF network element
  • OAM server 102 collect data and perform analysis and prediction.
  • the OAM server 102 enables an operator management network element to perform fault management, configuration management, performance management, and network function virtualization management on a telecommunication network.
  • the application server management system 103 may be used by an industry or third party providing application services to manage application servers, monitor application service quality, and change and optimize application services.
  • the application server 104 can provide various types of application services to the terminal device through the operator's communication network, such as video-on-demand services, connected car services, and so on.
  • the NEF network element 105 can expose some functions of the network to the application service in a controlled manner, and it can also enable the network elements in the network to obtain data and control provided by the application from the application service.
  • the AF network element 106 may provide service control and service data of various application services to a control plane network element of an operator's communication network, or obtain network data information and control information from a control plane network element of the communication network.
  • the PCF network element 107 can enable the operator to provide a control strategy for the movement and access management and session management of the terminal device.
  • the SMF network element 108 can be responsible for session management in the mobile network, such as the establishment, modification, and release of sessions. Specific functions such as assigning Internet protocol (IP) addresses to terminal devices, and selecting UPF network elements that provide message forwarding functions, etc. .
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the UPF network element 109 may be responsible for processing user packets, such as forwarding and charging.
  • the AMF network element 110 may be responsible for mobility management in a mobile network, such as location update of a terminal device, network registration, and handover.
  • the above network elements may be collectively referred to as network devices.
  • the following takes a network device as an example to describe its structure. This embodiment of the present application does not limit that each network element must have a unit or device as shown in the figure below. More or fewer units or devices.
  • the communication device 200 may include at least one processor 201, a communication line 202, and a memory 203.
  • the memory 203 is configured to store a computer execution instruction (which may be referred to as an application code) for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 201 controls the execution.
  • a computer execution instruction (which may be referred to as an application code) for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 201 controls the execution.
  • the processor 201 is configured to execute computer execution instructions stored in the memory 203, so as to implement steps or actions of each network element or device in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 201 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more processors for controlling the execution of the program of the solution of the present application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the communication line 202 is configured to transmit information between the processor 201 and the memory 203.
  • the communication device 200 further includes at least one communication interface 204 for communicating with other devices or a communication network.
  • the communication network may be Ethernet, wireless access network (RAN), or wireless local area networks (WLAN).
  • RAN wireless access network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the communication interface 204 may use wired or wireless communication technologies to communicate with other devices or communication networks. Specifically, it may be a device such as a transceiver, which is not limited.
  • the communication line 202 is further configured to transmit information between at least one communication interface 204, the processor 201, and the memory 203.
  • the memory 203 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions
  • the dynamic storage device can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM-ready-only memory (EEPROM)), compact disc (read-only memory (CD-ROM)) or other optical disk storage, optical disk storage (Including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be used by a computer Any other media accessed, but not limited to this.
  • EEPROM-ready-only memory EEPROM
  • CD-ROM compact disc
  • optical disk storage including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.
  • magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices or can be used to carry
  • the memory 203 may exist independently, and is connected to the processor through the communication line 202.
  • the memory 203 may also be integrated with the processor 201.
  • Table 1-Table 2 below show the business characteristics and performance requirements of some typical types of application services. Operators and tenants can also sign network slice service level agreements (service level agreements (SLAs)) according to Tables 1-2. During the operation phase of network slicing, operators need to ensure that the communication services provided by the network slicing can meet the signed SLA.
  • SLAs service level agreements
  • the terminal equipment can be directly connected to the network, or it can be connected to the network through a mobile base station.
  • Traffic priority and hosting services close to the end user may help achieve the lowest latency value.
  • Communication service availability is related to the service interface, and reliability is related to a given node. Reliability should be equal to or higher than the availability of communication services.
  • the payload is usually ⁇ 256 bytes.
  • the MANO network element allocates virtual resources for network slices and deploys VNF network elements on the virtual resources.
  • the MANO network elements include network function virtualization orchestrator (NFVO), virtualized network function manager (virtualized network function manager), VNFM) and virtualized infrastructure manager (VIM). Both NFVO and VNFM can drive VIM to automatically expand and shrink the virtual resources of VNF network elements.
  • VNFM monitors performance indicators such as CPU, memory, and storage usage of VNF network elements. If the overload threshold is exceeded, capacity expansion is triggered, and if it is lower than the resource recovery threshold, capacity reduction is triggered.
  • NFVO can change the virtual resource allocation according to the network service (NS) modification request sent by NSSMF.
  • NFVO and VNFM can also monitor key performance indicators (KPIs) of NF network elements and networks according to the configured rules, for example, expand and shrink the capacity based on the throughput of an interface.
  • KPIs key performance indicators
  • NFV's expansion and contraction mechanism is lagging behind business changes.
  • business experience and SLA cannot be guaranteed, so resource adjustments in advance based on changes in application services are not available to ensure application experience and SLA capabilities.
  • resource adjustments in advance based on changes in application services are not available to ensure application experience and SLA capabilities.
  • due to the mobility of terminal equipment business changes in specific locations are often more violent than the average change of the entire slice. Network functions in specific locations are prone to overload. It is more necessary to predict and make resource adjustments in advance. The existing technology cannot meet this demand .
  • NF network elements include, but are not limited to, AMF network elements, SMF network elements, and UPF network elements.
  • the specified time period can be a specified range of start and end times, a period of time from the current start, and a specific time point.
  • the designated location area may be an entire area where the network slice provides services or a partial area where the network slice provides services. For example, a cell, a tracking area, an AMF region, an SMF service region, a UPF service region, or the corresponding geographic region, and so on.
  • Application information including at least one of application parameters and application traffic.
  • the application parameter is used to determine a mobility pattern and / or a communication pattern used by a terminal device of the user when the user uses an application service.
  • the mobile mode is a characteristic exhibited by the historical statistics of the mobile device's mobile behavior and can be determined by the AMF network element or the NWDAF network element according to the parameters of the mobile behavior characteristics of the terminal in the application parameters.
  • the parameters of the terminal's mobile behavior characteristics in the application parameters may include the time when the terminal device is stationary, the time of movement, the length of the stationary duration, the length of the movement duration, or the movement speed, and so on. For example, the terminal device will move once every day between 8 am and 9 am, with an average distance of 500 meters.
  • the communication mode is a characteristic exhibited by the historical statistics of the communication behavior of the terminal device, and can be determined by the AF network element or the NWDAF network element according to the parameters of the terminal communication behavior characteristic in the application parameters.
  • the parameters of the terminal communication behavior characteristics in the application parameters may include the time when the application layer initiates communication and ends the communication, the communication duration, the communication silence duration, the average communication traffic, the burst communication traffic, the communication message length, or the unit time. Number of communications, etc. For example, the terminal device initiates an application communication connection every 30 seconds on average, sends and receives 30 messages on average, and the average data message length is 200 bytes.
  • the above application service may be one or more application services supported by network slicing, without limitation.
  • the application traffic can be used to describe the number of connection or data traffic of the application layer service between the terminal device and the application server, or the number of communication connection or data traffic of the application layer service between the terminal device and the application server.
  • the maximum data traffic of the application service is 10 Gbps
  • the maximum number of simultaneous application layer service connections between terminal devices is 100,000, and so on.
  • the application information target value includes at least one of an application parameter target value and an application traffic target value.
  • the target value of the application parameter refers to an expected value of a terminal device mobile mode and / or an expected value of a terminal device communication mode that the network slice needs to support.
  • the maximum mobile speed of a mobile terminal device supported by the network slice is expected to be 150km / h
  • the maximum burst communication traffic supported by the network slice is expected to be 300Mbps / s
  • the maximum application data packet length supported by the network slice is expected to be 25kByte, etc. .
  • the target value of application traffic refers to the performance requirements of application services that the network slice needs to support. It may include the requirements of the number of communication connections or the data traffic of the application layer services between the terminal device and the application server, or the requirements of the number of communication connections or the data traffic of the application layer services between the terminal devices. ,and many more.
  • Application experience used to describe how well the network slice meets the needs of the supported application services.
  • customer service index CEI
  • MOS mean opinion score
  • QoE quality of experience
  • Network operation information including at least one of network parameters and network KPIs.
  • the network parameter refers to a running state parameter of the NF network element in the network slice. For example, cache function switch status, session continuity mode. It should be noted that the value of network parameters can be affected by changing the configuration of NF network elements.
  • the network KPI refers to the key performance statistics of the network slices and / or network functions in the network slices collected by the operation management and maintenance server. Specifically, it can be the overall end-to-end network KPI of the network slice, or the network KPI of the NF network element in the network slice. See Table 5. For example, the uplink throughput of the network slice instance, the maximum number of PDU sessions of the SMF, and so on.
  • the network operation information target value includes at least one of a network parameter target value and a network KPI target value.
  • the target value of the network parameter refers to a setting value of the network parameter recommended by the network data analysis function. For example, it is recommended to set the cache function status parameter to on, it is recommended to set the session continuity mode parameter to mode 2, and so on.
  • the target value of the network KPI refers to the network KPI of the network slice recommended by the network data analysis function, and can also be called the expected value of the network KPI of the NF network element in the network slice. For example, the maximum number of PDU sessions in the SMF is 100,000, the maximum uplink throughput of the network slice instance is 500 Mbps, and so on.
  • SLA is the type of communication services provided by the operator and its tenants through the contracted network slicing, as well as the business characteristics and performance requirements of application services supported by various communication services to ensure the availability and application experience of application services.
  • the SLA stipulates that operators provide communication services for application data to industry users through network slicing, report terminal device location, and terminal device paging communication services; among them, application data transmission requires a delay of less than 20ms, a maximum traffic bandwidth of not less than 100Mbps, and packet loss The rate is not greater than 1% and so on.
  • the prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device is used to predict the movement track of the terminal device. For example, a driving route planned by a car navigation service.
  • the prediction information of the application parameters is used to predict a mobile mode and / or a communication mode used by the terminal device.
  • the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information is used to describe the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information provided that the communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area satisfies the SLA. For example, in the entire area where the entire network slice provides services or in the area where the network slice provides services, the communication services provided in the network slices meet the SLA signed between the tenant and the operator (that is, the application services can ensure the expected availability And application experience), the relationship between application information and network operation information.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, as described below.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains a target value of application information of a network slice in a specified location area.
  • the NWDAF network element may receive the application information target value from the OAM server or the AF network element. For details, refer to the description in step S407 or S507.
  • the NWDAF network element may receive, from the AF network element, prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device and prediction information of the application parameter, wherein the prediction information of the application parameter is used to predict the movement mode and / Or communication mode.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the target value of the application information according to the prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device and the prediction information of the application parameters. For details, refer to the description in step S610.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the target value of the network operation information in the specified location area according to the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information and the target value of the application information.
  • the application information target value includes an application parameter target value
  • the network operation information target value includes a network parameter target value
  • the application information target value includes an application parameter target value
  • the network operation information target value includes a network KPI.
  • Target value or, the target value of the application information includes the target value of the application traffic, and the target value of the network operation information includes the target value of the network KPI.
  • the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information can be determined by the NWDAF network element, and can refer to steps S304-S312; it can also be obtained from other network elements, for example, the AF network element can adopt the method provided in steps S304-S312. Determine the association between application information and network operation information and send it to the NWDAF network element without restriction.
  • S302 may refer to the related description in step S408.
  • the NWDAF network element sends a network operation information target value to the OAM server.
  • S303 may refer to the related description in step S408 or S611.
  • a NWDAF network element obtains a target value of application information of a network slice in a specified location area, and the NWDAF network element obtains a network according to an association relationship between the application information and network operation information, and the target value of the application information.
  • the target value of the network operation information sliced in the specified location area is sent to the OAM server.
  • the communication method further includes step S304.
  • the network element determines an association relationship between the application information and the network operation information according to the application information and network operation information corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the specified location area.
  • the NWDAF network element determines an association relationship between the application information and the network operation information according to the application information and network operation information corresponding to the SLA-compliant communication service provided in the designated location area by the network slice.
  • the communication service satisfying the SLA may be a communication service satisfying the SLA within a preset time period (for example, 2 o'clock to 3 o'clock), or a communication service satisfying the SLA at a preset time point (for example, 5 minutes ago).
  • step S304 may refer to related descriptions in steps S405 and S406, and details are not described herein again.
  • the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area can be provided by the AF network element, or the method shown in FIG. 3B can be adopted, as follows:
  • the NWDAF network element receives the application experience of the network slice in the specified location area from the AF network element.
  • the NWDAF network element receives the application experience of the network slice in the specified location area from the AF network element.
  • S305 may refer to the related description in step S402.
  • the NWDAF network element determines a communication service that meets the SLA according to the application experience.
  • S306 may refer to the related description in step S404.
  • steps S305-S306 may also be performed by an AF network element.
  • the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area can be sent by the AF network element to the NWDAF network element.
  • the communication method may further include:
  • the NWDAF network element receives, from the AF network element, the application parameter corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area.
  • the NWDAF network element receives, from the NF network element in the network slice, network parameters corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area.
  • step S304 may include:
  • the NWDAF network element determines an association relationship between the application information and the network operation information according to the application parameters and the network parameters.
  • the communication method may further include:
  • the NWDAF network element receives, from the AF network element, the application service volume of the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area.
  • the NWDAF network element receives, from the OAM server, the network KPI of the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area.
  • step S304 may include:
  • the NWDAF network element determines an association relationship between application information and network operation information according to application traffic and network KPI.
  • the communication method may further include:
  • the NWDAF network element receives, from the AF network element, the application parameter of the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area.
  • the NWDAF network element receives, from the OAM server, the network KPI of the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area.
  • step S304 may include:
  • the NWDAF network element determines an association relationship between the application information and the network operation information according to the application parameters and the network KPI.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides another communication method.
  • This method can be applied to a scenario in which an OAM server requests a recommended target value of network operation information from an NWDAF network element after application service demand adjustment, and the OAM server performs resource adjustment or configuration adjustment on a network slice according to the target value of the network operation information.
  • This communication method is described below.
  • the NWDAF network element receives network parameters corresponding to a communication service provided by a network slice in a designated location area.
  • the NWDAF network element can receive the communication services provided by the network slice in the designated location area from various NF network elements in the 5G core network (5G core, 5GC), such as AMF network elements, SMF network elements, and UPF network elements.
  • 5G core 5G core
  • 5GC 5G core network
  • the NWDAF network element may request the NF network element for network parameters corresponding to the communication services provided by the network slice in the specified location area within a specified period of time, and receive the network slice sent by the NF network element at the specified location within the specified time period.
  • Network parameters corresponding to the communication services provided in the area For another example, the NF network element may send network parameters corresponding to the communication service provided by it in the designated location area to the NWDAF network element in real time or periodically, without restriction.
  • the network parameters may include but are not limited to the categories and examples shown in Table 3.
  • the NWDAF network element receives application information and application experience of the network slice in the specified location area from the AF network element.
  • the NWDAF network element may request the AF network element for the application information and application experience of the network slice in the specified location area during the specified time period, and receive the application information and application experience of the network slice in the specified location area.
  • the NWDAF network element may request the AF network element for application information and application experience of the network slice in the specified location area during the specified time period, and receive application information of the network slice in the specified location area during the specified time period.
  • the NF network element may send its application information and application experience in a specified location area to the NWDAF network element in real time or periodically, without restriction.
  • the application information may include at least one of application parameters and application traffic.
  • Table 4 shows categories and examples of application information and application experience.
  • the NWDAF network element receives the network KPI of the network slice in the designated location area from the OAM server.
  • the network KPI may be the overall end-to-end network KPI of the network slice, or the network KPI of the NF network element in the network slice, which may include but is not limited to the categories and examples shown in Table 5.
  • the NWDAF network element may slicing the network KPI in the specified location area to the OAM server within the specified time period, and receive the network KPI in the specified location area from the OAM server in the specified time period.
  • the OAM server may send its network KPI in the specified location area to the NWDAF network element in real time or periodically, without restriction.
  • steps S401 and S403 are optional.
  • Example 1 When the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information in step S405 is the association relationship between the application information and the network parameters, step S403 may not be performed. Further, when the association relationship between the application information and the network parameter is the association relationship between the application parameter and the network parameter, the application information in step S402 may include only the application parameter; when the association relationship between the application information and the network parameter is When the relationship between the application traffic and the network parameters is used, the application information in step S402 may include only the application traffic and is not limited.
  • Example 2 When the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information in step S405 is the association relationship between the application information and the network KPI, step S401 may not be performed. In addition, for the application information in step S402, reference may be made to the related description in Example 1, and details are not described herein again.
  • the NWDAF network element determines a communication service that meets the SLA according to the application information and application experience of the network slice in the specified location area.
  • the above-mentioned application information, application experience, network KPI, or network parameter obtained by the NWDAF network element may be a series of sampling values.
  • the sampling values obtained in steps S401 to S403 are sampling values within a specified time period, or may be sampling values of an unlimited time period. For details, refer to related descriptions in steps S401 to S403. For example, assuming that the obtained sampling value is a sampling value within a specified time period, the application information, network operation information, and application experience involved in steps S404-S405 may be the sampling value within the specified time period.
  • the application information, network operation information, and application experience involved in steps S404-S405 can be sampled values within the specified time period by NWDAF
  • NWDAF NWDAF
  • the network element finds the sampling value in the specified time period among the obtained sampling values, and may also be an average value of the sampling values in multiple time periods, which is not limited.
  • the NWDAF network element analyzes the sampling time points of the sampling values of the above application information, application experience, network KPI, and network parameters, and samples the application information of the same or similar time (such as the slice time difference is less than 5 seconds) according to the sampling time points
  • the application experience sampling value, network KPI sampling value and network parameter sampling value are associated, and the above sampling values are associated with the communication service according to the communication service related identifiers in the network parameters (that is, the relevant identifiers in Table 3).
  • the NWDAF network element can determine whether the communication service meets the SLA by determining whether the application experience of the multiple application services simultaneously meets the SLA.
  • the SLA may include requirements for application experience of multiple application services, or requirements for application experience of multiple application services, respectively. For example, if a communication service serves both video applications and audio applications, the SLA requires that the video application user score is not lower than 3 and the audio application user score is not lower than 4; then the NWDAF network element judges the sampling values of the above two application experiences. Whether they all meet the SLA, and if they all meet, the communication service meets the SLA at the sampling time point.
  • the NWDAF network element averages the sampled values of the above two application experiences according to the requirements in the SLA, and then determines whether the calculation results meet the SLA. If so, the communication service meets the SLA at the sampling time. Similarly, the NWDAF network element can also determine whether the communication service meets the SLA within the time period covered by several samples.
  • NWDAF can learn all the communication services that the network slice meets the SLA in the specified location area.
  • the NWDAF network element determines an association relationship between the application information and the network operation information according to the application information and network operation information corresponding to the SLA-compliant communication service provided in the designated location area by the network slice.
  • step S405 includes steps S4051 and S4052:
  • the NWDAF network element associates the sampled value of the application information and the sampled value of the network operation information according to the sampled value of the application information and the network operation information corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the designated location area.
  • the application information may include application parameters
  • the network operation information may include network parameters, that is, steps S401 and S402 are performed without performing S403. At this time, step S4051 can be implemented by using the first method.
  • Method 1 The NWDAF network element associates the sampled value of the application information with the sampled value of the network operation information according to the application parameters and the network parameters.
  • the application parameters and network parameters obtained by the NWDAF network element correspond to the sampling values corresponding to the various communication services provided by the network slice in the specified location area within a specified period of time.
  • the NWDAF network element may Their corresponding communication services associate the sampled values of the application parameters with the sampled values of the network parameters.
  • a numerical vector can be used to represent the associated sampling value, for example, ⁇ sampling value of application parameters, sampling value of network parameters ⁇ ; for a specified time period, a numerical vector can be used for each adopted time point
  • the application information may include application parameters
  • the network operation information may include network KPIs, that is, steps S402 and S403 are performed without performing S401.
  • step S4051 may be implemented by using the second method.
  • Method 2 The NWDAF network element associates the sampled value of the application information with the sampled value of the network operation information according to the application parameters and the network KPI.
  • the application parameters and network KPIs obtained by the NWDAF network element are the sampling values corresponding to the various communication services provided by the network slice in the specified location area within the specified time period.
  • the NWDAF network element According to the sampling time of these data and their corresponding communication services, the sampling value of the application parameters and the sampling value of the network KPI can be associated, so as to obtain a series of ⁇ sampling values of the application parameter and the sampling of the network KPI within a specified period Value ⁇ numeric vector.
  • the application information may include the application traffic
  • the network operation information may include the network KPI, that is, steps S402 and S403 are performed instead of S401.
  • step S4051 can be implemented by using the third method.
  • Method 3 The NWDAF network element associates the sampled value of the application information with the sampled value of the network operation information according to the application traffic and the network KPI.
  • the application traffic and network KPI obtained by the NWDAF network element are sample values corresponding to each communication service provided by the network slice in a specified location area within a specified time period.
  • the NWDAF network Yuan can associate the sampled value of application traffic with the sampled value of network KPI according to the sampling time of these data and their corresponding communication services to obtain a series of ⁇ sampled value of application traffic, network KPI within a specified period of time. Sampled values ⁇ numeric vector.
  • the application information may include application parameters and application traffic
  • the network operation information may include network KPI, that is, steps S402 and S403 are performed without performing S401.
  • step S4051 may be implemented by using the fourth method.
  • Method 4 The NWDAF network element associates the sampled values of the application parameters, the sampled values of the application traffic, and the sampled values of the network operation information according to the application parameters, the application traffic, and the network KPI.
  • the application parameters, application traffic, and network KPI obtained by the NWDAF network element are sample values corresponding to each communication service provided by the network slice in the specified location area within a specified period of time.
  • NWDAF network elements can correlate the sampled values of application parameters, the sampled values of application traffic and the sampled values of network KPIs according to the sampling time of these data and their corresponding communication services, so as to obtain a series of data within a specified time period. ⁇ [Sampling value of application parameters, Sampling value of application traffic], Sampling value of network KPI ⁇ Numeric vector.
  • the NWDAF network element associates the sampled value of the application information corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the specified location area within the specified time period and the sampled value of the network operation information. , And get a series of ⁇ sampled values of application information, sampled values of network operation information ⁇ numerical vectors.
  • the NWDAF network element uses the sampled value of the associated application information and the sampled network operation information to train the regression model to obtain the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information.
  • the regression algorithm is a supervised learning algorithm used to establish the mapping relationship between independent and dependent variables.
  • the purpose of the regression algorithm is to find the hypothesis function hypothesis to best fit a given data set.
  • Commonly used regression algorithms include: linear regression, logistic regression, polynomial regression, etc. The application does not limit the regression algorithms used.
  • the linear regression algorithm is based on the principle of correlation, which is one of the basic principles in prediction.
  • the multiple linear regression model can find out the characteristics (ie independent variables) that may affect the dependent variable, establish the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, and make predictions for the future.
  • the NWDAF network element trains the linear regression model by using a plurality of ⁇ sampling values of application parameters, sampling values of network parameters ⁇ value vectors obtained in the first method in step S4051.
  • the regression model can be used to describe the association between the independent variables of the application parameters and the dependent variables of the network parameters.
  • an independent variable for example, a certain value of an application parameter
  • the regression model can output a dependent variable (for example, a certain value of a network parameter determined according to the above-mentioned association relationship).
  • the NWDAF network element can also use the numerical vector obtained in any of the methods 2 to 4 in step S4051 to train the linear regression model.
  • the regression model can output a corresponding dependent variable (for example, a network operation information target value).
  • the NWDAF network element trains the regression model using the numerical vectors obtained in any of the methods 1 to 4 in step S4051.
  • the trained regression model can be used to describe the communication services provided by the network slice in the specified location area. Correlation between application information and network operation information when the SLA is satisfied.
  • the application server management system sends the target value of the application information to the NWDAF network element through the OAM server of the operator.
  • the application information target value is used to describe the changing requirements of application services.
  • the target value of the application information may be carried in the analysis information request message.
  • the OAM server requests NWDAF to provide the target value of network operation information that can meet the SLA according to the changing requirements of application services.
  • the target value of the application information may be a target value of the application service parameter, or a target value of the application traffic amount, or a target value of the application parameter and a target value of the application traffic amount.
  • the expected network operation information target value may include a network parameter target value or a network KPI target value.
  • the target value of application traffic may indicate an increase or decrease in application traffic, for example, an increase or decrease in the number of application communication connections in a network slice, or an increase or decrease in application traffic in a certain location area, or The distribution of the application traffic of each network slice in different location areas is adjusted, that is, the expected application traffic of the network slice in each location area is given.
  • the target value of the application parameter may indicate some application characteristics that are desired to be changed, for example, changing the moving speed requirement of the terminal device, or changing the reliability requirement of the application service.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the target value of the network operation information that meets the SLA according to the target value of the application information and the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information.
  • the NWDAF network element uses the association relationship between the application information obtained in step S4051 and the network operation information to train the regression model, and the target value of the application information obtained by the NWDAF network element in step S407 is the application parameter target Value, the NWDAF network element enters the target value of the application parameter as an independent variable into the regression model to obtain the corresponding target network parameter value of the dependent variable, and uses the target value of the network parameter as the target value of the network operation information.
  • the NWDAF network element uses the association relationship between the application information obtained in step S4051 and the network operation information to train the regression model, and the target value of the application information obtained by the NWDAF network element in step S407 is the application parameter target Value, the NWDAF network element enters the target value of the application parameter as an independent variable into the regression model, and can obtain the corresponding target network KPI value and the network KPI target value as the network operation information target value.
  • the NWDAF network element uses the association relationship between the application information obtained in the third method in step S4051 and the network operation information to train the regression model, and the target value of the application information obtained by the NWDAF network element in step S407 is the application service volume Target value, the NWDAF network element enters the target value of the application traffic as the independent variable into the regression model, and can obtain the corresponding target network KPI value, and use the network KPI target value as the network operation information target value.
  • the NWDAF network element uses the association between the application information obtained in step 4 in step S4051 and the network operation information to train the regression model, and the target value of the application information obtained by the NWDAF network element in step S407 is the application parameter target Value and application traffic target value
  • the NWDAF network element enters the application parameter target value and the application traffic target value as two independent variables into the regression model respectively, and can obtain the corresponding strained network KPI target value and the network KPI target The value serves as the target value of network operation information.
  • the NWDAF network element sends the target value of the network operation information that meets the SLA to the OAM server.
  • the OAM server receives the target value of the network operation information that meets the SLA from the NWDAF network element, wherein the target value of the network operation information may include the target value of the network parameter or the target value of the network KPI.
  • the target value of network operation information can be carried in the analysis information response message.
  • the OAM server adjusts the network slice according to the target value of the network operation information.
  • the OAM server may configure the NF network element in the network slice according to the target value of the network parameter. For example, if the target value of the network parameter indicates that the state parameter of the UPF cache function is recommended to be on, the OAM server modifies the configuration of the UPF network element to enable the cache function.
  • the OAM server may adjust the virtual resources of the VNF network element in the network slice according to the target value of the network KPI. For example, if the network KPI target value indicates the KPI that an NF network element needs to meet, the OAM server determines the capacity requirement of the VNF network element according to the network KPI target value, and then the OAM server can send the VNF network to the MANO network element where the VNF network element is deployed Meta capacity requirement parameters, so that the MANO network element adjusts the virtual resources of the VNF network element according to the capacity requirement parameters.
  • the resource adjustment may be to reduce or increase the virtual resources of the VNF network element without restriction.
  • the OAM server receives the network KPI target value of a certain network slice, the OAM server sends the network KPI target value to the MANO network element, and the MANO network element can follow the pre-configured expansion and contraction strategy of the virtual resource and the network KPI target Value, adjust the virtual resource of the VNF network element in the network slice.
  • the foregoing expansion and contraction strategy may be a rule configured in advance by an operator for each VNF network element.
  • the rule may include a rule for indicating which network KPIs will trigger which VNF network elements to expand and expand virtual resources.
  • the rule may also include: different ranges of a network KPI value correspond to different deployment preferences (deployment flavor, DF) of a network service descriptor (NSD) or a virtualized network function descriptor (VNFD) ; Or, different network KPI values of NF network elements in a certain location area correspond to different DFs of VNFD; or, functional feature parameters of NF network elements or service capacity parameters of NF network elements in a certain location area correspond to different DFs of VNFD, and many more.
  • deployment preferences deployment flavor, DF
  • NSD network service descriptor
  • VNFD virtualized network function descriptor
  • NWDAF obtains an association relationship between application information and network operation information according to network parameters and other related information corresponding to communication services provided by a network slice in a specified location area.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the target value of the application information from the application server management system, obtains the target value of the network operation information according to the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information, and the target value of the application information, and sends the target value of the network operation information to the OAM server, so that The OAM server can dynamically adjust the network slice according to the target value of the network operation information, so that the network slice can respond to the dynamic changes in the business characteristics or performance requirements of the application service in a timely manner.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides another communication method, which may be applied to a scenario in which an AF network element sends an application information target value to an NWDAF network element.
  • the communication method may include steps S501-S509. Among them, steps S501-S505 are the same as steps S401-S405, and steps S507-S509 are the same as steps S407-S409, and will not be repeated here.
  • the application server sends the application information target value to the NWDAF network element through the AF network element.
  • the application server sends the application information target value to the NWDAF network element through the AF network element and the NEF network element.
  • the NWDAF network element receives the application information target value from the AF network element from the application server.
  • step S406 The description of the target value of the application information is referred to step S406, and is not repeated here.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information according to the network parameters and other related information of the communication service provided in the designated location area by the network slice; the NWDAF network element is from The AF network element obtains the target value of the application information, obtains the target value of the network operation information according to the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information, and the target value of the application information, and sends the target value of the network operation information to the OAM server, so that the OAM server according to the network
  • the target value of the running information dynamically adjusts the network slice so that the network slice can respond to the dynamic changes in the business characteristics or performance requirements of the application service in a timely manner.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides another communication method.
  • This method can be applied in the scenario where the OAM server subscribes to the target value of the network operation information from the NWDAF network element, where the target value of the network operation information is the prediction information of the NWDAF network element based on the terminal device movement trajectory received from the AF network element and the application parameter prediction.
  • the communication method may include S601-S612.
  • the OAM server sends a subscription request message to the NWDAF network element.
  • the subscription request message may be used to request a prediction result of a network performance pattern (NW performance pattern) from a NWDAF network element.
  • NW performance pattern a network performance pattern
  • the network performance mode is network load information of a specified location area.
  • the load information can be described by the network KPI or the NF network element KPI.
  • the prediction result of the network performance mode by the NWDAF network element subscribed by the OAM server can be described by the network PKI target value of each location area.
  • the subscription request message may further include: a length of the prediction in advance, a time interval for each execution of the prediction, and an event notification method (for example, it may be a periodic notification or a condition trigger notification).
  • an event notification method for example, it may be a periodic notification or a condition trigger notification.
  • the NWDAF network element will send a notification message to the OAM server each time it generates a prediction result of the network performance mode.
  • the notification message includes the prediction result of the network performance mode by the NWDAF network element.
  • the OAM server specifies a preset trigger condition in the subscription request message.
  • a preset trigger condition is met, the NWDAF network element sends a notification message to the OAM server.
  • the notification message includes the prediction result of the network performance mode by the NWDAF network element.
  • condition for the condition trigger notification may be that the change of the current predicted value of the load change range relative to the specified value is greater than a preset threshold (for example, the percentage of the predicted value is greater than or less than the specified value exceeds 30%), or the load change The change rate of the current predicted value of the range from the current measured data or the last predicted value exceeds a preset threshold (for example, 30%), and so on.
  • a preset threshold for example, the percentage of the predicted value is greater than or less than the specified value exceeds 30%
  • a preset threshold for example, 30%
  • the NWDAF network element sends a subscription response message to the OAM server.
  • Steps S603-S607 are the same as steps S401-S405, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that, in step S607, the NWDAF network element may train a regression model. For a description of the regression model, refer to step S405, which is not repeated here.
  • the AF network element sends the prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device and the prediction information of the application parameter to the NWDAF network element through the NEF network element.
  • the NWDAF network element receives the prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device and the prediction information of the application parameters from the AF network element.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the target value of the application information according to the prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device and the prediction information of the application parameters.
  • the NWDAF network element can predict the mobile device's mobile mode based on the parameters of the mobile device's mobile behavior characteristics in the prediction information of the application parameters.
  • the NWDAF network element can predict the communication mode used by the terminal device based on the parameters of the communication behavior characteristics of the terminal device in the prediction information of the application parameters.
  • the prediction information of the above application parameters may be directed to a terminal device or a group of terminal devices. Accordingly, the NWDAF network element may predict a mobile mode or a communication mode used by a terminal device, or may predict a mobile mode or a communication mode used by a group of terminal devices. .
  • the NWDAF network element can estimate the time it takes for the mobile terminal to reach the specified location area based on the predicted information of the terminal device's movement trajectory and the predicted mobile device's use mode. By performing the above estimation on a group of terminal devices, the NWDAF network element can Further predict the number of terminal devices in a specified location area at a point in time. The NWDAF network element can obtain the predicted value of the application traffic in the specified location area at the above-mentioned time point according to the predicted number of terminal devices in the specified location area at a certain point in time and the predicted communication mode used by the terminal device. The predicted value of the application traffic is used as the target value of the application information.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the target value of the network operation information that meets the SLA according to the target value of the application information and the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information.
  • Step S610 is the same as step S407, and is not repeated here.
  • the NWDAF network element sends the prediction result of the network performance mode to the OAM server.
  • the prediction result of the network performance mode includes the target value of the network operation information that meets the SLA.
  • the NWDAF network element sends an event subscription notification message to the OAM server after generating a prediction result of the network performance mode. If the event notification method subscribed by the OAM server is conditional notification, the NWDAF network element compares the prediction result of the network performance mode generated this time with the value specified in the preset trigger condition in the subscription request message, or compares the network generated this time.
  • the prediction result of the performance mode is compared with the prediction result of the network performance mode generated last time, or the prediction result of the network performance mode generated this time is compared with the network KPI received in step S605, and if it exceeds a preset threshold, then The event subscription notification message is sent to the OAM server; otherwise, only the prediction result of the network performance mode generated this time is cached without sending the event subscription notification message.
  • the OAM server adjusts the network slice according to the target value of the network operation information.
  • This step is the same as S409 and will not be repeated here.
  • the NWDAF network element trains a regression model to obtain an association relationship between application information and network operation information.
  • the NWDAF network element obtains the prediction information of the terminal device movement trajectory and the application parameter prediction information from the AF network element, and obtains the application information target value according to the prediction information of the terminal device movement trajectory and the application parameter prediction information.
  • the forecast information of the network is adjusted to better adapt to the expected changes in application services.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which may be used to perform a function of an NWDAF network element in the foregoing method.
  • the communication device may be divided into functional modules according to the foregoing method examples.
  • each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of the modules in this application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be another division manner in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 7 shows a possible structural diagram of a communication device involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication device 7 may include a receiving unit 711, an obtaining unit 712, and a sending unit. Unit 713 and determination unit 714. The above units are used to support the communication device to execute the related method of the NWDAF network element in any of the drawings in FIG. 3A-6.
  • the communication device provided in the present application is used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, for its corresponding features and achievable beneficial effects, reference may be made to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods provided above, and is not repeated here. To repeat.
  • the communication device 7 may include an obtaining unit 712 and a sending unit 713, optionally, may further include a receiving unit 711, and optionally, may further include a determining unit 714.
  • the receiving unit 711 is configured to support the communication device 7 to perform the process S305 in FIG. 3B or the processes S305, S307, and S308 in FIG. 3C, or the processes S305, S309, and S310 in FIG. 3D, or the process in FIG. 3E Processes S305, S311, and S312, or processes S401-S403, S406 in FIG. 4A, or processes S501-S503, S506 in FIG. 5, or processes S601, S603-S605, and S608 in FIG. 6.
  • the obtaining unit 712 is configured to support the communication device 7 to execute the processes S301 and S302 in FIG. 3A or the processes S301 and S302 in FIG.
  • the sending unit 713 is configured to support the communication device 7 to perform process S303 in FIG. 3A, or process S303 in FIG. 3B, or process S303 in FIG. 3C, or process S303 in FIG. 3D, or process S303 in FIG. 3E, or The process S408 in FIG. 4A or the process S508 in FIG. 5 or the process S611 in FIG. 6.
  • the determining unit 714 is configured to support the communication device 7 to perform the processes S304 and S306 in FIG. 3B or the processes S306 and S3041 in FIG. 3C or the processes S306 and S3042 in FIG. 3D or the processes S306 and S3043 in FIG. 3E or The processes S404 and S405 in FIG. 4A or the processes S504 and S505 in FIG. 5 or the processes S606 and S607 in FIG. 6. Wherein, all relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device includes:
  • An obtaining unit 712 configured to obtain a target value of application information of a network slice in a specified location area
  • the obtaining unit 712 is further configured to obtain the target value of the network operation information in the specified location area according to the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information and the target value of the application information.
  • the association relationship is used to describe the network slice. Association relationship between application information and network operation information provided that the communication services provided in the designated location area meet the service level agreement SLA;
  • the sending unit 713 is configured to send a network operation information target value to an operation management and maintenance server.
  • the target value of application information includes a target value of application parameters, and the target value of network operation information includes a target value of network parameters; or, the target value of application information includes a target value of application parameters, and the target value of network operation information includes a network key The target value of the performance index KPI; or, the target value of the application information includes the target value of the application traffic, and the target value of the network operation information includes the target value of the network KPI.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit 711, configured to receive an application information target value from an operation management and maintenance server or an application function network element.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit 711,
  • the receiving unit 711 is configured to receive prediction information of a movement track of a terminal device and prediction information of an application parameter from an application function network element, where the prediction information of the application parameter is used to predict a mobile mode and / or a communication mode used by the terminal device;
  • the obtaining unit 712 is configured to obtain a target value of the application information according to the prediction information of the movement track of the terminal device and the prediction information of the application parameter.
  • the communication device further includes a determining unit 714, configured to determine the association relationship according to the application information and network operation information corresponding to the communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in the specified location area.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit 711,
  • a receiving unit 711 configured to receive an application experience of a network slice in a specified location area from an application function network element
  • a determining unit 714 is configured to determine a communication service that meets the SLA according to an application experience.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit 711,
  • a receiving unit 711 is configured to receive, from an application function network element, application parameters corresponding to a communication service that meets an SLA provided by a network slice in a specified location area;
  • the receiving unit 711 is configured to receive, from a network function network element in a network slice, network parameters corresponding to a communication service that meets the SLA provided by the network slice in a specified location area;
  • a determining unit 714 is configured to determine an association relationship according to the application parameter and the network parameter.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit 711,
  • the receiving unit 711 is configured to receive, from an application function network element, an application service volume of a communication service that satisfies an SLA provided by a network slice in a specified location area;
  • a receiving unit 711 configured to receive, from an operation management and maintenance server, a network KPI of a communication service that satisfies an SLA provided by a network slice in a designated location area;
  • a determining unit 714 is configured to determine an association relationship according to an application service volume and a network KPI.
  • the communication device further includes a receiving unit 711,
  • a receiving unit 711 configured to receive, from an application function network element, application parameters of a communication service that meets an SLA provided by a network slice in a specified location area;
  • a receiving unit 711 configured to receive, from an operation management and maintenance server, a network KPI of a communication service that satisfies an SLA provided by a network slice in a designated location area;
  • a determining unit 714 is configured to determine an association relationship according to an application parameter and a network KPI.
  • the designated location area is an overall area where the network slice provides services or a partial area where the network slices provide services.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of a communication device involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication device 8 includes a processing module 822 and a communication module 823.
  • the communication device 8 may further include a storage module 821.
  • the above modules are used to support the communication device to execute the related method of the NWDAF network element in any of the drawings in FIG. 3A-6.
  • the communication device provided in the present application is used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, for its corresponding features and achievable beneficial effects, reference may be made to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods provided above, and is not repeated here. To repeat.
  • the processing module 822 is configured to control and manage the actions of the communication device 8 or execute corresponding processing functions, such as executing the functions of the obtaining unit 712 and the determining unit 714.
  • the communication module 823 is configured to support the communication device 8 to perform the functions of the receiving unit 711 and the sending unit 713 described above.
  • the storage module 821 is configured to store program code and / or data of the communication device.
  • the processing module 822 may be a processor or a controller, for example, it may be a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and an application-specific integrated circuit (application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure.
  • the processor may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination including one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and so on.
  • the communication module 823 may be a network interface, a communication interface, or the like.
  • the storage module 821 may be a memory.
  • the processing module 822 may be the processor 201 in FIG. 2
  • the communication module 823 may be the communication interface 204 in FIG. 2
  • the storage module 821 may be the memory 203 in FIG. 2.
  • one or more programs are stored in the memory, and the one or more programs include instructions that, when executed by the communication device, cause the communication device to execute the related method of the NWDAF network element in any of the drawings in FIGS.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium storing one or more programs, where a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the communication device executes the NWDAF in any of the drawings in FIG. 3A-6 Related methods of network elements.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product containing instructions.
  • the computer program product runs on a communication device, the communication device executes a related method of the NWDAF network element in any of the drawings in FIG. 3A-6.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a chip system.
  • the chip system includes a processor, and is configured to support a communication device to execute a related method of an NWDAF network element in any one of FIGS. 3A-6.
  • the network data analysis function network element obtains the target value of the application information of the network slice in the specified location area; the network data analysis function network element obtains the network slice according to the association relationship between the application information and the network operation information and the application information target value.
  • Target value of network operation information in a specified location area where an association relationship is used to describe an association relationship between application information and network operation information provided that a communication service provided by a network slice in the specified location area meets a service level agreement SLA ;
  • Network data analysis function network element sends network operation information target value to the operation management and maintenance server.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is configured to store necessary program instructions and data.
  • the chip system may include a chip, an integrated circuit, or a chip and other discrete devices, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device, computer storage medium, computer program product, or chip system provided in this application is used to execute the corresponding methods provided above. Therefore, for the beneficial effects that can be achieved, reference may be made to the corresponding corresponding methods provided above. The beneficial effects in the method are not repeated here.
  • the foregoing communication device may be an NWDAF network element, or may be a component (a chip or a circuit, etc.) applicable to the NWDAF network element.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not deal with the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, a computer, a server, or a data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or it may include one or more data storage devices such as servers, data centers, and the like that can be integrated with the medium.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (Solid State Disk, SSD)), or the like.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种通信方法和装置，涉及通信领域。该通信方法，包括：网络数据分析功能网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值；网络数据分析功能网元根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及应用信息目标值，获得网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，其中，关联关系用于描述网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足服务等级协议SLA的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系；网络数据分析功能网元向运行管理和维护服务器发送网络运行信息目标值。

Description

通信方法和装置
本申请要求于2018年9月17日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201811084387.8、发明名称为“通信方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法和装置。
背景技术
在第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信技术中，网络切片(network slice)是满足网络差异化需求的关键技术，是网络功能虚拟化(network functions virtualization，NFV)和软件定义网络(software defined network，SDN)应用于5G通信网络的关键特征。
运营商根据租户订单，按照网络切片模板在通信网络的物理基础设施上为租户创建具备特定网络特性和支持特定业务能力的相对隔离的逻辑网络，称为一个网络切片实例(network slice instance，NSI)。租户能够通过网络切片提供的通信服务向垂直行业或普通用户提供各种差异化的应用服务。订购网络切片的租户通过通信服务管理功能(communication service management function，CSMF)网元向网络切片管理功能(network slice management function，NSMF)网元发送网络切片需求，NSMF网元根据该需求来创建网络切片实例。NSMF网元会将网络切片需求分解成网络切片子网需求，并调用网络切片子网管理功能(network slice subnet management function，NSSMF)网元创建网络切片子网实例。如果网络功能(network function，NF)网元是通过虚拟网络功能(virtualized network function，VNF)网元实现的，NSSMF网元根据网络切片子网需求和网络切片模板确定NFV网元部署的网络服务描述文件(network service descriptor，NSD)参数，并调用管理和编排(management and orchestration，MANO)网元来为VNF网元分配虚拟资源并在虚拟资源上部署VNF网元。
在现有技术中，运营商通过人机交互的方式，设置网络切片和网络切片内的NF网元的性能容量和配置数据，即设置网络运行信息目标值。然后，NSMF和NSSMF创建网络切片，在网络切片内部署NF网元，并根据性能容量为NF网元分配虚拟网络资源并根据配置数据对NF网元进行配置，使得网络切片能够提供租户指定的通信服务，以支持垂直行业或普通用户通过网络切片使用相应的应用服务。
但是，采用人机交互的方式，时延大，无法及时响应应用服务的业务特征或性能需求的动态变化。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法和装置，用于实现网络运行信息目标值的动态调整，及时响应应用服务的业务特征或性能需求的动态变化。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供了一种通信方法，该通信方法包括：网络数据分析功能网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值；网络数据分析功能网元根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及应用信息目标值，获得网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，其中，关联关系用于描述网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足服务等 级协议SLA的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系；网络数据分析功能网元向运行管理和维护服务器发送网络运行信息目标值。该通信方法中，NWDAF网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值，根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系以及应用信息目标值，获得网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，并将该网络运行信息目标值发送给OAM服务器，实现了网络运行信息目标值的动态调整，及时响应应用服务的业务特征或性能需求的动态变化。
在一种可能的实施方式中，应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络参数目标值；或者，应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络关键性能指标KPI目标值；或者，应用信息目标值包括应用业务量目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络KPI目标值。该实施方式提供了应用信息目标值和网络运行信息目标值的几种具体方式。
在一种可能的实施方式中，网络数据分析功能网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值，包括：网络数据分析功能网元从运行管理和维护服务器或应用功能网元接收应用信息目标值。该实施方式提供了网络数据分析功能网元如何获取应用信息目标值的一种具体方式。
在一种可能的实施方式中，网络数据分析功能网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值，包括：网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，其中，应用参数的预测信息用于预测终端设备使用的移动模式和/或通信模式；网络数据分析功能网元根据终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，获得应用信息目标值。该实施方式提供了网络数据分析功能网元如何获取应用信息目标值的另一种具体方式。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信方法还包括：网络数据分析功能网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定关联关系。该实施方式提供了网络数据分析功能网元如何确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信方法还包括：网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用体验；网络数据分析功能网元根据应用体验，确定满足SLA的通信服务。该实施方式提供了网络数据分析功能网元如何确定满足SLA的通信服务。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信方法还包括：网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用参数；网络数据分析功能网元从网络切片内网络功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的网络参数；网络数据分析功能网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定关联关系，包括：网络数据分析功能网元根据应用参数和网络参数，确定关联关系。该实施方式提供了网络数据分析功能网元如何确定关联关系的一种具体方式。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信方法还包括：网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的应用业务量；网络数据分析功能网元从运行管理和维护服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；网络数据分析功能网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定关联关系，包括：网络数据分析功能网元根据应用业务量和网络KPI，确定关联关系。该实施方式提供了网络数据分析功能网元如何确定关 联关系的另一种具体方式。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信方法还包括：网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的应用参数；网络数据分析功能网元从运行管理和维护服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；网络数据分析功能网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定关联关系，包括：网络数据分析功能网元根据应用参数和网络KPI，确定关联关系。该实施方式提供了网络数据分析功能网元如何确定关联关系的又一种具体方式。
在一种可能的实施方式中，指定位置区域是网络切片提供服务的整体区域或者网络切片提供服务的部分位置区域。该实施方式提供了指定位置区域的具体方式。
第二方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：获取单元，用于获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值；获取单元，还用于根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及应用信息目标值，获得网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，其中，关联关系用于描述网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足服务等级协议SLA的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系；发送单元，用于向运行管理和维护服务器发送网络运行信息目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络参数目标值；或者，应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络关键性能指标KPI目标值；或者，应用信息目标值包括应用业务量目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络KPI目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置还包括接收单元，用于从运行管理和维护服务器或应用功能网元接收应用信息目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置还包括接收单元，接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，其中，应用参数的预测信息用于预测终端设备使用的移动模式和/或通信模式；获取单元，用于根据终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，获得应用信息目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置还包括确定单元，用于根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置还包括接收单元，接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用体验；确定单元，用于根据应用体验，确定满足SLA的通信服务。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置还包括接收单元，接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用参数；接收单元，用于从网络切片内网络功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的网络参数；确定单元，用于根据应用参数和网络参数，确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置还包括接收单元，接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的应用业务量；接收单元，用于从运行管理和维护服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；确定单元，用于根据应用业务量和网络KPI，确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置还包括接收单元，接收单元，用于从应用功能网 元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的应用参数；接收单元，用于从运行管理和维护服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；确定单元，用于根据应用参数和网络KPI，确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，指定位置区域是网络切片提供服务的整体区域或者网络切片提供服务的部分位置区域。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，包括如第二方面所述的通信装置。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括：处理器和存储器，存储器用于存储程序，处理器调用存储器存储的程序，以执行上述第一方面和第一方面的各种可能实施方式所述的通信方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时执行上述第一方面和第一方面的各种可能实施方式所述的通信方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行上述第一方面和第一方面的各种可能实施方式所述的通信方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，用于支持通信装置执行上述第一方面和第一方面的各种可能实施方式所述的通信方法。
第二方面至第七方面的各种可能实施方式的技术效果可以参照第一方面及第一方面的各种可能实施方式所述内容。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统架构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图一；
图3A为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图一；
图3B为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图二；
图3C为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图三；
图3D为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图四；
图3E为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图五；
图4A为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图六；
图4B为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图七；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图八；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图九；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图二；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图三。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例依托无线通信网络中5G网络的场景进行说明，应当指出的是，本申请实施例中的方案还可以应用于其他无线通信网络中，相应的名称也可以用其他无线通信网络中的对应功能的名称进行替代。
如图1中所示，提供了一种通信系统架构，本申请提及的通信方法可以应用于该通信系统架构。该通信系统架构包括：网络数据分析功能网元(network data analytics function，NWDAF)网元101、运行管理和维护(operation,administration,and maintenance，OAM)服务器102、应用服务器管理系统103、应用服务器104、网络能力开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元105、应用功能(application function，AF)网元106、策略控制功 能(policy control function，PCF)网元107、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元108、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元109、接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元110。
NWDAF网元101是3GPP SA2定义的5G网络中的网络数据分析功能网元，它可以从各个NF网元(例如，PCF网元107、SMF网元108、UPF网元109)、AMF网元、AF网元(通过NEF网元)以及OAM服务器102收集数据并进行分析和预测。
OAM服务器102可以使运营商管理网元对电信网络进行故障管理、配置管理、性能管理，以及网络功能虚拟化管理等。
应用服务器管理系统103可以用于提供应用服务的行业或第三方对应用服务器进行管理，监控应用服务质量，改变和优化应用服务。
应用服务器104可以通过运营商的通信网络向终端设备提供各类应用服务，例如视频点播服务、车联网服务等等。
NEF网元105可以将网络的部分功能有控制地暴露给应用服务，也可以使网络内的网元从应用服务获得应用提供的数据和控制。
AF网元106可以向运营商的通信网络的控制面网元提供各类应用服务的服务控制和服务数据，或者从通信网络的控制面网元获得网络的数据信息和控制信息。
PCF网元107可以使运营商能够为终端设备的移动和接入管理和会话管理提供控制策略。
SMF网元108可以负责移动网络中的会话管理，如会话的建立、修改、释放，具体功能如为终端设备分配因特网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址、选择提供报文转发功能的UPF网元等。
UPF网元109可以负责对用户报文进行处理，如转发、计费等。
AMF网元110可以负责移动网络中的移动性管理，如终端设备的位置更新、注册网络、切换等。
上述这些网元可以统称为网络设备，下面以一种网络设备为例，对其结构进行说明，本申请实施例并不限定各网元必须具有如下图中所示的单元或器件，可以具有更多或更少的单元或器件。
如图2所示，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置的结构示意图。通信装置200可以包括至少一个处理器201，通信线路202和存储器203。
其中，存储器203用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令(可以称之为应用程序代码)，并由处理器201来控制执行。
处理器201用于执行存储器203中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请下述实施例中各网元或设备的步骤或动作。
处理器201可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路202，用于在上述处理器201与存储器203之间传输信息。
可选地，通信装置200还包括至少一个通信接口204，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信。
其中，通信网络可以是以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，或无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)，等。
例如，通信接口204可以采用有线或无线的通信技术与其他设备或通信网络通信。具体 地，可以为收发器一类的装置，不予限制。
通信线路202，还用于至少一个通信接口204，处理器201以及存储器203之间传输信息。
存储器203可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。
存储器203可以是独立存在，通过通信线路202与处理器相连接。
存储器203也可以和处理器201集成在一起。
下面表1-表2一些典型类型的应用服务的业务特征和性能需求。运营商和租户还可以根据表1-表2签署网络切片服务等级协议(service level agreement，SLA)。运营商在网络切片的运行阶段需要确保网络切片提供的通信服务能够满足签署的SLA。
表1、高数据速率和高流量密度的业务特征和性能需求
Figure PCTCN2019098152-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019098152-appb-000002
注1:对于乘车的用户，终端设备可以直接连接到网络，也可以通过移动的基站连接到网络。
注2:假定某些业务量会混合，只有部分用户有高数据速率业务的需求。
注3:对于交互式音频和视频服务，例如虚拟会议，所需的双向端到端(end to end，E2E)延迟(上行链路和下行链路)为2至4ms，而相应的体验速率需要达到上行链路和下行链路300Mbps，以满足8K 3D视频的体验。
注4:这些值是根据用户总密度得出的。
表2低时延高可靠的业务特征和性能需求
Figure PCTCN2019098152-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019098152-appb-000004
注1：靠近最终用户的流量优先级和托管服务可能有助于达到最低延迟值。
注2：目前通过有线通信线路实现。
注4：通信服务可用性与服务接口有关，可靠性与给定节点有关。可靠性应等于或高于通信服务可用性。
注5：小：有效载荷通常≤256字节。
注6：基于服务量内所有连接的应用程序都需要用户经验数据速率的假设。
注7：假设100％5G渗透率。
注8：最大尺寸的估计；最后一个数字是垂直维度。
注9：在密集的城市地区。
MANO网元为网络切片分配虚拟资源并在虚拟资源上部署VNF网元，MANO网元包括网络功能虚拟化编排器(network functions virtualization orchestrator，NFVO)、虚拟化网络功能管理器(virtualized network function manager，VNFM)和虚拟化基础设施管理器(virtualized infrastructure manager，VIM)。NFVO和VNFM都可以驱动VIM执行自动对VNF网元的虚拟资源进行扩缩容。VNFM监控VNF网元的CPU、内存和存储的使用率等性能指标，如果超过过载门限就触发扩容，如果低于资源回收门限就触发缩容。NFVO可以根据NSSMF发送的网络服务(network service，NS)修改请求，改变虚拟资源的分配。NFVO和VNFM还可以根据配置的规则，监控NF网元和网络的关键性能指标(key performance indicator，KPI)，例如根据某个接口吞吐量的大小等等进行扩缩容。
NFV的扩缩容机制相对业务变化是滞后的，在监控到KPI变化到完成资源调整的过程中，不能保障业务体验和SLA，因此不具备提前根据应用服务的变化进行资源调整来保障应用体验和SLA的能力。另外，由于终端设备移动性，在特定位置的业务变化往往比整个切片的平均变化剧烈，特定位置的网络功能容易出现过载，更需要提前预测并做出资源调整，而现有技术无法满足这个需求。
下面对本申请实施例中涉及的名词进行介绍：
NF网元，包括但不限于AMF网元、SMF网元、UPF网元等。
指定时间段，可以是指定的起止时间内的范围，也可以是从当前开始向前的一段时间，还可以是特定的一个时间点。
指定位置区域，可以是网络切片提供服务的整体区域或者网络切片提供服务的部分位置区域。例如，小区、跟踪区、AMF区域(AMF region)、SMF服务区域(SMF service area)、UPF服务区域(UPF service area)，或者上述对应的地理区域，等等。
应用信息，包括应用参数和应用业务量中的至少一项。
其中，应用参数用于确定用户在使用应用服务(application service)时该用户的终端设备使用的移动模式(mobility pattern)和/或通信模式(communication pattern)。移动模式是终端设备移动行为的历史统计所表现出来的特征，可以由AMF网元或NWDAF网元根据应用参数中终端移动行为特征的参数确定。应用参数中终端移动行为特征的参数可以包括终端设备静止的时间，运动的时间，静止持续时间长度，运动持续时间长度，或移动速度，等等。例如，终端设备在每天8点至9点之间会发生一次位置移动，平均移动距离500米。通信模式是终端设备通信行为的历史统计所表现出来的特征，可以由AF网元或NWDAF网元根据应用参数中终端通信行为特征的参数确定。应用参数中终端通信行为特征的参数可以包括应用层发起通信和结束通信的时间，通信持续时间长度，通信静默持续时间，平均通信流量，突发通信流量，通信报文长度，或单位时间内的通信次数，等等。例如，终端设备平均每隔30秒发起一次应用通信连接，平均发送和接收30个报文，平均数据报文长度200字节。
需要说明的是，上述应用服务可以是网络切片支持的一种或多种应用服务，不予限制。
其中，应用业务量可以用于描述在终端设备和应用服务器之间的应用层业务的连接数量或数据流量，或者，在终端设备之间的应用层业务的通信连接数量或数据流量。例如，应用业务的最大数据流量为10Gbps，终端设备之间的同时存在的应用层业务连接的最大数量为100000个，等等。
应用信息目标值，包括应用参数目标值和应用业务量目标值中的至少一项。
其中，应用参数目标值指网络切片需要支持的终端设备移动模式的期望值和/或终端设备通信模式的期望值。例如，期望网络切片支持的移动终端设备最大移动速度为150km/h，期望网络切片支持的最大突发通信流量为300Mbps/s，期望网络切片支持传递的最大应用数据报文长度为25kByte，等等。
其中，应用业务量目标值指网络切片需要支持的应用服务的性能需求。可以包括网络切片在终端设备和应用服务器之间的应用层业务的通信连接数量的需求或数据流量的需求，或者，在终端设备之间的应用层业务的通信连接数量的需求或数据流量的需求，等等。
应用体验，用于描述网络切片对所支持的应用服务需求的满足程度。例如，应用服务的用户体验指标(customer experience index，CEI)、音视频应用的平均意见得分(mean opinion score，MOS),用户的感知体验(quality of experience，QoE)等。具体可以参见表4。
网络运行信息，包括网络参数和网络KPI中的至少一项。
其中，网络参数指网络切片内NF网元的运行状态参数。例如，缓存功能开关状态、会话连续性模式。需要说明的是，通过改变NF网元的配置可以影响网络参数的取值。其中，网络KPI指运行管理和维护服务器收集的网络切片和/或网络切片内网络功能的关键性能统计结果。具体可以是网络切片整体端到端的网络KPI，也可以是网络切片内NF网元的网络KPI，可以参见表5。例如，网络切片实例上行吞吐量，SMF的最大PDU会话数量，等等。
网络运行信息目标值，包括网络参数目标值和网络KPI目标值中的至少一项。
其中，网络参数目标值指由网络数据分析功能推荐的网络参数的设置值。例如，推荐将缓存功能状态参数设置为打开，推荐将会话连续性模式参数设置为模式2，等等。其中，网络KPI目标值指由网络数据分析功能推荐的网络切片的网络KPI，也可以称之为网络切片内NF网元的网络KPI需要达到的期望值。例如，SMF的最大PDU会话数量为10万，网络切片实例上行吞吐量的最大值为500Mbps，等等。
SLA是运营商与其租户之间通过合同形式约定的网络切片提供通信服务的种类，以及各类通信服务所支持的应用服务的业务特征和性能需求，以保证应用服务的可用性和应用体验。例如，SLA规定运营商通过网络切片向行业用户提供应用数据传送，上报终端设备位置，终端设备寻呼的通信服务；其中应用数据传送要求时延低于20ms，最大流量带宽不小于100Mbps，丢包率不大于1％等等。
终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息，用于预测终端设备的移动轨迹。例如车载导航服务规划的行驶路线。
应用参数的预测信息，用于预测终端设备使用的移动模式和/或通信模式。
应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，用于描述网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足SLA的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。例如，在整个网络切片提供服务的整体区域内或者在网络切片提供服务的部分区域内，在网络切片提供的通信服务满足租户和运营商之间签署的SLA(即能够保证应用服务达到预期的可用性和应用体验)的条件下，应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。
参照图3A中所示，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，如下所述。
S301、NWDAF网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，NWDAF网元可以从OAM服务器或AF网元接收应用信息目标值。具体可以参照步骤S407或S507中的描述。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，NWDAF网元可以从AF网元接收终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，其中，应用参数的预测信息用于预测终端设备使用的移动模式和/或通信模式。NWDAF网元根据终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，获得应用信息目标值，具体可以参照步骤S610中的描述。
S302、NWDAF网元根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及应用信息目标值，获得网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络参数目标值；或者，应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络KPI目标值；或者，应用信息目标值包括应用业务量目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络KPI目标值。
其中，应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系可以由NWDAF网元确定，可以参见步骤S304-S312；也可以从其它网元获取，例如，可以由AF网元采用步骤S304-S312提供的方法确定应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系并发送给NWDAF网元，不予限制。
具体地，S302可以参照步骤S408中的相关描述。
S303、NWDAF网元向OAM服务器发送网络运行信息目标值。
具体地，S303可以参照步骤S408或S611中的相关描述。
本申请实施例提供的通信方法，NWDAF网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值，NWDAF网元根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及应用信息目标值，获得网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，并发送给OAM服务器。该方法实现了网络运行信息目标值的动态调整，及时响应应用服务的业务特征或性能需求的动态变化。
可选的，如图3B中所示，在上述实施例的一种实施场景下，该通信方法还包括步骤S304。
S304、网络数据分析功能网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，NWDAF网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。其中，满足SLA的通信服务可以是在预设时间段(例如，2点到3点)内满足SLA的通信服务，也可以是在预设时间点(例如5分钟前)满足SLA的通信服务。
具体地，步骤S304可以参照步骤S405和S406中的相关描述，不再赘述。
此外，网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务可以由AF网元提供，也可以采用图3B所示的方法，如下：
S305、NWDAF网元从AF网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用体验。
在一种可能的实施方式中，NWDAF网元从AF网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用体验。
具体地，S305可以参照步骤S402中的相关描述。
S306、NWDAF网元根据该应用体验，确定满足SLA的通信服务。
具体地，S306可以参照步骤S404中的相关描述。
需要说明的是，该步骤S305-S306也可以由AF网元执行。此时，网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务可以由AF网元发送给NWDAF网元。
进一步可选的，如图3C中所示，在基于上述实施场景的一种实施方式中，该通信方法还可以包括：
S307、NWDAF网元从AF网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用参数。
S308、NWDAF网元从网络切片内NF网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的网络参数。
相应地，步骤S304可以包括：
S3041、NWDAF网元根据应用参数和网络参数，确定应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。
具体地，S3041可以参照步骤S4051中方式一的相关描述，不再赘述。
进一步可选的，如图3D中所示，在基于上述实施场景的另一种实施方式中，该通信方法还可以包括：
S309、NWDAF网元从AF网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的应用业务量。
S310、NWDAF网元从OAM服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的网络KPI。
相应地，步骤S304可以包括：
S3042、NWDAF网元根据应用业务量和网络KPI，确定应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。
具体地，S3042可以参照步骤S4051中方式三的相关描述。
可选的，如图3E中所示，在基于上述实施场景的又一种实施方式中，该通信方法还可以包括：
S311、NWDAF网元从AF网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的应用参数。
S312、NWDAF网元从OAM服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信 服务的网络KPI。
相应地，步骤S304可以包括：
S3043、NWDAF网元根据应用参数和网络KPI，确定应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。
具体地，S3043可以参照步骤S4051中方式二的相关描述。
如图4A中所示，本申请实施例提供了另一种通信方法。该方法可以应用在应用服务的需求调整后，OAM服务器向NWDAF网元请求推荐的网络运行信息目标值，并由OAM服务器根据网络运行信息目标值对网络切片进行资源调整或配置调整的场景中。该通信方法如下所述。
S401、NWDAF网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务对应的网络参数。
具体地，NWDAF网元可以从5G核心网(5G core，5GC)内各个NF网元，例如，AMF网元、SMF网元、UPF网元等，接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务对应的网络参数。例如，NWDAF网元可以向NF网元请求在指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务对应的网络参数，并接收NF网元发送的在该指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务对应的网络参数。再例如，NF网元可以实时或周期性地将其在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务对应的网络参数发送给NWDAF网元，不予限制。
其中，网络参数可以包括但不限于表3所示类别和样例。
表3
Figure PCTCN2019098152-appb-000005
S402、NWDAF网元从AF网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息和应用体验。
具体地，在S402中NWDAF网元可以向AF网元请求上述指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息和应用体验，并接收网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息和 应用体验。例如，在S402中NWDAF网元可以向AF网元请求在上述指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息和应用体验，并接收上述指定时间段网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息和应用体验。再例如，NF网元可以实时或周期性地将其在指定位置区域内的应用信息和应用体验发送给NWDAF网元，不予限制。
其中，应用信息可以包括应用参数和应用业务量中的至少一项。示例性的，表4示出了应用信息和应用体验的类别和样例。
表4
Figure PCTCN2019098152-appb-000006
S403、NWDAF网元从OAM服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络KPI。
其中，网络KPI可以是网络切片整体端到端的网络KPI，也可以是网络切片内NF网元的网络KPI，可以包括但不限于表5中所示类别和样例。
表5
Figure PCTCN2019098152-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2019098152-appb-000008
示例性地，NWDAF网元可以向OAM服务器在上述指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络KPI，并接收OAM服务器发送的在该指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络KPI。再例如，OAM服务器可以实时或周期性地将其在指定位置区域内的网络KPI发送给NWDAF网元，不予限制。
需要说明的是，步骤S401和S403是可选的。示例1，当步骤S405中应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系为应用信息与网络参数之间的关联关系时，可以不执行步骤S403。进一步地，当应用信息与网络参数之间的关联关系为应用参数与网络参数之间的关联关系时，步骤S402中的应用信息可以仅包括应用参数；当应用信息与网络参数之间的关联关系为应用业务量与网络参数之间的关联关系时，步骤S402中的应用信息可以仅包括应用业务量，不予限制。
示例2，当步骤S405中应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系为应用信息与网络KPI之间的关联关系时，可以不执行步骤S401。此外，步骤S402中的应用信息可以参见示例1中的相关描述，不再赘述。
S404、NWDAF网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息和应用体验，确定满足SLA的通信服务。
需要说明的是，NWDAF网元获得的上述应用信息、应用体验、网络KPI或网络参数可以是一系列的采样值。步骤S401至S403中获得的采样值是指定时间段内的采样值，也可以是不限定时间段的采样值，具体可以参见步骤S401至S403中的相关描述。例如，假设该获得的采样值是指定时间段内的采样值，那么步骤S404-S405中涉及的应用信息、网络运行信息和应用体验等均可以该指定时间段内的采样值。再例如，假设该获得的采样值是不限定时间段的采样值，那么步骤S404-S405中涉及的应用信息、网络运行信息和应用体验等均可以该指定时间段内的采样值可以是由NWDAF网元在获得的采样值中找出指定时间段内的采样值， 也可以是多个时间段内采样值的平均值，不予限制。
示例性地，NWDAF网元分析上述应用信息、应用体验、网络KPI和网络参数的采样值的采样时间点，按照采样时间点将相同或相近时间(比如切片时间差小于5秒)的应用信息采样值、应用体验采样值、网络KPI采样值和网络参数采样值关联起来，并根据网络参数中的通信服务相关的标识(即表3中的相关标识)将上述这些采样值和通信服务关联起来。
若一个通信服务只服务于一个应用服务，则NWDAF网元可以通过判断该应用服务的应用体验是否满足SLA来判断该通信服务是否满足SLA。例如，若应用服务的应用体验的采样值是CEI＝5分，SLA中要求CEI>＝3分，则该通信服务在该采样时间点满足SLA。再例如，若SLA中要求CEI>＝3分的概率不低于95％，且通信服务在100个采样中应用体验的采样值有95个或以上满足CEI>＝3分，则该通信服务在100个采样所覆盖的时间段内满足SLA。
若一个通信服务服务于多个(大于或等于2个)应用服务，则NWDAF网元可以通过判断该多个应用服务的应用体验是否同时满足SLA来判断该通信服务是否满足SLA。其中，SLA中可以包括多个应用服务的应用体验分别需要满足的要求或多个应用服务的应用体验进行运算后需要满足的要求。例如，一个通信服务同时服务于视频应用和音频应用，SLA中要求视频应用用户评分不低于3分，音频应用用户评分不低于4分，则NWDAF网元判断上述两个应用体验的采样值是否都满足SLA，如果都满足则该通信服务在该采样时间点满足SLA。如果SLA中要求视频应用和音频应用的用户评分平均不低于3.5分，则NWDAF网元按照SLA中的要求对上述两个应用体验的采样值进行平均计算，然后判断计算结果是否满足SLA，如果满足则该通信服务在该采样时间点满足SLA。类似的，NWDAF网元还可以判断通信服务在若干采样所覆盖的时间段内是否满足SLA。
通过步骤S404,NWDAF可以获知网络切片在指定位置区域内满足SLA的所有通信服务。
S405、NWDAF网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。
可选的，如图4B中所示，步骤S405包括步骤S4051和S4052：
S4051、NWDAF网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息采样值和网络运行信息采样值，将应用信息的采样值和网络运行信息的采样值关联起来。
如前文所述，应用信息可以包括应用参数，网络运行信息可以包括网络参数，即执行步骤S401和S402而不必执行S403。此时，步骤S4051可以采用方式一来实现。
方式一、NWDAF网元根据应用参数和网络参数，将应用信息的采样值和网络运行信息的采样值关联起来。
示例性地，假设NWDAF网元获取的应用参数和网络参数在指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的各个通信服务所对应的采样值，NWDAF网元可以按照这些数据的采样时间点以及它们对应的通信服务，将应用参数的采样值和网络参数的采样值关联起来。对于一个采样时间点，可以采用数值向量来表示关联后的采样值，例如，{应用参数的采样值，网络参数的采样值}；对于指定时间段，可以针对每个采用时间点，采用数值向量来表示关联后的采样值，即得到一系列{应用参数的采样值，网络参数的采样值}数值向量。
如前文所述，应用信息可以包括应用参数，网络运行信息可以包括网络KPI，即执行步骤S402和S403而不必执行S401。此时，步骤S4051可以采用方式二来实现。
方式二、NWDAF网元根据应用参数和网络KPI，将应用信息的采样值和网络运行信息的采 样值关联起来。
与方式一类似的，示例性地，假设NWDAF网元获取的应用参数和网络KPI都是与在指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的各个通信服务所对应的采样值，NWDAF网元可以按照这些数据的采样时间点以及它们对应的通信服务，将应用参数的采样值和网络KPI的采样值关联起来，从而得到在指定时间段内一系列{应用参数的采样值，网络KPI的采样值}数值向量。
如前文所述，应用信息可以包括应用业务量，网络运行信息可以包括网络KPI，即执行步骤S402和S403而不必执行S401。此时，步骤S4051可以采用方式三来实现。
方式三、NWDAF网元根据应用业务量和网络KPI，将应用信息的采样值和网络运行信息的采样值关联起来。
与方式一类似的，示例性地，假设NWDAF网元获取的应用业务量和网络KPI都是与在指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的各个通信服务所对应的采样值，NWDAF网元可以按照这些数据的采样时间点以及它们对应的通信服务，将应用业务量的采样值和网络KPI的采样值关联起来，得到在指定时间段内一系列{应用业务量的采样值，网络KPI的采样值}数值向量。
如前文所述，应用信息可以包括应用参数和应用业务量，网络运行信息可以包括网络KPI，即执行步骤S402和S403而不必执行S401。此时，步骤S4051可以采用方式四来实现。
方式四、NWDAF网元根据应用参数、应用业务量和网络KPI，将应用参数的采样值、应用业务量的采样值和网络运行信息的采样值三者关联起来。
与方式一类似的，示例性地，假设NWDAF网元获取的应用参数、应用业务量和网络KPI都是与在指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的各个通信服务所对应的采样值，NWDAF网元可以按照这些数据的采样时间点以及它们对应的通信服务，将应用参数的采样值、应用业务量的采样值和网络KPI的采样值关联起来，从而得到在指定时间段内一系列{[应用参数的采样值，应用业务量的采样值]，网络KPI的采样值}数值向量。
通过上述各种方式，示例性地，NWDAF网元将在指定时间段内网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息的采样值和网络运行信息的采样值进行了关联，得到了一系列{应用信息的采样值，网络运行信息的采样值}数值向量。
S4052、NWDAF网元采用关联的应用信息的采样值和网络运行信息的采样值，对回归模型进行训练，得到应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。
其中，回归算法是一种有监督学习算法，用来建立自变量和应变量之间的映射关系。回归算法的目的是寻找假设函数hypothesis来最好的拟合给定的数据集。常用的回归算法包括：线性回归(linear regression)、逻辑回归(logistic regression)、多项式回归(polynomial regression)等，本申请不限定所采用的回归算法。
以线性回归为例，线性回归算法是以相关性原理为基础的，相关性原理是预测学中的基本原理之一。其中，多元线性回归模型可以找出可能影响应变量的特征(即自变量)，建立自变量与应变量间的关系，对未来做出预测。
示例性的，NWDAF网元使用步骤S4051中方式一得到的多个{应用参数的采样值，网络参数的采样值}数值向量，对线性回归模型进行训练。训练完成后，该回归模型就可以用于描述应用参数的自变量和用于描述网络参数的应变量之间的关联关系。当向该回归模型输入自变量(例如，应用参数的某个值)，该回归模型即可输出应变量(例如，根据上述关联关系确定 的网络参数的某个值)。类似的，NWDAF网元也可以使用步骤S4051中方式二至方式四中任一方式得到的数值向量，对线性回归模型进行训练。当向该回归模型输入自变量(例如，应用信息目标值)时，该回归模型即可输出对应的应变量(例如，网络运行信息目标值)。
综上所述，NWDAF网元使用步骤S4051中方式一至方式四中任一方式得到的数值向量对回归模型进行训练，训练后的回归模型可以用于描述网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足SLA的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。
S406、应用服务器管理系统通过运营商的OAM服务器向NWDAF网元发送应用信息目标值。
其中，应用信息目标值用于描述应用服务的变化需求。应用信息目标值可以携带在分析信息请求消息中。OAM服务器通过此消息请求NWDAF根据应用服务变化需求提供能够满足SLA的网络运行信息目标值。
其中，应用信息目标值可以是应用业务参数目标值，或者应用业务量目标值，或者应用参数目标值和应用业务量目标值。期望得到的网络运行信息目标值可以包括网络参数目标值或网络KPI目标值。
示例性的，应用业务量目标值可以指示增加或减少应用业务量，例如，增加或减少某个网络切片的应用通信连接的数量，或者增加或减少某个位置区域的应用业务流量，或者对某个网络切片的应用的业务量在不同位置区域的分布进行调整，即给出网络切片在各个位置区域的期望的应用业务量。应用参数目标值可以指示期望改变的部分应用特征，例如，改变终端设备的移动速度需求，或者改变应用服务的可靠性要求。
S407、NWDAF网元根据应用信息目标值以及应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，得到满足SLA的网络运行信息目标值。
示例性的，如果NWDAF网元使用步骤S4051中方式一得到的应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系对回归模型进行训练，并且NWDAF网元在步骤S407得到的应用信息目标值为应用参数目标值，则NWDAF网元将应用参数目标值作为自变量输入该回归模型，可以得到对应的应变量网络参数目标值，并将网络参数目标值作为网络运行信息目标值。
示例性的，如果NWDAF网元使用步骤S4051中方式二得到的应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系对回归模型进行训练，并且NWDAF网元在步骤S407得到的应用信息目标值为应用参数目标值，则NWDAF网元将应用参数目标值作为自变量输入该回归模型，可以得到对应的应变量网络KPI目标值，并将网络KPI目标值作为网络运行信息目标值。
示例性的，如果NWDAF网元使用步骤S4051中方式三得到的应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系对回归模型进行训练，并且NWDAF网元在步骤S407得到的应用信息目标值为应用业务量目标值，则NWDAF网元将应用业务量目标值作为自变量输入该回归模型，可以得到对应的应变量网络KPI目标值，并将网络KPI目标值作为网络运行信息目标值。
示例性的，如果NWDAF网元使用步骤S4051中方式四得到的应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系对回归模型进行训练，并且NWDAF网元在步骤S407得到的应用信息目标值为应用参数目标值和应用业务量目标值，则NWDAF网元将应用参数目标值和应用业务量目标值分别作为两个自变量输入该回归模型，可以得到对应的应变量网络KPI目标值，并将网络KPI目标值作为网络运行信息目标值。
S408、NWDAF网元向OAM服务器发送满足SLA的网络运行信息目标值。
相应地，OAM服务器从NWDAF网元接收满足SLA的网络运行信息目标值，其中，网络运行信息目标值可以包括网络参数目标值或网络KPI目标值。网络运行信息目标值可以携带在 分析信息响应消息中。
S409、OAM服务器根据网络运行信息目标值，对网络切片进行调整。
在步骤S409中，OAM服务器可以根据网络参数目标值对网络切片内NF网元进行配置。例如，如果网络参数目标值指示UPF缓存功能的状态参数推荐为打开状态，则OAM服务器修改UPF网元的配置，打开缓存功能。
在步骤S409中，OAM服务器可以根据网络KPI目标值对网络切片内VNF网元的虚拟资源进行调整。例如，如果网络KPI目标值指示某个NF网元需要满足的KPI，OAM服务器根据该网络KPI目标值确定VNF网元的容量需求，然后OAM服务器可以向部署VNF网元的MANO网元发送VNF网元容量需求参数，以使得MANO网元按照容量需求参数对VNF网元的虚拟资源进行调整。其中，资源调整，可以是减少或增加VNF网元的虚拟资源，不予限制。再例如，如果OAM服务器接收到某个网络切片的网络KPI目标值，OAM服务器向MANO网元发送网络KPI目标值，MANO网元可以按照预先配置的虚拟资源的扩缩容策略和该网络KPI目标值，对该网络切片内VNF网元的虚拟资源进行调整。
需要说明的是，上述扩缩容策略可以是运营商为各个VNF网元事先配置的规则。该规则可以包括：用于指示哪些网络KPI会触发哪些VNF网元进行虚拟资源扩缩容的规则。该规则还可以包括：某个网络KPI数值的不同范围对应网络服务描述文件(network service descriptor，NSD)或虚拟网络功能描述符(virtualized network function descriptor，VNFD)的不同部署喜好(deployment flavor，DF)；或者，某个位置区域的NF网元的不同网络KPI数值对应VNFD的不同DF；或者，某个位置区域的NF网元的功能特征参数或NF网元的业务容量参数对应VNFD的不同DF，等等。
本申请实施例提供的通信方法，NWDAF根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务对应的网络参数以及其它相关信息，得到应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。NWDAF网元从应用服务器管理系统获取应用信息目标值，根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系以及应用信息目标值得到网络运行信息目标值，并向OAM服务器发送网络运行信息目标值，使得OAM服务器可以根据网络运行信息目标值对网络切片进行动态调整，以使得网络切片能够及时响应应用服务的业务特征或性能需求的动态变化。
如图5所示，本申请实施例提供了另一种通信方法，可以应用在AF网元向NWDAF网元发送应用信息目标值的场景。该通信方法可以包括步骤S501-S509。其中，步骤S501-S505与步骤S401-S405相同，步骤S507-S509与步骤S407-S409相同，在此不再重复。
S506、应用服务器通过AF网元向NWDAF网元发送应用信息目标值。
可选的，应用服务器通过AF网元和NEF网元向NWDAF网元发送应用信息目标值。
相应地，NWDAF网元从AF网元从应用服务器接收应用信息目标值。
关于应用信息目标值的描述参照步骤S406，在此不再重复。
本申请实施例提供的通信方法，NWDAF网元根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务对应的网络参数以及其它相关信息，得到应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系；NWDAF网元从AF网元获取应用信息目标值，根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系以及应用信息目标值得到网络运行信息目标值，并向OAM服务器发送网络运行信息目标值，以使得OAM服务器根据网络运行信息目标值对网络切片进行动态调整，以使得网络切片能够及时响应应用服务的业务特征或性能需求的动态变化。
如图6所示，本申请实施例提供了另一种通信方法。该方法可以应用在OAM服务器向NWDAF 网元订阅网络运行信息目标值的场景，其中网络运行信息目标值是NWDAF网元根据从AF网元接收到的终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息生成的。该通信方法可以包括S601-S612。
S601、OAM服务器向NWDAF网元发送订阅请求消息。
其中，订阅请求消息可以用于向NWDAF网元请求订阅网络性能模式(NW performance pattern)的预测结果。
示例性的，网络性能模式是指定位置区域的网络负载信息(load in a network area)。其中，负载信息可以通过网络KPI或NF网元KPI来描述，例如，OAM服务器订阅的NWDAF网元对网络性能模式的预测结果可以使用各个位置区域的网络PKI目标值来描述。
可选的，在订阅请求消息中还可以包括：提前预测的时长、每次执行预测的时间间隔、事件通知方式(例如可以为周期通知或者条件触发通知)。
如果事件通知方式是周期通知，那么在NWDAF网元每次生成网络性能模式的预测结果后，会向OAM服务器发送通知消息。通知消息中包括NWDAF网元对网络性能模式的预测结果。
如果事件通知方式是条件触发通知，那么OAM服务器会在订阅请求消息中指定预设触发条件。当满足预设触发条件时，NWDAF网元会向OAM服务器发送通知消息。通知消息中包括NWDAF网元对网络性能模式的预测结果。
示例性的，条件触发通知的条件可以是负载变化范围的本次预测值相对于指定数值的变化大于预设阈值(例如预测值大于或小于指定数值的百分比超过30％)，也可以是负载变化范围的本次预测值相对当前实测数据或上一次预测值的变化率超过预设阈值(例如30％)，等等。
S602、NWDAF网元向OAM服务器发送订阅响应消息。
步骤S603-S607与步骤S401-S405相同，在此不再重复。需要说明的是，在步骤S607中NWDAF网元可以对回归模型进行训练，关于回归模型的描述参照步骤S405，在此不再重复。
S608、AF网元通过NEF网元向NWDAF网元发送终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息。
相应地，NWDAF网元从AF网元接收终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息。
关于终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息见前面描述，在此不再重复。
S609、NWDAF网元根据终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，获得应用信息目标值。
NWDAF网元可以根据应用参数的预测信息中的终端设备移动行为特征的参数，预测终端设备使用的移动模式。NWDAF网元可以根据应用参数的预测信息中的终端设备通信行为特征的参数，预测终端设备使用的通信模式。上述应用参数的预测信息可以针对一个终端设备或者一组终端设备，相应地，NWDAF网元可以预测一个终端设备使用的移动模式或通信模式，也可以预测一组终端设备使用的移动模式或通信模式。
进一步地，NWDAF网元可以根据终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和预测的终端设备使用的移动模式，估算出移动终端到达指定位置区域的时间，通过对一组终端设备进行上述估算，NWDAF网元可以进一步预测出在某个时间点指定位置区域内终端设备的数量。NWDAF网元可以根据预测的在某个时间点指定位置区域内终端设备的数量以及预测的终端设备使用的通信模式，得到在上述时间点指定位置区域内的应用业务量的预测值，并将该应用业务量的预测值作为应用信息目标值。
S610、NWDAF网元根据应用信息目标值以及应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系， 得到满足SLA的网络运行信息目标值。
步骤S610与步骤S407相同，在此不再重复。
S611、NWDAF网元向OAM服务器发送网络性能模式的预测结果。
网络性能模式的预测结果包括满足SLA的网络运行信息目标值。
如果OAM服务器在步骤S601订阅的事件通知方式是周期通知，NWDAF网元在生成网络性能模式的预测结果后，通过事件订阅通知消息发送给OAM服务器。如果OAM服务器订阅的事件通知方式是条件通知，NWDAF网元将本次生成的网络性能模式的预测结果与订阅请求消息中预设触发条件中指定的数值进行比对，或者将本次生成的网络性能模式的预测结果与上一次生成的网络性能模式的预测结果进行比对，或者将本次生成的网络性能模式的预测结果与步骤S605接收的网络KPI进行比对，如果超过预设阈值，就通过事件订阅通知消息发送给OAM服务器，否则只缓存本次生成的网络性能模式的预测结果而不发送事件订阅通知消息。
S612、OAM服务器根据网络运行信息目标值，对网络切片进行调整。
该步骤与S409相同，在此不再重复。
本申请实施例提供的通信方法，NWDAF网元训练回归模型，得到应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系。NWDAF网元从AF网元获得终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，并根据终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，获得应用信息目标值。根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系以及应用信息目标值得到网络运行信息目标值，并向OAM服务器发送网络运行信息目标值，使得OAM服务器能够根据终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息对网络进行调整，更能适应应用服务的预期变化。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，可以用于执行上述方法中NWDAF网元的功能。本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对通信装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
在采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块的情况下，图7示出了上述实施例中所涉及的通信装置的一种可能的结构示意图，通信装置7可以包括：接收单元711、获取单元712、发送单元713、确定单元714。上述各单元用于支持通信装置执行图3A-6中任一附图中NWDAF网元的相关方法。
本申请提供的通信装置用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其相应的特征和所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，上述单元是可选的。示例性的，通信装置7可以包括获取单元712、发送单元713，可选的，还可以包括接收单元711，可选的，还可以包括确定单元714。
示例性的，接收单元711用于支持通信装置7执行图3B中的过程S305，或图3C中的过程S305、S307、S308，或图3D中的过程S305、S309、S310，或图3E中的过程S305、S311、S312，或图4A中的过程S401-S403、S406，或图5中的过程S501-S503、S506，或图6中的过程S601、S603-S605、S608。获取单元712用于支持通信装置7执行图3A中的过程S301、S302，或图3B中的过程S301、S302，图3C中的过程S301、S302，或图3D中的过程S301、S302，图3E中的过程S301、S302，或图4A中的过程S407，或图4B中的过程S4051、S4052，或图5中的过程S507，或图6中的过程S609、S610。发送单元713用于支持通信装置7执行 图3A中的过程S303，或图3B中的过程S303，或图3C中的过程S303，或图3D中的过程S303，或图3E中的过程S303，或图4A中的过程S408，或图5中的过程S508，或图6中的过程S611。确定单元714用于支持通信装置7执行图3B中的过程S304、S306，或图3C中的过程S306、S3041，或图3D中的过程S306、S3042，或图3E中的过程S306、S3043，或图4A中的过程S404、S405，或图5中的过程S504、S505，或图6中的过程S606、S607。其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
在一种可能的实施方式中，该通信装置包括：
获取单元712，用于获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值；
获取单元712，还用于根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及应用信息目标值，获得网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，其中，关联关系用于描述网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足服务等级协议SLA的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系；
发送单元713，用于向运行管理和维护服务器发送网络运行信息目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络参数目标值；或者，应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络关键性能指标KPI目标值；或者，应用信息目标值包括应用业务量目标值，网络运行信息目标值包括网络KPI目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，通信装置还包括接收单元711，用于从运行管理和维护服务器或应用功能网元接收应用信息目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，通信装置还包括接收单元711，
接收单元711，用于从应用功能网元接收终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，其中，应用参数的预测信息用于预测终端设备使用的移动模式和/或通信模式；
获取单元712，用于根据终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，获得应用信息目标值。
在一种可能的实施方式中，通信装置还包括确定单元714，用于根据网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，通信装置还包括接收单元711，
接收单元711，用于从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用体验；
确定单元714，用于根据应用体验，确定满足SLA的通信服务。
在一种可能的实施方式中，通信装置还包括接收单元711，
接收单元711，用于从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的应用参数；
接收单元711，用于从网络切片内网络功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务对应的网络参数；
确定单元714，用于根据应用参数和网络参数，确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，通信装置还包括接收单元711，
接收单元711，用于从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的应用业务量；
接收单元711，用于从运行管理和维护服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；
确定单元714，用于根据应用业务量和网络KPI，确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，通信装置还包括接收单元711，
接收单元711，用于从应用功能网元接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的应用参数；
接收单元711，用于从运行管理和维护服务器接收网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的满足SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；
确定单元714，用于根据应用参数和网络KPI，确定关联关系。
在一种可能的实施方式中，指定位置区域是网络切片提供服务的整体区域或者网络切片提供服务的部分位置区域。
图8示出了上述实施例中所涉及的通信装置的又一种可能的结构示意图。通信装置8包括：处理模块822、通信模块823。可选的，通信装置8还可以包括存储模块821。上述各模块用于支持通信装置执行图3A-6中任一附图中NWDAF网元的相关方法。
本申请提供的通信装置用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其相应的特征和所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
一种可能的方式，处理模块822用于对通信装置8的动作进行控制管理或者执行相应的处理功能，例如执行获取单元712、确定单元714的功能。通信模块823用于支持通信装置8执行上述接收单元711、发送单元713的功能。存储模块821用于存储通信装置的程序代码和/或数据。
其中，处理模块822可以是处理器或控制器，例如可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，通用处理器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框，模块和电路。所述处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。通信模块823可以是网络接口或通信接口等。存储模块821可以是存储器。
一种可能的方式，处理模块822可以为图2中的处理器201，通信模块823可以为图2中的通信接口204，存储模块821可以为图2中的存储器203。其中，一个或多个程序被存储在存储器中，一个或多个程序包括指令，指令当被通信装置执行时使通信装置执行图3A-6中任一附图中NWDAF网元的相关方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种存储一个或多个程序的计算机存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时，使通信装置执行图3A-6中任一附图中NWDAF网元的相关方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行图3A-6中任一附图中NWDAF网元的相关方法。
本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于支持通信装置执行图3A-6中任一附图中NWDAF网元的相关方法。例如，网络数据分析功能网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值；网络数据分析功能网元根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及应用信息目标值，获得网络切片在指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，其中，关联关系用于描述网络切片在指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足服务等级协议SLA 的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系；网络数据分析功能网元向运行管理和维护服务器发送网络运行信息目标值。在一种可能的实施方式中，该芯片系统还包括存储器，该存储器，用于保存必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以包括芯片，集成电路，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
其中，本申请提供的通信装置、计算机存储介质、计算机程序产品或者芯片系统均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
可以理解的是，上述通信装置，可以是NWDAF网元，也可以是可用于NWDAF网元的部件(芯片或者电路等)。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、设备和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的设备实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，设备或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件程序实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式来实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或者数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可以用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设 备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)，光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(Solid State Disk，SSD))等。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络数据分析功能网元获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及所述应用信息目标值，获得所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，其中，所述关联关系用于描述所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足服务等级协议SLA的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元向运行管理和维护服务器发送所述网络运行信息目标值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，所述网络运行信息目标值包括网络参数目标值；或者，
    所述应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，所述网络运行信息目标值包括网络关键性能指标KPI目标值；或者，
    所述应用信息目标值包括应用业务量目标值，所述网络运行信息目标值包括网络KPI目标值。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述网络数据分析功能网元获取所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值，包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从所述运行管理和维护服务器或应用功能网元接收所述应用信息目标值。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述网络数据分析功能网元获取所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值，包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，其中，所述应用参数的预测信息用于预测终端设备使用的移动模式和/或通信模式；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和所述应用参数的预测信息，获得所述应用信息目标值。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定所述关联关系。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内的应用体验；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述应用体验，确定所述满足所述SLA的通信服务。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的应用参数；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从所述网络切片内网络功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的网络参数；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定所述关联关系，包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述应用参数和所述网络参数，确定所述关联关系。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务的应用业务量；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从所述运行管理和维护服务器接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定所述关联关系，包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述应用业务量和所述网络KPI，确定所述关联关系。
  9. 根据权利要求5或6所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述通信方法还包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从应用功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务的应用参数；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元从所述运行管理和维护服务器接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定所述关联关系，包括：
    所述网络数据分析功能网元根据所述应用参数和所述网络KPI，确定所述关联关系。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述指定位置区域是所述网络切片提供服务的整体区域或者所述网络切片提供服务的部分位置区域。
  11. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    获取单元，用于获取网络切片在指定位置区域内的应用信息目标值；
    所述获取单元，还用于根据应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系，以及所述应用信息目标值，获得所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内的网络运行信息目标值，其中，所述关联关系用于描述所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的通信服务在满足服务等级协议SLA的情况下应用信息和网络运行信息之间的关联关系；
    发送单元，用于向运行管理和维护服务器发送所述网络运行信息目标值。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，所述网络运行信息目标值包括网络参数目标值；或者，
    所述应用信息目标值包括应用参数目标值，所述网络运行信息目标值包括网络关键性能指标KPI目标值；或者，
    所述应用信息目标值包括应用业务量目标值，所述网络运行信息目标值包括网络KPI目标值。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括接收单元，用于从所述运行管理和维护服务器或应用功能网元接收所述应用信息目标值。
  14. 根据权利要求11或12所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括接收单元，
    所述接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和应用参数的预测信息，其中，所述应用参数的预测信息用于预测终端设备使用的移动模式和/或通信模式；
    所述获取单元，用于根据所述终端设备移动轨迹的预测信息和所述应用参数的预测 信息，获得所述应用信息目标值。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括确定单元，用于根据所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的应用信息和网络运行信息，确定所述关联关系。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括接收单元，
    所述接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内的应用体验；
    所述确定单元，用于根据所述应用体验，确定所述满足所述SLA的通信服务。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括接收单元，
    所述接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的应用参数；
    所述接收单元，用于从所述网络切片内网络功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务对应的网络参数；
    所述确定单元，用于根据所述应用参数和所述网络参数，确定所述关联关系。
  18. 根据权利要求15或16所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括接收单元，
    所述接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务的应用业务量；
    所述接收单元，用于从所述运行管理和维护服务器接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；
    所述确定单元，用于根据所述应用业务量和所述网络KPI，确定所述关联关系。
  19. 根据权利要求15或16所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置还包括接收单元，
    所述接收单元，用于从应用功能网元接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务的应用参数；
    所述接收单元，用于从所述运行管理和维护服务器接收所述网络切片在所述指定位置区域内提供的所述满足所述SLA的通信服务的网络KPI；
    所述确定单元，用于根据所述应用参数和所述网络KPI，确定所述关联关系。
  20. 根据权利要求11-19任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述指定位置区域是所述网络切片提供服务的整体区域或者所述网络切片提供服务的部分位置区域。
  21. 一种存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-10任一项所述的通信方法。
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