WO2020056961A1

WO2020056961A1 - Circuit board, speaker, electronic device, and polarization compensating method

Info

Publication number: WO2020056961A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/122703
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘迎新
Original assignee: 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority date: 2018-09-21
Filing date: 2018-12-21
Publication date: 2020-03-26
Also published as: CN108882129B; CN108882129A

Abstract

Disclosed are a circuit board for use in a speaker, the speaker, an electronic device, and a polarization compensating method. The speaker comprises a voice coil fixed relative to the circuit board. The circuit board comprises a circuit board body and a wiring area provided on the circuit board body. The wiring area comprises at least two polarization compensating areas corresponding to the voice coil. Each polarization compensating area comprises one vibration detecting line and one vibration compensating line. Each of the vibration detecting lines outputs a detection current to an external processor electrically connected to the circuit board when vibrating with the voice coil, thus allowing the external processor to obtain polarization information on the basis of the detection currents of all of the vibration detection lines and to input a compensating current to each vibration compensating line on the basis of the polarization information. The present invention avoids a polarization phenomenon of a vibrating system and increases the acoustic performance of the speaker.

Description

Circuit board, speaker, electronic equipment and polarization compensation method

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electro-acoustic conversion. More specifically, it relates to a circuit board, a speaker, an electronic device, and a polarization compensation method.

Background technique

A speaker is a basic sounding unit that converts electrical signals into acoustic signals. With the development of the mobile communication equipment industry, the miniature speaker industry has developed rapidly, and the requirements for the performance of miniature speakers have become higher and higher.

The speaker is provided with a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system. The vibration system includes a voice coil and a diaphragm. After a current is passed through the voice coil, the voice coil is forced to vibrate under the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit system, and the voice coil vibration drives the vibration. The membrane vibrates and sounds. However, the diaphragm is susceptible to the polarization of the airflow in the micro-speaker during the vibration process. Especially under the trend of thinning and thinning of electronic devices such as mobile phones, the side speaker is more and more widely used. The outlet of the side speaker is located on one side of the speaker. When the diaphragm vibrates, the front of the diaphragm is The asymmetrical airflow results in polarization of the speakers, which in turn reduces the speaker's sound quality and the customer experience is poor.

Summary of the Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a circuit board for a speaker to prevent the polarization phenomenon of the vibration system and improve the acoustic performance of the speaker. Another object of the present invention is to provide a speaker. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, and another object of the present invention is to provide a method for speaker polarization compensation.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

One aspect of the present invention discloses a circuit board for a speaker, the speaker includes a voice coil relatively fixed to the circuit board, and the circuit board includes a circuit board body and a routing area provided on the circuit board body;

The routing area includes at least two polarization compensation areas corresponding to the voice coil, and each polarization compensation area includes a vibration detection line and a vibration compensation line;

Each vibration detection line outputs a detection current to an external processor electrically connected to the circuit board when following the vibration of the voice coil, so that the external processor obtains polarization information according to the detection current of all vibration detection lines, and according to the polarization information Enter the compensation current into each vibration compensation line.

Preferably, the voice coil includes two opposite first sides and two opposite second sides;

The routing area includes two polarization compensation areas respectively corresponding to two of the first side or two of the second side; or

The routing area includes two polarization compensation areas respectively corresponding to one of the first side and one of the second side; or

The routing area includes four polarization compensation areas respectively corresponding to two of the first sides and two of the second sides.

Preferably, the speaker includes a side exit, the voice coil includes a first side close to the side exit, and the routing area includes a first side and a first side respectively disposed on the first side and the first side. Two polarization compensation areas on opposite sides.

Preferably, the circuit board includes a first surface close to the voice coil and a second surface facing away from the voice coil;

The polarization compensation area is disposed on a first surface or a second surface of the circuit board.

At least two of the polarization compensation regions include a first compensation region provided on a first surface and a second compensation region provided on a second surface.

Preferably, a plurality of electrical connection terminals electrically connected to the external processor are provided on an outer end portion of the circuit board remote from the speaker; wherein,

The vibration detection line and the vibration compensation line are connected to the electrical connection terminal through a trace in the trace area.

Preferably, the circuit board is provided with two pad portions for electrically connecting with two voice coil leads of the voice coil, respectively.

Another aspect of the present invention discloses a speaker, which includes the circuit board as described above.

According to yet another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, including the speaker as described above and a processor electrically connected to the speaker;

The processor is configured to receive detection currents according to all vibration detection lines and process to obtain polarization information, and input a compensation current to each vibration compensation line according to the polarization information.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a speaker polarization compensation method is disclosed, including:

Receiving a detection current output from a circuit board fixed to the voice coil when the voice coil of the speaker is vibrating;

Obtain polarization information according to the detection current of all vibration detection lines;

Input a compensation current into each vibration compensation line according to the polarization information,

The circuit board includes a circuit board body and a routing area provided on the circuit board body. The routing area includes at least two polarization compensation areas corresponding to the voice coil, and each polarization compensation area includes a vibration detection line. And a vibration compensation line.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

In the present invention, at least two polarization compensation regions corresponding to the voice coil are provided on a circuit board, and each polarization compensation region includes a vibration detection line and a vibration compensation line. When the voice coil vibrates, the vibration detection line can follow the voice coil vibration, that is, the vibration detection line moves in the magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit system, and a detection current is generated on the vibration detection line. Each polarization compensation area corresponds to one side of the voice coil. By analyzing the detection current generated on the vibration detection lines on different sides of the voice coil, the situation of the voice coil vibration can be obtained, and then whether the speaker vibration system has polarization. When polarization exists, a compensation current corresponding to the polarization can be input into the vibration compensation line. After the compensation current is input to the circuit board, the vibration of the voice coil and diaphragm is driven by the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit system. Polarization improves the sound quality of the speakers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a circuit board for a speaker in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows another schematic view of a circuit board for a speaker in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of a speaker in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows an exploded schematic view of a speaker module in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a method for speaker polarization compensation in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Reference signs:

11, module lower case, 12, module upper case, 2, speaker, 31, leak hole, 32, mesh, 21, housing, 221, diaphragm body, 222, reinforcement center, 23, sound Circle, 24, circuit board, 25, magnetic yoke, 261, center magnet, 262, side magnet, 27, magnetically permeable plate, 241, vibration detection line, 242, vibration compensation line, 243, via, 244, pad , 245, electrical connection terminal, 246, wiring.

detailed description

In order to explain the present invention more clearly, the present invention is further described below with reference to the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the drawings are indicated by the same reference numerals. Those skilled in the art should understand that what is specifically described below is illustrative and not restrictive, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the prior art, a speaker includes a casing, and a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system provided in the casing. The vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil fixed below the diaphragm. The magnetic circuit system is formed with a magnetic gap, and the end of the voice coil remote from the diaphragm is suspended in the magnetic gap. When a current is applied to the voice coil, the voice coil is forced to vibrate under the influence of the magnetic gap magnetic field, and the voice coil vibration drives the diaphragm to vibrate and sound. When the voice coil and diaphragm of the vibration system are polarized by the airflow in the speaker, especially when the speaker is a side-exit speaker, the polarization phenomenon is especially between the sides close to the side outlet and away from the side outlet. Obviously, it will affect the sound quality and acoustic performance of the speaker and reduce the user experience.

In order to solve the polarization problem of the speaker in the prior art, according to one aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1-4, a circuit board 24 for a speaker is disclosed.

In this embodiment, the circuit board 24 includes a circuit board body and a routing area provided on the circuit board body. The routing area includes at least two polarization compensation areas corresponding to the voice coil 23, and each polarization compensation area includes a vibration detection line 241 and a vibration compensation line 242.

When the speaker 2 works normally, each of the vibration detection lines 241 vibrates following the voice coil 23, a detection current is formed on the vibration detection line 241 and the detection current is output to an external processor electrically connected to the circuit board 24, so that the external processor Polarization information is obtained according to the detection currents of all the vibration detection lines 241, and a compensation current is input into each vibration compensation line 242 according to the polarization information.

The present invention detects the polarization of the vibration system of the speaker 2 by providing a vibration detection line 241 on the circuit board 24. When the voice coil 23 vibrates the diaphragm to make a sound, the vibration detection line 241 follows the voice coil 23 and the diaphragm vibration, that is, the vibration detection line 241 moves in a magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit system, and a detection current is formed on the vibration detection line 241. When the vibration on different sides of the voice coil 23 is different, the detection currents formed on the vibration detection line 241 are also different. Make each polarization compensation area correspond to one side of the voice coil 23, and by analyzing the detection current generated on the vibration detection line 241 on the different side of the voice coil 23, the vibration situation on the different side of the voice coil 23 can be obtained, and then the speaker 2 is obtained. Whether the vibration system is polarized. When polarization exists, a compensation current corresponding to the polarization situation may be input into the vibration compensation line 242. After the compensation current is input to the circuit board 24, the voice coil 23 and the diaphragm are vibrated under the action of the magnetic field system magnetic field, thereby canceling the polarization of the vibration system, maintaining the vibration balance, and improving the sound quality of the speaker 2.

In the speaker 2, the voice coil 23 is generally rectangular, and the voice coil 23 includes two opposite first sides and two opposite second sides.

In a preferred embodiment, the routing area may include two polarization compensation areas respectively corresponding to two of the first sides or two of the second sides. The two polarization compensation regions may be respectively disposed on two opposite first sides, or may be respectively disposed on two opposite second sides. Of course, in other embodiments, the two polarization compensation regions may be respectively disposed on a first side and a second side.

When the speaker 2 is a side-exit speaker 2, the speaker 2 includes a side-exit port, and a polarization compensation zone may be provided on a side of the voice coil 23 near the side-exit port, and the voice coil 23 is far from the side-exit A polarization compensation area is provided on the other side of the mouth. Therefore, the polarization condition can be detected and compensated in the area where the polarization state of the side acoustic speaker 2 is serious, that is, the area near and away from the side acoustic outlet.

In other optional implementation manners, the routing area may further include four polarization compensation areas respectively corresponding to the two first sides and two second sides. Setting four polarization compensation areas on the circuit board 24 can detect and compensate the overall polarization situation of the voice coil 23 and the diaphragm, and further improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 2.

The circuit board 24 may include a first surface near the voice coil 23 and a second surface facing away from the voice coil 23.

In an alternative embodiment, the polarization compensation region may be provided on a first surface or a second surface of the circuit board 24. For example, in this embodiment, two polarization compensation regions are provided on one side surface of the circuit board 24. Of course, each polarization compensation area can be set on the first side or the second side. The traces 246 on the circuit board 24 can realize the polarization compensation area on the first or second side and the external processor. connection.

In other optional embodiments, at least two of the polarization compensation regions include a first compensation region provided on a first surface and a second compensation region provided on a second surface. The polarization compensation region may be provided on one surface of the circuit board 24 or on both surfaces of the circuit board 24. When the polarization compensation areas are provided on both surfaces of the circuit board 24, the polarization compensation areas include a first compensation area on a first side and a second compensation area on a second side of the circuit board 24 provided on one side of the voice coil 23, said The vibration detection line and the vibration compensation line of the first compensation area and the second compensation area need to be set in parallel respectively, that is, the vibration detection line of the first compensation area and the vibration detection line of the second compensation area are connected in parallel, and the vibration compensation line of the first compensation area In parallel with the vibration compensation line of the second compensation area, the polarization compensation area is formed by providing compensation areas on the two surfaces of the circuit board 24.

It should be noted that due to the space limitation of the wiring 246 of the circuit board 24, a plurality of via holes 243 need to be formed on the circuit board 24, so that the wiring area can be routed on the two sides of the circuit board 24 through the via holes 243. , The vibration detection line 241, the vibration compensation line 242, and the voice coil lead electrically connected to the pad are communicated with the electrical connection terminal. . A plurality of electrical connection terminals 245 are provided on the outer end of the circuit board 24 away from the speaker 2 for electrically connecting with the processor.

In addition, the vibration detection line 241 and the vibration compensation line 242 in this embodiment are located directly above the voice coil 23, that is, directly above the magnetic gap, and correspond to a region with a strong magnetic field strength. The vibration detection line 241 and the vibration compensation line 242 are connected to the electrical connection terminal 245 through the wiring 246 in the wiring area. The weak magnetic field outside the magnetic gap has a small effect on the detection current formed on the vibration detection line 241, and can ensure the accuracy of polarization detection of the vibration system of the speaker 2.

The circuit board 24 is provided with two pads 244 for electrically connecting the two voice coil 23 leads of the voice coil 23 respectively. Preferably, the two pads 244 are located in the hollow portion of the voice coil 23, and the two leads of the voice coil 23 can be soldered to the two pads 244, respectively, and the voice coil 23 can be electrically connected to the external circuit through the circuit board 24 .

As shown in FIG. 3, according to another aspect of the present invention, this embodiment also discloses a specific embodiment of a speaker. In this embodiment, the circuit board 24 described in this embodiment is applied to the speaker 2.

In this embodiment, the speaker 2 includes a casing 21 and a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system provided in the casing 21.

The vibration system may include a diaphragm and a voice coil 23 fixed below the diaphragm. The circuit board 24 is disposed between the diaphragm and the voice coil 23, and the voice coil 23 is fixed on the circuit board 24.

The diaphragm may include a diaphragm center portion in the center of the diaphragm and a diaphragm edge portion connected to the edge of the diaphragm center portion to collectively form the diaphragm body portion 221. In order to increase the vibration characteristics of the diaphragm, the central portion of the diaphragm generally includes a central portion of the main body and a reinforcing central portion 222 coupled to a surface of the central portion of the main body. In order to reduce the weight of the diaphragm and further improve the vibration performance of the diaphragm, the center of the central part of the body can be hollowed out. The hollowed-out edge of the central part of the body needs to be located inside the edge of the reinforced central part 222 fixed to it, so as to ensure that the hollowed-out area is smaller than the area of the reinforced central part 222 to which it fits, so as to ensure the airtightness of the diaphragm. Preferably, the circuit board 24 can be fixed under the diaphragm, and the voice coil 23 can be fixed on the circuit board 24 so as to be relatively fixed with the circuit board 24.

A magnetic gap is formed in the magnetic circuit system, and an end of the voice coil 23 remote from the diaphragm is suspended in the magnetic gap. The magnetic circuit system may include a magnetic yoke 25, a magnet fixed at the center of the magnetic yoke 25, and a magnetically permeable plate 27 on the upper surface of the magnet. In this embodiment, in order to increase the strength of the magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit system, the magnetic circuit system uses a magnet 261 and a magnetic plate 27 at the center of the magnetic yoke 25 to form a central magnetic circuit. The side magnet 262 is provided with a side magnetically permeable plate on an upper surface of the side magnet 262 to form a side magnetic circuit, thereby forming a magnetic gap accommodating the voice coil 23 between the center magnetic circuit and the side magnetic circuit. The magnetic yoke 25 is generally rectangular, and the side magnets 262 may be disposed on the four sides of the magnetic yoke 25, or may be disposed only on the two long or short sides of the magnetic yoke 25 opposite to each other. The edge extends perpendicular to the magnetic yoke 25 to form a side wall, and the side magnetic path and the side wall together form a magnetic gap with the central magnetic path. In other embodiments, the yoke 25 may further include a flat bottom wall and a side wall extending along the edge of the bottom wall toward the vibration system. A magnetic gap is formed between the side wall of the magnetically yoke 25 and the magnet and the magnetically permeable plate 27 to accommodate the lower end of the voice coil 23.

As shown in FIG. 4, in an alternative embodiment, the speaker 2 may be provided in a sounder module. The sounder module may include a module case and a cavity provided in the cavity formed by the module case. Example described speaker 2. The module case may include a module upper case 12 and a module lower case 11 correspondingly provided. The speaker 2 divides the cavity formed by the module housing into a front acoustic cavity and a rear acoustic cavity, and a sound absorbing material for adjusting sound quality may be provided in the rear acoustic cavity. Further, a pressure-equalized leakage hole 31 may be formed on the module housing located in the rear acoustic cavity, and a mesh 32 is further provided on the outer surface of the module housing corresponding to the leakage hole 31 to increase the damping of the leakage hole 31.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, this embodiment also discloses an electronic device. In this embodiment, the electronic device includes the speaker 2 as in this embodiment and a processor electrically connected to the speaker 2.

The processor may receive and process polarization information according to the detection currents of all the vibration detection lines 241, and input a compensation current to each vibration compensation line 242 according to the polarization information.

According to another aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, this embodiment further discloses a polarization compensation method for the speaker 2. The method includes:

S100: Receive the detection current output from the circuit board 24 fixed to the voice coil 23 when the voice coil 23 of the speaker 2 vibrates. The circuit board 24 includes a circuit board body and a routing area provided on the circuit board body. The routing area includes at least two polarization compensation areas corresponding to the voice coil 23, and each polarization compensation area includes a vibration. A detection line 241 and a vibration compensation line 242.

S200: Obtain polarization information according to the detection currents of all the vibration detection lines 241;

S300: Input a compensation current into each vibration compensation line 242 according to the polarization information.

Obviously, the foregoing embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the above description, they can also do There are other different forms of changes or changes, and all embodiments cannot be exhausted here. Any obvious changes or changes derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A circuit board for a speaker, the speaker comprising a voice coil relatively fixed to the circuit board, characterized in that the circuit board includes a circuit board body and a routing area provided on the circuit board body;

The routing area includes at least two polarization compensation areas corresponding to the voice coil, and each polarization compensation area includes a vibration detection line and a vibration compensation line;

Each vibration detection line outputs a detection current to an external processor electrically connected to the circuit board when following the vibration of the voice coil, so that the external processor obtains polarization information according to the detection current of all vibration detection lines, and according to the polarization information Enter the compensation current into each vibration compensation line.
The circuit board according to claim 1, wherein the voice coil comprises two opposite first sides and two opposite second sides;

The routing area includes two polarization compensation areas respectively corresponding to two of the first side or two of the second side; or

The routing area includes two polarization compensation areas respectively corresponding to one of the first side and one of the second side; or

The routing area includes four polarization compensation areas respectively corresponding to two of the first sides and two of the second sides.
The circuit board according to claim 1, wherein the speaker includes a side outlet, the voice coil includes a first side close to the side outlet, and the wiring area includes a The two sides of the first side and the opposite sides of the first side have two polarization compensation regions.
The circuit board according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the circuit board includes a first surface near the voice coil and a second surface facing away from the voice coil;

The polarization compensation area is disposed on a first surface or a second surface of the circuit board.
The circuit board according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the circuit board includes a first surface near the voice coil and a second surface facing away from the voice coil;

The polarization compensation area is disposed on a first surface and a second surface of the circuit board;

At least two of the polarization compensation regions include a first compensation region provided on a first surface and a second compensation region provided on a second surface.
The circuit board according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of electrical connection terminals electrically connected to the external processor are provided at an outer end portion of the circuit board remote from the speaker; wherein,

The vibration detection line and the vibration compensation line are connected to the electrical connection terminal through a trace in the trace area.
The circuit board according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board is provided with two pad portions for electrically connecting with two voice coil leads of the voice coil, respectively.
A loudspeaker, comprising the circuit board according to any one of claims 1-7.
An electronic device, comprising the speaker according to claim 8 and a processor electrically connected to the speaker;

The processor is configured to receive detection currents according to all vibration detection lines and process to obtain polarization information, and input a compensation current to each vibration compensation line according to the polarization information.
A method for speaker polarization compensation, comprising:

Receiving a detection current output from a circuit board fixed to the voice coil when the voice coil of the speaker is vibrating;

Obtain polarization information according to the detection current of all vibration detection lines;

Input a compensation current into each vibration compensation line according to the polarization information,

The circuit board includes a circuit board body and a routing area provided on the circuit board body. The routing area includes at least two polarization compensation areas corresponding to the voice coil, and each polarization compensation area includes a vibration detection line And a vibration compensation line.