WO2020050840A1

WO2020050840A1 - Privacy films

Info

Publication number: WO2020050840A1
Application number: PCT/US2018/049633
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kuan-Ting Wu; Chia-Cheng Wei; Te-Shun LEE; Chao-Hung Lin
Original assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Priority date: 2018-09-06
Filing date: 2018-09-06
Publication date: 2020-03-12

Abstract

In one example, a privacy film may include a transparent film formed of a transparent build material and a clear fusion agent. Further, the privacy film may include a viewing angle interference gate pattern formed of the transparent build material and a black fusion agent. The viewing angle interference gate pattern may be formed within the transparent film.

Description

PRIVACY FILMS

BACKGROUND

[0001] The emergence and popularity of mobile computing has made electronic devices, due to their compact design and light weight, a staple in today's marketplace. Electronic devices, such as mobile phones, notebooks and tablets, may include a display that outputs information to users. Example display may include a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode display, a light emitting diode display, or the like. The users may use the display to view private and confidential information, such as private financial information or a confidential email. Because of the increased portability of electronic devices, users can transport and use the electronic devices in public areas where privacy is minimal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] Examples are described in the following detailed description and in reference to the drawings, in which:

[0003] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example privacy film;

[0004] FIG. 2A is a top view of an example privacy film depicting a two-way privacy control of a viewing angle of a display;

[0005] FIG. 2B is a top view of another example privacy film depicting a two- way privacy control of the viewing angle of the display;

[0006] FIG. 2C is a top view of an example privacy film depicting a four-way privacy control of the viewing angle of the display;

[oooh FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of the example privacy film of FIG.

1 , depicting additional features;

[0008] FIG. 4A is a block diagram of an example electronic device, depicting an example privacy film disposed on a display; [0009] FIG. 4B is a block diagram of the example electronic device of FIG. 4A, depicting additional features;

[0010] FIG. 5 illustrates an example flow diagram for printing a privacy film;

[0011] FIGs. 6A through 6E are schematic views depicting an example process for fabricating an example privacy film;

[0012] FIGs. 7A through 7C are schematic views depicting another example process for fabricating another example privacy film;

[0013] FIGs. 8A through 8D are example dose-up side cross-sectional views of a layer of transparent plastic powder, a clear fusion agent, a black fusion agent, and a detailing agent in accordance with the examples described with respect to FIGs. 7A-7C; and

[0014] FIG. 9 is an example 3-dimensional (3D) printing system to print an example 3D privacy film.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Electronic devices, such as laptops, mobile phones, notebooks, tablets, and the like, may include a display that outputs information to users. The users may use the display to view private information, such as private financial information or a confidential email. Often, the user may use the electronic devices to view/write personal or otherwise confidential information in public, such as a waiting room, standing in line, or riding on public transportation. In such situations, other people may view the display of the user's electronic device, particularly when the user’s electronic device includes a display viewable from a wide variety of angles.

[0016] Examples described herein may provide a privacy film which can be attached to a display of an electronic device to control the viewing angle and protect the display from prying eyes. The privacy film may be fabricated by applying a clear fusion agent a black fusion agent, and a detailing agent on an optically transparent build material via a 3-dimensional (3D) printer. In one example, the privacy film may include a transparent film formed of the transparent build material and the clear fusion agent Further, the privacy film may indude a viewing angle interference gate pattern formed of the transparent build material and the black fusion agent The viewing angle interference gate pattern may be formed within the transparent film.

[001 h Examples described herein may provide a two-way or a four-way privacy control (i.e., a horizontal viewing angle control and/or a vertical viewing angle control) of a viewing angle of the display. Thus, sensitive data and information, such as insurance, banking, finance, human resources, trade, examination rooms, medical personnel, and security applications, can be protected from the prying eyes.

[0018] In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present techniques. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present apparatus, devices and systems may be practiced without these specific details. Reference in the specification to“an example" or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described is included in at least that one example, but not necessarily in other examples.

[0019] Turning now to the figures, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example privacy film 100. In one example, privacy film 100 may include a transparent film 102 formed of a transparent build material and a clear fusion agent. In one example, transparent film 102 may be “optically transparent" to transmit light therethrough. Example transparent build material may indude optically transparent plastic powder.

[0020] In one example, privacy film 100 may include a viewing angle interference gate pattern 104 formed of the transparent build material and a black fusion agent. Further, viewing angle interference gate pattern 104 may be formed within transparent film 102. For example, viewing angle interference gate pattern 104 may include a plurality of viewing angle interference gates or partition walls or privacy gates (e.g., 104A, 104B, 104C and the like) that can be arranged in parallel. In one example, the viewing angle interference gates may act as light-shielding portions. For example, the viewing angle interference gates may be "optically opaque" to absorb and/or diffuse (or dispersed) light therethrough. In one example, privacy film 100 including transparent film 102 and viewing angle interference gate pattern 104 may be fabricated using a 3D printer.

[0021] FIG. 2A is a top view of an example privacy film 200A depicting a two- way privacy control of a viewing angle of a display. Privacy film 200A may include a transparent film 202 and a viewing angle interference gate pattern 204 formed within transparent film 202. In the example shown in FIG. 2A, viewing angle interference gate pattern 204 may be formed within transparent film 202 in a crosswise direction (e.g., a parallel pattern) to provide the two-way privacy control of the viewing angle of the display. In one example, FIG. 2A may facilitate a right view privacy control and a left view privacy control of the display. In other words, example two-way privacy control may include a horizontal viewing angle control (i.e., the right view privacy control and the left view privacy control).

[0022] FIG. 2B is a top view of another example privacy film 200B depicting a two-way privacy control of the viewing angle of the display. In the example shown in FIG. 2B, viewing angle interference gate pattern 204 may be formed within transparent film 202 in a lengthwise direction (e.g., a parallel pattern) to provide the two-way privacy control of the viewing angle of the display. For example, FIG. 2B may facilitate a top view privacy control and a bottom view privacy control of the display. In other words, example two-way privacy control may include a vertical viewing angle control (i.e., the top view privacy control and the bottom view privacy control).

[0023] FIG. 2C is a top view of an example privacy film 200C depicting a four- way privacy control of the viewing angle of the display. In the example shown in FIG. 2C, viewing angle interference gate pattern 204 may be formed within transparent film 202 in the lengthwise direction and the crosswise direction (e.g., a grid pattern) of privacy film 200C to provide the four-way privacy control of the viewing angle of the display. For example, four-way privacy control may include the horizontal viewing angle control (i.e., the right view privacy control and the left view privacy control) and the vertical viewing angle control (i.e., the top view privacy control and the bottom view privacy control).

[0024] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of the example privacy film 300

(e.g., such as privacy film 100 of FIG. 1 ), depicting additional features. Privacy film 300 may include transparent film 302 (e.g., transparent film 102 of FIG. 1) and viewing angle interference gate pattern 304 (e.g., viewing angle interference gate pattern 104 of FIG. 1 ) formed within transparent film 302. In one example, a height (e.g., H1 ) of viewing angle interference gate pattern 304 may be less than a height (e.g., H2) of transparent film 302. In another example, the height of viewing angle interference gate pattern 304 may be equal to the height of transparent film 302 (e.g., as shown in FIG. 4B).

[0025] FIG. 4A is a block diagram of an example electronic device 400, depicting an example privacy film 402 disposed on a display 404. Example electronic device 400 may include a smart phone, a laptop, a tablet, a personal digital assistant, a convertible device that can be used in both laptop and tablet modes, a media playing device, a portable gaming system, and/or any other type of portable computer device having display 404 that displays visual data. Example display 404 may output information electronically to a user (e.g., viewer).

[0026] In one example, electronic device may include display 404 (e.g., a touch screen display), an optically clear adhesive (OCA) 406, and privacy film 402 disposed on display 404 via OCA 406. Example display 404 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light-emitting diode ("OLED"), a polymer light-emitting diode ("PLED"), a plasma display, electrowetting display, or the like. Further, electronic device 400 may be equipped with other components such as a camera, audio/video devices, and the like, depending on the functions of electronic device 400. Example OCA 406 may include a polyacrylic, a polycarbonate, a cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), and a polyester.

[0027] In one example, privacy film 402 may include transparent layers 408 and viewing angle interference gate layers 410 formed alternately in a lengthwise direction (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2B) of privacy film 402, a crosswise direction (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2A) of privacy film 402, or a combination thereof (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2C). Further, each viewing angle interference gate layer (e.g., 410A and 410B) may be formed as a separation layer that separates two adjacent transparent layers 408 from each other. In the example shown in FIG.4A, a viewing angle interference gate layer 410A may be formed as the separation layer that separates a transparent layer 408A and a transparent layer 408B. In one example, multiple transparent layers (e.g., 408) may be referred as a transparent film (e.g., a transparent film 102 of FIG. 1 ).

[0028] In one example, transparent layers 408 may be formed of a transparent build material and a clear fusion agent. For example, transparent layers 408 may facilitate the user to read the information displayed on display 404 when privacy film 402 is adhered to display 404. Further, viewing angle interference gate layers 410 may be formed of the transparent build material and a black fusion agent Viewing angle interference gate layers 410 may limit the viewing angle of display 404 by absorbing and/or diffusing the light, thereby protecting the information provided on display 404 from prying eyes. In one example, a degree of privacy of display 404 may be controlled by designing viewing angle interference gate layers 410 according users' need, for example, by increasing the number of viewing angle interference gate layers 410, by increasing a thickness of viewing angle interference gate layers 410, or the like.

[0029] In one example, privacy film 402 including transparent layers 408 and viewing angle interference gate layers 410 may be formed using a three- dimensional (3D) printing process. For example, privacy film 402 may be detachably disposed on display 404 as an electronic privacy filter or may be integrated with display 404 as a single device article.

[0030] FIG.4B is a block diagram of example electronic device 400 of FIG. 4A, depicting additional features. Similarly named elements of FIG. 4B may be similar in function and/or structure to elements described in FIG. 4A. In one example, viewing angle interference gate layers 410 may include a uniform height (e.g., H3) and thickness (T1). Example viewing angle interference gate layers 410 may indude the height in a range of 150-200 pm and the thickness in a range of 30-100 pm. Further, transparent layers 408 may indude a uniform thickness (e.g., T2). Example transparent layers 408 may indude the thickness in a range of 250-300 pm. For example, when privacy film 402 is viewed orthogonal to a plane of privacy film 402, viewing angle interference gate layers 410 may not be visible, as the thickness (T1 ) of viewing angle interference gate layers 410 can be thin. Thus, the user may view the information on display 404 through privacy film 402 unimpeded by viewing angle interference gate layers 410, while the information can be protected from prying eyes.

[0031] FIG. 5 illustrates an example flow diagram 500 for printing a privacy film.

It should be understood the process depicted in FIG. 5 represents generalized illustrations, and that other processes may be added or existing processes may be removed, modified, or rearranged without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the processes may represent instructions stored on a computer readable storage medium that, when executed, may cause a processor to respond, to perform actions, to change states, and/ or to make decisions. Alternatively, the processes may represent functions and/ or actions performed by functionally equivalent circuits like analog circuits, digital signal processing circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or other hardware components associated with the system. Furthermore, the flow charts are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application, but rather the flowcharts illustrate functional information to design or fabricate circuits, generate machine-readable instructions, or use a combination of hardware and machine-readable instructions to perform the illustrated processes.

[0032] At 502, a clear fusion agent, a black fusion agent, and a detailing agent may be selectively applied on a transparent build material. In one example, the transparent build material may be selected from a group consisting of a polyacrylic, a polycarbonate, a cyclic olefin copolymer, and a polyethylene terephthalate. The clear fusion agent may indude a combination of a first resin (e.g., 50-80 wt%) and a first solvent (e.g., 20-50 wt%). The black fusion agent may indude a combination of a second resin (e.g., 55-75 wt%), a nano carbon black (e.g., 0.1 -3.0 wt%), a second solvent (e.g., 20-45 wt%), and a first surfactant (e.g., 0.3-2 wt%). The detailing agent may indude a combination of water (e.g., 65-90 wt%), a third solvent (e.g., 10-35 wt%), and a second surfactant (e.g., 0.1-1.5 wt%).

[0033] Example first resin and second resin may be selected from a group consisting of a polyacrylic and a polycarbonate. Example first solvent, second solvent, and third solvent may be selected from a group consisting of a xylene, a methyl isobutyl ketone, a 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1 -butyl acetate, an ethyl acetate, a butyl acetate, a propylene glycol monomethyl ether, an ethylene glycol mono tert- buthyl ether, a dipropylene glycol methyl ether, a diethylene glycol butyl ether, an ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, a 3-Methoxy-3-Methyl-1 -butanol, an isobutyl alcohol, a 1 ,4-butanediol, and a N,N-dimethyl acetamid. Example first surfactant and second surfactant may be selected from a group consisting of polyoxyethylene glycol octylphenol ethers, an ethoxylated aliphatic alcohol, carboxylic esters, a polyethylene glycol ester, an anhydrosorbitol ester, a carboxylic amide, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, and a poly (ethylene glycol) p-isooctyl-phenyl ether. In one example, the first resin and the second resin may indude same material or different material. Further, the first solvent, the second solvent, and the third solvent may indude same material or different material. Similarly, the first surfactant and the second surfactant may indude same material or different material.

[0034] At 504, the transparent build material may be exposed to electromagnetic radiation to fuse the transparent build material in contact with the clear fusion agent, the black fusion agent, and the detailing agent to form a transparent film and a viewing angle interference gate pattern within the transparent film. In this example, clear fusion agent, black fusion agent, and detailing agent may be exposed to a printing temperature in a range of 155-165 °C. In one example, the privacy film with the transparent film and the viewing angle interference gate pattern may be printed using a 3D printer. The viewing angle interference gate pattern may include a plurality of rows (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2A), a plurality of columns (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2B), or a plurality of intersecting rows and columns (e.g., as shown in FIG. 2C). Example processes for fabricating privacy films may be shown in FIGs. 6A-6E and 7A-7C. [00351 FIGs. 6A through 6E are schematic views depicting an example process for fabricating an example privacy film 620. In this example, privacy film 620 may include a viewing angle interference gate pattern 612 formed within a transparent film 622 such that a height of viewing angle interference gate pattern 612 is less than a height of transparent film 622. In FIG. 6A, a bottom layer 602 of a transparent build material may be applied on a bed or build area platform 604. Further, a clear fusion agent 606 may be applied on bottom layer 602 of the transparent build material.

[0036] In FIG. 6B, a middle layer 608 of the transparent build material may be applied on top of bottom layer 602. In FIG. 6C, a black fusion agent 610 may be applied on middle layer 608 of the transparent build material to form a viewing angle interference gate pattern 612. Further, clear fusion agent 606 may be applied on middle layer 608 of the transparent build material in a space between viewing angle interference gate pattern 612 as shown in FIG. 6C.

[0037] In FIG. 6D, a top layer 614 of the transparent build material may be applied on top of middle layer 608. Further, clear fusion agent 606 may be applied on top layer 614 of the transparent build material. In one example, a detailing agent 616 may be selectively applied on at least one of bottom layer 602, middle layer 608, and top layer 614 of the transparent build material as shown in FIGs. 6A through 6D. In one example, detailing agent 616 may be seledively applied where the fusing action may have to be reduced or amplified. For example, detailing agent 616 may reduce fusing at boundary to produce privacy film 620 with sharp and smooth edges.

[0038] In one example, bottom layer 602, middle layer 608, and top layer 614 (e.g., the transparent build material) may be selectively exposed to electromagnetic radiation (e.g., 618 as shown in FIG. 6E) to fuse the transparent build material in contact with clear fusion agent 606, black fusion agent 610, and detailing agent 616. Thus, privacy film 620, including a transparent film 622 and viewing angle interference gate pattern 612 within transparent film, 622 can be formed. [0039] FIGs. 7A through 7C are schematic views depicting another example process for fabricating another example privacy film. Privacy film 716 may indude a viewing angle interference gate pattern 708 formed within a transparent film 718 such that a height of viewing angle interference gate pattern 708 is equal to a height of transparent film 718. In FIG. 7A, a layer 702 of a transparent build material may be applied on a bed or build area platform 704. In FIG. 7B, a black fusion agent 706 may be applied on layer 702 of the transparent build material to form a viewing angle interference gate pattern 708. Further, a clear fusion agent 710 may be applied on layer 702 of the transparent build material in a space between viewing angle interference gate pattern 708. In one example, a detailing agent 712 may be selectively applied on layer 702 of the transparent build material.

[0040] In one example, layer 702 (e.g., the transparent build material) may be exposed to electromagnetic radiation (e.g., 714 as shown in FIG. 7C) to form privacy film 716 by fusing the transparent build material in contact with clear fusion agent 710, black fusion agent 706, and detailing agent 712. Thus, privacy film 716 induding transparent film 718 and viewing angle interference gate pattern 708 within transparent film 718 can be formed.

[0041] FIGs. 8A through 8D are example dose-up side cross-sectional views of a layer of transparent plastic powder 802 (e.g., a transparent build material), a clear fusion agent 806, a black fusion agent 808, and a detailing agent 810 in accordance with examples described with respect to FIGs. 7A-7C. FIG. 8A shows a build platform or movable floor 804 of a 3D printing system, to which a layer of transparent plastic powder 802 may be deposited to form a powder bed. FIG. 8B shows droplets of clear fusion agent 806 and black fusion agent 808 applied to a portion of the powder bed. Further, droplets of a detailing agent 810 may also be applied to portions of the powder bed adjacent to the edges of the portion printed with clear fusion agent 806 and black fusion agent 808.

[0042] Clear fusion agent 806, black fusion agent 808, and detailing agent 810 may be applied to the powder bed admix to fill voids within transparent plastic powder 802 as shown by 812 of FIG. 8C. In FIG. 8D, the portion of the powder bed printed be then fused using electromagnetic radiation 814 to form a privacy film 816. In some examples, detailing agent 810 may become integrated into a surface of privacy film 816. Similarly, in case of a multi-layer privacy film, once a fused part layer is formed, the build platform or moveable floor can then be lowered and the process can be repeated with additional layers of transparent plastic powder to form additional fused layers of the 3D printed part (e.g., privacy film 816).

[0043] FIG. 9 is an example 3-D printing system 900 to print an example 3D privacy film 910 (e.g., similar to privacy film 100 of FIG. 1 ). System 900 includes a powder bed 902 including a transparent build material 906, which includes transparent plastic powder. In the example shown, powder bed 902 may have a build platform or moveable floor 904 that allows powder bed 902 to be lowered after each layer of 3D privacy film 910 is printed. In one example, system 900 may include a fluid jet printer 908 that includes a first fluid jet pen 916 in communication with a reservoir of clear fusing agent 912. First fluid jet pen 916 may be configured to print clear fusing agent 912 onto powder bed 902. A second fluid jet pen 914 is in communication with a reservoir of a detailing agent 918. Second fluid jet pen 914 can be configured to print detailing agent 918 onto powder bed 902. A third fluid jet pen 932 is in communication with a reservoir of a black fusion agent 930. Third fluid jet pen 932 can be configured to print black fusion agent 930 onto powder bed 902. In some examples, the 3-D printing system can also indude additional fluid jet pens in communication with a reservoir of fluid to provide other colors and/or functionality.

[0044] In one example, after the fusion agents has been printed onto transparent build material 906, a fusing radiation source, such as a fusing lamp 920A or 920B, can be used to expose powder bed 902 to electromagnetic radiation sufficient to fuse the transparent plastic powder that has been printed with the fusing agents (e.g., clear fusion agent 912, black fusion agent 930, and detailing agent 918). Fusing lamp 920A may be a stationary fusing lamp that rests above powder bed 902, and fusing lamp 920B may be carried on a carriage with the fluid jet pens (e.g., 916, 914 and 932). For example, system 900 may include a print bed heater 926 to heat powder bed 902. Further, system 900 may include a supply bed or container 922 which also includes a supply heater 924 at a location where particles may be stored before being spread in a layer onto powder bed 902. Thus, an overhead heating source 928, e.g., heating lamps, may be used to heat up transparent build material 906 to a printing temperature. Example printing temperature of clear fusion agent 912, black fusion agent 930, and detailing agent 918 may be in a range of 155-165 ^®C.

[00451 Similarly, to print a next layer, moveable floor 904 can be lowered and a new layer of powder bed material may be added above the previous layer. Unused powder bed material, such as that shown at 906, is not used to form 3D privacy film 910, and thus, can be recycled for future use. In one example, 3-D printing system 900 may provide a flexible privacy film fabrication solution by programming a printing process.

[00461 It is noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[004h It may be noted that the above-described examples of the present solution are for the purpose of illustration only. Although the solution has been described in conjunction with a specific implementation thereof, numerous modifications may be possible without materially departing from the teachings and advantages of the subject matter described herein. Other substitutions, modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present solution. All of the features disclosed in this specification (induding any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exdusive.

[00481 The terms "indude,"“have," and variations thereof, as used herein, have the same meaning as the term “comprise" or appropriate variation thereof. Furthermore, the term“based on", as used herein, means“based at least in part on." Thus, a feature that is described as based on some stimulus can be based on the stimulus or a combination of stimuli induding the stimulus. [0049] The present description has been shown and described with reference to the foregoing examples. It is understood, however, that other forms, details, and examples can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present subject matter that is defined in the following claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A privacy film comprising:

a transparent film formed of a transparent build material and a clear fusion agent; and

a viewing angle interference gate pattern formed of the transparent build material and a black fusion agent, wherein the viewing angle interference gate pattern is formed within the transparent film.

2. The privacy film of daim 1 , wherein the viewing angle interference gate pattern is formed within the transparent layer in one of a lengthwise direction and a crosswise direction of the privacy film to provide a two-way privacy control of a viewing angle of a display.

3. The privacy film of daim 1 , wherein the viewing angle interference gate pattern is formed within the transparent layer in a lengthwise direction and a crosswise direction of the privacy film to provide a four-way privacy control of a viewing angle of a display.

4. The privacy film of daim 1 , wherein a height of the viewing angle interference gate pattern is equal to a height of the transparent film.

5. The privacy film of daim 1 , wherein a height of the viewing angle interference gate pattern is less than a height of the transparent film.

6. The privacy film of daim 1 , wherein the transparent build material comprises optically transparent plastic powder.

7. An electronic device comprising:

a display;

an optically clear adhesive; and

a privacy film disposed on the display via the optically clear adhesive, wherein the privacy film comprises transparent layers and viewing angle interference gate layers formed alternately in a lengthwise direction of the privacy film, a crosswise direction of the privacy film, or a combination thereof, wherein each viewing angle interference gate layer is formed as a separation layer that separates two adjacent transparent layers from each other, wherein the transparent layers are formed of a transparent build material and a clear fusion agent, and wherein the viewing angle interference gate layers are formed of the transparent build material and a black fusion agent.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the privacy film including the transparent layers and the viewing angle interference gate layers is formed using a three-dimensional (3D) printing process.

9. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the viewing angle interference gate layers indude a uniform height and thickness, and wherein the viewing angle interference gate layers indude a height in a range of 150-200 pm and a thickness in a range of 30-100 pm.

10. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the transparent layers include a uniform thickness, and wherein the transparent layers include a thickness in a range of 250-300 pm.

11. A method of printing a privacy film, comprising:

selectively applying a clear fusion agent, a black fusion agent, and a detailing agent on a transparent build material; and

exposing the transparent build material to electromagnetic radiation to fuse the transparent build material in contad with the clear fusion agent, the black fusion agent, and the detailing agent to form a transparent film and a viewing angle interference gate pattern within the transparent film.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein selectively applying the clear fusion agent, the black fusion agent, and the detailing agent on the transparent build material comprises:

applying a bottom layer of the transparent build material on a bed;

applying the clear fusion agent on the bottom layer of the transparent build material; applying a middle layer of the transparent build material on top of the bottom layer;

applying the black fUsion agent on the middle layer of the transparent build material to form the viewing angle interference gate pattern;

applying the clear fUsion agent on the middle layer of the transparent build material in a space between the viewing angle interference gate pattern;

applying a top layer of the transparent build material on top of the middle layer; and

applying the clear fusion agent on the top layer of the transparent build material, wherein the detailing agent is selectively applied on at least one of the bottom layer, the middle layer, and the top layer of the transparent build material.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein selectively applying the clear fusion agent, the black fusion agent, and the detailing agent on the transparent build material comprises:

applying a layer of the transparent build material on a bed;

applying the black fusion agent on the layer of the transparent build material to form the viewing angle interference gate pattern; and

applying the clear fusion agent on the layer of the transparent build material in a space between the viewing angle interference gate pattern, wherein the detailing agent is selectively applied on the layer of the transparent build material.

14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the transparent build material is selected from a group consisting of a polyacrylic, a polycarbonate, a cydic olefin copolymer, and a polyethylene terephthalate, wherein the clear fusion agent comprises a combination of a first resin and a first solvent, wherein the black fusion agent comprises a combination of a second resin, a nano carbon black, a second solvent, and a first surfactant, and wherein the detailing agent comprises a combination of water, a third solvent, and a second surfactant.

15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the privacy film is printed using a three- dimensional (3D) printer, and wherein the viewing angle interference gate pattern comprises a plurality of rows, a plurality of columns, or a plurality of intersecting rows and columns.