WO2020049943A1 - Dispositif d'augmentation de température de batterie rechargeable, programme informatique et procédé d'augmentation de température de batterie rechargeable - Google Patents

Dispositif d'augmentation de température de batterie rechargeable, programme informatique et procédé d'augmentation de température de batterie rechargeable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020049943A1
WO2020049943A1 PCT/JP2019/031163 JP2019031163W WO2020049943A1 WO 2020049943 A1 WO2020049943 A1 WO 2020049943A1 JP 2019031163 W JP2019031163 W JP 2019031163W WO 2020049943 A1 WO2020049943 A1 WO 2020049943A1
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Prior art keywords
secondary battery
charging
discharging
charge
battery
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PCT/JP2019/031163
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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加藤　直行
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住友電気工業株式会社
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Publication of WO2020049943A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020049943A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a secondary battery heating device, a computer program, and a secondary battery heating method.
  • This application claims the priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-166179 filed on Sep. 5, 2018, and incorporates all the contents described in the Japanese application.
  • HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • EV Electric Vehicle
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses that a drive secondary battery is heated and discharged by charging and discharging a drive secondary battery and an electrical component secondary battery with each other to use the secondary battery in a more ideal state.
  • a power supply device is disclosed.
  • a secondary battery temperature raising device is a secondary battery temperature raising device that repeatedly charges and discharges a secondary battery to raise the temperature of the secondary battery, and that charges and discharges the secondary battery.
  • a setting unit for setting the charging and discharging parameters in advance based on the parameters of the secondary battery necessary for setting the parameters; and charging and discharging of the secondary battery based on the charging and discharging parameters set by the setting unit.
  • a control unit for controlling the
  • a computer program is a computer program that causes a computer to execute processing for repeatedly charging and discharging a secondary battery to raise the temperature of the secondary battery. Based on the parameters of the secondary battery required to set the charge and discharge parameters of the battery, processing to set the charge and discharge parameters in advance, based on the set charge and discharge parameters, charge and discharge of the secondary battery Control processing is executed.
  • a method for raising the temperature of a secondary battery is a method for raising the temperature of a secondary battery by repeating charging and discharging of the secondary battery, wherein the charging and discharging of the secondary battery are performed.
  • the charging / discharging parameters are set in advance based on the parameters of the secondary battery required for setting the parameters, and the charging / discharging of the secondary battery is controlled based on the set charging / discharging parameters.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a main configuration of a vehicle equipped with a controller according to an embodiment.
  • 5 is a time chart showing an example of a current / voltage waveform of a main battery and a voltage waveform of a sub-battery at the time of charging and discharging.
  • 4 is a time chart illustrating an example of an ON / OFF state of the FET.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an impedance spectrum of a main battery in a low frequency region.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an impedance spectrum of a resonance region of a main battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a main configuration of a vehicle equipped with a controller according to an embodiment.
  • 5 is a time chart showing an example of a current / voltage waveform of a main battery and a voltage waveform of a sub-battery at the time of charging and discharging.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of resonance frequency information in which a resonance frequency of a main battery is associated with a temperature.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a correlation between an open voltage of a main battery and a charging rate.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between a charging current of a main battery and a duty ratio on a step-down side.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between a discharge current of a main battery and a duty ratio on a boosting side. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the voltage waveform of a sub battery. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the voltage waveform of a sub battery.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a method of adjusting a charging period and a discharging period in a charging / discharging cycle of a main battery. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the processing procedure of a controller.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery temperature raising device, a computer program, and a secondary battery temperature raising method capable of improving a temperature rising rate of a secondary battery.
  • the rate of temperature rise of the secondary battery can be improved.
  • the secondary battery temperature raising device is a secondary battery temperature raising device that repeatedly charges and discharges the secondary battery and raises the temperature of the secondary battery.
  • a setting unit for setting the charge / discharge parameter in advance based on the parameters of the secondary battery required for setting, and controlling the charge / discharge of the secondary battery based on the charge / discharge parameter set in the setting unit And a controller that performs the control.
  • the computer program according to the present embodiment is a computer program that causes a computer to execute a process for repeatedly charging and discharging a secondary battery to raise the temperature of the secondary battery.
  • the secondary battery temperature raising method is a secondary battery temperature raising method of repeatedly charging and discharging the secondary battery to raise the temperature of the secondary battery, wherein the charging and discharging parameters of the secondary battery are The charge / discharge parameters are set in advance based on the parameters of the secondary battery necessary for setting, and the charge / discharge of the secondary battery is controlled based on the set charge / discharge parameters.
  • the setting unit sets the charge / discharge parameters in advance based on the parameters of the secondary battery required to set the charge / discharge parameters of the secondary battery.
  • the charge / discharge current is a physical quantity that contributes to the heat generation of the secondary battery.
  • the resistance component of the secondary battery is R and the charge / discharge current is I
  • the heat generation is proportional to (I squared ⁇ R). That is, in order to shorten the heating time until the temperature of the secondary battery reaches the target value (or increase the heating rate), the charging / discharging current I may be increased within an allowable range.
  • the charge / discharge parameter can be a parameter that can increase the charge / discharge current within an allowable range.
  • the parameters of the secondary battery are parameters necessary for setting the charge / discharge parameters in advance (that is, setting the charge / discharge parameters before the charge / discharge current is supplied by the secondary battery temperature raising device).
  • the control unit controls charging and discharging of the secondary battery based on the charging and discharging parameters set by the setting unit. That is, by performing charging and discharging of the secondary battery based on a preset charging and discharging parameter before flowing the charging and discharging current by the secondary battery heating device, for example, the current flowing through the secondary battery is detected and detected. Since it is not necessary to perform the charge / discharge operation by feedback-controlling the current, there is no delay in the processing associated with the feedback control. In addition, unstable operation due to transient fluctuation of the current of the secondary battery due to speeding up the feedback control processing does not occur.
  • the charging / discharging operation by the secondary battery temperature raising device can be started using the set charging / discharging parameters, so that the temperature raising time until the temperature of the secondary battery reaches the target value is set. This can be shortened (or the rate of temperature rise can be increased), and the rate of temperature rise of the secondary battery can be improved.
  • the setting unit sets a duty ratio of a switching element included in a step-up / step-down circuit used for charging and discharging the secondary battery as the charge / discharge parameter.
  • the setting unit sets a duty ratio of a switching element included in the step-up / step-down circuit used for charging and discharging the secondary battery as a charging / discharging parameter.
  • the charge current and the discharge current flowing through the secondary battery can be changed according to the duty ratio of the switching element.
  • the setting unit includes a first switching element as the switching element connected in series to the secondary battery included in the step-up / step-down circuit, and the second switching element.
  • the duty ratio of each of the second switching elements as the switching elements connected in parallel to the next battery is set.
  • the setting unit sets the duty ratio of each of the first switching element connected in series to the secondary battery included in the step-up / step-down circuit and the second switching element connected in parallel to the secondary battery.
  • the duty ratio of the first switching element is the duty ratio in the step-down mode, and the duty ratio of the second switching element. Is a duty ratio in the boost mode.
  • the secondary battery temperature raising device includes a detection unit that detects a state of the secondary battery, and an adjustment unit that adjusts a charge / discharge parameter of the secondary battery according to the state of the secondary battery.
  • the detecting section detects the state of the secondary battery.
  • the state of the secondary battery is a state that affects a change in a preset charging / discharging parameter, and may be, for example, the temperature of the secondary battery.
  • the adjusting unit adjusts the charge / discharge parameters of the secondary battery according to the state of the secondary battery.
  • the charging / discharging parameter can be adjusted, and a decrease in the rate of temperature rise of the secondary battery can be suppressed.
  • the detection unit detects the temperature of the secondary battery.
  • the detecting section detects the temperature of the secondary battery.
  • parameters for example, voltage, impedance, etc.
  • the charge / discharge parameters of the secondary battery can be adjusted according to the temperature of the secondary battery, it is possible to adjust the charge / discharge parameters even when a state where the preset charge / discharge parameters change occurs. As a result, a decrease in the rate of temperature rise of the secondary battery can be suppressed.
  • the secondary battery heating device includes a voltage detection unit that detects a voltage of an auxiliary secondary battery that is discharged and charged in accordance with charging and discharging of the secondary battery, and the adjustment unit includes: The charge / discharge parameter of the secondary battery is adjusted according to the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery.
  • the voltage detector detects the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery that is discharged and charged according to the charging and discharging of the secondary battery.
  • the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery can be higher than the voltage of the secondary battery.
  • the adjusting unit adjusts the charging / discharging parameters of the secondary battery according to the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery. For example, when the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery becomes higher than the upper limit, the charge / discharge parameter is adjusted so as to decrease the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery. When the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery becomes lower than the lower limit, the charge / discharge parameter is adjusted so as to increase the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery.
  • auxiliary storage battery such as an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC)
  • EDLC electric double layer capacitor
  • the adjustment unit adjusts a duty ratio of the switching element.
  • the adjustment unit adjusts the duty ratio of the switching element. Thereby, the charge / discharge current of the secondary battery can be adjusted.
  • the secondary battery temperature raising device includes a ratio adjustment unit that adjusts a ratio between a charge period and a discharge period in a charge / discharge cycle of the secondary battery according to a voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery. Prepare.
  • the ratio adjuster adjusts the ratio between the charge period and the discharge period in the charge / discharge cycle of the secondary battery according to the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery. For example, when the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery becomes higher than the upper limit, the ratio of the charging period of the secondary battery (discharge period of the auxiliary secondary battery) is increased so that the discharge current of the auxiliary secondary battery increases. . Further, when the voltage of the auxiliary secondary battery becomes lower than the lower limit value, the ratio of the discharging period of the secondary battery (the charging period of the auxiliary secondary battery) is increased so that the charging current of the auxiliary secondary battery increases. .
  • auxiliary storage battery such as an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC)
  • EDLC electric double layer capacitor
  • the parameters of the secondary battery are the voltage of the secondary battery, and the auxiliary secondary battery that is discharged and charged according to the charging and discharging of the secondary battery. Voltage.
  • the parameters of the secondary battery include the impedance of the secondary battery during a charge / discharge cycle of the secondary battery.
  • the secondary battery temperature raising device includes a step-up / step-down circuit that is used for charging and discharging the secondary battery and has a switching element that repeats on / off, and the control unit turns on the switching element. Turn off to control charging and discharging of the secondary battery.
  • ⁇ Equipped with a step-up / step-down circuit having a switching element that is used for charging and discharging the secondary battery and that repeats ON / OFF.
  • the control unit can control charging / discharging of the secondary battery by turning on / off the switching element of the step-up / step-down circuit.
  • the step-up / step-down circuit includes a first switching element connected in series to the secondary battery, and a first switching element connected in parallel to the secondary battery.
  • a second switching element, and the control unit controls charging and discharging of the secondary battery by turning on and off the first switching element and the second switching element.
  • the step-up / step-down circuit includes a first switching element connected in series to the secondary battery, and a second switching element connected in parallel to the secondary battery.
  • the duty ratio of the first switching element is the duty ratio in the step-down mode
  • the duty ratio of the second switching element Is a duty ratio in the boost mode.
  • the control unit can control charging and discharging of the secondary battery by turning on and off the first switching element and the second switching element.
  • the secondary battery temperature raising device includes the secondary battery and an auxiliary secondary battery, and the control unit charges the secondary battery by discharging the auxiliary secondary battery, The auxiliary secondary battery is charged and the secondary battery is discharged.
  • the control unit can discharge the auxiliary secondary battery to charge the secondary battery and charge the auxiliary secondary battery to discharge the secondary battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a main configuration of a vehicle equipped with a controller 50 of the present embodiment.
  • the vehicle includes a main battery 10 as a secondary battery, a sub-battery 20 as an auxiliary secondary battery, a DC / DC converter 30 as a step-up / step-down circuit, a controller 50, and the like.
  • the secondary battery temperature raising device includes a controller 50. Further, the secondary battery temperature raising device may include at least one of the main battery 10, the sub battery 20, and the DC / DC converter 30 in addition to the controller 50.
  • the main battery 10 can be, for example, a lithium ion battery, and has a plurality of cells (not shown) connected in series or in series / parallel.
  • the main battery 10 includes a voltage sensor 11, a current sensor 12, and a temperature sensor 13.
  • the voltage sensor 11 detects the voltage of each cell and the voltage V1 across the main battery 10, and outputs the detected voltage V1 to the controller 50.
  • the current sensor 12 includes, for example, a shunt resistor or a Hall sensor, and detects a charging current and a discharging current (collectively, a current I) of the main battery 10.
  • the current sensor 12 outputs the detected current I to the controller 50.
  • the temperature sensor 13 includes, for example, a thermistor and detects the temperature of each cell.
  • the temperature sensor 13 may be configured to detect the temperature of all the cells of the plurality of cells, or may be configured to detect the temperature of some of the cells of the plurality of cells. The temperature of one predetermined cell may be detected. When the temperatures of a plurality of cells are detected, the average value, the median value, or the maximum value of the detected temperatures of the cells can be used as the detected temperature. The temperature sensor 13 outputs the detected temperature to the controller 50.
  • the main battery 10 can be used as an auxiliary battery, and is used, for example, for starting a hybrid system of a vehicle in response to operation of a start switch (ignition switch) (not shown) or for a backup memory during parking. Used as a power source for The rated voltage of the main battery 10 can be, for example, 12 V, but is not limited thereto.
  • the sub-battery 20 may be, for example, an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC), and is used for an auxiliary power supply or regeneration.
  • the sub-battery 20 includes a voltage sensor 21.
  • the voltage sensor 21 detects a voltage V2 across the sub-battery 20 and outputs the detected voltage V2 to the controller 50.
  • the rated voltage of the sub-battery 20 may be, for example, 24 V or 48 V, but is not limited thereto.
  • the DC / DC converter 30 forms a step-up / step-down circuit, and includes an FET 31 as a first switching element connected in series to the main battery 10 and a second switching element connected in parallel to the main battery 10 And an inductor (coil) 33. Diodes are connected between the drains and the sources of the FETs 31 and 32.
  • one end of the inductor 33 is connected to the positive terminal of the main battery 10
  • the other end of the inductor 33 is connected to the source of the FET 31, and the drain of the FET 31 is connected to the positive terminal of the sub-battery 20. It is connected.
  • the source of the FET 31 is connected to the drain of the FET 32, and the source of the FET 32 is connected to a predetermined reference potential (for example, 0 V).
  • a control signal (gate signal) from the controller 50 is input to the gate of each of the FETs 31 and 32, and the FETs 31 and 32 are switched so as to alternately turn on and off.
  • the DC / DC converter 30 charges the main battery 10 (that is, discharges the sub-battery 20) (buck mode) and discharges the main battery 10 (that is, discharges the sub-battery 20). It operates in a boosting operation (Boost mode).
  • Boost mode boosting operation
  • the FET 31 In the step-down operation (buck mode), when the FET 31 is turned on (the FET 32 is turned off at this time), a current flows from the sub-battery 20 to the main battery 10, and energy is accumulated in the inductor 33. Next, when the FET 31 is turned off (at this time, the FET 32 is turned on), the energy stored in the inductor 33 is supplied to the main battery 10 through the FET 32, so that a charging current flows through the main battery 10.
  • the duty ratio of the FET 31 is referred to as the step-down duty ratio D1.
  • the duty ratio of the FET 31 is a ratio of the ON state period to the total period of the ON state and the OFF state of the FET 31.
  • Boost mode In the boosting operation (Boost mode), first, when the FET 32 is turned on (at this time, the FET 31 is turned off), a current flows from the main battery 10 through the inductor 33, and energy is accumulated in the inductor 33. Next, when the FET 32 is turned off (at this time, the FET 31 is turned on), the energy stored in the inductor 33 is supplied to the sub-battery 20 through the FET 31, so that a discharge current flows through the main battery 10.
  • the duty ratio of the FET 32 is referred to as a boost-side duty ratio D2.
  • the duty ratio of the FET 32 is a ratio of the ON state period to the total period of the ON state and the OFF state of the FET 32.
  • FIG. 2 is a time chart showing an example of a current / voltage waveform of the main battery 10 and a voltage waveform of the sub-battery 20 during charging and discharging.
  • the upper part of FIG. 2 shows the current of the main battery 10.
  • charging is performed when the current is positive, and discharging is performed when the current is negative.
  • the main battery 10 is charged, and in the Boost mode, the main battery 10 is discharged.
  • the total time of the time in the Buck mode and the time in the Boost mode corresponds to a charge / discharge cycle. For example, when charging and discharging are repeated 1000 times per second, the charging and discharging cycle is 1 ms.
  • FIG. 2 shows the voltage of the main battery 10 and the voltage of the sub-battery 20.
  • the boost mode since the main battery 10 is charged and the sub-battery 20 is discharged, the voltage of the main battery 10 is higher than that at the time of discharging, and the voltage of the sub-battery 20 is lower than that at the time of charging.
  • the boost mode the main battery 10 is discharged and the sub-battery 20 is charged, so that the voltage of the main battery 10 is lower than at the time of charging, and the voltage of the sub-battery 20 is higher than at the time of discharging.
  • the waveforms of the voltage and the current are schematically illustrated, and therefore may be different from actual waveforms.
  • FIG. 3 is a time chart showing an example of the ON / OFF state of the FETs 31 and 32.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the on / off state of the FETs 31 and 32 during one charge / discharge cycle.
  • the ON / OFF waveforms of the FETs 31 and 32 are shown for comparison with the charge / discharge cycle, and are schematically shown.
  • the FETs 31 and 32 are alternately turned on and off alternately, and the switching cycle is T.
  • the switching frequency of the FETs 31 and 32 can be, for example, several tens of kHz, but is not limited thereto.
  • the controller 50 includes a voltage acquisition unit 51, a current acquisition unit 52, a temperature acquisition unit 53, a storage unit 54, and a processing unit 60.
  • the processing unit 60 includes a control unit 61, a charge / discharge parameter setting unit 62, a charge / discharge parameter adjustment unit 63, and a charge / discharge cycle adjustment unit 64.
  • the voltage acquisition unit 51 acquires the voltages of the plurality of cells of the main battery 10, the voltage V1 of the main battery 10, and the voltage V2 of the sub-battery 20.
  • the current acquisition unit 52 acquires a current I (a charging current and a discharging current) of the main battery 10.
  • the sampling period for acquiring the voltage and the current can be, for example, 10 ms, but is not limited to this.
  • the temperature acquisition unit 53 acquires a cell temperature.
  • Each cell of the main battery 10 can be represented by an equivalent circuit composed of, for example, the resistance of the electrolytic solution bulk, the interface charge transfer resistance, the electric double layer capacitance, the diffusion impedance, and the like.
  • an equivalent circuit of a cell can be equivalently represented by a circuit in which an electric double layer capacitance is connected in parallel to a series circuit of interfacial charge transfer resistance and diffusion impedance, and a circuit in which the resistance of the electrolyte bulk is further connected in series. . Note that the equivalent circuit is not limited to this.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an impedance spectrum of the main battery 10 in a low frequency region
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an impedance spectrum of a resonance region of the main battery 10. 4 and 5, the horizontal axis represents the real component of the impedance, and the vertical axis represents the imaginary component of the impedance.
  • Z Z + jX
  • R is a real component
  • X is an imaginary component.
  • the curve indicated by the symbol A1 represents the impedance spectrum when the temperature of the main battery 10 is ⁇ 30 ° C.
  • the curve indicated by the symbol A2 represents the impedance spectrum when the temperature of the main battery 10 is ⁇ 20 ° C.
  • a curve A3 represents an impedance spectrum when the temperature of the main battery 10 is ⁇ 15 ° C.
  • a curve A4 represents an impedance spectrum when the temperature of the main battery 10 is ⁇ 10 ° C.
  • a curve indicated by A5 represents an impedance spectrum when the temperature of the main battery 10 is ⁇ 5 ° C.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a region indicated by reference symbol S in FIG.
  • the impedance of the main battery 10 changes according to the frequency, and the change in the impedance accompanying the change in the frequency is an impedance spectrum.
  • the resonance frequency is a frequency at which the impedance of the main battery 10 has an extreme value.
  • FIG. 5 shows extreme impedance lines connecting the resonance frequencies on the impedance spectrum at each temperature. As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, the impedance decreases as the frequency approaches the resonance frequency, and the impedance increases as the frequency moves away from the resonance frequency. When the temperature of the main battery 10 changes, the impedance spectrum of the main battery 10 also changes, and the resonance frequency also changes.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of resonance frequency information in which the resonance frequency of the main battery 10 is associated with the temperature. As shown in FIG. 6, when the temperature of the main battery 10 is ⁇ 30 ° C., the resonance frequency is 6.1 kHz. When the temperature of the main battery 10 is 0 ° C., the resonance frequency is 1.0 kHz. Other relationships between the temperature and the resonance frequency are as shown in the figure. Note that the numerical values shown in FIG. 6 are merely examples, and are not limited to the example in FIG.
  • the storage unit 54 can store resonance frequency information in which the resonance frequency of the main battery 10 is associated with the temperature.
  • the storage unit 54 can store an impedance spectrum (impedance characteristics, for example, an impedance value that changes according to a resonance frequency and a temperature) of the main battery 10 as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the control unit 61 charges and discharges the main battery 10 based on the temperature of the main battery 10 acquired by the temperature acquisition unit 53 and the resonance frequency information stored in the storage unit 54 before operating the DC / DC converter 30.
  • the charge / discharge cycle can be determined.
  • the control unit 61 can determine 1 ms, which is the reciprocal of 1 kHz, as the charge / discharge cycle.
  • the main battery 10 can be charged and discharged in the charging and discharging cycle corresponding to the frequency at which the inductance component of the main battery 10 is small, and the temperature of the main battery 10 can be efficiently raised.
  • the charging / discharging parameter setting unit 62 has a function as a setting unit, and presets charging / discharging parameters based on parameters of the main battery 10 necessary for setting the charging / discharging parameters of the main battery 10.
  • the charge / discharge current is a physical quantity that contributes to the heat generation of the main battery 10. If the resistance component of the impedance Z of the main battery 10 is R and the charge / discharge current is I, the heat generation amount is (I square ⁇ R). Proportional.
  • the charge / discharge current I may be increased within an allowable range.
  • the charge / discharge parameter can be a parameter that can increase the charge / discharge current within an allowable range.
  • the parameters of the main battery 10 are parameters necessary for setting the charge / discharge parameters in advance (that is, setting the charge / discharge parameters before the controller 50 operates the DC / DC converter 30).
  • the control unit 61 controls the switching operation of the FETs 31 and 32 based on the charging / discharging parameters set by the charging / discharging parameter setting unit 62 to control the charging / discharging of the main battery 10.
  • the main battery 10 is charged / discharged based on a preset charging / discharging parameter, so that, for example, Since there is no need to detect the flowing current and perform the charge / discharge operation by performing feedback control on the detected current, there is no delay in the processing associated with the feedback control. In addition, unstable operation due to transient fluctuation of the current of the secondary battery due to speeding up the feedback control processing does not occur.
  • the charge / discharge operation by the controller 50 can be started using the set charge / discharge parameters, so that the time required for the temperature of the main battery 10 to reach the target value is shortened (or Thus, the rate of temperature rise of the main battery 10 can be improved.
  • the charge / discharge parameter setting unit 62 can set the duty ratio of the FETs 31 and 32 of the DC / DC converter 30 as a charge / discharge parameter.
  • the charging current and the discharging current flowing to the main battery 10 can be changed according to the duty ratio of the FETs 31 and 32.
  • the duty ratio By setting the duty ratio according to the required charging / discharging current, the temperature rising speed or the temperature rising time of the main battery 10 can be improved.
  • the charge / discharge parameter setting unit 62 can set the duty ratio of the FET 31 (step-down duty ratio D1).
  • the charge / discharge parameter setting unit 62 can set the duty ratio of the FET 32 (the duty ratio D2 on the boosting side).
  • the temperature rising speed (or temperature rising time) of the main battery 10 can be improved according to the required charging current and discharging current of the main battery 10.
  • OCV1 is the open voltage of the main battery 10
  • R is the resistance component (real component) of the impedance Z of the main battery 10
  • I is the charge / discharge current of the main battery 10.
  • the step-up side duty ratio D2 ⁇ V2- (OCV1 + I ⁇ R) ⁇ / V2. can do.
  • the voltage drop on the sub-battery 20 side can be ignored, the voltage drop can be considered.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the correlation between the open voltage of the main battery 10 and the charging rate.
  • the horizontal axis represents the open circuit voltage (OCV), and the vertical axis represents the state of charge (SOC).
  • OCV open circuit voltage
  • SOC state of charge
  • FIG. 7 as the charging rate of the main battery 10 increases, the open-circuit voltage increases.
  • the correlation between the open-circuit voltage and the charging rate illustrated in FIG. 7 may be stored in the storage unit 54, or may be calculated by an arithmetic circuit.
  • the control unit 61 can calculate (estimate) the open-circuit voltage OCV1 of the main battery 10 using the state of charge (SOC) calculated based on the charging / discharging history of the main battery 10. Further, the control unit 61 can calculate the resistance component R of the impedance Z of the main battery 10 based on the information as shown in FIGS.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the charging current of the main battery 10 and the duty ratio D1 on the step-down side.
  • the horizontal axis indicates the charging current
  • the vertical axis indicates the duty ratio.
  • the required step-down duty ratio D1 can be set according to the current required to raise the temperature of the main battery 10 to the target temperature within the required time.
  • the duty ratio D1 on the step-down side may be increased as the target current increases.
  • numerical values such as 0.51, 0.52, 0.53, 0.54, and 0.55 can be used, but the present invention is not limited to these numerical values.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the discharge current of the main battery 10 and the duty ratio D2 on the boost side.
  • the horizontal axis indicates the charging current
  • the vertical axis indicates the duty ratio.
  • the required boost duty ratio D2 can be set according to the current required to raise the temperature of the main battery 10 to the target temperature within the required time.
  • the duty ratio D2 on the boosting side may be reduced as the target current increases.
  • numerical values such as 0.49, 0.48, 0.47, 0.46, and 0.45 can be used, but are not limited to these numerical values.
  • the temperature of the main battery 10 is detected, and the duty ratio D1 on the step-down side and the duty ratio D2 on the step-up side are set in advance.
  • the configuration is such that the main battery 10 is charged and discharged using the set duty ratios D1 and D2 until the battery 10 reaches the target temperature, but is not limited to this.
  • the temperature of the main battery 10 may be sequentially detected, and the preset duty ratio D1 on the step-down side and the duty ratio D2 on the step-up side may be adjusted.
  • the temperature acquisition unit 53 has a function as a detection unit that detects the state of the main battery 10, and acquires the temperature of the main battery 10.
  • the state of the main battery 10 is a state that affects the change of the preset charging / discharging parameters (the duty ratio D1 on the step-down side and the duty ratio D2 on the step-up side). But not limited to temperature.
  • the charge / discharge parameter adjustment unit 63 has a function as an adjustment unit, and can adjust the charge / discharge parameters of the main battery 10 according to the state of the main battery 10.
  • the charge / discharge parameter adjustment unit 63 can adjust the duty ratio D1 on the step-down side and the duty ratio D2 on the step-up side, and can adjust the charge / discharge current of the main battery 10.
  • the charging / discharging parameter can be adjusted, and a decrease in the rate of temperature rise of the main battery 10 can be suppressed.
  • parameters (for example, voltage, impedance, and the like) of the main battery 10 fluctuate according to the temperature of the main battery 10. Since the charge / discharge parameter adjustment unit 63 can adjust the charge / discharge parameters of the main battery 10 according to the temperature of the main battery 10, even if a state where a preset charge / discharge parameter changes occurs, The charge / discharge parameters can be adjusted, and a decrease in the rate of temperature rise of the main battery 10 (or a prolonged temperature rise time) can be suppressed.
  • FIGS. 10A, 10B, and 10C are schematic diagrams showing an example of the voltage waveform of the sub-battery 20.
  • FIG. 10A the voltage of the sub-battery 20 varies with the charging and discharging of the main battery 10.
  • the voltage of the sub-battery 20 changes between the upper limit value and the lower limit value (for example, the average voltage is 20 V).
  • the average voltage is reduced to 2 V, and the voltage of the sub-battery 20 is lower than the lower limit, as compared with the state of FIG. 10A. In this case, it is necessary to charge the sub-battery 20 in order to suppress overdischarge.
  • the charging / discharging cycle adjusting unit 64 has a function as a ratio adjusting unit, and can adjust the ratio between the charging period and the discharging period in the charging / discharging cycle of the main battery 10 according to the voltage of the sub-battery 20. .
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a method of adjusting the charging period and the discharging period in the charging / discharging cycle of the main battery 10.
  • the charging and discharging cycle is Tc
  • the charging period (Buck) and the discharging period (Boost) are each Tc / 2. That is, the charging period and the discharging period are the same.
  • the charging period (Buck) is Tc / 2 + ⁇ Tc
  • the discharging period (Boost) is Tc / 2 ⁇ Tc.
  • the charging period (Buck) is Tc / 2 ⁇ Tc
  • the discharging period (Boost) is Tc / 2 + ⁇ Tc.
  • the sub-battery 20 can be used in an appropriate state. .
  • EDLC electric double layer capacitor
  • the charge / discharge parameter adjustment unit 63 can adjust the charge / discharge parameters of the main battery 10 according to the voltage of the sub-battery 20. For example, as shown in FIG. 10B, when the voltage of the sub-battery 20 becomes higher than the upper limit value, the charge / discharge parameter can be adjusted so as to lower the voltage of the sub-battery 20. For example, the charge current of the main battery 10 increases (or the discharge current of the sub-battery 20 increases), or the discharge current of the main battery 10 decreases (or the charge current of the sub-battery 20 decreases). As a result, at least one of the duty ratio D1 on the step-down side and the duty ratio D2 on the step-up side can be adjusted.
  • the charge / discharge parameter can be adjusted so as to increase the voltage of the sub-battery 20.
  • the charge current of the main battery 10 decreases (or the discharge current of the sub-battery 20 decreases), or the discharge current of the main battery 10 increases (or the charge current of the sub-battery 20 decreases).
  • At increase at least one of the step-down side duty ratio D1 and the step-up side duty ratio D2 can be adjusted.
  • the sub-battery 20 can be used in an appropriate state. .
  • EDLC electric double layer capacitor
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure of the controller 50.
  • the controller 50 acquires the temperature of the main battery 10 (S11).
  • the temperature can be obtained by obtaining the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 13.
  • the controller 50 specifies a charge / discharge cycle of the main battery 10 (S12).
  • the charge / discharge cycle can be determined from the resonance frequency of the main battery 10 based on the acquired temperature. Note that the charge / discharge cycle can be determined in advance.
  • the controller 50 specifies the impedance of the main battery 10 based on the acquired temperature (S13).
  • the controller 50 specifies the voltage V1 of the main battery 10 and the voltage V2 of the sub battery 20 (S14).
  • the controller 50 sets the duty ratio D1 on the step-down side (S15), and sets the duty ratio D2 on the step-up side (S16).
  • the controller 50 starts charging / discharging of the main battery 10 (S17), and determines whether the temperature of the main battery 10 has reached a target value (S18).
  • the controller 50 determines whether the state of the main battery 10 has changed (S19).
  • the state of the main battery 10 can be the temperature of the main battery 10.
  • the temperature change determined to have a state change may be, for example, a temperature change to a certain extent that it is necessary to adjust (reset) at least one of the step-down side duty ratio D1 and the step-up side duty ratio D2. .
  • the controller 50 performs the processing from step S15. In this case, at least one of steps S15 and S16 may be performed. Thereby, at least one of the step-down side duty ratio D1 and the step-up side duty ratio D2 can be adjusted (reset).
  • controller 50 performs the processing in step S18. If the temperature of main battery 10 has reached the target value (YES in S18), controller 50 ends the process.
  • the controller 50 of the present embodiment can also be realized using a general-purpose computer including a CPU (processor), a RAM (memory), and the like. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, a computer program that defines the procedure of each process is loaded into a RAM (memory) provided in the computer, and the computer program is executed by a CPU (processor). Alternatively, the processing unit 60 can be realized.
  • the present embodiment it is possible to prevent a delay associated with feedback control and to achieve faster switching between charge and discharge as compared with a conventional DC / DC converter that performs feedback control of current or voltage. That is, the charge / discharge cycle can be shortened. Further, it is possible to avoid occurrence of a transient excessive current due to overshoot or the like due to excessive feedback control.
  • the DC / DC converter 30 has a configuration including two FETs.
  • the configuration is not limited to this.
  • a configuration including four FETs may be used.
  • the controller 50 is described as an example of the secondary battery temperature raising device, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the secondary battery temperature raising device may be configured to include any or all of the main battery 10, the sub-battery 20, and the DC / DC converter 30 in addition to the controller 50.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Le dispositif d'augmentation de température de batterie rechargeable comprend : une unité de réglage pour prédéfinir des paramètres de charge/décharge sur la base de paramètres d'une batterie rechargeable nécessaire pour régler les paramètres de charge/décharge de la batterie rechargeable ; et une partie de commande pour commander la charge/décharge de la batterie rechargeable sur la base des paramètres de charge/décharge définis par l'unité de réglage.
PCT/JP2019/031163 2018-09-05 2019-08-07 Dispositif d'augmentation de température de batterie rechargeable, programme informatique et procédé d'augmentation de température de batterie rechargeable WO2020049943A1 (fr)

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JP2018-166179 2018-09-05

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113733986A (zh) * 2020-05-29 2021-12-03 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池自加热装置及其控制方法和车辆
WO2023123775A1 (fr) * 2021-12-27 2023-07-06 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Procédé et appareil de commande de chauffage de batterie, et dispositif électronique
CN116505139A (zh) * 2023-06-30 2023-07-28 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池加热控制方法、装置、电子设备及电池加热电路

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012135085A (ja) * 2010-12-20 2012-07-12 Nippon Soken Inc バッテリ昇温システム
JP2015125880A (ja) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-06 川崎重工業株式会社 蓄電デバイスの温度制御装置及び方法、並びに電力貯蔵システム

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012135085A (ja) * 2010-12-20 2012-07-12 Nippon Soken Inc バッテリ昇温システム
JP2015125880A (ja) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-06 川崎重工業株式会社 蓄電デバイスの温度制御装置及び方法、並びに電力貯蔵システム

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113733986A (zh) * 2020-05-29 2021-12-03 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池自加热装置及其控制方法和车辆
WO2023123775A1 (fr) * 2021-12-27 2023-07-06 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Procédé et appareil de commande de chauffage de batterie, et dispositif électronique
CN116505139A (zh) * 2023-06-30 2023-07-28 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池加热控制方法、装置、电子设备及电池加热电路
CN116505139B (zh) * 2023-06-30 2024-03-29 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池加热控制方法、装置、电子设备及电池加热电路

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