WO2020048573A1 - Base d'éolienne - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2020048573A1
WO2020048573A1 PCT/DK2019/050260 DK2019050260W WO2020048573A1 WO 2020048573 A1 WO2020048573 A1 WO 2020048573A1 DK 2019050260 W DK2019050260 W DK 2019050260W WO 2020048573 A1 WO2020048573 A1 WO 2020048573A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tension stay
foundation
tension
wind turbine
container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2019/050260
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gerner Larsen
Gunnar K. Storgaard Pedersen
Ivar J.B.K. JENSEN
Christian Skov FREDERIKSEN
Original Assignee
Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vestas Wind Systems A/S filed Critical Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Publication of WO2020048573A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020048573A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/20—Side-supporting means therefor, e.g. using guy ropes or struts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tension stay foundation element for a wind turbine, a tension stay foundation assembly and a method of installing the same.
  • renewable energy sources such as wind turbines
  • wind turbines are now being designed and manufactured to yield increased “per unit” power outputs. This is principally achieved in two ways, firstly, by increasing the size of the turbine blades and rotor to increase turbine capacity, and secondly, by placing the turbine blades higher in the atmosphere so that they are able to access a more steady supply of wind.
  • towers can be made solely of steel, concrete or a combination of the two materials in what is known as a hybrid tower with a concrete lower portion and a steel upper portion. Towers may have a height ranging from 75m to 160m or more. This height can lead to issues with tower stiffness.
  • the concrete lower portion of hybrid wind turbine towers are typically stiffened by internal tension stays which ensures that the concrete is in compression at all times as concrete does not provide much structural integrity when under tension.
  • tall towers may benefit from external tension stays at a stay cable angle of about 45° to improve the bending characteristics of the tower.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a way of alleviating at least some of the aforementioned issues.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides a tension stay foundation element for a wind turbine comprising a containerwith an internal cavity configured to receive ballast when disposed at site, and an anchor coupled to the container and configured to secure a tension stay for a wind turbine tower, wherein the tension stay foundation element is disposable at site separate from a wind turbine tower foundation.
  • tension stay is used herein to refer to an anchoring tether, or tendon, having a high axial stiffness so as to induce a compressive load on the wind turbine tower structure to which it is attached.
  • tension stay is well known in the art of wind turbine systems.
  • the tension stay foundation element may be a permanent foundation element, permanently sited.
  • the foundation element may be a temporary foundation element, temporarily sited.
  • the container Prior to loading with ballast, the container is advantageously lightweight, easy to transport and arrange in place at a desired site.
  • the container may comprise a base and at least one sidewall defining the internal cavity.
  • the container may be a trapezoidal prism shape or a rectangular prism shape.
  • the container may have a circular cross-section or any other suitable shape.
  • the container may be pre-formed and transportable to site.
  • the container may be configured to sit on the ground when disposed at site, substantially at ground level.
  • the container may be configured to be at least partially submerged in the ground, below ground level.
  • the anchor may be at least partially located within the container.
  • the anchor may be located substantially at a centre-point of the container.
  • centre- point is used herein to refer to a location corresponding to the centre of mass of the container.
  • the anchor may comprise a tension stay connection, or any other suitable connectors or fasteners to engage the tension stay.
  • the anchor may comprise an upstanding arm with the tension stay connection to engage the tension stay.
  • the tension stay connection may protrude above the container.
  • the upstanding arm may have a position to secure the tension stay at a desired angle to the wind turbine tower.
  • the upstanding arm may be movable to a position according to the desired angle of the tension stay.
  • the upstanding arm may comprise one or more upstanding arm portions.
  • the anchor may further comprise a cross-bar extending between opposing sidewalls of the container and a joint coupling the upstanding arm and the cross-bar.
  • the joint may be a pivotal joint to allow for rotation between the upstanding arm and the cross-bar.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a tension stay foundation assembly comprising a plurality of tension stay foundation elements according to the first aspect of the invention and ballast received within each container of the plurality of tension stay foundation elements.
  • the plurality of tension stay foundation elements may be disposed radially about the wind turbine tower foundation.
  • the plurality of tension stay foundation elements may be disposed substantially encircling the wind turbine tower foundation.
  • the plurality of tension stay foundation elements may be spaced apart from the wind turbine tower foundation.
  • the ballast is provided to achieve a weighting effect. By using ballast, the manufacturing and installing of the tension stay foundation element is cheaper and faster.
  • the ballast may comprise ground materials.
  • the ballast may comprise gravel.
  • the ballast may comprise rock.
  • the ballast may comprise low-cost waste materials.
  • the ballast may be local to site.
  • the tension stay foundation assembly may further comprise an excavated pit. At least part of each container of the plurality of tension stay foundation elements may be submerged within the excavated pit.
  • a third aspect of the invention provides a wind turbine system comprising a wind turbine tower, a plurality of tension stays and a tension stay foundation assembly according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein a first end of each tension stay is connected to the wind turbine tower and a second end of each tension stay is connected to the anchor of a respective tension stay foundation element.
  • the wind turbine tower may comprise concrete.
  • the wind turbine tower may comprise steel.
  • the wind turbine tower may comprise concrete substitute material.
  • a lower part of the wind turbine tower comprises concrete and an upper part of the tower comprises steel.
  • the plurality of tension stays provides compression of the concrete in the lower part and stability against bending forces.
  • the plurality of tension stays may be made from steel.
  • the plurality of tension stays may comprise a composite material exhibiting a high tensile strength.
  • the composite material may be a carbon fibre reinforced composite.
  • the composite material may be a glass fibre reinforced composite and/or an aramid fibre reinforced composite.
  • the plurality of tension stays may be made from a high tensile strength polymer material, such as Nylon.
  • the wind turbine may be an on-shore wind turbine.
  • on-shore is used herein to refer to a location situated on or near to the shore. This may include areas such as rivers or shorelines but will be considered to exclude any deep, open water areas such as locations in the middle of oceans or other comparable open water areas, such as large lakes.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention provides a method of installing a tension stay foundation assembly for a wind turbine comprising the steps of providing a plurality of tension stay foundation elements, each element comprising a container with an internal cavity and an anchor, disposing the tension stay foundation elements separate from a wind turbine tower foundation and filling the internal cavity of each container with ballast.
  • the method may further comprise the steps of manufacturing the plurality of tension stay foundation elements off site and transporting the plurality of tension stay foundation elements to site.
  • the method may further comprise the steps of excavating a section of ground to form an excavated pit and installing the plurality of tension stay foundation elements within the excavated pit such that at least part of each container is submerged within the excavated pit.
  • the method may comprise filling the internal cavity with ground materials.
  • the method may comprise filling the internal cavity with gravel.
  • the method may comprise filling the internal cavity with rock.
  • the method may comprise filling the internal cavity with low cost waste materials.
  • the method may comprise filling the internal cavity with ballast local to site.
  • the method may comprise disposing the tension stay foundation elements radially about the wind turbine tower foundation.
  • the method may comprise disposing the tension stay foundation elements substantially encircling the wind turbine tower foundation.
  • the method may comprise disposing the tension stay foundation elements spaced apart from the wind turbine tower foundation.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention provides a method of installing a wind turbine system comprising the steps of providing a wind turbine tower and a plurality of tension stays, installing a tension stay foundation assembly for a wind turbine according to the fourth aspect of the invention, attaching respective first ends of each tension stay to the wind turbine tower and attaching respective second ends of each tension stay to the anchor of a respective tension stay foundation element.
  • a sixth aspect of the invention provides a method of de-constructing a tension stay foundation assembly according to the second aspect of the invention comprising extracting ballast from the internal cavity of each container, and removing the plurality of tension stay foundation elements from site.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a wind turbine system having the tension stay foundation assembly according to one example
  • Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of the tension stay foundation assembly according to one example
  • Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of a tension stay foundation element according to one example
  • Figures 4 to 8 illustrate a method of installing a tension stay foundation assembly according to the illustrated examples.
  • Figures 9 to 12 illustrate a method of installing a wind turbine system onto the tension stay foundation assembly according to the illustrated examples.
  • Figure 1 shows a wind turbine system 1 utilising an example of a tension stay foundation assembly according to the present invention.
  • the wind turbine system 1 comprises a wind turbine 2 including a nacelle 3 supported on a tower 10 which is mounted on a wind turbine tower foundation 12.
  • the nacelle 3 supports a rotor 4 comprising a hub 5 to which three blades 6, 7, 8 are attached.
  • the wind turbine 2 is the common type of horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) such that the rotor 4 is mounted at the nacelle 3 to rotate about a substantially horizontal axis defined at the centre at the hub 5.
  • HAWT horizontal axis wind turbine
  • VAWT vertical axis wind turbine
  • the tower 10 comprises an upper member 10a, a lower member 10b and a joint member 10c located therebetween, coupling the upper 10a and lower 10b members.
  • the upper member 10a and the joint member 10c are made from steel, or other similar materials, due to its beneficial tensile properties whereas the lower member 10b is made from concrete, or concrete substitute materials, due to its beneficial properties in compression.
  • the tower 10 may be made entirely from steel, entirely from concrete, or may be made from any other suitable material, or combination of suitable materials.
  • the tower 10 illustrated in Figure 1 is formed from multiple member sections, it shall be appreciated that the tower 10 may alternatively be formed as a unitary structure.
  • the wind turbine system 1 further comprises a plurality of tension stays 20a-e, configured so as to induce a compression at the lower member 10b of the tower 10.
  • the plurality of tension stays 20a-e are attached at respective first ends 21a- e to the joint member 10c of the tower 10 and are attached at respective second ends 22a-e to a plurality of respective tension stay foundation elements 30a-e which form part of the tension stay foundation assembly 30.
  • the first ends 21 a-e of the plurality of tension stays 20a-e may alternatively be attached to the lower member 10b of the tower 10, or may be attached at any other suitable point.
  • the tension stay foundation assembly 30 typically comprises sixteen tension stay foundation elements coupled to respective tension stays. However, for clarity and conciseness, only five of the tension stay foundation elements 30a-e and associated tension stays 20a-e shall be referenced and described in this application. It shall also be noted that in other examples more than sixteen, or fewer than sixteen, tension stays and tension stay foundation elements may be used, although typically the number of tension stays and associated tension stay foundation elements will be no fewer than three. In embodiments the number of tension stays are a multiple of three, for example three, six, nine, twelve, fifteen, eighteen, twenty-one or twenty-four.
  • the number of tension stays are an uneven number from three and upwards, for example three, five, seven, nine, eleven, thirteen, fifteen, seventeen, nineteen, twenty-one or twenty-three.
  • Each tension stay 20a-e is typically made from steel.
  • the plurality of tension stays may alternatively comprise a composite material exhibiting a high tensile strength such as carbon fibre reinforced composite or a different fibre reinforcement, such as glass fibre or aramid fibre or high tensile strength polymer materials, such as Nylon.
  • the tension stay foundation assembly 30 is shown in greater detail in Figure 2. As has been mentioned previously, the tension stay foundation assembly 30 comprises a plurality of tension stay foundation elements 30a-e, which are disposed separately to the wind turbine tower foundation 12.
  • the tension stay foundation elements 30a-e are arranged radially about, and spaced from, the wind turbine tower foundation 12.
  • the plurality of tension stay foundation elements 30a-e are disposed in a ring substantially encircling the wind turbine tower foundation 12, with each tension stay foundation element 30a-e is spaced from the wind turbine tower foundation 12.
  • the tension stay foundation elements 30a-e may be spaced from the wind turbine tower foundation 12 by one or more spacer bars so as to maintain a predetermined distance.
  • the tension stay foundation elements may alternatively be configured to abut the wind turbine tower foundation, or in a further alternative, may be disposed in any other suitable orientation, separate from the wind turbine tower foundation 12.
  • the tension stay foundation elements 30a-e are configured such that the tension stays extend from the tower 10 and are secured to the respective tension stay foundation elements 30a-e at a desired tension stay angle with respect to the tower 10.
  • the tension stay angle is selected to achieve an appropriate compressive and stabilising effect on the tower 10.
  • the tension stay angle may range between 10 and 45 degrees.
  • the tension stay foundation element 30a comprises a container 31a and an anchor 40a coupled to the container 31 a for securing a respective tension stay 20a of the wind turbine system 1.
  • the container 31a is made up of a base 32a and a plurality of sidewalls 33a-36a which define an internal cavity 37a within the container 31 a, configured to receive ballast.
  • the container 31a is typically a trapezoidal or rectangular prism shape no larger than 3m wide, 7.2m long and 3m in height. These dimensions correspond to standard dimensions for haulage on a flatbed trailer.
  • tension stay foundation elements 30a-e are typically pre-formed as individual modular units off-site to be later assembled on-site to form the tension stay foundation assembly 30, their smaller size and lower weight enables the individual tension stay foundation elements 30a-e to be easily transported to site, and around site, using standard road haulage means. This has the advantage of further reducing on-site installation times when installing the wind turbine system 1.
  • the container 31 a may be substantially circular comprising a single sidewall, or may alternatively be any suitable shape.
  • the container 31a is made from concrete and/or steel. However, it shall be appreciated that the container 31a may be made from any other suitable materials.
  • the container 31 a is an intermodal container which is a standardized shipping container built for intermodal freight transport.
  • Such containers are available worldwide and of a standardized size which enables local sourcing and foundation standardization.
  • the container is modified to be suitable for the present application by for example removing the top of the container and attaching means for attachment of the tension stay 20a.
  • the container may also be an open top container in which case removal of the top is unnecessary.
  • the most common size of these containers are twenty, forty or fifty-three feet standard length, but other formats are available and can be used dependent on the installation requirements.
  • the anchor 40a comprises means for attachment of the tension stay 20a in the form of a cross-bar 42a located within the internal cavity 37a of the container 31 a.
  • the cross-bar 42a extends between a pair of opposing sidewalls 34a, 36a and is secured to each sidewall 34a, 36a respectively via welding, or any other suitable securing means.
  • the anchor 40a further comprises an upstanding arm 44a coupled to the cross-bar 42a.
  • the upstanding arm comprises a first end 46a proximal to the cross-bar 42a and a second end 48a distal from the cross-bar 42a.
  • the upstanding arm 44a is oriented substantially upright to the cross-bar 42a.
  • the upstanding arm 44a is positioned to secure the tension stay 20a at a desired tension stay angle relative to the wind turbine tower 10, and a joint 49a for coupling the upstanding arm 44a with the cross-bar 42a.
  • the upstanding arm 44a and the cross-bar 42a are made from a steel material. However, it shall be appreciated that other suitable materials may be used.
  • the joint 49a is a pivotal joint comprising a through-hole which extends through a first end 46a of the upstanding arm 44a, proximal to the cross-bar 42a, and is configured to receive the cross-bar 42a so as to allow rotation between the upstanding arm 44a and the cross-bar 42a.
  • the joint 49a may be any other suitable pivotal, or non-pivotal joint.
  • a pivotal joint 49a between the cross-bar 42a and the upstanding arm 44a allows the position of the upstanding arm 44a to be varied by rotating the upstanding arm 44a freely or between set points dependant on the tension stay angle required by the wind turbine system 1. Therefore, the pivotal joint 44a enables the tension stay foundation element 30a to be used with a variety of different wind turbine systems having different tension stay angle requirements without the need for modifying the manufacturing process and without requiring substantial alteration of the tension stay foundation element 30a to be performed on-site. This provides the tension stay foundation element 30a with greater adaptability for use on different wind turbine system designs and also helps to reduce on-site installation times, since adjustment time is also reduced.
  • the second end 48a of the upstanding arm 44a comprises a tension stay connection 50a configured to engage with a respective tension stay 20a of the wind turbine system 1.
  • the tension stay connection 50a comprises a through-hole sized to receive the tension stay.
  • the tension stay connection 50a can comprise any suitable connector or fastening means.
  • the upstanding arm 44a is sized such that the tension stay connection 50a protrudes above the top edge of the container 31 a.
  • the tension stay connection 50a may be located within the container 31a, below the top edge of the container 31a.
  • the upstanding arm 44a may be omitted with the tension stay connection 50a being located on the cross-bar 42a.
  • the anchor 40a may comprise an upstanding arm 44a with the cross bar 42a being omitted.
  • the upstanding arm 44a may be secured to a base 32a or to one of the plurality of sidewalls 33a-36a of the container 31 a.
  • the upstanding arm 44a may comprise a single upstanding arm portion or multiple upstanding arm portions. The multiple upstanding arm portions may each be coupled to respective sidewalls 33a-36a of the container 31 a.
  • the upstanding arm 44a may comprise a pair of upstanding arm portions disposed on opposing sidewalls of the container 31a.
  • both the cross-bar 42a and the upstanding arm 44a may be omitted and the anchor 40a may comprise a tension stay connection 50a located on the base 32a within the internal cavity, or one of the sidewalls 33a-36a of the container 31 a external or internal to the internal cavity.
  • the anchor 40a is preferably located substantially at a centre-point of the container 31 a. This provides the advantage of reducing moments acting on the tension stay foundation element 30a when securing the respective tension stay 20a, and therefore enables the tension stay foundation element 30a to better secure the respective tension stay 20a.
  • each tension stay foundation element 30a-e can be sufficiently ballasted with less or lighter ballast, such as soil.
  • a method of installing a tension stay foundation assembly 30 shall now be described with reference to Figures 4 to 12.
  • a section of ground 52 is excavated using an excavator 53, or any other suitable means, to form an excavated pit 54.
  • the excavated pit 54 typically has a diameter in the region of 40m, corresponding to the desired diameter of the completed tension stay foundation assembly 30, and a depth of 3.2m, thereby ensuring that each container 31 a-e of the tension stay foundation assembly 30 is completely submerged within the excavated pit 54 upon installation.
  • the excavated pit 54 may be shallower such that each container 31 a-e of the tension stay foundation assembly 30 is only partially submerged within the excavated pit 54.
  • the excavated pit 54 may be omitted entirely and each container 31a-e may be mounted directly on the ground.
  • the wind turbine tower foundation 12 is installed at a central location within the excavated pit 54 via a crane 55, or any other suitable lifting means, as illustrated in Figure 5.
  • the wind turbine tower foundation 12 typically comprises two modular foundation sections 12a, b which are each typically no larger than 3.6m wide, 7.2m long and 3.5m in height.
  • the dimensions of the foundation sections 12a, b correspond to standard dimensions for haulage on a flatbed trailer.
  • the foundation sections 12a, b are typically manufactured off site as individual elements before being transported to site prior to installation, thereby helping to further reduce on site installation times.
  • the wind turbine tower foundation 12 may be any other suitable foundation type and may be manufactured on-site.
  • the plurality of foundation elements 30a-e are disposed individually and separately from the wind turbine tower foundation 12.
  • the plurality of foundation elements 30a-e are individually disposed radially about and spaced from the wind turbine tower foundation 12 in a ring substantially encircling the wind turbine tower foundation 12.
  • the foundation elements 30a-e may be spaced from the wind turbine tower foundation using one or more spacer bar so as to maintain a predetermined distance.
  • the plurality of foundation elements 30a-e may abut the wind turbine tower foundation or be disposed in any other suitable orientation.
  • the foundation elements 30a-e The container 31 a-e of each of the respective tension stay foundation elements 30a-e is typically manufactured from steel off site and then transported to the site prior to installation.
  • the container 31 a-e of each tension stay foundation element 30a-e may be manufactured using concrete, with each container 31a-e being pre-cast off-site prior to being transported to site for installation. Manufacturing the containers 31 a-e off-site provides the advantage of significantly reducing on-site installation times.
  • a further advantage of using loadable and individual containers for each foundation element 30a-e is that they are comparatively smaller and lighter weight when compared to the conventional unitary foundation.
  • the anchor 40a may be coupled to the container before or after transporting the container to site, or before or after disposing the container in the desired position on site.
  • each foundation element 30a-e is typically manufactured off site comprising the container 31 a-e and cross-bar 42a-e.
  • the upstanding arm 44a-e is then attached to each respective foundation element 30a-e after the plurality of foundation elements 30a-e have been installed within the excavated pit 54, as shown in Figure 7.
  • the upstanding arms 44a-e may be pre-formed off-site with the upstanding arm 44a-e.
  • the upstanding arm may be moveable between a storage position and a securing position. In the securing position, the upstanding arm is able to secure the tension stay.
  • each of the respective upstanding arms 44a-e have been attached to the respective cross-bars 42a-e of the plurality of foundation elements 30a-e, they are pivoted to a securing position.
  • the securing position is typically determined by the desired tension stay angle of the tension stay relative to the wind turbine tower 10.
  • the internal cavities 37a-e of each container 31 a-e of the plurality of foundation elements 30a-e are filled with ballast 60a-e using a tipper truck 59, or other suitable means, as illustrated in Figure 8.
  • Each tension stay foundation element 30a-e is filled with enough ballast 60a-e to provide a sufficient weighting effect.
  • the tension stay foundation element is preferably able to counteract a tension stay force of approximately 160 Tonnes during use.
  • the ballast 60a-e in the illustrated example comprises ground materials located local to the site.
  • the ballast 60a-e comprises ground material excavated from the excavated pit 54.
  • the ballast 60a-e may instead be in the form of gravel, rock, low cost waste materials or any combination thereof. This provides the advantage of reducing installation times since such materials do not require time to cure and are located proximal to the installation site, thereby reducing transport time. Such materials are also cheap and readily available, which also helps to reduce the cost of installation when compared with other known methods.
  • the completed tension stay foundation assembly 30 comprising the plurality of tension stay foundation elements 30a-e and ballast 60a-e received with the respective internal cavities 37a-e of each container 31a-e is illustrated in Figure 9.
  • the containers of the foundation elements 30a-e are submerged within the excavated pit 54 and covered by ground materials and/or other ballast materials.
  • the tension stay connections 50a-e of the upstanding arms 44a-e protrude above the ground materials and/or other ballast materials to enable access to the tension stay connections 50a-e for connection of the tension stays 20a-e.
  • the tension stays can be connected to each respective foundation element 30a-e after the loading of ballast 60a-e to the internal cavity 37a-e. This feature further improves installation process and times.
  • a wind turbine 2 can be installed to complete the installation of the wind turbine system 1.
  • the lower member 10b of the wind turbine tower 10 is installed onto the wind turbine tower foundation 12.
  • the lower member 10b of the tower is typically installed as a series of modular blocks which are stacked on top of each other, via the crane 55.
  • the joint member 10c is installed onto the lower member 10c using fasteners or any other suitable means.
  • the lower member 10b of the tower typically comprises fourteen modular concrete sections and therefore, due to its height, typically requires additional support before the upper member 10a can be fully installed. Therefore, once the joint member 10c has been installed, tension stays 70b-e are attached to the tower 10 to provide a provisional stabilising effect during installation. The tension stays sufficiently stabilise the lower member 10b of the tower 10 to allow the upper member 10a to be installed, as shown in Figure 1 1.
  • the tension stays 70b-e each have respective first ends 71 b-e which are attached to corresponding tension stay connectors (not shown) located at the joint member 10c, and respective second ends 72b-e which are attached to the respective tension stay connections 50b-e of the tension stay foundation assembly 30.
  • the upper member 10a of the tower 10 can be installed via crane 55.
  • the upper member 10a of the tower is also typically installed as a series of modular blocks which are stacked on top of each other, via the crane 55.
  • the upper 10a and lower 10b portions may be installed as single, unitary structures, or in a further alternative, a unitary wind turbine tower 10 may be provide comprising the upper 10a and lower 10b members.
  • tension stays 20a-e can be installed onto the corresponding tension stay connectors of the joint member 10c to induce a compressive load on the lower member 10b wind turbine tower 10 and provide stability during the operation of the wind turbine 2.
  • the number of tension stays 20a-e used during the operation of the wind turbine 2 is greater than the number of tension stays 70b-e used during the installation of the wind turbine 2.
  • the tension stays 70b-e used during the installation of the wind turbine 2 are subsequently detached and replaced by alternative tension stays 20a-e to provide the desired tension and stability during the operation of the wind turbine 2.
  • the tension stays 70b-e may be permanent tension stays which are left attached to the tower 10 during operation.
  • the containers are initially only partly filled with ballast such that the upstanding arms may rotate freely. Then the procedure is performed until the tension stays are installed and a preliminary tension is applied. Then the containers are filled with ballast and the tension stays are fully tension before the tower is completed.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the angle of the upstanding arms is self-regulating and forces will be in the longitudinal direction of the arm.
  • the wind turbine system 1 Upon decommissioning, the wind turbine system 1 can be de-constructed via removing the wind turbine components 2 and then removing the wind turbine foundation assembly 30 by extracting ballast 60 from the internal cavity 37a-e of each container 31 a-e.
  • the plurality of tension stay foundation elements 30a-e can then be removed from site.
  • the ballast comprises ground materials, gravel and/or rock. Therefore, the ballast 60 can be deposited at site following extraction from the respective containers 31a-e without causing detriment to the local environment.
  • ballast comprising ground materials, gravel and/or rock therefore has the benefit of improved ease of removal for the wind turbine foundation assembly during decommissioning, as well as improving the sustainability of the wind turbine foundation assembly since such materials can be deposited back into the local environment, or can be recycled for use in further wind turbine foundation assemblies (as well as other uses), without any additional processing of the ballast being required.

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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de base de support de tension pour une éolienne. L'élément de base de support de tension présente un contenant doté d'une cavité interne conçue pour recevoir du ballast lorsqu'elle est disposée au niveau d'un site. L'élément de base de support de tension présente également un élément d'ancrage accouplé au contenant et conçu pour fixer un support de tension pour une tour d'éolienne. L'élément de base de support de tension est jetable au niveau d'un site distinct d'une base de tour d'éolienne. La cavité interne peut ensuite être remplie avec du ballast pour fournir un ensemble de base de support de tension pour un support de tension d'une éolienne.
PCT/DK2019/050260 2018-09-06 2019-09-02 Base d'éolienne WO2020048573A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA201870576 2018-09-06
DKPA201870576 2018-09-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020048573A1 true WO2020048573A1 (fr) 2020-03-12

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PCT/DK2019/050260 WO2020048573A1 (fr) 2018-09-06 2019-09-02 Base d'éolienne

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WO (1) WO2020048573A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011005101A1 (fr) * 2009-06-12 2011-01-13 Seatower As Fondation pour un mât situé en mer
US20120068465A1 (en) * 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Freddy Dawoud Vertical axis wind turbine generator with sails
KR20130054562A (ko) * 2011-11-17 2013-05-27 주식회사 석강 개비온
WO2016116645A1 (fr) 2015-01-22 2016-07-28 Ingecid Investigación Y Desarrollo De Proyectos, S.L. Tour en béton
WO2017088042A1 (fr) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Tdm Technologies Inc. Dispositif d'ancrage de support de hauban

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011005101A1 (fr) * 2009-06-12 2011-01-13 Seatower As Fondation pour un mât situé en mer
US20120068465A1 (en) * 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Freddy Dawoud Vertical axis wind turbine generator with sails
KR20130054562A (ko) * 2011-11-17 2013-05-27 주식회사 석강 개비온
WO2016116645A1 (fr) 2015-01-22 2016-07-28 Ingecid Investigación Y Desarrollo De Proyectos, S.L. Tour en béton
WO2017088042A1 (fr) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Tdm Technologies Inc. Dispositif d'ancrage de support de hauban

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