WO2020048338A1 - Modular converter device, combined converter and control method - Google Patents

Modular converter device, combined converter and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020048338A1
WO2020048338A1 PCT/CN2019/102610 CN2019102610W WO2020048338A1 WO 2020048338 A1 WO2020048338 A1 WO 2020048338A1 CN 2019102610 W CN2019102610 W CN 2019102610W WO 2020048338 A1 WO2020048338 A1 WO 2020048338A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter
modular
output
switch
negative
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/102610
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谢晔源
王宇
张中锋
杨晨
盛晓东
田杰
曹冬明
Original Assignee
南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2020048338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020048338A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of high-power power electronic converters, and in particular to a modular converter, a combined converter, and a control method.
  • High-voltage and large-capacity power electronic devices are highly customizable, usually based on actual application design parameters. Once the topology is determined, the applicable parameter range of the entire device is determined.
  • the original device needs to be transformed, which is costly and difficult.
  • the length of ice melting lines is uncertain
  • the equivalent load resistance is uncertain
  • the working range of the device is higher. Therefore, there is a need for a more versatile power electronic device that can meet the needs of a higher working range without increasing too much cost.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a modular converter device including at least one two-stage converter, a positive switch and a negative switch.
  • the bipolar converter includes an AC-DC converter and a DC-DC converter.
  • the AC-DC converter is used for Realize the conversion of AC power and DC power;
  • the DC-DC converter is used to realize the amplitude conversion between DC power and DC power;
  • the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output terminal of the AC-DC converter;
  • One end of the switch is connected to the DC output positive electrode of the DC-DC converter, and the other end of the positive switch is used as the positive electrode of the modular converter;
  • one end of the negative switch is connected to the DC output negative electrode of the DC-DC converter.
  • the other end of the negative switch is used as the negative electrode of the modular converter.
  • the AC-DC converter includes a single-phase half-bridge converter, and the single-phase half-bridge converter includes at least two sets of power semiconductor switching devices and a capacitor.
  • the direct-to-direct converter includes two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters and isolation transformers, and the two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters include a first single-phase full-bridge converter and a second single-phase full-bridge converter Bridge converter, the DC input side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC input end of the direct-to-direct converter; the DC output side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter is the direct-to-direct conversion The DC output of the converter; the isolation transformer includes a primary side and a secondary side, the primary side is connected to the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter, and the secondary side is connected to the second single-phase The AC input side of the bridge converter is connected.
  • the DC-DC converter further includes an inductor and a capacitor connected in series, and the series-connected inductor and capacitor are connected on the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter to the Between the original edges.
  • the modular converter further includes a first bypass switch, and the first bypass switch is connected in parallel to an AC input port of the modular converter.
  • the modular converter further includes a second bypass switch, which is connected in parallel between a DC output positive electrode and a DC output negative electrode of the DC-DC converter.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a combined converter including N said modular converters and N-1 connection switches, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and said N modular converters
  • N is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and said N modular converters
  • the AC input ports are connected in series in sequence, and the leading end and the tail end are the AC input ports of the combined converter; the positive poles of the N modular converters are connected to form a positive DC output of the combined converter.
  • the negative terminals of the N modular converters are connected to form the DC output negative terminal of the combined converter; the DC output negative terminal of the first DC-DC converter is connected to the second through the first connection switch.
  • the DC output positive pole of the DC-DC converter is connected, the DC output negative pole of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output positive pole of the third DC-DC converter through the second connection switch, and the N-1th The DC output negative pole of the DC-DC converter is connected to the N-th DC output positive pole of the DC-DC converter through an N-1 connection switch.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a control method for a combined converter as described above.
  • the control method includes: based on an output of each of the modular converter devices.
  • the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is 0 to Uc.
  • U'c U 0 / m
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of the combined converter as described above.
  • the method includes: a modular converter that determines that a failure has occurred; and a failure that occurs when the lockout occurs AC-DC converter and DC-DC converter of the modular converter; adjust the output DC voltage of the modular converter to keep the output voltage of the combined converter stable.
  • control method further comprises: closing a first bypass switch and / or a second bypass switch of the modular converter having a fault.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a control method for a combined converter as described above.
  • the control method includes: based on an output voltage of each of the modular converter devices.
  • the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is 0 to Uc.
  • U'c U 0 / m
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a modular converter device, the device includes at least one two-stage converter, a positive switch and a negative switch; the bipolar converter includes an AC-DC converter and a DC-DC converter
  • the AC-DC converter can realize the conversion of AC power and DC power
  • the DC-DC converter can realize the amplitude conversion between DC power and DC power
  • the DC output positive of all the direct-to-direct converters is connected to one end of a positive switch, the other end of the positive switch is used as the positive of the modular converter
  • the negative of the DC output is connected to one end of the negative switch, and the other end of the negative switch is used as a module -Type current converter negative electrode.
  • the AC-DC converter may be a single-phase full-bridge converter composed of at least four sets of power semiconductor switching devices and a capacitor.
  • the AC-DC converter may be a single-phase half-bridge converter composed of at least two sets of power semiconductor switching devices and a capacitor.
  • the DC-DC converter includes two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters and an isolation transformer.
  • the DC input side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter.
  • the primary side of the isolation transformer is connected, the secondary side of the isolation transformer is connected to the AC input side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter, and the DC output side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC output of the direct-to-direct converter.
  • the DC-DC converter further includes a series connection of an inductor and a capacitor, and the series connection is connected between the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter and the primary side of the isolation transformer.
  • the device further includes a first bypass switch, which is connected in parallel to the AC input port of the device.
  • the device further includes a second bypass switch, which is connected in parallel between the positive and negative poles of the DC output of the DC-DC converter.
  • the invention also discloses a combined converter.
  • the combined converter includes N modular converters, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the combined converter further includes N-1. Connection switches; the AC input ports of the N modular converters are connected in series in sequence, and the first end and the rear end are defined as the AC input ports of the combined converter; the positive poles of the N modular converters are connected The positive output terminal of the combined converter is formed, and the negative terminals of the N modular converters are connected to form the negative output terminal of the combined converter.
  • the first connection switch is connected to the positive DC output of the second DC-to-DC converter, the negative DC output of the second DC-to-DC converter is connected to the positive DC output of the third DC-to-DC converter through the second connection switch, and so on.
  • the negative electrode of the DC output of the N-1th DC-to-DC converter is connected to the positive electrode of the DC output of the Nth DC-to-DC converter through the N-1 connection switch.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of the combined converter.
  • the control method includes the following steps.
  • N m ⁇ n, where m is the number of modular converters connected in series, n is the number of modular converters connected in parallel, m and n are integers, and all possible series-parallel combinations are listed.
  • a group of m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
  • the internal connection switches of each group are closed and the external connection switches between each group are separated.
  • the first modular converter of each group is converted.
  • the positive switch in the device and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter are closed, separating other positive switches and negative switches.
  • the AC power of the combined converter is activated.
  • the AC-DC converter in the modular converter is started.
  • the DC-DC converter in the modular converter is started.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of a combined converter.
  • the control method includes the following steps.
  • the converter device has the first bypass switch and / or the second bypass switch
  • the first bypass switch and / or the second bypass switch of the modular converter that has failed is closed.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of a combined converter.
  • the control method includes the following steps.
  • N m ⁇ n, where m is the number of modular converters connected in series, n is the number of modular converters connected in parallel, m and n are integers, and all possible series-parallel combinations are listed.
  • a group of m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
  • the internal connection switches of each group are closed and the external connection switches between each group are separated.
  • the first modular converter of each group is converted.
  • the positive switch in the device and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter are closed, separating other positive switches and negative switches.
  • the middle of the m group of modular converters is defined as the AC output, the positive bus to the AC output is defined as the upper arm, and the negative bus to the AC output is defined as the lower arm.
  • the AC power of the combined converter is activated.
  • the AC-DC converter in the modular converter is started.
  • the DC-DC converter in the modular converter is started.
  • the modular converter provided by the embodiments of the present application can realize any combination of series and parallel modes by switching the connection switch, so that the output voltage and output current cover a larger range, and the power electronics topology can be reconstructed without the need for the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a modular converter device of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an AC-DC converter according to the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an AC-DC converter according to the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a modular converter according to the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a modular converter device of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a combined converter including a modular converter in this application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a combined converter of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
  • Reference sign name 1. Modular converter; 2. Two-stage converter; 3. AC-DC converter; 4. Straight-direct converter; 5. Positive switch; 6. Negative switch; 7. Connection switch; 8. First bypass switch; 9, second bypass switch.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a modular converter device and a combined converter composed of the modular converter device. Any combination of serial and parallel modes of converter topology can be realized by switching the switch. A control method using the above device is proposed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a modular converter device of the present application.
  • a modular converter device 1 includes at least one two-stage converter 2, a positive switch 5 and a negative switch 6.
  • the bipolar converter 2 includes an AC-DC converter 3 and a DC-DC converter 4.
  • the AC-DC converter 3 can convert AC power and DC power.
  • the DC-DC converter 4 can realize the conversion of the amplitude between DC power and DC power.
  • the DC output terminal of the AC-DC converter 3 is connected to the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter 4.
  • the DC output positive poles of all DC-DC converters 4 are connected to one end of the positive switch 5, and the other end of the positive switch 5 is used as the positive electrode of the modular converter device 1; Connected, the other end of the negative switch 6 serves as the negative of the modular converter 1.
  • the AC-DC converter 3 may be a single-phase full-bridge converter composed of at least four groups of power semiconductor switching devices and capacitors. In this embodiment, there are four groups of IGBTs with anti-parallel diodes. As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the AC-DC converter of the present application.
  • the AC-DC converter 3 may be a single-phase half-bridge converter composed of at least two sets of power semiconductor switching devices and a capacitor. In this embodiment, there are two groups of IGBTs with anti-parallel diodes. As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the AC-DC converter of the present application.
  • the DC-DC converter 4 includes two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters and isolation transformers.
  • the DC input side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter 4, the output AC side and the primary side of the isolation transformer.
  • the secondary side of the isolation transformer is connected to the AC input side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter, and the DC output side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC output of the direct-to-direct converter.
  • the DC-DC converter further includes a series connection of an inductor and a capacitor, and is connected between the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter and the primary side of the isolation transformer after the series connection.
  • the modular converter provided in this embodiment can realize any combination of series and parallel modes through the switching of external connection switches, so that the output voltage and output current cover a larger range, and the power electronics topology can be reconstructed without the need for the device.
  • Each modular converter in this embodiment includes an isolation transformer, which can realize the electrical isolation of the primary and secondary sides, and the voltage of the primary and secondary sides is completely decoupled to achieve the series-parallel combination of the secondary sides.
  • This combination of topological forms can achieve not only DC output but also AC output. According to the given value of output voltage, the number of series and parallel connections can be obtained by formula calculation and table lookup, and then switched by switches. The method is simple and widely applicable.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the modular converter device of the present application.
  • the modular converter device further includes a first bypass switch 8, and the first bypass switch 8 is connected in parallel to the AC input port of the device.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the modular converter device of the present application.
  • the modular converter device further includes a second bypass switch 9, and the second bypass switch 9 is connected in parallel between the positive and negative outputs of the direct-to-direct converter of the device.
  • the input side and the output side of the modular converter of this embodiment are further connected with a bypass switch in parallel.
  • the faulty module can be cut off without affecting the operation of other parts, which greatly improves the reliability of the device.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the topology of a combined converter including a modular converter in this application.
  • the combined converter includes N modular converter devices and N-1 connection switches, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the AC input ports of the N modular converters are connected in series in sequence, and the head end and the tail end are defined as the AC input ports of the combined converter.
  • the positive poles of the N modular converters are connected to form the DC output positive end of the combined converter.
  • the negative poles of the N modular converters are connected to form the DC output negative terminal of the combined converter.
  • the negative DC output of the first DC-DC converter is connected to the positive DC output of the second DC-DC converter through the first connection switch, and the negative DC output of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the third DC-connect through the second connection switch.
  • the DC output anode of the DC-DC converter is connected, and so on.
  • the DC output anode of the N-1th DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output anode of the N-th DC-DC converter through the N-1 connection switch.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
  • this application also discloses a second type of combined converter.
  • the combined converter includes N modular converter devices as described above and N-1 connection switches, where N is greater than or equal to An integer of 2.
  • the AC input ports of the N modular converters are connected in series in sequence, and the head end and the tail end are defined as the AC input ports of the combined converter.
  • the output sides of N modular converters are cascaded in sequence through N-1 connection switches to form a converter chain.
  • the positive or negative pole of the modular converter in the middle of the converter chain is taken out as a combined converter. AC output.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
  • the AC side of the combined converter constitutes a bridge arm, and 6 bridge arms can form the structure shown in FIG. 9.
  • This structure constructs a high-voltage DC port, a high-voltage AC port, and a low-voltage side.
  • Energy can be exchanged between combinable ports to form high-voltage DC / DC converters and AC / DC converters to achieve high conversion ratios and multiple ports (high-voltage DC ports, high-voltage AC ports, and combinable low-voltage DC ports). Apply effects.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
  • the AC side of the combined converter constitutes a bridge arm, and the three bridge arms can form the structure shown in Fig. 10.
  • This structure constructs a high-voltage AC port that can be used for reactive power compensation. It can carry out energy transmission with low-voltage DC port, besides the reactive power compensation function, it can also realize active transmission, which has broad application prospects.
  • the AC side of the combined converter of this embodiment constitutes a converter chain.
  • the combination of converter chains can be a voltage source converter composed of 6 converter chains on the AC side, or 3 converter chains. It forms a star-connected or angular-connected static reactive power generator, which has the functions of DC / DC, AC / DC and reactive power compensation.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of the combined converter.
  • the control method includes the following steps.
  • m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
  • N 6, that is, a total of 6 modular converters are included, and the output sides are cascaded by 5 connection switches.
  • the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is It is 0 ⁇ 1kV, and the rated output current is 1kA.
  • the number of series-parallel connections of this combined converter includes the following combinations.
  • Uo the output DC voltage of the combined converter
  • m ′ U O / U C is calculated.
  • a number of m-type modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
  • a number of three modular converter devices are connected in series to form a group, which is divided into two groups.
  • the internal connection switches of each group are closed, and the external connection switches between each group are separated.
  • the positive switch in the first modular converter and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter of each group are closed, and the other positive and negative switches are separated.
  • the positive switch in the first modular converter and the negative switch in the third modular converter of each group are closed, and other positive switches and negative switches are separated.
  • the output voltage of three modular converters in each group is equal to 0.9kV.
  • the output DC voltage of the converter is 2.7kV.
  • the required ice melting voltage ranges are different. This application can solve the problem of a small ice melting operation range of a voltage source converter.
  • the control method when the combined converter outputs an AC voltage, the control method includes the following steps.
  • m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
  • the number of type converters N m ⁇ n, m and n are integers, and all possible series-parallel combinations of modular converters are listed.
  • the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is 0 ⁇ Uc, and the output DC voltage of the combined converter is given as Uo.
  • the m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
  • n groups of modular converters Control the output current sharing of n groups of modular converters, with the AC output terminals being positive and negative symmetrical AC voltages as the goal, and adjust the output voltage of each group of modules to 0 ⁇ Uc, including 0 or Uc.
  • the middle of the n-group modular converter is defined as the AC output terminal
  • the positive pole of the modular converter is defined as the upper arm
  • the negative pole of the modular converter is defined as the lower arm.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A modular converter device (1), a combined converter and a control method. The modular converter device (1) comprises at least one two-stage converter (2), a positive switch (5) and a negative switch (6). The two-stage converter (2) comprises an AC-DC converter (3) and a DC-DC converter (4), wherein the AC-DC converter (3) is used to realize the conversion of alternating current and direct current; the DC-DC converter (4) is used to realize the conversion of amplitude between direct current and direct current; a direct current input end of the DC-DC converter (4) is connected to a direct current input end of the AC-DC converter (3); one end of the positive switch (5) is connected to a direct current output positive pole of the DC-DC converter (4), and the other end of the positive switch (5) acts as a positive pole of the modular converter device (1); and one end of the negative switch (6) is connected to a direct current output negative pole of the DC-DC converter (4), and the other end of the negative switch (6) acts as a negative pole of the modular converter device (1).

Description

一种模块式变流装置、组合型换流器以及控制方法Modular converter, combined converter and control method 技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及大功率电力电子变流技术领域，具体涉及一种模块式变流装置、组合型换流器以及控制方法。The present application relates to the technical field of high-power power electronic converters, and in particular to a modular converter, a combined converter, and a control method.
背景技术Background technique
高压大容量的电力电子装置定制性较强，通常是根据实际的应用场合设计参数，拓扑结构一旦确定后，整个装置的适用参数范围就确定了。High-voltage and large-capacity power electronic devices are highly customizable, usually based on actual application design parameters. Once the topology is determined, the applicable parameter range of the entire device is determined.
一旦需求变化，就需要对原有的装置进行改造，改造的成本高、难度大。对于某些特定的应用场合，如利用电力电子装置对直流线路进行融冰，融冰的线路的长度不确定，等效的负载电阻不确定，对装置的工作范围要求更高。因此，需要一种通用性更强的电力电子装置，在不增加太多成本的前提下，满足更高工作范围的需求。Once the demand changes, the original device needs to be transformed, which is costly and difficult. For some specific applications, such as the use of power electronic devices to melt ice on DC lines, the length of ice melting lines is uncertain, the equivalent load resistance is uncertain, and the working range of the device is higher. Therefore, there is a need for a more versatile power electronic device that can meet the needs of a higher working range without increasing too much cost.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
本申请实施例提供了一种模块式变流装置，包括至少一个双级变换器、正极开关和负极开关，所述双极变换器包括交直变换器和直直变换器，所述交直变换器用于实现交流电与直流电的变换；所述直直变换器用于实现直流电与直流电之间幅值的变换；所述直直变换器的直流输入端与所述交直变换器的直流输出端连接；所述正极开关的一端连接所述直直变换器的直流输出正极，所述正极开关的另一端作为所述模块式变流装置的正极；所述负极开关的一端连接所述直直变换器的直流输出负极，所述负极开关的另一端作为所述模块式变流装置的负极。An embodiment of the present application provides a modular converter device including at least one two-stage converter, a positive switch and a negative switch. The bipolar converter includes an AC-DC converter and a DC-DC converter. The AC-DC converter is used for Realize the conversion of AC power and DC power; the DC-DC converter is used to realize the amplitude conversion between DC power and DC power; the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output terminal of the AC-DC converter; the positive electrode One end of the switch is connected to the DC output positive electrode of the DC-DC converter, and the other end of the positive switch is used as the positive electrode of the modular converter; one end of the negative switch is connected to the DC output negative electrode of the DC-DC converter. The other end of the negative switch is used as the negative electrode of the modular converter.
根据一些实施例，所述交直变换器包括单相半桥变换器，所述单相半桥变换器包括至少两组功率半导体开关器件以及电容。According to some embodiments, the AC-DC converter includes a single-phase half-bridge converter, and the single-phase half-bridge converter includes at least two sets of power semiconductor switching devices and a capacitor.
根据一些实施例，所述直直变换器包括两组单相全桥变换器和隔离变压器， 所述两组单相全桥变换器，包括第一单相全桥变换器和第二单相全桥变换器，所述第一单相全桥变换器的直流输入侧为所述直直变换器的直流输入端；所述第二单相全桥变换器的直流输出侧为所述直直变换器的直流输出端；所述隔离变压器包括原边和副边，所述原边与所述第一单相全桥变换器的输出交流侧连接；所述副边与所述第二单相全桥变换器的交流输入侧连接。According to some embodiments, the direct-to-direct converter includes two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters and isolation transformers, and the two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters include a first single-phase full-bridge converter and a second single-phase full-bridge converter Bridge converter, the DC input side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC input end of the direct-to-direct converter; the DC output side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter is the direct-to-direct conversion The DC output of the converter; the isolation transformer includes a primary side and a secondary side, the primary side is connected to the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter, and the secondary side is connected to the second single-phase The AC input side of the bridge converter is connected.
根据一些实施例，所述直直变换器还包括串联连接的电感与电容，所述串联连接的电感与电容连接在所述第一单相全桥变换器的输出交流侧与所述隔离变压器的原边之间。According to some embodiments, the DC-DC converter further includes an inductor and a capacitor connected in series, and the series-connected inductor and capacitor are connected on the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter to the Between the original edges.
根据一些实施例，所述模块式变流装置还包括第一旁路开关，所述第一旁路开关并联在所述模块式变流装置的交流输入端口。According to some embodiments, the modular converter further includes a first bypass switch, and the first bypass switch is connected in parallel to an AC input port of the modular converter.
根据一些实施例，所述模块式变流装置还包括第二旁路开关，所述第二旁路开关并联在所述直直变换器的直流输出正极与直流输出负极之间。According to some embodiments, the modular converter further includes a second bypass switch, which is connected in parallel between a DC output positive electrode and a DC output negative electrode of the DC-DC converter.
本申请实施例还提供一种组合型换流器，包括N个所述模块式变流装置和N-1个连接开关，其中N为大于等于2的整数，所述N个模块式变流装置的交流输入端口依次串联连接，首端和尾端为组合型换流器的交流输入端口；所述N个模块式变流装置的正极相连接，构成所述组合型换流器的直流输出正端，所述N个模块式变流装置的负极相连接，构成组合型换流器的直流输出负端；第一个所述直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第一连接开关与第二个所述直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，第二个所述直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第二连接开关与第三个所述直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，第N-1所述直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第N-1连接开关与第N个所述直直变换器的直流输出正极连接。An embodiment of the present application further provides a combined converter including N said modular converters and N-1 connection switches, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and said N modular converters The AC input ports are connected in series in sequence, and the leading end and the tail end are the AC input ports of the combined converter; the positive poles of the N modular converters are connected to form a positive DC output of the combined converter. The negative terminals of the N modular converters are connected to form the DC output negative terminal of the combined converter; the DC output negative terminal of the first DC-DC converter is connected to the second through the first connection switch. The DC output positive pole of the DC-DC converter is connected, the DC output negative pole of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output positive pole of the third DC-DC converter through the second connection switch, and the N-1th The DC output negative pole of the DC-DC converter is connected to the N-th DC output positive pole of the DC-DC converter through an N-1 connection switch.
本申请实施例还提供一种如上述所述组合型换流器的控制方法，当所述组合型换流器启动时，所述控制方法包括：基于每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，其中，模块式变流装置数量N＝m×n；闭合每组内部的所述连接开关，分开每组外部的所述连接开关；将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，将每组的除第一模块式变流装置的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置的负极开关之外的正极开关和负极开关分开；启动所述组合型换流器的交流电源；启动所述模块式变流装置中的交直变换器；启动所述模块式变流装置中的直直变换器；控制n组所述模块式 变流装置的输出均流，每组内m个模块式变流装置的输出均压，每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压为U’c；根据指令值调节所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压Uo。An embodiment of the present application further provides a control method for a combined converter as described above. When the combined converter is started, the control method includes: based on an output of each of the modular converter devices. The voltage adjustment range and a given value of the output DC voltage of the combined converter constitute a group of m modular converters connected in series with each other, which are divided into n groups, where the number of modular converters N = m × n; closing the connection switch inside each group, separating the connection switch outside each group; changing the positive switch in the first modular converter of each group and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter Close, separate the positive switch and the negative switch of each group except the positive switch of the first modular converter and the negative switch of the m-th modular converter; start the AC power of the combined converter; Start the AC-DC converter in the modular converter; start the DC-DC converter in the modular converter; control the output current sharing of n groups of the modular converter, m modules in each group Output of the inverter device , The output voltage of each of said modular converter means for u'c; adjusted output the combined type DC converter in accordance with an instruction voltage Uo.
根据一些实施例，所述基于每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，包括：列出所述模块式变流装置的所有可能的串并联组合，m为串联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，n为并联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，N＝m×n，m和n均为整数；计算获得m’＝U O/U C，每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为0～Uc，组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值为Uo；在所有串并联组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值；确定串联数m后，通过n＝N/m计算获得并联数量n值；设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c＝U 0/m；将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组。 According to some embodiments, based on the output voltage adjustment range of each of the modular converters and a given output DC voltage value of the combined converter, m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a Group, divided into n groups, including: listing all possible series-parallel combinations of the modular converter, m is the number of modular converters connected in series, n is the modular converter connected in parallel The number of N, m = n, m and n are integers; m '= U O / U C is calculated. The output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is 0 to Uc. The given value of output DC voltage is Uo; in all series-parallel combinations, find the value of m that is greater than m 'and the closest to m'; after determining the number of series m, obtain the value of the number of parallel n by n = N / m Set the voltage given value of each modular converter as U'c = U 0 / m; connect m modular converters in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
本申请实施例还提供一种如上所述组合型换流器的控制方法，当检测到换流器内部有故障发生时，所述方法包括：判断发生故障的模块式变流装置；闭锁发生故障的模块式变流装置的交直变换器以及直直变换器；调整所述模块式变流装置的输出直流电压，保持所述组合型换流器输出电压稳定。The embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of the combined converter as described above. When a fault inside the converter is detected, the method includes: a modular converter that determines that a failure has occurred; and a failure that occurs when the lockout occurs AC-DC converter and DC-DC converter of the modular converter; adjust the output DC voltage of the modular converter to keep the output voltage of the combined converter stable.
根据一些实施例，所述控制方法还包括：闭合发生故障的模块式变流装置的第一旁路开关和/或第二旁路开关。According to some embodiments, the control method further comprises: closing a first bypass switch and / or a second bypass switch of the modular converter having a fault.
本申请实施例还提供一种如上所述组合型换流器的控制方法，当组合型换流器输出交流电压时，所述控制方法包括：基于每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，其中，模块式变流装置数量N＝m×n；闭合每组内部的所述连接开关，分开每组外部的所述连接开关；将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，将每组的除第一模块式变流装置的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置的负极开关之外的正极开关和负极开关分开；定义n组模块式变流装置的中部作为交流输出端，定义所述模块式变流装置的正极到交流输出端为上桥臂，定义所述模块式变流装置的负极到交流输出端为下桥臂；启动组合型换流器的交流电源；启动模块式变流装置中的交直变换器；启动模块式变流装置中的直直变换器；控制n组模块式变流装置的输出均流，以交流输出端为正负对称的交流电压为目标，调节每组模块的输出电压为0～Uc。An embodiment of the present application further provides a control method for a combined converter as described above. When the combined converter outputs an AC voltage, the control method includes: based on an output voltage of each of the modular converter devices. The adjustment range and a given value of the output DC voltage of the combined converter constitute a group of m modular converters connected in series with each other, which are divided into n groups, where the number of modular converters N = m × n; closing the connection switch inside each group, separating the connection switch outside each group; closing the positive switch in the first modular converter of each group and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter , Separate the positive and negative switches of each group except the positive switch of the first modular converter and the negative switch of the m-th modular converter; define the middle of the n modular converters as the AC output Terminal, defining the positive pole of the modular converter to the AC output end as the upper bridge arm, defining the negative pole of the modular converter to the AC output end as the lower bridge arm; activating the AC power source of the combined converter; start up AC-DC converters in modular converters; start DC-DC converters in modular converters; control the output current sharing of n groups of modular converters, with the AC output terminals being positive and negative symmetrical AC voltages as the goal , Adjust the output voltage of each group of modules to 0 ～ Uc.
根据一些实施例，所述基于每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，包括：列出所述模块式变流装置的所有可能的串并联组合，m为串联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，n为并联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，N＝m×n，m和n均为整数；计算获得m’＝U O/U C，每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为0～Uc，组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值为Uo；在所有串并联组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值；确定串联数m后，通过n＝N/m计算获得并联数量n值；设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c＝U 0/m；将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组。 According to some embodiments, based on the output voltage adjustment range of each of the modular converters and a given output DC voltage value of the combined converter, m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a Group, divided into n groups, including: listing all possible series-parallel combinations of the modular converter, m is the number of modular converters connected in series, n is the modular converter connected in parallel The number of N, m = n, m and n are integers; m '= U O / U C is calculated. The output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is 0 to Uc. The given value of output DC voltage is Uo; in all series-parallel combinations, find the value of m that is greater than m 'and the closest to m'; after determining the number of series m, obtain the value of the number of parallel n by n = N / m Set the voltage given value of each modular converter as U'c = U 0 / m; connect m modular converters in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
本申请实施例还提供一种模块式变流装置，所述装置包括至少一个双级变换器、一个正极开关和一个负极开关；所述双极变换器包括一个交直变换器和一个直直变换器，所述交直变换器可实现交流电与直流电的变换，所述直直变换器可实现直流电与直流电之间幅值的变换，所述交直变换器的直流输出端与直直变换器的直流输入端连接；所述所有直直变换器的直流输出正极与正极开关的一端连接，正极开关的另一端作为模块式变流装置正极；直流输出负极与负极开关的一端连接，负极开关的另一端作为模块式变流装置负极。The embodiment of the present application further provides a modular converter device, the device includes at least one two-stage converter, a positive switch and a negative switch; the bipolar converter includes an AC-DC converter and a DC-DC converter The AC-DC converter can realize the conversion of AC power and DC power, the DC-DC converter can realize the amplitude conversion between DC power and DC power, the DC output end of the AC-DC converter and the DC input end of the DC-DC converter Connect; the DC output positive of all the direct-to-direct converters is connected to one end of a positive switch, the other end of the positive switch is used as the positive of the modular converter; the negative of the DC output is connected to one end of the negative switch, and the other end of the negative switch is used as a module -Type current converter negative electrode.
根据一些实施例，所述交直变换器可以是由至少四组功率半导体开关器件以及电容构成的单相全桥变换器。According to some embodiments, the AC-DC converter may be a single-phase full-bridge converter composed of at least four sets of power semiconductor switching devices and a capacitor.
根据一些实施例，所述交直变换器可以是由至少两组功率半导体开关器件以及电容构成的单相半桥变换器。According to some embodiments, the AC-DC converter may be a single-phase half-bridge converter composed of at least two sets of power semiconductor switching devices and a capacitor.
根据一些实施例，所述直直变换器包括两组单相全桥变换器以及隔离变压器，第一单相全桥变换器的直流输入侧为直直变换器的直流输入端，输出交流侧与隔离变压器的原边连接，隔离变压器的副边与第二单相全桥变换器的交流输入侧连接，第二单相全桥变换器的直流输出侧为直直变换器的直流输出端。According to some embodiments, the DC-DC converter includes two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters and an isolation transformer. The DC input side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter. The primary side of the isolation transformer is connected, the secondary side of the isolation transformer is connected to the AC input side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter, and the DC output side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC output of the direct-to-direct converter.
根据一些实施例，所述直直变换器还包括电感与电容的串联连接，所述串联连接连接在第一单相全桥变换器的输出交流侧与隔离变压器的原边之间。According to some embodiments, the DC-DC converter further includes a series connection of an inductor and a capacitor, and the series connection is connected between the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter and the primary side of the isolation transformer.
根据一些实施例，所述装置还包括第一旁路开关，所述第一旁路开关并联在装置的交流输入端口。According to some embodiments, the device further includes a first bypass switch, which is connected in parallel to the AC input port of the device.
根据一些实施例，所述装置还包括第二旁路开关，所述第二旁路开关并联在直直变换器的直流输出正极与负极之间。According to some embodiments, the device further includes a second bypass switch, which is connected in parallel between the positive and negative poles of the DC output of the DC-DC converter.
本发明还公开了一种组合型换流器，所述组合型换流器包含N个模块式变流装置，其中N为大于等于2的整数，所述组合型换流器还包括N-1个连接开关；所述N个模块式变流装置的交流输入端口依次串联连接，首端和尾端定义为组合型换流器的交流输入端口；所述N个模块式变流装置的正极相连，构成组合型换流器的直流输出正端，所述N个模块式变流装置的负极相连，构成组合型换流器的直流输出负端；第一个直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第一连接开关与第二个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，第二个直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第二连接开关与第三个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，依次类推，第N-1直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第N-1连接开关与第N个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接。The invention also discloses a combined converter. The combined converter includes N modular converters, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The combined converter further includes N-1. Connection switches; the AC input ports of the N modular converters are connected in series in sequence, and the first end and the rear end are defined as the AC input ports of the combined converter; the positive poles of the N modular converters are connected The positive output terminal of the combined converter is formed, and the negative terminals of the N modular converters are connected to form the negative output terminal of the combined converter. The first connection switch is connected to the positive DC output of the second DC-to-DC converter, the negative DC output of the second DC-to-DC converter is connected to the positive DC output of the third DC-to-DC converter through the second connection switch, and so on. The negative electrode of the DC output of the N-1th DC-to-DC converter is connected to the positive electrode of the DC output of the Nth DC-to-DC converter through the N-1 connection switch.
本申请实施例还提供了一种组合型换流器的控制方法，当组合型换流器启动时，所述控制方法包括如下步骤。The embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of the combined converter. When the combined converter is started, the control method includes the following steps.
定义N＝m×n，m为串联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，n为并联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，m和n均为整数，列出所有可能的串并联组合情况。Define N = m × n, where m is the number of modular converters connected in series, n is the number of modular converters connected in parallel, m and n are integers, and all possible series-parallel combinations are listed.
定义每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为：0～Uc，组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值为Uo，计算获得m’＝U O/U C，在所有串并联组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值，确定串联数m后，通过n＝N/m计算获得并联数量n值；设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c,U' C＝U O/m。 The output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is defined as: 0 ～ Uc, the output DC voltage of the combined converter is given as Uo, and m ′ = U O / U C is obtained by calculation. , Find the value of m that is greater than m 'and the closest to m', determine the number of series m, and then calculate the value of the number n in parallel by n = N / m; set the voltage given value of each modular converter Is U'c, U ' C = U O / m.
将数量为m的模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，闭合每组内部的连接开关，分开每组之间外部的连接开关；将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，分开其他正极开关和负极开关。A group of m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups. The internal connection switches of each group are closed and the external connection switches between each group are separated. The first modular converter of each group is converted. The positive switch in the device and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter are closed, separating other positive switches and negative switches.
组合型换流器的交流电源启动。The AC power of the combined converter is activated.
模块式变流装置中的交直变换器启动。The AC-DC converter in the modular converter is started.
模块式变流装置中的直直变换器启动。The DC-DC converter in the modular converter is started.
控制n组模块式变流装置的输出均流，每组内m个模块式变流装置的输出均压，每个装置输出电压为U’c，根据指令值调节组合型换流器的输出直流电压Uo。Controls the output current sharing of n groups of modular converters, the output voltage of m modular converters in each group is equalized, the output voltage of each device is U'c, and the output DC of the combined converter is adjusted according to the command value Voltage Uo.
本申请实施例还提供了一种组合型换流器的控制方法，当组合型换流器运行并检测到换流器内部有故障发生时，所述控制方法包括如下步骤。An embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of a combined converter. When the combined converter is operated and a fault occurs in the converter is detected, the control method includes the following steps.
找出发生故障的模块式变流装置。Find the faulty modular converter.
闭锁发生故障的模块式变流装置的交直变换器以及直直变换器。The AC-DC converter and the DC-DC converter of the modular converter that has failed are blocked.
当换流装置有第一旁路开关和/或第二旁路开关时，闭合发生故障的模块式变流装置的第一旁路开关和/或第二旁路开关。When the converter device has the first bypass switch and / or the second bypass switch, the first bypass switch and / or the second bypass switch of the modular converter that has failed is closed.
调整控制目标，维持组合型换流器输出电压稳定。Adjust the control target to keep the output voltage of the combined converter stable.
本申请实施例还提供了一种组合型换流器的控制方法，当组合型换流器输出交流电压时，所述控制方法包括如下步骤。An embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of a combined converter. When the combined converter outputs an AC voltage, the control method includes the following steps.
定义N＝m×n，m为串联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，n为并联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，m和n均为整数，列出所有可能的串并联组合情况。Define N = m × n, where m is the number of modular converters connected in series, n is the number of modular converters connected in parallel, m and n are integers, and all possible series-parallel combinations are listed.
定义每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为：0～Uc，组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值为Uo，计算获得m’＝U O/U C，在所有串并联组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值，确定串联数m后，通过n＝N/m计算获得并联数量n值；设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c,U' C＝U O/m。 The output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is defined as: 0 ～ Uc, the output DC voltage of the combined converter is given as Uo, and m ′ = U O / U C is obtained by calculation. , Find the value of m that is greater than m 'and the closest to m', determine the number of series m, and then calculate the value of the number n in parallel by n = N / m; set the voltage given value of each modular converter Is U'c, U ' C = U O / m.
将数量为m的模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，闭合每组内部的连接开关，分开每组之间外部的连接开关；将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，分开其他正极开关和负极开关。A group of m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups. The internal connection switches of each group are closed and the external connection switches between each group are separated. The first modular converter of each group is converted. The positive switch in the device and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter are closed, separating other positive switches and negative switches.
定义m组模块式变流装置的中部作为交流输出端，定义正母线到交流输出端为上桥臂，定义负母线到交流输出端为下桥臂。The middle of the m group of modular converters is defined as the AC output, the positive bus to the AC output is defined as the upper arm, and the negative bus to the AC output is defined as the lower arm.
组合型换流器的交流电源启动。The AC power of the combined converter is activated.
模块式变流装置中的交直变换器启动。The AC-DC converter in the modular converter is started.
模块式变流装置中的直直变换器启动。The DC-DC converter in the modular converter is started.
控制n组模块式变流装置的输出均流，以交流输出端为正负对称的交流电压为目标，调节m组模块的输出电压为0或Uc。Control the output current sharing of n groups of modular converters, with the AC output terminal being a positive and negative symmetrical AC voltage as the goal, and adjust the output voltage of m group of modules to 0 or Uc.
本申请实施例提出的模块式变流装置通过连接开关的切换可实现串并联方式的任意组合，使输出电压以及输出电流覆盖更大的范围，可以实现电力电子拓扑结构的重构，无需对装置进行硬件改造，仅需要增加成本低且可靠性高的开关，性价比高。The modular converter provided by the embodiments of the present application can realize any combination of series and parallel modes by switching the connection switch, so that the output voltage and output current cover a larger range, and the power electronics topology can be reconstructed without the need for the device. For hardware reconstruction, only low-cost and high-reliability switches need to be added, which is cost-effective.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are just some embodiments of the application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative labor.
图1为本申请的模块式变流装置的第一实施例示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a modular converter device of the present application; FIG.
图2为本申请的交直变换器的第一实施例示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an AC-DC converter according to the present application;
图3为本申请的交直变换器的第二实施例示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an AC-DC converter according to the present application;
图4为本申请的模块式变流装置的第二实施例示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a modular converter according to the present application;
图5为本申请的模块式变流装置的第三实施例示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a modular converter device of the present application;
图6为本申请含有模块式变流装置的组合型换流器的拓扑结构示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a combined converter including a modular converter in this application;
图7为本申请的组合型换流器的第一实施例示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a combined converter of the present application;
图8为本申请的组合型换流器的第二实施例示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the combined converter of the present application;
图9为本申请的组合型换流器的第三实施例示意图；9 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the combined converter of the present application;
图10为本申请的组合型换流器的第四实施例示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
附图标记名称：1、模块式变流装置；2、双级变换器；3、交直变换器；4、直直变换器；5、正极开关；6、负极开关；7、连接开关；8、第一旁路开关；9、第二旁路开关。Reference sign name: 1. Modular converter; 2. Two-stage converter; 3. AC-DC converter; 4. Straight-direct converter; 5. Positive switch; 6. Negative switch; 7. Connection switch; 8. First bypass switch; 9, second bypass switch.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，以下将结合附图和实施例，对本申请技术方案的具体实施方式进行更加详细、清楚的说明。然而，以下描述的具体实施方式和实施例仅是说明的目的，而不是对本申请的限制。其只是包含了本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，本领域技术人员对于本申请的各种变化获得的其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the specific implementation manners of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in more detail and clearly below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. However, the specific implementations and examples described below are for illustration purposes only and are not a limitation on the present application. It only includes a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art for the various changes of the present application fall into the protection scope of the present application.
应当理解，本申请的权利要求、说明书及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第 三”和“第四”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。本申请的说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语“包括”和“包含”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" in the claims, the description, and the drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. . The terms "including" and "comprising" used in the specification and claims of this application indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude one or more other features, integers , Steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their presence or addition.
本申请实施例提出了一种模块式变流装置、以及利用模块式变流装置构成的组合型换流器，通过开关的切换可实现换流器拓扑结构串并联方式的任意组合，本申请还提出了使用上述装置的控制方法。The embodiment of the present application proposes a modular converter device and a combined converter composed of the modular converter device. Any combination of serial and parallel modes of converter topology can be realized by switching the switch. A control method using the above device is proposed.
下面结合附图对本申请作进一步说明。The application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图1为本申请的模块式变流装置的第一实施例示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a modular converter device of the present application.
如图1所示，一种模块式变流装置1，包括至少一个双级变换器2、一个正极开关5和一个负极开关6。双极变换器2包括一个交直变换器3和一个直直变换器4。交直变换器3可实现交流电与直流电的变换。直直变换器4可实现直流电与直流电之间幅值的变换。交直变换器3的直流输出端与直直变换器4的直流输入端连接。所有直直变换器4的直流输出正极与正极开关5的一端连接，正极开关5的另一端作为模块式变流装置1的正极；所有直直变换器4的直流输出负极与负极开关6的一端连接，负极开关6的另一端作为模块式变流装置1的负极。As shown in FIG. 1, a modular converter device 1 includes at least one two-stage converter 2, a positive switch 5 and a negative switch 6. The bipolar converter 2 includes an AC-DC converter 3 and a DC-DC converter 4. The AC-DC converter 3 can convert AC power and DC power. The DC-DC converter 4 can realize the conversion of the amplitude between DC power and DC power. The DC output terminal of the AC-DC converter 3 is connected to the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter 4. The DC output positive poles of all DC-DC converters 4 are connected to one end of the positive switch 5, and the other end of the positive switch 5 is used as the positive electrode of the modular converter device 1; Connected, the other end of the negative switch 6 serves as the negative of the modular converter 1.
交直变换器3可以是由至少四组功率半导体开关器件以及电容构成的单相全桥变换器。在本实施例中为四组带有反并联二极管的IGBT构成，如图2所示，图2为本申请的交直变换器的第一实施例示意图。The AC-DC converter 3 may be a single-phase full-bridge converter composed of at least four groups of power semiconductor switching devices and capacitors. In this embodiment, there are four groups of IGBTs with anti-parallel diodes. As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the AC-DC converter of the present application.
交直变换器3可以是由至少两组功率半导体开关器件以及电容构成的单相半桥变换器。在本实施例中为二组带有反并联二极管的IGBT构成，如图3所示，图3为本申请的交直变换器的第二实施例示意图。The AC-DC converter 3 may be a single-phase half-bridge converter composed of at least two sets of power semiconductor switching devices and a capacitor. In this embodiment, there are two groups of IGBTs with anti-parallel diodes. As shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the AC-DC converter of the present application.
直直变换器4包括两组单相全桥变换器以及隔离变压器，第一单相全桥变换器的直流输入侧为直直变换器4的直流输入端，输出交流侧与隔离变压器的原边连接，隔离变压器的副边与第二单相全桥变换器的交流输入侧连接，第二单相全桥变换器的直流输出侧为直直变换器的直流输出端。The DC-DC converter 4 includes two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters and isolation transformers. The DC input side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter 4, the output AC side and the primary side of the isolation transformer. Connected, the secondary side of the isolation transformer is connected to the AC input side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter, and the DC output side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter is the DC output of the direct-to-direct converter.
可选地，直直变换器还包括电感与电容的串联连接，串联连接后连接在第一单相全桥变换器的输出交流侧与隔离变压器的原边之间。Optionally, the DC-DC converter further includes a series connection of an inductor and a capacitor, and is connected between the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter and the primary side of the isolation transformer after the series connection.
本实施例提出的模块式变流装置通过外部连接开关的切换可实现串并联方式的任意组合，使输出电压以及输出电流覆盖更大的范围，可以实现电力电子拓扑结构的重构，无需对装置进行硬件改造，仅需要增加成本低且可靠性高的开关，性价比高。The modular converter provided in this embodiment can realize any combination of series and parallel modes through the switching of external connection switches, so that the output voltage and output current cover a larger range, and the power electronics topology can be reconstructed without the need for the device. For hardware reconstruction, only low-cost and high-reliability switches need to be added, which is cost-effective.
本实施例的每个模块式变流装置均包含隔离变压器，可实现原副边的电气隔离，原副边电压完全解耦，以实现副边的串并联组合，模块化的方式有利于实现各种拓扑形式的组合，除了可实现直流输出，也可以实现交流输出，根据输出电压给定值，通过公式计算和查表的方法获得串并联数量，再通过开关进行切换，方法简单，适用广泛。Each modular converter in this embodiment includes an isolation transformer, which can realize the electrical isolation of the primary and secondary sides, and the voltage of the primary and secondary sides is completely decoupled to achieve the series-parallel combination of the secondary sides. This combination of topological forms can achieve not only DC output but also AC output. According to the given value of output voltage, the number of series and parallel connections can be obtained by formula calculation and table lookup, and then switched by switches. The method is simple and widely applicable.
图4为本申请的模块式变流装置的第二实施例示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the modular converter device of the present application.
如图4所示，模块式变流装置还包括第一旁路开关8，第一旁路开关8并联在装置的交流输入端口。As shown in FIG. 4, the modular converter device further includes a first bypass switch 8, and the first bypass switch 8 is connected in parallel to the AC input port of the device.
图5为本申请的模块式变流装置的第三实施例示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the modular converter device of the present application.
如图5所示，模块式变流装置还包括第二旁路开关9，第二旁路开关9并联在装置的直直变换器输出正极与负极之间。As shown in FIG. 5, the modular converter device further includes a second bypass switch 9, and the second bypass switch 9 is connected in parallel between the positive and negative outputs of the direct-to-direct converter of the device.
本实施例的模块式变流装置输入侧和输出侧还并联旁路开关，在模块发生故障时可以将故障模块切除，而不影响其他部分运行，极大的提高了装置的可靠性。The input side and the output side of the modular converter of this embodiment are further connected with a bypass switch in parallel. When the module fails, the faulty module can be cut off without affecting the operation of other parts, which greatly improves the reliability of the device.
图6为本申请含有模块式变流装置的组合型换流器的拓扑结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the topology of a combined converter including a modular converter in this application.
如图6所示，组合型换流器包含N个模块式变流装置和N-1个连接开关，其中N为大于等于2的整数。N个模块式变流装置的交流输入端口依次串联连接，首端和尾端定义为组合型换流器的交流输入端口。N个模块式变流装置的正极相连，构成组合型换流器的直流输出正端。N个模块式变流装置的负极相连，构成组合型换流器的直流输出负端。第一个直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第一连接开关与第二个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，第二个直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第二连接开关与第三个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，依次类推，第N-1直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第N-1连接开关与第N个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接。As shown in FIG. 6, the combined converter includes N modular converter devices and N-1 connection switches, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The AC input ports of the N modular converters are connected in series in sequence, and the head end and the tail end are defined as the AC input ports of the combined converter. The positive poles of the N modular converters are connected to form the DC output positive end of the combined converter. The negative poles of the N modular converters are connected to form the DC output negative terminal of the combined converter. The negative DC output of the first DC-DC converter is connected to the positive DC output of the second DC-DC converter through the first connection switch, and the negative DC output of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the third DC-connect through the second connection switch. The DC output anode of the DC-DC converter is connected, and so on. The DC output anode of the N-1th DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output anode of the N-th DC-DC converter through the N-1 connection switch.
图7为本申请的组合型换流器的第一实施例示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
如图7所示，连接开关有的闭合，有的断开，基于每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，其中，模块式变流装置数量N＝m×n。如图7所示，m＝3，n＝2。As shown in Fig. 7, some connection switches are closed and some are disconnected. Based on the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter and the set output DC voltage of the combined converter, m modular converters are changed. The flow devices are connected in series with each other to form a group, which are divided into n groups, where the number of modular converter devices is N = m × n. As shown in FIG. 7, m = 3 and n = 2.
图8为本申请的组合型换流器的第二实施例示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
如图8所示，本申请还公开了第二种组合型换流器，组合型换流器包含N个如上所述的模块式变流装置和N-1个连接开关，其中N为大于等于2的整数。N个模块式变流装置的交流输入端口依次串联连接，首端和尾端定义为组合型换流器的交流输入端口。N个模块式变流装置的输出侧通过N-1个连接开关依次级联，构成一个换流链，取换流链中部的模块式变流装置的正极或负极引出作为组合型换流器的交流输出端。As shown in FIG. 8, this application also discloses a second type of combined converter. The combined converter includes N modular converter devices as described above and N-1 connection switches, where N is greater than or equal to An integer of 2. The AC input ports of the N modular converters are connected in series in sequence, and the head end and the tail end are defined as the AC input ports of the combined converter. The output sides of N modular converters are cascaded in sequence through N-1 connection switches to form a converter chain. The positive or negative pole of the modular converter in the middle of the converter chain is taken out as a combined converter. AC output.
图9为本申请的组合型换流器的第三实施例示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
如图9所示，组合型换流器的交流侧构成一个桥臂，由6个桥臂可构成如图9所示的结构，该结构构造了高压直流端口，高压交流端口，与低压侧的可组合端口之间可实现能量交换，构成高压DC/DC变换器，以及AC/DC变换器，实现了高变比、多端口(高压直流端口、高压交流端口、可组合的低压直流端口)的应用效果。As shown in FIG. 9, the AC side of the combined converter constitutes a bridge arm, and 6 bridge arms can form the structure shown in FIG. 9. This structure constructs a high-voltage DC port, a high-voltage AC port, and a low-voltage side. Energy can be exchanged between combinable ports to form high-voltage DC / DC converters and AC / DC converters to achieve high conversion ratios and multiple ports (high-voltage DC ports, high-voltage AC ports, and combinable low-voltage DC ports). Apply effects.
图10为本申请的组合型换流器的第四实施例示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the combined converter of the present application.
如图10所示，组合型换流器的交流侧构成一个桥臂，由3个桥臂可构成如图10所示的结构，该结构构造了高压交流端口，可用来做无功补偿功能，与低压直流端口之间可以进行能量传输，除了无功补偿功能外也可以实现有功的传输，具有广阔的应用前景。As shown in Fig. 10, the AC side of the combined converter constitutes a bridge arm, and the three bridge arms can form the structure shown in Fig. 10. This structure constructs a high-voltage AC port that can be used for reactive power compensation. It can carry out energy transmission with low-voltage DC port, besides the reactive power compensation function, it can also realize active transmission, which has broad application prospects.
本实施例的组合型换流器的交流侧构成一个换流链，换流链的组合可以在交流侧由6个换流链构成的电压源型换流器，也可以由3个换流链构成星型连接的或者角型连接的静止无功发生器，兼有DC/DC，AC/DC以及无功补偿的功能。The AC side of the combined converter of this embodiment constitutes a converter chain. The combination of converter chains can be a voltage source converter composed of 6 converter chains on the AC side, or 3 converter chains. It forms a star-connected or angular-connected static reactive power generator, which has the functions of DC / DC, AC / DC and reactive power compensation.
本申请实施例还提供了组合型换流器的控制方法。当组合型换流器启动时，控制方法包括如下步骤。The embodiment of the present application further provides a control method of the combined converter. When the combined converter is started, the control method includes the following steps.
基于每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，其中，模块式变流装置数量N＝m×n，列出所有可能的串并联组合情况。Based on the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter and the given value of the output DC voltage of the combined converter, m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups. Among them, the module The number of type converters N = m × n lists all possible series-parallel combinations.
根据一些实施例，例如N＝6，即共包含6个模块式变流装置，由5个连接开关将输出侧级联在一起，本实施例中每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为0～1kV，输出额定电流为1kA。该组合型换流器的串并联数量包括下列组合。According to some embodiments, for example, N = 6, that is, a total of 6 modular converters are included, and the output sides are cascaded by 5 connection switches. In this embodiment, the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is It is 0 ～ 1kV, and the rated output current is 1kA. The number of series-parallel connections of this combined converter includes the following combinations.
m＝6,n＝1。m = 6, n = 1.
m＝3,n＝2。m = 3, n = 2.
m＝2,n＝3。m = 2, n = 3.
m＝1,n＝6。m = 1 and n = 6.
定义每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为：0～Uc，组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值为Uo，计算获得m’＝U O/U C。在所有串并联组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值，确定串联数m后，通过n＝N/m计算获得并联数量n值；设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c,U' C＝U O/m。 The output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is defined as: 0 ~ Uc, the output DC voltage of the combined converter is given as Uo, and m ′ = U O / U C is calculated. In all series-parallel combinations, find the value of m that is greater than m 'and the closest to m', determine the number of series m, and then obtain the value of the number of parallel n by calculating n = N / m; set each modular converter The voltage given value is U'c, U ' C = U O / m.
根据一些实施例，例如组合型换流器的输出电压给定值为2.7kV，即根据m’＝U O/U C。计算可得m’为2.7，在上面组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值，找出m＝3，n＝2，即3串2并，如图7所示。设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c,U' C＝U O/m，U’c为2.7/3＝0.9kV。 According to some embodiments, for example, the output voltage of the combined converter is given as 2.7 kV, that is, according to m ′ = U O / U C. It can be calculated that m 'is 2.7. In the above combination, find the value of m that is greater than m' and closest to m ', and find m = 3, n = 2, that is, 3 strings and 2 parallels, as shown in FIG. 7. The voltage given value of each modular converter is U'c, U ' C = U O / m, and U'c is 2.7 / 3 = 0.9 kV.
将数量为m的模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组。A number of m-type modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
闭合每组内部的连接开关，分开每组外部的连接开关。Close the internal connection switches of each group and separate the external connection switches of each group.
根据一些实施例，例如将数量为3的模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为2组，闭合每组内部的连接开关，分开每组之间外部的连接开关。According to some embodiments, for example, a number of three modular converter devices are connected in series to form a group, which is divided into two groups. The internal connection switches of each group are closed, and the external connection switches between each group are separated.
将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，将每组的除第一模块式变流装置的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置的负极开关之外的正极开关和负极开关分开。Close the positive switch in the first modular converter and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter in each group, and close the positive switch and the m-th module in the first modular converter in each group The positive and negative switches other than the negative switch of the flow device are separated.
根据一些实施例，将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，分开其他正极开关和负极开关。例如将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第3模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，分开其他正极开关和负极开关。According to some embodiments, the positive switch in the first modular converter and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter of each group are closed, and the other positive and negative switches are separated. For example, the positive switch in the first modular converter and the negative switch in the third modular converter of each group are closed, and other positive switches and negative switches are separated.
启动组合型换流器的交流电源。Switch on the AC power of the combined converter.
启动模块式变流装置中的交直变换器。Start the AC-DC converter in the modular converter.
启动模块式变流装置中的直直变换器。Start the DC-DC converter in the modular converter.
控制n组模块式变流装置的输出均流，每组内m个模块式变流装置的输出均压，每个模块式变流装置的输出电压为U’c。Controls the output current sharing of n groups of modular converters, the output voltage of m modular converters in each group is equalized, and the output voltage of each modular converter is U'c.
根据指令值调节组合型换流器的输出直流电压Uo。Adjust the output DC voltage Uo of the combined converter according to the command value.
根据一些实施例，例如控制2组模块式变流装置的输出均流，每组内3个模块式变流装置的输出均压，每个装置输出电压为0.9kV，根据指令值调节组合型换流器的输出直流电压2.7kV。According to some embodiments, for example, to control the output current sharing of two groups of modular converters, and the output voltage of three modular converters in each group is equal to 0.9kV. The output DC voltage of the converter is 2.7kV.
由此可见，上述由6个模块式变流装置构成的组合型换流器可以有4种工作组合，在装置总功率守恒的前提下，获得多个电压、电流输出档位，通过指令电压值，可计算出组合型换流器的串并联数量，仅需要开关的切换即可方便的实现串并联组合的调整。It can be seen that the above-mentioned combined converter composed of 6 modular converter devices can have 4 working combinations. Under the premise that the total power of the device is conserved, multiple voltage and current output gears can be obtained. , Can calculate the number of series-parallel combination of combined converter, only need to switch the switch can easily achieve the adjustment of series-parallel combination.
应用场景中，如线路融冰需求，线路长度不同，所需要的融冰电压档位不同，可通过本申请解决电压源型换流器融冰工作范围小的问题。In an application scenario, such as the line's ice melting requirements and different line lengths, the required ice melting voltage ranges are different. This application can solve the problem of a small ice melting operation range of a voltage source converter.
当组合型换流器运行时，当检测到组合型换流器内部有故障发生时，找出发生故障的模块式变流装置。闭锁发生故障的模块式变流装置的交直变换器以及直直变换器。闭合发生故障的模块式变流装置的第一旁路开关以及第二旁路开关。调整控制目标，维持组合型换流器输出电压稳定。When the combined converter is running, when a failure inside the combined converter is detected, find the faulty modular converter. The AC-DC converter and the DC-DC converter of the modular converter that has failed are blocked. Close the first bypass switch and the second bypass switch of the faulty modular converter. Adjust the control target to keep the output voltage of the combined converter stable.
如图8所示，当组合型换流器输出交流电压时，控制方法包括如下步骤。As shown in FIG. 8, when the combined converter outputs an AC voltage, the control method includes the following steps.
基于每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，其中，模块式变流装置数量N＝m×n，m和n均为整数，列出模块式变流装置的所有可能 的串并联组合。Based on the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter and the given output DC voltage value of the combined converter, m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups. The number of type converters N = m × n, m and n are integers, and all possible series-parallel combinations of modular converters are listed.
根据一些实施例，计算获得m’＝U O/U C，每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为0～Uc，组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值为Uo。在所有串并联组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值。确定串联数m后，通过n＝N/m计算获得并联数量n值。设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c＝U 0/m。将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组。 According to some embodiments, m ′ = U O / U C is obtained by calculation. The output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is 0˜Uc, and the output DC voltage of the combined converter is given as Uo. In all series-parallel combinations, find the value of m greater than m 'and closest to m'. After determining the number of series m, the value of the number n of parallel connections is obtained by n = N / m calculation. Set the voltage given value of each modular converter as U'c = U 0 / m. The m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
闭合每组内部的连接开关，分开每组外部的连接开关。Close the internal connection switches of each group and separate the external connection switches of each group.
将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，将每组的除第一模块式变流装置的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置的负极开关之外的正极开关和负极开关分开。Close the positive switch in the first modular converter and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter in each group, and close the positive switch and the m-th module in the first modular converter in each group The positive and negative switches other than the negative switch of the flow device are separated.
启动组合型换流器的交流电源。Switch on the AC power of the combined converter.
启动模块式变流装置中的交直变换器。Start the AC-DC converter in the modular converter.
启动模块式变流装置中的直直变换器。Start the DC-DC converter in the modular converter.
控制n组模块式变流装置的输出均流，以交流输出端为正负对称的交流电压为目标，调节每组模块的输出电压为0～Uc，包括0或Uc。其中，定义n组模块式变流装置的中部作为交流输出端，定义模块式变流装置的正极到交流输出端为上桥臂，定义模块式变流装置的负极到交流输出端为下桥臂。Control the output current sharing of n groups of modular converters, with the AC output terminals being positive and negative symmetrical AC voltages as the goal, and adjust the output voltage of each group of modules to 0 ~ Uc, including 0 or Uc. Among them, the middle of the n-group modular converter is defined as the AC output terminal, the positive pole of the modular converter is defined as the upper arm, and the negative pole of the modular converter is defined as the lower arm. .
需要说明的是，对于前述的各方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本申请并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制，因为依据本申请，某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或者同时进行。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于可选实施例，所涉及的动作和模块并不一定是本申请所必须的。It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all described as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that this application is not limited by the described action order. Because according to the present application, certain steps may be performed in another order or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required for this application.
需要说明的是，以上参照附图所描述的每个实施例仅用以说明本申请而非限制本申请的范围，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的前提下对本申请进行的修改或者等同替换，均应涵盖在本申请的范围之内。此外，除上下文另有所指外，以单数形式出现的词包括复数形式，反之亦然。另外，除非特别说明，那么任何实施例的全部或一部分可结合任何其它实施例的全部或一部分来使用。It should be noted that each embodiment described above with reference to the drawings is only used to illustrate the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application The following modifications or equivalent replacements to this application shall be covered by the scope of this application. In addition, words in the singular include the plural unless the context indicates otherwise, and vice versa. In addition, all or part of any embodiment may be used in combination with all or part of any other embodiment, unless specifically stated otherwise.

Claims (15)

  1. 一种模块式变流装置，包括：A modular converter device includes:
    至少一个双级变换器，所述双极变换器包括：At least one two-stage converter, the bipolar converter comprising:
    交直变换器，用于实现交流电与直流电的变换；AC-DC converter for converting AC and DC power;
    直直变换器，用于实现直流电与直流电之间幅值的变换；所述直直变换器的直流输入端与所述交直变换器的直流输出端连接；A DC-DC converter for converting the amplitude between DC power and DC power; the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output terminal of the AC-DC converter;
    正极开关，一端连接所述直直变换器的直流输出正极，所述正极开关的另一端作为所述模块式变流装置的正极；A positive switch, one end of which is connected to the DC output positive of the direct-to-direct converter, and the other end of the positive switch is used as the positive of the modular converter;
    负极开关，一端连接所述直直变换器的直流输出负极，所述负极开关的另一端作为所述模块式变流装置的负极。A negative switch, one end of which is connected to the DC output negative of the direct-to-direct converter, and the other end of the negative switch is used as the negative of the modular converter.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的模块式变流装置，其中，所述交直变换器包括：The modular converter according to claim 1, wherein the AC-DC converter comprises:
    单相半桥变换器，包括至少两组功率半导体开关器件以及电容。A single-phase half-bridge converter includes at least two sets of power semiconductor switching devices and capacitors.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的模块式变流装置，其中，所述直直变换器包括：The modular converter according to claim 1, wherein the DC-DC converter comprises:
    两组单相全桥变换器，包括：Two sets of single-phase full-bridge converters, including:
    第一单相全桥变换器，直流输入侧为所述直直变换器的直流输入端；A first single-phase full-bridge converter, where a DC input side is a DC input end of the DC-DC converter;
    第二单相全桥变换器，直流输出侧为所述直直变换器的直流输出端；A second single-phase full-bridge converter, the DC output side is the DC output end of the DC-DC converter;
    隔离变压器，包括：Isolation transformers, including:
    原边，与所述第一单相全桥变换器的输出交流侧连接；The primary side is connected to the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter;
    副边，与所述第二单相全桥变换器的交流输入侧连接。The secondary side is connected to the AC input side of the second single-phase full-bridge converter.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的模块式变流装置，其中，所述直直变换器还包括：The modular converter according to claim 3, wherein the DC-DC converter further comprises:
    串联连接的电感与电容，连接在所述第一单相全桥变换器的输出交流侧与所述隔离变压器的原边之间。The series connected inductor and capacitor are connected between the output AC side of the first single-phase full-bridge converter and the primary side of the isolation transformer.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的模块式变流装置，还包括：The modular converter according to claim 1, further comprising:
    第一旁路开关，并联在所述模块式变流装置的交流输入端口。The first bypass switch is connected in parallel to the AC input port of the modular converter.
  6. 如权利要求1所述的模块式变流装置，还包括：The modular converter according to claim 1, further comprising:
    第二旁路开关，并联在所述直直变换器的直流输出正极与直流输出负极之间。A second bypass switch is connected in parallel between the DC output positive electrode and the DC output negative electrode of the DC-DC converter.
  7. 一种组合型换流器，包括：A combined converter includes:
    N个如权利要求1-6之任一项所述的模块式变流装置，其中N为大于等于2的整数，所述N个模块式变流装置的交流输入端口依次串联连接，首端和尾端为组合型换流器的交流输入端口；所述N个模块式变流装置的正极相连接，构成所述组合型换流器的直流输出正端，所述N个模块式变流装置的负极相连接，构成组合型换流器的直流输出负端；The N modular converters according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the AC input ports of the N modular converters are connected in series in sequence, and the head end and The tail end is the AC input port of the combined converter; the positive poles of the N modular converters are connected to form the DC output positive end of the combined converter, and the N modular converters Connected to the negative pole to form the DC output negative terminal of the combined converter;
    N-1个连接开关；第一个所述直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第一连接开关与第二个所述直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，第二个所述直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第二连接开关与第三个所述直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，第N-1所述直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第N-1连接开关与第N个所述直直变换器的直流输出正极连接。N-1 connection switches; the DC output negative pole of the first DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output positive pole of the second DC-DC converter through the first connection switch, and the second DC-DC converter The negative pole of the DC output of the DC-to-DC converter is connected to the positive pole of the third DC-to-DC converter through a second connection switch, and the negative pole of the DC output of the N-1 to DC-DC converter is connected to the N-th through N-1 The DC output of the DC-DC converter is connected to a positive pole.
  8. 一种模块式变流装置，包括至少一个双级变换器、一个正极开关和一个负极开关；所述双极变换器包括一个交直变换器和一个直直变换器，所述交直变换器实现交流电与直流电的变换，所述直直变换器实现直流电与直流电之间幅值的变换，所述交直变换器的直流输出端与直直变换器的直流输入端连接；所述所有直直变换器的直流输出正极与正极开关的一端连接，正极开关的另一端作为模块式变流装置正极；直流输出负极与负极开关的一端连接，负极开关的另一端作为模块式变流装置负极。A modular converter device includes at least one two-stage converter, a positive switch and a negative switch. The bipolar converter includes an AC-to-DC converter and a DC-to-DC converter. Conversion of DC power, the DC-DC converter realizes the conversion between DC power and DC power, the DC output terminal of the AC-DC converter is connected to the DC input terminal of the DC-DC converter; The positive output terminal is connected to one end of the positive switch, and the other end of the positive switch is used as the positive end of the modular converter; the negative output terminal is connected to one end of the negative switch, and the other end of the negative switch is used as the negative end of the modular converter.
  9. 一种组合型换流器，包括N个如权利要求8所述的模块式变流装置，其中N为大于等于2的整数，所述组合型换流器还包括N-1个连接开关；所述N个模块式变流装置的交流输入端口依次串联连接，首端和尾端定义为组合型换流器的交流输入端口；所述N个模块式变流装置的正极相连，构成组合型换流器的直流输出正端，所述N个模块式变流装置的负极相连，构成组合型换流器的直流输出负端；第一个直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第一连接开关与第二个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，第二个直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第二连接开关与第三个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接，依次类推，第N-1直直变换器的直流输出负极通过第N-1连接开关与第N个直直变换器的直流输出正极连接。A combined converter comprising N modular converter devices according to claim 8, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the combined converter further comprises N-1 connection switches; The AC input ports of the N modular converters are connected in series in sequence, and the head and tail ends are defined as the AC input ports of the combined converter; the positive poles of the N modular converters are connected to form a combined converter. The DC output positive terminal of the converter, the negative terminals of the N modular converters are connected to form the DC output negative terminal of the combined converter; the DC output negative terminal of the first DC-DC converter is connected to the The DC output of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the positive pole, the DC output of the second DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output of the third DC-DC converter through the second connection switch, and so on, N-1 The DC output negative pole of the DC-DC converter is connected to the DC output positive pole of the N-th DC-DC converter through the N-1 connection switch.
  10. 一种如权利要求7的所述组合型换流器的控制方法，当所述组合型换流 器启动时，所述控制方法包括：A control method for the combined converter according to claim 7, when the combined converter is started, the control method comprises:
    基于每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，其中，模块式变流装置数量N＝m×n；Based on the output voltage adjustment range of each of the modular converters and a given value of the output DC voltage of the combined converter, m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups , Where the number of modular converter devices N = m × n;
    闭合每组内部的所述连接开关，分开每组外部的所述连接开关；Closing the connection switch inside each group and separating the connection switch outside each group;
    将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，将每组的除第一模块式变流装置的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置的负极开关之外的正极开关和负极开关分开；Close the positive switch in the first modular converter and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter in each group, and close the positive switch and the m-th module in the first modular converter in each group The positive switch and the negative switch other than the negative switch of the current device are separated;
    启动所述组合型换流器的交流电源；Starting the AC power of the combined converter;
    启动所述模块式变流装置中的交直变换器；Start the AC-DC converter in the modular converter;
    启动所述模块式变流装置中的直直变换器；Start the DC-DC converter in the modular converter;
    控制n组所述模块式变流装置的输出均流，每组内m个模块式变流装置的输出均压，每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压为U’c；Controlling the output current sharing of n groups of the modular converters, the output voltage of m modular converters in each group is equalized, and the output voltage of each of the modular converters is U′c;
    根据指令值调节所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压Uo。The output DC voltage Uo of the combined converter is adjusted according to a command value.
  11. 如权利要求10所述的控制方法，其中，所述基于每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，包括：The control method according to claim 10, wherein, based on the output voltage adjustment range of each of the modular converters and the output DC voltage given value of the combined converter, m modular The converter devices are connected in series to form a group, which are divided into n groups, including:
    列出所述模块式变流装置的所有可能的串并联组合，m为串联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，n为并联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，N＝m×n，m和n均为整数；List all possible series-parallel combinations of the modular converters, where m is the number of modular converters connected in series, n is the number of modular converters connected in parallel, N = m × n, m And n are integers;
    计算获得m’＝U O/U C，每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为0～Uc，组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值为Uo； It is calculated that m ′ = U O / U C , the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is 0 ～ Uc, and the output DC voltage of the combined converter is given as Uo;
    在所有串并联组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值；In all series-parallel combinations, find the value of m that is greater than m 'and closest to m';
    确定串联数m后，通过n＝N/m计算获得并联数量n值；After determining the number of series m, the value of the number n of parallel connections is obtained by n = N / m calculation;
    设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c＝U 0/m； Set the voltage given value of each modular converter as U'c = U 0 / m;
    将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组。The m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
  12. 一种如权利要求7所述组合型换流器的控制方法，当检测到换流器内部 有故障发生时，所述控制方法包括：A control method for a combined converter according to claim 7, wherein when a fault occurs inside the converter is detected, the control method comprises:
    判断发生故障的模块式变流装置；Module converter for judging failure;
    闭锁发生故障的模块式变流装置的交直变换器以及直直变换器；AC-DC converters and DC-DC converters of modular converters that have failed;
    调整所述模块式变流装置的输出直流电压，保持所述组合型换流器输出电压稳定。The output DC voltage of the modular converter is adjusted to keep the output voltage of the combined converter stable.
  13. 如权利要求12所述的控制方法，还包括：The control method according to claim 12, further comprising:
    闭合发生故障的模块式变流装置的第一旁路开关或/和第二旁路开关。Close the first bypass switch or / and the second bypass switch of the faulty modular converter.
  14. 一种基于权利要求7所述组合型换流器的控制方法，当组合型换流器输出交流电压时，所述方法包括：A control method based on the combined converter according to claim 7, when the combined converter outputs an AC voltage, the method comprises:
    基于每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，其中，模块式变流装置数量N＝m×n；Based on the output voltage adjustment range of each of the modular converters and a given value of the output DC voltage of the combined converter, m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups. , Where the number of modular converter devices N = m × n;
    闭合每组内部的所述连接开关，分开每组外部的所述连接开关；Closing the connection switch inside each group and separating the connection switch outside each group;
    将每组的第一模块式变流装置中的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置中的负极开关闭合，将每组的除第一模块式变流装置的正极开关和第m模块式变流装置的负极开关之外的正极开关和负极开关分开；Close the positive switch in the first modular converter and the negative switch in the m-th modular converter in each group, and close the positive switch and the m-th module in the first modular converter in each group The positive switch and the negative switch other than the negative switch of the current device are separated;
    定义n组模块式变流装置的中部作为交流输出端，定义所述模块式变流装置的正极到交流输出端为上桥臂，定义所述模块式变流装置的负极到交流输出端为下桥臂；Define the middle of the n sets of modular converters as the AC output, define the positive pole of the modular converter to the AC output as the upper arm, and define the negative of the modular converter to the AC output as the lower Bridge arm
    启动组合型换流器的交流电源；Start the AC power of the combined converter;
    启动模块式变流装置中的交直变换器；Start the AC-DC converter in the modular converter;
    启动模块式变流装置中的直直变换器；Start the DC-DC converter in the modular converter;
    控制n组模块式变流装置的输出均流，以交流输出端为正负对称的交流电压为目标，调节每组模块的输出电压为0～Uc。Control the output current sharing of the n groups of modular converters, with the AC output terminal being the positive and negative symmetrical AC voltage as the goal, and adjusting the output voltage of each group of modules to 0 ~ Uc.
  15. 如权利要求14所述的控制方法，其中，所述基于每个所述模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围和所述组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值，将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组，包括：The control method according to claim 14, wherein, based on the output voltage adjustment range of each of the modular converters and the output DC voltage given value of the combined converter, m modular The converter devices are connected in series to form a group, which are divided into n groups, including:
    列出所述模块式变流装置的所有可能的串并联组合，m为串联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，n为并联连接的模块式变流装置的数量，N＝m×n，m和n均为整数；List all possible series-parallel combinations of the modular converters, where m is the number of modular converters connected in series, n is the number of modular converters connected in parallel, N = m × n, m And n are integers;
    计算获得m’＝U O/U C，每个模块式变流装置的输出电压调节范围为0～Uc，组合型换流器的输出直流电压给定值为Uo； It is calculated that m ′ = U O / U C , the output voltage adjustment range of each modular converter is 0 ～ Uc, and the output DC voltage of the combined converter is given as Uo;
    在所有串并联组合中，找出大于m’且与m’最接近的m值；In all series-parallel combinations, find the value of m that is greater than m 'and closest to m';
    确定串联数m后，通过n＝N/m计算获得并联数量n值；After determining the number of series m, the value of the number n of parallel connections is obtained by n = N / m calculation;
    设定每个模块式变流装置的电压给定值为U’c＝U 0/m； Set the voltage given value of each modular converter as U'c = U 0 / m;
    将m个模块式变流装置相互串联构成一组，共分为n组。The m modular converters are connected in series with each other to form a group, which is divided into n groups.
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