WO2020044424A1 - Hydrogen distribution planning device and hydrogen distribution planning method - Google Patents

Hydrogen distribution planning device and hydrogen distribution planning method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020044424A1
WO2020044424A1 PCT/JP2018/031656 JP2018031656W WO2020044424A1 WO 2020044424 A1 WO2020044424 A1 WO 2020044424A1 JP 2018031656 W JP2018031656 W JP 2018031656W WO 2020044424 A1 WO2020044424 A1 WO 2020044424A1
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
delivery
demand
evaluation value
unit
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PCT/JP2018/031656
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
裕之 山原
秋葉　剛史
山田　正彦
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東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2018/031656 priority Critical patent/WO2020044424A1/en
Publication of WO2020044424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020044424A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"

Definitions

  • the embodiment of the present invention relates to a hydrogen distribution planning device and a hydrogen distribution planning method.
  • a fuel cell device is known as a device that generates electricity without emitting carbon dioxide because it utilizes hydrogen. Since this fuel cell is generally fixedly used, it is necessary to carry hydrogen to the place where the fuel cell is installed.
  • a method of transporting hydrogen a method of transporting hydrogen to each installation location through pipes, a method of storing and transporting hydrogen in a curdle, a method of storing hydrogen in a tank trailer, and supplying it to a fixed storage device at a location of each fuel cell device. Methods are known.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydrogen distribution planning device and a hydrogen distribution planning method capable of suppressing generation of carbon dioxide generated when hydrogen is distributed to a plurality of demand bases.
  • the hydrogen distribution planning device generates an acquisition unit that acquires a hydrogen supply amount at a supply base, a hydrogen demand amount at each of a plurality of demand bases, and a plurality of delivery routes connecting the supply base and the plurality of demand bases.
  • An evaluation value is further calculated based on the converted amount of carbon dioxide for each of the plurality of demand bases according to the amount of use of the alternative energy.
  • FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a hydrogen delivery route according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a hydrogen distribution planning unit.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit.
  • the figure which shows the in-vehicle storage device used and the filling amount The figure which shows the hydrogen demand prediction amount in a demand base.
  • the figure which shows that hydrogen deficiency has not occurred.
  • Diagram showing the remaining amount of each on-board storage device 3 is an example of a flowchart of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit.
  • the figure which shows the delivery route which returns from delivery The figure which shows the reduced distance by a delivery putter, a straight line, and a bounce.
  • 9 is a flowchart of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit according to the second embodiment.
  • 13 is a flowchart of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit according to the third embodiment.
  • the figure which shows the example of the weight parameter concerning 4th Embodiment. 15 is a flowchart of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a hydrogen delivery route according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the supply route 2, a plurality of demand sites 4, and a delivery site 6 are provided in the hydrogen delivery route according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1 further shows a delivery vehicle 8. Although only one demand base 4 is shown in FIG. 1 for simplicity of illustration, a plurality of demand bases 4 are provided in the hydrogen delivery route according to the present embodiment.
  • Supply base 2 is a base for producing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to a plurality of demand bases 4.
  • a hydrogen production device 20 At the supply base 2, a hydrogen production device 20, a stationary storage device 22, and a plurality of on-vehicle storage devices 24 are arranged.
  • the hydrogen production device 20 produces hydrogen and oxygen using electric power generated by, for example, renewable energy.
  • the hydrogen production device 20 is connected to a stationary storage device 22 by piping.
  • the stationary storage device 22 stores the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen production device 20 via a pipe.
  • the plurality of on-vehicle storage devices 24 are, for example, car dolls, and are hydrogen storage devices that can be mounted on the delivery vehicle 8. The capacities of the plurality of in-vehicle storage devices 24 may be different from each other.
  • the onboard storage device 24 is filled with hydrogen from the stationary storage device 22.
  • the plurality of demand bases 4 are bases where the delivered hydrogen is converted into electric power and heat by the fuel cell device 42.
  • a stationary storage device 40 and a fuel cell 42 are arranged in each of the plurality of demand bases 4.
  • the stationary storage device 40 stores the hydrogen supplied from the on-vehicle storage device 24 loaded on the delivery vehicle 8.
  • the stationary storage device 40 is connected to the fuel cell device 42 via a pipe, and supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell device 42.
  • the fuel cell device 42 generates power using the hydrogen supplied from the stationary storage device 40 via a pipe, and generates electric power and heat.
  • the plurality of demand bases 4 are provided with a supply facility using alternative energy instead of hydrogen for supplying power when hydrogen in the fixed storage device 40 is insufficient.
  • a plurality of demand bases 4 are provided with a system power supply facility or a fossil fuel power generation facility.
  • a converted value of carbon dioxide according to the amount of power used is assigned to the power used by the alternative energy supply equipment as a hydrogen effective utilization parameter.
  • the delivery base 6 is a base where the delivery vehicle 8 that has finished delivering hydrogen stops. That is, when performing delivery of hydrogen, the delivery vehicle 8 departs from the delivery base 6, goes around the supply base 2 and the plurality of demand bases 4, and returns to the delivery base 6 again.
  • the delivery vehicle 8 is a vehicle that converts fossil fuel into power, and delivers the hydrogen stored in the on-vehicle storage device 24 to the plurality of demand bases 4.
  • the converted value of carbon dioxide according to the traveling distance is assigned to the delivery vehicle 8 as the carbon dioxide emission amount at the time of delivery.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a transmission / reception network of the hydrogen distribution planning device 100.
  • a measuring device 2a At the supply base 2, a measuring device 2a, a data server 2b, and a transmitting device 2c are further arranged.
  • measuring instruments 4a, 4b, 4c, a data server 4d, a transmitting device 4e, an electric device 44, and a heating device 46 are further arranged.
  • the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 has a hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a and a transmission / reception unit 100b.
  • the measuring device 2a of the supply base 2 measures the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen producing device 20 and the amount of hydrogen stored in the stationary storage device 22.
  • the data server 2b stores data measured by the measuring device 2a.
  • the transmitting device 2c transmits the data stored in the data server 2b to the hydrogen distribution planning device 100.
  • the measuring device 4 a of the demand base 4 measures the amount of hydrogen produced in the stationary storage device 40 and the amount of power generated by the fuel cell device 42.
  • the measuring device 4b measures the amount of power supplied to the electric device 44.
  • the measuring device 4c measures the amount of heat supplied to the heating device 46.
  • the data server 4d stores data measured by the measuring devices 4a, 4b, 4c.
  • the transmission device 4e transmits the data stored in the data server 4d to the hydrogen distribution planning device 100.
  • the receiving device 6a of the distribution base 6 receives the information on the hydrogen distribution plan planned by the hydrogen distribution planning device 100.
  • the display device 6b is, for example, a monitor, and displays information on the hydrogen distribution plan received by the receiving device 6a.
  • the driver of the delivery vehicle 8 executes hydrogen delivery according to the information on the hydrogen delivery plan received by the receiving device 6a.
  • the hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a of the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 generates a hydrogen distribution plan based on, for example, information received by the transmission / reception device 100b.
  • the transmission / reception device 100b receives a signal including data information transmitted from the transmission devices 4e of the plurality of demand bases 4 and a signal including data information transmitted from the transmission device 2c of the supply base 2. Further, the transmitting / receiving device 100b transmits information on the hydrogen distribution plan to the receiving device 6a of the distribution base 6.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a.
  • the hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a includes a supply base actual database 102, a supply prediction unit 104, a demand base execution database 106, and a hydrogen demand prediction unit 108.
  • the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 includes a demand prediction unit 110 and an operation planning unit 112.
  • the hydrogen delivery planning unit 100a includes a delivery route database 114, an input unit 116, a setting database 118, a display unit 120, and a hydrogen delivery plan generation unit 122.
  • the supply base record database 102 stores the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production apparatus 20 transmitted via the transmission device 2c of the supply base 2 and the amount of hydrogen stored in the stationary storage device 22.
  • the supply prediction unit 104 predicts a hydrogen production amount of the hydrogen production apparatus 20 based on data stored in the supply base performance database 102.
  • the supply prediction unit 104 calculates the hydrogen production amount of the hydrogen production apparatus 20 in units of, for example, one day, half a day, and one week using a general prediction method such as a moving average, a regression equation, and machine learning. Predict. Note that the supply prediction unit 104 according to the present embodiment corresponds to a hydrogen supply prediction unit.
  • the demand base implementation database 106 stores, for each demand base 4, data measured by the measuring devices 4a, 4b, and 4c transmitted via the transmission devices 4e of the plurality of demand bases 4.
  • the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 predicts the respective hydrogen demands at the plurality of demand bases 4. Assuming that the remaining amount of hydrogen in the stationary storage device 40 (FIG. 1) at the demand base 4 is 100%, for example, the amount of hydrogen used per day, that is, the hydrogen demand is estimated, and this is used as the hydrogen demand prediction result. And That is, the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 predicts the hydrogen demand regardless of the remaining amount of the stationary storage device 40.
  • the demand prediction unit 106 included in the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 predicts at least one of the power demand and the heat demand for each demand base 4 based on the data stored in the demand base implementation database 106.
  • the demand forecasting unit 110 uses, for example, a general forecasting method such as a moving average, a regression equation, and machine learning to calculate at least one of the power demand and the heat demand for each demand base 4 for one day, for example. Forecast in half a day, one week, etc.
  • the operation planning unit 112 included in the hydrogen demand forecasting unit 108 determines the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell device 42 at each demand base 4 based on at least one of the power demand and the heat demand at each demand base 4 predicted by the demand forecasting unit 106. Is predicted in units of, for example, one day, half day, or one week. Then, the operation planning unit 112 generates an operation plan using the predicted hydrogen demand for each demand base 4. As described above, the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 predicts the hydrogen demand of each demand base 4 in units of, for example, one day, half a day, and one week.
  • the delivery route database 114 stores a plurality of delivery routes that connect at least the supply base 2 and the plurality of demand bases 4. Further, the delivery route database 114 stores a plurality of delivery routes connecting the supply base 2, the plurality of demand bases 4, and the delivery base 6. The delivery route database 114 stores the number of distances for each delivery route.
  • the input unit 116 inputs information necessary for the delivery plan.
  • the input unit 116 receives various input operations from the operator, converts the received input operations into electric signals, and outputs the electric signals to the hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a.
  • the input unit 116 is realized by a mouse, a keyboard, a trackball, a switch, a button, a joystick, and the like.
  • the setting database 118 stores information for imposing restrictions on the delivery plan generated by the hydrogen delivery plan generation unit 122.
  • the site priority, the weight parameter, and the delivery pattern are stored.
  • the important base priority indicates the priority of the plurality of demand bases 4. For example, when priority 1 is assigned, a delivery plan is generated with the hydrogen demand at that location as the first priority. The details of the important site priority, the weight parameter, and the delivery pattern will be described later.
  • the display unit 120 is, for example, a monitor, and displays information on the distribution plan generated by the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122, for example, information including at least one of a table and a graph. Further, the display unit 120 displays the constraint information based on the information in the setting database 118.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122.
  • the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 is configured by, for example, a processor, and generates a hydrogen distribution plan.
  • the hydrogen delivery plan generation unit 122 includes an acquisition unit 124, a constraint setting unit 126, a route generation unit 128, an evaluation value calculation unit 130, a delivery planning unit 136, a vehicle storage device state estimation unit 138, and a filling planning unit. 140, a hydrogen demand extraction unit 142, a display control unit 144, and a storage unit 146.
  • the acquisition unit 124 acquires the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2 and the respective hydrogen demands at the plurality of demand bases 4.
  • the acquisition unit 124 determines, for example, the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2 predicted by the supply prediction unit 104 (FIG. 3) and the hydrogen demand amounts at the plurality of demand bases 4 predicted by the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 (FIG. 3). To get.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets a constraint on at least one of the delivery route generated by the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value distribution calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 uses, for example, information selected by the operator from information stored in the setting database 118 via the input unit 116 (FIG. 3) as a constraint, and sets a route generation unit 128 and an evaluation value calculation unit 130. Set to at least one of
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an example of a constraint indicating a delivery condition.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets the number of delivery vehicles 8, the total number of in-vehicle storage devices 24, the in-vehicle storage devices 24 that can be delivered in one delivery, , And the capacity of each in-vehicle storage device 24 are set.
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram showing an example of effective hydrogen utilization parameters.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets the carbon dioxide equivalent amount for each demand base D1, D2, D3, that is, the effective hydrogen utilization parameter, for the evaluation value calculation unit 130.
  • the hydrogen effective utilization parameter is a parameter that is set according to the degree to which hydrogen can be effectively utilized based on the actual power and heat demand data of the demand base 4. In other words, the higher the degree to which hydrogen can be effectively used, the higher the carbon dioxide conversion amount when hydrogen is insufficient, that is, the set value of the hydrogen effective utilization parameter.
  • the hydrogen effective utilization parameter may be obtained by statistical processing.
  • the hydrogen effective utilization parameters 30, 20, and 10 indicate the amount of carbon dioxide generated when the generated power corresponding to the insufficient unit hydrogen amount is replaced with another energy. That is, when replacing the deficient hydrogen with other energy, the converted amount 30 of carbon dioxide in the demand facility D3 is the largest, the converted amount 20 of carbon dioxide in the demand facility D2 is the second largest, and the carbon dioxide in the demand facility D1 is the next largest. Is the smallest. Thus, the larger the effective hydrogen utilization parameter, the greater the amount of carbon dioxide generated per unit of hydrogen replaced by other energy.
  • FIG. 5C is a diagram showing an example of a weight parameter. As illustrated in FIG. 5C, the constraint setting unit 126 sets a weight parameter for the evaluation value calculation unit 130.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 can set the evaluation value calculation unit 130 to one of a first mode in which hydrogen deficiency is not permitted and a second mode in which hydrogen deficiency is permitted.
  • the route generation unit 128 includes the number of delivery vehicles 8 set by the constraint setting unit 126, the total number of vehicle-mounted storage devices 24, the total number of vehicle-mounted storage devices 24 that can be delivered in one delivery, the vehicle-mounted storage device Based on the capacity of 24, a plurality of delivery routes connecting the supply base 2 and the plurality of demand bases 4 are generated.
  • the evaluation value calculation unit 130 calculates an evaluation value for each of a plurality of delivery routes generated by the route generation unit 128.
  • the evaluation value calculation unit 130 includes an emission amount calculation unit 132 and an opportunity loss calculation unit 134.
  • the emission amount calculation unit 132 calculates a first evaluation value for each of the plurality of delivery routes generated by the route generation unit 128 based on the amount of carbon dioxide generated when the hydrogen supply amount at the supply site 2 is delivered to the plurality of demand sites 4. calculate.
  • the opportunity loss calculation unit 134 calculates the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2 based on the amount of carbon dioxide generated according to the usage amount of the alternative energy for the hydrogen shortage when the hydrogen shortage occurs even when the hydrogen supply amount is supplied to the plurality of demand bases 4.
  • the second evaluation value is calculated for each of the plurality of delivery routes generated by the route generation unit 128.
  • the opportunity loss calculation unit 134 calculates a carbon dioxide reduction opportunity loss as the second evaluation value, for example.
  • the shortage amount [Nm 3 ]) is calculated.
  • the evaluation value calculation unit 130 may calculate the evaluation value based on a route that does not deliver hydrogen to the demand base 4 where the shortage of hydrogen occurs.
  • the calculation of the emission amount calculation unit 132 of the evaluation value calculation unit 130 includes N days.
  • the estimated remaining amount of the stationary storage device 40 at the start of the eye ⁇ the predicted hydrogen demand on the Nth day.
  • the total amount of filling of the on-vehicle storage device 24 on the Nth day ⁇ the predicted hydrogen supply amount on the Nth day, and the filling amount of one on-vehicle storage device 24 on the Nth day ⁇ the on-vehicle storage device 24 Is set as the maximum capacity.
  • the filling amount in the on-vehicle storage device 24 delivered on the Nth day 0.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets the second mode, that is, when the opportunity loss of carbon dioxide reduction is considered, the calculation of the emission amount calculation unit 132 and the opportunity loss calculation unit 134 starts on the Nth day.
  • the total filling amount of the on-vehicle storage device 24 on the Nth day ⁇ the predicted hydrogen supply amount on the Nth day, and the filling amount of one on-vehicle storage device 24 on the Nth day ⁇
  • ⁇ Evaluation value calculation section 130 calculates an evaluation value in accordance with the weight parameter (FIG. 5C) set for evaluation value calculation section 130 by constraint setting section 126. For example, the first evaluation value is multiplied by a set value 1 of carbon dioxide emission during delivery (FIG. 5C) as a weight, and the second evaluation value is a set value 1 of carbon dioxide reduction opportunity loss (FIG. 5C). Is multiplied as a weight.
  • the evaluation value calculation unit 130 adds the weighted first evaluation value and second evaluation value, for example, to obtain an evaluation value.
  • the delivery plan unit 136 creates a delivery plan for the hydrogen generated at the supply base 2 based on the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130.
  • the delivery plan unit 136 uses a delivery route whose evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 indicates the minimum value for the delivery plan.
  • the delivery planning unit 136 also includes information on the hydrogen supply amounts and supply orders to the plurality of demand bases 4 in the delivery plan.
  • the above-mentioned distribution pattern means information including at least a distribution route whose evaluation value indicates the minimum value, a hydrogen supply amount to the plurality of demand bases 4, and supply order information in the distribution route.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6G are diagrams showing examples of a delivery plan planned by the delivery planning unit 136 when the hydrogen shortage does not occur.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a delivery date, a demand base for delivery, and presence / absence of a delivery schedule.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 to be used. 6A and 6B, circles indicate selected items. The same applies to the following description.
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram showing the predicted amount of hydrogen supply at the supply base 2.
  • FIG. 6D is a diagram illustrating the on-vehicle storage device 24 and the filling amount to be used.
  • FIG. 6E is a diagram showing the predicted hydrogen demand at the demand base 4.
  • FIG. 6F is a diagram illustrating the estimated remaining amount of the fixed storage device 40 at the demand base 4.
  • FIG. 6G is a diagram showing that hydrogen deficiency has not occurred.
  • the delivery plan unit 136 generates a delivery plan, for example, every day.
  • FIGS. 7A to 7G are diagrams showing examples of a delivery plan planned by the delivery planning unit 137 when a hydrogen deficiency occurs.
  • FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a delivery date, a demand base for delivery, and whether or not there is a delivery schedule.
  • FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 to be used.
  • FIG. 7C is a diagram illustrating a predicted hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2.
  • FIG. 7D is a diagram illustrating the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 and the filling amount to be used.
  • FIG. 7E is a diagram showing the predicted hydrogen demand at the demand base 4.
  • FIG. 7F is a diagram illustrating the estimated remaining amount of the stationary storage device 40 at the demand base 4.
  • FIG. 7G is a diagram showing that hydrogen deficiency occurs on June 7.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing examples of delivery plans for every half day planned by the delivery planning unit 136.
  • FIG. 8A is a diagram showing morning and afternoon of a delivery day, a demand base for delivery, and presence / absence of a delivery schedule.
  • FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 used in the morning and afternoon of the delivery day.
  • the delivery plan unit 136 may generate a delivery plan, for example, every half day.
  • the in-vehicle storage device state estimating unit 138 estimates the position and the remaining amount of the in-vehicle storage device 24 at the end of the previous delivery.
  • the route generation unit 128 creates a transport route using the estimation result as an initial value. This makes it possible to create a delivery plan more suitable for actual operation.
  • the filling planning unit 140 fills the fully loaded in-vehicle storage device 24 when the plurality of in-vehicle storage devices 24 used for delivery of the hydrogen supplied from the supply base 2 include the fully-filled in-vehicle storage device 24. Generate a hydrogen filling plan.
  • the filling planning unit 140 plans a method of distributing and filling the hydrogen supply amount to the on-vehicle storage device 24. For example, if the on-vehicle storage device 24 has to be fully charged in three days, a hydrogen filling plan for filling the on-vehicle storage device 24 by 1/3 of the capacity of the on-vehicle storage device is generated.
  • 1/3 of the capacity of the on-vehicle storage device 24 is subtracted every day from the hydrogen supply prediction result, and the remainder is used to create a hydrogen delivery plan. That is, in this case, the calculation by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 uses the hydrogen supply amount obtained by subtracting 1/3 of the hydrogen amount of the capacity of the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 every day. This makes it possible to make a distribution plan that is consistent with other hydrogen demands.
  • the hydrogen demand extraction unit 142 When the hydrogen supplied from the supply base 2 is included in another hydrogen delivery plan different from the hydrogen delivery plan planned by the delivery planning unit 136, the hydrogen demand extraction unit 142 outputs the hydrogen demand from the other hydrogen delivery plan. Extract information.
  • the hydrogen demand extracting unit 142 obtains information on the timing and amount of hydrogen to be delivered from the supply base 2 and the timing and amount of hydrogen to be delivered to the demand base from other hydrogen delivery plans, and the evaluation value calculation unit 130. That is, the evaluation value calculation unit 130 uses the information on the timing and amount of hydrogen delivered from the supply base 2 extracted by the hydrogen demand extraction unit 142 and the amount of hydrogen and the amount of hydrogen delivered to the demand base 4. . This makes it possible to establish a hydrogen distribution plan that is consistent with other hydrogen distribution plans.
  • FIGS. 9A to 9D are examples of graphs displayed on the display unit 120.
  • FIG. FIG. 9A is a diagram showing the hydrogen delivery amount for each of the plurality of demand bases D1, D2, and D3. The horizontal axis indicates the date, and the vertical axis indicates the hydrogen delivery amount.
  • FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating the hydrogen demand for each of the plurality of demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and the estimated remaining amount of the fixed-value storage amount device 40. The horizontal axis indicates the date, and the vertical axis indicates the hydrogen demand and the estimated remaining amount of the fixed-value storage amount device 40.
  • FIG. 9C is a diagram equivalent to FIG. 9B and shows the amount of insufficient hydrogen in a square.
  • FIG. 9D is a diagram illustrating the remaining amount of each of the in-vehicle storage amount devices C1, C2, and C3.
  • the horizontal axis indicates the date, and the vertical axis indicates the remaining amount for each of the in-vehicle storage amount devices C1, C2, and C3.
  • charts such as FIGS. 5A to 5C, FIGS. 6A to 6G, FIGS. 7A to 7G, FIGS. 8A to 8B, and FIGS. 9A to 9D are also transmitted to the delivery base 6 (FIG. 2), and the display device 6b (FIG. ).
  • the display control unit 144 controls the display unit 120 to display the information set by the constraint setting unit 126, the information on the delivery plan generated by the delivery planning unit 136, and the like.
  • the display control unit 144 performs control to display, for example, FIGS. 5A to 5C, FIGS. 6A to 6G, FIGS. 7A to 7G, FIGS. 8A to 8B, and FIGS. 9A to 9D on the display unit 120. This facilitates setting and makes it easier to understand the result.
  • the storage unit 146 is realized by, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory), a semiconductor memory device such as a flash memory, a hard disk, an optical disk, or the like.
  • the storage unit 146 stores, for example, information set by the constraint setting unit 126.
  • the storage unit 146 stores various programs executed by the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122.
  • the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 is configured by, for example, a processor.
  • the term processor is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or an application-specific integrated circuit (Application Specialized Integrated Circuit: ASIC), a programmable logic device (for example, a programmable logic device, for example).
  • SPLD Simple Programmable Logic Device
  • CPLD Composite Programmable Logic Device
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the processor realizes the functions by reading and executing the program stored in the storage unit 146.
  • the supply prediction unit 104 and the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 are also configured by the processor, and have a storage (not shown). The function is realized by reading and executing the program stored in the section.
  • FIG. 10 is an example of a flowchart showing a processing example of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122.
  • the acquisition unit 124 acquires the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2 predicted by the supply prediction unit 104 and the respective hydrogen demand amounts at the plurality of demand bases 4 predicted by the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108. (Step S100).
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets the constraint conditions including the setting of the mode 1 or the mode 2 in the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value calculation unit 130 (step S102). Subsequently, the route generation unit 128 generates a route according to the constraint (Step S104). The route generation unit 128 generates a different route each time according to the constraint condition.
  • the emission amount calculation unit 132 calculates a first evaluation value based on the carbon dioxide amount generated when the hydrogen supply amount is delivered to the plurality of demand bases 4 (step S106).
  • the opportunity loss calculation unit 134 determines whether or not the setting is mode 2 (step S108). If the setting is mode 2 (YES in step S108), hydrogen is effectively used for each of the plurality of demand bases 4 Based on the parameters, a second evaluation value is calculated as a carbon dioxide opportunity loss (step S110). On the other hand, when the mode is not the mode 2 (NO in step S108), the opportunity loss calculation unit 134 does not calculate the second evaluation value. Subsequently, the evaluation value calculation unit 130 adds the weighted first evaluation value and the second evaluation value as evaluation values, and stores the result in the storage unit 146 (step S112). However, when the mode is not the mode 2, the evaluation value calculation unit 130 does not add the second evaluation value to the evaluation value.
  • the delivery plan unit 136 compares the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 with the evaluation value already stored in the storage unit 146 (step S114), and compares the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 with the evaluation value. Is smaller (YES in step S114), the evaluation value stored in the storage unit 146 is replaced with the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130. In the storage unit 146, a maximum value that can be calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 is set as an initial value. On the other hand, when the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 is equal to or larger than the evaluation value already stored in the storage unit 146 (NO in step S114), the delivery plan unit 136 is already stored in the storage unit 146. Do not replace the evaluation value.
  • step S118 determines whether or not the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times. If the number of calculations has been reached (YES in step S119), the body processing ends, and the delivery plan is completed. Generate. On the other hand, when the specified number of times has not been reached (NO in step S119), the processing from step S104 is repeated.
  • the evaluation value calculation unit 130 sets the second mode and supplies hydrogen to the plurality of demand bases 4 and the hydrogen shortage occurs
  • the evaluation value is calculated based on the converted amount of carbon dioxide for each of the plurality of demand bases 4 in accordance with the amount of the alternative energy used. This makes it possible to generate a hydrogen distribution plan that also takes into account the amount of carbon dioxide used when generating electric power used to compensate for the shortage of hydrogen.
  • the route generation unit 128 In the hydrogen delivery planning device 100 according to the modification of the first embodiment, the route generation unit 128 considers “going straight” from the delivery base directly to the demand base and “going home” returning directly from the demand base to the delivery base. This is different from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, differences from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a delivery route for starting delivery.
  • the upper diagram of FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a delivery route that drops to the supply base S1 and then goes to the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and the delivery distance is 70 km.
  • the lower diagram of FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a delivery route from the delivery base C1 to the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and the delivery distance is 50 km.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a delivery route returning from delivery.
  • the upper diagram of FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a delivery route that stops at the supply base S1 from the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and the delivery distance is 70 kilometers.
  • the lower diagram of FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a delivery route to the delivery base C1 without stopping at the supply base S1, and the delivery distance is 50 km.
  • FIG. 13A is a diagram showing a delivery pattern and a reduced distance due to going straight and going back. As described above, when the direct and bounce are permitted, the delivery distance is reduced.
  • the route generation unit 128 includes a delivery including a direct route from the delivery base C1 to the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and a return route from the demand base to the delivery base C1 directly. Generate a route.
  • the evaluation value calculation unit 130 calculates the evaluation values of both the delivery route including at least one of the direct route and the return route and the delivery route not including the direct route and the return route. That is, based on the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130, the delivery planning unit 136 determines whether the delivery route includes at least one of the direct route and the return route, or the delivery route that does not include the direct route and the return route. Can be selected.
  • FIG. 13B is a diagram showing a delivery route planned by the delivery planning unit 136 and a vehicle-mounted storage device when going straight and going back are permitted. As shown in FIG. 13B, a delivery route including a direct and a bounce may be finally selected.
  • the display control unit 144 performs control to display the charts illustrated in FIGS. 13A and 13B on the display unit 120, for example.
  • the route generation unit 128 includes a direct route from the delivery base C1 to the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and a return to the delivery base C1 from the demand base.
  • a delivery route was created. As a result, when the amount of carbon dioxide emission in the delivery route is reduced, it is possible to select a route that includes at least one of a direct route and a direct return, and a more efficient delivery plan can be generated.
  • the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the second embodiment is different from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment in that a hydrogen distribution plan that takes into account the priority of hydrogen shortage at each demand base 4 is generated.
  • a hydrogen distribution plan that takes into account the priority of hydrogen shortage at each demand base 4 is generated.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the priorities set by the constraint setting unit 126 as constraints.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets a priority for each of the demand bases D1, D2, and D3.
  • Priority 1 has the highest priority
  • priority 2 is the second highest priority after priority 1.
  • Mode 1 is a mode in which any demand base does not allow a shortage of hydrogen.
  • Mode 2 is a mode in which a demand base set with priority 1 does not allow a shortage of hydrogen but a demand base set with priority 2 allows a shortage of hydrogen.
  • the mode 3 is a mode in which the demand base to which the priority 1 and the priority 2 are set is allowed to be short of hydrogen.
  • the distribution planning unit 136 generates a hydrogen distribution plan in consideration of the priority of each of the demand bases D1, D2, and D3.
  • FIG. 15 is an example of a flowchart of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 according to the second embodiment.
  • the delivery planning unit 136 determines whether the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (step S118). When the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (YES in step S118), it is determined whether or not a solution exists. A determination is made (step S202). If a solution exists (YES in step S202), the entire process ends. On the other hand, if there is no solution (NO in step S202), 1 is added to the counter (step S204), and the processing from step S102 is repeated. In the mode 3, the entire process ends even when no solution exists.
  • a delivery plan is generated in the mode 1, and when a solution is not obtained, the process is shifted to the mode 2, and when a solution is not obtained, the mode is shifted to the mode 3.
  • the demand base D3 preferentially according to the priority
  • the mode 3 the shortage of hydrogen at the demand base D3 having the priority 1 can be tolerated.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets the priority for each of the demand bases D1, D2, and D3. This makes it possible to generate a hydrogen distribution plan so as to satisfy the hydrogen demand of the demand base D3 for which the highest priority is set.
  • the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the third embodiment differs from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment in that a hydrogen distribution plan that takes into account the demand reduction rate for each demand base 4 is generated.
  • a hydrogen distribution plan that takes into account the demand reduction rate for each demand base 4 is generated.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets a demand reduction rate for each demand base 4. That is, when there is a shortage of hydrogen, the constraint setting unit 126 multiplies the demand reduction rate set for each demand base 4 by the hydrogen demand for each demand base 4 to reduce the entire hydrogen demand. Note that, similarly to the hydrogen distribution planning apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment, a distribution plan is first generated in mode 1, and if a solution cannot be obtained, the mode shifts to mode 2; The demand reduction rate set for each base 4 may be multiplied by the hydrogen demand for each demand base 4 to reduce the entire hydrogen demand.
  • FIG. 16 is an example of a flowchart of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 according to the third embodiment.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets the mode 1 by setting the counter to 0 (step S200). Subsequently, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the constraint conditions including the setting of the mode 1 in the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value calculation unit 130 (Step S300).
  • the demand reduction rate 1
  • the demand reduction rate is set to 1 at all the demand bases, and the hydrogen demand is multiplied.
  • the rescheduling counter is 1, the hydrogen demand is multiplied by, for example, 0.9 as the demand reduction rate.
  • the delivery planning unit 136 determines whether or not the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (step S118). If the number of times of calculation has reached the specified number of times (YES in step S119), it is determined whether or not a solution exists. A determination is made (step S302). If a solution exists (YES in step S302), the entire process ends. On the other hand, if there is no solution (NO in step S302), 1 is added to the counter (step S304), and the processing from step S300 is repeated.
  • the amount of hydrogen demand at each demand base 4 can be gradually reduced. This makes it possible to generate a hydrogen distribution plan that uses a larger amount of hydrogen and does not cause a shortage of hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the fourth embodiment is different from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment in that an operation suitability is provided.
  • differences from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a weight parameter according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 according to the fourth embodiment multiplies the evaluation value generated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 by the value of the weight parameter to the operation suitability, and adds the result.
  • the first evaluation value is multiplied by 1
  • the second evaluation value is multiplied by 1
  • the operation suitability is multiplied by 100 and added.
  • the operation suitability means a degree indicating how much a certain delivery plan can satisfy the conditions related to the operation. Examples of the degree of operation suitability include a small amount of hydrogen filled in the on-vehicle storage device and delivery on a delivery prohibited day. As the numerical value multiplied by the operation suitability increases, the operation constraint becomes more severe.
  • the operational suitability can be expressed by a condition that is difficult to express by an expression or by an expression. However, if it is incorporated as a constraint, it is used to cope with a condition that takes too much time to derive the optimal solution. In this way, by incorporating the evaluation values into the calculation of the evaluation value instead of the constraint conditions, it is possible to derive a plan that satisfies the conditions for operation while repeatedly solving the optimization problem.
  • the delivery planning unit 136 calculates the operation suitability of the delivery pattern indicating the delivery route and the hydrogen supply amount selected based on the evaluation value of the evaluation value calculation unit 130, and creates the delivery pattern again in the case of an operation violation.
  • FIG. 18 is an example of a flowchart of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 according to the fourth embodiment. Hereinafter, differences from FIG. 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, the constraint setting unit 126 sets a weight parameter including the operation suitability (step S400).
  • step S118 determines whether the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times. When the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (YES in step S119), it is determined whether the solution is an operation violation. A determination is made (step S402). If it is not an operation violation (NO in step S402), the entire process ends. On the other hand, if it is an operation violation (YES in step S402), the weight parameter for the operation suitability is changed (step S404), and the processing from step S400 is repeated.
  • the constraint setting unit 126 sets the weight parameter for the operation suitability. This makes it possible to generate a hydrogen distribution plan so as to satisfy the operational suitability.

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Abstract

A hydrogen distribution planning device according to this embodiment of the present invention is provided with: an acquisition unit that acquires a hydrogen supply amount at a supply base and the hydrogen demand amount at each of a plurality of demand bases; a route generation unit that generates a plurality of distribution routes for connecting the supply base to the demand bases; an evaluation value calculation unit that calculates an evaluation value for each of the distribution routes on the basis of the amount of carbon dioxide generated when the hydrogen supply amount is distributed to the demand bases; and a distribution planning unit that generates a plan for distributing hydrogen generated at the supply base on the basis of the evaluation value, wherein in the case where a hydrogen shortage occurs when the hydrogen supply amount is supplied to the plurality of demand bases, the evaluation value calculation unit calculates the evaluation value further on the basis of the carbon dioxide equivalent amount at each of the demand bases corresponding to the used amount of alternative energy with respect to a hydrogen shortage amount.

Description

水素配送計画装置および水素配送計画方法Hydrogen distribution planning device and hydrogen distribution planning method
　本発明の実施形態は、水素配送計画装置および水素配送計画方法に関する。 The embodiment of the present invention relates to a hydrogen distribution planning device and a hydrogen distribution planning method.
　燃料電池装置は、水素を利用するため二酸化炭素を排出せずに発電する装置として知られている。この燃料電池は一般に固定設置されて使用されるため、設置されている場所に水素を運ぶ必要がある。水素を運ぶ方法としては、配管を通して各設置場所に運ぶ方法、水素をカードルに貯蔵して運ぶ方法、水素をタンクトレーラーに貯蔵して、各燃料電池装置の設置場所にある定置貯蔵装置に補給する方法などが知られている。 A fuel cell device is known as a device that generates electricity without emitting carbon dioxide because it utilizes hydrogen. Since this fuel cell is generally fixedly used, it is necessary to carry hydrogen to the place where the fuel cell is installed. As a method of transporting hydrogen, a method of transporting hydrogen to each installation location through pipes, a method of storing and transporting hydrogen in a curdle, a method of storing hydrogen in a tank trailer, and supplying it to a fixed storage device at a location of each fuel cell device. Methods are known.
　水素ガス用に配管を設置するには設備費用がかかってしまう。それに対して、水素をカードルに貯蔵して運ぶ方法、水素をタンクトレーラーに貯蔵して各燃料電池装置の設置場所にある定置貯蔵装置に補給する方法が現実的である。ところが、水素の配送には化石燃料が使用され、二酸化炭素（ＣＯ２）を排出してしまうので、水素配送の効率化が求められている。 Installation of piping for hydrogen gas requires equipment costs. On the other hand, a method of storing and transporting hydrogen in a curdle, and a method of storing hydrogen in a tank trailer and supplying it to a stationary storage device at the installation location of each fuel cell device are practical. However, fossil fuels are used for the delivery of hydrogen, which emits carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Therefore, efficient delivery of hydrogen is required.
特許第３８０１８９８号公報Japanese Patent No. 3801898
　本発明が解決しようとする課題は、水素を複数の需要拠点へ配送する場合に生じる二酸化炭素の発生を抑制可能な水素配送計画装置および水素配送計画方法を提供することである。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hydrogen distribution planning device and a hydrogen distribution planning method capable of suppressing generation of carbon dioxide generated when hydrogen is distributed to a plurality of demand bases.
　本実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置は、供給拠点における水素供給量と、複数の需要拠点におけるそれぞれの水素需要量を取得する取得部と、供給拠点と複数の需要拠点を結ぶ配送経路を複数生成する経路生成部と、水素供給量を複数の需要拠点へ配送する場合に生じる二酸化炭素量に基づき、複数の配送経路毎に評価値を計算する評価値計算部と、評価値に基づき、供給拠点で生成される水素の配送計画を生成する配送計画部と、を備え、評価値計算部は、水素供給量を複数の需要拠点に供給しても水素不足が生じる場合に、水素不足の量に対する代替エネルギの使用量に応じた二酸化炭素の複数の需要拠点毎の換算量に更に基づき、評価値を計算する。 The hydrogen distribution planning device according to the present embodiment generates an acquisition unit that acquires a hydrogen supply amount at a supply base, a hydrogen demand amount at each of a plurality of demand bases, and a plurality of delivery routes connecting the supply base and the plurality of demand bases. A route generating unit, an evaluation value calculating unit that calculates an evaluation value for each of a plurality of delivery routes based on the amount of carbon dioxide generated when the hydrogen supply amount is delivered to a plurality of demand bases, and a supply base based on the evaluation value. And a distribution planning unit for generating a distribution plan for the hydrogen generated in the step (a). An evaluation value is further calculated based on the converted amount of carbon dioxide for each of the plurality of demand bases according to the amount of use of the alternative energy.
　本実施形態によれば、水素を複数の需要拠点へ配送する場合に生じる二酸化炭素の発生を抑制できる。 According to the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the generation of carbon dioxide generated when hydrogen is delivered to a plurality of demand bases.
第１実施形態に係る水素配送経路の概念図。FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a hydrogen delivery route according to the first embodiment. 水素配送計画装置の送受信網を示す図。The figure which shows the transmission / reception network of a hydrogen delivery planning apparatus. 水素配送計画部の詳細な構成を示すブロック図。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a hydrogen distribution planning unit. 水素配送計画生成部の詳細な構成を示すブロック図。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit. 配送条件を示す制約の例を示す図。The figure which shows the example of the constraint which shows a delivery condition. 水素有効活用パラメータの例を示す図。The figure which shows the example of hydrogen effective utilization parameter. 重みパラメータの例を示す図。The figure which shows the example of a weight parameter. 配送日と配送を行う需要拠点と、配予定の有無を示す図。The figure which shows the delivery date, the demand base which performs delivery, and the presence or absence of a delivery schedule. 使用する車載貯蔵装置を示す図。The figure which shows the vehicle-mounted storage device used. 供給拠点における水素供給予測量を示す図。The figure which shows the hydrogen supply predicted amount in a supply base. 使用する車載貯蔵装置及び充填量を示す図。The figure which shows the in-vehicle storage device used and the filling amount. 需要拠点における水素需要予測量を示す図。The figure which shows the hydrogen demand prediction amount in a demand base. 需要拠点における定置貯蔵装置の推定残量を示す図。The figure which shows the estimated remaining amount of the stationary storage device in a demand base. 水素不足が発生していないことを示す図。The figure which shows that hydrogen deficiency has not occurred. 水素不足時の配送日と配送を行う需要拠点と、配予定の有無を示す図。The figure which shows the delivery date at the time of hydrogen shortage, the demand base which performs delivery, and the presence or absence of a delivery schedule. 水素不足時の使用する車載貯蔵装置を示す図。The figure which shows the vehicle-mounted storage device used at the time of hydrogen shortage. 水素不足時の供給拠点における水素供給予測量を示す図。The figure which shows the hydrogen supply prediction amount in the supply base at the time of hydrogen shortage. 水素不足時に使用する車載貯蔵装置及び充填量を示す図。The figure which shows the in-vehicle storage apparatus and filling amount used at the time of a shortage of hydrogen. 水素不足時の需要拠点における水素需要予測量を示す図。The figure which shows the hydrogen demand prediction amount in the demand base at the time of hydrogen shortage. 水素不足時の需要拠点における定置貯蔵装置の推定残量を示す図。The figure which shows the estimated remaining amount of the fixed storage device in the demand base at the time of hydrogen shortage. 水素不足が発生することを示す図。The figure which shows that hydrogen deficiency occurs. 午前及び午後と、配送を行う需要拠点と、配予定の有無を示す図。The figure which shows the morning and afternoon, the demand base which performs delivery, and the presence or absence of a delivery schedule. 配送日の午前及び午後に使用する車載貯蔵装置を示す図。The figure which shows the vehicle-mounted storage device used in the morning and afternoon of a delivery day. 複数の需要拠点毎の水素配送量を示す図。The figure which shows the hydrogen delivery amount for every several demand bases. 複数の需要拠点毎の水素需要量、定値貯蔵量装置の推定残量を示す図。The figure which shows the hydrogen demand amount for every several demand bases, and the estimated remaining amount of a fixed value storage amount apparatus. 不足水素量を四角形で示す図。The figure which shows the amount of insufficient hydrogen by a square. 車載貯蔵量装置毎の残量を示す図Diagram showing the remaining amount of each on-board storage device 水素配送計画生成部のフロチャートの一例。3 is an example of a flowchart of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit. 配送を開始する配送経路を示す図。The figure which shows the delivery route which starts delivery. 配送から戻る配送経路を示す図。The figure which shows the delivery route which returns from delivery. 配送パターと直行、直帰による減少距離を示す図。The figure which shows the reduced distance by a delivery putter, a straight line, and a bounce. 配送計画部で計画された配送経路、車載貯蔵装置を示す図。The figure which shows the delivery route planned by the delivery plan part, and an in-vehicle storage device. 制約設定部が制約として設定する優先度を示す図。The figure which shows the priority which a constraint setting part sets as a constraint. 第２実施形態に係る水素配送計画生成部のフロチャート。9 is a flowchart of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit according to the second embodiment. 第３実施形態に係る水素配送計画生成部のフロチャート。13 is a flowchart of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit according to the third embodiment. 第４実施形態に係る重みパラメータの例を示す図。The figure which shows the example of the weight parameter concerning 4th Embodiment. 第４実施形態に係る水素配送計画生成部のフロチャート。15 is a flowchart of a hydrogen distribution plan generation unit according to the fourth embodiment.
　以下、本発明の実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置および水素配送計画方法について、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。なお、以下に示す実施形態は、本発明の実施形態の一例であって、本発明はこれらの実施形態に限定して解釈されるものではない。また、本実施形態で参照する図面において、同一部分又は同様な機能を有する部分には同一の符号又は類似の符号を付し、その繰り返しの説明は省略する場合がある。また、図面の寸法比率は説明の都合上実際の比率とは異なる場合や、構成の一部が図面から省略される場合がある。 Hereinafter, a hydrogen distribution planning device and a hydrogen distribution planning method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are examples of the embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not construed as being limited to these embodiments. In the drawings referred to in this embodiment, the same portions or portions having similar functions are denoted by the same reference numerals or similar reference numerals, and repeated description thereof may be omitted. Further, the dimensional ratios in the drawings may be different from the actual ratios for convenience of description, or some of the components may be omitted from the drawings.
　（第１実施形態）
　図１は、第１実施形態に係る水素配送経路の概念図である。図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る水素配送経路には、供給拠点２と、複数の需要拠点４と、配送拠点６とが設けられている。図１には更に配送車８が図示されている。なお、需要拠点４は図１中では図示の簡略化のために、１拠点しか図示されていないが、本実施形態に係る水素配送経路には複数の需要拠点４が設けられている。 (1st Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a hydrogen delivery route according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the supply route 2, a plurality of demand sites 4, and a delivery site 6 are provided in the hydrogen delivery route according to the present embodiment. FIG. 1 further shows a delivery vehicle 8. Although only one demand base 4 is shown in FIG. 1 for simplicity of illustration, a plurality of demand bases 4 are provided in the hydrogen delivery route according to the present embodiment.
　供給拠点２は、水素を製造し複数の需要拠点４に水素供給する拠点である。供給拠点２には、水素製造装置２０と、定置貯蔵装置２２と、複数の車載貯蔵装置２４が配置されている。水素製造装置２０は、例えば再生可能エネルギにより発電された電力により、水素と酸素を製造する。水素製造装置２０は、配管により定置貯蔵装置２２と接続されている。定置貯蔵装置２２は、配管を介して水素製造装置２０から供給された水素を貯蔵する。 Supply base 2 is a base for producing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to a plurality of demand bases 4. At the supply base 2, a hydrogen production device 20, a stationary storage device 22, and a plurality of on-vehicle storage devices 24 are arranged. The hydrogen production device 20 produces hydrogen and oxygen using electric power generated by, for example, renewable energy. The hydrogen production device 20 is connected to a stationary storage device 22 by piping. The stationary storage device 22 stores the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen production device 20 via a pipe.
　複数の車載貯蔵装置２４は、例えばカードルであり、配送車８に車載可能な水素貯蔵装置である。複数の車載貯蔵装置２４の容量はそれぞれ異なっていてもよい。車載貯蔵装置２４には、定置貯蔵装置２２から水素が充填される。 The plurality of on-vehicle storage devices 24 are, for example, car dolls, and are hydrogen storage devices that can be mounted on the delivery vehicle 8. The capacities of the plurality of in-vehicle storage devices 24 may be different from each other. The onboard storage device 24 is filled with hydrogen from the stationary storage device 22.
　複数の需要拠点４は、配送された水素を、燃料電池装置４２により電力と熱に変換する拠点である。複数の需要拠点４のそれぞれには、定置貯蔵装置４０と、燃料電池４２とが配置されている。定置貯蔵装置４０は、配送車８に積載された車載貯蔵装置２４から供給された水素を貯蔵する。定置貯蔵装置４０は、配管により燃料電池装置４２と接続され、燃料電池装置４２に水素を供給する。燃料電池装置４２は、配管を介して定置貯蔵装置４０から供給された水素を用いて発電し、電力と熱を生成する。 The plurality of demand bases 4 are bases where the delivered hydrogen is converted into electric power and heat by the fuel cell device 42. In each of the plurality of demand bases 4, a stationary storage device 40 and a fuel cell 42 are arranged. The stationary storage device 40 stores the hydrogen supplied from the on-vehicle storage device 24 loaded on the delivery vehicle 8. The stationary storage device 40 is connected to the fuel cell device 42 via a pipe, and supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell device 42. The fuel cell device 42 generates power using the hydrogen supplied from the stationary storage device 40 via a pipe, and generates electric power and heat.
　複数の需要拠点４には、定置貯蔵装置４０の水素が不足する場合に、電力を供給する水素に代替する代替エネルギによる供給設備が設けられている。例えば、複数の需要拠点４には、系統電力の供給設備が設けられたり、化石燃料による発電設備が設けられたりする。代替エネルギの供給設備による使用電力には、使用電力量に応じた二酸化炭素の換算値が、水素有効活用パラメータとして割り振られる。 需要 The plurality of demand bases 4 are provided with a supply facility using alternative energy instead of hydrogen for supplying power when hydrogen in the fixed storage device 40 is insufficient. For example, a plurality of demand bases 4 are provided with a system power supply facility or a fossil fuel power generation facility. A converted value of carbon dioxide according to the amount of power used is assigned to the power used by the alternative energy supply equipment as a hydrogen effective utilization parameter.
　配送拠点６は、水素の配送が終了した配送車８が停車する拠点である。すなわち、配送車８は、水素配送を行う際に、配送拠点６から出発し、供給拠点２や複数の需要拠点４を回って、再び配送拠点６に戻ってくる。 The delivery base 6 is a base where the delivery vehicle 8 that has finished delivering hydrogen stops. That is, when performing delivery of hydrogen, the delivery vehicle 8 departs from the delivery base 6, goes around the supply base 2 and the plurality of demand bases 4, and returns to the delivery base 6 again.
　配送車８は、化石燃料を動力に変換する車であり、車載貯蔵装置２４に貯蔵された水素を複数の需要拠点４に配送する。配送車８には、走行距離に応じた二酸化炭素の換算値が、配送時二酸化炭素排出量として割り振られる。 The delivery vehicle 8 is a vehicle that converts fossil fuel into power, and delivers the hydrogen stored in the on-vehicle storage device 24 to the plurality of demand bases 4. The converted value of carbon dioxide according to the traveling distance is assigned to the delivery vehicle 8 as the carbon dioxide emission amount at the time of delivery.
　図２は、水素配送計画装置１００の送受信網を示す図である。図２に示すように、供給拠点２には、計測器２ａと、データサーバ２ｂと、送信装置２ｃとが更に配置されている。需要拠点４には、計測器４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃと、データサーバ４ｄと、送信装置４ｅと、電気機器４４と、熱機器４６とが更に配置されている。水素配送計画装置１００は、水素配送計画部１００ａと、送受信部１００ｂとを有する。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a transmission / reception network of the hydrogen distribution planning device 100. As shown in FIG. 2, at the supply base 2, a measuring device 2a, a data server 2b, and a transmitting device 2c are further arranged. At the demand base 4, measuring instruments 4a, 4b, 4c, a data server 4d, a transmitting device 4e, an electric device 44, and a heating device 46 are further arranged. The hydrogen distribution planning device 100 has a hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a and a transmission / reception unit 100b.
　供給拠点２の計測器２ａは、水素製造装置２０の水素製造量と、定置貯蔵装置２２に貯蔵される水素量を計測する。データサーバ２ｂは、計測器２ａが計測したデータを記憶する。送信装置２ｃは、データサーバ２ｂに記憶されたデータを水素配送計画装置１００に送信する。 The measuring device 2a of the supply base 2 measures the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen producing device 20 and the amount of hydrogen stored in the stationary storage device 22. The data server 2b stores data measured by the measuring device 2a. The transmitting device 2c transmits the data stored in the data server 2b to the hydrogen distribution planning device 100.
　需要拠点４の計測器４ａは、定置貯蔵装置４０に貯蔵される水素製造量と、燃料電池装置４２の発電量を計測する。計測器４ｂは、電気機器４４に供給される電力量を計測する。計測器４ｃは、熱機器４６に供給される熱量を計測する。データサーバ４ｄは、計測器４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃが計測したデータを記憶する。送信装置４ｅは、データサーバ４ｄに記憶されたデータを水素配送計画装置１００に送信する。 The measuring device 4 a of the demand base 4 measures the amount of hydrogen produced in the stationary storage device 40 and the amount of power generated by the fuel cell device 42. The measuring device 4b measures the amount of power supplied to the electric device 44. The measuring device 4c measures the amount of heat supplied to the heating device 46. The data server 4d stores data measured by the measuring devices 4a, 4b, 4c. The transmission device 4e transmits the data stored in the data server 4d to the hydrogen distribution planning device 100.
　配送拠点６の受信装置６ａは、水素配送計画装置１００が計画した水素配送計画に関する情報を受信する。表示装置６ｂは、例えばモニターであり、受信装置６ａが受信した水素配送計画に関する情報を表示する。配送車８の運転士などは、受信装置６ａが受信した水素配送計画に関する情報に従った水素配送を実行する。 受 信 The receiving device 6a of the distribution base 6 receives the information on the hydrogen distribution plan planned by the hydrogen distribution planning device 100. The display device 6b is, for example, a monitor, and displays information on the hydrogen distribution plan received by the receiving device 6a. The driver of the delivery vehicle 8 executes hydrogen delivery according to the information on the hydrogen delivery plan received by the receiving device 6a.
　水素配送計画装置１００の水素配送計画部１００ａは、例えば送受信装置１００ｂが受信した情報に基づき、水素配送計画を生成する。送受信装置１００ｂは、複数の需要拠点４の送信装置４ｅから送信されたデータの情報を含む信号と、供給拠点２の送信装置２ｃから送信されたデータの情報を含む信号とを受信する。また、送受信装置１００ｂは、水素配送計画に関する情報を配送拠点６の受信装置６ａに送信する。 水 素 The hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a of the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 generates a hydrogen distribution plan based on, for example, information received by the transmission / reception device 100b. The transmission / reception device 100b receives a signal including data information transmitted from the transmission devices 4e of the plurality of demand bases 4 and a signal including data information transmitted from the transmission device 2c of the supply base 2. Further, the transmitting / receiving device 100b transmits information on the hydrogen distribution plan to the receiving device 6a of the distribution base 6.
　図３は、水素配送計画部１００ａの詳細な構成を示すブロック図である。図３に示すように、水素配送計画部１００ａは、供給拠点実績データベース１０２と、供給予測部１０４と、需要拠点実施データベース１０６と、水素需要予測部１０８とを備えて構成される。また、水素需要予測部１０８は、需要予測部１１０と、運転計画部１１２と、を有する。更に水素配送計画部１００ａは、配送経路データベース１１４と、入力部１１６と、設定データベース１１８と、表示部１２０と、水素配送計画生成部１２２とを備えて構成される。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a. As shown in FIG. 3, the hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a includes a supply base actual database 102, a supply prediction unit 104, a demand base execution database 106, and a hydrogen demand prediction unit 108. Further, the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 includes a demand prediction unit 110 and an operation planning unit 112. Further, the hydrogen delivery planning unit 100a includes a delivery route database 114, an input unit 116, a setting database 118, a display unit 120, and a hydrogen delivery plan generation unit 122.
　供給拠点実績データベース１０２は、供給拠点２の送信装置２ｃを介して送信された水素製造装置２０の水素製造量と、定置貯蔵装置２２に貯蔵される水素量とを記憶する。供給予測部１０４は、供給拠点実績データベース１０２に記憶されるデータに基づき、水素製造装置２０の水素製造量を予測する。この供給予測部１０４は、例えば、移動平均、回帰式、及び機械学習などの一般的な予測方法を用いて、水素製造装置２０の水素製造量を、例えば１日、半日、１週間単位などで予測する。なお、本実施形態に係る供給予測部１０４が水素供給予測部に対応する。 The supply base record database 102 stores the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production apparatus 20 transmitted via the transmission device 2c of the supply base 2 and the amount of hydrogen stored in the stationary storage device 22. The supply prediction unit 104 predicts a hydrogen production amount of the hydrogen production apparatus 20 based on data stored in the supply base performance database 102. The supply prediction unit 104 calculates the hydrogen production amount of the hydrogen production apparatus 20 in units of, for example, one day, half a day, and one week using a general prediction method such as a moving average, a regression equation, and machine learning. Predict. Note that the supply prediction unit 104 according to the present embodiment corresponds to a hydrogen supply prediction unit.
　需要拠点実施データベース１０６は、複数の需要拠点４の送信装置４ｅを介して送信された計測器４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃが計測したデータを需要拠点４毎に記憶する。 The demand base implementation database 106 stores, for each demand base 4, data measured by the measuring devices 4a, 4b, and 4c transmitted via the transmission devices 4e of the plurality of demand bases 4.
　水素需要予測部１０８は、複数の需要拠点４におけるそれぞれの水素需要量を予測する。需要拠点４の定置貯蔵装置４０（図１）の水素残量が１００％であると仮定して、例えば１日当たりの水素使用量、すなわち水素需要量を推定するものとし、これを水素需要予測結果とする。すなわち、水素需要予測部１０８は、定置貯蔵装置４０の残量によらず、水素需要量を予測する。 The hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 predicts the respective hydrogen demands at the plurality of demand bases 4. Assuming that the remaining amount of hydrogen in the stationary storage device 40 (FIG. 1) at the demand base 4 is 100%, for example, the amount of hydrogen used per day, that is, the hydrogen demand is estimated, and this is used as the hydrogen demand prediction result. And That is, the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 predicts the hydrogen demand regardless of the remaining amount of the stationary storage device 40.
　より詳細には、水素需要予測部１０８が有する需要予測部１０６は、需要拠点実施データベース１０６に記憶されるデータに基づき、需要拠点４毎の電力需要及び熱需要の内の少なくとも一方を予測する。この需要予測部１１０は、例えば、移動平均、回帰式、及び機械学習などの一般的な予測方法を用いて、需要拠点４毎の電力需要及び熱需要の内の少なくとも一方を、例えば１日、半日、１週間単位などで予測する。 More specifically, the demand prediction unit 106 included in the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 predicts at least one of the power demand and the heat demand for each demand base 4 based on the data stored in the demand base implementation database 106. The demand forecasting unit 110 uses, for example, a general forecasting method such as a moving average, a regression equation, and machine learning to calculate at least one of the power demand and the heat demand for each demand base 4 for one day, for example. Forecast in half a day, one week, etc.
　水素需要予測部１０８が有する運転計画部１１２は、需要予測部１０６が予測した需要拠点４毎の電力需要及び熱需要の内の少なくとも一方に基づき、需要拠点４毎における燃料電池装置４２の水素需要を例えば１日、半日、１週間単位などで予測する。そして、運転計画部１１２は、予測した水素需要を用いた運転計画を需要拠点４毎に生成する。このように、水素需要予測部１０８は、需要拠点４毎の水素需要を、例えば１日、半日、１週間単位などで予測する。 The operation planning unit 112 included in the hydrogen demand forecasting unit 108 determines the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell device 42 at each demand base 4 based on at least one of the power demand and the heat demand at each demand base 4 predicted by the demand forecasting unit 106. Is predicted in units of, for example, one day, half day, or one week. Then, the operation planning unit 112 generates an operation plan using the predicted hydrogen demand for each demand base 4. As described above, the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 predicts the hydrogen demand of each demand base 4 in units of, for example, one day, half a day, and one week.
　この場合の定置貯蔵装置４０（図１）の残量、配送量、需要量のバランス式は、Ｎ＋１日目開始時点の定置貯蔵装置４０の推定残量＝ｍａｘ（０、Ｎ日目開始時点の定置貯蔵装置４０の推定残量＋Ｎ日目の水素配送量－Ｎ日目の水素需要の予測量）として示すことが可能である。 In this case, the balance formula of the remaining amount, the delivery amount, and the demand amount of the stationary storage device 40 (FIG. 1) is obtained as follows: Estimated remaining amount of the stationary storage device 40 at the start of the (N + 1) th day = max (0, at the start of the Nth day) (Estimated remaining amount of the stationary storage device 40 + hydrogen delivery amount on the Nth day−predicted amount of hydrogen demand on the Nth day).
　配送経路データベース１１４は、供給拠点２と、複数の需要拠点４とを少なくとも結ぶ配送経路を複数記憶している。また、配送経路データベース１１４は、供給拠点２と、複数の需要拠点４と、配送拠点６と結ぶ配送経路を複数記憶している。また、配送経路データベース１１４は、配送経路ごとの距離数を記憶している。 The delivery route database 114 stores a plurality of delivery routes that connect at least the supply base 2 and the plurality of demand bases 4. Further, the delivery route database 114 stores a plurality of delivery routes connecting the supply base 2, the plurality of demand bases 4, and the delivery base 6. The delivery route database 114 stores the number of distances for each delivery route.
　入力部１１６は、配送計画に必要な情報を入力する。この入力部１１６は、操作者からの各種の入力操作を受け付け、受け付けた入力操作を電気信号に変換して水素配送計画部１００ａに出力する。例えば、入力部１１６は、マウスやキーボード、トラックボール、スイッチ、ボタン、ジョイスティック等により実現される。 The input unit 116 inputs information necessary for the delivery plan. The input unit 116 receives various input operations from the operator, converts the received input operations into electric signals, and outputs the electric signals to the hydrogen distribution planning unit 100a. For example, the input unit 116 is realized by a mouse, a keyboard, a trackball, a switch, a button, a joystick, and the like.
　設定データベース１１８には、水素配送計画生成部１２２が生成する配送計画に制約を設けるための情報が記憶されている。例えば、設定データベース１１８には、配送車８の台数、車載貯蔵装置２４の総数、一度の配送で配送可能な車載貯蔵装置２４の総数、車載貯蔵装置２４の容量、上述の水素有効活用パラメータ、重要拠点優先度、重みパラメータ、配送パターンが記憶されている。ここで、重要拠点優先度は、複数の需要拠点４の優先度を示す。例えば優先度１が割り振られると、その拠点の水素需要量を第１優先として配送計画が生成される。なお、重要拠点優先度、重みパラメータ、配送パターンの詳細は後述する。 The setting database 118 stores information for imposing restrictions on the delivery plan generated by the hydrogen delivery plan generation unit 122. For example, in the setting database 118, the number of delivery vehicles 8, the total number of in-vehicle storage devices 24, the total number of in-vehicle storage devices 24 that can be delivered in one delivery, the capacity of the in-vehicle storage device 24, the above-described hydrogen effective utilization parameters, The site priority, the weight parameter, and the delivery pattern are stored. Here, the important base priority indicates the priority of the plurality of demand bases 4. For example, when priority 1 is assigned, a delivery plan is generated with the hydrogen demand at that location as the first priority. The details of the important site priority, the weight parameter, and the delivery pattern will be described later.
　表示部１２０は、例えばモニターであり、水素配送計画生成部１２２が生成する配送計画に関する情報、例えば表及びグラフの少なくとも一方を含む情報を表示する。また、表示部１２０は、設定データベース１１８の情報に基づく制約情報を表示する。 The display unit 120 is, for example, a monitor, and displays information on the distribution plan generated by the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122, for example, information including at least one of a table and a graph. Further, the display unit 120 displays the constraint information based on the information in the setting database 118.
　図４は、水素配送計画生成部１２２の詳細な構成を示すブロック図である。図４に示すように、水素配送計画生成部１２２は、例えばプロセッサで構成され、水素配送計画を生成する。水素配送計画生成部１２２は、取得部１２４と、制約設定部１２６と、経路生成部１２８と、評価値計算部１３０と、配送計画部１３６と、車載貯蔵装置状態推定部１３８と、充填計画部１４０と、水素需要抽出部１４２と、表示制御部１４４と、記憶部１４６とを備える FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122. As shown in FIG. 4, the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 is configured by, for example, a processor, and generates a hydrogen distribution plan. The hydrogen delivery plan generation unit 122 includes an acquisition unit 124, a constraint setting unit 126, a route generation unit 128, an evaluation value calculation unit 130, a delivery planning unit 136, a vehicle storage device state estimation unit 138, and a filling planning unit. 140, a hydrogen demand extraction unit 142, a display control unit 144, and a storage unit 146.
　取得部１２４は、供給拠点２における水素供給量と、複数の需要拠点４におけるそれぞれの水素需要量とを取得する。取得部１２４は、例えば供給予測部１０４（図３）が予測した供給拠点２における水素供給量と、水素需要予測部１０８（図３）が予測した複数の需要拠点４におけるそれぞれの水素需要量とを取得する。 The acquisition unit 124 acquires the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2 and the respective hydrogen demands at the plurality of demand bases 4. The acquisition unit 124 determines, for example, the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2 predicted by the supply prediction unit 104 (FIG. 3) and the hydrogen demand amounts at the plurality of demand bases 4 predicted by the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 (FIG. 3). To get.
　制約設定部１２６は、経路生成部１２８が生成する配送経路及び評価値計算部１３０が計算する評価値配の少なくとも一方に制約を設ける。制約設定部１２６は、例えば、入力部１１６（図３）を介して設定データベース１１８に記憶される情報の中から操作者により選択された情報を制約として、経路生成部１２８及び評価値計算部１３０の少なくとも一方に設定する。 The constraint setting unit 126 sets a constraint on at least one of the delivery route generated by the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value distribution calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130. The constraint setting unit 126 uses, for example, information selected by the operator from information stored in the setting database 118 via the input unit 116 (FIG. 3) as a constraint, and sets a route generation unit 128 and an evaluation value calculation unit 130. Set to at least one of
　図５Ａは、配送条件を示す制約の例を示す図である。図５Ａに示すように、制約設定部１２６は、経路生成部１２８が生成する配送経路の制約として、配送車８の台数、車載貯蔵装置２４の総数、一度の配送で配送可能な車載貯蔵装置２４の総数、車載貯蔵装置２４毎の容量を設定する。 FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an example of a constraint indicating a delivery condition. As shown in FIG. 5A, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the number of delivery vehicles 8, the total number of in-vehicle storage devices 24, the in-vehicle storage devices 24 that can be delivered in one delivery, , And the capacity of each in-vehicle storage device 24 are set.
　図５Ｂは、水素有効活用パラメータの例を示す図である。図５Ｂに示すように、制約設定部１２６は、評価値計算部１３０に対して、需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３毎の二酸化炭素換算量、すなわち水素有効活用パラメータを設定する。水素有効活用パラメータは、需要拠点４の電力、及び熱需要の実績データにより水素を有効活用できる度合に応じて設定するパラメータである。換言すると水素を有効活用できる度合が高いほど、水素が不足する場合の二酸化炭素換算量、すなわち水素有効活用パラメータの設定値が高くなる。なお、水素有効活用パラメータを統計的処理により求めてもよい。 FIG. 5B is a diagram showing an example of effective hydrogen utilization parameters. As shown in FIG. 5B, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the carbon dioxide equivalent amount for each demand base D1, D2, D3, that is, the effective hydrogen utilization parameter, for the evaluation value calculation unit 130. The hydrogen effective utilization parameter is a parameter that is set according to the degree to which hydrogen can be effectively utilized based on the actual power and heat demand data of the demand base 4. In other words, the higher the degree to which hydrogen can be effectively used, the higher the carbon dioxide conversion amount when hydrogen is insufficient, that is, the set value of the hydrogen effective utilization parameter. In addition, the hydrogen effective utilization parameter may be obtained by statistical processing.
　例えば、水素有効活用パラメータ３０、２０、１０は、不足する単位水素量に相当する発電電力を他のエネルギで代替する場合に発生する二酸化炭素の量を示している。すなわち、不足する水素を他のエネルギで代替する場合に、需要施設Ｄ３における二酸化炭素の換算量３０が最も多く、需要施設Ｄ２における二酸化炭素の換算量２０が次に多く、需要施設Ｄ１における二酸化炭素の換算量１０が最も少なくなっている。このように、水素有効活用パラメータが大きくなる程、他のエネルギに代替された単位水素あたりの二酸化炭素の発生量が多くなることを示している。 For example, the hydrogen effective utilization parameters 30, 20, and 10 indicate the amount of carbon dioxide generated when the generated power corresponding to the insufficient unit hydrogen amount is replaced with another energy. That is, when replacing the deficient hydrogen with other energy, the converted amount 30 of carbon dioxide in the demand facility D3 is the largest, the converted amount 20 of carbon dioxide in the demand facility D2 is the second largest, and the carbon dioxide in the demand facility D1 is the next largest. Is the smallest. Thus, the larger the effective hydrogen utilization parameter, the greater the amount of carbon dioxide generated per unit of hydrogen replaced by other energy.
　図５Ｃは、重みパラメータの例を示す図である。図５Ｃに示すように、制約設定部１２６は、評価値計算部１３０に対して、重みパラメータを設定する。 FIG. 5C is a diagram showing an example of a weight parameter. As illustrated in FIG. 5C, the constraint setting unit 126 sets a weight parameter for the evaluation value calculation unit 130.
　また、制約設定部１２６は、評価値計算部１３０に対して、水素不足を許容しない第１モード、水素不足を許容する第２モードのいずれかを設定可能である。 The constraint setting unit 126 can set the evaluation value calculation unit 130 to one of a first mode in which hydrogen deficiency is not permitted and a second mode in which hydrogen deficiency is permitted.
　図４に示すように、経路生成部１２８は、制約設定部１２６が設定した配送車８の台数、車載貯蔵装置２４の総数、一度の配送で配送可能な車載貯蔵装置２４の総数、車載貯蔵装置２４の容量に基づき、供給拠点２と複数の需要拠点４を結ぶ配送経路を複数生成する。 As shown in FIG. 4, the route generation unit 128 includes the number of delivery vehicles 8 set by the constraint setting unit 126, the total number of vehicle-mounted storage devices 24, the total number of vehicle-mounted storage devices 24 that can be delivered in one delivery, the vehicle-mounted storage device Based on the capacity of 24, a plurality of delivery routes connecting the supply base 2 and the plurality of demand bases 4 are generated.
　評価値計算部１３０は、経路生成部１２８が生成する複数の配送経路毎に評価値を計算する。この評価値計算部１３０は、排出量計算部１３２と、機会損出計算部１３４とを有する。 The evaluation value calculation unit 130 calculates an evaluation value for each of a plurality of delivery routes generated by the route generation unit 128. The evaluation value calculation unit 130 includes an emission amount calculation unit 132 and an opportunity loss calculation unit 134.
　排出量計算部１３２は、供給拠点２における水素供給量を複数の需要拠点４へ配送する場合に生じる二酸化炭素量に基づき、経路生成部１２８が生成する複数の配送経路毎に第１評価値を計算する。 The emission amount calculation unit 132 calculates a first evaluation value for each of the plurality of delivery routes generated by the route generation unit 128 based on the amount of carbon dioxide generated when the hydrogen supply amount at the supply site 2 is delivered to the plurality of demand sites 4. calculate.
　機会損出計算部１３４は、供給拠点２における水素供給量を複数の需要拠点４に供給しても水素不足が生じる場合に、水素不足に対する代替エネルギの使用量に応じて生じる二酸化炭素量に基づき、経路生成部１２８が生成する複数の配送経路毎に第２評価値を計算する。 The opportunity loss calculation unit 134 calculates the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2 based on the amount of carbon dioxide generated according to the usage amount of the alternative energy for the hydrogen shortage when the hydrogen shortage occurs even when the hydrogen supply amount is supplied to the plurality of demand bases 4. The second evaluation value is calculated for each of the plurality of delivery routes generated by the route generation unit 128.
　機会損出計算部１３４は、例えば第２評価値として二酸化炭素削減機会損失を計算する。ここで、二酸化炭素削減機会損失［ｋｇ－二酸化炭素］＝ΣＮ＝Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３（需要拠点Ｎの水素有効活用パラメータ［ｋｇ－二酸化炭素／Ｎｍ３］）×（需要拠点Ｎの日水素不足量［Ｎｍ３］）として計算される。なお。評価値計算部１３０は、水素不足が生じる場合に、水素不足が生じる需要拠点４には水素を配送しない経路に基づき、評価値を計算してもよい。 The opportunity loss calculation unit 134 calculates a carbon dioxide reduction opportunity loss as the second evaluation value, for example. Here, the opportunity loss of carbon dioxide reduction [kg-carbon dioxide] = ΣN = D1, D2, D3 (hydrogen effective utilization parameter of demand base N [kg-carbon dioxide / Nm 3 ]) × (day hydrogen of demand base N) The shortage amount [Nm 3 ]) is calculated. In addition. When a shortage of hydrogen occurs, the evaluation value calculation unit 130 may calculate the evaluation value based on a route that does not deliver hydrogen to the demand base 4 where the shortage of hydrogen occurs.
　より詳細には、制約設定部１２６が上述の第１モードを設定する場合、つまり、二酸化炭素削減機会損失を考慮しない場合、評価値計算部１３０の排出量計算部１３２の計算には、Ｎ日目の開始時点の定置貯蔵装置４０の推定残量≧Ｎ日目の水素需要予測量となる制約が設けられる。供給拠点２については、Ｎ日目の車載貯蔵装置２４への総充填量≦Ｎ日目の水素供給予測量となり、且つＮ日目の１つの車載貯蔵装置２４への充填量≦車載貯蔵装置２４の最大容量となる制約が設けられる。なお、Ｎ日目に配送される車載貯蔵装置２４への充填量＝０とする。 More specifically, when the constraint setting unit 126 sets the above-described first mode, that is, when the carbon dioxide reduction opportunity loss is not considered, the calculation of the emission amount calculation unit 132 of the evaluation value calculation unit 130 includes N days. There is a constraint that the estimated remaining amount of the stationary storage device 40 at the start of the eye ≧ the predicted hydrogen demand on the Nth day. As for the supply base 2, the total amount of filling of the on-vehicle storage device 24 on the Nth day ≦ the predicted hydrogen supply amount on the Nth day, and the filling amount of one on-vehicle storage device 24 on the Nth day ≦ the on-vehicle storage device 24 Is set as the maximum capacity. In addition, it is assumed that the filling amount in the on-vehicle storage device 24 delivered on the Nth day = 0.
　一方で、制約設定部１２６が第２モードを設定する場合、つまり、二酸化炭素削減機会損失を考慮する場合、排出量計算部１３２および機会損出計算部１３４の計算には、Ｎ日目の開始時点の定置貯蔵装置４０の推定残量≧Ｎ日目の水素需要予測量－Ｎ日目の水素不足量であり、且つＮ日目の水素需要予測量－Ｎ日目の水素不足量≧０となる制約が設けられる。供給拠点２については上述と同様に、Ｎ日目の車載貯蔵装置２４への総充填量≦Ｎ日目の水素供給予測量となり、且つＮ日目の１つの車載貯蔵装置２４への充填量≦車載貯蔵装置２４の最大容量となる制約が設けられる。 On the other hand, when the constraint setting unit 126 sets the second mode, that is, when the opportunity loss of carbon dioxide reduction is considered, the calculation of the emission amount calculation unit 132 and the opportunity loss calculation unit 134 starts on the Nth day. The estimated remaining amount of the fixed storage device 40 at the time ≧ the predicted hydrogen demand on the Nth day−the hydrogen deficiency on the Nth day, and the predicted hydrogen demand on the Nth day−the hydrogen deficiency on the Nth day ≧ 0. The following restrictions are provided. As for the supply base 2, as described above, the total filling amount of the on-vehicle storage device 24 on the Nth day ≦ the predicted hydrogen supply amount on the Nth day, and the filling amount of one on-vehicle storage device 24 on the Nth day ≦ There is a constraint on the maximum capacity of the on-vehicle storage device 24.
　また、評価値計算部１３０は、制約設定部１２６が評価値計算部１３０に対して設定した重みパラメータ（図５Ｃ）に従い評価値を計算する。例えば、第１評価値には、配送時二酸化炭素排出量の設定値１（図５Ｃ）が重みとして乗算され、第２評価値には、二酸化炭素削減機会損出の設定値１（図５Ｃ）が重みとして乗算される。評価値計算部１３０は、例えば、これら重みを付けた第１評価値と第２評価値とを加算して、評価値とする。 {Evaluation value calculation section 130 calculates an evaluation value in accordance with the weight parameter (FIG. 5C) set for evaluation value calculation section 130 by constraint setting section 126. For example, the first evaluation value is multiplied by a set value 1 of carbon dioxide emission during delivery (FIG. 5C) as a weight, and the second evaluation value is a set value 1 of carbon dioxide reduction opportunity loss (FIG. 5C). Is multiplied as a weight. The evaluation value calculation unit 130 adds the weighted first evaluation value and second evaluation value, for example, to obtain an evaluation value.
　配送計画部１３６は、評価値計算部１３０で計算された評価値に基づき、供給拠点２で生成される水素の配送計画を生成する。この配送計画部１３６は、評価値計算部１３０で起算された評価値が最小値を示す配送経路を配送計画に用いる。また、配送計画部１３６は、複数の需要拠点４への水素供給量、供給順の情報も配送計画に含める。上述の配送パターンは、評価値が最小値を示す配送経路、複数の需要拠点４への水素供給量、及び配送経路における供給順の情報を少なくとも含む情報を意味する。 The delivery plan unit 136 creates a delivery plan for the hydrogen generated at the supply base 2 based on the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130. The delivery plan unit 136 uses a delivery route whose evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 indicates the minimum value for the delivery plan. In addition, the delivery planning unit 136 also includes information on the hydrogen supply amounts and supply orders to the plurality of demand bases 4 in the delivery plan. The above-mentioned distribution pattern means information including at least a distribution route whose evaluation value indicates the minimum value, a hydrogen supply amount to the plurality of demand bases 4, and supply order information in the distribution route.
　図６Ａ乃至６Ｇは、水素不足が発生しない場合の配送計画部１３６が計画した配送計画例を示す図である。図６Ａは、配送日と配送を行う需要拠点と、配予定の有無を示す図である。図６Ｂは、使用する車載貯蔵装置２４を示す図である。図６Ａ及び図６Ｂにおいて丸印は、選択された項目を示している。以下の説明でも同様である。 FIGS. 6A to 6G are diagrams showing examples of a delivery plan planned by the delivery planning unit 136 when the hydrogen shortage does not occur. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a delivery date, a demand base for delivery, and presence / absence of a delivery schedule. FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 to be used. 6A and 6B, circles indicate selected items. The same applies to the following description.
　図６Ｃは、供給拠点２における水素供給予測量を示す図である。図６Ｄは、使用する車載貯蔵装置２４及び充填量を示す図である。図６Ｅは、需要拠点４における水素需要予測量を示す図である。図６Ｆは、需要拠点４における定置貯蔵装置４０の推定残量を示す図である。図６Ｇは、水素不足が発生していないことを示す図である。このように、配送計画部１３６は、例えば１日毎に配送計画を生成する。 FIG. 6C is a diagram showing the predicted amount of hydrogen supply at the supply base 2. FIG. 6D is a diagram illustrating the on-vehicle storage device 24 and the filling amount to be used. FIG. 6E is a diagram showing the predicted hydrogen demand at the demand base 4. FIG. 6F is a diagram illustrating the estimated remaining amount of the fixed storage device 40 at the demand base 4. FIG. 6G is a diagram showing that hydrogen deficiency has not occurred. Thus, the delivery plan unit 136 generates a delivery plan, for example, every day.
　図７Ａ乃至７Ｇは、水素不足が発生する場合の配送計画部１３７が計画した配送計画例を示す図である。図７Ａは、配送日と配送を行う需要拠点と、配予定の有無を示す図である。図７Ｂは、使用する車載貯蔵装置２４を示す図である。図７Ｃは、供給拠点２における水素供給予測量を示す図である。図７Ｄは、使用する車載貯蔵装置２４及び充填量を示す図である。図７Ｅは、需要拠点４における水素需要予測量を示す図である。図７Ｆは、需要拠点４における定置貯蔵装置４０の推定残量を示す図である。図７Ｇは、６月７日に水素不足が発生することを示す図である。 FIGS. 7A to 7G are diagrams showing examples of a delivery plan planned by the delivery planning unit 137 when a hydrogen deficiency occurs. FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a delivery date, a demand base for delivery, and whether or not there is a delivery schedule. FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 to be used. FIG. 7C is a diagram illustrating a predicted hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2. FIG. 7D is a diagram illustrating the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 and the filling amount to be used. FIG. 7E is a diagram showing the predicted hydrogen demand at the demand base 4. FIG. 7F is a diagram illustrating the estimated remaining amount of the stationary storage device 40 at the demand base 4. FIG. 7G is a diagram showing that hydrogen deficiency occurs on June 7.
　図８Ａ、図８Ｂは、配送計画部１３６が計画した半日毎の配送計画例を示す図である。図８Ａは、配送日の午前及び午後と、配送を行う需要拠点と、配予定の有無を示す図である。図８Ｂは、配送日の午前及び午後に使用する車載貯蔵装置２４を示す図である。このように、配送計画部１３６は、例えば半日毎に配送計画を生成してもよい。 FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams showing examples of delivery plans for every half day planned by the delivery planning unit 136. FIG. FIG. 8A is a diagram showing morning and afternoon of a delivery day, a demand base for delivery, and presence / absence of a delivery schedule. FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 used in the morning and afternoon of the delivery day. In this manner, the delivery plan unit 136 may generate a delivery plan, for example, every half day.
　車載貯蔵装置状態推定部１３８は、前回の配送終わりでの車載貯蔵装置２４の位置と残量を推定する。経路生成部１２８は、その推定結果を初期値として搬送経路を作成する。これにより、実際の運用により適した配送計画を作成することが可能となる。 The in-vehicle storage device state estimating unit 138 estimates the position and the remaining amount of the in-vehicle storage device 24 at the end of the previous delivery. The route generation unit 128 creates a transport route using the estimation result as an initial value. This makes it possible to create a delivery plan more suitable for actual operation.
　充填計画部１４０は、供給拠点２から供給される水素の配送に用いる複数の車載貯蔵装置２４の中に、満充填する車載貯蔵装置２４が存在する場合に、満充填する車載貯蔵装置２４に充填する水素充填計画を生成する。この充填計画部１４０は、車載貯蔵装置２４に対して水素供給量を配分して充填する方法を計画する。例えば、車載貯蔵装置２４を３日間で満充填しなければならない場合には、車載貯蔵装置の容量の１／３ずつ車載貯蔵装置２４に充填する水素充填計画を生成する。この場合、水素供給予測結果から１日毎に車載貯蔵装置２４の容量の１／３を差し引き、その残りで、水素配送計画を作成する。すなわち、この場合、評価値計算部１３０での計算には、１日毎に車載貯蔵装置２４の容量の１／３水素量が差し引かれた水素供給量が用いられる。これにより、他の水素需要との整合のとれた配送計画を立てることが可能となる。 The filling planning unit 140 fills the fully loaded in-vehicle storage device 24 when the plurality of in-vehicle storage devices 24 used for delivery of the hydrogen supplied from the supply base 2 include the fully-filled in-vehicle storage device 24. Generate a hydrogen filling plan. The filling planning unit 140 plans a method of distributing and filling the hydrogen supply amount to the on-vehicle storage device 24. For example, if the on-vehicle storage device 24 has to be fully charged in three days, a hydrogen filling plan for filling the on-vehicle storage device 24 by 1/3 of the capacity of the on-vehicle storage device is generated. In this case, 1/3 of the capacity of the on-vehicle storage device 24 is subtracted every day from the hydrogen supply prediction result, and the remainder is used to create a hydrogen delivery plan. That is, in this case, the calculation by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 uses the hydrogen supply amount obtained by subtracting 1/3 of the hydrogen amount of the capacity of the vehicle-mounted storage device 24 every day. This makes it possible to make a distribution plan that is consistent with other hydrogen demands.
　水素需要抽出部１４２は、供給拠点２から供給される水素が、配送計画部１３６が計画する水素配送計画と異なる他の水素配送計画にも含まれる場合に、他の水素配送計画から水素需要の情報を抽出する。この水素需要抽出部１４２は、他の水素配送計画から、供給拠点２から水素を配送するタイミングと水素量、需要拠点に水素を配送するタイミングと水素量の情報を取得して、評価値計算部１３０に供給する。すなわち、評価値計算部１３０の計算には、水素需要抽出部１４２が抽出した供給拠点２から水素を配送するタイミングと水素量、需要拠点４に水素を配送するタイミングと水素量の情報が用いられる。これにより、他の水素配送計画との整合のとれた水素配送計画を立てることが可能となる。 When the hydrogen supplied from the supply base 2 is included in another hydrogen delivery plan different from the hydrogen delivery plan planned by the delivery planning unit 136, the hydrogen demand extraction unit 142 outputs the hydrogen demand from the other hydrogen delivery plan. Extract information. The hydrogen demand extracting unit 142 obtains information on the timing and amount of hydrogen to be delivered from the supply base 2 and the timing and amount of hydrogen to be delivered to the demand base from other hydrogen delivery plans, and the evaluation value calculation unit 130. That is, the evaluation value calculation unit 130 uses the information on the timing and amount of hydrogen delivered from the supply base 2 extracted by the hydrogen demand extraction unit 142 and the amount of hydrogen and the amount of hydrogen delivered to the demand base 4. . This makes it possible to establish a hydrogen distribution plan that is consistent with other hydrogen distribution plans.
　図９Ａ乃至９Ｄは、表示部１２０に表示されるグラフの例である。図９Ａは、複数の需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３毎の水素配送量を示す図である。横軸は日付を示し、縦軸は水素配送量を示している。図９Ｂは、複数の需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３毎の水素需要量、定値貯蔵量装置４０の推定残量を示す図である。横軸は日付を示し、縦軸は水素需要量、定値貯蔵量装置４０の推定残量を示している。図９Ｃは、図９Ｂと同等の図であり、不足水素量を四角形で示す図である。横軸は日付を示し、縦軸は水素需要量、定値貯蔵量装置４０の推定残量を示している。図９Ｄは、車載貯蔵量装置Ｃ１、Ｃ２、Ｃ３毎の残量を示す図である。横軸は日付を示し、縦軸は車載貯蔵量装置Ｃ１、Ｃ２、Ｃ３毎の残量を示している。同様に、図５Ａ乃至５Ｃ、図６Ａ乃至６Ｇ、図７Ａ乃至７Ｇ、図８Ａ乃至８Ｂ、図９Ａ乃至９Ｄなどの図表は、配送拠点６（図２）にも送信され、表示装置６ｂ（図２）により表示される。 FIGS. 9A to 9D are examples of graphs displayed on the display unit 120. FIG. FIG. 9A is a diagram showing the hydrogen delivery amount for each of the plurality of demand bases D1, D2, and D3. The horizontal axis indicates the date, and the vertical axis indicates the hydrogen delivery amount. FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating the hydrogen demand for each of the plurality of demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and the estimated remaining amount of the fixed-value storage amount device 40. The horizontal axis indicates the date, and the vertical axis indicates the hydrogen demand and the estimated remaining amount of the fixed-value storage amount device 40. FIG. 9C is a diagram equivalent to FIG. 9B and shows the amount of insufficient hydrogen in a square. The horizontal axis indicates the date, and the vertical axis indicates the hydrogen demand and the estimated remaining amount of the fixed-value storage amount device 40. FIG. 9D is a diagram illustrating the remaining amount of each of the in-vehicle storage amount devices C1, C2, and C3. The horizontal axis indicates the date, and the vertical axis indicates the remaining amount for each of the in-vehicle storage amount devices C1, C2, and C3. Similarly, charts such as FIGS. 5A to 5C, FIGS. 6A to 6G, FIGS. 7A to 7G, FIGS. 8A to 8B, and FIGS. 9A to 9D are also transmitted to the delivery base 6 (FIG. 2), and the display device 6b (FIG. ).
　表示制御部１４４は、制約設定部１２６で設定された情報、配送計画部１３６で生成された配送計画に関する情報などを表示部１２０に表示する制御を行う。表示制御部１４４は、例えば図５Ａ乃至５Ｃ、図６Ａ乃至６Ｇ、図７Ａ乃至７Ｇ、図８Ａ乃至８Ｂ、図９Ａ乃至９Ｄを表示部１２０に表示する制御を行う。これにより、設定が容易になり、かつ、結果を理解しやすくなる。 The display control unit 144 controls the display unit 120 to display the information set by the constraint setting unit 126, the information on the delivery plan generated by the delivery planning unit 136, and the like. The display control unit 144 performs control to display, for example, FIGS. 5A to 5C, FIGS. 6A to 6G, FIGS. 7A to 7G, FIGS. 8A to 8B, and FIGS. 9A to 9D on the display unit 120. This facilitates setting and makes it easier to understand the result.
　記憶部１４６は、例えば、ＲＡＭ（Ｒａｎｄｏｍ　Ａｃｃｅｓｓ　Ｍｅｍｏｒｙ）、フラッシュメモリ等の半導体メモリ素子、ハードディスク、光ディスク等により実現される。記憶部１４６は、例えば、制約設定部１２６が設定した情報を格納する。また、記憶部１４６は、水素配送計画生成部１２２が実行する各種のプログラムを格納する。 The storage unit 146 is realized by, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory), a semiconductor memory device such as a flash memory, a hard disk, an optical disk, or the like. The storage unit 146 stores, for example, information set by the constraint setting unit 126. The storage unit 146 stores various programs executed by the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122.
　なお、上述したように、本実施形態においては、水素配送計画生成部１２２は、例えば、プロセッサにより構成される。ここで、プロセッサという文言は、例えば、ＣＰＵ（Ｃｅｎｔｒａｌ　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｔ）、ＧＰＵ（Ｇｒａｐｈｉｃｓ　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ　Ｕｎｉｔ）、或いは、特定用途向け集積回路（Ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　Ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃ　Ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ　Ｃｉｒｃｕｉｔ：　ＡＳＩＣ）、プログラマブル論理デバイス（例えば、単純プログラマブル論理デバイス（Ｓｉｍｐｌｅ　Ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍａｂｌｅ　Ｌｏｇｉｃ　Ｄｅｖｉｃｅ：　ＳＰＬＤ）、複合プログラマブル論理デバイス（Ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ　Ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍａｂｌｅ　Ｌｏｇｉｃ　Ｄｅｖｉｃｅ：　ＣＰＬＤ）、及び、フィールドプログラマブルゲートアレイ（Ｆｉｅｌｄ　Ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｍａｂｌｅ　Ｇａｔｅ　Ａｒｒａｙ：　ＦＰＧＡ）等の回路を意味する。プロセッサは、記憶部１４６に保存されたプログラムを読み出して実行することにより機能を実現する。同様に供給予測部１０４、水素需要予測部１０８も、プロセッサにより構成され、不図示の記憶部に保存されたプログラムを読み出して実行することにより機能を実現する。 As described above, in the present embodiment, the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 is configured by, for example, a processor. Here, the term processor is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or an application-specific integrated circuit (Application Specialized Integrated Circuit: ASIC), a programmable logic device (for example, a programmable logic device, for example). (Simple Programmable Logic Device: SPLD), Composite Programmable Logic Device (Complex Programmable Logic Device: CPLD), and Field Programmable Gate Array (Field Programmable Gate Array: FPGA) The processor realizes the functions by reading and executing the program stored in the storage unit 146. Similarly, the supply prediction unit 104 and the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108 are also configured by the processor, and have a storage (not shown). The function is realized by reading and executing the program stored in the section.
　図１０は、水素配送計画生成部１２２の処理例を示すフロチャートの一例である。図１０に示すように、取得部１２４は、供給予測部１０４が予測した供給拠点２における水素供給量と、水素需要予測部１０８が予測した複数の需要拠点４におけるそれぞれの水素需要量を取得する（ステップＳ１００）。 FIG. 10 is an example of a flowchart showing a processing example of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122. As illustrated in FIG. 10, the acquisition unit 124 acquires the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base 2 predicted by the supply prediction unit 104 and the respective hydrogen demand amounts at the plurality of demand bases 4 predicted by the hydrogen demand prediction unit 108. (Step S100).
　次に、制約設定部１２６は、モード１又はモード２の設定を含めた制約条件を経路生成部１２８及び評価値計算部１３０に設定する（ステップＳ１０２）。続けて、経路生成部１２８は、制約条件に従い、経路を生成する（ステップＳ１０４）。経路生成部１２８は、制約条件に従い、毎回異なる経路を生成する。 Next, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the constraint conditions including the setting of the mode 1 or the mode 2 in the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value calculation unit 130 (step S102). Subsequently, the route generation unit 128 generates a route according to the constraint (Step S104). The route generation unit 128 generates a different route each time according to the constraint condition.
　次に、排出量計算部１３２は、水素供給量を複数の需要拠点４へ配送する場合に生じる二酸化炭素量に基づく第１評価値を計算する（ステップＳ１０６）。 Next, the emission amount calculation unit 132 calculates a first evaluation value based on the carbon dioxide amount generated when the hydrogen supply amount is delivered to the plurality of demand bases 4 (step S106).
　次に機会損出計算部１３４は、設定がモード２であるか否かを判定し（ステップＳ１０８）、モード２である場合（ステップＳ１０８のＹＥＳ）に、複数の需要拠点４毎の水素有効活用パラメータに基づき、二酸化炭素機会損として第２評価値を計算する（ステップＳ１１０）。一方で、モード２でない場合（ステップＳ１０８のＮＯ）には、機会損出計算部１３４は、第２評価値を計算しない。続けて、評価値計算部１３０は、重みを付けた第１評価値と第２評価値とを評価値として加算し、記憶部１４６に記憶する（ステップＳ１１２）。ただし、評価値計算部１３０は、モード２でない場合には、第２評価値を評価値に加算しない。 Next, the opportunity loss calculation unit 134 determines whether or not the setting is mode 2 (step S108). If the setting is mode 2 (YES in step S108), hydrogen is effectively used for each of the plurality of demand bases 4 Based on the parameters, a second evaluation value is calculated as a carbon dioxide opportunity loss (step S110). On the other hand, when the mode is not the mode 2 (NO in step S108), the opportunity loss calculation unit 134 does not calculate the second evaluation value. Subsequently, the evaluation value calculation unit 130 adds the weighted first evaluation value and the second evaluation value as evaluation values, and stores the result in the storage unit 146 (step S112). However, when the mode is not the mode 2, the evaluation value calculation unit 130 does not add the second evaluation value to the evaluation value.
　次に、配送計画部１３６は、評価値計算部１３０が計算した評価値が記憶部１４６に既に記憶される評価値と比較し（ステップＳ１１４）、評価値計算部１３０が計算した評価値の方が小さい場合に（ステップＳ１１４のＹＥＳ）、記憶部１４６に記憶される評価値を評価値計算部１３０が計算した評価値に置き換える。記憶部１４６には、初期値として評価値計算部１３０が計算しえる最大値が設定されている。一方で、評価値計算部１３０が計算した評価値が記憶部１４６に既に記憶される評価値以上である場合に（ステップＳ１１４のＮＯ）、配送計画部１３６は、記憶部１４６に既に記憶される評価値を置換しない。 Next, the delivery plan unit 136 compares the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 with the evaluation value already stored in the storage unit 146 (step S114), and compares the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 with the evaluation value. Is smaller (YES in step S114), the evaluation value stored in the storage unit 146 is replaced with the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130. In the storage unit 146, a maximum value that can be calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 is set as an initial value. On the other hand, when the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 is equal to or larger than the evaluation value already stored in the storage unit 146 (NO in step S114), the delivery plan unit 136 is already stored in the storage unit 146. Do not replace the evaluation value.
　次に、配送計画部１３６は、計算回数が規定回数に達したか否かを判定し（ステップＳ１１８）、規定回数に達した場合に（ステップＳ１１９のＹＥＳ）、体処理終了し、配送計画を生成する。一方で、規定回数に達していない場合に（ステップＳ１１９のＮＯ）、ステップＳ１０４からの処理を繰り返す。 Next, the delivery planning unit 136 determines whether or not the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (step S118). If the number of calculations has been reached (YES in step S119), the body processing ends, and the delivery plan is completed. Generate. On the other hand, when the specified number of times has not been reached (NO in step S119), the processing from step S104 is repeated.
　以上のように第１実施形態によれば、評価値計算部１３０が、第２モードが設定され、水素供給量を複数の需要拠点４に供給しても水素不足が生じる場合に、水素不足量に対する代替エネルギの使用量に応じた二酸化炭素の複数の需要拠点４毎の換算量に更に基づき、評価値を計算することとした。これにより、水素不足を補うために使用される電力を生成する際に使用する二酸化炭素の量も考慮した水素配送計画を生成できる。 As described above, according to the first embodiment, when the evaluation value calculation unit 130 sets the second mode and supplies hydrogen to the plurality of demand bases 4 and the hydrogen shortage occurs, The evaluation value is calculated based on the converted amount of carbon dioxide for each of the plurality of demand bases 4 in accordance with the amount of the alternative energy used. This makes it possible to generate a hydrogen distribution plan that also takes into account the amount of carbon dioxide used when generating electric power used to compensate for the shortage of hydrogen.
（第１実施形態の変形例）
　第１実施形態の変形例に係る水素配送計画装置１００は、経路生成部１２８が、配送拠点から直に需要拠点に向かう「直行」、需要拠点から直に配送拠点に帰る「直帰」を考慮する点で第１実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と相違する。以下では、第１実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と相違する点に関して説明する。 (Modification of First Embodiment)
In the hydrogen delivery planning device 100 according to the modification of the first embodiment, the route generation unit 128 considers “going straight” from the delivery base directly to the demand base and “going home” returning directly from the demand base to the delivery base. This is different from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, differences from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described.
　図１１は配送を開始する配送経路を示す図である。図１１の上図は、供給拠点Ｓ１に立ち寄ってから需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３に向かう配送経路を示す図であり、配送距離は、７０キロメートルである。図１１の下図は、配送拠点Ｃ１から需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３に向かう配送経路を示す図であり、配送距離は、５０キロメートルである。 FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a delivery route for starting delivery. The upper diagram of FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a delivery route that drops to the supply base S1 and then goes to the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and the delivery distance is 70 km. The lower diagram of FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a delivery route from the delivery base C1 to the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and the delivery distance is 50 km.
　図１２は配送から戻る配送経路を示す図である。図１２の上図は、需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３から供給拠点Ｓ１に立ち寄る配送経路を示す図であり、配送距離は、７０キロメートルである。図１２の下図は、供給拠点Ｓ１に立ち寄らずに、配送拠点Ｃ１に向かう配送経路を示す図であり、配送距離は、５０キロメートルである。 FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a delivery route returning from delivery. The upper diagram of FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a delivery route that stops at the supply base S1 from the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and the delivery distance is 70 kilometers. The lower diagram of FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a delivery route to the delivery base C1 without stopping at the supply base S1, and the delivery distance is 50 km.
　図１３Ａは、配送パターンと直行、直帰による減少距離を示す図である。このように、直行、直帰を許可すると配送距離が低減される。 FIG. 13A is a diagram showing a delivery pattern and a reduced distance due to going straight and going back. As described above, when the direct and bounce are permitted, the delivery distance is reduced.
　第１実施形態の変形例に係る経路生成部１２８は、配送拠点Ｃ１から直に需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３に向かう直行経路と、需要拠点から直に配送拠点Ｃ１に帰る直帰経路を含む配送経路を生成する。 The route generation unit 128 according to the modification of the first embodiment includes a delivery including a direct route from the delivery base C1 to the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and a return route from the demand base to the delivery base C1 directly. Generate a route.
　これにより、評価値計算部１３０は、直行経路及び直帰経路の内の少なくとも一方を含む配送経路と、直行経路及び直帰経路を含まない配送経路との双方の評価値を演算する。すなわち、配送計画部１３６は、評価値計算部１３０で計算された評価値に基づき、直行経路及び直帰経路の内の少なくとも一方を含む配送経路、又は直行経路及び直帰経路を含まない配送経路のいずれも選択可能である。 Thereby, the evaluation value calculation unit 130 calculates the evaluation values of both the delivery route including at least one of the direct route and the return route and the delivery route not including the direct route and the return route. That is, based on the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130, the delivery planning unit 136 determines whether the delivery route includes at least one of the direct route and the return route, or the delivery route that does not include the direct route and the return route. Can be selected.
　図１３Ｂは、直行、直帰を許可した場合に、配送計画部１３６で計画された配送経路、車載貯蔵装置を示す図である。図１３Ｂに示すように、直行、直帰を含む配送経路が最終的に選択される場合がある。なお、表示制御部１４４は、例えば図１３Ａ、１３Ｂに示す図表を表示部１２０に表示する制御を行う。 FIG. 13B is a diagram showing a delivery route planned by the delivery planning unit 136 and a vehicle-mounted storage device when going straight and going back are permitted. As shown in FIG. 13B, a delivery route including a direct and a bounce may be finally selected. The display control unit 144 performs control to display the charts illustrated in FIGS. 13A and 13B on the display unit 120, for example.
　以上のように第１実施形態の変形例に経路生成部１２８は、配送拠点Ｃ１から直に需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３に向かう直行と、需要拠点から直に配送拠点Ｃ１に帰る直帰を含む配送経路を生成することとした。これにより、配送経路における二酸化炭素の排出量が低減される場合には、直行及び直帰の内の少なくとも一方を含む経路の選択が可能となり、より効率的な配送計画を生成することができる。 As described above, in the modified example of the first embodiment, the route generation unit 128 includes a direct route from the delivery base C1 to the demand bases D1, D2, and D3, and a return to the delivery base C1 from the demand base. A delivery route was created. As a result, when the amount of carbon dioxide emission in the delivery route is reduced, it is possible to select a route that includes at least one of a direct route and a direct return, and a more efficient delivery plan can be generated.
（第２実施形態）
　第２実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００は、需要拠点４毎の水素不足への優先度を考慮した水素配送計画を生成することで第１実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と相違する。以下では、第１実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と相違する点に関して説明する。 (2nd Embodiment)
The hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the second embodiment is different from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment in that a hydrogen distribution plan that takes into account the priority of hydrogen shortage at each demand base 4 is generated. Hereinafter, differences from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described.
　図１４は、制約設定部１２６が制約として設定する優先度を示す図である。図１４に示すように、制約設定部１２６は、需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３毎に優先度を設定する。優先度１が最も優先度が高く、優先度２は優先度１の次に高い優先度である。モード１は、いずれの拠需要拠点にも水素不足を許容しないモードである。モード２は、優先度１が設定された需要拠点の水素不足を許容しないが、優先度２が設定された需要拠点の水素不足を許容するモードである。モード３は、優先度１及び優先度２が設定された需要拠点の水素不足を許容するモードである。 FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the priorities set by the constraint setting unit 126 as constraints. As shown in FIG. 14, the constraint setting unit 126 sets a priority for each of the demand bases D1, D2, and D3. Priority 1 has the highest priority, and priority 2 is the second highest priority after priority 1. Mode 1 is a mode in which any demand base does not allow a shortage of hydrogen. Mode 2 is a mode in which a demand base set with priority 1 does not allow a shortage of hydrogen but a demand base set with priority 2 allows a shortage of hydrogen. The mode 3 is a mode in which the demand base to which the priority 1 and the priority 2 are set is allowed to be short of hydrogen.
　例えば、需要拠点によっては、凍結防止などの理由から、燃料電池装置４２（図２）の稼働を所定の期間、継続させる必要が生じる場合がある。そういった場合、二酸化炭素だけの観点から水素配送計画を作成するのは好ましくない場合がある。本実施形態に係る配送計画部１３６は、需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３毎の優先度を考慮した水素配送計画を生成する。 For example, depending on the demand base, it may be necessary to continue the operation of the fuel cell device 42 (FIG. 2) for a predetermined period for reasons such as prevention of freezing. In such a case, it may not be desirable to create a hydrogen delivery plan from the perspective of carbon dioxide alone. The distribution planning unit 136 according to the present embodiment generates a hydrogen distribution plan in consideration of the priority of each of the demand bases D1, D2, and D3.
　図１５は、第２実施形態に係る水素配送計画生成部１２２のフロチャートの一例である。以下では図１０と相違する点を説明する。図１２に示すように、制約設定部１２６は、先ずカウンタ＝０としてモード１の設定を行う（ステップＳ２００）。続けて、制約設定部１２６は、モード１の設定を含めた制約条件を経路生成部１２８及び評価値計算部１３０に設定する（ステップＳ１０２）。一方で、制約設定部１２６は、カウンタ＝１の場合にはモード２の設定を含めた制約条件を経路生成部１２８及び評価値計算部１３０に設定する。更に、制約設定部１２６は、カウンタ＝２の場合にはモード３の設定を含めた制約条件を経路生成部１２８及び評価値計算部１３０に設定する。 FIG. 15 is an example of a flowchart of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 according to the second embodiment. Hereinafter, differences from FIG. 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 12, the constraint setting unit 126 first sets the mode to mode 1 with the counter = 0 (step S200). Subsequently, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the constraint conditions including the setting of the mode 1 in the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value calculation unit 130 (Step S102). On the other hand, when the counter = 1, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the constraint conditions including the setting of the mode 2 in the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value calculation unit 130. Furthermore, when the counter = 2, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the constraint conditions including the setting of the mode 3 in the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value calculation unit 130.
　次に、配送計画部１３６は、計算回数が規定回数に達したか否かを判定し（ステップＳ１１８）、規定回数に達した場合に（ステップＳ１１８のＹＥＳ）、解が存在するか否かを判定する（ステップＳ２０２）。解が存在する場合に（ステップＳ２０２のＹＥＳ）、全体処理を終了する。一方で、解が存在しない場合に（ステップＳ２０２のＮＯ）、カウンタに１を加算し（ステップＳ２０４）、ステップＳ１０２からの処理を繰り返す。なお、モード３では、解が存在しない場合にも全体処理を終了する。 Next, the delivery planning unit 136 determines whether the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (step S118). When the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (YES in step S118), it is determined whether or not a solution exists. A determination is made (step S202). If a solution exists (YES in step S202), the entire process ends. On the other hand, if there is no solution (NO in step S202), 1 is added to the counter (step S204), and the processing from step S102 is repeated. In the mode 3, the entire process ends even when no solution exists.
　このように、先ずモード１で配送計画を生成し、解が得られない場合にモード２に移行し、更に解が得られない場合にモード３に移行することした。これにより、優先度により水素を優先的に需要拠点Ｄ３に供給することにより、他の需要拠点Ｄ２に水素不足が生じた場合にも対応可能となる。さらに、モード３を設けることにより、優先度１の需要拠点Ｄ３の水素不足も許容可能となる。モード２及び３の場合にも、水素不足に対する代替エネルギの使用量に応じた二酸化炭素の複数の需要拠点Ｄ２、Ｄ３毎の換算量に更に基づき、評価値を計算することが可能となり、二酸化炭素の発生量を抑制できる。 As described above, first, a delivery plan is generated in the mode 1, and when a solution is not obtained, the process is shifted to the mode 2, and when a solution is not obtained, the mode is shifted to the mode 3. Thus, by supplying hydrogen to the demand base D3 preferentially according to the priority, it is possible to cope with a case where hydrogen shortage occurs at another demand base D2. Further, by providing the mode 3, the shortage of hydrogen at the demand base D3 having the priority 1 can be tolerated. Also in the modes 2 and 3, it is possible to calculate the evaluation value further based on the conversion amount of each of the plurality of demand bases D2 and D3 of the carbon dioxide according to the amount of the alternative energy used for the lack of hydrogen. Can be suppressed.
　以上のように、第２実施形態によれば、制約設定部１２６が、需要拠点Ｄ１、Ｄ２、Ｄ３毎に優先度を設定することした。これにより、最も高い優先度が設定された需要拠点Ｄ３の水素需要を満たすように水素配送計画を生成可能となる。 As described above, according to the second embodiment, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the priority for each of the demand bases D1, D2, and D3. This makes it possible to generate a hydrogen distribution plan so as to satisfy the hydrogen demand of the demand base D3 for which the highest priority is set.
（第３実施形態）
　第３実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００は、需要拠点４毎の需要削減率を考慮した水素配送計画を生成することで第１実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と相違する。以下では、第１実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と相違する点に関して説明する。 (Third embodiment)
The hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the third embodiment differs from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment in that a hydrogen distribution plan that takes into account the demand reduction rate for each demand base 4 is generated. Hereinafter, differences from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described.
　第３実施形態に係る制約設定部１２６は、需要拠点４毎に需要削減率を設定する。すなわち、制約設定部１２６は、水素不足が生じる場合、需要拠点４毎に設定された需要削減率を需要拠点４毎の水素需要量に乗算し、水素需要量全体を削減する。なお、第２実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と同様に、先ずモード１で配送計画を生成し、解が得られない場合にモード２に移行し、更に解が得られない場合に、需要拠点４毎に設定された需要削減率を需要拠点４毎の水素需要量に乗算し、水素需要量全体を削減してもよい。 The constraint setting unit 126 according to the third embodiment sets a demand reduction rate for each demand base 4. That is, when there is a shortage of hydrogen, the constraint setting unit 126 multiplies the demand reduction rate set for each demand base 4 by the hydrogen demand for each demand base 4 to reduce the entire hydrogen demand. Note that, similarly to the hydrogen distribution planning apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment, a distribution plan is first generated in mode 1, and if a solution cannot be obtained, the mode shifts to mode 2; The demand reduction rate set for each base 4 may be multiplied by the hydrogen demand for each demand base 4 to reduce the entire hydrogen demand.
　図１６は、第３実施形態に係る水素配送計画生成部１２２のフロチャートの一例である。以下では図１０と相違する点を説明する。図１６に示すように、制約設定部１２６は、先ずカウンタ＝０としてモード１の設定を行う（ステップＳ２００）。続けて、制約設定部１２６は、モード１の設定を含めた制約条件を経路生成部１２８及び評価値計算部１３０に設定する（ステップＳ３００）。 FIG. 16 is an example of a flowchart of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 according to the third embodiment. Hereinafter, differences from FIG. 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 16, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the mode 1 by setting the counter to 0 (step S200). Subsequently, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the constraint conditions including the setting of the mode 1 in the route generation unit 128 and the evaluation value calculation unit 130 (Step S300).
　ここで、カウンタが０の場合には、需要削減率＝１を乗算する。一方で、カウンタが０で無い場合には、カウンタが増加する度に、需要拠点４毎に設定された需要削減率を増加させて需要拠点４毎の水素需要量に乗算する。例えば再計画カウンタが０の場合には、全需要拠点で需要削減率を１として水素需要量に乗じる。再計画カウンタが１の場合には需要削減率として例えば０．９を水素需要量に乗算する。再計画カウンタが２の場合は需要削減率、例えば０．９×０．９＝０．８１として元の水素需要量に乗じる。この場合、全体の水素需要が０．８１倍になる。 If the counter is 0, multiply the demand reduction rate = 1. On the other hand, when the counter is not 0, each time the counter is increased, the demand reduction rate set for each demand base 4 is increased and multiplied by the hydrogen demand at each demand base 4. For example, when the re-planning counter is 0, the demand reduction rate is set to 1 at all the demand bases, and the hydrogen demand is multiplied. If the rescheduling counter is 1, the hydrogen demand is multiplied by, for example, 0.9 as the demand reduction rate. When the rescheduling counter is 2, the original hydrogen demand is multiplied by the demand reduction rate, for example, 0.9 × 0.9 = 0.81. In this case, the total hydrogen demand is increased 0.81 times.
　次に、配送計画部１３６は、計算回数が規定回数に達したか否かを判定し（ステップＳ１１８）、規定回数に達した場合に（ステップＳ１１９のＹＥＳ）、解が存在するか否かを判定する（ステップＳ３０２）。解が存在する場合に（ステップＳ３０２のＹＥＳ）、全体処理を終了する。一方で、解が存在しない場合に（ステップＳ３０２のＮＯ）、カウンタに１加算し（ステップＳ３０４）、ステップＳ３００からの処理を繰り返す。 Next, the delivery planning unit 136 determines whether or not the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (step S118). If the number of times of calculation has reached the specified number of times (YES in step S119), it is determined whether or not a solution exists. A determination is made (step S302). If a solution exists (YES in step S302), the entire process ends. On the other hand, if there is no solution (NO in step S302), 1 is added to the counter (step S304), and the processing from step S300 is repeated.
　以上のように、第３実施形態によれば、解が存在しない場合に需要拠点４毎の水素需要量を段階的に減らすることが可能である。これにより、水素供給量をより多く使用し、且つ水素不足が生じない水素配送計画を生成できる。 As described above, according to the third embodiment, when there is no solution, the amount of hydrogen demand at each demand base 4 can be gradually reduced. This makes it possible to generate a hydrogen distribution plan that uses a larger amount of hydrogen and does not cause a shortage of hydrogen.
（第４実施形態）
　第４実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００は、運用適合度を設けることで第１実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と相違する。以下では、第１実施形態に係る水素配送計画装置１００と相違する点に関して説明する。 (Fourth embodiment)
The hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the fourth embodiment is different from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment in that an operation suitability is provided. Hereinafter, differences from the hydrogen distribution planning device 100 according to the first embodiment will be described.
　図１７は、第４実施形態に係る重みパラメータの例を示す図である。図１７に示すように、第４実施形態に係る制約設定部１２６は、評価値計算部１３０が生成する評価値に、運用適合度に重みパラメータの値を乗算して加算する。例えば、図１７に示すように、第１評価値に１を乗算し、第２評価値に１を乗算し、運用適合度に１００を乗算して加算する。運用適合度とは、ある配送計画が、運用に関する条件をどの程度満たせるかを示す度合いを意味する。運用適合度の例としては、車載貯蔵装置に充填されている水素量が少ない、配送禁止日に配送されている、などがある。運用適合度に乗算される数値が大きくなるほど、運用制約が厳しくなる。 FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a weight parameter according to the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 17, the constraint setting unit 126 according to the fourth embodiment multiplies the evaluation value generated by the evaluation value calculation unit 130 by the value of the weight parameter to the operation suitability, and adds the result. For example, as shown in FIG. 17, the first evaluation value is multiplied by 1, the second evaluation value is multiplied by 1, and the operation suitability is multiplied by 100 and added. The operation suitability means a degree indicating how much a certain delivery plan can satisfy the conditions related to the operation. Examples of the degree of operation suitability include a small amount of hydrogen filled in the on-vehicle storage device and delivery on a delivery prohibited day. As the numerical value multiplied by the operation suitability increases, the operation constraint becomes more severe.
　運用適合度は、式で表現しにくい条件、式で表現できるが、制約条件として組み込むと最適解の導出に時間がかかりすぎる条件などに対応するために用いられる。このように、制約条件としてではなく、評価値の計算に組み込むことで、最適化問題を繰り返し解きながら、運用に関する条件を満たす計画を導出することが可能となる。 The operational suitability can be expressed by a condition that is difficult to express by an expression or by an expression. However, if it is incorporated as a constraint, it is used to cope with a condition that takes too much time to derive the optimal solution. In this way, by incorporating the evaluation values into the calculation of the evaluation value instead of the constraint conditions, it is possible to derive a plan that satisfies the conditions for operation while repeatedly solving the optimization problem.
　運用適合度に乗算される数値が大きくなるほど、運用制約が厳しくなる。このため、先ず、運用適合度の初期値は重み、すなわち運用適合度に乗算される数値を低めに設定しておき、一度最適化問題を解くこととする。この場合に、得られた計画結果では、運用に関する条件を満たさない、すなわち運用違反の解が出るならば、重みを大きくして、再度最適化問題を解くこととする。これにより、評価値における運用適合度の影響を高めることで運用違反にならない解に近付けることが可能となる。 運用 Operational constraints become more severe as the numerical value multiplied by the operational suitability increases. For this reason, first, the initial value of the operation suitability is set to a lower weight, that is, a numerical value multiplied by the operation suitability, and the optimization problem is once solved. In this case, if the obtained plan result does not satisfy the condition for operation, that is, if an operation violation solution is found, the weight is increased and the optimization problem is solved again. As a result, it is possible to approach a solution that does not violate the operation by increasing the influence of the operation suitability on the evaluation value.
　配送計画部１３６は、評価値計算部１３０の評価値に基づき選択した配送経路及び水素供給量を示す配送パターンの運用適合度を算出し、運用違反の場合は再度配送パターンを作成する。 (4) The delivery planning unit 136 calculates the operation suitability of the delivery pattern indicating the delivery route and the hydrogen supply amount selected based on the evaluation value of the evaluation value calculation unit 130, and creates the delivery pattern again in the case of an operation violation.
　図１８は、第４実施形態に係る水素配送計画生成部１２２のフロチャートの一例である。以下では図１０と相違する点を説明する。図１８に示すように、制約設定部１２６は、運用適合度を含む重みパラメータの設定を行う（ステップＳ４００）。 FIG. 18 is an example of a flowchart of the hydrogen distribution plan generation unit 122 according to the fourth embodiment. Hereinafter, differences from FIG. 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, the constraint setting unit 126 sets a weight parameter including the operation suitability (step S400).
　次に、配送計画部１３６は、計算回数が規定回数に達したか否かを判定し（ステップＳ１１８）、規定回数に達した場合に（ステップＳ１１９のＹＥＳ）、解が運用違反か否かを判定する（ステップＳ４０２）。運用違反でない場合に（ステップＳ４０２のＮＯ）、全体処理を終了する。一方で、運用違反である場合に（ステップＳ４０２のＹＥＳ）、運用適合度に対する重みパラメータを変更し（ステップＳ４０４）、ステップＳ４００からの処理を繰り返す。 Next, the delivery planning unit 136 determines whether the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (step S118). When the number of calculations has reached the specified number of times (YES in step S119), it is determined whether the solution is an operation violation. A determination is made (step S402). If it is not an operation violation (NO in step S402), the entire process ends. On the other hand, if it is an operation violation (YES in step S402), the weight parameter for the operation suitability is changed (step S404), and the processing from step S400 is repeated.
　以上のように、第４実施形態によれば、制約設定部１２６が、運用適合度に対する重みパラメータの設定を行うこととした。これにより、運用適合度を満たすように水素配送計画を生成可能となる。 As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the constraint setting unit 126 sets the weight parameter for the operation suitability. This makes it possible to generate a hydrogen distribution plan so as to satisfy the operational suitability.
　以上、いくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例としてのみ提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することを意図したものではない。本明細書で説明した新規な装置、方法及びプログラムは、その他の様々な形態で実施することができる。また、本明細書で説明した装置、方法及びプログラムの形態に対し、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で、種々の省略、置換、変更を行うことができる。 Although a number of embodiments have been described above, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel devices, methods, and programs described herein can be implemented in various other forms. In addition, various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made to the forms of the apparatus, method, and program described in this specification without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (14)

  1. 　供給拠点における水素供給量と、複数の需要拠点におけるそれぞれの水素需要量を取得する取得部と、
    　前記供給拠点と前記複数の需要拠点を結ぶ配送経路を複数生成する経路生成部と、
    　前記水素供給量を前記複数の需要拠点へ配送する場合に生じる二酸化炭素量に基づき、前記複数の配送経路毎に評価値を計算する評価値計算部と、
    　前記評価値に基づき、前記供給拠点で生成される水素の配送計画を生成する配送計画部と、を備え、
    　前記評価値計算部は、前記水素供給量を前記複数の需要拠点に供給しても水素不足が生じる場合に、前記水素不足の量に対する代替エネルギの使用量に応じた二酸化炭素の前記複数の需要拠点毎の換算量に更に基づき、前記評価値を計算する、水素配送計画装置。     An acquisition unit that acquires the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base and the respective hydrogen demand amounts at the plurality of demand bases,
    A route generation unit configured to generate a plurality of delivery routes connecting the supply base and the plurality of demand bases,
    An evaluation value calculation unit that calculates an evaluation value for each of the plurality of delivery routes based on an amount of carbon dioxide generated when the hydrogen supply amount is delivered to the plurality of demand bases;
    A delivery planning unit that creates a delivery plan for hydrogen generated at the supply base based on the evaluation value,
    The evaluation value calculation unit is configured to, when a shortage of hydrogen occurs even when the supply amount of hydrogen is supplied to the plurality of demand bases, determine the plurality of demands for carbon dioxide according to the amount of alternative energy used for the amount of shortage of hydrogen. A hydrogen distribution planning device for calculating the evaluation value based on the conversion amount for each base.
  2. 　前記評価値計算部は、前記水素不足が生じる場合に、前記水素不足が生じる需要拠点には水素を配送しない経路に基づき、前記評価値を演算する、請求項１に記載の水素配送計画装置。 2. The hydrogen distribution planning device according to claim 1, wherein, when the hydrogen shortage occurs, the evaluation value calculation unit calculates the evaluation value based on a route that does not deliver hydrogen to the demand base where the hydrogen shortage occurs. 3.
  3. 　前記経路生成部が生成する配送経路及び前記評価値計算部が計算する前記評価値の少なくとも一方に制約を設ける制約設定部を更に備える、請求項１又は２に記載の水素配送計画装置。 3. The hydrogen delivery planning device according to claim 1, further comprising a constraint setting unit that places a constraint on at least one of a delivery route generated by the route generation unit and the evaluation value calculated by the evaluation value calculation unit. 4.
  4. 　前記制約設定部は、前記配送経路に沿って水素を配送可能な配送車の車両台数、前記配送車に搭載可能な車載貯蔵装置の容量及び総数に基づき、前記配送経路に制約を設ける、請求項３に記載の水素配送計画装置。 The said constraint setting part sets restrictions on the said delivery route based on the number of vehicles of the delivery vehicle which can deliver hydrogen along the said delivery route, and the capacity and total number of the vehicle-mounted storage devices which can be mounted in the said delivery vehicle. 3. The hydrogen distribution planning device according to 3.
  5. 　前記経路生成部は、配送拠点から前記需要拠点のいずれかに直に向かう直行経路と、前記需要拠点のいずれかから配送拠点に直に帰る直帰経路を含む配送経路を生成可能であり、
    　前記評価値計算部は、直行経路及び直帰経路の内の少なくとも一方を含む配送経路と、直行経路及び直帰経路を含まない配送経路との双方の評価値を演算し、
    　前記配送計画部は、前記評価値に基づき、前記直行経路及び前記直帰経路の内の少なくとも一方を含む配送経路、又は直行経路及び前記直帰経路を含まない配送経路のいずれかによる配送計画を生成する、請求項１乃至３のいずれか一項に記載の水素配送計画装置。     The route generation unit is capable of generating a delivery route including a direct route from a delivery base directly to any of the demand bases and a return route directly returning from any of the demand bases to the delivery base,
    The evaluation value calculation unit calculates an evaluation value of both a delivery route including at least one of the direct route and the return route, and a delivery route not including the direct route and the return route,
    The delivery planning unit, based on the evaluation value, a delivery route that includes at least one of the direct route and the return route, or a delivery route that does not include the direct route and the return route. The hydrogen distribution planning device according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen distribution planning device generates the hydrogen distribution plan.
  6. 　前記制約設定部は、前記複数の需要拠点の中の特定の需要拠点には、優先的に水素を供給する制約を設ける、請求項３乃至５のいずれか一項に記載の水素配送計画装置。 6. The hydrogen distribution planning device according to claim 3, wherein the restriction setting unit sets a restriction to supply hydrogen preferentially to a specific demand base among the plurality of demand bases. 7.
  7. 　前記評価値計算部は、
    　水素不足を許容しない第１モードで前記評価値を計算し、
    　計算解が無い場合に、所定の需要拠点における水素不足を許容する第２モードで前記評価値を計算する、請求項１乃至６のいずれか一項に記載の水素配送計画装置。     The evaluation value calculation unit,
    Calculating the evaluation value in a first mode that does not allow a shortage of hydrogen;
    The hydrogen delivery planning device according to claim 1, wherein when there is no calculation solution, the evaluation value is calculated in a second mode that allows a shortage of hydrogen at a predetermined demand base.
  8. 　前記評価値計算部は、
    　水素不足を許容しない第１モードで前記評価値を計算し、
    　計算解が無い場合に、前記需要拠点毎に設定された需要削減率を需要に乗じる、請求項１乃至７のいずれか一項に記載の水素配送計画装置。     The evaluation value calculation unit,
    Calculating the evaluation value in a first mode that does not allow a shortage of hydrogen;
    The hydrogen distribution planning device according to claim 1, wherein when there is no calculation solution, the demand is multiplied by a demand reduction rate set for each demand base.
  9. 　前記制約設定部は、前記評価値計算部が生成する評価値に、運用適合度に重みパラメータの値を乗算して更に加算する、請求項３に記載の水素配送計画装置。 4. The hydrogen distribution planning device according to claim 3, wherein the constraint setting unit further multiplies the evaluation value generated by the evaluation value calculation unit by the value of the weight parameter with the operation suitability and further adds the evaluation value. 5.
  10. 　前記供給拠点における前記水素供給量を予測する水素供給予測部と、
    　前記複数の需要拠点におけるそれぞれの前記水素需要量を予測する水素需要予測部と、を更に備え、
    　前記取得部は、前記水素供給予測部が予測した前記水素供給量と、前記水素需要予測部が予測した前記水素需要量を取得する、請求項１乃至９のいずれか一項に記載の水素配送計画装置。     A hydrogen supply prediction unit for predicting the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base,
    A hydrogen demand prediction unit that predicts each of the hydrogen demands at the plurality of demand bases,
    The hydrogen delivery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the acquisition unit acquires the hydrogen supply amount predicted by the hydrogen supply prediction unit and the hydrogen demand amount predicted by the hydrogen demand prediction unit. Planning equipment.
  11. 　前回の配送計画の終わりでの車載貯蔵装置の位置と残量を推定する推定部を更に備え、
    　評価値計算部は、前記推定部の推定結果に基づき、評価値を計算する、請求項１乃至１０のいずれか一項に記載の水素配送計画装置。     Further comprising an estimating unit for estimating the position and remaining amount of the onboard storage device at the end of the previous delivery plan,
    The hydrogen delivery planning device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the evaluation value calculation unit calculates an evaluation value based on an estimation result of the estimation unit.
  12. 　前記供給拠点から供給される水素が、前記配送計画部が計画する配送計画と異なる配送計画にも含まれる場合に、　
    　前記他の配送計画から、供給拠点から水素を配送するタイミングと水素量、需要拠点に水素を配送するタイミングと水素量の情報を取得して、前記評価値計算部に供給する水素需要抽出部を更に備える、請求項１乃至１１のいずれか一項に記載の水素配送計画装置。     When the hydrogen supplied from the supply base is also included in a delivery plan different from the delivery plan planned by the delivery planning unit,
    From the other delivery plan, a hydrogen demand extracting unit that obtains information on the timing and amount of hydrogen to be delivered from the supply base, the timing of delivering hydrogen to the demand base and the amount of hydrogen, and supplies the information to the evaluation value calculation unit. The hydrogen distribution planning device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising:
  13. 　前記供給拠点から供給される水素の配送に用いる複数の車載貯蔵装置の中に、満充填する車載貯蔵装置が存在する場合に、前記満充填する車載貯蔵装置に充填する水素充填計画を生成する充填計画部を更に備える、請求項１乃至１２のいずれか一項に記載の水素配送計画装置。 In a plurality of in-vehicle storage devices used for delivery of hydrogen supplied from the supply base, when a fully-filled in-vehicle storage device is present, a hydrogen filling plan for filling the fully-filled in-vehicle storage device is generated. The hydrogen distribution planning device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising a planning unit.
  14. 　供給拠点における水素供給量と、複数の需要拠点におけるそれぞれの水素需要量を取得する取得工程と、
    　前記供給拠点と前記複数の需要拠点を結ぶ配送経路を複数生成する経路生成工程と、
    　前記水素供給量を前記複数の需要拠点へ配送する場合に生じる二酸化炭素量に基づき、前記複数の配送経路毎に評価値を計算する評価値計算部と、
    　前記評価値に基づき、前記供給拠点で生成される水素の配送計画を生成する配送計画工程と、を備え、
    　前記評価値計算工程は、前記水素供給量を前記複数の需要拠点に供給しても水素不足が生じる場合に、前記水素不足の量に対する代替エネルギの使用量に応じた二酸化炭素の前記複数の需要拠点毎の換算量に更に基づき、前記評価値を計算する、水素配送計画方法。     An obtaining step of obtaining the hydrogen supply amount at the supply base and the respective hydrogen demand amounts at the plurality of demand bases,
    A route generation step of generating a plurality of delivery routes connecting the supply base and the plurality of demand bases,
    An evaluation value calculation unit that calculates an evaluation value for each of the plurality of delivery routes based on an amount of carbon dioxide generated when the hydrogen supply amount is delivered to the plurality of demand bases;
    A distribution planning step of generating a distribution plan of hydrogen generated at the supply base based on the evaluation value,
    When the hydrogen supply amount is supplied to the plurality of demand bases and the hydrogen shortage occurs even when the hydrogen supply amount is supplied to the plurality of demand bases, the plurality of demands for carbon dioxide according to the amount of the alternative energy used for the hydrogen shortage amount are calculated. A hydrogen distribution planning method, further comprising calculating the evaluation value based on a conversion amount for each site.
PCT/JP2018/031656 2018-08-28 2018-08-28 Hydrogen distribution planning device and hydrogen distribution planning method WO2020044424A1 (en)

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