WO2020038924A1

WO2020038924A1 - Power plant and method for the operation thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2020038924A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/072235
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wolfgang Kirschbaum
Original assignee: Ostermann, Frank
Priority date: 2018-08-20
Filing date: 2019-08-20
Publication date: 2020-02-27
Also published as: DE102018120214A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a power plant (1), comprising a fluid reservoir (2), a vapor producer (3), a rotor (4), which is rotatably mounted on a rotor shaft (8), a generator (5), and an injection device (9), wherein: a fluid can be supplied to the vapor producer (3) from the fluid reservoir (2) by means of a fluid line (6); the fluid can be evaporated by means of the vapor producer (3) to form a fluid vapor (23); the produced fluid vapor can be conducted from the vapor producer (3) toward the rotor (4) by means of a vapor line (7); the rotor shaft (8) is operatively connected to the generator (5) such that the generator (5) can be driven by means of operation of the rotor (4) and in this way electric current can be produced; the injection device (9) comprises an injection chamber (10) and an injection line (11), which is connected to the injection chamber (10); the injection chamber (10) is fluidically connected to the vapor line (7) such that the fluid vapor (23) can be supplied to the injection chamber (10); a liquid injection fluid (24) can be supplied to the injection chamber (10) by means of the injection line (11) such that the injection fluid (24) can be injected into the fluid vapor (23) supplied to the injection chamber (10); the injection chamber (10) is fluidically connected to the rotor (4) such that a vapor-fluid mixture (26) produced in the injection chamber (10) can be supplied to the rotor (4). The aim of the invention is to provide a power plant, the structure of which is simplified in comparison with the prior art. This aim is achieved, according to the invention, in that the injection device (9) is arranged downstream of a last evaporator or superheater of the vapor producer (3) and upstream of the rotor (4).

Description

Power plant and method for its operation

description

introduction

The present application relates to a power plant according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the present application relates to a method for operating a power plant according to the preamble of claim 10.

The power plant comprises at least one fluid reservoir, at least one

Steam generator, at least one rotor rotatably mounted on a rotor shaft and at least one generator. The steam generator and the fluid reservoir are connected to one another in such a way that a fluid, in particular water, can be fed to the steam generator by means of a fluid line starting from the fluid reservoir. The steam generator can in particular comprise a combustion device by means of which a fuel can be burned.

The fuel can be formed in particular from pellets pressed from renewable raw materials. The latter can consist, for example, of compressed dry matter, which is obtained from agricultural manure by drying.

[03] Thermal energy released by the combustion of the respective fuel can be transferred to the fluid by means of a heat exchanger device, so that the fluid can be vaporized into a fluid vapor by means of the steam generator. For example, it is conceivable that the heat exchanger device is formed by a water coil that extends spirally within a combustion chamber of the steam generator. The fluid is carried along the water snake, flowing upward along the water snake. By increasing the input of thermal energy into the fluid, the fluid is first converted into its gaseous state so that the fluid vapor is present. The steam generator can also be used in such a way that the fluid steam is overheated, so that the heat exchanger device also acts as a superheater to a certain extent. The water vapor generated can finally be conducted in the direction of the rotor by means of a steam line which is connected to the steam generator.

[04] The rotor shaft of the rotatably mounted rotor is in operative connection with the generator, so that by means of operation of the rotor, in particular by means of a

Rotary drive of the same, the generator can be driven and in this way electrical current can be generated. In particular, it is conceivable to generate direct current, which can then be converted into alternating current by means of an inverter. This procedure makes it easier in particular the provision of alternating current in a desired network frequency.

State of the art

[05] Power plants of the type described in the introduction are already known in the prior art. For example, reference is made to the European patent specification EP 1 030 960 B1. This deals with the problem of equipping a power plant with a fast power control so that there is the possibility to increase the power of the power plant at short notice. This is intended to create the possibility of being able to cover a sudden need for electrical energy. This is by means of conventional

Typically, power plants are difficult to operate because their operation is subject to a certain degree of inertia, the higher the output at the moment of request

Fuel supply must be increased. The thermal energy released to a greater extent as a result of the increased supply of fuel must first be transported via the respective fluid, which is typically formed by water, to an associated turbine, where it is converted into rotational energy and finally into electrical energy. This process can take a time of the order of a few minutes, making a short-term increase in performance within a few seconds special

Action required.

[06] According to the prior art, these can be seen in the range of

Steam generator to inject water into the fluid vapor already generated. This means that an additional steam flow is provided at short notice, since the injected water evaporates immediately upon contact with the fluid steam and in this way generates said additional steam flow. At the same time, the injection of the water causes the temperature of the fluid vapor to drop, as a result of which a temperature difference between the fluid vapor and a superheater surface of the superheater increases. This means that heat energy stored in heat transfer surfaces of the superheater can be transferred to the fluid vapor for a short time, as a result of which the power of the power plant can be raised for a short time. In order to make the effect sustainable, the supply of fuel is also increased, so that an increased steam flow and thus an increased electrical output of the generator can be ensured in the long term.

The known power plant is to be regarded as disadvantageous in that it is comparatively complex and complex. task

The present application is therefore based on the object of providing a power plant, the construction of which is simplified compared to the prior art.

solution

The underlying object is achieved according to the invention by means of a power plant with the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements result from subclaims 2 to 9.

[10] The power plant according to the invention comprises an injection device which has an injection chamber and an injection line connected to the injection chamber. The injection chamber is fluidly connected to the steam line, so that the fluid vapor can be fed to the injection chamber. The injection line serves the

To supply an injection fluid to the injection chamber, so that the latter can be injected into the fluid vapor that is likewise supplied to the injection chamber. The injection chamber is in turn fluidically connected to the rotor, so that a vapor-fluid mixture generated as a result of the injection of the injection fluid into the fluid vapor can be fed to the rotor. In particular, a supply of fluid vapor to the rotor is only possible through the injection chamber. The injection chamber can in particular be arranged downstream of the steam generator and upstream of the rotor. In particular, the injection chamber can be arranged downstream of a (last) evaporator or a (last) superheater of the (last) steam generator, the steam generator and in particular — viewed in the direction of flow of the fluid or the fluid vapor.

[1 1] In terms of flow, the injection chamber is preferably located directly in front of the rotor. It can be particularly advantageous here if a line length between the injection chamber and the rotor is at most 1.0 m, preferably at most 0.8 m, further preferably 0.5 m.

The power plant according to the invention has many advantages. In particular, it is suitable to carry out the injection of an injection fluid not only to increase the power of the power plant for a short time, but also permanently and in this way to increase the power of the power plant permanently. This is based on the consideration that by means of the injection of the injection fluid into the fluid vapor, on the one hand

Total volume of the fluid vapor can be increased, since the injection fluid evaporates abruptly upon contact with the (hot) fluid vapor. In particular, the fluid vapor can be a

Have temperature of up to 600 ° C, preferably 500 ° C to 550 ° C. The injection fluid can in particular have a temperature of up to 90 ° C. On the other hand, the fluid vapor is enriched with water, which does not evaporate directly. As a result, a steam-fluid mixture is created, which can also be referred to as “direct wet instead steam”. This vapor-fluid mixture is fed to the rotor with a large mass flow, which is caused in particular by the injection fluid, and with a relatively low pressure. The pressure can be in the range up to a maximum of 10 bar, so that there is no need for a boiler attendant ("low pressure range"). There is also a pressure vessel for the storage and regulated delivery of the pressurized fluid vapor

dispensable, whereby the structure of the power plant according to the invention can be significantly simplified.

Consequently, such a power plant is particularly advantageous, which is formed downstream of the steam generator and upstream of the rotor free of pressure accumulators, in particular without a pressure boiler. Instead, the generated fluid vapor is fed directly to the injection device, that is to say without prior intermediate storage, for example by means of a pressure vessel, or the steam-fluid mixture is used energetically in the rotor directly, that is to say without prior intermediate storage. The energy stored in the vapor-fluid mixture can finally be converted into rotational energy by means of the rotor and into electrical energy by means of the generator coupled to the rotor shaft.

Another advantage of the power plant according to the invention can be seen in the fact that, in addition to the low pressure range (<10 bar), it can also be operated in the medium pressure range (10 bar to 20 bar) and in the high pressure range (> 20 bar). In addition, the output power of the power plant is particularly easy to regulate and therefore continuously changeable. This is

of particular interest for a direct utilization of the generated electric power, since the power generation can be flexibly adapted to the power requirement.

It is particularly advantageous here if the generator is operated by one

DC generator is formed, which optionally interacts with a downstream inverter. A translation from the rotor shaft to a generator shaft of the

Generator is preferably carried out by means of a gear with a fixed

Gear ratio, which in turn is preferably 1: 4.

[16] Furthermore, it is preferable if a control of the power plant is at least partially formed by a control that works on the basis of self-learning algorithms (“neuronal control”). Such a neural control is particularly well suited, depending on a changing demand for the output power of the power plant to regulate the volume flow of the injection water and the respective primary fuel.

[17] In an advantageous embodiment of the power plant according to the invention, the injection line is connected to the fluid reservoir. The injection fluid is therefore preferably formed from the same fluid that is supplied to the steam generator for the purpose of generating the fluid vapor. In this embodiment, the separate provision of an injection fluid is not necessary.

A pump, by means of which the injection fluid is pumped into the injection chamber, is preferably formed by a piston pump. By means of this, in particular

Generation of a high injection pressure is possible, which can be advantageous in the sense of fine atomization of the injection fluid in the course of its injection into the injection chamber.

[19] It may furthermore be advantageous if the injection device comprises at least one injection nozzle, by means of which the injection fluid can be injected into the injection chamber. Such an injection nozzle can in particular be designed such that the injection fluid is atomized into fine particles, as a result of which the reaction with the fluid vapor which the

Injection chamber can be fed from the steam generator, can be done particularly quickly. In particular, the transfer of thermal energy from the fluid vapor to the individual fine particles of the injected injection fluid can take place particularly quickly, since the total surface area of the injection fluid is increased drastically in the course of atomization by means of the injection nozzle. The reaction due to the injection of the injection fluid into the fluid vapor, that is to say in particular the sudden increase in the volume of the fluid vapor, is particularly pronounced as a result of the use of an injection nozzle.

[20] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the power plant according to the invention, the rotor comprises a housing with at least, preferably exactly, two nozzles arranged in mirror symmetry with respect to a rotor axis of the rotor. These nozzles are arranged on the housing with the formation of a lever arm with respect to the rotor axis, the radiation directions of the nozzles being aligned in the same direction of rotation about the rotor axis. When such a rotor is used, the recoil principle is used to drive the rotor, the steam-fluid mixture being fed from the injection chamber to the rotor or an interior of a housing of the rotor and then through the nozzles under the pressure of the steam. Fluid mixture is expelled from the rotor. The nozzles are aligned such that they generate a torque directed in the same direction of rotation of the rotor under the respective lever arm relative to the rotor axis. As for driving the in the manner described rotor, the momentum of the vapor-fluid mixture ejected from the nozzles is decisive, such a rotor is particularly advantageous in connection with this same vapor-fluid mixture. As already explained above, said vapor-fluid mixture combines both a high pressure and a comparatively high mass caused by the injection fluid. The high pressure leads to the fact that the vapor-fluid mixture is emitted from the nozzles of the rotor at a high speed, so that a high pulse results as a result, as a result of which the rotor is driven about the rotor axis.

[21] The rotor is preferably designed such that the nozzles are each connected in terms of flow by means of at least one flow channel to a feed opening through which the steam-fluid mixture can be fed to the rotor. Such a flow channel is preferably curved, so that the steam-fluid mixture flowing through the respective flow channel has a certain resistance

is opposed, which causes an additional build-up of pressure in the vapor-fluid mixture. The feed opening can in particular be connected directly to the injection chamber, so that the vapor-fluid mixture generated in the injection chamber can be fed directly to the rotor starting from the injection chamber. In particular, the feed opening can lead into an interior of the housing of the rotor, from which the vapor-fluid mixture can be repelled from the rotor through the nozzles.

[22] In a further advantageous embodiment of the power plant according to the invention, the rotor shaft is designed as a hollow shaft, which is fluidly connected to the injection chamber. In the area of the rotor, the rotor shaft is preferably connected to the housing or an interior of the housing of the rotor by means of a radial feed opening, so that the steam-fluid mixture supplied to the rotor shaft can flow from the rotor shaft in the radial direction into the housing of the rotor. This

An embodiment has the advantage that the vapor-fluid mixture can be fed to the feed opening independently of the rotation of the rotor about the rotor axis. Above all, a position of the rotor shaft, in particular an inner cavity of the rotor shaft designed as a hollow shaft, is independent of a rotational position of the rotor in relation to its rotor axis. The

Feeding the steam-fluid mixture through such a hollow rotor shaft is therefore particularly simple.

The power plant according to the invention, the rotor is arranged within an enclosure, the condensate formed as a result of cooling of the vapor-fluid mixture expelled from the rotor being stable in the enclosure and preferably being able to be supplied to the fluid reservoir starting from the enclosure. The enclosure provides consequently it is certain that the fluid emerging from the rotor, whether in its liquid or in its vaporous state, is “captured”, so that it is particularly reusable, that is to say recirculable. The housing surrounds the rotor at least substantially in a vapor-tight manner, so that the fluid vapor cannot escape from the housing after it has been used for energy purposes by means of the rotor. Accordingly, the fluid vapor will eventually condense on the walls of the housing and will then be usable in liquid form. In this way, the power plant can be used in particular in the form of a self-contained system which comprises a fluid circuit from which at least one

Intended use, no significant quantities of the fluid escape.

[24] When using such an enclosure, it can be advantageous if a system of the power plant, which comprises the fluid reservoir, the fluid line, the

Steam generator, the steam line, the injection device and the rotor arranged in the housing, is designed as a self-contained fluid circuit.

In particular, the housing can be at least indirectly, preferably directly, fluidically connected to the fluid reservoir, so that fluid trapped in the housing can be recirculated into the fluid reservoir and from there either the

Steam generator or in the form of an injection fluid can be fed to the injection chamber. In this embodiment, the power plant only comprises a central fluid store, from which the fluid circuit starts and at which the fluid circuit ends. The rotor is advantageously arranged above the fluid store, so that fluid collected in the housing of the rotor, which collects on the bottom of the housing due to the force of gravity, can be conducted directly into the fluid store through a transition cross section arranged in the bottom. In this embodiment, the fluid reservoir can be designed as a coherent structure together with the housing of the rotor.

In procedural terms, the underlying object is achieved by means of a method having the features of claim 10. Advantageous refinements result from subclaims 11 to 16.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that the fluid vapor is one downstream of the steam generator and one upstream of the rotor

Injection device is supplied. This includes an injection chamber and one

Injection line, the fluid vapor being introduced into the injection chamber in the course of its supply to the injection device. By means of the injection line, a liquid injection fluid is introduced cyclically or continuously into the injection chamber and in the course its injected into the fluid vapor located in the injection chamber. A vapor-fluid mixture is generated in this way. This vapor-fluid mixture is then fed to the rotor. The injection fluid is preferably injected

downstream of a (last) evaporator or a (last) superheater. Alternatively or additionally, the injection is preferably carried out directly in front of the rotor. It is particularly conceivable here that the steam-fluid mixture (“direct-wet saturated steam) generated as a result of the injection over a line section of at most 1.0 m, preferably at most 0.8 m, further preferably at most 0.5 m, is forwarded.

The method according to the invention is particularly simple to carry out by means of the power plant according to the invention. The resulting advantages have already been set out above in connection with the power plant according to the invention. In particular, by means of the injection of the injection fluid into the fluid vapor originating from the steam generator, an abrupt increase in the vapor volume is brought about, since the injection fluid is largely evaporated. In addition, the fluid vapor is enriched with the additional mass of the injection fluid. The result is a vapor-fluid mixture which has a comparatively low pressure and a large mass. Such a vapor-fluid mixture can be used particularly well in terms of energy, in particular by means of a rotor acting on the recoil principle.

[28] In a particularly advantageous manner, the method can be carried out in the low-pressure range, the pressure on this side of the injection chamber, that is to say

especially in the area of the steam generator, is a maximum of 10 bar. At this

Design can be a particularly low operational risk, so that the otherwise necessary safety requirements for power plants in the middle and

High pressure area work, are required, can be omitted.

[29] The injection fluid is advantageously removed from the fluid reservoir, from which the fluid fed to the steam generator is also removed. Consequently, only a single fluid, which can be kept in stock by means of a single fluid reservoir, is preferably used for the operation of the power plant. Said fluid can in particular be formed by water.

[30] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the fluid vapor starting from the steam generator becomes the

Injection device supplied. In this case, intermediate storage of the fluid vapor, in particular by means of a pressure vessel, is dispensed with. In this way, the structure of the power plant is kept simple, since on a pressure boiler and on one for one Use of such a necessary control is dispensed with. This simplified embodiment is possible in particular if the power plant is advantageously operated at a low pressure of the fluid vapor, the pressure of the fluid vapor advantageously being below 10 bar when the steam generator leaves the power plant. Regardless of this, the rotor preferably has a pressure in the range between 3.5 bar and 4.5 bar.

Moreover, such a method is particularly advantageous, in which fluid of the vapor-fluid mixture condensed on or in the rotor is collected and finally fed to the fluid reservoir. In this way, the fluid used as a whole, that is to say preferably both the fluid fed to the steam generator and the injection fluid used for injection, which originate from the same fluid reservoir, can be recirculated, so that in particular a self-contained system relating to a fluid circuit can be produced.

With regard to the conversion of the energy stored in the vapor-fluid mixture into rotational energy of the rotor and finally by means of transfer to the

Generator in electrical energy, it can be particularly advantageous to introduce the steam-fluid mixture through the rotor shaft and through a feed opening assigned to the rotor shaft into a housing of the rotor. The supply of the steam-fluid mixture through the rotor shaft is possible in a particularly simple manner, since the rotor shaft is arranged to be stationary in the course of the rotation of the rotor about the rotor axis, so that the injection device can be connected to the rotor shaft independently of a rotation of the rotor around the rotor axis is. The feed opening can in particular be designed in the form of a radial recess in a jacket of the rotor shaft, through which the vapor-fluid mixture, starting from the rotor shaft, radially into an interior of the housing of the rotor

can overflow. Starting from the feed opening, the steam-fluid mixture is preferably fed in at least two nozzles, which are based on the rotor axis

are arranged mirror-symmetrically on the housing of the rotor. The nozzles are suitable for leading the vapor-fluid mixture out of the rotor, the vapor-fluid mixture preferably being repelled according to the recoil principle. An impulse thus exerted on the housing or the rotor finally drives the rotation of the rotor about the rotor axis, since the nozzles are arranged relative to the rotor axis with the formation of a lever arm. The directions of radiation of the nozzles are oriented such that they act in the same direction of rotation with respect to the rotor axis. Basically, the arrangement of an even number of uniformly distributed nozzles on the rotor is advantageous in order to avoid imbalance. With regard to the guidance of the steam-fluid mixture within the housing of the rotor, it is particularly advantageous if the steam-fluid mixture is deflected by the feed opening of a respective nozzle in the course of its flow. In this way, a flow of the steam-fluid mixture is countered by an increased frictional resistance within a respective flow channel in the housing of the rotor, as a result of which the steam-fluid mixture is jammed and, consequently, its pressure is increased shortly before the rotor is repelled.

embodiments

[34] The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the figures. It shows:

1: A schematic representation of a power plant according to the invention,

2: A detail of an injection chamber of the power plant according to Figure 1,

3: A cross section through a rotor of the power plant according to FIGS. 1 and

4: A cross section through a rotor shaft of the power plant according to FIG. 1.

[35] An exemplary embodiment, which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, comprises a power plant 1 according to the invention, which comprises a fluid reservoir 2, a steam generator 3, a rotor 4 and a generator 5. A fluid is held in the fluid reservoir 2, which in the example shown is used both for supplying the steam generator 3 and for use as an injection fluid 24 by means of an injection device 9. For the purpose of supplying a fluid 22 from the fluid reservoir 2 to the steam generator 3, the fluid reservoir 2 and the steam generator 3 are connected to one another by means of a fluid line 6. The steam generator 3 comprises in particular a combustion chamber, not explicitly shown in the figures, within which a fuel, in particular in the form of pellets pressed from renewable raw materials, can be burned. Thermal energy released in this way is not shown in the figures either

Transfer heat exchange device to the fluid 22 so that the fluid 22 is evaporated to fluid vapor 23. In particular, it is conceivable that the fluid 22 one in the

Combustion chamber arranged water coil is fed, which extends spirally upward within the combustion chamber, the water coil being flowed around by hot exhaust gases from the combustion of the respective fuel and in this way absorbs the thermal energy released in the course of the combustion. This thermal energy is transferred to the fluid 22 carried within the water coil, so that the latter is evaporated. In the course of the generation of the fluid vapor 23, in the example shown, thermal energy is transferred into the fluid 22 beyond the level necessary for the vaporization of the fluid 22 or the fluid vapor 23 is introduced so that the fluid vapor 23 is overheated. In the example shown, the steam generator 3 is designed such that the fluid steam 23 can be overheated to a temperature of approximately 500 ° C. Nevertheless, the steam generator 3 can also be operated in such a way that fluid steam 23 is generated at a low temperature which is in the range of approximately 250 ° C.

[36] Starting from the steam generator 3, the fluid steam 23 is by means of a

Steam line 7 directly, that is to say in particular without intermediate storage

for example by means of a pressure vessel, fed to the injection device 9. In the example shown, the latter is arranged directly in front of the rotor 4, with one

The line length of a connecting line 25, which connects the injection device 9 and the rotor 4 to one another, here is approximately 0.3 m. The line section is preferably so short that a pressure generated as a result of the injection of an injection fluid 24 into the fluid vapor 23 is present at least substantially (at least 90%), preferably completely, on the rotor 4. In the example shown, the injection device 9 is also arranged, in particular, after a last superheater of the steam generator 3. This is formed here by the water snake located in the steam generator 3.

[37] The pressure of the fluid vapor 23 when it leaves the steam generator 3 is less than 10 bar here. A boiler keeper is not required. The injection device 9 comprises an injection chamber 10, which results in particular from FIG. 2. The

Injection chamber 10 is connected to the steam line 7 in terms of flow, so that the fluid vapor 23 guided in the steam line 7 can be introduced into the injection chamber 10. Furthermore, the injection device 9 is equipped with an injection line 11, by means of which the injection fluid 24 can be conducted into the injection chamber 10. In the example shown, the injection fluid 24 is the same as that which is also fed to the steam generator 3. In particular, the power plant 1 shown has only a single fluid reservoir 2, which interacts both with the fluid line 6 and with the injection line 11. Starting from the fluid reservoir 2, the injection fluid 24 is fed to the injection chamber 10 by means of an injection pump 20, which is formed here by a piston pump. The injection line 11 interacts with an injection nozzle 17, by means of which the injection fluid 24 can be atomized. In this way, it is achieved that a surface area of the injection fluid 24 is increased drastically in the course of the injection into the injection chamber 10. This has the technical effect that a transition of thermal energy from the superheated fluid vapor 23 to the liquid injection fluid 24, which in particular can be at a temperature between 15 ° C. and 90 ° C., can take place suddenly. The result of this is that the injection fluid 24 evaporates suddenly, at least for the most part, and in this way a vapor volume is enlarged. At the same time, the fluid vapor 23 is “enriched” with the mass of the injection fluid 24, with at least a certain proportion of the injection fluid typically remaining in its liquid state of aggregation due to the pressure conditions. As a result, a steam-fluid mixture 26 is generated by means of the injection device 9, which mixture can also be referred to as “direct wet saturated steam”.

This vapor-fluid mixture 26 is then fed directly to a rotor shaft 8 of the rotor 4 by means of a connecting line 25. This rotor shaft 8 is designed here in the form of a hollow shaft which is connected to the connecting line 25 in a vapor-tight manner. The connecting line 25 and the rotor shaft 8 are connected to one another in such a way that the steam-fluid mixture 26, starting from the connecting line 25, can flow into an inner cavity 27 of the rotor shaft 8.

[39] The rotor 4, which results in particular from FIGS. 3 and 4, is shown in

Torque transmitting manner arranged on the rotor shaft 8 and by means of

Rotor shaft 8 rotatably mounted about a rotor axis 13. In the example shown, the rotor 4 has a housing 12, which is formed here in the form of two semicircular shells arranged offset with respect to one another. The housing 4 has two nozzles 14, which are each arranged on the housing 12 with the formation of a lever arm 19 with respect to the rotor axis 13. In particular, the nozzles 14 are arranged on the housing 12 in mirror symmetry with respect to a mirror plane containing the rotor axis 13. The vapor-fluid mixture 26 is supplied to an interior of the housing 12 by means of supply openings 15. In the example shown, these are formed in the form of openings made in a jacket of the rotor shaft 8, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 4. The vapor-fluid mixture 26, starting from the cavity 27 of the rotor shaft 8, can flow through the inlet openings 15 in the radial direction into the rotor 4 or its housing 12. The rotor shaft 8 is provided with an inner wall 28, the one

Flow of the steam-fluid mixture 26 along the rotor shaft 8 beyond a point at which the inlet openings 15 are arranged is blocked.

[40] Within the housing 12 there is a plurality of flow channels 16, wherein one of the nozzles 14 is fluidically connected to a respective supply opening 15 by means of a plurality of the flow channels 16. The

Flow channels 16 extend within the housing 12 of the rotor 4 in a curved shape, which results in particular from FIG. 3. This shape creates a flow path that is elongated compared to a straight connection between a respective feed opening 15 and an associated nozzle 14, which depending on the flow path

Flow channel 16 is designed differently. The design of the flow channels 16 in this way has the consequence that the steam-fluid mixture 26 flowing from a respective feed opening 15 in the direction of an associated nozzle 14 is exposed to a certain frictional resistance. As a result, the flow channels 16 have at least a certain degree of congestion on the vapor-fluid mixture 26, as a result of which the pressure of the vapor-fluid mixture 26 increases further before it emerges from the respective nozzle 14. This increases the speed of the vapor-fluid mixture 26 in the course of the ejection from the nozzles, which in turn increases the pulse by means of which the rotor 4 can be driven in accordance with the recoil principle.

[41] Once at the nozzles 14, the vapor-fluid mixture 26 is expelled from the latter, as a result of which an impulse is exerted on the rotor 4 according to the recoil principle. Since the nozzles 14 are oriented in the same direction of rotation with respect to the axis of rotation 13, a rotation of the rotor 4 occurs, which, viewed in FIG. 4, is directed counterclockwise. This rotation is transmitted to the generator 5 by means of the rotor shaft 8, which is non-rotatably coupled to the rotor 4. As a result, the latter is set in rotation, whereby electrical current can be generated in a known manner. In particular, a direct current is generated by means of the power plant 1 shown here, which can be converted to alternating current by means of an inverter not shown in the figures. In principle, it is conceivable to couple the generator 5 to the rotor 4 with the interposition of a transmission. A coupling is preferably also provided, by means of which a torque-transmitting connection between rotor 4 and generator 5 can be coupled.

[42] In the example shown, the power plant 1 is advantageously equipped with a

Housing 18 equipped within which the rotor 4, the rotor shaft 8 and the generator 5 are arranged. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that only the rotor 4 is arranged within a housing and the rotor shaft 8 pierces the housing. In such an embodiment, the generator 5 can easily be arranged outside the respective housing. It is also basically conceivable to have a

Torque transmission from the rotor shaft 8 to the generator 5 by means of a

To manufacture power belts. In such an embodiment, it is correspondingly not necessary to arrange the generator 5 directly on the rotor shaft 8. Interposition of a transmission described above is also conceivable. The housing 18 serves to collect the vapor-fluid mixture 26 emerging from the rotor 4 and not to let it escape into the environment in an uncontrolled manner. In particular, the

Possibility created that the fluid vapor on walls of the housing 18th can precipitate and in this way is returned to its liquid state. All in all, all the fluid emerging from the rotor 4 can be collected in this way and returned to the fluid tank 2. In the example shown, the rotor 4 is arranged directly above the fluid tank 2, the housing 18 being placed on the fluid tank 2 in a dome shape. An interior space 29 of the housing 18 is connected to the fluid tank 2 in terms of flow technology directly by means of a transition cross section 21 which is arranged in a base 30 of the housing 18. In this way, all the fluid collected in the housing 18, which accumulates on the floor 30 as a result of gravity, can be conducted into the fluid tank 2.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 power plant

2 fluid tank

3 steam generators

4 rotor

5 generator

6 fluid line

7 steam pipe

8 rotor shaft

9 injection device

10 Injection chamber 1 1 injection line

12 housing

13 rotor axis

14 nozzle

15 inlet opening

16 flow channel

17 injector

18 housing

19 lever arm

20 injection pump

21 Crossover 22 Fluid

23 fluid vapor

24 injection fluid

25 connecting cable

26 Vapor-fluid mixture

27 cavity inner wall

inner space

ground

Claims

claims

1. Power plant (1), comprising

at least one fluid reservoir (2),

at least one steam generator (3),

at least one rotor rotatably mounted on a rotor shaft (8)

(4)

at least one generator (5) and

at least one injection device (9),

wherein a fluid can be fed to the steam generator (3) from the fluid reservoir (2) by means of a fluid line (6),

wherein the fluid can be evaporated to a fluid vapor (23) by means of the steam generator (3),

wherein the generated fluid vapor (23) can be conducted from the steam generator (3) by means of a steam line (7) in the direction of the rotor (4), the rotor shaft (8) being in operative connection with the generator (5), so that by means of the operation of the Rotor (4) the generator (5) can be driven and in this way electrical current can be generated,

wherein the injection device (9) comprises an injection chamber (10) and an injection line (11) connected to the injection chamber (10), the injection chamber (10) being connected to the steam line (7) in terms of flow, so that the fluid vapor of the injection chamber (10) A liquid injection fluid (24) can be fed to the injection chamber (10) by means of the injection line (11), so that the injection fluid (24) can be injected into the fluid vapor (23) fed to the injection chamber (10), the injection chamber (10 ) is fluidly connected to the rotor (4) so that a vapor-fluid mixture (26) generated in the injection chamber (10) can be fed to the rotor (4),

characterized in that

the injector (9) downstream of a last evaporator or

Superheater of the steam generator (3) and upstream of the rotor (4) is arranged.

2. Power plant (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection device (9) is arranged fluidically directly in front of the rotor (4).

3. Power plant (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that a

Line length of a connecting line (25) by means of which the injection chamber (10) is connected to the rotor (4) in terms of flow technology, a maximum of 1.0 m,

is preferably at most 0.8 m, more preferably at most 0.5 m.

4. Power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the injection line (11) is connected to the fluid reservoir (2), the injection fluid and the fluid intended for evaporation preferably being formed by the same fluid.

5. Power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the power plant (1) downstream of the steam generator (3) and upstream of the rotor (4) is designed free of pressure accumulators, in particular free of pressure boilers, so that in particular the fluid vapor generated can be fed in without prior storage of the injection device (9).

6. Power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the rotor (4) has a housing (12) with at least, preferably exactly, two nozzles (14) which are mirror-symmetrical with respect to a rotor axis (13) of the rotor (4) and which are under a lever arm (19) with respect to the rotor axis (13) are arranged.

7. Power plant (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the nozzles (14) are each formed by at least one, preferably curved

Flow channel (16) are connected in terms of flow technology to a feed opening (15) through which the steam (4) mixture can be fed to the rotor (4).

8. Power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the rotor shaft (8) is designed as a hollow shaft, the rotor shaft (8) being fluidly connected to the injection chamber (10) so that the steam-fluid mixture (26) starting from the injection chamber (10) through the rotor shaft ( 8) can be introduced into the rotor (4).

9. Power plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the rotor (4) is arranged within a housing (18), the condensate arising as a result of the cooling of the steam-fluid mixture (26) in the housing (18) being stable and starting from the housing (18) the fluid reservoir (2 ) can be fed.

10. Power plant (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that a system

comprising the fluid reservoir (2), the fluid line (6), the steam generator (3), the steam line (7), the injection device (9) and the rotor (4) arranged in the housing (18) as a self-contained fluid circuit is trained.

11. A method of operating a power plant (1) comprising the following

Steps:

a) Starting from a fluid reservoir (2), a fluid is fed to a steam generator (3) by means of a fluid line (6) and is evaporated by means of the steam generator (3).

b) The generated fluid vapor (23) is based on the

Steam generator (3) is guided in the direction of a rotor (4) by means of a steam line (7), the rotor (4) being rotatably mounted on a rotor shaft (8).

c) The rotor (4) is driven in rotation by the action of the pressurized fluid vapor (23), so that the rotor (4) is rotated together with the rotor shaft (8).

d) A generator (5) which interacts with the rotor shaft (8) is driven by driving the rotor shaft (8), so that electrical current is generated,

characterized by the following process step:

e) The fluid vapor is downstream of a last evaporator or

Superheater of the steam generator (3) and upstream of the rotor (4) are fed to an injection device (9) which comprises an injection chamber (10) and an injection line (11), the fluid vapor (23) being introduced into the injection chamber (10).

f) By means of the injection line (11), a liquid injection fluid (24) is fed to the injection chamber (10) and into the Fluid vapor (23) is injected into the injection chamber (10), so that a vapor-fluid mixture (26) results.

g) The vapor-fluid mixture (26) is fed to the rotor (4).

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the steam-fluid mixture (26) starting from the injection device (9) is fed directly to the rotor (4).

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the

Injection fluid (24) is removed from the fluid reservoir (2).

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 1 to 13, characterized in that the fluid vapor (23) starting from the steam generator (3) is fed directly to the injection device (9).

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that on or in the rotor (4) condensed fluid is fed to the fluid reservoir (2).

16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the steam-fluid mixture (26) by the rotor shaft (8) and one of the

Inlet opening (15) assigned to the rotor shaft (8) is introduced into a housing (12) of the rotor (4) and, starting from the inlet opening (15), is guided to at least two nozzles (14) arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to a rotor axis (13).

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the steam generator (3) is operated with a steam pressure of at most 10 bar.