WO2020038422A1 - 混合动力驱动系统 - Google Patents

混合动力驱动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020038422A1
WO2020038422A1 PCT/CN2019/101865 CN2019101865W WO2020038422A1 WO 2020038422 A1 WO2020038422 A1 WO 2020038422A1 CN 2019101865 W CN2019101865 W CN 2019101865W WO 2020038422 A1 WO2020038422 A1 WO 2020038422A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clutch
motor
gear
engine
rotating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/101865
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
祁宏钟
李罡
张安伟
吴为理
赵江灵
王川
朱永明
张良
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Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd filed Critical Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020038422A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020038422A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of new energy technologies, and in particular, to a hybrid drive system.
  • stepped transmissions there are two types of transmissions on the market: stepped transmissions and continuously variable transmissions.
  • the stepped transmission is subdivided into manual and automatic. Most of them provide a limited number of discrete input and output speed ratios through different meshing arrangements of gear trains or planetary gear trains.
  • the adjustment of the drive wheel speed between two adjacent speed ratios is Rely on the speed change of the internal combustion engine to achieve.
  • Continuously variable transmission whether mechanical, hydraulic or electromechanical, can provide an unlimited number of continuously selectable speed ratios within a certain speed range. In theory, the speed change of the driving wheels can be completely accomplished by the transmission. Can work as best as possible in the best speed range.
  • the continuously variable transmission has many advantages such as smooth speed regulation and full use of the maximum power of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the continuously variable transmission has been the object of research by engineers from various countries for many years.
  • the internal combustion engine, generator, motor, shaft system, and drive wheels form a series power chain.
  • the powertrain structure is extremely simple.
  • the combination of generator and motor can be regarded as a transmission in the traditional sense.
  • the transmission can also be used as an energy adjustment device to complete independent adjustments of speed and torque.
  • a parallel hybrid system has two parallel independent power chains.
  • One consists of a traditional mechanical transmission, and the other consists of a motor and a battery system.
  • the mechanical transmission is responsible for adjusting the speed, and the motor and battery system are adjusting the power or torque.
  • the mechanical transmission In order to give full play to the potential of the entire system, the mechanical transmission also requires a continuously variable transmission.
  • the present invention provides a hybrid drive system, which has a simple structure, multiple working modes, and good platformization.
  • the invention provides a hybrid drive system including an engine, a first motor, a second motor, a planetary gear device, a clutch gear device, and a switch device.
  • the engine and the first motor are both connected to the planetary gear device, and the clutch gear device is disposed on the engine.
  • the planetary gear device includes a first rotating element, a second rotating element, and a third rotating element; the third rotating element has a rotating wheel shaft; the first motor is connected to the third rotating element or the rotating wheel shaft; a clutch gear device Including a first clutch and a second clutch, the first clutch connects the engine and the rotating wheel shaft, the second clutch connects the first rotation element and the third rotation element, or the second clutch connects the second rotation element and the third rotation element; the switch device is locked Or unlock the first rotating element; the second motor is arranged in parallel with the first motor, and the second motor is connected to the output terminal.
  • the second clutch includes a driving part and a driven part, the driving part is connected to the third rotating element, and the driven part is connected to the first rotating element or the second A rotating element; or the driven portion is connected to the third rotating element, and the driving portion is connected to the first rotating element or the second rotating element.
  • the engine, the planetary gear device, and the first motor are arranged coaxially.
  • the first motor has a first motor output shaft, a first gear is provided on the first motor output shaft, a second gear is provided on the rotating wheel shaft, and the first gear Intermesh with the second gear.
  • the first rotating element is a sun gear
  • the second rotating element is a planet carrier
  • the third rotating element is a ring gear
  • the switching device is a brake or a one-way clutch
  • the first motor has a first motor output shaft, and the first motor output shaft is connected to the ring gear; the first clutch is engaged with the engine and the rotating wheel shaft; and the second clutch is operated Lock the sun gear and the ring gear at times, or lock the planet carrier and the ring gear when the second clutch is operating;
  • the brake or one-way clutch brakes or unlocks the sun gear
  • the hybrid drive system further includes an intermediate shaft, a third gear is provided on the intermediate shaft, and the third gear and the planet carrier mesh with each other;
  • the second motor has a second motor output shaft, a fourth gear is provided on the second motor output shaft, and the fourth gear and the third gear mesh with each other.
  • the hybrid drive system further includes a differential, a differential gear is provided on the differential, a fifth gear is provided on the intermediate shaft, and the fifth gear Intermesh with the differential gear.
  • the hybrid drive system has a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric first-speed mode, a dual-motor pure electric second-speed mode, an extended range mode, an engine alone driving one-speed mode, and an engine alone Drives two-speed mode, one-level hybrid mode, two-level hybrid mode, and parking power generation mode.
  • the first clutch, the second clutch, the brake or one-way clutch, the engine, and the first motor are all inoperative.
  • the second motor drives; in the dual-motor pure electric first-speed mode, the engine, the first clutch, and the second clutch do not work, and the brake or one-way clutch works, the The sun gear is braked by a brake or a one-way clutch, and both the first motor and the second motor are driven; in the two-motor pure electric two-speed mode, the engine and the first clutch do not work
  • the brake or one-way clutch is not working, the second clutch is working, the second clutch locks the sun gear and the ring gear, or the second clutch locks the planet carrier and the ring gear Both the first motor and the second motor are driven.
  • the first clutch works, the first clutch engages the engine and the rotating wheel shaft, the second clutch does not work, and the The brake or one-way clutch does not work, the engine drives the first motor to generate electricity, the first motor provides power to the second motor, and the second motor drives.
  • the first clutch in the extended range mode, the first clutch is activated, the first clutch engages the engine and the rotating wheel shaft, the second clutch is not activated, the brake or The one-way clutch does not work, the engine drives the first motor to generate electricity, the first motor provides power to the second motor, and the second motor drives.
  • the first clutch works, the brake or one-way clutch works, and the first clutch engages the engine and the rotating wheel shaft
  • the brake or one-way clutch brakes the sun gear, the second clutch, the first motor, and the second motor are not operated, and the engine is driven; the engine is driven in the second gear mode alone
  • the first clutch and the second clutch operate, the first clutch engages the engine and the rotating wheel shaft, the second clutch locks the sun gear and the ring gear, or the first clutch
  • the two clutches lock the planet carrier and the ring gear, the first motor, the second motor, and the brake or one-way clutch do not work, and the engine is driven.
  • the first clutch works, the brake or one-way clutch works, and the first clutch engages the engine and the rotating wheel shaft, so The brake or one-way clutch brakes the sun gear, the second clutch does not work, and the engine, the first motor, and the second motor are driven; in the two-stage hybrid mode, all The first clutch and the second clutch operate, the first clutch engages the engine and the rotating wheel shaft, the second clutch locks the sun gear and the ring gear, or the second clutch locks The planet carrier and the ring gear, the brake or the one-way clutch are not operated, and the engine, the first motor, and the second motor are all driven.
  • the first clutch works, the first clutch engages the engine and the rotating wheel shaft, the second clutch and the brake or a single When the clutch is not operated, the power of the engine is transmitted to the first motor to generate electricity.
  • the first rotating element is a sun gear
  • the second rotating element is one of a ring gear and a planet carrier
  • the third rotating element is a ring gear and a planet carrier.
  • the switching device is a brake or a one-way clutch.
  • the first rotating element is a planet carrier
  • the second rotating element is one of a sun gear and a ring gear
  • the third rotating element is a sun gear and a ring gear.
  • the switching device is a brake or a one-way clutch.
  • the hybrid drive system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a simple overall structure, and can be used in a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric first-speed mode, a dual-motor pure electric second-speed mode, an extended range mode, and an engine-driven single-speed mode.
  • the engine works in two-speed mode, one-level hybrid mode, two-level hybrid mode, and parking power generation mode. It has strong flexibility.
  • the hybrid drive system of the present invention can cover HEV models and PHEV models with good platformization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of a hybrid drive system according to a first embodiment of the present invention in a single motor pure electric mode.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a two-motor pure electric one-speed mode.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a two-motor pure electric second-speed mode.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system in the extended range mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a mode where the engine is driven alone in the first gear mode.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a mode where the engine is independently driven in the second gear mode.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system in the first-stage hybrid mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system in the two-stage hybrid mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system in the parking power generation mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 includes an engine 11, a planetary gear device, a first electric machine 13, a clutch gear device, a switching device, an intermediate shaft 16, a second electric machine 17, a differential 18, and a power battery (not shown in the figure). ⁇ ).
  • the engine 11 is, for example, a gasoline engine or a diesel engine.
  • the planetary gear device includes a first rotation element, a second rotation element, and a third rotation element.
  • the third rotating element has a rotating wheel shaft 127, the third rotating element is fixed on the rotating wheel shaft 127, the rotating wheel shaft 127 and the third rotating element can rotate synchronously, and the rotating wheel shaft 127 is connected to the first motor 13.
  • the first rotating element is, for example, the sun gear 121
  • the second rotating element is, for example, the planet carrier 124
  • the third rotating element is, for example, the ring gear 126.
  • the planet carrier 124 is provided with a planet gear 125.
  • the planet gear 125 is connected to the planet carrier 124 through rolling or sliding bearings.
  • the sun gear 121 is disposed in the ring gear 126.
  • the sun gear 121 and the planet gear 125 and the ring gear 126 mesh with each other.
  • the first motor 13 has a first motor output shaft 131, and the first motor output shaft 131 is connected to the ring gear 126 or the rotating wheel shaft 127.
  • the first electric machine 13, the planetary gear device and the engine 11 are arranged coaxially.
  • the first motor 13 is an integrated drive and power generation machine.
  • the clutch gear device includes a first clutch 141 and a second clutch 142.
  • the second clutch 142 includes a driving portion 142a and a driven portion 142b.
  • the driving portion 142a is connected to the ring gear 126
  • the driven portion 142b is connected to the planet carrier 124.
  • the first clutch 141 engages the engine 11 and the rotating axle 127. For example, when the first clutch 141 is operated, the first clutch 141 engages the engine 11 and the rotating axle 127; when the first clutch 141 is not operated, the first clutch 141 The clutch 141 separates the engine 11 from the rotating wheel shaft 127.
  • the second clutch 142 locks the first rotation element (sun gear 121) and the third rotation element (ring gear 126), or the second clutch 142 locks the second rotation element (planet carrier 124) and the third rotation element (ring gear 126)
  • the second clutch 142 locks the sun gear 121 and the ring gear 126
  • the second clutch 142 locks the planet carrier 124 and the ring gear 126, that is, the driving part 142a and the driven part of the second clutch 142 142b is combined
  • the second clutch 142 is not working, the second clutch 142 separates the sun gear 121 from the ring gear 126, or the second clutch 142 separates the planet carrier 124 and the ring gear 126, that is, the active portion 142a of the second clutch 142 Disconnected from the driven portion 142b.
  • the second clutch 142 of the present embodiment locks the second rotating element (planet carrier 124) and the third rotating element (ring gear 126).
  • the switching device is used to lock or unlock the sun gear 121 (first rotating element).
  • the switching device is, for example, a brake 151 or a one-way clutch, and the brake 151 or the one-way clutch is used to brake or unlock the sun gear 121.
  • the brake 151 or the one-way clutch works, the brake 151 or the one-way clutch brakes the sun gear 121; when the brake 151 or the one-way clutch does not work, the brake 151 or the one-way clutch unlocks the sun gear 121.
  • the intermediate shaft 16 is provided with a third gear 161 and a fifth gear 162.
  • the third gear 161 and the fifth gear 162 are spaced from each other.
  • the third gear 161 and the planet carrier 124 mesh with each other.
  • the second motor 17 is disposed in parallel with the first motor 13, and the second motor 17 is connected to the output terminal. Specifically, the second motor 17 has a second motor output shaft 171, and a fourth gear 172 is provided on the second motor output shaft 171. The fourth gear 172 and the third gear 161 mesh with each other. In this embodiment, the second motor 17 is an integrated drive and power generation machine.
  • the differential 18 is provided with a differential gear 181, and the differential gear 181 and the fifth gear 162 mesh with each other.
  • the differential 18 is used to adjust the speed difference between the left and right wheels.
  • the left and right wheels roll at different speeds to ensure pure rolling motion of the driving wheels on both sides.
  • the power battery is electrically connected to the first motor 13 and the second motor 17 respectively.
  • the power battery provides power for driving the first motor 13 and the second motor 17, and at the same time, the power generated by the rotation of the first motor 13 and the second motor 17 can be stored in the power battery.
  • the engine 11 drives the first motor 13 through the planetary carrier 124 and the sun wheel 121 to generate electric energy, and the electric energy can be stored in the power battery.
  • the power passes from the wheel end through the differential 18,
  • the differential gear 181, the fifth gear 162, the third gear 161, and the fourth gear 172 are then transmitted to the second motor 17, which drives the second motor 17 to rotate to generate electric energy, which can be stored in the power battery; when parked
  • the power of the engine 11 is transmitted to the first motor 13 through the sun gear 121, and the first motor 13 is rotated to generate electric energy.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 of the present invention has a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric one-speed mode, a dual-motor pure electric two-speed mode, an extended range mode, an engine alone driving one-speed mode, an engine independent driving two-speed mode, Level hybrid mode, level two hybrid mode and parking power generation mode.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of a hybrid drive system according to a first embodiment of the present invention in a single motor pure electric mode.
  • the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow in the figure.
  • the first clutch 141 and the second clutch 142 do not work, the brake 151 or the one-way clutch does not work, the engine 11 and the first None of the one motor 13 operates, and the second motor 17 is driven.
  • the power transmission has a path, that is, the second motor 17 is transmitted to the third gear 161, the intermediate shaft 16, the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, and the differential 18 through the fourth gear 172, Finally to the end of the wheel.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 can be driven in a single motor pure electric mode.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a two-motor pure electric one-speed mode.
  • the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in the figure.
  • the engine 11, the first clutch 141, and the second clutch 142 are not operated, and the brake 151 or the one-way clutch is operated.
  • the brake 151 or the one-way clutch brakes the sun gear 121, and both the first motor 13 and the second motor 17 are driven.
  • the power transmission has two paths.
  • the first motor 13 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 through the ring gear 126, the planet gear 125, and the planet carrier 124, and then passes through the third gear 161 and the fifth gear 162. , Differential gear 181, differential 18, and finally to the wheel end; path two, the second motor 17 is transmitted to the third gear 161, the intermediate shaft 16, the fifth gear 162, and the differential gear 181 through the fourth gear 172 , Differential 18, and finally to the wheel end.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 can be driven in a two-motor pure electric one-speed mode.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a two-motor pure electric second-speed mode.
  • the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in the figure.
  • the engine 11 and the first clutch 141 do not work
  • the brake 151 or the one-way clutch does not work
  • the second clutch 142 In operation, the second clutch 142 locks the planetary carrier 124 and the ring gear 126 (the planetary carrier 124 and the ring gear 126 are locked as a whole, and the entire planetary gear device rotates as a whole, and its speed ratio is 1).
  • the power transmission has two paths, of which path one, the first motor 13 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 through the entire planetary gear device, and then passes through the third gear 161, the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, Differential 18, finally to the wheel end; path two, the second motor 17 is transmitted to the third gear 161, the intermediate shaft 16, the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, the differential 18 through the fourth gear 172, and finally To the end of the wheel.
  • path one the first motor 13 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 through the entire planetary gear device, and then passes through the third gear 161, the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, Differential 18, finally to the wheel end
  • path two the second motor 17 is transmitted to the third gear 161, the intermediate shaft 16, the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, the differential 18 through the fourth gear 172, and finally To the end of the wheel.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system in the extended range mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in the figure.
  • the first clutch 141 works, the first clutch 141 engages the engine 11 and the rotating wheel shaft 127, the second clutch 142 does not work, and the brake 151 Or the one-way clutch does not work, the engine 11 drives the first motor 13 to generate electricity, the first motor 13 provides power to the second motor 17, and the second motor 17 drives.
  • the engine 11 drives the first electric motor 13 through the ring gear 126 to rotate the first electric motor 13 to generate electricity.
  • the electric energy generated by the first electric motor 13 is stored in a power battery, and the electric power driven by the second motor 17 is provided by the power battery.
  • the power transmission has a path, which is transmitted by the second motor 17 through the fourth gear 172 to the third gear 161, the intermediate shaft 16, the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, the differential 18, and finally To the end of the wheel. It is worth mentioning that when the car is running at full vehicle speed, the hybrid drive system 10 can be driven in the extended range mode.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a mode where the engine is driven alone in the first gear mode. As shown in FIG. 6, the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in the figure.
  • the first clutch 141 is operated, and the brake 151 or one-way clutch is operated. 127, the brake 151 or the one-way clutch brakes the sun gear 121, the second clutch 142, the first electric machine 13 and the second electric machine 17 are not operated, and the engine 11 is driven.
  • the power transmission has a path, which is transmitted from the engine 11 to the intermediate shaft 16 through the first clutch 141, the rotating wheel shaft 127, the ring gear 126, the planet gear 125, the planet carrier 124, and the third gear 161, and then through the first Five gear 162, differential gear 181, differential 18, and finally to the wheel end.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 can be driven in a mode where the engine is driven alone.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system according to the first embodiment of the present invention in a mode where the engine is independently driven in the second gear mode. As shown in FIG. 7, the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in the figure. In the second-speed mode of the engine alone driving, the first clutch 141 and the second clutch 142 are operated. The first clutch 141 engages the engine 11 and the rotating wheel shaft 127.
  • the second clutch 142 locks the planetary carrier 124 and the ring gear 126 (the planetary carrier 124 and the ring gear 126 are locked as one body, and the entire planetary gear device rotates as a whole, and the speed ratio is 1), the first motor 13, the second motor 17, and the brake Neither 151 or the one-way clutch is operated, and the engine 11 is driven.
  • the power transmission has a path, the engine 11 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 through the entire planetary gear device, and then passes through the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, the differential 18, and finally to the wheel end. It is worth mentioning that when the car is running at a medium to high speed, the hybrid drive system 10 can be driven in the engine's separate drive second gear mode.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system in the first-stage hybrid mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in the figure.
  • the first clutch 141 is operated, and the brake 151 or one-way clutch is operated.
  • the brake 151 or the one-way clutch brakes the sun gear 121, the second clutch 142 is not operated, and the engine 11, the first motor 13, and the second motor 17 are driven.
  • the power transmission has three paths.
  • the engine 11 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 through the rotating wheel shaft 127, the ring gear 126, the planet gear 125, the planet carrier 124, and the third gear 161, and then passes through the fifth gear.
  • 162, differential gear 181, differential 18, and finally to the wheel end path two, the first motor 13 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 through the ring gear 126, the planet gear 125, and the planet carrier 124, and then the third gear 161 , The fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, the differential 18, and finally to the wheel end; path three, the second motor 17 is transmitted to the third gear 161, the intermediate shaft 16, the fifth gear 162 through the fourth gear 172, The differential gear 181, the differential 18, and finally to the wheel end.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 can be driven in a mode where the engine is driven alone.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system in the two-stage hybrid mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in the figure.
  • the first clutch 141 and the second clutch 142 work.
  • the first clutch 141 engages the engine 11 and the rotating wheel shaft 127.
  • the clutch 142 locks the planet carrier 124 and the ring gear 126 (the planet carrier 124 and the ring gear 126 are locked into one body, and the entire planetary gear device rotates as a whole, and the speed ratio is 1), the brake 151 or the one-way clutch does not work, and the engine 11, Both the first motor 13 and the second motor 17 are driven.
  • the power transmission has three paths.
  • the engine 11 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 through the entire planetary gear device, and then passes through the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, the differential 18, and finally to the wheel.
  • Path two the first motor 13 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 16 through the entire planetary gear device, and then passes through the third gear 161, the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, the differential 18, and finally to the wheel end; path three
  • the second motor 17 is transmitted to the third gear 161, the intermediate shaft 16, the fifth gear 162, the differential gear 181, and the differential 18 through the fourth gear 172, and finally to the wheel end.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 can be driven in the engine's separate drive second gear mode.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of power transmission of the hybrid drive system in the parking power generation mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the power transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in the figure.
  • the first clutch 141 is operated. The first clutch 141 engages the engine 11 and the rotating wheel shaft 127, and the second clutch 142 and the brake 151 or The one-way clutch is not operated, and the power of the engine 11 is transmitted to the first electric machine 13 to generate power.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 of the present invention has a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric one-speed mode, a dual-motor pure electric two-speed mode, an extended range mode, an engine alone driving one-speed mode, an engine independent driving two-speed mode,
  • the level hybrid mode, the level two hybrid mode, and the parking power generation mode can automatically switch between different modes according to the SOC (residual power) value of the power battery and the speed requirement. For example, determine the magnitude relationship between the SOC value of the power battery and the first threshold value, or determine the magnitude relationship between the SOC value of the power battery and the first threshold value, and the magnitude relationship between the vehicle speed and the second threshold value; switch the operation of the hybrid drive system 10 according to the determination result. mode.
  • the first threshold is used to determine the level of the SOC of the power battery
  • the second threshold is used to determine the level of the vehicle speed. This embodiment does not limit the range of the values of the first threshold and the second threshold.
  • the control strategy can be set freely. Under different control strategies, the values of the first threshold and the second threshold are different. After the first threshold value and the second threshold value are set, an automatic judgment is made and the various modes are automatically switched according to the judgment result.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 of this embodiment is substantially the same in structure as the hybrid drive system 10 of the first embodiment, except that the connection relationship between the engine 11 and the planetary gear device and the connection relationship between the clutch gear device and the planetary gear device are different.
  • the first rotating element is the sun gear 121
  • the second rotating element is one of the ring gear 126 and the planet carrier 124
  • the third rotating element is the ring gear 126 and the planet carrier 124
  • the switching device It is a brake 151 or a one-way clutch.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 of this embodiment is substantially the same in structure as the hybrid drive system 10 of the first embodiment, except that the connection relationship between the engine 11 and the planetary gear device and the connection relationship between the clutch gear device and the planetary gear device are different.
  • the first rotating element is the planet carrier 124
  • the second rotating element is one of the sun gear 121 and the ring gear 126
  • the third rotating element is the sun gear 121 and the ring gear 126
  • the switching device It is a brake 151 or a one-way clutch.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 of this embodiment is substantially the same in structure as the hybrid drive system 10 of the first embodiment, except that the connection relationship between the first motor 13 and the planetary gear device is different.
  • the first motor 13 has a first motor output shaft 131, a first gear 132 is provided on the first motor output shaft 131, a second gear 123 is provided on the rotating wheel shaft 127, and the first gear 132 and the second gear 123 are mutually Mesh.
  • the first motor 13 is an integrated drive and power generation machine.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid drive system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the hybrid drive system 10 of this embodiment is substantially the same in structure as the hybrid drive system 10 of the first embodiment, except that the components locked by the second clutch 142 are different.
  • the second clutch 142 locks the first rotating element (the sun gear 121) and the third rotating element (the ring gear 126); when the second clutch 142 is operated, the second clutch 142 locks the sun gear 121 and the ring gear 126; When the second clutch 142 is not operated, the second clutch 142 separates the sun gear 121 from the ring gear 126.
  • the engine 11 and the first electric machine 13 of the hybrid drive system 10 of the hybrid drive system 10 of the present invention are both connected to a planetary gear device, and a clutch gear device is provided between the engine 11 and the first motor 13; the planetary gear device includes a first A rotating element, a second rotating element, and a third rotating element.
  • the third rotating element has a rotating wheel shaft 127.
  • the first motor 13 is connected to the third rotating element or the rotating wheel shaft 127.
  • the clutch gear device includes a first clutch 141 and a second clutch 142.
  • the first clutch 141 is connected to the engine 11 and the rotating axle 127
  • the second clutch 142 is connected to the first rotating element and the third rotating element, or the second clutch 142 is connected to the second rotating element and the third rotating element;
  • the switching device locks or unlocks the first A rotating element;
  • the second motor 17 is disposed in parallel with the first motor 13, and the second motor 17 is connected to the output terminal.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 of the present invention can be used in a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric first-speed mode, a dual-motor pure electric second-speed mode, an extended range mode, an engine alone driving one-speed mode, an engine alone driving two-speed mode, Working under the first-level hybrid mode, second-level hybrid mode, and parking power generation mode, it has strong flexibility.
  • the engine 11 and the first electric machine 13 are connected by a planetary gear device, the speed ratio is adjustable, and the range of the speed ratio is large, which can effectively reduce the volume of the first electric machine 13.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 of the present invention when the mode is switched, the second motor 17 participates in driving, and there is no problem of interruption of power.
  • the hybrid drive system 10 of the present invention can cover HEV models and PHEV models, and has a good platform.
  • the engine 11 of the hybrid drive system 10 of the present invention is connected to the ring gear 126.
  • the ratio of the speed ratios of the two gears of the system (the gear ratio) is relatively small. Switching is easier.
  • the hybrid drive system provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a simple overall structure, and can be used in a single-motor pure electric mode, a dual-motor pure electric first-speed mode, a dual-motor pure electric second-speed mode, an extended range mode, and an engine-driven single-speed mode
  • the engine works in two-speed mode, one-level hybrid mode, two-level hybrid mode, and parking power generation mode. It has strong flexibility.
  • the hybrid drive system of the present invention can cover HEV models and PHEV models with good platformization.

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Abstract

一种混合动力驱动系统（10），包括发动机（11）、第一电机（13）、第二电机（17）、行星齿轮装置、离合器齿轮装置和开关装置，发动机（11）与第一电机（13）均与行星齿轮装置连接，离合器齿轮装置设置在发动机（11）与第一电机（13）之间；行星齿轮装置包括第一旋转元件、第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件，第三旋转元件具有旋转轮轴（127），第一电机（13）与第三旋转元件或旋转轮轴（127）连接；离合器齿轮装置包括第一离合器（141）和第二离合器（142），第一离合器（141）连接发动机（11）和旋转轮轴（127），第二离合器（142）连接第一旋转元件和第三旋转元件，或者第二离合器（142）连接第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件；第二电机（17）与第一电机（13）平行设置，第二电机（17）连接至输出端。混合动力驱动系统（10）具有多种工作模式，平台化好。

Description

混合动力驱动系统 技术领域
本发明涉及新能源技术领域，特别涉及一种混合动力驱动系统。
背景技术
目前市场上的变速器主要有有级变速器和无级变速器两大类。有级变速器又细分为手动和自动两种，它们大多通过齿轮系或行星轮系不同的啮合排列来提供有限个离散的输出输入速比，两相邻速比之间驱动轮速度的调节则依靠内燃机的速度变化来实现。无级变速器，无论是机械式、液压式或机电式，都能在一定速度范围内提供无限个连续可选用的速比，理论上说，驱动轮的速度变化完全可通过变速器来完成，这样内燃机可以尽可能的工作在最佳速度范围内。无级变速器和有级变速器相比，具有调速平稳，能充分利用内燃机最大功率等诸多优点，因此无级变速器多年来一直是各国工程师们研究的对象。
近年来，电机混合动力技术的诞生为实现内燃机与动力轮之间动力的完全匹配开拓了新的途径。在众多的动力总成设计方案中，最具代表性的有串联混合系统和并联混合系统两种。
串联混合系统中，内燃机、发电机、电动机、轴系、驱动轮组成一条串联的动力链，动力总成结构极为简单。其中，发电机、电动机组合可视为传统意义下的变速器。当与储能器，如电池、电容等联合使用时，该变速器又可作为能量调节装置，完成对速度和扭矩的独立调节。
并联混合系统有两条并行的独立的动力链。一条由传统的机械变速器组成，另一条由电机、电池系统组成。机械变速器负责完成对速度的调节，而电机、电池系统则完成对功率或扭矩的调节。为充分发挥整个系统的潜能，机械变速器还需采用无级变速方式。
技术问题
串联混合系统的优点在于结构简单，布局灵活，但全部动力通过发电机和电动机，因此电机的功率要求高，体积大，重量重。同时，由于能量传输过程经过两次机电、电机的转换，整个系统的效率较低。在并联混合系统中，只有部分动 力通过电机系统，因此对电机的功率要求相对较低，整体系统的效率高。然而，并联混合系统需两套独立的子系统，造价高，通常只用于弱混合系统。
技术解决方案
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种混合动力驱动系统，其结构较简单，具有多种工作模式，平台化好。
本发明提供一种混合动力驱动系统，包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、行星齿轮装置、离合器齿轮装置和开关装置，发动机与第一电机均与行星齿轮装置连接，离合器齿轮装置设置在发动机与第一电机之间；行星齿轮装置包括第一旋转元件、第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件，第三旋转元件具有旋转轮轴,第一电机与第三旋转元件或旋转轮轴连接；离合器齿轮装置包括第一离合器和第二离合器，第一离合器连接发动机和旋转轮轴,第二离合器连接第一旋转元件和第三旋转元件，或者第二离合器连接第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件；开关装置锁定或解锁第一旋转元件；第二电机与第一电机平行设置，第二电机连接至输出端。
在本发明的实施例中，所述第二离合器包括主动部分和从动部分，所述主动部分连接于所述第三旋转元件，所述从动部分连接于所述第一旋转元件或第二旋转元件；或者，所述从动部分连接于所述第三旋转元件，所述主动部分连接于所述第一旋转元件或第二旋转元件。
在本发明的实施例中，所述发动机、行星齿轮装置和第一电机同轴设置。
在本发明的实施例中，所述第一电机具有第一电机输出轴，所述第一电机输出轴上设有第一齿轮，所述旋转轮轴上设有第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮与所述第二齿轮相互啮合。
在本发明的实施例中，所述第一旋转元件为太阳轮、所述第二旋转元件为行星架、所述第三旋转元件为齿圈、所述开关装置为制动器或单向离合器；
所述第一电机具有第一电机输出轴，所述第一电机输出轴连接于所述齿圈；所述第一离合器工作时使所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴接合；所述第二离合器工作时锁定所述太阳轮和所述齿圈，或者所述第二离合器工作时锁定所述行星架和所述齿圈；
所述制动器或单向离合器制动或解锁所述太阳轮；
所述混合动力驱动系统还包括中间轴，所述中间轴上设有第三齿轮，所述第 三齿轮与所述行星架相互啮合；
所述第二电机具有第二电机输出轴，所述第二电机输出轴上设有第四齿轮，所述第四齿轮与所述第三齿轮相互啮合。
在本发明的实施例中，所述混合动力驱动系统还包括差速器，所述差速器上设有差速器齿轮，所述中间轴上还设有第五齿轮，所述第五齿轮与所述差速器齿轮相互啮合。
在本发明的实施例中，所述混合动力驱动系统具有单电机纯电动模式、双电机纯电动一档模式、双电机纯电动二档模式、增程模式、发动机单独驱动一档模式、发动机单独驱动二档模式、一级混动模式、二级混动模式和驻车发电模式。
在本发明的实施例中，在所述单电机纯电动模式下，所述第一离合器、所述第二离合器、所述制动器或单向离合器、所述发动机和所述第一电机均不工作，所述第二电机进行驱动；在所述双电机纯电动一档模式下，所述发动机、所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器不工作，所述制动器或单向离合器工作，所述制动器或单向离合器制动所述太阳轮，所述第一电机和所述第二电机均进行驱动；在所述双电机纯电动二档模式下，所述发动机、所述第一离合器不工作,所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述第二离合器工作，所述第二离合器锁定所述太阳轮和所述齿圈，或者所述第二离合器锁定所述行星架和所述齿圈，所述第一电机和所述第二电机均进行驱动。
在本发明的实施例中，在所述单电机纯电动模式下，所述第一离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器不工作，所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述发动机驱动所述第一电机进行发电，所述第一电机为所述第二电机提供电能，所述第二电机进行驱动。
在本发明的实施例中，在所述增程模式下，所述第一离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器不工作，所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述发动机驱动所述第一电机进行发电，所述第一电机为所述第二电机提供电能，所述第二电机进行驱动。
在本发明的实施例中，在所述发动机单独驱动一档模式下，所述第一离合器工作,所述制动器或单向离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述制动器或单向离合器制动所述太阳轮，所述第二离合器、所述第一电机和所述第二电机均不工作，所述发动机进行驱动；在所述发动机单独驱动二 档模式下，所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器锁定所述太阳轮和所述齿圈，或者所述第二离合器锁定所述行星架和所述齿圈，所述第一电机、所述第二电机和所述制动器或单向离合器均不工作，所述发动机进行驱动。
在本发明的实施例中，在所述一级混动模式下，所述第一离合器工作,所述制动器或单向离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述制动器或单向离合器制动所述太阳轮，所述第二离合器不工作，所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机进行驱动；在所述二级混动模式下，所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器锁定所述太阳轮和所述齿圈，或者所述第二离合器锁定所述行星架和所述齿圈，所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机均进行驱动。
在本发明的实施例中，在所述驻车发电模式下，所述第一离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器和所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述发动机的动力传递到所述第一电机进行发电。
在本发明的实施例中，所述第一旋转元件为太阳轮、所述第二旋转元件为齿圈与行星架之一、所述第三旋转元件为齿圈与行星架另一，所述开关装置为制动器或单向离合器。
在本发明的实施例中，所述第一旋转元件为行星架、所述第二旋转元件为太阳轮与齿圈之一、所述第三旋转元件为太阳轮与齿圈另一，所述开关装置为制动器或单向离合器。
有益效果
本发明实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统，整体结构较简单，能在单电机纯电动模式、双电机纯电动一档模式、双电机纯电动二档模式、增程模式、发动机单独驱动一档模式、发动机单独驱动二档模式、一级混动模式、二级混动模式和驻车发电模式下工作，具有较强的灵活性。本发明的混合动力驱动系统能覆盖HEV车型和PHEV车型，平台化好。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统的结构示意图。
图2是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在单电机纯电动模式下的动力传递示意图。
图3是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在双电机纯电动一档模式下的动力传递示意图。
图4是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在双电机纯电动二档模式下的动力传递示意图。
图5是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在增程模式下的动力传递示意图。
图6是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在发动机单独驱动一档模式下的动力传递示意图。
图7是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在发动机单独驱动二档模式下的动力传递示意图。
图8是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在一级混动模式下的动力传递示意图。
图9是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在二级混动模式下的动力传递示意图。
图10是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在驻车发电模式下的动力传递示意图。
图11是本发明第四实施例的混合动力驱动系统的结构示意图。
图12是本发明第五实施例的混合动力驱动系统的结构示意图。
本发明的实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明的实施方式作进一步地描述。
第一实施例
图1是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统的结构示意图。如图1所示，混合动力驱动系统10包括发动机11、行星齿轮装置、第一电机13、离合器齿轮装置、开关装置、中间轴16、第二电机17、差速器18和动力电池(图未示)。
发动机11例如为汽油发动机或柴油发动机。
行星齿轮装置包括第一旋转元件、第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件。第三旋转元件具有旋转轮轴127，第三旋转元件固定在旋转轮轴127上，旋转轮轴127与第三旋转元件能同步转动,旋转轮轴127与第一电机13连接。在本实施例中，第一旋转元件例如为太阳轮121、第二旋转元件例如为行星架124、第三旋转元件例如为齿圈126。行星架124上设有行星轮125，行星轮125通过滚动或者滑动轴承连接在行星架124上，太阳轮121设置在齿圈126内，太阳轮121分别与行星轮125、齿圈126相互啮合。
第一电机13具有第一电机输出轴131，第一电机输出轴131连接于齿圈126或者旋转轮轴127。第一电机13、行星齿轮装置和发动机11同轴设置。在本实施例中，第一电机13为驱动和发电一体机。
离合器齿轮装置包括第一离合器141和第二离合器142。第二离合器142包括主动部分142a和从动部分142b，主动部分142a连接于齿圈126，从动部分142b连接于行星架124。在本实施例中，第一离合器141接合发动机11和旋转轮轴127,例如当第一离合器141工作时，第一离合器141接合发动机11和旋转轮轴127；当第一离合器141不工作时，第一离合器141使发动机11与旋转轮轴127分离。第二离合器142锁定第一旋转元件(太阳轮121)和第三旋转元件(齿圈126)，或者第二离合器142锁定第二旋转元件(行星架124)和第三旋转元件(齿圈126)，例如当第二离合器142工作时，第二离合器142锁定太阳轮121和齿圈126，或者第二离合器142锁定行星架124和齿圈126，即第二离合器142的主动部分142a与从动部分142b结合；当第二离合器142不工作时，第二离合器142使太阳轮121与齿圈126分离，或者第二离合器142使行星架124和齿圈126分离，即第二离合器142的主动部分142a与从动部分142b断开。如图1所示，本实施例的第二离合器142锁定第二旋转元件(行星架124)和第三旋转元件(齿圈126)。
开关装置用于锁定或解锁太阳轮121(第一旋转元件)。在本实施例中，开关装置例如为制动器151或单向离合器，制动器151或单向离合器用于制动或解锁太阳轮121。在本实施例中，当制动器151或单向离合器工作时，制动器151或单向离合器制动太阳轮121；当制动器151或单向离合器不工作时，制动器151 或单向离合器解锁太阳轮121。
中间轴16上设有第三齿轮161和第五齿轮162，第三齿轮161与第五齿轮162相互间隔设置，第三齿轮161与行星架124相互啮合。
第二电机17与第一电机13平行设置，第二电机17连接至输出端。具体地，第二电机17具有第二电机输出轴171，第二电机输出轴171上设有第四齿轮172，第四齿轮172与第三齿轮161相互啮合。在本实施例中，第二电机17为驱动和发电一体机。
差速器18上设有差速器齿轮181，差速器齿轮181与第五齿轮162相互啮合。在本实施例中，差速器18用于调整左右轮的转速差，当汽车转弯行驶或在不平路面上行驶时，使左右车轮以不同转速滚动，保证两侧驱动车轮作纯滚动运动。
动力电池分别与第一电机13、第二电机17电性连接。动力电池为第一电机13和第二电机17提供驱动用的电能，同时第一电机13和第二电机17旋转产生的电能可存储在动力电池中。在本实施例中，发动机11通过行星架124和太阳轮121驱使第一电机13旋转产生电能，该电能可存储在动力电池中；当汽车制动时，动力由轮端经过差速器18、差速器齿轮181、第五齿轮162、第三齿轮161、第四齿轮172后传递到第二电机17，驱使第二电机17旋转产生电能，该电能可存储在动力电池中；当驻车时，发动机11的动力通过太阳轮121传递到第一电机13，并使第一电机13旋转产生电能。
本发明的混合动力驱动系统10具有单电机纯电动模式、双电机纯电动一档模式、双电机纯电动二档模式、增程模式、发动机单独驱动一档模式、发动机单独驱动二档模式、一级混动模式、二级混动模式和驻车发电模式。
图2是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在单电机纯电动模式下的动力传递示意图。如图2所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在单电机纯电动模式下，第一离合器141、第二离合器142不工作,制动器151或单向离合器不工作,发动机11和第一电机13均不工作，第二电机17进行驱动。在本实施例中，动力传递具有一条路径，即由第二电机17通过第四齿轮172传递到第三齿轮161、中间轴16、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端。值得一提的是，当汽车处于全车速行驶时，混合动力驱动系统10可在单电机纯 电动模式下进行驱动。
图3是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在双电机纯电动一档模式下的动力传递示意图。如图3所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在双电机纯电动一档模式下，发动机11、第一离合器141和第二离合器142不工作，制动器151或单向离合器工作，制动器151或单向离合器制动太阳轮121，第一电机13和第二电机17均进行驱动。在本实施例中，动力传递具有两条路径，其中路径一，第一电机13通过齿圈126、行星轮125、行星架124传递到中间轴16，再通过第三齿轮161、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端；路径二，第二电机17通过第四齿轮172传递到第三齿轮161、中间轴16、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端。值得一提的是，当汽车处于中低车速行驶时，混合动力驱动系统10可在双电机纯电动一档模式下进行驱动。
图4是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在双电机纯电动二档模式下的动力传递示意图。如图4所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在双电机纯电动二档模式下，发动机11、第一离合器141不工作,制动器151或单向离合器不工作，第二离合器142工作，第二离合器142锁定行星架124和齿圈126(行星架124和齿圈126被锁死为一体，整个行星齿轮装置整体转动，其速比为1)。在本实施例中，动力传递具有两条路径，其中路径一，第一电机13通过整个行星齿轮装置传递到中间轴16，再通过第三齿轮161、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端；路径二，第二电机17通过第四齿轮172传递到第三齿轮161、中间轴16、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端。值得一提的是，当汽车处于中高车速行驶时，混合动力驱动系统10可在双电机纯电动二档模式下进行驱动。
图5是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在增程模式下的动力传递示意图。如图5所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在增程模式下，第一离合器141工作，第一离合器141接合发动机11和旋转轮轴127，第二离合器142不工作,制动器151或单向离合器不工作，发动机11驱动第一电机13进行发电，第一电机13为第二电机17提供电能，第二电机17进行驱动。发动机11经由齿圈126带动第一电机13，使第一电机13旋转发电，第一电机13产生的电能存 在动力电池中，并由动力电池提供第二电机17驱动的电能。在本实施例中，动力传递具有一条路径，由第二电机17通过第四齿轮172传递到第三齿轮161、中间轴16、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端。值得一提的是，当汽车处于全车速行驶时，混合动力驱动系统10可在增程模式下进行驱动。
图6是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在发动机单独驱动一档模式下的动力传递示意图。如图6所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在发动机单独驱动一档模式下，第一离合器141工作,制动器151或单向离合器工作，第一离合器141接合发动机11和旋转轮轴127，制动器151或单向离合器制动太阳轮121，第二离合器142、第一电机13和第二电机17均不工作，发动机11进行驱动。在本实施例中，动力传递具有一条路径，由发动机11通过第一离合器141、旋转轮轴127、齿圈126、行星轮125、行星架124、第三齿轮161传递到中间轴16，再通过第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端。值得一提的是，当汽车处于中低速行驶时，混合动力驱动系统10可在发动机单独驱动一档模式下进行驱动。
图7是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在发动机单独驱动二档模式下的动力传递示意图。如图7所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在发动机单独驱动二档模式下，第一离合器141和第二离合器142工作，第一离合器141接合发动机11和旋转轮轴127，第二离合器142锁定行星架124和齿圈126(行星架124和齿圈126被锁死为一体，整个行星齿轮装置整体转动，其速比为1)，第一电机13、第二电机17和制动器151或单向离合器均不工作，发动机11进行驱动。在本实施例中，动力传递具有一条路径，发动机11通过整个行星齿轮装置传递到中间轴16，再通过第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端。值得一提的是，当汽车处于中高速行驶时，混合动力驱动系统10可在发动机单独驱动二档模式下进行驱动。
图8是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在一级混动模式下的动力传递示意图。如图8所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在一级混动模式下，第一离合器141工作,制动器151或单向离合器工作，第一离合器141接合发动机11和旋转轮轴127，制动器151或单向离合器制动太阳轮121，第二离合器 142不工作，发动机11、第一电机13和第二电机17进行驱动。在本实施例中，动力传递具有三条路径，其中路径一，发动机11通过旋转轮轴127、齿圈126、行星轮125、行星架124、第三齿轮161传递到中间轴16，再通过第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端；路径二，第一电机13通过齿圈126、、行星轮125、行星架124传递到中间轴16，再通过第三齿轮161、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端；路径三，第二电机17通过第四齿轮172传递到第三齿轮161、中间轴16、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端。值得一提的是，当汽车处于中低车速行驶时，混合动力驱动系统10可在发动机单独驱动一档模式下进行驱动。
图9是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在二级混动模式下的动力传递示意图。如图9所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在二级混动模式下，第一离合器141和第二离合器142工作，第一离合器141接合发动机11和旋转轮轴127，第二离合器142锁定行星架124和齿圈126(行星架124和齿圈126被锁死为一体，整个行星齿轮装置整体转动，其速比为1)，制动器151或单向离合器不工作，发动机11、第一电机13和第二电机17均进行驱动。在本实施例中，动力传递具有三条路径，其中路径一，发动机11通过整个行星齿轮装置传递到中间轴16，再通过第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端；路径二，第一电机13通过整个行星齿轮装置传递到中间轴16，再通过第三齿轮161、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端；路径三，第二电机17通过第四齿轮172传递到第三齿轮161、中间轴16、第五齿轮162、差速器齿轮181、差速器18，最后到轮端。值得一提的是，当汽车处于中高车速行驶时，混合动力驱动系统10可在发动机单独驱动二档模式下进行驱动。
图10是本发明第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统在驻车发电模式下的动力传递示意图。如图10所示，动力传递方向如图中箭头方向所示，在驻车发电模式下，第一离合器141工作，第一离合器141接合发动机11和旋转轮轴127，第二离合器142和制动器151或单向离合器不工作，发动机11的动力传递到第一电机13进行发电。
本发明的混合动力驱动系统10具有单电机纯电动模式、双电机纯电动一档模式、双电机纯电动二档模式、增程模式、发动机单独驱动一档模式、发动机 单独驱动二档模式、一级混动模式、二级混动模式和驻车发电模式，可根据动力电池的SOC(剩余电量)值及车速需求自动实现不同模式的切换。例如判断动力电池SOC值与第一阈值的大小关系，或者同时判断动力电池SOC值与第一阈值的大小关系以及车速与第二阈值的大小关系；根据判断结果，切换混合动力驱动系统10的工作模式。需要说明的是，第一阈值用于判断动力电池SOC值的高低，第二阈值用于判断车速的高低，本实施例不对第一阈值和第二阈值的取值范围做限定，通常可以根据具体的控制策略自由设定，不同的控制策略下，第一阈值和第二阈值的取值都不尽相同。设定好第一阈值和第二阈值后，则自动判断并根据判断结果在各种模式间自动切换。
上述九种模式具体以表格体现如下：
Figure PCTCN2019101865-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019101865-appb-000002
第二实施例
本实施例的混合动力驱动系统10与第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统10结构大致相同，不同点在于发动机11与行星齿轮装置的连接关系以及离合器齿轮装置与行星齿轮装置的连接关系不同。
具体地，在本实施例中，第一旋转元件为太阳轮121、第二旋转元件为齿圈126与行星架124之一、第三旋转元件为齿圈126与行星架124另一，开关装置为制动器151或单向离合器。关于混合动力驱动系统10各部件的连接关系和驱动方法请参照第一实施例。
第三实施例
本实施例的混合动力驱动系统10与第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统10结构大致相同，不同点在于发动机11与行星齿轮装置的连接关系以及离合器齿轮装置与行星齿轮装置的连接关系不同。
具体地，在本实施例中，第一旋转元件为行星架124、第二旋转元件为太阳轮121与齿圈126之一、第三旋转元件为太阳轮121与齿圈126另一，开关装置为制动器151或单向离合器。关于混合动力驱动系统10各部件的连接关系和驱动方法请参照第一实施例。
第四实施例
图11是本发明第四实施例的混合动力驱动系统的结构示意图。如图11所示，本实施例的混合动力驱动系统10与第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统10结构大致相同，不同点在于第一电机13与行星齿轮装置的连接关系不同。
具体地，第一电机13具有第一电机输出轴131，第一电机输出轴131上设有第一齿轮132，旋转轮轴127上设有第二齿轮123，第一齿轮132与第二齿轮123相互啮合。在本实施例中，第一电机13为驱动和发电一体机。
第五实施例
图12是本发明第五实施例的混合动力驱动系统的结构示意图。如图12所示，本实施例的混合动力驱动系统10与第一实施例的混合动力驱动系统10结构大致相同，不同点在于第二离合器142锁定的元件不同。
如图12所示，第二离合器142锁定第一旋转元件(太阳轮121)和第三旋转元件(齿圈126)；当第二离合器142工作时，第二离合器142锁定太阳轮121和齿圈126；当第二离合器142不工作时，第二离合器142使太阳轮121与齿圈126分离。本发明的混合动力驱动系统10的混合动力驱动系统10的发动机11与第一电机13均与行星齿轮装置连接，离合器齿轮装置设置在发动机11与第一电机13之间；行星齿轮装置包括第一旋转元件、第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件，第三旋转元件具有旋转轮轴127,第一电机13与第三旋转元件或旋转轮轴127连接；离合器齿轮装置包括第一离合器141和第二离合器142，第一离合器141连接发动机11和旋转轮轴127,第二离合器142连接第一旋转元件和第三旋转元件，或者第二离合器142连接第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件；开关装置锁定或解锁第一旋转元件；第二电机17与第一电机13平行设置，第二电机17连接至输出端。本发明的混合动力驱动系统10能在单电机纯电动模式、双电机纯电动一档模式、双电机纯电动二档模式、增程模式、发动机单独驱动一档模式、发动机单独驱动二档模式、一级混动模式、二级混动模式和驻车发电模式下工作，具有较强的灵活性。而且，发动机11和第一电机13通过行星齿轮装置连接，速比可调，速比范围较大，能有效减小第一电机13的体积。此外，本发明的混合动力驱动系统10在进行模式切换时，第二电机17参与驱动，动力不存在中断的问题。还有，本发明的混合动力驱动系统10能覆盖HEV车型和PHEV车型，平台化好。
值得一提的是，本发明的混合动力驱动系统10的发动机11连接齿圈126， 该系统的两个档位的速比之比(档位的阶比)比较小，因此各模式之间的切换更容易。
上述实施方式只是本发明的实施例，不是用来限制本发明的实施与权利范围，凡依据本发明专利所申请的保护范围中所述的内容做出的等效变化和修饰，均应包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
工业实用性
本发明实施例提供的混合动力驱动系统，整体结构较简单，能在单电机纯电动模式、双电机纯电动一档模式、双电机纯电动二档模式、增程模式、发动机单独驱动一档模式、发动机单独驱动二档模式、一级混动模式、二级混动模式和驻车发电模式下工作，具有较强的灵活性。本发明的混合动力驱动系统能覆盖HEV车型和PHEV车型，平台化好。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，包括：
    发动机、第一电机、第二电机、行星齿轮装置、离合器齿轮装置和开关装置，所述发动机与所述第一电机均与所述行星齿轮装置连接，所述离合器齿轮装置设置在所述发动机与所述第一电机之间；
    所述行星齿轮装置包括第一旋转元件、第二旋转元件和第三旋转元件，所述第三旋转元件具有旋转轮轴,所述第一电机与所述第三旋转元件或旋转轮轴连接；
    所述离合器齿轮装置包括第一离合器和第二离合器，所述第一离合器连接所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴,所述第二离合器连接所述第一旋转元件和所述第三旋转元件，或者所述第二离合器连接所述第二旋转元件和所述第三旋转元件；
    所述开关装置锁定或解锁所述第一旋转元件；
    所述第二电机与所述第一电机平行设置，所述第二电机连接至输出端。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述第二离合器包括主动部分和从动部分，所述主动部分连接于所述第三旋转元件，所述从动部分连接于所述第一旋转元件或第二旋转元件；或者，所述从动部分连接于所述第三旋转元件，所述主动部分连接于所述第一旋转元件或第二旋转元件。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述发动机、行星齿轮装置和第一电机同轴设置。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述第一电机具有第一电机输出轴，所述第一电机输出轴上设有第一齿轮，所述旋转轮轴上设有第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮与所述第二齿轮相互啮合。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述第一旋转元件为太阳轮、所述第二旋转元件为行星架、所述第三旋转元件为齿圈、所述开关装置为制动器或单向离合器；
    所述第一电机具有第一电机输出轴，所述第一电机输出轴连接于所述齿圈；所述第一离合器工作时使所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴接合；所述第二离合器工作时锁定所述太阳轮和所述齿圈，或者所述第二离合器工作时锁定所述行星架和所述齿圈；
    所述制动器或单向离合器制动或解锁所述太阳轮；
    所述混合动力驱动系统还包括中间轴，所述中间轴上设有第三齿轮，所述第三齿轮与所述行星架相互啮合；
    所述第二电机具有第二电机输出轴，所述第二电机输出轴上设有第四齿轮，所述第四齿轮与所述第三齿轮相互啮合。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述混合动力驱动系统还包括差速器，所述差速器上设有差速器齿轮，所述中间轴上还设有第五齿轮，所述第五齿轮与所述差速器齿轮相互啮合。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述混合动力驱动系统具有单电机纯电动模式、双电机纯电动一档模式、双电机纯电动二档模式、增程模式、发动机单独驱动一档模式、发动机单独驱动二档模式、一级混动模式、二级混动模式和驻车发电模式。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，在所述单电机纯电动模式下，所述第一离合器、所述第二离合器、所述制动器或单向离合器、所述发动机和所述第一电机均不工作，所述第二电机进行驱动；在所述双电机纯电动一档模式下，所述发动机、所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器不工作，所述制动器或单向离合器工作，所述制动器或单向离合器制动所述太阳轮，所述第一电机和所述第二电机均进行驱动；在所述双电机纯电动二档模式下，所述发动机、所述第一离合器不工作，所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述第二离合器工作，所述第二离合器锁定所述太阳轮和所述齿圈，或者所述第二离合器锁定所述行星架和所述齿圈，所述第一电机和所述第二电机均进行驱动。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，在所述增程模式下，所述第一离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器不工作，所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述发动机驱动所述第一电机进行发电，所述第一电机为所述第二电机提供电能，所述第二电机进行驱动。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，在所述发动机单独驱动一档模式下，所述第一离合器工作，所述制动器或单向离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述制动器或单向离合器制动所述太阳轮，所述第二离合器、所述第一电机和所述第二电机均不工作，所述发动机进行驱动；在所述发动机单独驱动二档模式下，所述第一离合器和所述第二离合 器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器锁定所述太阳轮和所述齿圈，或者所述第二离合器锁定所述行星架和所述齿圈，所述第一电机、所述第二电机和所述制动器或单向离合器均不工作，所述发动机进行驱动。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，在所述一级混动模式下，所述第一离合器工作，所述制动器或单向离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述制动器或单向离合器制动所述太阳轮，所述第二离合器不工作，所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机进行驱动；在所述二级混动模式下，所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器锁定所述太阳轮和所述齿圈，或者所述第二离合器锁定所述行星架和所述齿圈，所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机均进行驱动。
  12. 如权利要求7所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，在所述驻车发电模式下，所述第一离合器工作，所述第一离合器接合所述发动机和所述旋转轮轴，所述第二离合器和所述制动器或单向离合器不工作，所述发动机的动力传递到所述第一电机进行发电。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述第一旋转元件为太阳轮、所述第二旋转元件为齿圈与行星架之一、所述第三旋转元件为齿圈与行星架另一，所述开关装置为制动器或单向离合器。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的混合动力驱动系统，其特征在于，所述第一旋转元件为行星架、所述第二旋转元件为太阳轮与齿圈之一、所述第三旋转元件为太阳轮与齿圈另一，所述开关装置为制动器或单向离合器。
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