WO2020038070A1 - 一种除草剂组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种除草剂组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2020038070A1
WO2020038070A1 PCT/CN2019/090323 CN2019090323W WO2020038070A1 WO 2020038070 A1 WO2020038070 A1 WO 2020038070A1 CN 2019090323 W CN2019090323 W CN 2019090323W WO 2020038070 A1 WO2020038070 A1 WO 2020038070A1
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sodium
herbicide composition
polyoxyethylene ether
isooctyl
sulfonate
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PCT/CN2019/090323
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English (en)
French (fr)
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易芬远
李略
韦茂春
杨淑兰
王超
胡智杰
黄科润
余青云
方冬林
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广西化工研究院有限公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/28Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
    • A01N47/36Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/80Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a herbicide composition and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • the control of agricultural weeds has always been the most concerned and important issue in agricultural production. Crops are almost endangered by various weeds throughout the growing season.
  • the main weeds in cornfields and sugarcane fields are clematis, barnyardgrass, goosegrass, old-fashioned tangs, fragrant aconites, small flying tents, purslane, solanum, clover, hogweed, cocklebur, and cocklebur. , Big foxtail and so on.
  • the herbicides currently registered for use in corn fields are mesotrione, nicosulfuron, sulfsulfuron, acetochlor, sodium methyl chloride, atrazine, simazine, and clofloxacin.
  • Herbicides used in sugarcane fields are mainly formulated from one or several active ingredients such as 2 methyl 4 chloride, fendichlor, diuron, cyclodazinone, atrazine, bromoxynil and the like. Long-term use of a single or the same herbicide, some weeds in cornfields and sugarcane fields have gradually increased resistance to the above single agents. Grass control effect is not ideal.
  • Pyrifensulfuron belongs to the sulfonylurea herbicide. By inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALs) of weeds, it prevents the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids in plants, thereby preventing the synthesis of weed proteins and stopping weed cell division. The grass died. Pyrisulfuron can be absorbed through the leaves and roots of weeds, which can control yarrow, sedge, broad-leaved weeds, and duckweed moss. Orthosulfamuron, Common English name of pyriphenamine, CA Registration No.
  • Afluoxazone is a triketone-based herbicide for stem and leaf treatment. It is absorbed by roots, seedlings, and leaves, and is transmitted to the meristem in the plant to the apex and base, inhibiting 4-HPPD, and making carotenoids and chlorophyll Biosynthesis is inhibited and functionally disrupted, leading to germination of sensitive weeds within 2-5 days of bleaching, and plant death within 14 days. Maize tolerance to BAS670 011 is based on its low sensitivity to herbicide target enzymes, its slow absorption and conduction, and its rapid metabolism to inactivity and selectivity.
  • Isooctyl chloride is a systemic-conducting herbicide for stem and leaf treatment of post-emergence seedlings, which is quickly absorbed by weeds after application, which causes sensitive plants to respond to typical hormone herbicides and conduct them to all parts of the plant The plant is deformed, distorted, and eventually dies. Suitable for controlling broad-leaved weeds in wheat, barley, corn, grapes, orchards, pastures, woodlands, lawns, etc. Ineffective against grass weeds.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a herbicide composition, which can effectively control annual grass weeds, sedge family weeds and broad-leaved weeds, and is safe for the growth of corn and sugar cane. And the composition has stable performance and high efficiency.
  • the herbicide composition of the present invention comprises the following active ingredients in an amount of 2 to 50 parts by weight, pyrimifensulfuron, 1 to 50 parts of oxafludizone, and 2 to 70 parts of isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate.
  • the herbicide composition includes the following active ingredients in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of pyrisulfuron-methyl, 5-10 parts of oxaflutole, and 40-60 parts of isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate.
  • the herbicide composition is formulated into a liquid preparation with a solvent and an auxiliary material
  • the auxiliary material is one of an emulsifier, a dispersant, a thickener, an antifoaming agent, an antifreeze agent, and a pH adjusting agent, or A mixture of two or more.
  • the solvent is methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, acetonitrile, toluene, xylene, acetone, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, epoxy soybean oil, methyl oleate, nordox De Rosin vegetable oil mixed with one or two kinds;
  • the emulsifiers are calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitan monolaurate, fatty acid polyoxyethylene phosphate, One or two or more of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, and polysorbate are mixed;
  • the dispersant is sodium methylene perylene naphthalene sulfonate, lignin sulfonate perylene naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, and naphthalenesulfonic acid.
  • the thickener is polyvinyl alcohol, xanthan gum, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, gum arabic, sodium polyacrylate, organic bentonite, and fumed silica. Or one or two or more of magnesium aluminum silicate;
  • the defoaming agent is one of polymerized glycerin, silicone, polyoxypropylene glyceryl ether, and phenylethanol oleate;
  • the pH adjusting agent is one of triethanolamine, citric acid, sodium acetate, sodium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.
  • the herbicide composition is mixed with an auxiliary material to prepare a solid preparation
  • the auxiliary material is one or a mixture of one or two of an inert filler, a wetting agent, a dispersant, and a disintegrant.
  • the preparation method of the herbicide composition and its solid preparation includes the following steps:
  • the inert filler is one or a mixture of two or more of diatomite, clay, talc, high viscosity starch, kaolin, clay, bentonite, attapulgite, white carbon black, and light calcium carbonate;
  • the wetting agent is sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol sulfate, sodium ligninsulfonate, sodium methylenebisnaphthalenesulfonate, and lauryl alcohol.
  • sodium ether sulfate, sodium fatty acid polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, calcium dodecyl sulfate, calcium lignin sulfonate, and polyether ammonium sulfonate sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, sodium fatty alcohol sulfate, sodium ligninsulfonate, sodium methylenebisnaphthalenesulfonate, and lauryl alcohol.
  • the dispersant is polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate, polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, sodium methylene bisnaphthalene sulfonate, lignin sulfonate, bisnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde Condensate sodium salt, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, or phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether One or more of them are mixed;
  • the disintegrant is anhydrous ammonium sulfate, anhydrous sodium sulfate or urea;
  • the binder is one of vegetable gum, animal gum, rosin and its modification, cellulose and its modification, paraffin and its modification, starch and its modification, sulfur, asphalt, and gypsum. Species or a mixture of two or more species.
  • the invention also provides the use of the herbicide composition for controlling annual grass weeds, sedge weeds and broad-leaved weeds in corn fields or sugar cane fields.
  • the herbicidal composition is used for controlling tang, yarrow, foxtail, ox-leaf grass, wild sedge, fragrant aconite, portulaca oleracea, cocklebur, dragon sunflower, trifoliate needle grass, red thistle, Use of anise, mandala, and weasel flower.
  • the present invention mixes three herbicides pyrisulfuron-methyl, saflufenazone, and clofluroxyacetic acid isooctyl with different action mechanisms and herbicidal spectrums in a certain proportion to increase the target sites and expand the herbicidal spectrum.
  • the final composition can well control the genus Crassula, Polygonum, Corydalis, Goosegrass, Wild Grass, Cyperaceae, Polygonum, Polygonum, Xanthium, Solanum, Purslane, Anise , Datura, red thistle, ferret flower, etc., especially canard grass, horse tang, beetroot that can effectively prevent mesotrione, and sulfsulfuron-methyl that has poor control Raspberry, victorian thistle, etc.
  • the herbicide composition is safe for sugar cane and corn, and is applied to weeding in corn fields and sugar cane fields.
  • the herbicide composition has the characteristics of good herbicidal effect, high efficiency, convenient use, low toxicity to humans and animals, and environmental friendliness.
  • the present invention has the following significant effects:
  • Example 1 53% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl clofloxylate wettable powder.
  • Example 2 75% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate water-dispersible granules.
  • Example 3 40% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and clofluroxylate isooctyl oil suspension.
  • Example 4 58% Pyridoxan-sulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate suspension.
  • Example 5 55% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and clofluroxylate isooctyl emulsifiable concentrate.
  • Example 6 34% pyrimifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate microemulsion.
  • Example 7 Wettable powder of 80% pyrimifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate.
  • Example 8 85% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate water-dispersible granules.
  • Example 9 50% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate oil suspension.
  • Example 10 48% Pyridoxan-sulfuron, oxaflutole, isofoctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate suspension.
  • Example 11 45% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate emulsifiable concentrate.
  • Example 12 38% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate microemulsion.
  • Example 13 Wettable powder of 70% pyrimifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate.
  • Example 14 60% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate water-dispersible granules.
  • Example 15 30% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, clofluroxylate isooctyl oil suspension.
  • Example 16 39% Sulfuron-sulfuron, oxaflutole, isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate suspension.
  • Example 17 36% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and clofluroxylate isooctyl emulsifiable concentrate.
  • Example 18 35% Pyrifensulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate microemulsion.
  • Example 19 The indoor virulence determination of pyrisulfuron-methyl, oxafludizone, and pyridine herbicides in the pair.
  • the indoor bioassay test was used to determine the synergistic effect of the combination of pyrisulfuron, oxaflutole, and pyridine herbicides.
  • pyridine herbicides are 1chlorofluoropyroxyacetic acid isooctyl; 2pyridine Diflufenican; 3 Picolinafen; 4 Apiclopramic acid (Picloram); 5 Clopyralid; 6 Triclopyr; Dithiopyr ). Red thistle (Ageratum conyzoides L.) was used as a biological test object, and the herbicide-free soil, pH 6.8 was used.
  • the soil was air-dried and sieved, and then packed into a plastic pot (with a tray) having a diameter of 32 cm and a depth of 20 cm.
  • the stem and leaf spray method is used, with reference to NY / T 1155.4-2006 pesticide indoor bioassay test guidelines for herbicides.
  • Part 4 Activity determination test. The stem and leaf spray method is used for experiments. Each treatment is repeated 4 times. Each repeat is 15 plants. The drug treatment was a blank control.
  • the statistical analysis method refers to NY / T 1155.7-2006 Guidelines for indoor bioassay of pesticides. Herbicides.
  • Part 7 Colby method in combined action determination of compounding. The theoretical survival rate E 0 value and actual survival rate of each compounding combination are calculated. E value and the difference between the theoretical value and the actual value (E 0 -E).
  • A-Sulfasulfuron-methyl inhibited fresh weight of target weeds at a single dose
  • B-Fenflubenzone inhibits fresh weight of target weeds when used at a single dose
  • n the number of varieties of mixed herbicides
  • E 0 Theoretical value of fresh weight inhibition rate of target weeds when sulfenilsulfuron, oxaflutole, and pyridine herbicides are mixed
  • E is the measured value of the control of the fresh weight of the target weed when sulfasulfuron-methyl, oxaflutole and pyridine are mixed.
  • E 0 -E value> 10% is synergistic effect; E 0 -E value ⁇ -10% is antagonistic effect; E 0 -E value is -10% ⁇ 10
  • the percentages are additive.
  • Example 19 Based on Example 19, through indoor bioassay, the synergistic effect of pyrisulfuron-methyl, isooctyl clofluroxyacetate, and triketone herbicides was clarified. Among them, the types of triketone herbicides are 1 Metridione; 2 Mesotrione; 3 Sulcotrione; 4 Bicyclo mesotrione. Similarly, thistle was used as the biological test object. The test method and evaluation of synergistic effect were the same as those in Example 19. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 21 Determination of indoor toxicity of oxaflutole, isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate and sulfonylurea herbicides
  • Example 22 Laboratory virulence test of sulfenilsulfuron, oxaflutole, isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate and their complexes in weeds
  • the Colby method was used to evaluate the combination of herbicides.
  • the data in Table 4 shows that the ternary combination of pyrisulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl clofluoxylate has a significant synergistic effect on Matang, with E 0 -E values greater than 15%. .
  • the Colby method was used to evaluate the combination of herbicides.
  • the data in Table 6 shows that the ternary combination of pyrisulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl clofluoxylate has a significant synergistic effect on Aconite, with E 0 -E values greater than 16%.
  • Embodiment 23 The application of the invention embodiment in the sugarcane field.
  • the test agent was the product prepared in Examples 1 to 18.
  • the control agent was 30% oxafluzonone suspension, 50% pyrisulfuron and water dispersible granules, 200 g / L isofocyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate emulsifiable concentrate, All are commercially available products; the test agent is used at a concentration of 150a.ig / hm 2 , and the 30% acetazolone suspension is used at a concentration of 28a.ig / hm 2 (according to the recommended dosage of the product), 50% pirfensulfuron
  • the use concentration of water-dispersible granules is 60a.ig / hm 2 (according to the recommended dose of the product), and the use concentration of 200g / L isofoclopyronate is 200a.ig / hm
  • control effect (%) (CK weeds-number of used weeds) / CK weeds ⁇ 100%.
  • the field efficacy test results show that each of the treatments of pyrisulfuron, oxaflutole, and isooctyl chlorofluoropyroxyacetate to the weeds has a field control effect (fresh weight control effect) of more than 80%.
  • the treatment efficacy and herbicidal spectrum of each of the preparations from 1 to 18 were better than those of the control agent, 30% oxafludizone suspension, 50% pirfensulfuron-water dispersible granules, and 200 g / L isoxanil Ester cream; the effect is the most obvious in Example 2, the total grass plant control effect is 96.8%.
  • Each example herbicidal composition is safe for sugar cane.
  • Example 24 Analysis of the economic benefits of the application of Example 2 of the present invention in corn fields.
  • Control effect (%) (CK weed weight-weight of residual weed in drug application area) / CK weed weight ⁇ 100%.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种除草剂组合物,包括以下重量份的活性成分:嘧苯胺磺隆2~50份、苯唑草酮1~50份、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯2~70份。本发明的除草剂组合物可以配制成可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、乳油、微乳剂、悬浮剂或可分散油悬浮剂,用于防除玉米田和甘蔗地的一年生禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草和阔叶杂草。本发明的除草剂组合物对玉米和甘蔗安全,可以降低单位面积除草剂使用剂量,提高除草效果降低用药成本。

Description

一种除草剂组合物及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域,具体涉及一种除草剂组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
农业杂草的防治一直是农业生产中最为关心和重要的问题。作物的整个生长季几乎都会受到各种杂草的危害。玉米田和甘蔗地的主要杂草有铁线草、稗草、牛筋草、老龄马唐、香附子、小飞蓬、马齿苋、龙葵、三叶鬼针草、猪殃殃、苍耳、大狗尾草等。目前登记用于玉米田的除草剂主要有硝磺草酮、烟嘧磺隆、砜嘧磺隆、乙草胺、2甲4氯钠、莠去津、西玛津、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯等的一个或几个有效成分配制而成。用于甘蔗田的除草剂主要由2甲4氯、莠灭净、敌草隆、环嗪酮、莠去津、溴苯腈等一个或几个有效成分配制而成。长期使用单一或相同的除草剂,玉米田和甘蔗地的部分杂草对上述单一药剂抗性逐渐增强,铁线草、老龄马唐、牛筋草、龙葵、胜红蓟、香附子等杂草防治效果不理想。
嘧苯胺磺隆属于磺酰脲类除草剂,通过抑制杂草的乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALs),阻止植物支链氨基酸的合成,从而阻止杂草蛋白质的合成,使杂草细胞分裂停止,最后杂草枯死。嘧苯胺磺隆可经杂草叶、根吸收,可以防除稗草、莎草、阔叶杂草及浮萍青苔等。嘧苯胺磺隆英文通用名称orthosulfamuron,CA登记号:213464-77-8,化学名称:1-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-3-[2-(二甲基氨基甲酰基)苯氨基磺酰基]脲,分子式:C 16H 20N 6O 6S,分子量:424.43,其结构式为:
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000001
苯唑草酮属三酮类苗后茎叶处理除草剂,通过根和幼苗、叶吸收,在植物中向顶、向基传导到分生组织,抑制4-HPPD,使类胡萝卜素、叶绿素的生物合成受抑制和功能扰乱,导致发芽的敏感杂草在处里2-5天内漂白症状,14天内植株死亡。玉米耐BAS670 011是基于对除草剂靶标酶敏感性较低,吸收、传导缓慢,迅速代谢为无活性物而具选择性。高活性,用量极低,苗后使用适期宽、灵活、 杀草谱广,能有效防除玉米田一年生禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草,对莎草可杂草有一定的抑制作用。苯唑草酮英文通用名称topramezone,CA登记号:210631-68-8,化学名称:[3-(4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基)-4-甲基磺酰基-2-甲基苯基](5-羟基-1-甲基吡唑-4-基)甲酮,分子式:C 16H 17N 3O 5S,分子量:363.43,其结构式为:
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000002
氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯属内吸传导型苗后茎叶处理除草剂,施药后很快被杂草吸收,使敏感植物出现典型激素类除草剂的反应并传导到全株各部位,使植株畸形、扭曲,最后死亡。适用于小麦、大麦、玉米、葡萄、果园、牧场、林地、草坪等地防除阔叶杂草;如猪殃殃、卷茎蓼、马齿苋、龙葵、田旋花、蓼、苋等,对禾本科杂草无效。氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯英文通用名称fluroxypyr-meptyl,CA登记号:81406-37-3[1],化学名称:4-氨基-3,5-二氯-6-氟-2-吡啶氧乙酸异辛酯,分子式:C 15H 21Cl 2FN 2O 3,分子量:367.24,其结构式为:
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000003
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种除草剂组合物,该除草剂组合物可以有效防除一年生禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草和阔叶杂草,对玉米、甘蔗生长安全。且该组合物性能稳定,高效。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:
本发明的除草剂组合物,包括以下重量份的活性成分:嘧苯胺磺隆2~50份、苯唑草酮1~50份、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯2~70份。
进一步,所述的除草剂组合物,包括以下重量份的活性成分:嘧苯胺磺隆15~25份、苯唑草酮5~10份、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯40~60份。
进一步,所述的除草剂组合物,与溶剂和辅料配合制成液体制剂,所述的辅 料为乳化剂、分散剂、增稠剂、消泡剂、防冻剂、pH调节剂中的一种或两种以上的混合。
进一步,所述的溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、乙腈、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、环氧大豆油、油酸甲酯、诺德松香植物油中的一种或两种以上混合;
所述的乳化剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钙、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇单月桂酸脂、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯磷酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、聚山梨酯中的一种或两种以上混合;
所述的分散剂为亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、木质素磺酸盐双萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐中的一种或两种以上的混合;
所述的增稠剂为聚乙烯醇、黄原胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羧乙基纤维素、阿拉伯胶、聚丙烯酸钠、有机膨润土、气相二氧化硅或硅酸镁铝中的一种或两种以上的混合;
所述的消泡剂为聚合甘油、有机硅、聚氧丙烯甘油醚、苯乙醇油酸酯中的一种;
所述的pH调节剂为三乙醇胺、柠檬酸、醋酸钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙中的一种。
进一步,所述的除草剂组合物,与辅料配合制成固体制剂,所述的辅料为惰性填料、润湿剂、分散剂、崩解剂中的一种或两种的混合。
进一步,所述除草剂组合物,其固体制剂的制备方法包括以下的步骤:
将各原料和惰性填料混合,粉碎成细粉,加入润湿剂、分散剂、崩解剂,混合均匀制成粉剂;
或者在粉剂的基础上,加入适量的粘结剂进一步制备成颗粒剂。
进一步,所述的惰性填料为硅藻土、陶土、滑石粉、高粘淀粉、高岭土、粘土、膨润土、凹凸棒土、白炭黑、轻质碳酸钙中的一种或两种以上的混合;
所述的润湿剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、丁基萘磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇硫酸钠、木质素磺酸钠、亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、月桂醇醚硫酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钙、木质素磺酸钙、聚醚磺酸铵中的一种或两种以上混合;
所述的分散剂为聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐、聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、木质素磺酸盐、双萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯或苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚中的一种或两种以上混合;
所述的崩解剂为无水硫酸铵、无水硫酸钠或尿素;
所述的粘结剂为植物胶、动物胶、松香及其改性物、纤维素及其改性物、石蜡及其改性物、淀粉及其改性物、硫磺、沥青、石膏中的一种或两种以上的混合。
本发明还提供所述的除草剂组合物用于玉米田或甘蔗地防除一年生禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草和阔叶杂草的用途。
进一步,所述的除草剂组合物用于防治马唐、稗草、狗尾草、牛筋草、野稷、香附子、马齿苋、苍耳、龙葵、三叶鬼针草、胜红蓟、茴麻、曼陀罗、鼬瓣花的用途。
近年来,由于长期使用单一除草剂,胜红蓟、小飞蓬、老龄马唐、牛筋草、香附子、铁线草等在甘蔗地、玉米田中的发生量逐渐增大,局部地区上升为主要杂草。本发明将三种不同作用机理和杀草谱的除草剂嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯按照一定的比例混配,增加作用靶标位点,扩大杀草谱,最终的组合物能够很好的防治马唐属、稗属、狗尾草属、牛筋草、野稷、莎草科、苋属、蓼属、苍耳属、龙葵、马齿苋、茴麻、曼陀罗、胜红蓟、鼬瓣花等,特别是能有效防除硝磺草酮防效不佳的狗尾草、马唐、牛劲草;砜嘧磺隆防效不佳的龙葵、乌敛莓、胜红蓟等。且该除草剂组合物对甘蔗、玉米安全,应用于玉米田和甘蔗地除草,具有除草效果好,高效、使用方便、对人畜毒性低、对环境友好的特点。
针对此,本发明有以下显著效果:
(1)嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯组合,除了对常规杂草高效外,尤其对玉米田、甘蔗地的恶性杂草如胜红蓟、小飞蓬、老龄马唐、牛筋草、香附子、铁线草等有突出效果。
(2)嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯组合,在一定配比范围内表现出明显的增效作用,防治效果比单剂有了明显提高,扩大杀草谱,可以减 少用药量,避免了盲目加大除草剂的用量而造成农本上升和除草剂的浪费,保护环境。
(3)嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯的作用机制各不相同,可以克服长期单一使用容易产生抗性的缺点,延长药剂的使用寿命,对杂草抗性的综合治理有着重要意义。
(4)嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯组合,对甘蔗、玉米安全,对人畜毒性低,与其他蔗田、玉米除草剂相比用量极少,其推广应用有着巨大的经济效益和社会效益。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加简洁明了,本发明用以下具体实施例进行说明,但本发明绝非仅限于这些例子。以下所述仅为本发明较好的实施例,仅用于描述本发明,不能理解为对本发明的范围限制。应当指出的是,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1:53%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯可湿性粉剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆8kg,苯唑草酮5kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯40kg,月桂醇醚硫酸钠2kg,木质素磺酸钙8kg,亚甲基双萘磺酸钠7kg,膨润土20kg,白炭黑10kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎后的物料再经锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,即得可湿性粉剂。
实施例2:75%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯水分散粒剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆15kg,苯唑草酮10kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯50kg,烷基苯磺酸钠6kg,可溶淀粉4kg,硫酸铵5kg,硅藻土10kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎 后的物料再经过锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,加入捏合机中捏合成可塑性物料,最后将此物料放入挤压造粒机中挤压造粒,造粒后经干燥、筛分后即制得水分散粒剂。
实施例3:40%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯油悬浮剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆25kg,苯唑草酮3kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯12kg,脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯磷酸酯8kg,聚氧乙烯醚磺酸钠10kg,苯乙醇油酸酯3kg,三乙醇胺2kg,有机膨润土5kg,油酸甲酯22kg,环氧大豆油10kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入到反应釜混合机中,搅拌2小时,再将物料注入砂磨机中研磨,研磨后的物料细度98%通过5um筛后出料,物料再放入高速剪切机中,剪切后即可制得油悬浮剂。
实施例4:58%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯悬浮剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆30kg,苯唑草酮8kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯20kg,苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚10kg,聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐5kg,黄原胶5kg,乙二醇10kg,水12kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入到反应釜混合机中,搅拌40min,混合均匀后经砂磨机砂磨2~3h,砂磨机压力≤0.2MPa,研磨时间物料流速为350~400kg/h,物料温度≤40℃,经检测合格即得悬浮剂。
实施例5:55%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯乳油。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆30kg,苯唑草酮5kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯20kg,聚山梨酯10kg,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐5kg,醋酸钠2kg,二甲苯10kg,丙酮10kg,二甲亚砜8kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入反应釜混合机中,搅拌90min,充分混合均匀至均匀的乳液,即得乳油。
实施例6:34%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯微乳剂。
嘧苯胺磺隆4kg,苯唑草酮20kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯10kg,十二烷基苯磺酸钙8kg,聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐10kg,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮6kg,有机硅5kg,甲苯5kg,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺20kg,水12kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料(除水外)一起加入反应釜混合机中,搅拌90min,充分混合,然后一边搅拌一边慢慢加入水,再搅拌30min,充分混合均匀后,即得微乳剂。
实施例7:80%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯可湿性粉剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆16kg,苯唑草酮12kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯52kg,十二烷基硫酸钙5kg,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐3kg,滑石粉3kg,高岭土6kg,白炭黑3kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合,混合速度为200~300转/分钟,混合时间为1~1.5小时,充分混合后经气流粉碎机粉碎,气流粉碎机压力为0.8~1MPa,出料速度为100~150公斤/小时,粉碎后的物料再经锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,即得可湿性粉剂。
实施例8:85%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯水分散粒剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆10kg,苯唑草酮20kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯55kg,聚醚磺酸铵5kg,聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐3kg,尿素2kg,淀粉5kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎后的物料再经过锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,加入捏合机中捏合成可塑性物料,最后将此物料放入挤压造粒机中挤压造粒,造粒后经干燥、筛分后即制得水分散粒剂。
实施例9:50%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯油悬浮剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆10kg,苯唑草酮10kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯30kg,失水山梨醇单月桂酸脂10kg,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯15kg,甲基纤维素3kg,聚合甘油 2kg,诺德松香植物油20kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入到反应釜混合机中,搅拌2小时,再将物料注入砂磨机中研磨2~3h,砂磨机压力≤0.2MPa,研磨时间物料流速为350~400kg/h,物料温度≤40℃,研磨后的物料细度98%通过5um筛后出料,物料再放入高速剪切机中,剪切后即可制得油悬浮剂。
实施例10:48%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯悬浮剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆18kg,苯唑草酮15kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯15kg,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚10kg,亚甲基双萘磺酸钠5kg,阿拉伯胶5kg,聚乙烯醇2kg,乙二醇15kg,水15kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入到反应釜混合机中,搅拌40min,混合均匀后经砂磨机砂磨2~3h,砂磨机压力≤0.2MPa,研磨时间物料流速为350~400kg/h,物料温度≤40℃,经检测合格即得悬浮剂。
实施例11:45%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯乳油。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆5kg,苯唑草酮35kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯5kg,十二烷基苯磺酸钙8kg,木质素磺酸盐7kg,聚乙烯醇4kg,甲苯5kg,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺25kg,二甲亚砜6kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入反应釜混合机中,搅拌90min,充分混合均匀至均液相,即得乳油。
实施例12:38%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯微乳剂。
嘧苯胺磺隆6kg,苯唑草酮7kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯25kg,失水山梨醇单月桂酸脂10kg,聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐8kg,苯乙醇油酸酯5kg,柠檬酸3kg,二甲苯15kg,丙酮10kg,水11kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料(除水外)一起加入反应釜混合机中,搅拌90min,充分混合, 再一边搅拌一边慢慢加入水,再搅拌30min,充分混合均匀后,即得微乳剂。
实施例13:70%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯可湿性粉剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆20kg,苯唑草酮10kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯40kg,丁基萘磺酸钠8kg,苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚7kg,凹凸棒土10kg,轻质碳酸钙5kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合,混合速度为200~300转/分钟,混合时间为1~1.5小时,充分混合后经气流粉碎机粉碎,气流粉碎机压力为0.8~1MPa,出料速度为100~150公斤/小时,粉碎后的物料再经锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,即得可湿性粉剂。
实施例14:60%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯水分散粒剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆40kg,苯唑草酮1kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯19kg,亚甲基双萘磺酸钠9kg,木质素磺酸钙6kg,无水硫酸铵5kg,植物胶8kg,陶土12kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入锥形混合机中混合均匀,后经气流粉碎机粉碎,粉碎后的物料再经过锥形混合机混合,混合后的物料细度98%通过600目标准筛,加入捏合机中捏合成可塑性物料,最后将此物料放入挤压造粒机中挤压造粒,造粒后经干燥、筛分后即制得水分散粒剂。
实施例15:30%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯油悬浮剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆2kg,苯唑草酮23kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯5kg,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠15kg,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯5kg,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐10kg,有机硅5kg,醋酸钠5kg,二甲苯8kg,环氧大豆油22kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入到反应釜混合机中,搅拌2小时,再将物料注入砂磨机中研磨2~3h,砂磨机压力≤0.2MPa,研磨时间物料流速为350~400kg/h,物料温度≤40℃,研磨后的物料细度98%通过2um筛后出料,物料再放入高速剪切机中,剪切后即可制得油悬浮剂。
实施例16:39%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯悬浮剂。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆12kg,苯唑草酮10kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯17kg,聚山梨酯8kg,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐8kg,硅酸镁铝4kg,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮2kg,甲醇15kg,乙腈10kg,水14kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入到反应釜混合机中,搅拌40min,混合均匀后经砂磨机砂磨2~3h,砂磨机压力≤0.2MPa,研磨时间物料流速为350~400kg/h,物料温度≤40℃,经检测合格即得悬浮剂。
实施例17:36%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯乳油。
本实施例的除草剂组合物原料用量为:
嘧苯胺磺隆6kg,苯唑草酮4kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯26kg,十二烷基苯磺酸钠15kg,双萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物12kg,羧乙基纤维素5kg,聚合甘油5kg,柠檬酸2kg,二甲亚砜10kg,二甲苯8kg,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺7kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料一起加入反应釜混合机中,搅拌90min,充分混合均匀至均液相,即得乳油。
实施例18:35%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯微乳剂。
嘧苯胺磺隆13kg,苯唑草酮4kg,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯18kg,十二烷基苯磺酸钠12kg,聚山梨酯5kg,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯7kg,气相二氧化硅5kg,丙酮13kg,二甲亚砜13kg,水10kg。
本实施例的除草剂组合物的制备方法为:
将上述物料(除水外)一起加入反应釜混合机中,搅拌90min,充分混合,再一边搅拌一边慢慢加入水,再搅拌30min,充分混合均匀后,即得微乳剂。
实施例19:嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和吡啶类除草剂复配对胜红蓟的室内毒力测定。
通过室内生物测定试验,明确嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和吡啶类除草剂复配后的增效情况,其中吡啶类除草剂的种类有①氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯;②吡氟酰草胺(Diflufenican);③氟吡酰草胺(Picolinafen);④氨氯吡啶酸(Picloram);⑤二氯吡 啶酸(Clopyralid);⑥绿草定(Triclopyr);⑦氟硫草定(Dithiopyr)。以胜红蓟(Ageratum conyzoides L.)作为生测对象,选用未施用过除草剂土壤,pH 6.8,将土壤风干过筛后,装入直径32cm,深20cm的塑料花盆(有托盘)中。采用茎叶喷雾法,参照NY/T 1155.4-2006农药室内生物测定试验准则除草剂第4部分:活性测定试验茎叶喷雾法进行实验,每处理4次重复,每重复15株植物,设不含药剂处理为空白对照。数据统计分析方法参照NY/T 1155.7-2006农药室内生物测定试验准则除草剂第7部分:混配的联合作用测定中的Colby法,计算出各混配组合理论存活率E 0值、实际存活率E值以及理论值与实际值之差(E 0-E)。
混剂的理论杂草存活率E 0按公式(1)计算:
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000004
式中:
A—嘧苯胺磺隆以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重抑制率
B—苯唑草酮以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重抑制率
C—吡啶类除草剂以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重抑制率
N—除草剂N的杂草的鲜重抑制率
n—为混配除草剂的品种数
E 0—嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、吡啶类除草剂三种药剂混用时对靶标杂草鲜重抑制率的理论值
E为嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、吡啶类三种药剂混用时对靶标杂草鲜重抑制率为对照的实测值。
除草剂混用后表现出的三种效果判断标准:E 0-E值>10%为增效作用;E 0-E值<-10%为拮抗作用;E 0-E值在-10%~10%之间为相加作用。
结果见表1。
表1嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和吡啶类除草剂复配对胜红蓟的室内毒力测定结果
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000006
从表1中可见,嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和吡啶类除草剂复配,混剂各配比对胜红蓟的共毒系数均﹥-10%,没有出现拮抗作用,说明嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和吡啶类除草剂复配是可行的。嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯复配时混剂各配比对胜红蓟的存活率差值(E 0-E)均明显高于其它组合,说明嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯复配的增效作用明显高于其它组合。
实施例20:嘧苯胺磺隆、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和三酮类除草剂复配对胜红蓟的室内毒力测定
在实施例19的基础上,通过室内生测,明确嘧苯胺磺隆、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和三酮类除草剂复配后的增效情况,其中三酮类除草剂的种类有①苯唑草酮;②硝磺草酮(mesotrione);③磺草酮(Sulcotrione);④双环磺草酮(benzobicylon)。同样以胜红蓟作为生测对象,试验方法以及增效作用评价同实施例19,结果见表2。
表2嘧苯胺磺隆、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和三酮类除草剂复配对胜红蓟的室内毒力测定结果
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000008
从表2中可见,嘧苯胺磺隆、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和三酮类除草剂复配,混剂各配比对胜红蓟的共毒系数均﹥-10%,没有出现拮抗作用,说明嘧苯胺磺隆、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和三酮类除草剂复配是可行的。嘧苯胺磺隆、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和苯唑草酮复配混剂各配比对胜红蓟的存活率差值(E 0-E)均明显高于其它组合,说明嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯复配的增效作用明显高于其它组合。
实施例21:苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和磺酰脲类除草剂复配对胜红蓟的室内毒力测定
在实施例19、20的基础上,通过室内生测,明确苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和磺酰脲类除草剂复配后的增效情况,其中磺酰脲类除草剂的种类有①嘧苯胺磺隆;②烟嘧磺隆(Nicosulfuron);③苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron methyl);④五氟磺草胺(Penoxsulam);⑤吡嘧磺隆(Pyrazosulfuron);⑥甲嘧磺隆(Sulfometuron-Methyl);⑦氯吡嘧磺隆(Halosulfuron methyl)。结果见表3。
表3苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和磺酰脲类除草剂复配对胜红蓟的室内毒力测定结果
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000010
从表3中可见,苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯和嘧苯胺磺隆复配时混剂各配比对胜红蓟存活率差值(E 0-E)均明显高于其它组合,说明嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯复配的增效作用最为明显。
实施例22:嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯及其复配对杂草的室内毒力测定试验
为明确嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮和氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯三元复配的增效情况和三者混配的最佳配比,我们以3叶期的马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis)、3叶期的鸭跖草(Commelina communis)、4叶期的香附子(Cyperu rotundus)作为生测对象,试验方法以及增效作用评价同实施例19。结果见表4、5、6。
表4嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯及其复配对马唐的室内毒力测定结果
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000011
根据Colby法评价除草剂联合方式,表4数据显示,嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯三元组合对马唐增效作用显著,E 0-E值均大于15%。
表5嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯及其复配对鸭跖草的室内毒力测定结果
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000012
根据Colby法评价除草剂联合方式,表5数据显示,嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯三元组合对鸭跖草增效作用显著,E 0-E值均大于15%。
表6嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯及其复配对香附子的室内毒力测定结果
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000014
根据Colby法评价除草剂联合方式,表6数据显示,嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯三元组合对香附子增效作用显著,E 0-E值均大于16%。
根据表4、5、6的结果,嘧苯胺磺隆在低剂量(15g a.i./ha),苯唑草酮在高剂量(10g a.i./ha)下,氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯高、低剂量(50、70g a.i./ha)混用表现明显的增效作用,E 0-E﹥20.47。最佳混配比例范围为15:10:50~15:10:70,即3:2:10~14。
实施例23:发明实施例在甘蔗地田间应用情况。
于2018年5月份我们在广西南宁兴宁区四塘镇甘蔗地进行了一次除草大田药效试验。试验药剂为实施例1~18所制得的产品,对照药剂为30%苯唑草酮悬浮剂,50%嘧苯胺磺隆水分散粒剂,200g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯乳油,均为市售产品;试验药剂的使用浓度为150a.i.g/hm 2,30%苯唑草酮悬浮剂的使用浓度为28a.i.g/hm 2(按产品推荐剂量),50%嘧苯胺磺隆水分散粒剂的使用浓度为60a.i.g/hm 2(按产品推荐剂量),200g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯乳油的使用浓度为200a.i.g/hm 2(按产品推荐剂量)。试验方法参照GB/T 17980.49-2000农药田间药效试验准则(一)除草剂防治甘蔗田杂草。其试验结果如下表7。
表7 18个发明实例对甘蔗地杂草的防治效果
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000016
注:4月13日喷药,5月28日调查杂株防效,防效(%)=(CK杂草数-用药杂草数)/CK杂草数×100%。
大田药效试验结果表明,嘧苯胺磺隆、苯唑草酮、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯除草组合物各处理对杂草的大田防治效果(鲜重防效)均超过80%,实施例1~18的复配制剂各处理药效和杀草谱均优于对照药剂30%苯唑草酮悬浮剂,50%嘧苯胺磺隆水分散粒剂和200g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯乳油;以实施例2效果最明显,总草株防效为96.8%。各实施例除草组合物均对甘蔗安全。
实施例24:本发明实施例2在玉米地中应用的经济效益分析。
2018年6月份我们在南宁市武鸣区双桥镇玉米地进行除草药效试验,选用实施例中除草效果最优的实施例2配方-75%嘧苯胺磺隆·苯唑草酮·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯WDG、目前市面上使用广泛的玉米除草剂-80%硝磺·莠去津WDG进行试验,试验方法参照GB/T 17980.42-2000农药田间药效试验准则(一)除草剂防治玉米地杂草进行。其试验结果如下表8。
表8本发明在混生小飞蓬、香附子、乌蔹莓的玉米田中的应用经济效益比较
Figure PCTCN2019090323-appb-000017
注:6月12日喷药,7月12日调查杂株防效,每亩喷药水45公斤。防效(%)=(CK杂草重量-用药区残存杂草重量)/CK杂草重量×100%。
从表8可以看出,本实施例对杂草的防除效果优于80%硝磺·莠去津水分散粒剂的效果,且使用除草剂的使用量更少、成本更低廉、杀草谱更广,对玉米地的恶性杂草小飞蓬、香附子、乌蔹莓具有非常优异的防除效果。另外,本实施例除草速度更快,经济效益明显。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种除草剂组合物,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的活性成分:嘧苯胺磺隆2~50份、苯唑草酮1~50份、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯2~70份。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的除草剂组合物,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的活性成分:嘧苯胺磺隆15~25份、苯唑草酮5~10份、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯40~60份。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的除草剂组合物,与溶剂和辅料配合制成液体制剂,其特征在于:
    所述的辅料为乳化剂、分散剂、增稠剂、消泡剂、防冻剂、pH调节剂中的一种或两种以上的混合。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的除草剂组合物,其特征在于:
    所述的溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、乙腈、甲苯、二甲苯、丙酮、N,N—二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、环氧大豆油、油酸甲酯、诺德松香植物油中的一种或两种以上混合;
    所述的乳化剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钙、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚、失水山梨醇单月桂酸脂、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯磷酸酯、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、聚山梨酯中的一种或两种以上混合;
    所述的分散剂为亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、木质素磺酸盐双萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐中的一种或两种以上的混合;
    所述的增稠剂为聚乙烯醇、黄原胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羧乙基纤维素、阿拉伯胶、聚丙烯酸钠、有机膨润土、气相二氧化硅或硅酸镁铝中的一种或两种以上的混合;
    所述的消泡剂为聚合甘油、有机硅、聚氧丙烯甘油醚、苯乙醇油酸酯中的一种;
    所述的pH调节剂为三乙醇胺、柠檬酸、醋酸钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙中的一种。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的除草剂组合物,与辅料配合制成固体制剂,其 特征在于:所述的辅料包括惰性填料、润湿剂、分散剂、崩解剂。
  6. 如权利要求5所述除草剂组合物,其特征在于,其固体制剂的制备方法包括以下的步骤:
    将各原料和惰性填料混合,粉碎成细粉,加入润湿剂、分散剂、崩解剂,混合均匀制成粉剂;
    或者在粉剂的基础上,加入适量的粘结剂进一步制备成颗粒剂。
  7. 如权利要求5所述除草剂组合物,其特征在于:
    所述的惰性填料为硅藻土、陶土、滑石粉、高粘淀粉、高岭土、粘土、膨润土、凹凸棒土、白炭黑、轻质碳酸钙中的一种或两种以上的混合;
    所述的润湿剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、丁基萘磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、脂肪醇硫酸钠、木质素磺酸钠、亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、月桂醇醚硫酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钙、木质素磺酸钙、聚醚磺酸铵中的一种或两种以上混合;
    所述的分散剂为聚氧乙烯醚羧酸盐、聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、木质素磺酸盐、双萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯或苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚中的一种或两种以上混合;
    所述的崩解剂为无水硫酸铵、无水硫酸钠或尿素;
    所述的粘结剂为植物胶、动物胶、松香及其改性物、纤维素及其改性物、石蜡及其改性物、淀粉及其改性物、硫磺、沥青、石膏中的一种或两种以上的混合。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任何一项所述的除草剂组合物用于玉米田或甘蔗地防除一年生禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草和阔叶杂草的用途。
  9. 如权利要求1-7任何一项所述的除草剂组合物用于防治马唐、稗草、狗尾草、牛筋草、野稷、香附子、马齿苋、苍耳、龙葵、三叶鬼针草、胜红蓟、茴麻、曼陀罗、鼬瓣花的用途。
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