WO2020038051A1 - Method for calculating amount of energy conservation of open controllable circulating ventilation for extra-long highway tunnel - Google Patents

Method for calculating amount of energy conservation of open controllable circulating ventilation for extra-long highway tunnel Download PDF

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WO2020038051A1
WO2020038051A1 PCT/CN2019/089913 CN2019089913W WO2020038051A1 WO 2020038051 A1 WO2020038051 A1 WO 2020038051A1 CN 2019089913 W CN2019089913 W CN 2019089913W WO 2020038051 A1 WO2020038051 A1 WO 2020038051A1
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tunnel
branch
air
ventilation
exhaust
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PCT/CN2019/089913
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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陈世强
陈永平
王海桥
郝小礼
李轶群
李石林
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湖南科技大学
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

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  • the energy-saving calculation method for the open controllable circulation ventilation of the extra-long highway tunnel is used for calculating the energy-saving amount of the open-controllable circulation ventilation system for the extra-long highway tunnel;
  • the circulation duct that bypasses the tunnel and is parallel to the tunnel.
  • the upstream tunnel is between the entrance of the tunnel and the draft section of the circulation duct.
  • the downstream tunnel is between the ejection section of the circulation duct and the tunnel exit.
  • the air induction section and ejection section at the end are connected to the tunnel, and there is a short tunnel between the upstream tunnel and the downstream tunnel; a dust collector is provided in the circulation duct; the air induction section of the circulation duct is also provided with the tunnel bypass tunnel.
  • Q 2 is the air flow volume of the branch “circulating air channel inducing section”, that is, the air flow volume in the circulating air channel inducing section, m 3 / s;
  • R 7 is the branch “ The coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel and the air-inducing section of the circulating air duct, N ⁇ S 2 / m 8 ;
  • Q 4 is the branch airflow volume of the “circulating air duct ejection section”, that is, the airflow flow volume of the circulating air duct ejection section, m 3 / s;
  • h t (fs) is the wind pressure of the blower fan, Pa; h t (s) is the lift pressure of the blower shaft, Pa; h t (j8) is the branch "the lower half of the blower shaft, downstream The total lifting pressure of the jet fan group in the "tunnel to tunnel exit", Pa; h t (t8) is the traffic ventilation of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch "lower part of the supply shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit", Pa; h t (m8) is the natural ventilation force in the branch "the lower half of the supply air shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit", Pa; R t (8) is the branch “the lower half of the supply air shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit" Coefficient of frictional wind resistance, N ⁇ S 2 / m 8 ;
  • fresh air flow H introduced into the environment outside the tunnel through the tunnel entrance 1 flows through the upstream tunnel 2 of the circulation air duct 5 to continuously mix and carry pollutants such as smoke, dust and CO, and become an upstream air flow.
  • pollutants such as smoke, dust and CO
  • a part of the upstream air flow A flows into the short tunnel 14 and continues to dilute the pollutants to become a parallel air flow G.
  • the present invention based on the above-mentioned open-loop controllable ventilation ventilation calculation method for an ultra-long highway tunnel includes the following steps:
  • Q t (3) is the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation
  • Q t (1) is the air flow in the exhaust shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode
  • Q t (6) is the air flow in the shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation. Air flow and air volume in m 3 / s, so that the total power consumed in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method is:
  • the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the corresponding roads of the two are approximately equal, and they are:
  • Equation (12) shows that when the exhaust air flow volume of the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method and the parallel air flow volume in the short tunnel are determined, and given the circulation ratio, purification efficiency and main branch of the open circulation ventilation system
  • the frictional wind resistance coefficient can be used to calculate the ventilation power consumption value saved by implementing the open controllable circulation ventilation system.

Abstract

A method for calculating the amount of energy conservation of open controllable circulating ventilation for an extra-long highway tunnel. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a calculation formula for the total power consumed by an open controllable circulating ventilation system; then, determining a calculation formula for the total power consumed by a conventional air supply and exhaust vertical shaft ventilation method; and through comparison with the conventional air supply and exhaust vertical shaft ventilation method, determining a calculation formula for the amount of energy conservation of the open controllable circulating ventilation system. Where the volume of exhaust airflow of the conventional air supply and exhaust vertical shaft ventilation method and the volume of parallel airflow in a short tunnel channel (14) are determined, and given the circulation ratio and purification efficiency of the open circulating ventilation system and the friction air resistance coefficient of a main branch thereof, a ventilation power consumption value saved by means of the implementation of the open controllable circulating ventilation system can be calculated, thereby quickly completing pre-evaluation of the implementation of the open circulating ventilation system.

Description

特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算方法Energy-saving calculation method for open controllable circulation ventilation of extra-long highway tunnel 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于隧道防灾减灾技术领域，具体涉及一种用于特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风系统的节能量计算方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel disaster prevention and mitigation, and particularly relates to a calculation method of energy saving amount for an open controllable circulation ventilation system of a long highway tunnel.
背景技术Background technique
公路隧道是半陷或者浅埋的狭长空间，治理隧道内行驶的汽车所产生的烟尘等污染物，一直是业界关注的重要问题。一般采用机械通风的方法，稀释烟尘和CO等污染物，污风排至隧道外环境，并且属于直流式系统方案。长距离或者特长距离公路隧道的通风系统，必须配合通风竖井，才能满足隧道内稀释污染物的用风需求。特长公路隧道通风具体涉及竖井开挖位置、通风机、射流风机群和风道等影响因素的优化，是行业内的前沿问题。Highway tunnels are semi-submerged or shallowly-buried narrow spaces. The treatment of pollutants such as smoke and dust generated by cars driving in tunnels has always been an important issue of concern in the industry. Generally, the method of mechanical ventilation is used to dilute pollutants such as soot and CO, and the polluted air is discharged to the environment outside the tunnel, and belongs to the DC system scheme. The ventilation system of long-distance or extra-long-distance highway tunnels must be matched with ventilation shafts to meet the wind demand for dilution of pollutants in the tunnel. The ventilation of extra-long highway tunnels specifically involves the optimization of influencing factors such as the location of the excavation of the shaft, the fan, the jet fan group, and the air duct, which are the leading issues in the industry.
目前，将外界新鲜空气引入隧道，稀释车辆排放的污染物，然后将污风排出洞外，这是能耗高的传统隧道通风。采用竖井分段送风，引入外界新鲜空气，稀释特长隧道内的污染物，并确保其浓度在安全值以内，最后，通过分段竖井排出污风；Kwa G S和夏永旭等实践了常用的竖井分段送排风隧道通风系统。对于隧道中行车形成的交通风，方磊和Wang等应用模型试验的方法，得出了送风口与隧道行车方向宜取6°，而排风口与隧道行车方向的夹角应不大于30°；继而，方磊等明确指出通风井送排式纵向通风系统一直存在土建费用及运行能耗大的问题。针对通风井工程造价高或者无设置条件的特长隧道，利用上下行线通风负荷不均匀特性，Berner等首次提出了双洞互补通风；利用模型实验和数值仿真，张光鹏验证和校核了设计参数，并把双洞互补式通风应用于锦屏隧 道中；通过实验实测，王亚琼等深入研究了双洞互补式通风下的隧道内流场，进一步论证了该通风方式的可行性，并且一般情况下双洞互补通风方式适用于4km～7km的公路隧道。但是，特长隧道通风成本高和竖井开挖位置受地质、城市规划制约等问题，依然突出，并且用于特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算方法尚未形成。At present, fresh air is introduced into the tunnel to dilute pollutants emitted by vehicles, and then exhaust the polluted air out of the tunnel. This is the traditional tunnel ventilation with high energy consumption. The shaft is used to supply air in sections, introduce fresh air from the outside, dilute the pollutants in the long tunnel, and ensure that the concentration is within a safe value. Finally, the sewage is discharged through the section shaft; Kwa, G, and Xia Yongxu practiced common shafts Ventilation system for segmented supply and exhaust tunnels. For the traffic wind formed by traffic in the tunnel, Fang Lei and Wang applied model test methods and concluded that the direction of the air outlet and the traffic direction of the tunnel should be 6 °, and the angle between the air outlet and the traffic direction of the tunnel should not be greater than 30 ° Then, Fang Lei et al. Pointed out clearly that the problems of large-scale construction cost and high energy consumption of operation have always existed in the ventilation shafts. For the long tunnel with high construction cost or no setting conditions, using the uneven ventilation load characteristics of the upper and lower lines, Berner et al. Proposed the double-hole complementary ventilation for the first time; using model experiments and numerical simulations, Zhang Guangpeng verified and checked the design parameters. The dual-hole complementary ventilation was applied to the Jinping Tunnel. Through experimental measurements, Wang Yaqiong and others thoroughly studied the flow field in the tunnel under the dual-hole complementary ventilation, further demonstrating the feasibility of the ventilation method, and in general, The tunnel complementary ventilation method is suitable for highway tunnels of 4km to 7km. However, the problems of high ventilation costs for the extra-long tunnel and the geological and urban planning constraints of the excavation of the shaft are still prominent, and the energy-saving calculation method for the controllable circulating ventilation of the extra-long highway tunnel has not yet been formed.
发明内容Summary of the Invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算方法，从而迅速快捷完成开式循环通风系统实施的预评估。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating the energy-saving amount of the open-type controllable circulating ventilation of a long highway tunnel, so as to quickly and quickly complete the pre-evaluation of the implementation of the open-circulation ventilation system.
本发明的目的是通过如下的技术方案来实现的：The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
该特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算方法，是用于特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风系统的节能量计算；所述特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风系统包括设置于隧道旁通隧洞且平行于隧道的循环风道，隧道入口至循环风道的引风段之间是上游隧道，循环风道的引射段至隧道出口之间是下游隧道，循环风道通过其两端的引风段和引射段与隧道连通，上游隧道与下游隧道之间是隧道短道；循环风道内设有除尘器；循环风道的引风段亦与隧道旁通隧洞中设有的排风竖井的进口连通，排风竖井中设有排风风机；循环风道的引射段亦与隧道旁通隧洞中设有的送风竖井的出口连通，送风竖井中设有送风风机；The energy-saving calculation method for the open controllable circulation ventilation of the extra-long highway tunnel is used for calculating the energy-saving amount of the open-controllable circulation ventilation system for the extra-long highway tunnel; The circulation duct that bypasses the tunnel and is parallel to the tunnel. The upstream tunnel is between the entrance of the tunnel and the draft section of the circulation duct. The downstream tunnel is between the ejection section of the circulation duct and the tunnel exit. The air induction section and ejection section at the end are connected to the tunnel, and there is a short tunnel between the upstream tunnel and the downstream tunnel; a dust collector is provided in the circulation duct; the air induction section of the circulation duct is also provided with the tunnel bypass tunnel. The inlet of the exhaust shaft is connected, and an exhaust fan is installed in the exhaust shaft. The ejection section of the circulation duct is also connected to the outlet of the air supply shaft in the bypass tunnel of the tunnel. The air supply shaft is provided with an air supply fan. ;
它包括如下步骤：It includes the following steps:
(一)确定开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率的计算式如下：(1) The calculation formula for determining the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system is as follows:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000001
式(1)中，P为开式可控循环通风系统的消耗总功率，W；Q 2为循环风道引风段流经风流风量，m 3/s；Q 3为隧道短道中并联风流风量，m 3/s；k为循环率，无量纲数；R 1为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”的摩 擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 2为分支“循环风道引风段”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 3为分支“隧道短道”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 4为分支“循环风道引射段”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 5为分支“循环风道”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 6为分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (1), P is the total power consumption of the open-type controllable circulating ventilation system, W; Q 2 is the air flow volume of the circulating air duct inducing section, m 3 / s; Q 3 is the parallel air flow volume in the short tunnel path. , M 3 / s; k is the circulation rate, the dimensionless number; R 1 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulation air duct from the air induction section to the exhaust shaft, the exhaust well head”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 2 Is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulating air duct air induction section”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 3 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “tunnel short track”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 4 is the branch “ The frictional wind resistance coefficient of the "circulation duct ejection section", N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 5 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch "circulation duct", N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 6 is the branch "supply air wellhead" 、 Friction wind resistance coefficient from the supply shaft to the ejection section of the circulating air duct, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(二)确定在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，所消耗总功率计算式如下：(2) Determine that in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, the total power consumed is calculated as follows:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000002
式(2)中，P Typical为常规送排风竖井通风方式中的消耗总功率，W；Q t(2)为排风竖井排放风流风量，m 3/s；Q t(3)为隧道短道流经风流风量，m 3/s；R t(1)为分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(2)为分支“排风竖井下半部分”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(3)为分支“隧道短道”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(4)为分支“送风竖井下半部分”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(6)为分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (2), P Typical is the total power consumption in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, W; Q t (2) is the exhaust air flow volume of the exhaust shaft, m 3 / s; Q t (3) is the short tunnel Air flow through the channel, m 3 / s; R t (1) is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “the upper part of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust well head”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (2) is the branch The coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the “lower half of the exhaust shaft”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (3) is the coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the branch “short tunnel”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (4 ) Is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “lower half of the supply shaft”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (6) is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “from the supply well head to the starting point of the lower half of the supply shaft”, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(三)相比常规送排风竖井通风方式，开式可控循环通风系统的节能量计算方法如下：(3) Compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation methods, the energy saving calculation method of the open controllable circulation ventilation system is as follows:
(1)在常规送排风竖井通风方式与开式可控循环通风系统中，为了保持风量平衡，采取排放风流风量等于送入风流风量，即：(1) In the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation mode and open controllable circulation ventilation system, in order to maintain the balance of air volume, the exhaust air volume is equal to the incoming air volume, that is:
Q t(2)＝Q t(4)   (3)； Q t (2) = Q t (4) (3);
式(3)中，Q t(4)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中送风竖井送入风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (3), Q t (4) is the air flow volume of the air supply shaft in the conventional air supply and exhaust shaft ventilation method, m 3 / s;
并且有：And have:
Q 2＝Q 4   (4)； Q 2 = Q 4 (4);
式(4)中，Q 4为开式可控循环通风系统中循环风道引射段流经风流风量， m 3/s； In formula (4), Q 4 is the amount of air flow through the ejection section of the circulating air duct in the open controllable circulation ventilation system, m 3 / s;
一般还有：In general:
Q t(3)＝Q 3   (5)； Q t (3) = Q 3 (5);
由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似性，应用物理学中质量守恒基本原理，得到：Due to the structural similarity between the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation methods, the basic principles of mass conservation in physics are applied to obtain:
Q t(r)＝Q t(2)+Q t(3)＝Q 2+Q 3＝Q r   (6)； Q t (r) = Q t (2) + Q t (3) = Q 2 + Q 3 = Q r (6);
式(6)中，Q t(r)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中隧道入口吸入的外界新鲜风流流量，m 3/s；Q r为开式可控循环通风系统中隧道入口吸入的外界新鲜风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (6), Q t (r) is the fresh air flow outside the tunnel inlet in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation method, m 3 / s; Q r is the outside air sucked in at the tunnel inlet in the open controllable circulation ventilation system Fresh air flow, m 3 / s;
由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似性，二者的对应之路的摩擦风阻系数近似相等，则有：Due to the similarity between the structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the corresponding roads of the two are approximately equal, and they are:
R i＝R t(i)   (7)； R i = R t (i) (7);
式(7)中，R i为开式可控循环通风系统中各分支i’(i范围为1至11的自然数)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(i)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中各分支t(i)(i范围为1至11的自然数)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (7), R i is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of each branch i '(i is a natural number in the range of 1 to 11) in the open controllable circulating ventilation system, and N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (i) is The frictional wind resistance coefficient of each branch t (i) (i is a natural number ranging from 1 to 11) in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(2)将公式(2)减去公式(1)，得到开式可控循环通风系统相比常规送排风竖井通风方式的能耗节省量，如式(8)所示：(2) Subtract formula (1) from formula (2) to obtain the energy saving of the open controllable circulation ventilation system compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, as shown in formula (8):
ΔP＝P Typical-P   (8)； ΔP = P Typical -P (8);
式(8)中，ΔP为开式可控循环通风系统相比常规送排风竖井通风方式的节能量，W；In formula (8), ΔP is the energy saving amount of the open controllable circulation ventilation system compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, W;
(3)在公式(8)中，为了实现流体力学中水力平衡，一般存在下式：(3) In formula (8), in order to achieve hydraulic equilibrium in fluid mechanics, the following formula generally exists:
R 1≈R 6＞＞R 2≈R 4＞＞R 3≈0   (9)； R 1 ≈R 6 ＞＞ R 2 ≈R 4 ＞＞ R 3 ≈0 (9);
(4)由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似 性，有如下变换关系式：(4) Due to the similarity between the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation structure, there are the following transformation relations:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000003
式(10)中，η为除尘器烟尘净化效率，无量纲数；In formula (10), η is the dust purification efficiency of the dust collector, and the dimensionless number;
(5)应用公式(7)和公式(9)，忽略公式(8)中的小量级项，并把公式(7)和公式(10)代入公式(8)，得到简化后的公式(8)，即为开式可控循环通风系统的节能量计算式如式(11)：(5) Apply formula (7) and formula (9), ignore the small-order terms in formula (8), and substitute formula (7) and formula (10) into formula (8) to get the simplified formula (8 ), Which is the calculation formula for the energy saving of the open controllable circulation ventilation system, as shown in equation (11):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000004
(6)设R 1+R 6＝R，再设R 5＝a·R(0<a<1)，并把这两个假设代入公式(11)，即得式(12)： (6) Let R 1 + R 6 = R, then set R 5 = a · R (0 <a <1), and substitute these two assumptions into formula (11), then get formula (12):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000005
式(12)中，R为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”与分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”的摩擦风阻系数之和，即为开式可控循环通风系统中排风竖井与送风竖井两个分支的摩擦风阻系数之和，N·S 2/m 8；a为循环风道摩擦风阻系数的当量系数，无量纲数； In formula (12), R is the sum of the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the branch "circulating air duct induction section to exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft head" and the branch "supply air inlet section, ventilation shaft to air duct injection section" It is the sum of the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the two branches of the exhaust shaft and the supply shaft in the open controllable circulation ventilation system, N · S 2 / m 8 ; a is the equivalent coefficient of the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the circulating air duct, and it has no dimension number ;
公式(12)表明，在确定了常规送排风竖井通风方式的排风风流风量和隧道短道中并联风流风量的情况下，以及给定开式循环通风系统的循环比、净化效率和主要分支上的摩擦风阻系数，就能计算出实施开式可控循环通风系统而节省的通风功率消耗值。Equation (12) shows that when the exhaust air flow volume of the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method and the parallel air flow volume in the short tunnel are determined, and given the circulation ratio, purification efficiency and main branch of the open circulation ventilation system The frictional wind resistance coefficient can be used to calculate the ventilation power consumption value saved by implementing the open controllable circulation ventilation system.
具体的，步骤(一)中公式(1)的确定方法如下：Specifically, the method for determining formula (1) in step (1) is as follows:
(Ⅰ)由分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”、分支“循环风道引风段”、分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”和分支“排风井 口至隧道入口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得出分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”上的排风风机风压计算式如式(13)：(Ⅰ) From the branch "Circulation duct air induction section to exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft head", branch "circulation duct air induction section", branch "tunnel entrance to upstream tunnel, circulation duct air induction section" and branch " A closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the exhaust wellhead and the tunnel entrance ", where the branch" Atmospheric environment between the exhaust wellhead and the tunnel entrance "is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. The wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics can be used The wind pressure calculation formula of the exhaust fan on the branch “Circulation duct channel to the exhaust shaft and exhaust wellhead” is obtained as follows (13):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000006
式(13)中，h fe为排风风机风压，Pa；h e为排风竖井升压力，Pa；h j7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h m7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”中的自然通风力，Pa；Q 2为分支“循环风道引风段”风流风量，即循环风道引风段流经风流风量，m 3/s；R 7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In the formula (13), h fe for the exhaust fan pressure, Pa; h e is a ventilation shaft liter pressure, Pa; h j7 branch "to the tunnel entrance upstream of the tunnel, the wind circulation duct section" in the jet fan Group total lifting pressure, Pa; h t7 is the traffic ventilation capacity of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch “tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel and the circulating air duct”, pa; h m7 is the branch “tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel and the circulating air The natural ventilation force in the “Air Induction Section”, Pa; Q 2 is the air flow volume of the branch “circulating air channel inducing section”, that is, the air flow volume in the circulating air channel inducing section, m 3 / s; R 7 is the branch “ The coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel and the air-inducing section of the circulating air duct, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(Ⅱ)由分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”、分支“循环风道引射段”、分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”和分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得出分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”上的送风风机风压计算式如式(14)：(II) From the branch "supply air well head, supply air shaft to circulating air duct ejection section", branch "circulating air duct ejecting section", branch "circulating duct ejecting section to downstream tunnel, tunnel exit" and branch " The closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead is a closed loop. The branch "Atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead" is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. The wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics can be used The calculation formula of the air pressure of the blower fan on the branch “supplying wellhead, supply air shaft to the ejection section of the circulating air duct” is as follows: (14):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000007
式(14)中，h fs为送风风机风压，Pa；h s为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h j8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h m8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”中的自然 通风力，Pa；R 8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (14), h fs is the wind pressure of the blower fan, Pa; h s is the lift pressure of the supply shaft, Pa; h j8 is the jet fan in the branch "circulating air duct ejection section to downstream tunnel, tunnel exit" Group total lifting pressure, Pa; h t8 is the traffic ventilation force of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch "circulating air duct ejection section to downstream tunnel, tunnel exit", Pa; h m8 is the branch "circulating air duct ejection section to downstream Natural ventilation in “tunnels and tunnel exits”, Pa; R 8 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulating air duct ejection section to downstream tunnels and tunnel exits”, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(Ⅲ)由分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”、分支“循环风道”、分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”和分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的压力平衡方程可得出分支“循环风道”上的除尘器所配置吸风风机风压计算式如式(15)：(Ⅲ) From the branch “Circulation duct air induction section to exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft head”, branch “circulation duct”, branch “supply wellhead, ventilation duct to circulation duct ejection section” and branch “send The closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the air wellhead and the exhaust air wellhead, where the branch "Atmospheric environment between the air supply wellhead and the exhaust airwellhead" is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. Using the pressure balance equation in hydrostatics, The calculation formula of the air pressure of the suction fan configured on the branch “circulating air duct” is as follows: (15):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000008
式(15)中，h f-deduster为循环风道中除尘器所配置吸风风机风压，Pa； In formula (15), h f-deduster is the air pressure of the suction fan configured in the dust collector in the circulating air duct, Pa;
(Ⅳ)由分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”、分支“隧道短道”、分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”、分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”、分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得式(16)：(IV) From the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the circulating air duct air induction section", the branch "tunnel short path", the branch "circulation duct guiding section to the downstream tunnel, tunnel exit", the branch "tunnel exit to the supply air Closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between wellheads ", the branch" Atmospheric environment between the supply wellhead and the exhaust wellhead "and the branch" The atmospheric environment between the exhaust wellhead and the tunnel entrance ", using the wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics Available formula (16):
h s+h e＝R 7Q r 2+R 3Q 3 2+R 8Q r 2-h j7-h t7+h m7-h j8-h t8+h m8  (16)； h s + h e = R 7 Q r 2 + R 3 Q 3 2 + R 8 Q r 2 -h j7 -h t7 + h m7 -h j8 -h t8 + h m8 (16);
式(16)中，h s为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h e为排风竖井升压力，Pa； In the formula (16), h s is the blowing shaft liter pressure, Pa; h e is a ventilation shaft liter pressure, Pa;
(Ⅴ)应用物理学中质量守恒基本原理，有：(Ⅴ) The basic principles of mass conservation in applied physics are:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000009
式(17)中，Q 4为分支“循环风道引射段”风流风量，即循环风道引射段流经风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (17), Q 4 is the branch airflow volume of the “circulating air duct ejection section”, that is, the airflow flow volume of the circulating air duct ejection section, m 3 / s;
并且有：And have:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000010
式(18)中，Q 1为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”风流风量，即排风竖井排风风量，m 3/s；Q 5为分支“循环风道”风流风量，即循环风道流经除尘器风流风量，m 3/s；Q 6为分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”风流风量，即送风竖井送风风量，m 3/s； In formula (18), Q 1 is the branch airflow volume from the “circulation air duct deflection section to the exhaust shaft, the exhaust wellhead”, that is, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust shaft, m 3 / s; Q 5 is the branch “circulation air duct "Air flow volume, that is, the air flow volume of the circulating air channel passing through the dust collector, m 3 / s; Q 6 is the branch air flow volume of the" supply air well head, the air supply shaft to the ejection section of the circulation air channel ", ie, the air supply air volume , M 3 / s;
(Ⅵ)根据流体力学与流体机械中功率等于静压力与体积流量的乘积，得到开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率为：(Ⅵ) According to the fluid power and fluid machinery, the power is equal to the product of static pressure and volume flow, and the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system is:
P＝h fe(1-k)Q 2+h fs(1-k)Q 2+h f-dedusterkQ 2   (19)； P = h fe (1-k) Q 2 + h fs (1-k) Q 2 + h f-deduster kQ 2 (19);
将公式(13)至公式(16)代入公式(19)，并代入公式(17)和公式(18)，合并同类项，得到开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率的计算式如式(1)：Substituting formulas (13) to (16) into formula (19), and into formula (17) and formula (18), combining similar terms to obtain the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system is calculated as ( 1):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000011
(Ⅶ)在公式(19)中，循环率的计算式如式(20)：(Ii) In formula (19), the calculation formula of the circulation rate is as shown in formula (20):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000012
具体的，步骤(二)中公式(2)的确定方法如下：Specifically, the method for determining formula (2) in step (2) is as follows:
(Ⅰ)由分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”、分支“排风竖井下半部分”、分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，摩擦风阻系数为0，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程得出分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”上的排风风机风压计算式如式(21)：(I) From the branch "the upper half of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust wellhead", the branch "the lower half of the exhaust shaft", the branch "the tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft" and the branch "the exhaust shaft to The closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the entrances of the tunnel ", where the branch" the atmospheric environment between the exhaust vent well and the entrance of the tunnel "is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere, the frictional wind resistance coefficient is 0, and the wind pressure balance in hydrostatics is used The equation shows that the wind pressure calculation formula of the exhaust fan on the branch "the upper half of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust well head" is as follows: (21):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000013
式(21)中，h t(fe)为排风风机风压，Pa；h t(e)为排风竖井升压力，Pa；h t(j7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t(t7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”中的单向交通隧 道交通通风力，Pa；h t(m7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”中的自然通风力，Pa；R t(7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (21), h t (fe) is the wind pressure of the exhaust fan, Pa; h t (e) is the pressure of the exhaust shaft, Pa; h t (j7) is the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, exhaust The total lifting pressure of the jet fan group in the lower half of the shaft, Pa; h t (t7) is the traffic ventilation of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft,"Pa; h t (m7) is the natural ventilation force in the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft", Pa; R t (7) is the branch "the tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft" Coefficient of frictional wind resistance, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(Ⅱ)由分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”、分支“送风竖井下半部分”、分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”和分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，摩擦风阻系数为0，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程得出分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”上的送风风机风压计算式如式(22)：(Ⅱ) From the branch "supply air well to the starting point of the lower half of the supply shaft", the branch "the lower half of the supply shaft", the branch "the lower half of the supply shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit" and the branch "tunnel exit The closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the air supply wellhead and the branch "the atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead" is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere and has a frictional wind resistance coefficient of 0. The pressure balance equation can be used to calculate the wind pressure of the blower fan at the branch “supplying well head to the starting point of the lower half of the supply shaft” as shown in formula (22):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000014
式(22)中，h t(fs)为送风风机风压，Pa；h t(s)为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h t(j8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t(t8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h t(m8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”中的自然通风力，Pa；R t(8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (22), h t (fs) is the wind pressure of the blower fan, Pa; h t (s) is the lift pressure of the blower shaft, Pa; h t (j8) is the branch "the lower half of the blower shaft, downstream The total lifting pressure of the jet fan group in the "tunnel to tunnel exit", Pa; h t (t8) is the traffic ventilation of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch "lower part of the supply shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit", Pa; h t (m8) is the natural ventilation force in the branch "the lower half of the supply air shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit", Pa; R t (8) is the branch "the lower half of the supply air shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit" Coefficient of frictional wind resistance, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(Ⅲ)由分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”、分支“隧道短道”、分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”、分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”、分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得式(23)：(Ⅲ) From the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft", the branch "tunnel short path", the branch "the lower half of the supply shaft, the downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit", and the branch "the tunnel exit to the supply air Closed loop consisting of the "atmospheric environment between wellheads", the branch "atmospheric environment between the supply air well head and the exhaust air wellhead" and the branch "atmospheric environment between the exhaust air well head and the tunnel entrance" The “atmospheric environment” is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. Using the wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics, we can obtain equation (23):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000015
式(23)中，h t(s)为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h t(e)为排风竖井升压力，Pa； In formula (23), h t (s) is the lifting shaft pressure of the supply air shaft, Pa; h t (e) is the lifting shaft pressure of the exhaust air shaft, Pa;
(Ⅳ)联合公式(21)、公式(22)和公式(23)，并根据质量守恒而存在的Q t(r)＝Q t(2)+Q t(3)、Q t(r)＝Q t(3)+Q t(4)和Q t(2)＝Q t(1)＝Q t(4)＝Q t(6)，其中，Q t(3)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中隧道短道流经风流风量，Q t(1)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中排风竖井排放风流风量，Q t(6)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中送风竖井送入风流风量，单位均为m 3/s，从而得到常规送排风竖井通风方式中所消耗总功率为： (IV) Q t (r) = Q t (2) + Q t (3) , Q t (r) = Q t (3) + Q t (4) and Q t (2) = Q t (1) = Q t (4) = Q t (6) , where Q t (3) is the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation In the method, the short flow of the tunnel flows through the air flow. Q t (1) is the air flow in the exhaust shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, and Q t (6) is the air flow in the shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation. Air flow and air volume in m 3 / s, so that the total power consumed in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method is:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000016
即得公式(2)：That gives formula (2):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000017
由于送风风流送入风量等于排风风流排放风量，公式(2)也能表达成式(25)：Since the incoming air volume of the supply air flow is equal to the exhaust air flow, the formula (2) can also be expressed as the formula (25):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000018
具体的，步骤(三)中公式(10)的确定方法如下：Specifically, the method for determining formula (10) in step (3) is as follows:
(Ⅰ)在开式可控循环通风系统中，假设循环风道引风段和循环风道引射段风量相等且为Q 2；循环风道的循环率为k，流经除尘器的未净化风流风量为kQ 2，则，送风风机送入新鲜风流风量为(1-k)Q 2，且，排风风机排放风流风量为(1-k)Q 2； (Ⅰ) In the open controllable circulating ventilation system, it is assumed that the air volume of the circulating air duct and the ejecting section of the circulating air duct are equal and Q 2 ; the circulation rate of the circulating air duct is k, and the unpurified air flowing through the dust collector is not purified. The air flow volume is kQ 2 , then the fresh air flow volume sent by the supply fan is (1-k) Q 2 , and the exhaust air flow volume of the exhaust fan is (1-k) Q 2 ;
(Ⅱ)在开式可控循环通风系统中，假设除尘器净化效率为η；并设循环风道引风段的空气烟尘浓度为δ，m -1；δ 0为通风设计的烟尘容许浓度，m -1；则除尘器有效风量系数为ω＝δ/δ 0；经过除尘器净化后的新鲜空气风量为kωηQ 2；根据前述，送风风机送入新鲜空气风量为(1-k)Q 2，排风风机排放的 新鲜空气风量为(1-ω)(1-k)Q 2； (Ⅱ) In the open controllable circulation ventilation system, it is assumed that the purification efficiency of the dust collector is η; and the air smoke concentration in the air induction section of the circulation duct is δ, m -1 ; δ 0 is the allowable smoke concentration in the ventilation design. m -1 ; the effective air volume coefficient of the dust collector is ω = δ / δ 0 ; the fresh air volume after the dust collector is purified is kωηQ 2 ; according to the foregoing, the fresh air volume sent by the air blower is (1-k) Q 2 , The volume of fresh air discharged by the exhaust fan is (1-ω) (1-k) Q 2 ;
(Ⅲ)综合前述，则开式可控循环通风系统中经过送风风机和排风风机提供的新鲜风流风量计算式为：(Ⅲ) Based on the above, the calculation formula of the fresh air flow volume provided by the supply fan and exhaust fan in the open controllable circulation ventilation system is:
kωηQ 2+(1-k)Q 2-Q 2(1-k)(1-ω)＝[ω-kω(1-η)]Q 2   (26)； kωηQ 2 + (1-k) Q 2 -Q 2 (1-k) (1-ω) = [ω-kω (1-η)] Q 2 (26);
式(26)中，ω为除尘器有效风量系数，无量纲数；δ为流入除尘器未净化循环风流的烟尘浓度即循环风道引风段的空气烟尘浓度，m -1；δ 0为通风设计的烟尘容许浓度，m -1； In the formula (26), ω is the filter coefficient of an effective amount of wind, the number of non-dimensional; [delta] is not flowing into the precipitator dust concentration in the circulating air flow purge air dust concentration, i.e. the wind circulation duct segment, m -1; δ 0 is ventilated Designed smoke and dust allowable concentration, m -1 ;
(Ⅳ)在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，送风送入风流风量和排风排放风流风量为Q t(2)，设排风竖井排放风流的空气烟尘浓度δ t，且没有超过通风设计容许值δ 0；因此，排风排放风流中有一部风量可以看作为新鲜空气，则排风有效风量系数ω t＝δ t/δ 0； (IV) In the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, the supply and exhaust air flow volume and exhaust air flow volume are Q t (2) , and the air smoke concentration δ t of the exhaust air flow from the exhaust shaft is not exceeded. Allowable value δ 0 ; Therefore, if a part of the exhaust air flow can be regarded as fresh air, the effective air volume coefficient ω t = δ t / δ 0 of the exhaust air;
(Ⅴ)在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，根据前述，通过排风竖井排放风流中的新鲜空气风量为(1-ω t)Q t(2)，由送风竖井送入风流风量中的新鲜空气量为Q t(4)，一般Q t(4)＝Q t(2)，则有效的新鲜风量即为两者之差，可表示为式(27)： (Ⅴ) In the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation method, according to the foregoing, the fresh air volume in the exhaust air flow through the exhaust shaft is (1-ω t ) Q t (2) , and the The amount of fresh air is Q t (4) , and generally Q t (4) = Q t (2) , then the effective fresh air volume is the difference between the two, which can be expressed as equation (27):
Q t(2)-Q t(2)(1-ω t)＝ω tQ t(2)   (27)； Q t (2) -Q t (2) (1-ω t ) = ω t Q t (2) (27);
式(27)中，ω t为常规送排风竖井通风方式中的排风有效风量系数，无量纲数；δ t为常规送排风竖井通风方式中排风竖井排放风流的空气烟尘浓度，m -1； In formula (27), ω t is the effective airflow coefficient of the exhaust air in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, and the dimensionless number; δ t is the concentration of air smoke and dust in the exhaust shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, m -1 ;
(Ⅵ)对于开式可控循环通风系统而言，要使送入隧道内的有效新鲜风流风量与常规送排风竖井通风方式的通风效果一样，则应该满足：公式(26)＝公式(27)，即：(Ⅵ) For the open controllable circulation ventilation system, if the effective fresh air flow volume entering the tunnel is the same as that of the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, it should satisfy: (26) = (27) ),which is:
[ω-kω(1-η)]Q 2＝ω tQ t(2)   (28)； [ω-kω (1-η)] Q 2 = ω t Q t (2) (28);
一般情况下，开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式的结构是 相似的，具体表现为ω＝ω t，则公式(28)简化为式(28)： In general, the structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system is similar to the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method. The specific expression is ω = ω t , then formula (28) is simplified to formula (28):
Q 2·[1-k(1-η)]＝Q t(2)   (29)； Q 2 · [1-k (1-η)] = Q t (2) (29);
将式(29)变形，即得式(10)：Transforming equation (29), we get equation (10):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000019
本发明与现有技术相比，其有益效果是：本发明能用于特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算，能避免隧道长度、断面尺度等有量纲数参数的繁琐计算，或者通风系统网络解算，或者庞杂费时的计算流体动力学数值仿真，从而迅速快捷预估出实施可控循环通风系统的节能潜力。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects that the present invention can be used to calculate the energy-saving amount of the open controllable circulating ventilation of a long highway tunnel, and can avoid the tedious calculation of dimensional number parameters such as the length of the tunnel and the section size. Either the ventilation system network solution, or the complicated and time-consuming computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation, so as to quickly and quickly predict the energy-saving potential of implementing a controlled circulation ventilation system.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明开式可控循环通风系统的原理结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the open controllable circulation ventilation system of the present invention.
图2是本发明开式可控循环通风系统的风流结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the air flow structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system of the present invention.
图3是本发明开式可控循环通风系统的分支摩擦风阻系数示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the branch frictional wind resistance coefficient of the open controllable circulation ventilation system of the present invention.
图4是常规送排风竖井通风方式的分支摩擦风阻系数示意图。4 is a schematic diagram of a branch frictional wind resistance coefficient of a conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method.
图5为循环率对开式可控循环通风系统节能量的影响曲线图。Fig. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the circulation rate on the energy saving of the open controllable circulation ventilation system.
图3、图4中，1’至11’为开式可控循环通风系统中的分支编号，R 1至R 11为对应于分支1’至11’上的摩擦风阻系数；t(1)至t(4)、t(6)至t(11)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中的分支编号，R t(1)至R t(4)、R t(6)至R t(11)为对应于分支t(1)至t(4)、分支t(6)至t(11)上的摩擦风阻系数。 In Figures 3 and 4, 1 'to 11' are the branch numbers in the open controllable circulation ventilation system, and R 1 to R 11 are the frictional wind resistance coefficients corresponding to the branches 1 'to 11'; t (1) to t (4), t (6) to t (11) are the branch numbers in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation methods, R t (1) to R t (4) , R t (6) to R t (11) Is the coefficient of frictional wind resistance on branches t (1) to t (4) and branches t (6) to t (11).
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述。The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
参见图1、图2，特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风系统包括设置于隧道旁通隧洞且平行于隧道的循环风道5，隧道入口1至循环风道5的引风段B之间是上游隧道2，循环风道5的引射段E至隧道出口9之间是下游隧道8，循环 风道5通过其两端的引风段B和引射段E与隧道连通，上游隧道2与下游隧道8之间是隧道短道14；循环风道5内设有除尘器，12是除尘器入口，11是除尘器出口；循环风道5的引风段B亦与隧道旁通隧洞中设有的排风竖井3的进口连通，排风竖井3中设有排风风机13；循环风道5的引射段E亦与隧道旁通隧洞中设有的送风竖井7的出口连通，送风竖井7中设有送风风机10。Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the open-type controllable circulation ventilation system of the extra-long highway tunnel includes a circulation air duct 5 provided in the bypass tunnel of the tunnel and parallel to the tunnel. Between the tunnel inlet 1 and the air induction section B of the circulation air duct 5 is The upstream tunnel 2 is the downstream tunnel 8 between the ejection section E of the circulation duct 5 and the tunnel exit 9. The circulation duct 5 communicates with the tunnel through the induction section B and the ejection section E at both ends thereof, and the upstream tunnel 2 is connected to the downstream. Between the tunnel 8 is a short tunnel 14; a dust collector is provided in the circulating air duct 5, 12 is an inlet of the dust collector, and 11 is an outlet of the dust collector; the air induction section B of the circulating air duct 5 is also provided in the bypass tunnel of the tunnel. The inlet of the exhaust shaft 3 is connected, and an exhaust fan 13 is provided in the exhaust shaft 3. The ejection section E of the circulating air duct 5 is also connected to the outlet of the ventilation shaft 7 provided in the bypass tunnel of the tunnel to supply air. A blower fan 10 is provided in the shaft 7.
本发明开式可控循环通风系统使用时，通过隧道入口1引入隧道外环境的新鲜风流H，流经循环风道5的上游隧道2，不断掺混和携带烟尘和CO等污染物，成为上游风流A。上游风流A中的一部分流入隧道短道14，继续稀释污染物，成为并联风流G。另一部分上游风流A经过循环风道5的引风段B，流入循环风道5与排风竖井3，流入循环风道5的一部分称为未净化循环风流C，流入排风竖井3的一部分称为排风竖井的污风I；在排风竖井3内排风竖井的污风I，在排风风机13的作用下，经过排风井口4，排至隧道外环境。未净化循环风流C在除尘器作用下，流入循环风道5，流过除尘器入口12，经过除尘器脱除了烟尘等颗粒类污染物，得到了净化处理，流出除尘器出口11，转化为净化后循环风流D。When the open controllable circulation ventilation system of the present invention is used, fresh air flow H introduced into the environment outside the tunnel through the tunnel entrance 1 flows through the upstream tunnel 2 of the circulation air duct 5 to continuously mix and carry pollutants such as smoke, dust and CO, and become an upstream air flow. A. A part of the upstream air flow A flows into the short tunnel 14 and continues to dilute the pollutants to become a parallel air flow G. The other part of the upstream air flow A passes through the air induction section B of the circulating air duct 5, flows into the circulating air duct 5 and the exhaust shaft 3, and a part flowing into the circulating air duct 5 is called an unpurified circulating air flow C, and a part flowing into the exhaust shaft 3 is called It is the polluted air I of the exhaust shaft; the polluted air I of the exhaust shaft in the exhaust shaft 3 is discharged to the environment outside the tunnel by the exhaust fan 13 under the action of the exhaust fan 13. Under the action of the dust collector, the unpurified circulating air flow C flows into the circulation air duct 5, flows through the dust collector inlet 12, and passes through the dust collector to remove particulate pollutants such as smoke and dust, which is purified, flows out of the dust collector outlet 11, and is converted into purification. After circulating air current D.
在送风井口6外的隧道外环境的新风H，在送风风机10作用下流入送风竖井7，称为送风竖井的新风J。在送风竖井7与循环风道5的共用风道内，送风竖井的新风J与净化后循环风流D混合，混合得到混合风。在循环风道引射段E、隧道短道14和循环风道的下游隧道8之间的共用段，流经循环风道引射段E的混合风与流经隧道短道14的并联风流G完成掺混，转变为下游风流F。在循环风道5的下游隧道8，下游风流F继续稀释污染物，并确保循环风道5的下游隧道8内的污染物浓度保持在规定的安全值以内，确保用风需要。The fresh air H in the environment outside the tunnel outside the air supply wellhead 6 flows into the air supply shaft 7 under the action of the air supply fan 10, and is referred to as the fresh air J of the air supply shaft. In the common air duct of the air supply shaft 7 and the circulation air duct 5, the fresh air J of the air supply shaft is mixed with the purified circulating air flow D, and mixed air is obtained. In the common section between the circulating duct ejection section E, the short tunnel 14 and the downstream tunnel 8 of the circulating duct, the mixed air flowing through the circulating duct introducing section E and the parallel air flow G flowing through the tunnel short channel 14 Blending is completed and transformed into downstream airflow F. In the downstream tunnel 8 of the circulating air duct 5, the downstream air flow F continues to dilute the pollutants and ensure that the concentration of the pollutants in the downstream tunnel 8 of the circulating air duct 5 is kept within a prescribed safe value to ensure the use of wind.
参见图3、图4，本发明基于上述特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能 量计算方法，包括如下步骤：Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the present invention based on the above-mentioned open-loop controllable ventilation ventilation calculation method for an ultra-long highway tunnel includes the following steps:
(一)确定开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率的计算方法。(1) Determine the calculation method of the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system.
(Ⅰ)由分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”1’、分支“循环风道引风段”2’、分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”7’和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”11’组成的闭合回路，其中分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”11’为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得出分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”1’上的排风风机风压计算式如式(13)：(I) From the branch "Circulation duct air induction section to the exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft head" 1 ', branch "circulation duct air induction section" 2', branch "tunnel entrance to upstream tunnel, circulation duct air induction section "7 'and the branch" the atmospheric environment between the exhaust wellhead and the tunnel entrance "11', where the branch" the atmospheric environment between the exhaust wellhead and the tunnel entrance "11 'is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere, using The wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics can be used to calculate the wind pressure of the exhaust fan on the branch “Circulation duct induced section to the exhaust shaft and exhaust wellhead” 1 'as shown in equation (13):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000020
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000020
式(13)中，h fe为排风风机风压，Pa；h e为排风竖井升压力，Pa；h j7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”7’中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”7’中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h m7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”7’中的自然通风力，Pa；Q 2为分支“循环风道引风段”风流风量，即循环风道引风段流经风流风量，m 3/s；Q r为开式可控循环通风系统中隧道入口吸入的外界新鲜风流风量，m 3/s；R 1为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”1’的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 2为分支“循环风道引风段”2’的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”7’的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；k为循环率，无量纲数； Formula (13), h fe for the exhaust fan pressure, Pa; h e is a ventilation shaft liter pressure, Pa; h j7 branch "to the tunnel entrance upstream of the tunnel, the wind circulation duct section" 7 "in Total lifting pressure of the jet fan group, Pa; h t7 is the traffic ventilation force of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch “tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel and the wind tunnel deflection section” 7 ′, pa; h m7 is the branch “tunnel entrance to upstream The natural ventilation force in the "7 '" section of the tunnel and circulation duct, Pa; Q 2 is the air flow volume of the branch "circulation duct induction section", that is, the amount of air flowing through the circulation duct induction section, m 3 / s ; Q r is the fresh air flow from the outside of the tunnel entrance in the open-loop controllable circulating ventilation system, m 3 / s; R 1 is the friction of the branch “circulating air duct from the draft section to the exhaust shaft and exhaust wellhead” 1 ' Wind resistance coefficient, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 2 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulating air duct wind section” 2 ′, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 7 is the branch “tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, circulation The coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the windward section "7 ', N · S 2 / m 8 ; k is the circulation rate, and it is dimensionless;
(Ⅱ)由分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”6’、分支“循环风道引射段”4’、分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”8’和分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”9’组成的闭合回路，其中分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”9’为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的 风压平衡方程可得出分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”6’上的送风风机风压计算式如式(14)：(Ⅱ) From the branch "supply air well head, supply air shaft to circulating air duct ejection section" 6 ', branch "circulating air duct ejection section" 4', branch "circulating air duct ejection section to downstream tunnel, tunnel exit "8 'and the branch" the atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead "9', where the branch" the atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead "9 'is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere, using The wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics can be used to calculate the wind pressure of the blower fan on the branch “supply wellhead, supply shaft to the ejection section of the circulating air duct” 6 'as shown in formula (14):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000021
式(14)中，h fs为送风风机风压，Pa；h s为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h j8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”8’中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”8’中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h m8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”8’中的自然通风力，Pa；R 6为分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”6’的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 4为分支“循环风道引射段”4’的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”8’的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (14), h fs is the wind pressure of the blower fan, Pa; h s is the lift pressure of the supply shaft, Pa; h j8 is the branch in the branch "circulating air duct ejection section to the downstream tunnel, tunnel exit" 8 ' Total lifting pressure of the jet fan group, Pa; h t8 is the traffic ventilation force of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch "circulating air duct ejection section to the downstream tunnel, tunnel exit" 8 ', Pa; h m8 is the branch "circulating air duct induction The natural ventilation force from the shooting section to the downstream tunnel and the tunnel exit "8 ', Pa; R 6 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch" supplying wellhead, supply air shaft to the circulating duct ejection section "6', N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 4 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulating duct ejection section” 4 ′, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 8 is the branch “circulating duct ejection section to downstream tunnel, tunnel exit” 8 'Friction wind resistance coefficient, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(Ⅲ)由分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”1’、分支“循环风道”5’、分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”6’和分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”10’组成的闭合回路，其中分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”10’为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的压力平衡方程可得出分支“循环风道”5’上的除尘器所配置吸风风机风压计算式如式(15)：(Ⅲ) From the branch "Circulation air duct air induction section to the exhaust shaft, exhaust air well head" 1 ', branch "circulation air duct" 5', branch "supply air well head, air supply shaft to circulating air duct ejection section" 6 'and the branch "The atmospheric environment between the supply air well and the exhaust air well head" 10'. The branch "The atmospheric environment between the supply air well and the exhaust air well head" 10 'is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. Using the pressure balance equation in hydrostatics, the wind pressure calculation formula of the suction fan configured in the dust collector on the branch "circulating air duct" 5 'can be obtained as formula (15):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000022
式(15)中，h f-deduster为循环风道中除尘器所配置吸风风机风压，Pa；R 3为分支“隧道短道”3’的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 5为分支“循环风道”5’的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；Q 3为隧道短道中并联风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (15), h f-deduster is the wind pressure of the suction fan configured in the dust collector in the circulating air duct, Pa; R 3 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “tunnel short track” 3 ′, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 5 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulating air duct” 5 ′, N · S 2 / m 8 ; Q 3 is the parallel air flow volume in the short tunnel path, m 3 / s;
(Ⅳ)由分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”7’、分支“隧道短道”3’、分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”8’、分支“隧道出 口至送风井口之间大气环境”9’、分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”10’和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”11’组成的闭合回路，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得式(16)：(IV) From the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the wind tunnel induced section" 7 ', the branch "tunnel short path" 3', the branch "circulated tunnel induced section to the downstream tunnel, tunnel exit" 8 ', branch The closed environment consisting of "atmospheric environment between the exit of the tunnel and the air supply wellhead" 9 ', the branch "the atmospheric environment between the supply wellhead and the exhaust air wellhead" 10' and the branch "11. Circuit, using the wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics, we can get equation (16):
h s+h e＝R 7Q r 2+R 3Q 3 2+R 8Q r 2-h j7-h t7+h m7-h j8-h t8+h m8  (16)； h s + h e = R 7 Q r 2 + R 3 Q 3 2 + R 8 Q r 2 -h j7 -h t7 + h m7 -h j8 -h t8 + h m8 (16);
(Ⅴ)应用物理学中质量守恒基本原理，有：(Ⅴ) The basic principles of mass conservation in applied physics are:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000023
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000023
式(17)中，Q 4为分支“循环风道引射段”4’风流风量，即循环风道引射段流经风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (17), Q 4 is the branch airflow volume of the “circulation duct ejection section” 4 ′, that is, the flow velocity of the circulation duct ejection section, m 3 / s;
并且有：And have:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000024
式(18)中，Q 1为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”1’风流风量，即排风竖井排风风量，m 3/s；Q 5为分支“循环风道”5’风流风量，即循环风道流经除尘器风流风量，m 3/s；Q 6为分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”6’风流风量，即送风竖井送风风量，m 3/s； In formula (18), Q 1 is the branch “circulation air duct from the air induction section to the exhaust shaft, the exhaust well head” 1 'air flow, that is, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust shaft, m 3 / s; Q 5 is the branch “cycle “5” airflow air volume of the air duct, that is, the airflow air volume of the circulating air duct passing through the dust collector, m 3 / s; Q 6 is the branch “flow air well head, air supply shaft to the ejection section of the air circulation duct”, and 6 'air air volume, Supply air volume of supply shaft, m 3 / s;
(Ⅵ)根据流体力学与流体机械中功率等于静压力与体积流量的乘积，得到开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率为：(Ⅵ) According to the fluid power and fluid machinery, the power is equal to the product of static pressure and volume flow, and the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system is:
P＝h fe(1-k)Q 2+h fs(1-k)Q 2+h f-dedusterkQ 2   (19)； P = h fe (1-k) Q 2 + h fs (1-k) Q 2 + h f-deduster kQ 2 (19);
将公式(13)至公式(16)代入公式(19)，并代入公式(17)和公式(18)，合并同类项，得到开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率的计算式如式(1)：Substituting formulas (13) to (16) into formula (19), and into formula (17) and formula (18), combining similar terms to obtain the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system is calculated as ( 1):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000025
(Ⅶ)在公式(19)中，循环率的计算式如式(20)：(Ii) In formula (19), the calculation formula of the circulation rate is as shown in formula (20):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000026
(二)确定在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，所消耗总功率的计算方法。(2) Determine the calculation method of the total power consumed in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method.
(Ⅰ)由分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”t(1)、分支“排风竖井下半部分”t(2)、分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”t(7)和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”t(11)组成的闭合回路，其中分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”t(11)为伪分支，表示与大气相连，摩擦风阻系数为0，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程得出分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”t(1)上的排风风机风压计算式如式(21)：(I) From branch "the upper half of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust wellhead" t (1), branch "the lower half of the exhaust shaft" t (2), branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft "T (7) and the branch" atmospheric environment between exhaust air well head and tunnel entrance "t (11), where branch" atmospheric environment between air exhaust well head and tunnel entrance "t (11) is a pseudo branch, It is connected to the atmosphere, and the frictional wind resistance coefficient is 0. Using the wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics, the wind pressure calculation formula of the exhaust fan on the branch "exhaust shaft from the upper part of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust well head" t (1) is as follows Equation (21):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000027
式(21)中，h t(fe)为排风风机风压，Pa；h t(e)为排风竖井升压力，Pa；h t(j7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”t(7)中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t(t7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”t(7)中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h t(m7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”t(7)中的自然通风力，Pa；R t(1)为分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”t(1)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(2)为分支“排风竖井下半部分”t(2)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”t(7)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；Q t(2)为排风竖井排放风流风量，m 3/s；Q t(r)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中隧道入口吸入的外界新鲜风流流量，m 3/s； In formula (21), h t (fe) is the wind pressure of the exhaust fan, Pa; h t (e) is the pressure of the exhaust shaft, Pa; h t (j7) is the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, exhaust The total lifting pressure of the jet fan group in the lower half of the shaft "t (7), Pa; h t (t7) is the one-way traffic in the branch" tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft "t (7) Tunnel traffic ventilation, Pa; h t (m7) is the natural ventilation in the branch "Tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft" t (7), Pa; R t (1) is the branch "Exhaust The coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the upper half of the shaft to the exhaust well head "t (1), N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (2) is the coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the branch" lower half of the exhaust shaft "t (2), N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (7) is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft” t (7), N · S 2 / m 8 ; Q t (2 ) Is the airflow volume of the exhaust shaft, m 3 / s; Q t (r) is the fresh air flow outside the tunnel inlet in the conventional ventilation shaft ventilation mode, m 3 / s;
(Ⅱ)由分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”t(6)、分支“送风竖井下半部分”t(4)、分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”t(8)和分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”t(9)组成的闭合回路，其中分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”t(9)为伪分支，表示与大气相连，摩擦风阻系数为0，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程得出分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”t(6)上的送风风机风压计算式如式(22)：(Ⅱ) From the branch "supply air well head to the starting point of the lower half of the supply air shaft" t (6), the branch "lower air supply shaft" t (4), the branch "the lower half of the supply air shaft, downstream tunnel to A closed loop consisting of the tunnel exit "t (8) and the branch" atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead "t (9), where the branch" atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead "t (9) is false The branch indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere, and the frictional wind resistance coefficient is 0. The wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics is used to obtain the air supply fan wind at the branch "supply wellhead to the starting point of the lower half of the supply shaft" t (6). The pressure calculation formula is as follows: (22):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000028
式(22)中，h t(fs)为送风风机风压，Pa；h t(s)为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h t(j8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”t(8)中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t(t8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”t(8)中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h t(m8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”t(8)中的自然通风力，Pa；R t(8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”t(8)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(4)为分支“送风竖井下半部分”t(4)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(6)为分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”t(6)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；Q t(4)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中送风竖井送入风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (22), h t (fs) is the wind pressure of the blower fan, Pa; h t (s) is the lift pressure of the blower shaft, Pa; h t (j8) is the branch "the lower half of the blower shaft, downstream The total lifting pressure of the jet fan group in the tunnel-to-tunnel exit "t (8), Pa; h t (t8) is the one-way traffic in the branch" lower part of the supply shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit "t (8) Tunnel traffic ventilation, Pa; h t (m8) is the natural ventilation in the branch “supply air shaft lower half, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit” t (8), Pa; R t (8) is the branch “supply air The frictional wind resistance coefficient of the lower half of the shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit "t (8), N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (4) is the frictional wind resistance of the branch" lower half of the supply shaft "t (4) Coefficient, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (6) is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “supply well head to the starting point of the lower half of the supply shaft” t (6), N · S 2 / m 8 ; Q t (4) It is the air flow volume of the air supply shaft in the conventional air supply and exhaust shaft ventilation method, m 3 / s;
(Ⅲ)由分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”t(7)、分支“隧道短道”t(3)、分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”t(8)、分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”t(9)、分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”t(10)和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”t(11)组成的闭合回路，其中分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”t(10)为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得式(23)：(Ⅲ) From branch "tunnel entrance to upstream tunnel, lower half of exhaust shaft" t (7), branch "tunnel short track" t (3), branch "lower half of supply shaft, downstream tunnel to tunnel exit" t (8), branch "atmospheric environment between tunnel exit and supply air wellhead" t (9), branch "atmospheric environment between supply wellhead and exhaust air wellhead" t (10) and branch "exhaust wellhead to tunnel entrance Between the atmospheric environment "t (11), in which the branch" atmospheric environment between the supply air well and the exhaust air well "t (10) is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere and uses the wind pressure in hydrostatics The balance equation can be obtained from equation (23):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000029
式(23)中，R t(3)为分支“隧道短道”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (23), R t (3) is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “short tunnel”, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(Ⅳ)联合公式(21)、公式(22)和公式(23)，并根据质量守恒而存在的Q t(r)＝Q t(2)+Q t(3)、Q t(r)＝Q t(3)+Q t(4)和Q t(2)＝Q t(1)＝Q t(4)＝Q t(6)，其中，Q t(3)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中隧道短道流经风流风量，Q t(1)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中排风竖井排放风流风量，Q t(6)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中送风竖井送入风流风量，单位均为m 3/s，从而得到常规送排风竖井通风方式中所消耗 总功率为： (IV) Q t (r) = Q t (2) + Q t (3) , Q t (r) = Q t (3) + Q t (4) and Q t (2) = Q t (1) = Q t (4) = Q t (6) , where Q t (3) is the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation In the method, the short flow of the tunnel flows through the air flow. Q t (1) is the air flow in the exhaust shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, and Q t (6) is the air flow in the shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation. Air flow and air volume in m 3 / s, so that the total power consumed in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method is:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000030
即得公式(2)：That gives formula (2):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000031
式(2)中，Q t(3)为隧道短道流经风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (2), Q t (3) is the air flow volume of the short flow through the tunnel, m 3 / s;
由于送风风流送入风量等于排风风流排放风量，公式(2)也能表达成式(25)：Since the incoming air volume of the supply air flow is equal to the exhaust air flow, the formula (2) can also be expressed as the formula (25):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000032
(三)相比常规送排风竖井通风方式，确定开式可控循环通风系统的节能量的计算方法。(3) Compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation methods, determine the calculation method of the energy saving of the open controllable circulation ventilation system.
(Ⅰ)在常规送排风竖井通风方式与开式可控循环通风系统中，为了保持风量平衡，采取排放风流风量等于送入风流风量，即：(Ⅰ) In the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation and open controllable circulation ventilation systems, in order to maintain air balance, the exhaust air flow is equal to the incoming air flow, that is:
Q t(2)＝Q t(4)   (3)； Q t (2) = Q t (4) (3);
并且有：And have:
Q 2＝Q 4   (4)； Q 2 = Q 4 (4);
一般还有：In general:
Q t(3)＝Q 3   (5)； Q t (3) = Q 3 (5);
由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似性，应用物理学中质量守恒基本原理，得到：Due to the structural similarity between the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation methods, the basic principles of mass conservation in physics are applied to obtain:
Q t(r)＝Q t(2)+Q t(3)＝Q 2+Q 3＝Q r   (6)； Q t (r) = Q t (2) + Q t (3) = Q 2 + Q 3 = Q r (6);
由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似性，二者的对应之路的摩擦风阻系数近似相等，则有：Due to the similarity between the structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the corresponding roads of the two are approximately equal, and they are:
R i＝R t(i)   (7)； R i = R t (i) (7);
式(7)中，R i为开式可控循环通风系统中各分支i’(i范围为1至11的自然数)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(i)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中各分支t(i)(i范围为1至11的自然数)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (7), R i is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of each branch i '(i is a natural number in the range of 1 to 11) in the open controllable circulating ventilation system, and N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (i) is The frictional wind resistance coefficient of each branch t (i) (i is a natural number ranging from 1 to 11) in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
(Ⅱ)将公式(2)减去公式(1)，得到开式可控循环通风系统相比常规送排风竖井通风方式的能耗节省量，如式(8)所示：(II) Subtract formula (1) from formula (2) to obtain the energy saving of the open controllable circulation ventilation system compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, as shown in formula (8):
ΔP＝P Typical-P   (8)； ΔP = P Typical -P (8);
式(8)中，ΔP为开式可控循环通风系统相比常规送排风竖井通风方式的节能量，W；In formula (8), ΔP is the energy saving amount of the open controllable circulation ventilation system compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, W;
(Ⅲ)在公式(8)中，为了实现流体力学的力平衡，一般存在下式：(Ⅲ) In formula (8), in order to achieve the force balance of fluid mechanics, the following formula generally exists:
R 1≈R 6＞＞R 2≈R 4＞＞R 3≈0   (9)； R 1 ≈R 6 ＞＞ R 2 ≈R 4 ＞＞ R 3 ≈0 (9);
(Ⅳ)由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似性，有如下变换关系式：(IV) Due to the similarity between the structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, there are the following transformation relations:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000033
式(10)中，η为除尘器烟尘净化效率，无量纲数；In formula (10), η is the dust purification efficiency of the dust collector, and the dimensionless number;
公式(10)的确定方法如下：The formula (10) is determined as follows:
(1)在开式可控循环通风系统中，假设循环风道引风段和循环风道引射段风量相等且为Q 2；循环风道的循环率为k，流经除尘器的未净化风流风量为kQ 2，则，送风风机送入新鲜风流风量为(1-k)Q 2，且，排风风机排放风流风量为(1-k)Q 2； (1) In the open controllable circulation ventilation system, it is assumed that the air volume of the circulating air duct and the ejection section of the circulating air duct are equal and Q 2 ; the circulation rate of the circulating air duct is k, and the unpurified air flowing through the dust collector The air flow volume is kQ 2 , then the fresh air flow volume sent by the supply fan is (1-k) Q 2 , and the exhaust air flow volume of the exhaust fan is (1-k) Q 2 ;
(2)在开式可控循环通风系统中，假设除尘器净化效率为η；并设循环风道引风段的空气烟尘浓度为δ，m -1；δ 0为通风设计的烟尘容许浓度，m -1；则除尘器有效风量系数为ω＝δ/δ 0；经过除尘器净化后的新鲜空气风量为 kωηQ 2；根据前述，送风风机送入新鲜空气风量为(1-k)Q 2，排风风机排放的新鲜空气风量为(1-ω)(1-k)Q 2； (2) In the open controllable circulation ventilation system, it is assumed that the purification efficiency of the dust collector is η; and the air smoke concentration in the air induction section of the circulation duct is δ, m -1 ; δ 0 is the allowable smoke concentration in the ventilation design. m -1 ; the effective air volume coefficient of the dust collector is ω = δ / δ 0 ; the fresh air volume after the dust collector is purified is kωηQ 2 ; according to the foregoing, the fresh air volume sent by the air blower is (1-k) Q 2 , The volume of fresh air discharged by the exhaust fan is (1-ω) (1-k) Q 2 ;
(3)综合前述，则开式可控循环通风系统中经过送风风机和排风风机提供的新鲜风流风量计算式为：(3) Based on the foregoing, the calculation formula of the fresh air flow volume provided by the supply fan and exhaust fan in the open controllable circulation ventilation system is:
kωηQ 2+(1-k)Q 2-Q 2(1-k)(1-ω)＝[ω-kω(1-η)]Q 2   (26)； kωηQ 2 + (1-k) Q 2 -Q 2 (1-k) (1-ω) = [ω-kω (1-η)] Q 2 (26);
式(26)中，ω为除尘器有效风量系数，无量纲数；δ为流入除尘器未净化循环风流的烟尘浓度即循环风道引风段的空气烟尘浓度，m -1；δ 0为通风设计的烟尘容许浓度，m -1； In the formula (26), ω is the filter coefficient of an effective amount of wind, the number of non-dimensional; [delta] is not flowing into the precipitator dust concentration in the circulating air flow purge air dust concentration, i.e. the wind circulation duct segment, m -1; δ 0 is ventilated Designed smoke and dust allowable concentration, m -1 ;
(4)在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，送风送入风流风量和排风排放风流风量为Q t(2)，设排风竖井排放风流的空气烟尘浓度δ t，且没有超过通风设计容许值δ 0；因此，排风排放风流中有一部风量可以看作为新鲜空气，则排风有效风量系数ω t＝δ t/δ 0； (4) In the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, the supply air flow and the exhaust air flow volume are Q t (2) , and the air smoke concentration δ t of the exhaust air flow from the exhaust shaft is not exceeded. Allowable value δ 0 ; Therefore, if a part of the exhaust air flow can be regarded as fresh air, the effective air volume coefficient ω t = δ t / δ 0 of the exhaust air;
(5)在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，根据前述，通过排风竖井排放风流中的新鲜空气风量为(1-ω t)Q t(2)，由送风竖井送入风流风量中的新鲜空气量为Q t(4)，一般Q t(4)＝Q t(2)，则有效的新鲜风量即为两者之差，可表示为式(27)： (5) In the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, according to the foregoing description, the fresh air volume in the exhaust air flow through the exhaust shaft is (1-ω t ) Q t (2) . The amount of fresh air is Q t (4) , and generally Q t (4) = Q t (2) , then the effective fresh air volume is the difference between the two, which can be expressed as equation (27):
Q t(2)-Q t(2)(1-ω t)＝ω tQ t(2)   (27)； Q t (2) -Q t (2) (1-ω t ) = ω t Q t (2) (27);
式(27)中，ω t为常规送排风竖井通风方式中的排风有效风量系数，无量纲数；δ t为常规送排风竖井通风方式中排风竖井排放风流的空气烟尘浓度，m -1； In formula (27), ω t is the effective airflow coefficient of the exhaust air in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, and the dimensionless number; δ t is the concentration of air smoke and dust in the exhaust shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, m -1 ;
(6)对于开式可控循环通风系统而言，要使送入隧道内的有效新鲜风流风量与常规送排风竖井通风方式的通风效果一样，则应该满足：公式(26)＝公式(27)，即：(6) For the open controllable circulation ventilation system, if the effective fresh air flow volume entering the tunnel is the same as that of the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, it should satisfy: (26) = (27) ),which is:
[ω-kω(1-η)]Q 2＝ω tQ t(2)   (28)； [ω-kω (1-η)] Q 2 = ω t Q t (2) (28);
一般情况下，开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式的结构是相似的，具体表现为ω＝ω t，则公式(28)简化为式(28)： In general, the structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system is similar to the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method. The specific expression is ω = ω t , then formula (28) is simplified to formula (28):
Q 2·[1-k(1-η)]＝Q t(2)   (29)； Q 2 · [1-k (1-η)] = Q t (2) (29);
将式(29)变形，即得式(10)：Transforming equation (29), we get equation (10):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000034
(Ⅴ)应用公式(7)和公式(9)，忽略公式(8)中的小量级项，并把公式(7)和公式(10)代入公式(8)，得到简化后的公式(8)，即为开式可控循环通风系统的节能量计算式如式(11)：(Ⅴ) Applying formula (7) and formula (9), ignoring the small-order terms in formula (8), and substituting formula (7) and formula (10) into formula (8), the simplified formula (8) is obtained ), Which is the calculation formula for the energy saving of the open controllable circulation ventilation system, as shown in equation (11):
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000035
(Ⅵ)设R 1+R 6＝R，再设R 5＝a·R(0<a<1)，并把这两个假设代入公式(11)，即得式(12)： (VI) Set R 1 + R 6 = R, then set R 5 = a · R (0 <a <1), and substitute these two assumptions into formula (11), then formula (12) is obtained:
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-000036
式(12)中，R为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”1’与分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”6’的摩擦风阻系数之和，即为开式可控循环通风系统中排风竖井与送风竖井两个分支的摩擦风阻系数之和，N·S 2/m 8；a为循环风道摩擦风阻系数的当量系数，无量纲数。 In formula (12), R is the frictional wind resistance of the branch "circulating air duct air induction section to the exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft head" 1 'and the branch "supply air well head, air supply shaft to the circulation air duct injection section"6' The sum of the coefficients is the sum of the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the two branches of the exhaust shaft and the supply shaft in the open controllable circulating ventilation system, N · S 2 / m 8 ; a is the equivalent coefficient of the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the circulation duct , Dimensionless number.
公式(12)表明，在确定了常规送排风竖井通风方式的排风风流风量和隧道短道中并联风流风量的情况下，以及给定开式循环通风系统的循环比、净化效率和主要分支上的摩擦风阻系数，就能计算出实施开式可控循环通风系统而节省的通风功率消耗值。Equation (12) shows that when the exhaust air flow volume of the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method and the parallel air flow volume in the short tunnel are determined, and given the circulation ratio, purification efficiency and main branch of the open circulation ventilation system The frictional wind resistance coefficient can be used to calculate the ventilation power consumption value saved by implementing the open controllable circulation ventilation system.
下面是确定常规送排风竖井通风方式中排风风机排放风流风量、当量系数、除尘器净化效率和循环率对开式可控循环通风节能量的影响程度的实验实例，其具体操作如下：The following is an experimental example to determine the degree of influence of the exhaust fan exhaust air flow volume, equivalent coefficient, dust collector purification efficiency, and circulation rate on the energy saving of open controllable circulating ventilation in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method. The specific operation is as follows:
(a)设常规送排风竖井通风方式中排风风机排放风流风量为250m 3/s； (a) Set the exhaust air flow volume of the exhaust fan to 250m 3 / s in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation method;
(b)设常规送排风竖井通风方式中送风竖井与排风竖井的摩擦风阻系数为0.032N·S 2/m 8，并设隧道短道摩擦风阻系数的当量系数为0.2； (b) Set the frictional wind resistance coefficient between the supply shaft and the exhaust shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation method to be 0.032N · S 2 / m 8 , and set the equivalent coefficient of frictional wind resistance coefficient of the short tunnel to 0.2;
(c)设开式可控循环通风系统中循环率范围为0.0至1.0；(c) Set the circulation rate in the open controllable circulation ventilation system to be 0.0 to 1.0;
(d)设开式可控循环通风系统中除尘器净化效率分别为0.75、0.80、0.85、0.90和0.95；(d) The purification efficiency of the dust collector in the open controllable circulation ventilation system is 0.75, 0.80, 0.85, 0.90 and 0.95 respectively;
(e)把上述数值代入公式(12)计算，所得结果如图5所示。(e) Substituting the above value into formula (12) for calculation, and the result is shown in FIG. 5.
通过分析具体实施方案，做出如下归纳：(1)随着除尘器净化效率增大，可控循环通风系统的节能量减少；随着循环率的增大，节能量快速增加，出现节能量的极值点，翻越极值点后，随着循环率的增加，节能量缓慢下降。(2)本发明量化了循环率、除尘器净化效率对可控循环通风系统节能量的影响程度。By analyzing the specific implementation scheme, the following conclusions are made: (1) As the purification efficiency of the dust collector increases, the energy saving of the controllable circulation ventilation system decreases; as the cycle rate increases, the energy saving rapidly increases, and Extreme point, after crossing the extreme point, with the increase of the cycle rate, the amount of energy saving slowly decreases. (2) The present invention quantifies the degree of influence of the circulation rate and the purification efficiency of the dust collector on the energy saving of the controllable circulation ventilation system.

Claims (4)

  1. 一种特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算方法，是用于特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风系统的节能量计算；所述特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风系统包括设置于隧道旁通隧洞且平行于隧道的循环风道，隧道入口至循环风道的引风段之间是上游隧道，循环风道的引射段至隧道出口之间是下游隧道，循环风道通过其两端的引风段和引射段与隧道连通，上游隧道与下游隧道之间是隧道短道；循环风道内设有除尘器；循环风道的引风段亦与隧道旁通隧洞中设有的排风竖井的进口连通，排风竖井中设有排风风机；循环风道的引射段亦与隧道旁通隧洞中设有的送风竖井的出口连通，送风竖井中设有送风风机；An energy-saving calculation method for an open controllable circulation ventilation of an extra-long highway tunnel is used for calculating the energy-saving amount of an open-controllable circulation ventilation system for an extra-long highway tunnel. The open-controllable circulation ventilation system for an extra-long highway tunnel includes: The tunnel bypasses the tunnel and is parallel to the circulating air duct of the tunnel. The upstream tunnel is between the entrance of the tunnel and the draft section of the circulating air duct. The downstream tunnel is between the ejection section of the circulating duct and the tunnel exit. The circulating air duct passes through it. The air induction section and the ejection section at both ends communicate with the tunnel, and there is a short tunnel between the upstream tunnel and the downstream tunnel; a dust collector is provided in the circulating air duct; the induction section of the circulating air duct is also provided with the tunnel bypass tunnel The inlet of the exhaust shaft is connected, and an exhaust fan is installed in the exhaust shaft. The ejection section of the circulation duct is also connected to the outlet of the air supply shaft in the bypass tunnel of the tunnel, and the air supply shaft is provided with air supply. Fan
    其特征在于包括如下步骤：It is characterized by the following steps:
    (一)确定开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率的计算式如下：(1) The calculation formula for determining the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system is as follows:
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100001
    式(1)中，P为开式可控循环通风系统的消耗总功率，W；Q 2为循环风道引风段流经风流风量，m 3/s；Q 3为隧道短道中并联风流风量，m 3/s；k为循环率，无量纲数；R 1为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 2为分支“循环风道引风段”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 3为分支“隧道短道”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 4为分支“循环风道引射段”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 5为分支“循环风道”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R 6为分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (1), P is the total power consumption of the open-type controllable circulating ventilation system, W; Q 2 is the air flow volume of the circulating air duct inducing section, m 3 / s; Q 3 is the parallel air flow volume in the short tunnel path. , M 3 / s; k is the circulation rate, the dimensionless number; R 1 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulation air duct from the air induction section to the exhaust shaft, the exhaust well head”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 2 Is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulating air duct air induction section”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 3 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “tunnel short track”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 4 is the branch “ The frictional wind resistance coefficient of the "circulation duct ejection section", N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 5 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch "circulation duct", N · S 2 / m 8 ; R 6 is the branch "supply air wellhead" 、 Friction wind resistance coefficient from the supply shaft to the ejection section of the circulating air duct, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
    (二)确定在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，所消耗总功率计算式如下：(2) Determine that in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, the total power consumed is calculated as follows:
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100002
    式(2)中，P Typical为常规送排风竖井通风方式中的消耗总功率，W；Q t(2)为 排风竖井排放风流风量，m 3/s；Q t(3)为隧道短道流经风流风量，m 3/s；R t(1)为分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(2)为分支“排风竖井下半部分”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(3)为分支“隧道短道”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(4)为分支“送风竖井下半部分”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(6)为分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (2), P Typical is the total power consumption in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, W; Q t (2) is the exhaust air flow volume of the exhaust shaft, m 3 / s; Q t (3) is the short tunnel Air flow through the channel, m 3 / s; R t (1) is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “the upper part of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust well head”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (2) is the branch The coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the “lower half of the exhaust shaft”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (3) is the coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the branch “short tunnel”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (4 ) Is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “lower half of the supply shaft”, N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (6) is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “from the supply well head to the starting point of the lower half of the supply shaft”, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
    (三)相比常规送排风竖井通风方式，开式可控循环通风系统的节能量计算方法如下：(3) Compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation methods, the energy saving calculation method of the open controllable circulation ventilation system is as follows:
    (1)在常规送排风竖井通风方式与开式可控循环通风系统中，为了保持风量平衡，采取排放风流风量等于送入风流风量，即：(1) In the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation mode and open controllable circulation ventilation system, in order to maintain the balance of air volume, the exhaust air volume is equal to the incoming air volume, that is:
    Q t(2)＝Q t(4)  (3)； Q t (2) = Q t (4) (3);
    式(3)中，Q t(4)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中送风竖井送入风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (3), Q t (4) is the air flow volume of the air supply shaft in the conventional air supply and exhaust shaft ventilation method, m 3 / s;
    并且有：And have:
    Q 2＝Q 4  (4)； Q 2 = Q 4 (4);
    式(4)中，Q 4为开式可控循环通风系统中循环风道引射段流经风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (4), Q 4 is the airflow and airflow volume of the ejection section of the circulation duct in the open controllable circulation ventilation system, m 3 / s;
    一般还有：In general:
    Q t(3)＝Q 3  (5)； Q t (3) = Q 3 (5);
    由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似性，应用物理学中质量守恒基本原理，得到：Due to the structural similarity between the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation methods, the basic principles of mass conservation in physics are applied to obtain:
    Q t(r)＝Q t(2)+Q t(3)＝Q 2+Q 3＝Q r  (6)； Q t (r) = Q t (2) + Q t (3) = Q 2 + Q 3 = Q r (6);
    式(6)中，Q t(r)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中隧道入口吸入的外界新鲜 风流流量，m 3/s；Q r为开式可控循环通风系统中隧道入口吸入的外界新鲜风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (6), Q t (r) is the fresh air flow outside the tunnel inlet in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation method, m 3 / s; Q r is the outside air sucked in at the tunnel inlet in the open controllable circulation ventilation system Fresh air flow, m 3 / s;
    由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似性，二者的对应之路的摩擦风阻系数近似相等，则有：Due to the similarity between the structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the corresponding roads of the two are approximately equal, and they are:
    R i＝R t(i)  (7)； R i = R t (i) (7);
    式(7)中，R i为开式可控循环通风系统中各分支i’(i范围为1至11的自然数)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8；R t(i)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中各分支t(i)(i范围为1至11的自然数)的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (7), R i is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of each branch i '(i is a natural number in the range of 1 to 11) in the open controllable circulating ventilation system, and N · S 2 / m 8 ; R t (i) is The frictional wind resistance coefficient of each branch t (i) (i is a natural number ranging from 1 to 11) in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
    (2)将公式(2)减去公式(1)，得到开式可控循环通风系统相比常规送排风竖井通风方式的能耗节省量，如式(8)所示：(2) Subtract formula (1) from formula (2) to obtain the energy saving of the open controllable circulation ventilation system compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, as shown in formula (8):
    ΔP＝P Typical-P  (8)； ΔP = P Typical -P (8);
    式(8)中，ΔP为开式可控循环通风系统相比常规送排风竖井通风方式的节能量，W；In formula (8), ΔP is the energy saving amount of the open controllable circulation ventilation system compared with the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, W;
    (3)在公式(8)中，为了实现流体力学的力平衡，一般存在下式：(3) In formula (8), in order to achieve the force balance of fluid mechanics, the following formula generally exists:
    R 1≈R 6＞＞R 2≈R 4＞＞R 3≈0  (9)； R 1 ≈R 6 ＞＞ R 2 ≈R 4 ＞＞ R 3 ≈0 (9);
    (4)由于开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式结构的相似性，有如下变换关系式：(4) Due to the similarity between the structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system and the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, there are the following transformation relations:
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100003
    式(10)中，η为除尘器烟尘净化效率，无量纲数；In formula (10), η is the dust purification efficiency of the dust collector, and the dimensionless number;
    (5)应用公式(7)和公式(9)，忽略公式(8)中的小量级项，并把公式(7)和公式(10)代入公式(8)，得到简化后的公式(8)，即为开式可控循环通风系统的节能量计算式如式(11)：(5) Apply formula (7) and formula (9), ignore the small-order terms in formula (8), and substitute formula (7) and formula (10) into formula (8) to get the simplified formula (8 ), Which is the calculation formula for the energy saving of the open controllable circulation ventilation system, as shown in equation (11):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100004
    (6)设R 1+R 6＝R，再设R 5＝a·R(0<a<1)，并把这两个假设代入公式(11)，即得式(12)： (6) Let R 1 + R 6 = R, then set R 5 = a · R (0 <a <1), and substitute these two assumptions into formula (11), then get formula (12):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100005
    式(12)中，R为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”与分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”的摩擦风阻系数之和，即为开式可控循环通风系统中排风竖井与送风竖井两个分支的摩擦风阻系数之和，N·S 2/m 8；a为循环风道摩擦风阻系数的当量系数，无量纲数； In formula (12), R is the sum of the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the branch "circulating air duct induction section to exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft head" and the branch "supply air inlet section, ventilation shaft to air duct injection section" It is the sum of the frictional wind resistance coefficients of the two branches of the exhaust shaft and the supply shaft in the open controllable circulation ventilation system, N · S 2 / m 8 ; a is the equivalent coefficient of the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the circulating air duct, and it has no dimension number ;
    公式(12)表明，在确定了常规送排风竖井通风方式的排风风流风量和隧道短道中并联风流风量的情况下，以及给定开式循环通风系统的循环比、净化效率和主要分支上的摩擦风阻系数，就能计算出实施开式可控循环通风系统而节省的通风功率消耗值。Equation (12) shows that when the exhaust air flow volume of the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method and the parallel air flow volume in the short tunnel are determined, and given the circulation ratio, purification efficiency and main branch of the open circulation ventilation system The frictional wind resistance coefficient can be used to calculate the ventilation power consumption value saved by implementing the open controllable circulation ventilation system.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算方法，其特征在于：步骤(一)中公式(1)的确定方法如下：The method for calculating the energy-saving amount of the open-type controllable circulation ventilation of a super-long highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the method for determining formula (1) in step (1) is as follows:
    (Ⅰ)由分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”、分支“循环风道引风段”、分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得出分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”上的排风风机风压计算式如式(13)：(Ⅰ) From the branch "Circulation duct air induction section to exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft head", branch "circulation duct air induction section", branch "tunnel entrance to upstream tunnel, circulation duct air induction section" and branch " A closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the exhaust wellhead and the tunnel entrance ", where the branch" Atmospheric environment between the exhaust wellhead and the tunnel entrance "is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. The wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics can be used The wind pressure calculation formula of the exhaust fan on the branch “Circulation duct channel to the exhaust shaft and exhaust wellhead” is obtained as follows (13):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100006
    式(13)中，h fe为排风风机风压，Pa；h e为排风竖井升压力，Pa；h j7为 分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h m7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”中的自然通风力，Pa；Q 2为分支“循环风道引风段”风流风量，即循环风道引风段流经风流风量，m 3/s；R 7为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In the formula (13), h fe for the exhaust fan pressure, Pa; h e is a ventilation shaft liter pressure, Pa; h j7 branch "to the tunnel entrance upstream of the tunnel, the wind circulation duct section" in the jet fan Group total lifting pressure, Pa; h t7 is the traffic ventilation capacity of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch “tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel and the circulating air duct”, pa; h m7 is the branch “tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel and the circulating air The natural ventilation force in the “Air Induction Section”, Pa; Q 2 is the air flow volume of the branch “circulating air channel inducing section”, that is, the air flow volume in the circulating air channel inducing section, m 3 / s; R 7 is the branch “ The coefficient of frictional wind resistance of the tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel and the air-inducing section of the circulating air duct, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
    (Ⅱ)由分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”、分支“循环风道引射段”、分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”和分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得出分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”上的送风风机风压计算式如式(14)：(II) From the branch "supply air well head, supply air shaft to circulating air duct ejection section", branch "circulating air duct ejecting section", branch "circulating duct ejecting section to downstream tunnel, tunnel exit" and branch " The closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead is a closed loop. The branch "Atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead" is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. The wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics can be used The calculation formula of the air pressure of the blower fan on the branch “supplying wellhead, supply air shaft to the ejection section of the circulating air duct” is as follows: (14):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100007
    式(14)中，h fs为送风风机风压，Pa；h s为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h j8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h m8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”中的自然通风力，Pa；R 8为分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (14), h fs is the wind pressure of the blower fan, Pa; h s is the lift pressure of the supply shaft, Pa; h j8 is the jet fan in the branch "circulating air duct ejection section to downstream tunnel, tunnel exit" Group total lifting pressure, Pa; h t8 is the traffic ventilation force of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch "circulating air duct ejection section to downstream tunnel, tunnel exit", Pa; h m8 is the branch "circulating air duct ejection section to downstream Natural ventilation in “tunnels and tunnel exits”, Pa; R 8 is the frictional wind resistance coefficient of the branch “circulating air duct ejection section to downstream tunnels and tunnel exits”, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
    (Ⅲ)由分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”、分支“循环风道”、分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”和分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的压力平衡方程可 得出分支“循环风道”上的除尘器所配置吸风风机风压计算式如式(15)：(Ⅲ) From the branch “Circulation duct air induction section to exhaust shaft, exhaust shaft head”, branch “circulation duct”, branch “supply wellhead, ventilation duct to circulation duct ejection section” and branch “send The closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the air wellhead and the exhaust air wellhead, where the branch "Atmospheric environment between the air supply wellhead and the exhaust airwellhead" is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. Using the pressure balance equation in hydrostatics, The calculation formula of the air pressure of the suction fan configured on the branch “circulating air duct” is as follows: (15):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100008
    式(15)中，h f-deduster为循环风道中除尘器所配置吸风风机风压，Pa； In formula (15), h f-deduster is the air pressure of the suction fan configured in the dust collector in the circulating air duct, Pa;
    (Ⅳ)由分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、循环风道引风段”、分支“隧道短道”、分支“循环风道引射段至下游隧道、隧道出口”、分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”、分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得式(16)：(IV) From the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the circulating air duct air induction section", the branch "tunnel short path", the branch "circulation duct guiding section to the downstream tunnel, tunnel exit", the branch "tunnel exit to the supply air Closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between wellheads ", the branch" Atmospheric environment between the supply wellhead and the exhaust wellhead "and the branch" The atmospheric environment between the exhaust wellhead and the tunnel entrance ", using the wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics Available formula (16):
    h s+h e＝R 7Q r 2+R 3Q 3 2+R 8Q r 2-h j7-h t7+h m7-h j8-h t8+h m8  (16)； h s + h e = R 7 Q r 2 + R 3 Q 3 2 + R 8 Q r 2 -h j7 -h t7 + h m7 -h j8 -h t8 + h m8 (16);
    式(16)中，h s为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h e为排风竖井升压力，Pa； In the formula (16), h s is the blowing shaft liter pressure, Pa; h e is a ventilation shaft liter pressure, Pa;
    (Ⅴ)应用物理学中质量守恒基本原理，有：(Ⅴ) The basic principles of mass conservation in applied physics are:
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100009
    式(17)中，Q 4为分支“循环风道引射段”风流风量，即循环风道引射段流经风流风量，m 3/s； In formula (17), Q 4 is the branch airflow volume of the “circulating air duct ejection section”, that is, the airflow flow volume of the circulating air duct ejection section, m 3 / s;
    并且有：And have:
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100010
    式(18)中，Q 1为分支“循环风道引风段至排风竖井、排风井口”风流风量，即排风竖井排风风量，m 3/s；Q 5为分支“循环风道”风流风量，即循环风道流经除尘器风流风量，m 3/s；Q 6为分支“送风井口、送风竖井至循环风道引射段”风流风量，即送风竖井送风风量，m 3/s； In formula (18), Q 1 is the branch airflow volume from the “circulation air duct deflection section to the exhaust shaft, the exhaust wellhead”, that is, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust shaft, m 3 / s; Q 5 is the branch “circulation air duct "Air flow volume, that is, the air flow volume of the circulating air channel passing through the dust collector, m 3 / s; Q 6 is the branch air flow volume of the" supply air well head, the air supply shaft to the ejection section of the circulation air channel ", ie, the air supply air volume , M 3 / s;
    (Ⅵ)根据流体力学与流体机械中功率等于静压力与体积流量的乘积，得到开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率为：(Ⅵ) According to the fluid power and fluid machinery, the power is equal to the product of static pressure and volume flow, and the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system is:
    P＝h fe(1-k)Q 2+h fs(1-k)Q 2+h f-dedusterkQ 2  (19)； P = h fe (1-k) Q 2 + h fs (1-k) Q 2 + h f-deduster kQ 2 (19);
    将公式(13)至公式(16)代入公式(19)，并代入公式(17)和公式(18)，合并同类项，得到开式可控循环通风系统所消耗总功率的计算式如式(1)：Substituting formulas (13) to (16) into formula (19), and into formula (17) and formula (18), combining similar terms to obtain the total power consumed by the open controllable circulation ventilation system is calculated as ( 1):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100011
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100011
    (Ⅶ)在公式(19)中，循环率的计算式如式(20)：(Ii) In formula (19), the calculation formula of the circulation rate is as shown in formula (20):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100012
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100012
  3. 根据权利要求1所述特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算方法，其特征在于：步骤(二)中公式(2)的确定方法如下：The method for calculating the energy saving amount of the open controllable circulation ventilation of the super-long highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the method for determining formula (2) in step (2) is as follows:
    (Ⅰ)由分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”、分支“排风竖井下半部分”、分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，摩擦风阻系数为0，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程得出分支“排风竖井上半部分至排风井口”上的排风风机风压计算式如式(21)：(I) From the branch "the upper half of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust wellhead", the branch "the lower half of the exhaust shaft", the branch "the tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft" and the branch "the exhaust shaft to The closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the entrances of the tunnel ", where the branch" the atmospheric environment between the exhaust vent well and the entrance of the tunnel "is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere, the frictional wind resistance coefficient is 0, and the wind pressure balance in hydrostatics is used The equation shows that the wind pressure calculation formula of the exhaust fan on the branch "the upper half of the exhaust shaft to the exhaust well head" is as follows: (21):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100013
    式(21)中，h t(fe)为排风风机风压，Pa；h t(e)为排风竖井升压力，Pa；h t(j7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t(t7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h t(m7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”中的自然通风力，Pa；R t(7)为分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (21), h t (fe) is the wind pressure of the exhaust fan, Pa; h t (e) is the pressure of the exhaust shaft, Pa; h t (j7) is the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, exhaust The total lifting pressure of the jet fan group in the lower half of the shaft, Pa; h t (t7) is the traffic ventilation of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft,"Pa; h t (m7) is the natural ventilation force in the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft", Pa; R t (7) is the branch "the tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft" Coefficient of frictional wind resistance, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
    (Ⅱ)由分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”、分支“送风竖井下半部分”、分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”和分支“隧道 出口至送风井口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，摩擦风阻系数为0，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程得出分支“送风井口至送风竖井下半部分起始点”上的送风风机风压计算式如式(22)：(Ⅱ) From the branch "supply air well to the starting point of the lower half of the supply shaft", the branch "the lower half of the supply shaft", the branch "the lower half of the supply shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit" and the branch "tunnel exit The closed loop consisting of the atmospheric environment between the air supply wellhead and the branch "the atmospheric environment between the tunnel exit and the air supply wellhead" is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere and has a frictional wind resistance coefficient of 0. The pressure balance equation can be used to calculate the wind pressure of the blower fan at the branch “supplying well head to the starting point of the lower half of the supply shaft” as shown in formula (22):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100014
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100014
    式(22)中，h t(fs)为送风风机风压，Pa；h t(s)为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h t(j8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”中的射流风机群总升压力，Pa；h t(t8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”中的单向交通隧道交通通风力，Pa；h t(m8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”中的自然通风力，Pa；R t(8)为分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”的摩擦风阻系数，N·S 2/m 8； In formula (22), h t (fs) is the wind pressure of the blower fan, Pa; h t (s) is the lift pressure of the blower shaft, Pa; h t (j8) is the branch "the lower half of the blower shaft, downstream The total lifting pressure of the jet fan group in the "tunnel to tunnel exit", Pa; h t (t8) is the traffic ventilation of the one-way traffic tunnel in the branch "lower part of the supply shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit", Pa; h t (m8) is the natural ventilation force in the branch "the lower half of the supply air shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit", Pa; R t (8) is the branch "the lower half of the supply air shaft, downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit" Coefficient of frictional wind resistance, N · S 2 / m 8 ;
    (Ⅲ)由分支“隧道入口至上游隧道、排风竖井下半部分”、分支“隧道短道”、分支“送风竖井下半部分、下游隧道至隧道出口”、分支“隧道出口至送风井口之间大气环境”、分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”和分支“排风井口至隧道入口之间大气环境”组成的闭合回路，其中分支“送风井口至排风井口之间大气环境”为伪分支，表示与大气相连，运用流体静力学中的风压平衡方程可得式(23)：(Ⅲ) From the branch "tunnel entrance to the upstream tunnel, the lower half of the exhaust shaft", the branch "tunnel short path", the branch "the lower half of the supply shaft, the downstream tunnel to the tunnel exit", and the branch "the tunnel exit to the supply air Closed loop consisting of the "atmospheric environment between wellheads", the branch "atmospheric environment between the supply air well head and the exhaust air wellhead" and the branch "atmospheric environment between the exhaust air well head and the tunnel entrance" The “atmospheric environment” is a pseudo branch, which indicates that it is connected to the atmosphere. Using the wind pressure balance equation in hydrostatics, we can obtain equation (23):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100015
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100015
    式(23)中，h t(s)为送风竖井升压力，Pa；h t(e)为排风竖井升压力，Pa； In formula (23), h t (s) is the lifting shaft pressure of the supply air shaft, Pa; h t (e) is the lifting shaft pressure of the exhaust air shaft, Pa;
    (Ⅳ)联合公式(21)、公式(22)和公式(23)，并根据质量守恒而存在的Q t(r)＝Q t(2)+Q t(3)、Q t(r)＝Q t(3)+Q t(4)和Q t(2)＝Q t(1)＝Q t(4)＝Q t(6)，其中，Q t(3)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中隧道短道流经风流风量，Q t(1)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中排风竖井排放风流风量，Q t(6)为常规送排风竖井通风方式中送风竖 井送入风流风量，单位均为m 3/s，从而得到常规送排风竖井通风方式中所消耗总功率为： (IV) Q t (r) = Q t (2) + Q t (3) , Q t (r) = Q t (3) + Q t (4) and Q t (2) = Q t (1) = Q t (4) = Q t (6) , where Q t (3) is the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation In the method, the short flow of the tunnel flows through the air flow. Q t (1) is the air flow in the exhaust shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, and Q t (6) is the air flow in the shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation. Air flow and air volume in m 3 / s, so that the total power consumed in the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method is:
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100016
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100016
    即得公式(2)：That gives formula (2):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100017
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100017
    由于送风风流送入风量等于排风风流排放风量，公式(2)也能表达成式(25)：Since the incoming air volume of the supply air flow is equal to the exhaust air flow, the formula (2) can also be expressed as the formula (25):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100018
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100018
  4. 根据权利要求1所述特长公路隧道开式可控循环通风的节能量计算方法，其特征在于：步骤(三)中公式(10)的确定方法如下：The method for calculating the energy-saving amount of the open controllable circulation ventilation of the super-long highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the method for determining formula (10) in step (3) is as follows:
    (Ⅰ)在开式可控循环通风系统中，假设循环风道引风段和循环风道引射段风量相等且为Q 2；循环风道的循环率为k，流经除尘器的未净化风流风量为kQ 2，则，送风风机送入新鲜风流风量为(1-k)Q 2，且，排风风机排放风流风量为(1-k)Q 2； (Ⅰ) In the open controllable circulating ventilation system, it is assumed that the air volume of the circulating air duct and the ejecting section of the circulating air duct are equal and Q 2 ; the circulation rate of the circulating air duct is k, and the unpurified air flowing through the dust collector is not purified. The air flow volume is kQ 2 , then the fresh air flow volume sent by the supply fan is (1-k) Q 2 , and the exhaust air flow volume of the exhaust fan is (1-k) Q 2 ;
    (Ⅱ)在开式可控循环通风系统中，假设除尘器净化效率为η；并设循环风道引风段的空气烟尘浓度为δ，m -1；δ 0为通风设计的烟尘容许浓度，m -1；则除尘器有效风量系数为ω＝δδ 0；经过除尘器净化后的新鲜空气风量为kωηQ 2；根据前述，送风风机送入新鲜空气风量为(1-k)Q 2，排风风机排放的新鲜空气风量为(1-ω)(1-k)Q 2； (Ⅱ) In the open controllable circulation ventilation system, it is assumed that the purification efficiency of the dust collector is η; and the air smoke concentration in the air induction section of the circulation duct is δ, m -1 ; δ 0 is the allowable smoke concentration in the ventilation design. m -1 ; the effective air volume coefficient of the dust collector is ω = δδ 0 ; the fresh air volume after the dust collector is purified is kωηQ 2 ; according to the foregoing, the fresh air volume of the fresh air sent by the air blower is (1-k) Q 2 . The amount of fresh air discharged by the fan is (1-ω) (1-k) Q 2 ;
    (Ⅲ)综合前述，则开式可控循环通风系统中经过送风风机和排风风机提供的新鲜风流风量计算式为：(Ⅲ) Based on the above, the calculation formula of the fresh air flow volume provided by the supply fan and exhaust fan in the open controllable circulation ventilation system is:
    kωηQ 2+(1-k)Q 2-Q 2(1-k)(1-ω)＝[ω-kω(1-η)]Q 2  (26)； kωηQ 2 + (1-k) Q 2 -Q 2 (1-k) (1-ω) = [ω-kω (1-η)] Q 2 (26);
    式(26)中，ω为除尘器有效风量系数，无量纲数；δ为流入除尘器未净化循环风流的烟尘浓度即循环风道引风段的空气烟尘浓度，m -1；δ 0为通风设计的烟尘容许浓度，m -1； In the formula (26), ω is the filter coefficient of an effective amount of wind, the number of non-dimensional; [delta] is not flowing into the precipitator dust concentration in the circulating air flow purge air dust concentration, i.e. the wind circulation duct segment, m -1; δ 0 is ventilated Designed smoke and dust allowable concentration, m -1 ;
    (Ⅳ)在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，送风送入风流风量和排风排放风流风量为Q t(2)，设排风竖井排放风流的空气烟尘浓度δ t，且没有超过通风设计容许值δ 0；因此，排风排放风流中有一部风量可以看作为新鲜空气，则排风有效风量系数ω t＝δ t/δ 0； (IV) In the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, the supply and exhaust air flow volume and exhaust air flow volume are Q t (2) , and the air smoke concentration δ t of the exhaust air flow from the exhaust shaft is not exceeded. Allowable value δ 0 ; Therefore, if a part of the exhaust air flow can be regarded as fresh air, the effective air volume coefficient ω t = δ t / δ 0 of the exhaust air;
    (Ⅴ)在常规送排风竖井通风方式中，根据前述，通过排风竖井排放风流中的新鲜空气风量为(1-ω t)Q t(2)，由送风竖井送入风流风量中的新鲜空气量为Q t(4)，一般Q t(4)＝Q t(2)，则有效的新鲜风量即为两者之差，可表示为式(27)： (Ⅴ) In the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation method, according to the foregoing, the fresh air volume in the exhaust air flow through the exhaust shaft is (1-ω t ) Q t (2) , and the The amount of fresh air is Q t (4) , and generally Q t (4) = Q t (2) , then the effective fresh air volume is the difference between the two, which can be expressed as equation (27):
    Q t(2)-Q t(2)(1-ω t)＝ω tQ t(2)  (27)； Q t (2) -Q t (2) (1-ω t ) = ω t Q t (2) (27);
    式(27)中，ω t为常规送排风竖井通风方式中的排风有效风量系数，无量纲数；δ t为常规送排风竖井通风方式中排风竖井排放风流的空气烟尘浓度，m -1； In formula (27), ω t is the effective airflow coefficient of the exhaust air in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, and the dimensionless number; δ t is the concentration of air smoke and dust in the exhaust shaft in the conventional ventilation and ventilation shaft ventilation mode, m -1 ;
    (Ⅵ)对于开式可控循环通风系统而言，要使送入隧道内的有效新鲜风流风量与常规送排风竖井通风方式的通风效果一样，则应该满足：公式(26)＝公式(27)，即：(Ⅵ) For the open controllable circulation ventilation system, if the effective fresh air flow volume entering the tunnel is the same as that of the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method, it should satisfy: (26) = (27) ),which is:
    [ω-kω(1-η)]Q 2＝ω tQ t(2)  (28)； [ω-kω (1-η)] Q 2 = ω t Q t (2) (28);
    一般情况下，开式可控循环通风系统与常规送排风竖井通风方式的结构是相似的，具体表现为ω＝ω t，则公式(28)简化为式(28)： In general, the structure of the open controllable circulation ventilation system is similar to the conventional ventilation and exhaust shaft ventilation method. The specific expression is ω = ω t , then formula (28) is simplified to formula (28):
    Q 2·[1-k(1-η)]＝Q t(2)  (29)； Q 2 · [1-k (1-η)] = Q t (2) (29);
    将式(29)变形，即得式(10)：Transforming equation (29), we get equation (10):
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100019
    Figure PCTCN2019089913-appb-100019
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