WO2020035025A1 - 血氧仪 - Google Patents

血氧仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020035025A1
WO2020035025A1 PCT/CN2019/100795 CN2019100795W WO2020035025A1 WO 2020035025 A1 WO2020035025 A1 WO 2020035025A1 CN 2019100795 W CN2019100795 W CN 2019100795W WO 2020035025 A1 WO2020035025 A1 WO 2020035025A1
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Prior art keywords
blood oxygen
oxygen saturation
threshold
duration
oximeter
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PCT/CN2019/100795
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡坤
许云龙
张金玲
赵亚涛
宋智超
吴迪
闫博华
Original Assignee
康泰医学系统（秦皇岛）股份有限公司
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Application filed by 康泰医学系统（秦皇岛）股份有限公司 filed Critical 康泰医学系统（秦皇岛）股份有限公司
Priority to US16/755,037 priority Critical patent/US11304636B2/en
Priority to EP19849475.9A priority patent/EP3838145A4/en
Publication of WO2020035025A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020035025A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A61B5/14552—Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6824—Arm or wrist
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6825—Hand
    • A61B5/6826—Finger
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6838—Clamps or clips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/746—Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to an oximeter, and more particularly, to a oximeter that performs a flashing alarm under low blood oxygen saturation.
  • Oximeter is used to detect the blood oxygen saturation of the human body. Blood oxygen saturation is one of the important physiological parameters reflecting human health. More and more patients measure their health status by monitoring blood oxygen saturation.
  • Patent Document 1 (CN201720778672.4) relates to a mobile communication terminal.
  • the alarm device issues an alarm and the warning lamp blinks.
  • Patent document 2 (CN201320543579.7) relates to a palm-type pulse oximeter. By setting a buzzer, it has a function of prompting the sound of measuring abnormal values, and at the same time, an indicator light is added to realize the function of blinking the abnormal value.
  • Patent Document 3 (CN201120199935.9) relates to an oximeter, in which the control unit controls the display unit to display the measurement values in different ranges in different colors based on the judgment result of the judgment unit. Patent Document 3 can mark or prompt the measurement result, so that the surveyor can intuitively and clearly know whether the blood oxygen saturation is normal, which improves the user experience of the oximeter.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 both alert the user by adding an alarm, a buzzer, or an indicator, increasing the cost of the equipment.
  • Patent Document 3 only issues a warning by measuring the color change of a parameter, and the warning effect is not obvious enough.
  • the present invention proposes a oximeter that performs a flashing alarm under a low blood oxygen saturation level. Specifically, the following technical solution is proposed.
  • An oximeter comprising:
  • a blood oxygen collection unit having a first light emitting unit, a second light emitting unit, and a light receiving sensor, the first light emitting unit emits red light, the second light emitting unit emits infrared light, and the light receiving sensor receives The first light emitting unit emits red light that is not absorbed by the human body and the second light emitting unit emits infrared light that is not absorbed by the human body and converts it into an electrical signal;
  • a storage unit that stores a first threshold value
  • a microprocessor that calculates blood oxygen saturation of a human body based on an electrical signal detected by the light receiving sensor, and includes a judgment unit that judges whether the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the first threshold;
  • the display unit is configured to blink and display the blood oxygen saturation at a first frequency when the determination unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the first threshold.
  • the oximeter of the present invention reminds the user by blinking the blood oxygen saturation at a predetermined frequency, which can significantly improve the warning effect without increasing the equipment cost.
  • visual stimulation is suitable for patients with hearing impairments, and it is also suitable for environments with noisy sounds. At the same time, no sound prompt will not affect other people's rest, life or work.
  • the storage unit further stores a second threshold value that is less than the first threshold value, and the judgment unit judges the blood when the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the first threshold value. Whether the oxygen saturation level is lower than the second threshold value, and when the determining unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the second threshold value, the display unit Frequency flicker displays the blood oxygen saturation.
  • the storage unit further stores a third threshold value that is smaller than the second threshold value, and the judgment unit judges the blood when the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold value. Whether the oxygen saturation level is lower than the third threshold value, and the display unit, when the judgment unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the third threshold value, Frequency flicker displays the blood oxygen saturation.
  • the storage unit further stores a first duration
  • the judging unit when determining that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the first threshold, determines whether the duration in this case exceeds
  • the display unit at the first frequency, when the determination unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the first threshold and continues for the first duration
  • the blood oxygen saturation is displayed blinking.
  • the storage unit further stores a second duration that is less than or equal to the first duration, and the judging unit judges that when the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold, In this case, if the duration exceeds the second duration, the display unit determines, in the judging unit, that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold value and continues for the second duration. In the case, the blood oxygen saturation level is displayed blinking at the second frequency.
  • the storage unit further stores a third duration that is less than or equal to the second duration, and the judging unit judges that if the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the third threshold, In this case, if the duration exceeds the third duration, the display unit determines, in the judgment unit, that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the third threshold and continues for the third duration. In the case, the blood oxygen saturation level is displayed by blinking at the third frequency.
  • the oximeter further includes an input unit for setting a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, a first frequency, a second frequency, a third frequency, and a first duration At least one of the second duration and the third duration.
  • the oximeter further includes an I / O interface, and the I / O interface is used for charging the battery unit and / or connecting other blood oxygen collection devices.
  • the oximeter further includes a wireless communication unit.
  • the oximeter refers to a clip oximeter, a wrist oximeter, or a head-mounted oximeter
  • the finger oximeter blood oxygen collection unit includes a recessed type that can be put into a finger
  • a blood oxygen collection port, the first light emitting unit, the second light emitting unit, and the light receiving sensor are arranged in the concave blood oxygen collection port, and the blood oxygen collection unit of the wrist oximeter
  • the blood oxygen finger clip is provided outside the casing, and the blood oxygen finger clip is connected to an interface provided on the casing.
  • the lower the blood oxygen saturation the higher the frequency of flicker, so that the warning effect in an emergency situation can be further improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oximeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an example of a screen displayed by a display unit of the oximeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is another example of a screen displayed by a display unit of the oximeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an example of a wrist-type oximeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oximeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the oximeter 1 of this embodiment includes:
  • the blood oxygen collection unit 2 has a first light emitting unit 21, a second light emitting unit 22, and a light receiving sensor 23.
  • the first light emitting unit 21 emits red light
  • the second light emitting unit 22 emits infrared light.
  • the light receiving sensor 23 receives red light emitted by the first light emitting unit 21 that is not absorbed by the human body, and receives infrared light emitted by the second light emitting unit 22 that is not absorbed by the human body, and converts it into electricity. signal;
  • a storage unit 3 which stores a first threshold value
  • a microprocessor 4 which calculates a blood oxygen saturation level of a human body based on an electrical signal detected by the light receiving sensor 23, and includes a determination unit 41 that determines whether the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the blood oxygen saturation level First threshold; and
  • the display unit 5 blinks and displays the blood oxygen saturation at a first frequency when the determination unit 41 determines that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the first threshold.
  • the oximeter 1 may be a portable oximeter such as a finger clip oximeter, a wrist oximeter, or a head-mounted oximeter, as well as a desktop oximeter used in a hospital.
  • the invention has no restrictions on this.
  • the blood oxygen collection unit 2 of this embodiment includes a first light emitting unit 21, a second light emitting unit 22, and a light receiving sensor 23.
  • the first light emitting unit 21 and the second light emitting unit 22 are, for example, LEDs, which are light emitting diodes.
  • the first light emitting unit 21 emits red light, such as 660 nm
  • the second light emitting unit 22 emits infrared light, such as 905 nm, 910 nm, or 940 nm.
  • the light receiving sensor 23 is, for example, a photosensitive sensor, and receives light emitted by the first light emitting unit 21 and the second light emitting unit 22 and is not absorbed by a human body, and converts it into an electric signal.
  • the first light emitting unit 21 and the second light emitting unit 22 may alternately emit light, so that the light receiving sensor 23 can alternately receive the red light emitted by the first light emitting unit 21 and not absorbed by the human body.
  • the second light emitting unit 22 emits infrared light which is not absorbed by the human body.
  • the light receiving sensor 23 may include two sensors, and each sensor independently receives light emitted by the first light emitting unit 21 and the second light emitting unit 22 and is not absorbed by the human body. In this way, the first light emitting unit 21 The second light emitting unit 22 does not need to emit light alternately, but can emit light continuously.
  • the blood oxygen collection unit 2 may also include more than three light emitting units to improve the collection accuracy.
  • the blood oxygen collection unit 2 includes a concave blood oxygen collection port that can be put into a finger, and a first light emitting unit is provided in the concave blood oxygen collection port. 21.
  • the blood oxygen collection unit 2 When the oximeter 1 is a wrist type oximeter, the blood oxygen collection unit 2 includes a blood oxygen finger clip provided outside the casing, and the blood oxygen finger clip is connected to an interface provided on the casing. In addition, the blood oxygen collection unit 2 of the wrist oximeter may be provided inside the casing.
  • FIG. 4 is an example of a wrist-type oximeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the blood oxygen collection unit 2 included in the wrist oximeter 1 is a blood oxygen finger clip, which is connected to an interface provided on the casing.
  • the blood oxygen collection unit 2 may be provided outside or inside the case like a wrist oximeter. When installed externally, the blood oxygen collection unit 2 is connected through an interface provided on the housing.
  • the blood oxygen collection unit 2 sends the collected electrical signals to the microprocessor 4, and the microprocessor 4 calculates the blood oxygen saturation of the human body based on the received electrical signals.
  • the method for the microprocessor 4 to calculate the blood oxygen saturation based on the electrical signal collected by the blood oxygen acquisition unit 2 may be any method known in the art, and the present invention will not repeat them.
  • the microprocessor 4 includes a determining unit 41 that determines whether the calculated blood oxygen saturation level is lower than a first threshold value stored in the storage unit 3.
  • the display unit 5 blinks and displays the blood oxygen saturation at a first frequency. Any one or more of a bar graph, a blood oxygen value, a pulse rate value, a PI value, and a waveform graph can be displayed on the display unit 5 of this embodiment, and the present invention has no limitation on this.
  • FIG. 2 is an example of a screen displayed by a display unit of the oximeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is another example of a screen displayed by a display unit of the oximeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a bar graph, a blood oxygen value, a pulse rate value, and a waveform graph are displayed on the display unit 5.
  • a bar graph, a blood oxygen value, a pulse rate value, and a PI value are displayed on the display unit 5.
  • the display unit 5 preferably displays the blood oxygen saturation level by blinking.
  • the entire screen of the display unit 5 may be displayed in a blinking manner, or the blood oxygen saturation and other parameter values may be alternately displayed in a blinking manner to alert the user.
  • the oximeter 1 of this embodiment reminds the user by displaying the blood oxygen saturation level by blinking at the first frequency, which can significantly improve the warning effect without increasing the equipment cost.
  • visual stimulation is suitable for patients with hearing impairments, and it is also suitable for environments with noisy sounds. At the same time, no sound prompt will not affect other people's rest, life or work.
  • the storage unit further stores a second threshold value that is less than the first threshold value, and the judgment unit judges the blood when the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the first threshold value. Whether the oxygen saturation level is lower than the second threshold value, and when the determining unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the second threshold value, the display unit Frequency flicker displays the blood oxygen saturation.
  • the storage unit further stores a third threshold value that is smaller than the second threshold value, and the judgment unit judges the blood when the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold value. Whether the oxygen saturation level is lower than the third threshold value, and the display unit, when the judgment unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the third threshold value, Frequency flicker displays the blood oxygen saturation.
  • the storage unit further stores a first duration
  • the judging unit when determining that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the first threshold, determines whether the duration in this case exceeds
  • the display unit at the first frequency, when the determination unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the first threshold and continues for the first duration
  • the blood oxygen saturation is displayed blinking.
  • the storage unit further stores a second duration that is less than or equal to the first duration, and the judging unit judges that when the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold, In this case, if the duration exceeds the second duration, the display unit determines, in the judging unit, that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold value and continues for the second duration. In the case, the blood oxygen saturation level is displayed blinking at the second frequency.
  • the storage unit further stores a third duration that is less than or equal to the second duration, and the judging unit judges that if the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the third threshold, In this case, if the duration exceeds the third duration, the display unit determines, in the judgment unit, that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the third threshold and continues for the third duration. In the case, the blood oxygen saturation level is displayed by blinking at the third frequency.
  • Example 1 The first threshold is 90%, the second threshold is 85%, and the third threshold is 80%.
  • the display parameter ie, blood oxygen saturation
  • the display parameter flashes at a frequency of 0.5 times / second (ie, the first frequency); when it is less than 85% and lasts for 9 seconds within this range (that is, the second duration is 9 seconds)
  • the display parameter flashes at a frequency of 1 time / second (that is, the second frequency); when the display parameter is less than 80% and lasts for 8 seconds within this range (that is, the third duration is 8 seconds
  • the display parameter is displayed at 2 times / second.
  • the frequency ie, the third frequency
  • Zh Threshold duration frequency the first 90% 10 seconds 0.5 times / second second 85% 9 seconds 1 time / second third 80% 8 seconds 2 times / second
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the threshold value and the duration and flicker frequency may be stored in the storage unit 3.
  • the corresponding curve which preferably satisfies the lower the blood oxygen saturation, the shorter the duration, and the higher the flicker frequency.
  • the calculation of the duration is started. If the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold before the first duration is reached, it is preferable to continue to calculate the duration without restarting Calculate duration. This can ensure that the user is alerted by a flashing display in a timely manner when the blood oxygen saturation continuously decreases.
  • the oximeter 1 of this embodiment preferably further includes an input unit 7 through which a first threshold, a second threshold, a third threshold, a first frequency, a second frequency, a third frequency, a first duration, At least one of the second duration and the third duration.
  • the input unit 7 is, for example, a key, and preferably, the key is one or more elastic cylindrical keys protruding from the surface of the case, which can be turned on and off, function settings, and set the threshold, Frequency and duration.
  • the input function may be set on the display unit 5.
  • the display unit 5 has a touch control function, and the user implements the input control described above through the display unit 5.
  • the oximeter 1 of this embodiment preferably further includes a wireless communication unit 8 that receives a parameter setting instruction from the mobile terminal and sends alarm information to the mobile terminal.
  • the user can communicate with the wireless communication unit 8 through the mobile terminal, control the oximeter 1, or transmit the data detected by the oximeter 1 to the mobile terminal.
  • the oximeter 1 of this embodiment preferably further includes a power supply unit 6, which may be a dry battery or a rechargeable battery, and supplies power to various components of the oximeter 1.
  • a power supply unit 6 which may be a dry battery or a rechargeable battery, and supplies power to various components of the oximeter 1.
  • the oximeter 1 of the present embodiment preferably further includes an I / O interface 9.
  • the I / O interface 9 is, for example, a USB interface.
  • the battery unit 6 can be charged through the I / O interface 9.
  • the I / O interface 9 can be used as an acquisition interface for externally connected other blood oxygen collection devices 10, so that it can be connected to a traditional finger clip or finger sleeve blood oxygen collection device, which is suitable for nighttime or long-term monitoring.
  • the display unit 6 displays the blood oxygen saturation in a first font when the judgment unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the first threshold value, and the judgment unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is When the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold, the blood oxygen saturation is displayed in a second font larger than the first font. When the determination unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the third threshold, the blood oxygen saturation level is displayed in a third font larger than the second font.
  • the display unit 6 displays the blood oxygen saturation at a first brightness when the judgment unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the first threshold value, and the judgment unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation is When the blood oxygen saturation is lower than the second threshold, the blood oxygen saturation is displayed at a second brightness greater than the first brightness.
  • the determination unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the third threshold value, the blood oxygen saturation level is displayed at a third brightness greater than the second brightness.
  • the display font of the measurement parameter is displayed with the scale enlarged.
  • the size of the font can be changed from 12 * 12 pixels to 20 * 20 pixels, and further changed to 30 * 30 pixels.
  • the level uses different levels of backlight intensity changes-such as low brightness, medium brightness, high brightness.
  • the brightness can be changed by changing the power supply voltage of the display screen.
  • the voltage can be changed by connecting different resistance values in series or by PWM adjustment.
  • the default display uses small fonts and low brightness. This is to extend the life of the machine. Large fonts or high brightness is to attract attention.
  • the font size and backlight display level can be set.
  • the determining unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the first threshold value, it starts to calculate a duration, and before the first duration time is reached, the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than In the case of the second threshold, the duration is continuously calculated.
  • the display unit 6 when the determination unit determines that the blood oxygen saturation level is lower than the first threshold value and continues for the first duration, further delays a predetermined alarm duration, and then uses the first A frequency blink indicates the blood oxygen saturation.
  • a determination of delaying the alarm duration is added.
  • the duration is calculated, the corresponding duration is exceeded, and an alarm is triggered after the corresponding alarm duration is delayed.
  • the display unit 6 sets a blinking frequency, a display font, and / or a display brightness according to the level of the abnormality.
  • the level of the abnormality is divided according to the rate of change of the blood oxygen saturation or the number of crossing thresholds.
  • the change rate of the blood oxygen saturation is calculated based on the following formula 1,
  • V i ((a-1) * (A i -A i-1 ) / T + V i-1 ) / a Formula 1
  • a is an adjustment coefficient
  • T is the overrun time
  • V i is the latest real-time change rate
  • V i-1 is the rate of change of a real-time
  • a i is the latest measurement data
  • a i-1 is the previous measurement data.
  • the threshold or / and the delay time range is too large due to improper setting by the user, it may not respond to the rapid deterioration.
  • the sharp deterioration is worthy of attention, and the dynamic change improves the reliability of the alarm.
  • the degree of anomaly is actually the rate of change or rate of change of data or the number of times of threshold crossing within the time limit. The greater the rate of change or rate of change or the number of times of threshold crossing, the higher the degree of abnormality.
  • the rate of data change is 2% / overrun time, 5% / overrun time, 10% / overrun time, corresponding to the first, second, and third levels of abnormality, respectively.
  • the rate of change is the difference between the latest measured data and the last measured data.
  • the rate of change has a positive rate of change and a negative rate of change.
  • a positive value indicates that the latest value is greater than the last value. For example, when describing blood oxygen saturation, the value is increasing.
  • the representative value is decreasing, and the decreasing value represents a trend of deterioration.
  • the actual change rate is calculated using the above formula 1, and a can be adjusted according to the frequency of data collection, such as When the frequency is 120Hz, the value of a is 32. Using this formula to calculate the actual rate of change can avoid false alarms due to interference data.
  • the number of times that the measured data exceeds the threshold is described as follows: When the measured data exceeds the threshold for the first time, it is counted once, the data falls back to a normal value, and the number of times that the data exceeds the threshold again plus 1 is counted as 2, which are accumulated sequentially in the duration (The measured data was not stable enough within the time limit. This mechanism was introduced in order to draw attention to data fluctuations).
  • the degree of abnormality exceeds a preset value, as the degree of abnormality increases, the delay time becomes shorter, the threshold range becomes smaller, and the frequency becomes faster. Conversely, the abnormality becomes lower, the delay time becomes longer, the threshold range becomes larger, and the frequency becomes slower.
  • the change speed exceeds a preset value
  • the larger the absolute value of the change speed the smaller the threshold setting range and / or the shorter the delay time and / or the faster the frequency, otherwise the parameters will not be adjusted.
  • the number of threshold crossings exceeds a preset value, the larger the number, the smaller the threshold setting range and / or the shorter the delay time and / or the faster the frequency, otherwise the parameters will not be adjusted.
  • the delay time for example, at least one of the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration, may be adaptively calculated based on the following formula 2,
  • A is the measured data
  • B is the set threshold
  • Ht is the maximum delay time
  • Lt is the minimum delay time.
  • the measured data is less than the low threshold, the smaller the measured data (the greater the abnormality) and the shorter the delay time, the faster the response speed.
  • the set threshold is B, and the measured data meets the alarm.
  • the maximum value is B-1 at this time, which corresponds to the maximum delay time Ht, and the minimum value of the measured data is 0, which corresponds to the minimum delay time Lt.
  • the setting of the delay time takes into account the convenience of data processing and the processing capacity of the processor. For the relationship between the data, the calculation amount of the one-time function is relatively minimal. At the same time, the generation conditions of the alarm need to be added.
  • the relationship between the measured data A and the delay time T is derived as the above formula 2, where the numerator is the maximum The delay and the lowest delay time are determined by a linear function, and the denominator is obtained according to the minimum requirements for generating an alarm under actual conditions.
  • the display unit 6 also displays cumulative unprocessed alarm information.
  • the alarm can be closed by the medical staff or it has not been effectively processed for a certain period of time and has returned to the normal value for a period of time.
  • the alarm is turned off and a cumulative non-alarm reminder flag is added.
  • the alarms at different thresholds are displayed separately. It is a numerical value, it can be an icon, etc.
  • the flag is set to indicate that an alarm has occurred and attracted attention. It can facilitate the medical staff to view the event and guide the care.

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  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

一种血氧仪（1），包括：血氧采集单元（2），其具有第一光发射单元（21）、第二光发射单元（22）和光接收传感器（23），第一光发射单元（21）发射红光，第二光发射单元（22）发射红外光，光接收传感器（23）接收第一光发射单元（21）发射且未被人体吸收的红光和第二光发射单元（22）发射且未被人体吸收的红外光，并将其转换为电信号；存储单元（3），其存储有第一阈值；微处理器（4），其基于由光接收传感器（23）检测到的电信号计算人体的血氧饱和度，并包括判断单元（41），判断单元（41）判断血氧饱和度是否低于第一阈值；和显示单元（5），其在判断单元（41）判断为血氧饱和度低于第一阈值的情况下，以第一频率闪烁显示血氧饱和度。

Description

血氧仪
本申请要求于2018年8月16日递交的中国专利申请第201810932722.9号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本发明的实施方式涉及血氧仪，更具体地说，涉及在低血氧饱和度下进行闪烁报警的血氧仪。
背景技术
血氧仪用于检测人体的血氧饱和度，血氧饱和度是反映人体健康的重要生理参数之一，越来越多的患者通过监测血氧饱和度来衡量自己的健康状况。
现有技术中，在检测到血氧饱和度低于阈值时，通常是通过振动刺激、声音刺激来提醒患者或者医护人员，也有通过视觉刺激来提醒用户的。
具体地，专利文献1(CN201720778672.4)涉及一种移动通信终端，在人体血氧饱和度低于预设值时，报警器发出报警以及警示灯闪烁。
专利文献2(CN201320543579.7)涉及一种掌式脉搏血氧计，通过设置蜂鸣器，使其具有测量异常值提示音提示功能，同时增加指示灯，实现异常值闪烁指示功能。
专利文献3(CN201120199935.9)涉及一种血氧仪，其中控制单元基于判断单元的判断结果，控制显示部件以不同颜色显示处于不同范围的测量值。专利文献3可对测量结果进行标识或者提示，使测量者可直观清楚地知道其血氧饱和度是否正常，提高了血氧仪 的用户体验。
发明内容
本发明的发明人发现上述现有技术存在以下问题。
专利文献1和2都是通过增设报警器、蜂鸣器或指示灯，来提醒用户，增加了设备成本。专利文献3只是通过测量参数的颜色变化来发出警示，警示效果不够明显。
针对现有技术的上述不足，本发明提出了一种在低血氧饱和度下进行闪烁报警的血氧仪，具体地，提出了以下技术方案。
一种血氧仪，包括：
血氧采集单元，其具有第一光发射单元、第二光发射单元和光接收传感器，所述第一光发射单元发射红光，所述第二光发射单元发射红外光，所述光接收传感器接收所述第一光发射单元发射并未被人体吸收的红光和所述第二光发射单元发射并未被人体吸收的红外光，并将其转换为电信号；
存储单元，其存储有第一阈值；
微处理器，其基于由所述光接收传感器检测到的电信号计算人体的血氧饱和度，并包括判断单元，所述判断单元判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第一阈值；和
显示单元，其在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，以第一频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
本发明的血氧仪，通过以预定频率闪烁显示血氧饱和度来提醒用户，能够显著提高警示效果，不会增加设备成本。而且，视觉刺激适于有听力障碍的患者，也适于声音嘈杂的环境，同时无声音提示不会影响到其他人的休息、生活或者工作。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有小于所述第一阈值的第二阈值，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第二阈值，所述显示单元 在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，以大于所述第一频率的第二频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有小于所述第二阈值的第三阈值，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第三阈值，所述显示单元在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，以大于所述第二频率的第三频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有第一持续时间，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第一持续时间，所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值且持续所述第一持续时间的情况下，以所述第一频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有小于等于所述第一持续时间的第二持续时间，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第二持续时间，所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值且持续所述第二持续时间的情况下，以所述第二频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有小于等于所述第二持续时间的第三持续时间，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第三持续时间，所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值且持续所述第三持续时间的情况下，以所述第三频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述血氧仪还包括输入单元，所述输入单元用于设定第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值、第一频率、第二频率、第三频率、第一持续时间、第二持续时间和第三持续时间中的至少一个。
可选地，所述血氧仪还包括I/O接口，所述I/O接口用于对电 池单元充电和/或连接其他血氧采集装置。
可选地，所述血氧仪还包括无线通讯单元。
可选地，所述血氧仪是指夹血氧仪、腕式血氧仪或头戴式血氧仪，所述指夹血氧仪的血氧采集单元包括可以放入手指的内凹式血氧采集口，在所述内凹式血氧采集口内设置所述第一光发射单元、所述第二光发射单元和所述光接收传感器，所述腕式血氧仪的血氧采集单元包括设置于壳体外部的血氧指夹，所述血氧指夹与设置于所述壳体的接口连接。
本发明的血氧仪，优选，血氧饱和度越低，闪烁的频率越高，从而能够进一步提高紧急情况下的警示效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的实施方式的技术方案，下面将对实施方式的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施方式，而非对本发明的限制。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的血氧仪的示意性结构图。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施方式的血氧仪的显示单元所显示的画面的一例。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施方式的血氧仪的显示单元所显示的画面的另一例。
图4是根据本发明的一个实施方式的腕式血氧仪的一例。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的实施方式的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明的实施方式的附图，对本发明的实施方式的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施方式是本发明的一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于所描述的本发明的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的 所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的血氧仪的示意性结构图。
如图1所示，本实施方式的血氧仪1包括：
血氧采集单元2，其具有第一光发射单元21、第二光发射单元22和光接收传感器23，所述第一光发射单元21发射红光，所述第二光发射单元22发射红外光，所述光接收传感器23接收所述第一光发射单元21发射并未被人体吸收的红光和接收所述第二光发射单元22发射并未被人体吸收的红外光，并将其转换为电信号；
存储单元3，其存储有第一阈值；
微处理器4，其基于由所述光接收传感器23检测到的电信号计算人体的血氧饱和度，并包括判断单元41，所述判断单元41判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第一阈值；和
显示单元5，其在所述判断单元41判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，以第一频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
本实施方式的血氧仪1可以是本领域公知的指夹血氧仪、腕式血氧仪或头戴式血氧仪等便携式血氧仪，也可以是医院使用的台式血氧仪，本发明对此没有任何限制。
本实施方式的血氧采集单元2具有第一光发射单元21、第二光发射单元22和光接收传感器23。第一光发射单元21和第二光发射单元22例如是发光二极管即LED。第一光发射单元21发射例如660nm的红光，第二光发射单元22发射例如905nm、910nm或940nm的红外光。光接收传感器23例如是光敏传感器，接收第一光发射单元21和第二光发射单元22发射并未被人体吸收的光，并将其转换为电信号。
在具体工作过程中，可以是第一光发射单元21和第二光发射单元22交替发光，这样，光接收传感器23就能够交替接收到第一光发射单元21发射并未被人体吸收的红光和第二光发射单元22发射并未被人体吸收的红外光。另外，也可以是光接收传感器23包 括两个传感器，每个传感器独立地接收第一光发射单元21和第二光发射单元22发射并未被人体吸收的光，这样，第一光发射单元21和第二光发射单元22就不需要交替发光，而可以连续发光。
另外，血氧采集单元2也可以包括三个以上光发射单元，以提高采集精度。
在血氧仪1是指夹血氧仪的情况下，血氧采集单元2包括可以放入手指的内凹式血氧采集口，在所述内凹式血氧采集口内设置第一光发射单元21、第二光发射单元22和光接收传感器23。
在血氧仪1是腕式血氧仪的情况下，血氧采集单元2包括设置于壳体外部的血氧指夹，该血氧指夹与设置于所述壳体的接口连接。另外，腕式血氧仪的血氧采集单元2也可以设置在壳体内部。
具体地，图4是根据本发明的一个实施方式的腕式血氧仪的一例。如图4所示，腕式血氧仪1具有的血氧采集单元2即血氧指夹设置在外部，该血氧指夹与设置于所述壳体的接口连接。
在血氧仪1是头戴式血氧仪的情况下，血氧采集单元2也可以像腕式血氧仪那样设置在壳体外部或内部。在设置在外部的情况下，血氧采集单元2通过壳体上设置的接口进行连接。
血氧采集单元2将采集到的电信号发送给微处理器4，微处理器4基于接收到的电信号计算人体的血氧饱和度。微处理器4基于血氧采集单元2采集到的电信号计算血氧饱和度的方法可以本领域公知的任何方法，本发明不再赘述。
微处理器4包括判断单元41，该判断单元41判断计算得到的血氧饱和度是否低于存储单元3所存储的第一阈值。
显示单元5在判断单元41判断为血氧饱和度低于第一阈值的情况下，以第一频率闪烁显示血氧饱和度。在本实施方式的显示单元5上，可以显示棒图、血氧值、脉率值、PI值和波形图的任意一种或多种，本发明对此没有任何限制。
具体地，图2是根据本发明的一个实施方式的血氧仪的显示单 元所显示的画面的一例。图3是根据本发明的一个实施方式的血氧仪的显示单元所显示的画面的另一例。如图2所述，在显示单元5显示棒图、血氧值、脉率值和波形图。如图3所示，在显示单元5显示棒图、血氧值、脉率值和PI值。
在本实施方式中，显示单元5优选闪烁显示血氧饱和度。另外，也可以使显示单元5的整个画面闪烁显示，或者使血氧饱和度和其他参数值交替闪烁显示，以起到警示用户的作用。
本实施方式的血氧仪1，通过以第一频率闪烁显示血氧饱和度来提醒用户，能够显著提高警示效果，不会增加设备成本。而且，视觉刺激适于有听力障碍的患者，也适于声音嘈杂的环境，同时无声音提示不会影响到其他人的休息、生活或者工作。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有小于所述第一阈值的第二阈值，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第二阈值，所述显示单元在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，以大于所述第一频率的第二频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有小于所述第二阈值的第三阈值，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第三阈值，所述显示单元在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，以大于所述第二频率的第三频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有第一持续时间，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第一持续时间，所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值且持续所述第一持续时间的情况下，以所述第一频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有小于等于所述第一持续时间的 第二持续时间，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第二持续时间，所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值且持续所述第二持续时间的情况下，以所述第二频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
可选地，所述存储单元还存储有小于等于所述第二持续时间的第三持续时间，所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第三持续时间，所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值且持续所述第三持续时间的情况下，以所述第三频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
下面以一个具体的实例说明上述实施方式。
实例1：第一阈值为90％，第二阈值为85％，第三阈值为80％。当实时监测的血氧饱和度大于等于90％时，不触发任何动作，低于90％，并在此范围内持续10秒时(即第一持续时间为10秒)，显示模块的显示屏中的显示参数(即血氧饱和度)以0.5次/秒的频率(即第一频率)闪烁；低于85％，并在此范围内持续9秒时(即第二持续时间为9秒)，显示参数以1次/秒的频率(即第二频率)闪烁；低于80％，并在此范围内持续8秒时(即第三持续时间为8秒)，显示参数以2次/秒的频率(即第三频率)闪烁。
具体地，如下面的表1所示。
表1
  阈值 持续时间 频率
第一 90％ 10秒 0.5次/秒
第二 85％ 9秒 1次/秒
第三 80％ 8秒 2次/秒
本发明的上述实施方式的血氧仪，血氧饱和度越低，进行闪烁 的等待时间越短，闪烁的频率越高，从而能够进一步提高紧急情况下的警示效果。
上述实施方式中，虽然设定了3个阈值及与其相对应的3个持续时间和3个闪烁频率，但是本发明不限于此，也可以在存储单元3中存储阈值与持续时间和闪烁频率相对应的曲线，该曲线优选满足血氧饱和度越低，持续时间越短，闪烁频率越高。
另外，在判断为低于第一阈值的情况下，开始计算持续时间，如果在没有到达第一持续时间之前，血氧饱和度就低于第二阈值，则优选继续计算持续时间，而不重新计算持续时间。这样能够确保在血氧饱和度连续下降的情况下及时通过闪烁显示警示用户。
本实施方式的血氧仪1优选还包括输入单元7，通过输入单元7设定第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值、第一频率、第二频率、第三频率、第一持续时间、第二持续时间和第三持续时间中的至少一个。
输入单元7例如是按键，优选，按键是一个或多个在壳体内设置的从壳体表面凸起的弹性柱形按键，通过按下所述按键可以实现开关机、功能设置以及设置上述阈值、频率和持续时间。
另外，也可以不设置输入单元7，而将输入功能设置在显示单元5。例如显示单元5具有触摸控制功能，用户通过显示单元5实现上述输入控制。
另外，本实施方式的血氧仪1优选还包括无线通讯单元8，其接收来自移动终端的参数设置指令，并将报警信息发送至移动终端。用户可以通过移动终端与无线通讯单元8实现通信，对血氧仪1进行控制，或将血氧仪1检测到的数据传送给移动终端。
另外，本实施方式的血氧仪1优选还包括电源单元6，电池单元6可以为干电池或者可充电电池，对血氧仪1的各个部件进行供电。
另外，本实施方式的血氧仪1优选还包括I/O接口9，I/O接口9例如是USB接口。在电池单元6为可充电电池的情况下，可以通 过I/O接口9对电池单元6进行充电。
另外，I/O接口9可以作为外接其他血氧采集装置10的采集接口，这样可以连接传统的指夹式或者指套式的血氧采集装置，适合夜间或者长时监测。
另外，显示单元6，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，以第一字体显示所述血氧饱和度，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，以大于所述第一字体的第二字体显示所述血氧饱和度。在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，以大于所述第二字体的第三字体显示所述血氧饱和度。
另外，显示单元6，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，以第一亮度显示所述血氧饱和度，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，以大于所述第一亮度的第二亮度显示所述血氧饱和度。在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，以大于所述第二亮度的第三亮度显示所述血氧饱和度。
具体地，测量参数的显示字体随着等级放大展示，比如字体的大小可以是12*12像素改变到20*20像素，进一步改变到30*30像素。随着等级采用不同等级的背光强度的变化--比如低亮度，中等亮度，高亮度。亮度的改变可以通过改变显示屏供电电压实现，电压的改变可以通过串接不同的电阻值或通过PWM调节实现。为了更易查看闪烁效果，默认显示时采用小字体和低亮度，这是为了延长机器的使用时间，大字体或者高亮度则是为了引起注意，字体的大小和背光的显示级别可以设置。
另外，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，开始计算持续时间，在没有到达所述第一持续时间之前，所述血氧饱和度低于第二阈值的情况下，继续计算所述持续时间。
另外，显示单元6，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值且持续所述第一持续时间的情况下，进一步延迟预定的报警时长后，以所述第一频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
具体地，为了进一步增加报警的稳定性，加入延迟报警时长的判定。测得数据超过阈值时，计算持续时间，超过对应的持续时间，且延迟相应的报警时长后触发报警。
另外，显示单元6，根据异常程度的等级设定闪烁频率、显示字体、和/或显示亮度。所述异常程度的等级根据所述血氧饱和度的变化率或过阈值次数划分。
所述血氧饱和度的变化率基于如下公式1计算，
V i＝((a-1)*(A i-A i-1)/T+V i-1)/a      公式1
其中，a为调整系数，T为超限时间，V i是最新的实时变化率，V i-1是上一个实时变化率，A i是最新测量数据，A i-1是上一个测量数据。
因为当由于用户不当的设置导致阈值或/和延迟时间范围过大时，对于急剧的恶化可能响应不及时。而急剧恶化是值得关注的，动态变化提高报警的可靠性。
异常程度实际就是超限时间内数据的变化速度或者变化率或者过阈值次数，变化速度或变化率或过阈值次数越大异常程度越高。
比如数据变化速度为2％/超限时间，5％/超限时间，10％/超限时间，分别对应一级，二级，三级异常程度。变化率是最新测量数据和上次测量数据的差值，变化率有正变化率，有负变化率，正代表最新数值比上次数值大，例如描述血氧饱和度时代表数值在增长，负代表数值在降低，数值降低代表有恶化的趋势，为了避免单次数据差值的波动的影响，实际采用的变化率采用上述公式1计算，a可以根据数据的采集频率进行相应的调整，比如采集频率是120Hz时，a取值为32，采用该公式计算实际采用的变化率可以避免由于 干扰数据产生误报警。
另外，超限时间内测得数据过阈值次数描述如下：当测量数据首次超过阈值时计1次，数据回落到正常数值，数据再次超过阈值次数加1计为2，在持续时间段内依次累积(在超限时间内测得数据不够平稳，为了引起对数据波动的关注引入此机制)。
异常程度超过一预设值时，异常程度加大则延迟时长变短、阈值范围变小、频率变快。反之异常程度变低则延迟时长变长、阈值范围变大，频率变慢。
具体是当变化速度超过一预设值时，变化速度绝对值越大则阈值的设置范围越小和/或延迟时长越短和/或频率越快，否则对参数不予进行调整。相应的，当过阈值次数超过一预设值时，次数越大则阈值的设置范围越小和/或延迟时长越短和/或频率越快，否则对参数不予进行调整。
另外，延迟时间，例如上述第一持续时间、第二持续时间和第三持续时间中的至少一个，可以基于如下公式2自适应地计算，
T＝((Ht-Lt)/(B-1)*A+Lt)/(B-A)      公式2
其中，A是测得数据，B是设置的阈值，Ht是最大延迟时间，Lt是最小延迟时间。
当测得数据小于低阈值时，测得数据越小(异常程度越大)，延迟时间越小，则响应速度越快，假如测得数据是A，设置的阈值是B，测得数据满足报警时最大数值是B-1，此时对应最大延迟时间Ht，测得数据最小数值是0，此时对应最小的延迟时间Lt，延迟时间的设置兼顾了数据处理的便捷性和对于处理器处理能力的要求，对于数据间的关系，一次函数的计算量相对最小，同时需要加入报警的产生条件，推导出测得数据A和延迟时间T的关系如上述公式2，其中分子是由设定的最大延迟和最下延迟时间决定的一次函数组成，而分母是根据实际情况下产生报警的最低要求获得。
另外，所述显示单元6还显示累积未处理的报警信息。
产生报警之后可以由医护人员关闭报警或者持续一定时间未得到有效处理，且已经恢复到正常数值一段时间，报警关闭，并添加累积未报警提醒标志，不同阈值下的报警分别进行显示，该显示可以是数值，可以是图标等，设置标志是为了指示曾经有报警发生，引起注意，可以便于医护人员查看事件，指导护理。
以上虽然通过一些示例性的实施方式详细地描述了本发明的血氧仪，但是以上这些实施方式并不是穷举的，本领域技术人员可以在本发明的精神和范围内实现各种变化和修改。因此，本发明并不限于这些实施方式，本发明的范围仅以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种血氧仪，包括：
    血氧采集单元，其具有第一光发射单元、第二光发射单元和光接收传感器，所述第一光发射单元发射红光，所述第二光发射单元发射红外光，所述光接收传感器接收所述第一光发射单元发射并未被人体吸收的红光和所述第二光发射单元发射并未被人体吸收的红外光，并将其转换为电信号；
    存储单元，其存储有第一阈值；
    微处理器，其基于由所述光接收传感器检测到的电信号计算人体的血氧饱和度，并包括判断单元，所述判断单元判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第一阈值；和
    显示单元，其在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，以第一频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述存储单元还存储有小于所述第一阈值的第二阈值，
    所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第二阈值，
    所述显示单元在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，以大于所述第一频率的第二频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述存储单元还存储有小于所述第二阈值的第三阈值，
    所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，判断所述血氧饱和度是否低于所述第三阈值，
    所述显示单元在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，以大于所述第二频率的第三频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述存储单元还存储有第一持续时间，
    所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第一持续时间，
    所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值且持续所述第一持续时间的情况下，以所述第一频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述存储单元还存储有小于等于所述第一持续时间的第二持续时间，
    所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第二持续时间，
    所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值且持续所述第二持续时间的情况下，以所述第二频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述存储单元还存储有小于等于所述第二持续时间的第三持续时间，
    所述判断单元在判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，判断在该情况下持续的时间是否超过所述第三持续时间，
    所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值且持续所述第三持续时间的情况下，以所述第三频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6的任一项所述的血氧仪，还包括输入单元，所述输入单元用于设定第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值、第一频率、第二频率、第三频率、第一持续时间、第二持续时间和第三持续时间中的至少一个。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6的任一项所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述显示单元还显示累积未处理的报警信息。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6的任一项所述的血氧仪，还包括无线通讯 单元，其接收来自移动终端的参数设置指令，并将报警信息发送至移动终端。
  10. 根据权利要求1-6的任一项所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述血氧仪是指夹血氧仪、腕式血氧仪或头戴式血氧仪，
    所述指夹血氧仪的血氧采集单元包括可以放入手指的内凹式血氧采集口，在所述内凹式血氧采集口内设置所述第一光发射单元、所述第二光发射单元和所述光接收传感器，
    所述腕式血氧仪的血氧采集单元包括设置于壳体外部的血氧指夹，所述血氧指夹与设置于所述壳体的接口连接。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，以第一字体显示所述血氧饱和度，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，以大于所述第一字体的第二字体显示所述血氧饱和度。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，以大于所述第二字体的第三字体显示所述血氧饱和度。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的情况下，以第一亮度显示所述血氧饱和度，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第二阈值的情况下，以大于所述第一亮度的第二亮度显示所述血氧饱和度。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第三阈值的情况下，以大于所述第二亮度的第三亮度显示所述血氧饱和度。
  15. 根据权利要求4所述的血氧仪，其中，
    在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值的 情况下，开始计算持续时间，在没有到达所述第一持续时间之前，所述血氧饱和度低于第二阈值的情况下，继续计算所述持续时间。
  16. 根据权利要求4所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述显示单元，在所述判断单元判断为所述血氧饱和度低于所述第一阈值且持续所述第一持续时间的情况下，进一步延迟预定的报警时长后，以所述第一频率闪烁显示所述血氧饱和度。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述显示单元，根据异常程度的等级设定闪烁频率、显示字体、和/或显示亮度。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述异常程度的等级根据所述血氧饱和度的变化率或过阈值次数划分。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述血氧饱和度的变化率基于如下公式1计算，
    V i＝((a-1)*(A i-A i-1)/T+V i-1)/a     公式1
    其中，a为调整系数，T为超限时间，V i是最新的实时变化率，V i-1是上一个实时变化率，A i是最新测量数据，A i-1是上一个测量数据。
  20. 根据权利要求4-6的任一项所述的血氧仪，其中，
    所述第一持续时间、第二持续时间和第三持续时间中的至少一个基于如下公式2计算，
    T＝((Ht-Lt)/(B-1)*A+Lt)/(B-A)       公式2
    其中，A是测得数据，B是设置的阈值，Ht是最大延迟时间，Lt是最小延迟时间。
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