WO2020034347A1 - 一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架 - Google Patents

一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020034347A1
WO2020034347A1 PCT/CN2018/108913 CN2018108913W WO2020034347A1 WO 2020034347 A1 WO2020034347 A1 WO 2020034347A1 CN 2018108913 W CN2018108913 W CN 2018108913W WO 2020034347 A1 WO2020034347 A1 WO 2020034347A1
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Prior art keywords
axle
permanent magnet
traction
motor
wheelbase
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PCT/CN2018/108913
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马晓光
赵旭东
祝航
胡定祥
贾小平
徐步震
成明金
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中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司
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Publication of WO2020034347A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034347A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a small-wheelbase compact permanent magnet motor holding axle mounting type direct drive bogie, and belongs to the technical field of rail vehicle bogies.
  • the traditional bogie In the structure design of the traditional bogie, it is generally driven by an AC asynchronous traction motor.
  • the motor requires excitation of the rotor coil, so the efficiency is not high enough, the energy consumption is large, and the motor is elastically or rigidly mounted on the frame. Disturbances and transmission torques need to be provided with complex couplings, gearboxes and other mechanisms.
  • This type of bogie has a complicated structure and low transmission efficiency.
  • the bogie has a large wheel-to-wheelbase, a large wheel diameter, and a large weight.
  • the small curve of the bogie is difficult to significantly improve performance indicators such as performance, curve wheel rim wear, and energy saving.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a permanent magnet motor shaft-mounted permanent magnet direct drive bogie.
  • the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are:
  • a small wheelbase compact permanent-magnet motor shaft-mounted direct-drive bogie includes a pair of parallel frame devices, and two rotating axles are arranged between the two frame devices, and a drive is installed in the middle position of the axles.
  • a rotating permanent magnet synchronous traction motor. Wheels running on the track are provided at the position of the axle near the frame device.
  • a connecting beam is provided between the two frame devices.
  • a double traction rod device and a double traction rod device are provided on the connecting beam. It is rotatably arranged on the connecting beam.
  • the upper surface of the double traction rod device is provided with a mounting plate, which is fixedly connected to the rail vehicle.
  • the mounting plate has a center pin. Device.
  • a rubber stack suspension device is arranged between the axle and the frame device.
  • a mounting seat is mounted on the axle, one side of the mounting seat is a triangular elastic supporting device, the triangular elastic supporting device is connected to a double traction rod device, and the connection between the mounting seat and the triangular elastic supporting device is elastic. Node one, the outer end of the triangle elastic supporting device is provided with an elastic node two for buckling to the connecting beam.
  • the dual traction rod device includes a traction body rotating on a connecting beam, a rubber sleeve is installed at the center of the traction body, and two ends of the traction body are respectively provided with a traction rod, and the traction rod and the traction body are hinged laterally.
  • a traction stop compound seat is provided on the traction rod.
  • the surface of the second series air spring suspension device is an air spring, and an inner side is an elastic buffer rubber stop.
  • the elastic buffer rubber stop is provided with a horizontal gear mount, and an anti-overcharge protection is installed on the horizontal gear mount.
  • a horizontal vibration damper is provided between the steel wire rope, the secondary air spring suspension device and the mounting plate.
  • a vertical shock absorber is provided on a side of the frame device, and an upper end of the vertical shock absorber is connected to a rail vehicle.
  • a tread base braking device is provided between the inside of the frame device and the wheel.
  • the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor has a rotor and a stator, the rotor is located outside the axle, and the stator is located outside the rotor; one end of the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor is sequentially wrapped with a bearing inner retaining ring along the axis of the axle. Roller bearings, bearing inner retaining ring two, the end of the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor is also equipped with a motor end cover; the other end of the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor is provided with a spacer ring 1, a spacer ring 2, a four-point ball bearing, Spacer 2 is wrapped outside the axle. Spacer 1 is located outside the spacer 2.
  • Four-point ball bearing is located outside the axle.
  • the four-point ball bearing and the spacer 1 are equipped with a motor end cover 2.
  • the two sides of the motor end cover are buckled on
  • a bearing gland is installed at the opening on the other side.
  • the driving motor used in the traditional bogie is an asynchronous motor.
  • the present invention uses a permanent magnet synchronous traction motor.
  • the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor uses a permanent magnet structure, which does not require power consumption. It has high efficiency and small size compared to asynchronous motors. Light weight, energy saving and environmental protection advantages;
  • the wheel adopts a small wheel diameter design that matches the performance of the permanent magnet motor.
  • the wheel diameter is 660 ⁇ 760mm, which significantly reduces the rim wear of the wheel;
  • the permanent magnet synchronous traction axle is installed on the axle of the wheel-to-axle box device.
  • the two ends of the rotor are mounted on the axle of the vehicle through interference pressure.
  • the middle of the axle is provided with a groove to release the bending deformation of the axle.
  • Two cylindrical roller bearings on the left and right sides are supported on the axle, and the vertical vibration is supported by the two cylindrical roller bearings.
  • the four-point ball bearing on the right side is used for lateral positioning and lateral vibration.
  • the upper and lower elastic nodes of the triangular elastic support device are fastened with bolts and supported on the frame device through another longitudinally slotted elastic node.
  • the triangular elastic support device increases the force arm that balances the traction braking torque of the motor, reducing The force of the small frame, meanwhile, the device has a small lateral and longitudinal positioning stiffness to a series of rubber stack suspension devices, which ensures the small curve passing performance of the bogie;
  • the motor shaft-mounted permanent magnet direct drive bogie of the present invention is provided with a second series air spring suspension device for lateral limit, and the elastic buffer rubber stopper is installed on the horizontal block mounting seat of the vehicle body, and the vehicle body is blocked horizontally.
  • the elastic buffer rubber stopper on one side abuts the traction stop compound seat on the corresponding side, so that the vehicle body is laterally limited;
  • the frame of the motor shaft-mounted permanent magnet direct drive bogie of the present invention is provided with a traction stop compound seat, the two ends of the longitudinal traction tie rod are respectively connected to the traction stop compound seat and the traction body, and rubber is installed at the center of the traction body.
  • the sleeve is adapted to the rotation of the frame relative to the rail vehicle.
  • the lower part of the center pin is installed in the rubber sleeve, and the upper portion is fixed to the vehicle body by bolts.
  • the horizontal and vertical movements of the second series make the vertical and lateral stiffness of the secondary system small, which improves the ride comfort.
  • the motor shaft-mounted permanent magnet direct drive bogie of the present invention also has a two-series vertical shock absorber that connects the rail vehicle side frame and the rail vehicle body at both ends, and the second system that connects the frame device and the traction center pin. Air spring suspension.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a front view of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a left-view structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bottom structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor
  • FIG. 7 is an arrow A view of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a triangular elastic supporting device
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting base
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary suspension device according to the present invention.
  • 1 frame device
  • 2 first series rubber stack suspension device
  • 3 wheel pair axle box device
  • 4 permanent magnet synchronous traction motor
  • 5 triangle elastic support device
  • 6 second series air spring suspension device
  • 7 Tread base braking device
  • 8 double traction rod device
  • 9 rotor
  • 10 stator
  • 11 bearing inner retaining ring 1
  • 12 motor end cover 1
  • 13 cylindrical roller bearing
  • 14 bearing inner retaining ring 2
  • 15 bearing gland
  • 16 motor end cover two
  • 17 spacer one
  • 18 spacer two
  • 19 four-point ball bearing
  • 20 axle
  • 21 wheel
  • 22 mounting seat
  • 23 elastic node
  • 24 elastic joint two
  • 25 center pin
  • 26 traction body
  • 27 traction tie rod
  • 28 rubber sleeve
  • 29 traction stop compound seat
  • 30 air spring
  • 31 vertical shock absorber
  • 32 horizontal shock absorber
  • 33 overcharge-resistant steel wire rope
  • the motor has a shaft-mounted permanent magnet direct drive bogie.
  • the bogie is used to be installed below a rail vehicle and used for steering during the running of the rail vehicle.
  • the four wheel-set axle box devices are in a rectangular array Arranged under the rail vehicle, two wheel-set axle box devices adjacent to each other in the forward direction of the rail vehicle are connected by a frame device, and two wheel-set axle box devices located on the left and right symmetrical sides of the rail vehicle in the forward direction are synchronized by permanent magnets.
  • the motor is connected and driven; the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor drives the wheel-to-axle box device forward.
  • the two frame devices are symmetrically located on the left and right sides of the rail vehicle in the forward direction, and the middle of each frame device extends toward the centerline position of the rail vehicle.
  • the two frame devices pass the double traction rod device at the centerline position of the rail vehicle.
  • the double traction rod device is used for connection with a rail vehicle; the double traction rod device is connected to a frame device on both sides of the rail vehicle.
  • the triangular elastic supporting device is connected with a permanent magnet synchronous traction motor and a double traction rod device.
  • the triangular elastic supporting device can not only play a role of connection, but also play a buffering role.
  • a rubber stack suspension device is arranged between each wheel pair axle box device and a corresponding frame device.
  • a rubber stack suspension device buffers the vertical vibration of the rail vehicle during walking.
  • One end of the rubber stack is connected to the frame device by bolts, and one end is connected to the wheel-to-axle box device.
  • a secondary air spring suspension device is arranged above the center of each frame device.
  • the second series air spring suspension device is used to buffer the vertical and horizontal shaking during the running of the rail vehicle, and improve the stability during the running of the rail vehicle.
  • Two tread braking devices are provided on opposite sides of the two frame devices, and the two tread braking devices of each frame device are respectively used to connect the corresponding frame device and the wheels at the front and rear ends of the frame device. To the axle box device.
  • the two ends of the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor are mounted on the axle of the wheel-to-axle box device in an interference manner, the axle passes through the center of the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor; the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor pulls the axle to rotate, thereby driving the track The vehicle is driving.
  • a motor end cover On the stator side of the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor, a motor end cover is installed.
  • the motor end cover is located on the axle through a cylindrical roller bearing.
  • the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing is laterally fixed by a bearing outer ring gland.
  • the inner side of the inner ring of the roller bearing 1 is horizontally blocked on the axle by the inner ring of the bearing, and the outer side of the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 1 is positioned laterally by the outer ring of the bearing that interferes with the axle; the stator of the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor
  • the motor end cover 2 is located on the axle through a cylindrical roller bearing 2.
  • a four-point ball bearing is also installed between the motor end cover 2 and the axle.
  • the cylindrical roller bearing 2 is located on the stator and the four Between the ball bearings, the outer ring of the two-point cylindrical roller bearing and the four-point ball bearing are separated by a spacer one, and the inner ring of the two-point cylindrical roller bearing and the four-point ball bearing are separated by a spacer ring 2,
  • the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 2 is laterally fixed by the bearing outer ring gland.
  • the inner ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 2 is laterally blocked on the axle by the bearing inner ring.
  • the outer ring of the cylindrical roller bearing 2 passes through the interference.
  • the lateral positioning is achieved by the outer retaining ring of the bearing limited on the wheel; among them, the function of the bearing inner retaining ring 1, the bearing inner retaining ring 2, the spacer 1, and the spacer 2 is positioning, and the cylindrical roller bearing and the four-point ball bearing
  • the function of the motor is bearing, and the function of the motor end cover 1 and the motor end cover 2 is bearing protection.
  • each permanent magnet synchronous traction motor is provided with a plurality of mounting bases, and the triangular elastic supporting device has three elastic nodes, two of which are connected to the mounting base, and the other elastic node is connected to the frame device. A gap is left between the elastic node and the triangular elastic supporting device and the frame device, so that the longitudinal rigidity of the elastic node is small.
  • the dual traction rod device is located at the front and rear ends of the rail vehicle in the direction of travel.
  • a plurality of center pins are provided.
  • the center pin is used to connect the dual traction rod device to the bottom of the rail vehicle.
  • a rubber sleeve and a rubber sleeve are installed below the center pin.
  • a traction body is installed on the outside, the rubber sleeve passes through the center of the traction body, traction rods are respectively installed at two ends of the traction body, and the frame device is provided with two traction stop compound seats. The ends are connected to corresponding traction stop composite seats, which are located at both ends of the double traction tie rod device respectively.
  • the traction stop composite seats are welded to the connecting beam, and the traction tie rods are connected to it by bolts.
  • the main function is to transmit tractive force; the turning force of the rail vehicle occurs during steering.
  • the turning force is transmitted to the dual traction rod device through the mounting plate, and the rotational force of the dual traction rod device is transmitted to the traction stop compound seat through the traction rod.
  • Traction stop compound seat provides resistance to avoid oversteer of rail vehicles.
  • the second series air spring suspension device comprises an air spring, a vertical shock absorber, a horizontal shock absorber, an anti-overcharge steel wire rope and a transverse gear mounting seat.
  • the air spring falls on the frame device to carry the upper body load.
  • Elastic buffer, vertical shock absorber and horizontal shock absorber are installed on a set of opposite sides of the air spring, used to connect the rail vehicle and the frame device.
  • the horizontal gear mount is provided between the horizontal shock absorber and the air spring. For mounting on a rail vehicle to connect the rail vehicle to the frame device.
  • the side of the horizontal gear mounting seat facing the air spring is equipped with an elastic buffer rubber stop. The rubber stop is to limit the lateral displacement between the car body and the bogie.
  • the gear mount is also provided with an anti-overcharge wire rope, which is located on the opposite side of the elastic buffer rubber stop to prevent the air spring from being overcharged;
  • the horizontal shock absorber has one end connected to the coupling beam and one end connected to the vehicle body The connection is mainly to restrain the lateral swing during the running of the vehicle.
  • a groove is provided in the middle of the axle to release the bending deformation of the axle.
  • the motor shaft-mounted permanent magnet direct drive bogie of the present invention uses a permanent magnet synchronous traction motor, which eliminates the rotor excitation energy, improves the motor efficiency, further improves the transmission efficiency after eliminating the gear box device, and reduces the shaft of the bogie.
  • Distance its advantages of energy saving, environmental protection and small curve passing ability can be widely used in various types of urban rail transit vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，包括一对构架装置（1），之间设置有车轴（20），车轴（20）的中间安装有永磁同步牵引电机（4），车轴（20）靠构架装置（1）设置有轮对轴箱装置（3），两构架装置（1）之间还设置有连接横梁，连接横梁上设置有双牵引拉杆装置（8），双牵引拉杆装置（8）的上表面具有安装板，安装板与轨道车辆固定连接。该小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，结构简单，传动效率较高，转向架的小曲线通过性能、曲线车轮轮缘磨耗、节能性等得到提高。

Description

一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架 技术领域
本发明涉及一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，属于轨道车辆转向架技术领域。
背景技术
在传统转向架的结构设计中，一般采用交流异步牵引电机驱动，电机需要转子线圈励磁，因此效率不够高，能耗大，电机弹性或刚性安装在构架上，为了适应电机与轮对间的动态扰动及传递力矩需要设置复杂的联轴节和齿轮箱等机构，这种转向架结构复杂，传动效率较低，并且该转向架的轮对轴距较大、车轮直径较大、重量大，使转向架的小曲线通过性能、曲线车轮轮缘磨耗、节能等性能指标难以显著提升。
发明内容
本发明需要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术的不足，而提供一种永磁电机抱轴安装式永磁直驱转向架。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，包括一对平行的构架装置，两个构架装置之间设置有两根转动的车轴，所述车轴的中间位置安装有驱动去转动的永磁同步牵引电机，车轴靠近构架装置的位置设置有行驶于轨道上的车轮，两个构架装置之间还设置有连接横梁，连接横梁上设置有双牵引拉杆装置，双牵引拉杆装置于连接横梁上转动设置，所述双牵引拉杆装置的上表面具有安装板，该安装板与轨道车辆固定连接，安装板上具有中心销，所述构架装置的中间位置设置有二系空气弹簧悬挂装置。
作为进一步的优选方案，所述车轴与构架装置之间设置有一系橡胶堆悬挂装置。
作为进一步的优选方案，所述车轴上安装有安装座，安装座的一侧为三角形弹性支撑装置，三角形弹性支撑装置连接双牵引拉杆装置，所述安装座与三角形弹性支撑装置的连接处为弹性节点一，三角形弹性支撑装置外端具有用于扣接在连接横梁的弹性节点二。
作为进一步的优选方案，所述双牵引拉杆装置包括在连接横梁上转动的牵引体，牵引体的中心位置安装有橡胶套，牵引体的两端分别设置一个牵引拉杆，牵引拉杆与牵引体横向铰接。
作为进一步的优选方案，所述牵引拉杆上设置有牵引止挡复合座。
作为进一步的优选方案，所述二系空气弹簧悬挂装置的表面为空气弹簧，内侧为弹性缓冲橡胶止挡，弹性缓冲橡胶止挡上具有横向档安装座，横向档安装座上安装有防过充钢丝绳，二系空气弹簧悬挂装置与安装板之间设置有水平方向减振器。
作为进一步的优选方案，所述构架装置的侧面设置有竖直方向减振器，竖直方向减振器的上端连接轨道车辆。
作为进一步的优选方案，所述构架装置的内侧与车轮之间设置有踏面基础制动装置。
作为进一步的优选方案，所述永磁同步牵引电机内具有转子和定子，转子位于车轴外，定子位于转子外；永磁同步牵引电机的一端沿车轴轴向依次包裹有轴承内挡圈一、圆柱滚子轴承、轴承内挡圈二，永磁同步牵引电机的该端部还安装有电机端盖一；永磁同步牵引电机的另一端设置有隔圈一、隔圈二、 四点球轴承，隔圈二包裹于车轴外，隔圈一位于隔圈二外，四点球轴承位于车轴外，四点球轴承和隔圈一外安装有电机端盖二，电机端盖二一侧扣接在永磁同步牵引电机上，另一侧开口处安装有轴承压盖。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)传统的转向架采用的驱动电机是异步电机，本发明采用永磁同步牵引电机，永磁同步电机转子采用永磁体结构，不需要耗电，相对于异步电机具有效率高，体积小，重量轻，节能环保的优点；
(2)将传统的异步电机与齿轮箱联轴节配合使用的方式变为采用永磁同步牵引电机抱轴安装直接驱动，省去齿轮箱和联轴节等机械传动机构，进一步提高了效率。
(3)永磁电机与车轴抱轴安装后，省去齿轮箱和联轴节，节约了转向架的纵向空间，有利于构架的轻量化设计和缩小转向架了轴距，轴距可为1600～1900mm，显著提升转向架的小曲线通过性能线，并使得转向架结构紧凑；
(4)车轮采用与永磁电机性能相匹配的小轮径设计，车轮直径为660～760mm，显著降低车轮的轮缘磨耗；
(4)永磁同步牵引抱轴安装于轮对轴箱装置的车轴上，转子两端通过过盈压装在车车轴上，车轴中部设有凹槽，用来释放车轴的弯曲变形，定子通过左右两侧的两个圆柱滚子轴承支撑在车轴上，并通过两个圆柱滚子轴承承受垂向振动，通过右侧的四点球轴承进行横向定位和承受横向振动，电机定子外壳上下分别与三角形弹性支撑装置的上下两个弹性节点用螺栓紧固，并通过另一个纵向开槽的弹性节点支撑在构架装置上，通过三角形弹性支撑装置，增大平衡电机牵引制动力矩的力臂，减小构架的受力，同时该装置对一系橡胶堆悬挂装置附加横向和纵向定位刚度较小，保证转向架的小曲线通过性能；
(5)本发明电机抱轴安装式永磁直驱转向架设有用于横向限位的二系空气弹簧悬挂装置，安装在车体的横向挡安装座上安装有弹性缓冲橡胶止挡，挡车体横向移动到极限位置时，一侧的弹性缓冲橡胶止挡顶住相应侧的牵引止挡复合座，使车体横向得到限位；
(6)本发明电机抱轴安装式永磁直驱转向架的构架上设有牵引止挡复合座，纵向牵引拉杆两端分别与牵引止挡复合座和牵引体连接，牵引体中心安装有橡胶套，适应构架相对于轨道车辆的转动，中心销下部安装于橡胶套中，上部通过螺栓与车体固定，该双牵引拉杆装置通过牵引拉杆两端的弹性节点扭转和偏转来适应构架相对于车体的横移和垂向运动，使得二系附加的垂向和横向刚度较小，提高乘坐的舒适性；
(7)本发明电机抱轴安装式永磁直驱转向架还具有两端分别连接轨道车辆侧架与轨道车辆车体二系竖直方向减振器，连接构架装置与牵引中心销的二系空气弹簧悬挂装置。
附图说明
图1为本发明主视结构示意；
图2为本发明俯视结构示意图；
图3为本发明左视结构示意图；
图4为本发明仰视结构示意图；
图5为本发明立体结构示意图；
图6为永磁同步电机剖面示意图；
图7是图6的A向视图；
图8为三角形弹性支撑装置结构示意图；
图9是安装座结构示意图；
图10为本发明局部结构示意图；
图11为本发明二系悬挂装置结构示意图；
其中，1—构架装置，2—一系橡胶堆悬挂装置，3—轮对轴箱装置，4—永磁同步牵引电机，5—三角形弹性支撑装置，6—二系空气弹簧悬挂装置，7—踏面基础制动装置，8—双牵引拉杆装置，9—转子，10—定子，11—轴承内挡圈一，12—电机端盖一，13—圆柱滚子轴承，14—轴承内挡圈二，15—轴承压盖，16—电机端盖二，17—隔圈一，18—隔圈二，19—四点球轴承，20—车轴，21—车轮，22—安装座，23—弹性节点一，24—弹性节点二，25—中心销，26—牵引体，27—牵引拉杆，28—橡胶套，29—牵引止挡复合座，30—空气弹簧，31—竖直方向减振器，32—水平方向减振器，33—防过充钢丝绳，34—横向档安装座，35—弹性缓冲橡胶止挡。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的优选技术方案。
如图1所示，本发明的结合附图可见，本电机抱轴安装式永磁直驱转向架，该转向架用于安装在轨道车辆下方，用于轨道车辆行驶过程中转向，该转向架包括两个构架装置、两个永磁同步牵引电机、两个三角形弹性支撑装置、四个轮对轴箱装置(车轮及其相关组件的总称)，所述四个轮对轴箱装置呈矩形阵列布置在轨道车辆下方，位于轨道车辆前进方向的前后相邻的两个轮对轴箱装置通过构架装置连接，位于轨道车辆前进方向左右对称两侧的两个轮对轴箱装置通过永磁同步牵引电机连接并驱动；永磁同步牵引电机驱动轮对轴箱装置前进。
所述两个构架装置对称位于轨道车辆前进方向左右两侧，所述每个构架装置中间均朝向轨道车辆的中心线位置延伸，两个构架装置通过在轨道车辆的中心线位置的双牵引拉杆装置连接，所述双牵引拉杆装置用于与轨道车辆连接；双牵引拉杆装置连接位于轨道车辆两侧的构架装置。
所述三角形弹性支撑装置连接永磁同步牵引电机和双牵引拉杆装置。三角形弹性支撑装置不仅能起到连接的作用，而且能起到缓冲的作用。
所述每个轮对轴箱装置和对应的构架装置之间均设置有一系橡胶堆悬挂装置。一系橡胶堆悬挂装置缓冲轨道车辆在行走过程中垂直方向的震动，一系橡胶堆一端是与构架装置通过螺栓相联接，一端与轮对轴箱装置联接。
所述每个构架装置的中心上方均设置有二系空气弹簧悬挂装置。二系空气弹簧悬挂装置用于缓冲轨道车辆行驶过程中垂直方向和水平方向的晃动，提高轨道车辆行驶过程中的稳定性。
所述两个构架装置的相向一侧均设置有两个踏面制动装置，所述每个构架装置的两个踏面制动装置分别用于连接对应的构架装置和位于该构架装置前后两端的轮对轴箱装置。
所述永磁同步牵引电机的转子两端过盈安装在轮对轴箱装置的车轴上，所述车轴从永磁同步牵引电机的中心穿过；永磁同步牵引电机牵引车轴旋转，进而带动轨道车辆行驶。
永磁同步牵引电机的定子一侧安装有电机端盖一，电机端盖一通过圆柱滚子轴承一坐落在车轴上，圆柱滚子轴承一的外圈用轴承外圈压盖进行横向固定，圆柱滚子轴承一的内圈内侧通过轴承内挡圈横向挡在车轴上，圆柱滚子轴承一的内圈外侧通过过盈在车轴上的轴承外挡圈进行横向定位；永磁同步牵引电机的定子另一侧安装有电机端盖二，电机端盖二通过圆柱滚子轴承二坐落在车轴上，电机端盖二与车轴间还安装有四点球轴承，该圆柱滚子轴承二位于定子与四点球轴承之间，圆柱滚子轴承二和四点球轴承的外圈之间用隔圈一隔开，圆柱滚子轴承二和四点球轴承的内圈之间用隔圈二隔开，圆柱滚子轴承二的外圈用轴承外圈压盖进行横向固定，圆柱滚子轴承二的内圈内侧通过轴承内挡圈横向挡在车轴上，圆柱滚子轴承二的内圈外侧通过过盈在车轴上，且通过限位在车轮上的轴承外挡圈进行横向定位；其中，轴承内挡圈一、轴承内挡圈二、隔圈一、隔圈二的功能为定位，圆柱滚子轴承、四点球轴承的功能为承载，电机端盖一、电机端盖二的功能为轴承防护。
所述每个永磁同步牵引电机的定子表面均设置有若干个安装座，所述三角形弹性支撑装置有三个弹性节点，其中两个弹性节点与安装座连接，另一个弹性节点与构架装置连接，所述该弹性节点与三角形弹性支撑装置和构架装置之间均留有间隙，使得该弹性节点的纵向刚度较小。
所述双牵引拉杆装置位于轨道车辆行驶的方向前后两端均设置有若干个中心销，所述中心销用于将双牵引拉杆装置连接到轨道车辆下方，中心销下部安装有橡胶套，橡胶套外部安装有牵引体，所述橡胶套从牵引体的中心穿过，牵引体的两端分别安装牵引拉杆，所述构架装置设置有两个牵引止挡复合座，所述每个牵引拉杆27的末端均与对应的牵引止挡复合座连接，所述两个牵引止挡复合座分别位于双牵引拉杆装置的两端，牵引止挡复合座是焊接于联接横梁上的，牵引拉杆通过螺栓与其联接，主要功能是传递牵引力；轨道车辆在转向时发生转动力，转动力通过安装板传递至双牵引拉杆装置，而双牵引拉杆装置的转动力又会通过牵引拉杆传递到牵引止挡复合座上，牵引止挡复合座提供阻力，避免轨道车辆的过度转向。
所述二系空气弹簧悬挂装置包括空气弹簧、竖直向减振器、水平向减振器、防过充钢丝绳和横向档安装座，所述空气弹簧落于构架装置上，为承载上体载荷弹性缓冲，竖直向减振器和水平向减振器安装于空气弹簧的一组相对侧，用于连接轨道车辆与构架装置，横向档安装座设置在水平向减振器与空气弹簧之间，用于安装于轨道车辆上连接轨道车辆与构架装置，横向档安装座朝向空气弹簧的一侧装有弹性缓冲橡胶止挡，橡胶止挡为限制车体与转向架之间的横向位移，横向档安装座还设置有防过充钢丝绳，所述防过充钢丝绳位于弹性缓冲橡胶止挡的相对侧，防止空气弹簧过充；水平方向减振器，其一端与联接横梁联接，一端与车体联接，主要是抑制车辆运行过程中的横向摆动。
车轴中部设有凹槽，用来释放车轴的弯曲变形。
本发明电机抱轴安装式永磁直驱转向架采用永磁同步牵引电机，省去了转子励磁电能，提高了电机效率，省去齿轮箱装置后进一步提高传动效率，且缩小了转向架的轴距，其节能、环保和小曲线通过能能力强的优势可广泛应用于各型城市轨道交通车辆。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在于：包括一对平行的构架装置(1)，两个构架装置(1)之间设置有两根转动的车轴(20)，所述车轴(20)的中间位置安装有驱动去转动的永磁同步牵引电机(4)，车轴(20)靠近构架装置(1)的位置设置有行驶于轨道上的车轮(21)，两个构架装置(1)之间还设置有连接横梁，连接横梁上设置有双牵引拉杆装置(8)，双牵引拉杆装置(8)于连接横梁上转动设置，所述双牵引拉杆装置(8)的上表面具有安装板，该安装板与轨道车辆固定连接，安装板上具有中心销(25)，所述构架装置(1)的中间位置设置有二系空气弹簧悬挂装置(6)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在于：所述车轴(20)与构架装置(1)之间设置有一系橡胶堆悬挂装置(2)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在于：所述车轴(20)上安装有安装座(22)，安装座(22)的一侧为三角形弹性支撑装置(5)，三角形弹性支撑装置(5)连接双牵引拉杆装置(8)，所述安装座(22)与三角形弹性支撑装置(5)的连接处为弹性节点一(23)，三角形弹性支撑装置(5)外端具有用于扣接在连接横梁的弹性节点二(24)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在于：所述双牵引拉杆装置(8)包括在连接横梁上转动的牵引体(26)，牵引体(26)的中心位置安装有橡胶套(28)，牵引体(26)的两端分别设置一个牵引拉杆(27)，牵引拉杆(27)与牵引体(26)横向铰接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在于：所述牵引拉杆(27)上设置有牵引止挡复合座(29)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在于：所述二系空气弹簧悬挂装置(6)的表面为空气弹簧(30)，内侧为弹性缓冲橡胶止挡(35)，弹性缓冲橡胶止挡(35)上具有横向档安装座(34)，横向档安装座(34)上安装有防过充钢丝绳(33)；所述连接横梁与轨道车辆之间设置有水平方向减振器(32)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在于：所述构架装置(1)的侧面设置有竖直方向减振器(31)，竖直方向减振器(31)的上端连接轨道车辆。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在于：所述构架装置(1)的内侧与车轮(21)之间设置有踏面基础制动装置(7)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小轴距紧凑型永磁电机抱轴安装式直驱转向架，其特征在 于：所述永磁同步牵引电机(4)内具有转子(9)和定子(10)，转子(9)位于车轴(20)外，定子(10)位于转子(9)外；永磁同步牵引电机(4)的一端沿车轴(20)轴向依次包裹有轴承内挡圈一(11)、圆柱滚子轴承(13)、轴承内挡圈二(14)，永磁同步牵引电机(4)的该端部还安装有电机端盖一(12)；永磁同步牵引电机(4)的另一端设置有隔圈一(17)、隔圈二(18)、四点球轴承(19)，隔圈二(18)包裹于车轴(20)外，隔圈一(17)位于隔圈二(18)外，四点球轴承(19)位于车轴(20)外，四点球轴承(19)和隔圈一(17)外安装有电机端盖二(16)，电机端盖二(16)一侧扣接在永磁同步牵引电机(4)上，另一侧开口处安装有轴承压盖(15)。
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