WO2020030616A1

WO2020030616A1 - Heating device

Info

Publication number: WO2020030616A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/071067
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wolfgang MUSELMANN; Peter Wickelmaier
Original assignee: Truma Gerätetechnik GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date: 2018-08-10
Filing date: 2019-08-06
Publication date: 2020-02-13
Also published as: DE102018006300A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating device (1) for heating a medium with a heating source (2) and a medium container (3). The medium container (3) has two medium connections (31, 32) which are located at different heights along a longitudinal axis (30) of the medium container (3). The medium container (3) has multiple medium-guiding regions (33, 34) between the two medium connections (31, 32), which are assigned to different heights along the longitudinal axis (30). The medium container (3) has multiple partition walls (4) which are arranged between the medium-guiding regions (33, 34); between the medium-guiding regions (33, 34) there are medium passages (5) for a transition of the medium. Also present are means (45, 4, 7) for an exchange of heat between at least two medium-guiding regions (33, 34).

Description

heater

The present invention relates to a heating device for heating a medium. Depending on the design, the heating device can also be described as a boiler or as part of a heating / hot water system.

Boilers allow heated water - e.g. B. for a shower process - to be taken from a water container. The refilled fresh water has a significantly lower temperature. It would therefore be very unpleasant for the user if the cold water came directly to the exit immediately after the hot water. This problem - a thermal short-circuit, as it were - relates in particular to a dynamic state in which hot water is removed and cold water is refilled into the water tank.

If the water tank has a certain height, the probability of a direct flow of the cold water to the outlet during the removal of the heated water is sufficiently low due to the water column alone. In the event that there is only a small height, the path between inflow and outflow is shortened accordingly, so that the risk increases that the incoming cold water is mixed with the outflowing hot water.

DE 25 28 179 A1 discloses a device for preparing hot liquids. In this case, several intermediate washers, which have a quarter-circular cross-section, are located on a support in a liquid container. A spiral movement of the liquid is brought about by the disks.

DE 691 26 594 T2 discloses a container for water to be heated with a zigzag path.

DE 41 41 444 A1 describes a tank for hot water distribution with partition walls. The object of the invention is to reduce the risk in a heating device that cold fresh water reaches the water outlet directly while hot water is being withdrawn.

The invention solves the problem by a heating device for heating a medium, the heating device having a heating source and a medium container. The medium container has a plurality of medium connections, the two medium connections being located at different heights along a longitudinal axis of the medium container. The medium container has a plurality - ie at least two - of medium-carrying areas between the two medium connections, the medium-carrying areas being assigned different heights along the longitudinal axis.

The heating device according to the invention has a heating source which generates the thermal energy and a medium container in which the medium to be heated is located. The heat source preferably transfers the heat to the medium via the medium container. The medium container has two medium connections, which are preferably used for the inflow or outflow of the medium. Both medium connections are at different heights along a longitudinal axis. In one embodiment, the medium connection serving as the inlet is located deeper along the earth's attraction than the medium connection, which functions as the outlet. Between these two connections there are several medium-carrying areas that are assigned to different heights. The assignment results, for example, from a respective lower edge of the areas or from a center of gravity of the respective area, etc. Since the connections and the areas are at different heights, the areas thus lie one behind the other, so that the medium is also located moved from one port across the areas to the other port. This prevents the medium from flowing directly from one connection to the other.

The medium container has several partition walls, which are arranged between the medium-carrying areas. The areas carrying the medium are separated from each other by the partitions. Conversely, the partition walls also define the areas in terms of their geometry or their extension. The partitions define ren a separation between the areas and prevent an unwanted transfer of the medium between the particularly adjacent areas.

Between the medium-carrying areas there are medium passages for a transition of the medium from one to an adjacent medium-carrying area. The medium passages result, for example, from the design of the partition walls and / or from the design and arrangement of the partition walls within the medium container. A medium passage is, for example, a gap between a partition and a surrounding wall of the medium container. The medium passages thus move the medium from one medium-carrying area to another - subsequent or adjacent - medium-carrying area.

Means for a thermal exchange between at least two media-carrying areas are also available. The thermal exchange between the areas thus occurs on the one hand through the medium passages per se, in that the medium moves between the areas, and on the other hand and therefore additionally through the aforementioned means. The means bring about a thermal exchange by, for example, permitting an additional passage of the medium between the regions and / or by, for example, establishing a thermally conductive connection between the regions.

The medium tank ensures that the temperature of the extracted water remains constant over a long period of time. This prevents the temperature drops as they occur in the prior art when the cold fresh water reaches the exit directly. Furthermore, it is possible for a partial removal of the medium to heat up without excessive local heating.

The heat source is preferably outside the volume that is completely enclosed by the medium container.

One embodiment consists in the partition walls being designed and arranged in the medium container in such a way that the medium has a meandering course. The medium thus flows along the areas from one side to another. wall of the container back and forth. Therefore, there is also a correspondingly long path over which the medium is distributed.

One embodiment provides that at least one partition has an end face extending from a side wall of the medium container and has a free end face facing another side wall opposite the side wall, and that the partition wall has a length such that between the free end face and the other side wall There is a medium passage in the side wall. In this embodiment, the dividing wall is thus shorter than the distance between two opposite side walls of the medium container, which is why the medium can flow through the gap, so to speak, which thus also connects the adjacent areas with one another.

One embodiment is that the partitions alternate with their end faces from different side walls. In this embodiment, there are medium passages that are opposite each other. The meandering structure can also be realized in this way, for example. The medium rises along the longitudinal axis over the individual areas over the individual medium passages.

One embodiment provides that a flow direction of the medium within the medium-carrying areas is given by at least one medium connection. By the expression and / or z. B. by the orientation of at least one medium connection (e.g. the inflow and / or the outflow), a flow direction results that along the medium at least that downstream of the medium connection concerned (with the medium connection serving as inflow) or upstream (in the case of the medium connection serving as a drain).

In one embodiment, the medium flows in in the direction of the bottom surface of the medium container in such a way that the medium is evenly distributed on the bottom surface. The inflow is thus, for example, higher than the section into which the medium is directed when it exits the inflow.

One embodiment consists in that a cross section of the medium-carrying regions perpendicular to the direction of flow of the medium is smaller than that of the medium in Flow direction area of the medium-carrying areas. The medium thus flows through only a small cross section, which is particularly small compared to the path that the medium flows in the respective areas. In the case of a completely warmed-up mixing container, this is intended to ensure that when the medium flows through the mixing container with cold medium, that is to say via the inflow, there is at most a reduced back mixing of the medium. It should therefore be ensured that the cold water is mainly moved in one direction - preferably away from the medium connection serving as an inflow.

In one embodiment, the partitions are designed as flat partitions. In an alternative embodiment, the partitions have a corrugated shape.

One embodiment provides that at least one partition runs essentially parallel to a bottom surface of the medium container. In one embodiment, the flow direction also runs parallel to the medium container. In a further embodiment, the partitions are arranged parallel to one another. In an alternative embodiment, the partitions are arranged parallel to one another, but inclined to a floor surface.

One embodiment consists in that at least one partition has cutouts. The recesses - e.g. B. through holes or other openings - allow, for example, the circulation of the medium between the adjacent and separated by the partition medium-carrying areas. This refers to the static state in which the medium does not flow through the medium container or only flows below a correspondingly small flow volume. This static state is given, for example, when pure heating takes place. In this static state, mixing or convection of the medium between the individual areas is thus made possible. In the dynamic state, there is no mixing since the cutouts are sufficiently small that the flow along the flow direction is sufficiently dominant due to the removal of the heated medium or the refilling of the cold medium. The at least one partition is an embodiment variant for the means for effecting the thermal exchange between two areas. The cutouts thus allow in addition to the medium passage, the transition of the medium between the areas. In one embodiment, several partition walls have cutouts.

One embodiment provides that at least one partition consists at least partially of a heat-conducting material. In this embodiment - B. during the static heating phase - a transfer of heat between the areas instead, so that even heating by mixing can take place. In one embodiment, the thermal conductivity is dimensioned such that only a slight back-mixing can take place during dynamic removal or filling with a cold medium. In one embodiment, at least one partition consists entirely of a thermally conductive material. The thermal conductivity allows temperature compensation, especially in heating mode. This is therefore an alternative or additional variant of the means for effecting the thermal exchange, which here consists in the fact that the heat-conducting material brings about a thermal coupling between the adjacent areas.

In one embodiment, all or more partition walls are configured with respect to the materials as the aforementioned partition wall.

In one embodiment, there is at least one heat-conducting element in the medium container. The heat-conducting element ensures that the heat is evenly introduced into the medium.

According to one embodiment, at least two partition walls are thermally coupled to one another via at least one heat-conducting element. In this embodiment, a means for the thermal exchange is the heat-conducting element between the partition walls. This configuration is particularly advantageous if the partitions also have thermally conductive areas which are coupled to one another via the heat-conducting element.

According to one embodiment, at least one line device is arranged in at least one medium-carrying area. The line device conducts the medium through the assigned medium-carrying area. The line device consists, for example, of several sheets or other wall structures that define paths for the medium. In one embodiment, the line device can thus be the same or similar to the at least one partition, z. B. in terms of material. The medium is guided in one area via the line device. Since the affected area extends over a height along the longitudinal axis, the line device results in a movement path for the medium in the plane at the assigned height and thus perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Overall, the conduit device also extends the path of the medium in the area and thereby in the medium container.

One embodiment is that the medium container has an essentially cube-shaped or cuboid-shaped outer contour. The partition or partitions have a corresponding shape that allows them to be fitted into the medium container.

One embodiment provides that the heating source is thermally connected to a bottom surface of the medium container. In this embodiment, the bottom layer of the medium container is defined via the bottom surface, so that all other areas and preferably also the medium connections are located further up along the longitudinal axis. In one embodiment, the longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the floor surface and starts from the floor surface. In one embodiment, the longitudinal axis is thus the normal of the surface that forms the bottom of the medium container. In one embodiment, the medium is introduced into the medium container in a lower area.

One embodiment is that the heating source is based on the combustion of gas and / or diesel and / or on the use of electric current.

One embodiment provides that the medium is water or glycol.

In one embodiment, the heating device is part of a heating arrangement which also serves to generate warm air.

According to one embodiment, the heating device can be installed in a caravan and / or a mobile home. According to a further teaching, the invention only relates to a medium container which is designed according to one of the preceding and / or following configurations.

In particular, there are a multitude of possibilities for designing and developing the heating device according to the invention. For this purpose, reference is made, on the one hand, to the claims subordinate to patent claim 1, and, on the other hand, to the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a section through a schematic representation of a heating device according to a first embodiment,

2 shows a layer perpendicular to the section of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a section through a heating device according to a second embodiment and

Fig. 4 shows three sections through a heating device according to a third embodiment.

1 schematically shows the structure of a heating device 1 with a heating source 2 and a medium container 3. Of the heating source 2, only one burner is shown here, which is located below the essentially rectangular medium container 3. The medium to be heated - and not shown here - is, for example, water.

The medium container 3 has two medium connections 31, 32, which are located along a longitudinal axis 30 at different heights. Here, the medium connection 31 serving as an inflow is lower than the medium connection 32, which serves as an outflow. Cold medium thus enters the medium container 3 at the deep point, is heated there by the heating source 2 and migrates upward in the direction of the drain 32.

The medium passes through several areas which here essentially resemble layers, which lie one above the other and which are each separated from one another by partitions 4. The partitions 4 are each connected via an end face 40 to one of the two side walls 39, 38 of the medium container 3 and, with their free end side 41, each form a medium passage 5 with the opposite side wall 38, 39. The medium-carrying areas in the medium container 3 can thus also be referred to as leveling layers for the medium, which result from the inner volume of the medium container 3 by inserting at least one partition 4. As can be seen in the figures, the width and height (ie the area directly flowed by the medium) of the areas are significantly smaller than the extent of the areas carrying the media in depth (and thus in the direction in which the medium is particularly at Filling process spreads).

Let us consider the two lower areas 33, 34 which carry the medium and which are likewise designed as layers arranged parallel to one another. The medium flows in the flow direction 6 through the lowermost region 33, which is enclosed by the bottom surface 35 of the medium container 3 and the bottom partition 4 here. On the side wall 39, the medium flows through the medium passage 5 into the next higher area 34. There the medium flows parallel to the direction of flow 6, but in the opposite direction. At the next medium passage 5, on the side wall 38, the medium flows into the higher region and there again in the direction of flow 6. The medium thus follows the meandering course that results from the design and arrangement of the partition walls 4.

In the static state there is no flow of the medium. Therefore, the medium can also flow through the cutouts 45 (here indicated by the double arrows), which in the embodiment shown are located as through holes in the partition walls 4. In the dynamic state with flowing medium, this medium exchange is negligible because the recesses are only of small diameter and the flow along the flow direction 6 is therefore dominant.

In order to improve the mixing in the static state, in which only the burner 2 acts on the medium and in particular no cold medium is refilled, the partition walls 4 furthermore consist at least partially of a thermally conductive material.

Due to the meandering course, the passage of the medium through the container 3 is extended and a direct connection between the inlet and outlet is made impossible. WEI it is also possible, for example, for the two medium connections 31, 32 to be located on a common side.

2 shows how a medium passage 5 is formed.

The medium container 3 here has a rectangular basic cross section. The partitions 4 have the appropriate base area, but have a shorter length. It can be seen how the partition 4 is fastened with an end face 40 to a side wall 38 and extends towards the opposite side wall 39. The free end face 41 ends in front of the side wall 39, so that the medium passage 5 remains as a free space. The number of recesses 45 is indicated here, which are so small or specially designed that in the dynamic state passage of the medium is negligible and that in the static state - e.g. B. the heating - mixing is promoted.

It can thus be seen that the interior volume of a — here rectangular — container has through the partition walls 4 in individual areas 33, 34, so that an elongated path for the medium results. This prevents the medium being short-circuited, since the individual areas must be flowed through one after the other. The cold water can therefore only leave the tank after passing through all areas. Conversely, the warm water is pushed forward by the cold water.

The medium container 3 overall encloses a closed volume which receives the medium and which is divided into the individual areas by the partition walls 4.

The medium container 3 of the variant in FIG. 3 differs from the variant in FIG. 1 in that heat-conducting elements 7 are present. These thermally conductive components 7 ensure that the heat is evenly distributed in the inner volume. Here, the heat-conducting elements 7 also produce a thermal connection between the thermally conductive partition walls 4, so that an even better distribution takes place.

4 shows a further variant of the medium container 3. In the side view of FIG. 4 a) it can be seen that the internal volume of the medium container 3 is divided by exactly one partition 4 into two adjacent medium-carrying areas 33, 34 arranged above one another. The partition 4 - shown in the example - has the cutouts 45 - indicated here by double arrows - which allow the heat to be exchanged between the areas in the heating phase. Furthermore, in the partition 4 there is a medium passage 5, which here is formed by the partition 4 itself and not in part by a side wall of the medium container 3 (cf. the previous configurations).

4 b) shows the lower layer 33. The broad arrows indicate the direction in which the medium flows from the inflow — not shown here. In the lower area 33 there is a line device 8 which has a snail-shaped course, so that the medium is guided to the medium passage 5. The individual partial sections of the path of the medium partially enclose each other in this medium-carrying layer 34. Here, in particular, the partial sections with colder medium comprise the partial sections with medium that has been heated for a relatively long time.

In the next higher layer 34 (see FIG. 4 c)) there is also a line device 8, which in the exemplary embodiment shown has the same shape as the line device 8 of the lower layer 33. In one embodiment, therefore, it is an entire line device 8 that extends continuously over both medium-carrying areas 33, 34.

In the higher layer 34, the medium exits via the medium passage 5 and flows against the direction in the lower layer 33. This is also indicated here by the arrows. As can be seen, the line devices 8 allow the inflow and outflow of the medium to take place on the same side of the medium container 3 and even directly one above the other. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 heater

2 heating source

3 media containers

4 partition

5 medium passage

6 flow direction

7 heat-conducting element

8 line device

30 longitudinal axis

31 Medium connection serving as inflow

32 Medium outlet serving as drain

33 medium-carrying area

34 medium-carrying area

35 floor area

38 side wall

39 side wall

40 end face

41 free end face

45 recess

Claims

claims

1. heating device (1) for heating a medium,

with a heating source (2) and with a medium container (3),

wherein the medium container (3) has at least two medium connections (31, 32),

the two medium connections (31, 32) being located at different heights along a longitudinal axis (30) of the medium container (3),

wherein the medium container (3) has a plurality of medium-carrying areas (33, 34) between the two medium connections (31, 32),

the medium-conveying regions (33, 34) being assigned different heights along the longitudinal axis (30),

wherein the medium container (3) has a plurality of partition walls (4) which are arranged between the medium-carrying regions (33, 34),

whereby there are medium passages (5) between the medium-carrying areas (33, 34) for a transition of the medium, and

means (45, 4, 7) for thermal exchange between at least two medium-carrying areas (33, 34) are provided.

2. Heater (1) according to claim 1,

wherein at least one partition (4) has cutouts (45).

3. Heater (1) according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein at least one partition (4) consists at least partially of a heat-conducting material.

4. Heating device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3,

wherein at least two partition walls (4) are thermally coupled to one another via at least one heat-conducting element (7).

5. Heating device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4,

the partitions (4) are designed and arranged in the medium container (3) in such a way that the medium has a meandering course.

6. Heating device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5,

the partitions (4) having an end face (40) starting from a side wall (38, 39) of the medium container (3) and having a free end face (41) another side wall (39, 38) opposite the side wall (38, 39) are facing

wherein the partitions (4) each have a length such that there is a passage of the medium (5) between the free end face (41) and the other side wall (39, 38), and

the partitions (4) alternately starting with their end faces (40) from different side walls (38, 39).

7. Heating device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6,

wherein a flow direction (6) of the medium within the medium-carrying areas (33, 34) is given by a medium connection (31, 32), and wherein a cross-section of the medium-carrying areas (33, 34) perpendicular to the flow direction (6) of the medium is smaller is a surface of the medium-carrying areas (33, 34) through which the medium flows in the direction of flow (6).

8. Heating device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7,

wherein at least one line device (8) is arranged in at least one medium-conveying region (33, 34), and

wherein the conduit device (8) conducts the medium through the medium-carrying area (33, 34).

9. Heating device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8,

the heating source (2) being thermally connected to a bottom surface (35) of the medium container (3).