WO2020029788A1 - 导管定位装置 - Google Patents

导管定位装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020029788A1
WO2020029788A1 PCT/CN2019/097104 CN2019097104W WO2020029788A1 WO 2020029788 A1 WO2020029788 A1 WO 2020029788A1 CN 2019097104 W CN2019097104 W CN 2019097104W WO 2020029788 A1 WO2020029788 A1 WO 2020029788A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
self
catheter
locking unit
side wall
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/097104
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高翔
王兆芹
Original Assignee
上海先艺医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海先艺医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海先艺医疗科技有限公司
Priority to EP19847692.1A priority Critical patent/EP3834877B1/en
Publication of WO2020029788A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020029788A1/zh
Priority to US17/160,327 priority patent/US20210146097A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/02—Holding devices, e.g. on the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/02—Holding devices, e.g. on the body
    • A61M2025/0253—Holding devices, e.g. on the body where the catheter is attached by straps, bands or the like secured by adhesives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/02—Holding devices, e.g. on the body
    • A61M2025/0266—Holding devices, e.g. on the body using pads, patches, tapes or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/02—Holding devices, e.g. on the body
    • A61M2025/0266—Holding devices, e.g. on the body using pads, patches, tapes or the like
    • A61M2025/0273—Holding devices, e.g. on the body using pads, patches, tapes or the like having slits to place the pad around a catheter puncturing site
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/02—Holding devices, e.g. on the body
    • A61M2025/028—Holding devices, e.g. on the body having a mainly rigid support structure

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular, to a catheter positioning device for positioning a medical catheter at a preset position without displacement.
  • the commonly used catheter fixation methods are: using film products, that is, using a general-purpose whole film to fix one end of the catheter to the human skin.
  • This method is only suitable for thin and soft indwelling catheters such as intravenous infusion catheters.
  • One is to apply pressure to the pipe wall in the radial direction to provide frictional force to achieve the locking and fixing of the pipe.
  • it is difficult to grasp the force during the actual operation, that is, when the radial pressure on the pipe wall is increased Therefore, when the frictional locking force is increased, the inner diameter of the catheter must be reduced due to pressure, thereby reducing the efficiency of the catheter for draining liquid.
  • the main purpose of the present application is to provide a catheter positioning device with a self-triggering locking mechanism, which can realize the unidirectional or bidirectional positioning and locking of the catheter to prevent the catheter from being displaced.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a catheter positioning device, which has minimal influence on the pressure and inner cross-sectional area of the catheter tube wall, so as to avoid affecting the drainage efficiency of the catheter.
  • the first embodiment of the present application provides a catheter positioning device for positioning a catheter on a body, which is characterized by comprising: a base fixed on the body; and a positioning guide groove provided on the body.
  • the base is used for accommodating the catheter; and a plurality of self-locking modules are provided on the base and located on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove.
  • Each of the self-locking modules has a V-shaped groove.
  • a self-locking unit movably disposed in the V-shaped groove, a first end of the self-locking unit having a contact portion in contact with an outer tube wall of the catheter provided in the positioning guide groove, through
  • the self-locking unit is movable in the V-shaped groove to switch between a released state and a locked state; and when the catheter is positioned at a preset position in the positioning guide groove, each of the self-locking units
  • the lock module is in the released state; when the catheter moves relative to the positioning guide groove and deviates from the preset position, the contact portion and the outer tube wall of the catheter are in contact with each other so that the contact portion
  • the self-locking unit is linked in the V-shaped groove, and The state is automatically switched to the locked state so as to restrict the catheter relative to the positioning guide groove by the mutual cooperation of the self-locking modules 13 provided on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove and in the locked state.
  • a second embodiment of the present application provides a catheter positioning device for positioning a catheter on a body, which is characterized in that it includes: a base fixed on the body; and a positioning guide groove provided on the body.
  • the base is used for accommodating the catheter; a stop module is provided on the base and is located on one side of the positioning guide groove; and at least one self-locking module is provided on the base And located at the other side of the positioning guide groove opposite to the stop module, each of the self-locking modules has: a V-shaped groove; and a self-movingly disposed in the V-shaped groove and having a contact portion
  • the locking unit is adapted to cooperate with the stop module, so that the contacting unit is in contact with an outer tube wall of the catheter provided in the positioning guide groove.
  • the catheter moves relative to the positioning guide groove and deviates from the preset position ,
  • the self-locking unit is linked in the V-shaped groove, and the release state is automatically switched to the locked state,
  • the self-locking unit in the locked state cooperates with the stop module to restrict the catheter from moving relative to the positioning guide groove.
  • the V-shaped groove further has a top end, a first tank side wall and a second tank side wall extending from the top end.
  • the side wall of the first groove body and the side wall of the second groove body are used to define a movable section in the V-shaped groove;
  • the self-locking unit further has a second end opposite to the first end, The second end extends to the side wall of the self-locking unit of the first end, the second end of the self-locking unit is positioned in the top of the V-shaped groove, and the length of the side wall of the self-locking unit is slightly larger than
  • the depth of the V-shaped groove is such that the contact portion protrudes slightly from the V-shaped groove to contact the outer tube wall of the catheter provided in the positioning guide groove, and the self-locking unit uses the first
  • the two ends are the shaft ends reciprocating in the movable section of the V-shaped groove, and switching between the released state and the locked state, and when the
  • the self-locking unit is a sheet structure.
  • a side wall of the first groove body of the V-shaped groove is perpendicular to an axis of the conduit provided in the positioning guide groove, and the self-locking unit has a single To the self-locking function, and where:
  • the V-shaped groove further has a groove reference center plane at an angle with the first groove body side wall and the second groove body side wall.
  • the reference center plane of the groove body is perpendicular to the axis of the catheter provided in the positioning guide groove
  • the self-locking unit has a two-way self-locking function, and wherein; when the catheter is positioned in the positioning guide groove, In the preset position, the side wall of the self-locking unit of the self-locking unit is close to the side wall of the first or second slot body, or abuts against the side wall of the first slot body or On the side wall of the second tank body, the contact portion of the self-locking unit contacts the outer tube wall of the catheter, and the self-locking unit is in the released state; when the catheter is oriented relative to the positioning guide groove, When the first direction or the positioning guide groove moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction and deviates from the preset position, a side wall of the self-lock
  • the side wall of the body or the side wall of the second groove body is turned toward the reference center plane of the groove body to approach the reference body of the groove body. In the center plane, the contact force on the outer tube wall of the catheter is increased, and the self-locking unit is switched from the released state to the locked state.
  • the self-locking unit has a V-shaped sheet structure and has one of the second end and two of the first end extending from the second end to
  • the first self-locking unit side wall and the second self-locking unit side wall of the two first ends are respectively provided with a first contact portion and a second contact portion on the two first ends, and are respectively connected with the first self-locking unit.
  • the reference center plane of the self-locking unit with an included angle such as the side wall of the lock unit and the side wall of the second self-locking unit;
  • the V-shaped groove further includes a side wall of the first groove body, a side wall of the second groove body, etc.
  • the angled reference center plane of the slot body, the reference center plane of the slot body is perpendicular to the axis of the conduit provided in the positioning guide slot, and the opening angle of the self-locking unit is slightly smaller than the V-shaped slot Opening angle of the self-locking unit, the self-locking unit has a two-way self-locking function, and when the catheter is positioned at the preset position in the positioning guide groove, the self-locking unit reference of the self-locking unit The center plane is close to or coincides with the reference center plane of the groove, so The first contact portion and the second contact portion of the self-locking unit contact the outer tube wall of the catheter, and the self-locking unit is in the released state; when the catheter is oriented relative to the positioning guide groove, When the first direction moves away from the preset position, the reference center plane of the self-locking unit of the self-locking unit is rotated from the reference center of the slot body toward the side wall of the first slot body, so that the The side wall of the first self-locking unit
  • the self-locking unit is switched from the released state to the locked state; or when the positioning guide groove of the catheter moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction and deviates from the preset position
  • the reference center plane of the self-locking unit of the self-locking unit rotates from the reference center of the groove body toward the side wall of the second groove body, so that the side wall of the second self-locking unit approaches or abuts
  • the first contact portion is opposite to Force generated outside wall of the catheter increases, the self-locking means switched from the release state to the locked state.
  • the self-locking unit has a V-shaped sheet structure and has one of the second end and two of the first end extending from the second end to
  • the first self-locking unit side wall and the second self-locking unit side wall of the two first ends are respectively provided with a first contact portion and a second contact portion on the two first ends;
  • the side wall of the first groove body is perpendicular to the axis of the conduit provided in the positioning guide groove, and the opening angle of the self-locking unit is slightly smaller than the opening angle of the V-shaped groove.
  • the self-locking unit has a unidirectional A self-locking function, and when the catheter is positioned at the preset position in the positioning guide groove, a side wall of the second self-locking unit of the self-locking unit approaches or abuts against the second groove The side wall of the body, the first contact portion contacts the outer tube wall of the catheter, and the self-locking unit is in the released state; when the catheter moves in a first direction relative to the positioning guide groove, it deviates from the At the preset position, the self-locking unit moves from the side wall of the second groove toward the side wall of the first groove.
  • the first self-locking unit side wall is approached or abutted against the side wall of the first groove body, and the first contact portion exerts an increased force on the outer tube wall of the catheter, At the same time, the second contact portion contacts the outer tube wall of the catheter and the force generated by the outer tube wall of the catheter is increased, so that the first contact portion and the second contact portion restrict the catheter relative to the The positioning guide groove moves, and the self-locking unit is switched from the released state to the locked state.
  • the self-locking module further includes a substrate, and the self-locking unit is formed by bending and extending from the body of the substrate, wherein: the V-shaped groove It also has a top end, a first slot side wall and a second slot side wall extending from the top end, wherein the top end is further provided with a gap, and the first slot side wall and the positioning guide slot are provided.
  • the axis of the catheter inside is vertical; the substrate is disposed on the base and is located outside the V-shaped groove, and the self-locking unit bent and extended from the substrate can pass through the substrate
  • the gap extends from the outside of the V-shaped groove to the inside of the V-shaped groove, and reciprocates within a movable interval defined by the first groove body side wall and the second groove body side wall, and is provided
  • the contact portion on the first end of the self-locking unit slightly protrudes from the V-shaped groove 131 and contacts the outer tube wall of the catheter provided in the positioning guide groove; wherein, when the catheter is positioned in the positioning guide groove, At the preset position, the self-locking unit is close to the side wall of the second groove body or abuts against the side of the second groove body The upper part is in the released state, and the substrate is not deformed; when the catheter moves relative to the positioning guide groove to deviate from the preset position and is in the deviated position, the self-locking unit is followed by The second groove body
  • the shape of the contact portion is adapted to the shape of the outer tube wall of the catheter.
  • the conduit is a circular structure
  • the contact portion is an arc structure
  • the contact portion further has a first portion located at a groove bottom of the positioning guide groove. And a second end located in the slot of the positioning guide groove, wherein the length of the second end is slightly shorter than the length of the first end so as to install the catheter in the positioning guide groove.
  • an arc surface portion in the arc structure of the contact portion faces the outside of the catheter in a third direction.
  • the tube wall generates a force, and at the same time, the first end and the second end of the contact portion respectively exert a force on the outer tube wall of the catheter in a fourth direction perpendicular to the third direction.
  • the self-locking modules are disposed on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove in a paired form or a staggered form.
  • the positioning guide groove further has a limiting portion for restricting and positioning the catheter in the positioning guide groove.
  • the limiting portion is a wavy groove edge provided at a slot of the positioning guide groove.
  • a plurality of auxiliary positioning units are further provided in the positioning guide groove for assisting positioning of the catheter at the preset position in the positioning guide groove.
  • the self-locking unit is made of a polymer material, a metal material, or a combination of a polymer material and a metal material.
  • the catheter positioning device further includes a position adjustment component for providing adjustment for a position where the self-locking module or the stop module is disposed on the base.
  • the base is a thin base.
  • the base is a thick base and has an upper surface and a side, and the self-locking module and / or the positioning guide groove may be provided on the base. On the top and / or sides.
  • the body is human skin
  • the base is fixed to the body in an adhesive manner
  • the catheter positioning device further includes an adhesion unit
  • the The base is fixed to the upper surface of the adhesion unit
  • the lower surface of the adhesion unit has an adhesive for adhesion to the body.
  • the catheter positioning device has a plurality of the self-locking modules, and when the catheter moves in a first direction relative to the positioning guide groove, the catheter is deviated from the At the preset position, a part of the self-locking module is automatically switched from the released state to the locked state to restrict the catheter from moving relative to the positioning guide groove in the first direction; and when the When the catheter moves relative to the positioning guide groove in a second direction opposite to the first direction and deviates from the preset position, another part of the self-locking module is automatically switched from the released state to the lock State to restrict the catheter from moving relative to the positioning guide groove in the second direction.
  • the catheter positioning device uses a self-triggering self-locking module, so that when the catheter is positioned at a preset position in the positioning guide slot, the self-locking module is in a released state without It will generate obvious pressure on the outer tube wall of the catheter, so it will not affect the drainage efficiency of the catheter; when the catheter is displaced in the positioning guide groove and deviates from the preset position, the self-locking module will automatically release from it Switch to the locked state to limit the movement of the catheter relative to the positioning guide slot to achieve unidirectional or bidirectional catheter positioning.
  • the self-locking module of another embodiment of the present application when an external force applied to the catheter is released, the self-locking module automatically recovers from the locked state to the released state, thereby ensuring the drainage efficiency of the catheter.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view showing the overall structure of a catheter positioning device according to a first embodiment of the present application
  • 1B and 1C are a side view and a plan view, respectively, showing the catheter positioning device of FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 1D is an exploded view showing the catheter positioning device of FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are schematic diagrams showing the internal structures of the self-locking module of the catheter positioning device of FIG. 1A from different perspectives when the self-locking module is in a released state;
  • FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are schematic diagrams showing the internal structures of the self-locking module of the catheter positioning device of FIG. 1A from different perspectives when the self-locking module is in a locked state;
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are side views showing the self-locking module shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B;
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams showing different embodiments of the base of the catheter positioning device of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing different embodiments of positioning guide grooves in a catheter positioning device of the present application.
  • 6A to 6D are diagrams showing different embodiments of a self-locking unit and a contact portion in a catheter positioning device of the present application;
  • FIGS. 7A to 7D are diagrams showing different embodiments of the self-locking unit of the catheter positioning device of the present application.
  • FIGS. 8A to 8B are diagrams showing an embodiment of a self-locking module of a catheter positioning device of the present application in a released state and a locked state;
  • FIGS. 9A to 9B are diagrams illustrating another embodiment of the self-locking module of the catheter positioning device of the present application in a released state and a locked state;
  • FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing an embodiment of a self-locking module of a catheter positioning device of the present application having a self-resetting effect
  • FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams illustrating an embodiment of an auxiliary positioning unit in a catheter positioning device of the present application.
  • FIGS. 12A and 12B are schematic perspective views showing the overall structure of a catheter positioning device according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 13A to 13E are diagrams illustrating an embodiment of a position adjustment assembly in a catheter positioning device of the present application.
  • a catheter positioning device 10 provided in the present application is used to position a catheter 2 on a body (not shown).
  • the body is, for example, human skin
  • the catheter 2 is, for example, a medical flexible catheter that is placed in a human body after a thoracoabdominal surgery, wound drainage, and gastrointestinal nutrition delivery.
  • the catheter positioning device 10 positions the exposed part of the catheter 2 on the skin of the human body, so that the built-in part of the catheter 2 left in the human body will not be displaced, thereby ensuring the drainage effect of the catheter 2.
  • the catheter positioning device 10 mainly includes a base 11, a positioning guide groove 12, and at least one self-locking module 13.
  • the base 11 is fixed on the body (not shown).
  • the base 11 may be designed as a thin base, and when the base 11 is a thin base, a part of the catheter 2 may be disposed in parallel with the surface of the body (refer to the figure). 1B).
  • the base 11 may also be designed as a thick base, and when the base 11 is a thick base, a part of the catheter 2 may be perpendicular to the surface of the body
  • the arrangement (as shown in FIG. 4B) is not limited to this, and the inclination of the side of the catheter 2 can be changed, so that the catheter 2 is disposed on the surface of the body in an inclined manner.
  • the manufacturing method of the thick base 11 can be made in an integrated manner according to the actual use requirements, or it can be indirectly provided by adding a heightening unit 110 on the basis of the thin base 11. Realize the production of thick base.
  • the arrangement between the catheter 2 and the surface of the body does not completely depend on the thickness of the base 11.
  • the base 11 is a thin base
  • the positioning guide groove 12 as a three-dimensional arc-shaped guide groove, a part of the catheter 2 can be arranged perpendicular to the surface of the body.
  • the base 11 is fixed to the body (human skin), for example, and the catheter positioning device 10 of the present application may further include an adhesion unit 16, as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C.
  • the upper surface of the adhesion unit 16 is fixed to the bottom of the base 11, and the lower surface of the adhesion unit 16 has an adhesive to adhere to the body, thereby indirectly fixing the base 11 to the body.
  • the positioning guide groove 12 is provided on the base 11 and is used to receive the catheter 2. Specifically, the positioning guide groove 12 is used to receive a part of the catheter 2 provided on the surface of the body. In this embodiment, the positioning guide groove 12 is designed as a flat structure as shown in FIG. 1A. In addition, the positioning guide groove 12 may also be designed as a body structure as shown in FIG. 5, but it is not limited thereto. In practical applications, the positioning guide groove 12 may be designed into other structural forms according to actual needs.
  • the positioning guide groove 12 of the present application also has a limiting portion 121 for restricting and positioning the catheter 2 in the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the limiting portion 121 may be, for example, a wave-shaped groove edge provided at the slot of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the self-locking module 13 is disposed on the base 11.
  • the self-locking module 13 may be respectively located on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the self-locking modules 13 are respectively disposed on the opposite sides of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto. The number of specific settings can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the self-locking modules 13 may be arranged in pairs on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove 12 (as shown in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3B). It is not limited thereto.
  • the self-locking modules 13 may also be arranged on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove 12 in a staggered manner.
  • the positioning guide groove 12 and the self-locking module 13 can be designed into different structural forms according to different usage requirements. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, the positioning guide groove 12 and the self-locking module 13 are both provided. On the upper surface of the thin base 11 (as shown in FIG. 1A). In other embodiments, for example, when the base 11 is designed as a thick base, the positioning guide groove 12 and the self-locking module 13 may be provided on the base surface of the base 11 or may be selectively provided on the base. 11 on the side. In addition, when the base 11 has a three-dimensional arc-shaped guide groove structure as shown in FIG. 5, the respective lock modules 13 can also be arranged in a three-dimensional manner along the arc-shaped three-dimensional structure of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • FIG. 1D, FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B for a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the self-locking module 13.
  • Each of the lock modules 13 has a V-shaped groove 131 and a self-locking unit 132, respectively.
  • the self-locking unit 132 is movably disposed in the V-shaped groove 131, and a contact portion 133 is provided on the first end of the self-locking unit 132 to contact the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 provided in the positioning guide groove 12. .
  • the self-locking unit 132 may be made of a polymer material or a metal material, or a combination of a polymer material and a metal material, for example.
  • the manufacturing material and structure of the self-locking unit 132 may be determined according to the material of the catheter 2 to be fixed. For example, if the catheter 2 is a relatively soft material (such as silicone, PU, TPU material hose), the self-locking unit 132 may be made of a polymer material (such as plastic). If the catheter 2 is a relatively hard material (such as a rigid tube made of PVC, PP, or improved PU material for the chest cavity), the self-locking unit 132 may be made of a metal material.
  • the contact portion 133 may be integrally formed with the body of the self-locking unit 132 (as shown in FIG. 6A). In other embodiments, the contact portion 133 may also be additional An independent part, such as a rubber strip, is provided on the self-locking unit 132 (as shown in FIG. 6B).
  • the shape of the contact portion 133 is adapted to the shape of the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2. In the embodiment of the present case, for example, the catheter 2 is a circular structure, and the contact portion 133 is also designed as an arc structure ( 2A to 2B, 3A to 3B, and 6A to 6D).
  • the contact portion 133 may also be designed as a toothed structure or a toothless structure according to the actual use requirements.
  • the self-locking unit 132 is made of a polymer material, it is suitable for designing a toothless structure (as shown in FIG. 6A), and when the self-locking unit 132 is made of a metal material, it is more suitable for design Toothed structure (as shown in Figure 6C).
  • the contact portion 133 further has a first end 1331 located at the bottom of the positioning guide groove 12 and a second end 1332 located at the slot of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the length of the second end 1332 may be slightly shorter than the length of the first end 1331 to facilitate the operation of installing the catheter 2 in the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the positioning guide groove 12 and a plurality of self-locking modules 13 provided on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove 12 can be designed as a single body.
  • a plurality of V-shaped grooves 131 are formed in the main body 13a of the self-locking unit 132.
  • the self-locking module 13 also has a cover 13b, which can be covered on the main body 13a of the self-locking module 13 to lock the self-locking unit
  • the unit 132 is positioned in the V-shaped groove 131, and the self-locking unit 132 is movably received in the V-shaped groove 131.
  • FIG. 1D In an actual manufacturing process, the positioning guide groove 12 and a plurality of self-locking modules 13 provided on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove 12 can be designed as a single body.
  • a plurality of V-shaped grooves 131 are formed in the main body 13a of the self-locking unit 132.
  • the self-locking module 13 also has a cover 13b, which can be covered on the main
  • the main body 13a and the cover 13b of the self-locking module 13 are separated from each other, but are not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the two can also be pivoted. design. In addition, in other embodiments, the above-mentioned limiting portion 121 may be directly formed on an edge of a side of the cover 13 b of the self-locking module 13 near the slot of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the self-locking unit 132 of the present application can be moved in the V-shaped groove 131 to be released (as shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B) and locked ( (As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C).
  • the respective lock modules 13 are in a released state. In this state, the pressure and inner cross-sectional area of the catheter positioning device 10 on the tube wall of the catheter 2 are almost There is no effect, and therefore, there is no effect on the drainage efficiency of the catheter 2.
  • the contact portion 133 of the self-locking unit 132 and the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 are in contact with each other, the contact portion 133 can be used.
  • the frictional force caused by the mutual contact with the outer tube wall 21 causes the self-locking unit 132 to interlock in the V-shaped groove 131, thereby automatically switching from the released state to the locked state, so as to be provided in the positioning guide groove 12
  • the lock modules 13 on the opposite sides of the two sides cooperate with each other to restrict the movement of the catheter 2 relative to the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the V-shaped groove 131 of the present application further has a top end 1311, a first tank side wall 1312 and a second tank side wall 1313 extending from the top end 1311, and the first tank body.
  • the side wall 1312 and the side wall 1313 of the second groove body are used to define a range of an active section of the self-locking unit 132 in the V-shaped groove 131.
  • the self-locking unit 132 has a second end 1321 opposite to the first end.
  • the self-locking unit side wall 1322 extends from the second end 1321 to the first end (that is, the position of the contact portion 133).
  • the contact portion 133 is provided on the self-locking unit. On the first end of the sidewall 1322.
  • the second end 1321 of the self-locking unit 132 is positioned in the top end 1311 of the V-shaped groove 131, and the length of the side wall 1322 of the self-locking unit may be slightly longer than the depth of the V-shaped groove 131, so that the contact portion on the first end provided 133 protrudes slightly from the V-shaped groove 131 so as to contact the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 provided in the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the self-locking unit 132 uses the second end 1321 as a shaft end to reciprocate within the movable section of the V-shaped groove 131, and switches between a released state and a locked state.
  • the contact portion 133 of the self-locking unit 132 contacts the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2. In this state, the contact portion 133 hardly exerts any force on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2. ;
  • the force generated by the contact portion 133 on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 will gradually increase.
  • the friction force generated between the contact portion 133 and the outer tube wall 21 is also gradually increased, so that the sufficient friction force generated between the contact portion 133 and the outer tube wall 21 is used to limit the contact between the outer tube wall 21 and the outer tube wall 21.
  • the part 133 slides, thereby achieving the technical effect of positioning the catheter 2 in the positioning guide groove 12 indirectly.
  • the self-locking module 13 of the present application may have a variety of structural forms and settings.
  • the representative embodiments are exemplarily introduced below. It should be noted that the following embodiments listed in this case are not intended to be exhaustive. All embodiments of the lock module 13 will be described together.
  • the self-locking unit 132 of the present application is a sheet structure.
  • the V-shaped groove 131 mainly has the following design forms:
  • the first design form is shown in FIG. 2A to FIG. 2B and FIG. 3A to FIG. 3B.
  • the side wall 1312 of the first groove body of the V-shaped groove 131 and the duct 2 disposed in the positioning guide groove 12 The axis is vertical.
  • the self-locking unit 132 has a one-way self-locking function.
  • the side wall 1322 of the self-locking unit of the self-locking unit 132 appears close to the side wall of the second tank. 1313 or a state of abutting on the side wall 1313 of the second tank body, at this time, the contact portion 133 of the self-locking unit 132 contacts the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2, and the contact portion 133 acts on the outer tube wall 21 Very small, the self-locking unit 132 is in a released state.
  • the self-locking unit 132 will gradually move from the second side wall 1313 of the V-shaped groove 131 to the first side wall 1312 to be close to the first side wall 1312 or directly Leaning on the side wall 1312 of the first groove body, and during the movement of the side wall 1322 of the self-locking unit, the force exerted by the contact portion 133 on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 gradually increases, so that the self-locking unit 132 The release state is gradually switched to the locked state.
  • the catheter 2 is shown as a circular structure, and the contact part 133 is shown as an arc structure.
  • the drainage efficiency has an impact.
  • the arc surface portion 1330 in the arc structure of the contact portions 133 provided on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove 12 may be along the third direction (i.e. The direction of the A axis in FIG. 3C) exerts a force on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2.
  • the first end 1331 and the second end 1332 of the contact portion 133 are in a fourth direction (that is, perpendicular to the third direction)
  • the direction of the B axis in FIG. 3C) exerts a force on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 respectively, so that when the self-locking unit 132 is in a locked state, a force is generated on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 in a circular manner, so that the catheter 2 In the locked state, it can still maintain or basically keep its tube wall intact without deformation, thereby avoiding affecting the drainage efficiency of the catheter 2.
  • V-shaped groove 131 also has a groove reference center plane at an angle with the first groove side wall 1312, the second groove side wall 1313, and the like, and the reference center plane of the groove and the positioning The axis of the catheter 2 in the guide groove 12 is vertical.
  • the self-locking unit 132 has a two-way self-locking function.
  • the self-locking unit 132 when the catheter 2 is positioned at a preset position in the positioning guide groove 12, the self-locking unit 132 is in a released state, that is, the side wall 1322 of the self-locking unit of the self-locking unit 132 is close to the side wall 1312 of the first groove or The second tank side wall 1313, or directly abuts on the first tank side wall 1312 or the second tank side wall 1313. In this state, the contact portion 133 of the self-locking unit 131 contacts the outside of the catheter 2.
  • the tube wall 21 has almost no force on the outer tube wall 21; when the catheter 2 moves in a first direction relative to the positioning guide groove 12 or in a second direction opposite to the first direction relative to the positioning guide groove 12
  • the side wall 1322 of the self-locking unit 132 of the self-locking unit 132 will gradually rotate from the first groove side wall 1312 or the second groove side wall 1313 of the V-shaped groove 131 toward the reference center plane of the groove. It is close to the reference center plane of the tank body and does not completely coincide with the reference center plane of the tank body.
  • the acting force of the contact portion 133 on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 also gradually increases, and the self-locking unit 132 is automatically switched from the released state.
  • the self-locking units 132 disposed on opposite sides of the positioning guide groove 12 and in a locked state will restrict the catheter 2 in a first direction relative to the positioning guide groove 12 or a second opposite to the first direction.
  • Direction movement so as to achieve two-way self-locking function.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that, without changing the design shape and design position of each component in the catheter positioning device 10, only by adjusting the self-locking module 13 in the released state, the self-locking unit 132 is relative to the V-shape.
  • the setting position of the groove 131 (that is, the self-locking unit 132 is brought close to or abuts against the side wall 1312 of the first groove body, or is close to or abuts against the side wall 1313 of the second groove body), the self-locking unit 132 may be adjusted.
  • the movement direction of the lock has the characteristics of high setting flexibility.
  • the self-locking unit 132 of the present application is designed as a V-shaped sheet structure, including a symmetrical V-shaped sheet structure as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, or a non-shaped as shown in FIGS. 7C and 7D. Symmetric V-shaped sheet structure.
  • the main design form of the V-groove 131 is as follows:
  • the self-locking unit 132 (shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B) having a symmetrical V-shaped sheet structure design has a second The end 1321 and the two first ends are respectively provided from the second end 1321 to the first self-locking unit side wall 1322a and the second self-locking unit side wall 1322b which extend the two first ends, respectively.
  • the first contact portion 133a and the second contact portion 133b, and the reference center plane C2 of the self-locking unit at an angle to the first self-locking unit side wall 1322a and the second self-locking unit side wall 1322b, respectively.
  • the V-shaped groove 131 further has reference center planes C1 at angles with the first groove side wall 1312, the second groove side wall 1313, and the like, respectively.
  • the axes of the conduits 2 provided in the positioning guide groove 12 are perpendicular to each other, and as can be seen from FIGS.
  • the opening angle of the self-locking unit 132 (that is, the angle formed between the side walls 1322a and 1322b of the self-locking unit)
  • the opening angle is slightly smaller than the opening angle of the V-groove 131 (that is, the included angle formed between the first-groove side wall 1312 and the second-groove side wall 1313), so that the self-locking unit 132 can move in the V-groove 131.
  • the reference center plane C2 of the self-locking unit is close to the reference center plane C1 of the groove body, or the reference center plane C2 of the self-locking unit and the groove body reference
  • the center planes C1 overlap each other.
  • the first contact portion 133a and the second contact portion 133b of the self-locking unit 132 contact the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 at the same time, and the self-locking unit 132 is in a released state.
  • the self-locking unit 132 when the catheter 2 moves in the first direction relative to the positioning guide groove 12 (not shown), the self-locking unit 132 will be linked in the V-shaped groove 131 as the catheter 2 moves.
  • the reference center plane C2 of the self-locking unit is shifted from the reference center plane C1 of the groove to the direction of the first groove side wall 1312, so that the first self-lock unit side wall 1322a of the self-lock unit 132 approaches or abuts the V On the side wall 1312 of the first groove body of the groove 131, at this time, the force exerted by the second contact portion 133b on the outer pipe wall 21 of the catheter 2 increases, and the self-locking unit 132 will switch from the released state to the locked state to restrict the catheter 2 moves in the first direction relative to the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the self-locking unit 132 when the catheter 2 moves relative to the positioning guide groove 12 in a second direction (such as the direction shown by arrow D2) opposite to the first direction, the self-locking unit 132 will As the catheter 2 moves, it rotates in the second direction (direction indicated by arrow D2 in FIG. 8B) in the V-shaped groove 131, so that the reference center plane C2 of the self-locking unit moves from the reference center plane C1 of the groove to the second groove.
  • the direction of the side wall 1313 is offset.
  • the side wall 1322b of the second self-locking unit of the self-locking unit 132 will gradually approach the second side wall 1313 of the V-shaped groove 131 until it abuts against the first side of the V-shaped groove 131.
  • the force generated by the first contact portion 133a on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 will increase, so that the self-locking unit 132 is automatically switched from the released state (as shown in FIG. 8A) to The locked state (the state shown in FIG. 8B), so as to restrict the catheter 2 to the second direction with respect to the positioning guide groove 12 by a sufficient frictional force generated between the first contact portion 133a and the outer tube wall 21 (FIG. 8B) Middle arrow D2).
  • the self-locking unit 132 (as shown in FIG. 7C and FIG. 7D) having an asymmetric V-shaped sheet structure design has a first The second end 1321 and the two first ends extend from the second end 1321 to the first self-locking unit side wall 1322a and the second self-locking unit side wall 1322b of the two first ends, respectively.
  • the first contact portion 133 a and the second contact portion 133 b also have an asymmetrical arrangement of the V-shaped groove 131, that is, the side wall 1312 of the first groove body of the V-shaped groove 131 and the conduit 2 provided in the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the axis is vertical, and the opening angle of the self-locking unit 132 (that is, the angle formed between the first self-locking unit side wall 1322a and the second self-locking unit side wall 1322b) is also slightly smaller than the opening angle of the V-shaped groove 131 (that is, the first The included angle formed between the side wall 1312 of the tank body and the side wall 1313 of the second tank body).
  • the self-locking unit 132 has a one-way self-locking function.
  • the second self-locking unit side wall 1322 b of the self-locking unit 132 approaches or abuts against the V-shaped groove 131.
  • the first contact portion 133a contacts the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2, and the self-locking unit 132 is in a released state.
  • the self-locking unit 132 is moved from the side wall of the second groove body. 1313 moves in the direction of the side wall 1312 of the first slot body, so that the first side wall 1322a of the self-locking unit 132 approaches or abuts on the side wall 1312 of the first slot body.
  • the first self-locking unit 1312 The first contact portion 133a on the side wall 1322a exerts an increased force on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2, and the second contact portion 133b on the second self-locking unit side wall 1322b also contacts the outer tube wall of the catheter 2. 21, and the force on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 also gradually increases (in principle, the force exerted by the second contact portion 133b against the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 is less than that on the catheter by the first contact portion 133a 2 by the force generated by the outer tube wall 21) to restrict the catheter 2 in the first direction relative to the positioning guide groove 12 (shown by arrow D3 in FIG.
  • the self-locking module 13 may also have the technical effect of self-resetting to avoid the self-locking module 13 in the locked state from affecting the drainage efficiency of the catheter 2.
  • the self-locking module 13 further includes a base sheet 134, and the self-locking unit 132 is formed by bending and extending from the body of the base sheet 134.
  • the V-shaped groove 131 also has a top end 1311, and a first tank side wall 1312 and a second tank side wall 1313 extending from the top end 1311, wherein the first tank side wall 1312 of the V-shaped tank 131 and a positioning guide groove are provided.
  • the axes of the conduits 2 in 12 are perpendicular to each other.
  • a gap 1314 is also provided at the top end 1311 of the V-shaped groove 131.
  • the base plate 134 is a self-locking device which is disposed on the base 11 and is located outside the V-shaped groove 131 and extends from the base plate 134.
  • the unit 132 may pass through the gap 1314 at the top end 1311 of the V-shaped groove 131 and extend from the outside of the V-shaped groove 131 to the inside of the V-shaped groove 131, and is formed in the first groove side wall 1312 and the first side of the V-shaped groove 131.
  • the two groove body side wall 1313 reciprocates within the movable section.
  • the contact portion 133 provided on the first end of the self-locking unit 132 slightly protrudes from the V-shaped groove 131 and communicates with the catheter 2 provided in the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the outer tube wall 21 is in contact.
  • the self-locking unit 132 assumes a state close to the second groove side wall 1313 of the V-shaped groove 131 or abuts on the second groove side wall 1313. At this time, the self-locking unit 132 is in a released state, and the substrate 134 is not deformed.
  • the contact portion 133 in contact with the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 makes the self-locking unit 132 follow
  • the moving direction of the duct 2 is rotated from the second groove side wall 1313 to the first groove side wall 1312 to approach the first groove side wall 1312 of the V-shaped groove 131 or to abut the first groove side wall.
  • the self-locking unit 132 is switched from the released state to the locked state, and the substrate 134 is deformed in the locked state.
  • the deformed substrate 134 can provide a self-resetting force to the self-locking unit 132, so that the self-locking unit 132 A side wall 1312 of the tank is rotated toward the second side wall 1313 to approach the second side wall 1313 or rest on the second side wall 1313, so that the self-locking module 13 is on the substrate. 134 can automatically return from the locked state to the released state. Since the contact portion 133 of the self-locking unit 132 in the released state exerts almost no force on the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2, the exhaust of the catheter 2 can be avoided. Fluid efficiency.
  • a plurality of auxiliary positioning units 122 may be additionally provided in the positioning guide groove 12 of the present case for assisting the positioning of the catheter 2 in the positioning guide groove 12. Preset position.
  • the auxiliary positioning unit 122 of the present application may be, for example, a plurality of auxiliary positioning protrusions provided on the inner side wall of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the self-locking module 13 may be disposed on only one side of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the catheter positioning device 10 further includes a stop module 14.
  • the stop module 14 is disposed on the base plate 11 and is located in a position of the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the self-locking module 13 is disposed on the base 11 and is located on the other side of the positioning guide groove 12 opposite to the stop module 14.
  • the self-locking module 13 also has a V-shaped groove 131 and a self-locking unit 132.
  • the self-locking unit 132 also has a contact portion 133, wherein the contact portion 133 can cooperate with the stop module 14 so that the contact portion 133 is in contact with the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 disposed in the positioning guide groove 12. And, when the catheter 2 is positioned at a preset position of the positioning guide groove 12, the self-locking unit 132 is in a released state; and when the catheter 2 moves relative to the positioning guide groove 12 and deviates from the preset position, by mutual contact The contact portion 133 and the outer tube wall 21 of the catheter 2 cause the self-locking unit 132 to interlock in the V-shaped groove 131 and automatically switch from the released state to the locked state.
  • the blocking module 14 cooperates to restrict the movement of the catheter 2 relative to the positioning guide groove 12.
  • the catheter positioning device 10 further includes a position adjustment assembly 15 for the self-locking module 13 (such as The embodiment shown in FIG. 13A) or the stop module 14 (the embodiment shown in FIG. 13B) is provided on the base 11 to provide adjustment.
  • the self-locking module 13 or the stop module 14 provided on one side of the positioning guide groove 11 can be set to a movable mode, and the self-locking module 13 or the stop module 14 can be adjusted by adjusting the movable mode.
  • the position adjustment assembly 15 includes a first position adjustment unit 151 and a first fixing unit 152 (as shown in FIG. 13C) provided on the base 11, and a bottom surface of the self-locking module 13 or the stop module 14. (Ie, the side where the self-locking module 13 or the stop module 14 is in contact with the substrate 11), the second position adjusting unit 153 and the second fixing unit 154 (as shown in FIG. 13D), wherein the first position adjusting unit 151 and the first The two position adjustment units 153 cooperate with each other to adjust the position of the self-locking module 13 / stop module 14 mounted on the base 11, and the first fixing unit 152 and the second fixing unit 154 cooperate with each other to place the self-locking module.
  • the 13 / stop module 14 is fixed on the base 11.
  • the first fixing unit 152 is a plurality of oval openings opened on the base 11
  • the second fixing unit 154 is a circle that can be slid by the first fixing unit 152.
  • a slider in which the second fixing unit 154 can be switched between an unlocked state and a locked state by rotating relative to the first fixed unit 152, wherein when the second fixed unit 154 is in an unlocked state, It can slide in the first fixing unit 152 for adjusting the position of the self-locking module 13 / stop module 14 mounted on the base 11.
  • the second fixing unit 154 When the second fixing unit 154 is in the locked state, the second fixing unit 154 can be It is locked in a desired position in the first fixing unit 152, and the self-locking module 13 / stop module 14 is fixed on the base 11.
  • the structural forms of the first position adjusting unit 151, the first fixing unit 152, the second position adjusting unit 153, and the second fixing unit 154 are not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, and other structural forms are also possible. Applicable in this case.
  • different self-locking modules 13 provided on the same base 11 can be used to achieve the limiting effect in different directions, and the two-way self-locking can be achieved for the catheter 2 positioning the guide groove 12.
  • FIG. 13C in this embodiment, three self-locking modules 130a, 130b, and 130c are provided on the base 11. Among them, the locking direction of the self-locking module 130a and the locking of the self-locking modules 130b and 130c. The directions are opposite. Therefore, when the catheter 2 moves in a first direction relative to the positioning guide groove 12 and deviates from the preset position, the self-locking module 130a will automatically switch from the released state to the locked state to restrict the catheter 2 relative to the positioning in the first direction.
  • the guide groove 12 moves; conversely, when the catheter 2 moves relative to the positioning guide groove 12 in a second direction opposite to the first direction and deviates from the preset position, the self-locking modules 130b and 130c will automatically switch from the released state to the locked state.
  • the catheter 2 is restricted from moving relative to the positioning guide groove 12 in the second direction, thereby achieving the technical effect of two-way locking.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a catheter positioning device with a self-triggering locking mechanism, which can realize a one-way or two-way positioning function for the catheter, and when the catheter is not displaced, the catheter positioning device is suitable for The effect of the pressure on the wall of the catheter and the internal cross-sectional area is very small, so it will not affect the drainage efficiency of the catheter.
  • the catheter positioning device of the present invention The self-locking unit can be instantaneously excited to switch from the released state to the locked state, so that the friction between the catheter and the catheter positioning device is instantaneously increased to ensure that the catheter is firmly locked and prevented from being displaced.
  • the catheter positioning device provided in another embodiment of the present application can also automatically restore the self-locking unit in the catheter holding position device from the locked state to the released state after the external force on the catheter is released, so as to avoid exhausting the catheter. Fluid efficiency.

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Abstract

一种导管定位装置(10)，包括固定于本体上的基座(11)，设于基座(11)上的定位导槽(12)，以及位于定位导槽(12)的相对两侧或一侧上的自锁模块(13)，当导管(2)定位于定位导槽(12)中的预设位置时，自锁模块(13)处于释放状态，当导管(2)相对于定位导槽(12)移动而偏离所述预设位置时，即触发自锁模块(13)由释放状态切换至锁定状态，以借由处于锁定状态的自锁模块(13)限制导管(2)相对于定位导槽(12)移动，从而实现定位导管(2)的技术功效。

Description

导管定位装置 技术领域
本申请涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤指一种用于将医用导管定位在预设位置而不发生位移的导管定位装置。
背景技术
在医疗领域，在胸腹腔手术术后、创口引流、胃肠内营养输送等情况下，需要在人体内留置柔性导管，以便于液体的输入与输出管理，这些导管通常需要在人体外进行牢靠固定。
目前常用的导管固定方法有：使用贴膜类产品，即使用通用型的整张贴膜将导管一端贴附固定在人体皮肤上，此类方法仅适用于静脉输液导管这类细软型留置导管固定；另外一种是利用对导管壁沿径向施加压力从而提供摩擦力，实现对导管的锁紧固定，此方法在实际操作过程中存在难以掌握力度的情况，即当加大对管壁的径向压力从而提高摩擦锁紧力时，导管内径必然因受压而变小，从而降低导管引流液体的效率。若希望实现对导管的引流效率影响最小化，则势必要降低对管壁的压力，但如此会导致对于管壁的摩擦力的降低，而当摩擦力降低时，对于导管的固定效果会受较大影响。
由于以上两类导管固定方式均不理想，所以目前临床医护人员更多的选择用缝合的方法将导管与皮肤缝合在一起，这一方法对于病人来说较为痛苦，并且也存在一定比例导管从皮肤上撕脱的发生率，最终造成导管移位，从而对疾病后续治疗产生较大影响。
有鉴于此，如何提供一种具有导管定位装置，以克服现有技术中存在的种种问题，即为本案待解决的技术课题。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请的主要目的在于提供一种导管定位装置，具有自触发锁定机制，可实现对导管的单向或双向定位锁定功能，以防止导管发生位移。
本申请的另一目的在于提供一种导管定位装置，对于导管管壁的压力与内截面积的影响极小，以避免对导管的排液效率产生影响。
本申请的第一实施例提供一种导管定位装置，用于将导管定位于本体上，其特征在于，包括：基座，其固设于所述本体上；定位导槽，其设于所述基座上，用于容置所述导管；以及多个自锁模块，其设于所述基座上并位于所述定位导槽的相对两侧，各所述自锁模块具有：V型槽以及可活动地设置于所述V型槽内的自锁单元，所述自锁单元的第一末端具有与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的外管壁接触的接触部，通过所述自锁单元在所述V型槽内活动，以在释放状态以及锁定状态之间切换；且其中，当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的预设位置时，各所述自锁模块处于所述释放状态；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动而偏离所述预设位置时，借由相互接触的所述接触部与所述导管的外管壁，使得所述自锁单元在所述V型槽内发生连动，而由所述释放状态自动切换至所述锁定状态，以借由设置在所述定位导槽的相对两侧且处于锁定状态的所述自锁模块13的相互配合，而限制所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动。
本申请的第二实施例提供一种导管定位装置，用于将导管定位于本体上，其特征在于，包括：基座，其固设于所述本体上；定位导槽，其设于所述基座上，用于容置所述导管；止挡模块，其设于所述基座上并位于所述定位导槽的一侧；以及至少一自锁模块， 其设于所述基座上并位于所述定位导槽的相对于所述止挡模块的另一侧，各所述自锁模块具有：V型槽；以及可活动地设置于所述V型槽内并具有接触部的自锁单元，所述接触部与所述止挡模块相配合，而使所述接触部与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的外管壁相接触，所述自锁单元通过在所述V型槽内活动，以在释放状态以及锁定状态之间切换；且其中，当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的预设位置时，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动而偏离所述预设位置时，借由相互接触的所述接触部与所述导管的外管壁，使得所述自锁单元在所述V型槽内发生连动，而由所述释放状态自动切换至所述锁定状态，并借由处于所述锁定状态的所述自锁单元与所述止挡模块相配合而限制所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，于所述自锁模块中，所述V型槽还具有顶端、自所述顶端延伸的第一槽体侧壁与第二槽体侧壁，所述第一槽体侧壁与第二槽体侧壁用于定义所述V型槽内的活动区间；所述自锁单元还具有相对于所述第一末端的第二末端，自所述第二末端延伸至所述第一末端的自锁单元侧壁，所述自锁单元的第二末端定位于所述V型槽的顶端中，所述自锁单元侧壁的长度略大于所述V型槽的深度，使得所述接触部略突出于所述V型槽，以与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的外管壁接触，所述自锁单元以所述第二末端为轴端在所述V型槽的所述活动区间内往复转动，而在所述释放状态与所述锁定状态之间切换，且其中，当所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态时，所述自锁单元的所述接触部接触所述导管的外管壁；当所述自锁单元处于所述锁定状态时，所述接触部对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，使得所述接触部与所述外管壁之间所产生的摩擦力增大，以借由所述接触部与所述外管壁之间所产生的足够的摩擦力，限制所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述自锁单元为片体结构。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述V型槽的第一槽体侧壁与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的轴线垂直，所述自锁单元具有单向自锁功能，且其中：
当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元侧壁接近所述第二槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第二槽体侧壁上，所述自锁单元的所述接触部接触所述导管的外管壁，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元侧壁由所述第二槽体侧壁向所述第一槽体侧壁的方向转动，以接近所述第一槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第一槽体侧壁上，所述接触部对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述V型槽还具有与所述第一槽体侧壁以及所述第二槽体侧壁等夹角的槽体基准中心面，所述槽体基准中心面与设置在所述定位导槽中的所述导管的轴线垂直，所述自锁单元具有双向自锁功能，且其中；当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元侧壁接近所述第一槽体侧壁或第二槽体侧壁，或者抵靠于所述第一槽体侧壁或第二槽体侧壁上，所述自锁单元的所述接触部接触所述导管的外管壁，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向或相对于所述定位导槽向相反于所述第一方向的第二方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的自锁单元侧壁由所述第一槽体侧壁或第二槽体侧壁向所述槽体基准中心面的方向转动，以接近所述槽体基准中心面，所述接触部对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述自锁单元为V型片结构，并具有一所述第二末端，二所述第一末端，自所述第二末端分别延伸至二所述第一末端的第一自锁单元侧壁与第二自锁单元侧壁，分别设置在二所述第一末端上的第一接触部与第二接触部， 以及分别与第一自锁单元侧壁以及第二自锁单元侧壁等夹角的自锁单元基准中心面；所述V型槽还具有分别与所述第一槽体侧壁、所述第二槽体侧壁等夹角的槽体基准中心面，所述槽体基准中心面与设置在所述定位导槽中的所述导管的所述轴线垂直，所述自锁单元的开口角度略小于所述V型槽的开口角度，所述自锁单元具有双向自锁功能，且其中，当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元基准中心面接近所述槽体基准中心面或与所述槽体基准中心面重合，所述自锁单元的所述第一接触部和所述第二接触部接触所述导管的外管壁，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元基准中心面由所述槽体基准中心面向所述第一槽体侧壁的方向转动，以使所述自锁单元的第一自锁单元侧壁接近或抵靠于所述V型槽的第一槽体侧壁上，所述第二接触部对于所述导管的外管壁产生的作用力增大，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态；或者当所述导管所述定位导槽向相反于所述第一方向的第二方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元基准中心面由所述槽体基准中心面向所述第二槽体侧壁的方向转动，以使所述第二自锁单元侧壁接近或抵靠于所述V型槽的第二槽体侧壁上，所述第一接触部对于所述导管的外管壁产生的作用力增大，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述自锁单元为V型片结构，并具有一所述第二末端，二所述第一末端，自所述第二末端分别延伸至二所述第一末端的第一自锁单元侧壁与第二自锁单元侧壁，分别设置在二所述第一末端上的第一接触部与第二接触部；所述V型槽的第一槽体侧壁与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的轴线垂直，所述自锁单元的开口角度略小于所述V型槽的开口角度，所述自锁单元具有单向自锁功能，且其中，当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的第二自锁单元侧壁接近或抵靠于所述第二槽体侧壁，所述第一接触部接触所述导管的外管壁，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元由所述第二槽体侧壁朝所述第一槽体侧壁的方向转动，以使所述第一自锁单元侧壁接近或抵靠于所述第一槽体侧壁，所述第一接触部对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，同时所述第二接触部接触导管的外管壁并对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，以借由第一接触部与第二接触部限制所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述自锁模块还具有基片，所述自锁单元为自所述基片的本体弯折延伸而形成，其中：所述V型槽还具有顶端，从所述顶端延伸的第一槽体侧壁与第二槽体侧壁，其中，所述顶端还开设有缝隙，所述第一槽体侧壁与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的轴线垂直；所述基片设置于所述基座上并位于所述V型槽的外侧，自所述基片上弯折延伸出的所述自锁单元可穿过所述缝隙而由所述V型槽的外侧延伸至所述V型槽的内部，并在所述第一槽体侧壁与所述第二槽体侧壁所限定的活动区间内往复转动，且设置在自锁单元的第一末端上的接触部略突出V型槽131，而与设置在定位导槽内的导管的外管壁接触；其中，当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元接近所述第二槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第二槽体侧壁上以处于所述释放状态，所述基片未发生形变；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动以偏离所述预设位置而处于偏离位置时，所述自锁单元随之由所述第二槽体侧壁向所述第一槽体侧壁的方向转动，以接近所述第一槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第一槽体侧壁上，以使所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态，且所述基片发生形变；且其中，当所述导管由所述偏离位置恢复定位于所述预设位置时，所述发生形变的基片对所述自锁单元提供自复位作用力，以令所述自锁单元由所述第一槽体侧壁向所述第二槽体侧壁的方向转动，以重新接近所述第二槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第二槽体侧壁上，使所述自锁模块自 动恢复至所述释放状态。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述接触部的形状与所述导管的外管壁的形状相适配。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述导管为圆形结构，所述接触部为弧形结构，且所述接触部还具有位于所述定位导槽的槽底的第一端以及位于所述定位导槽的槽口的第二端，其中，所述第二端的长度略短于所述第一端的长度，以便将所述导管安装于所述定位导槽中。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，当所述自锁单元处于所述锁定状态时，所述接触部的弧形结构中的弧面部分沿第三方向对所述导管的外管壁产生作用力，同时，所述接触部的第一端与第二端沿垂直于所述第三方向的第四方向分别对所述导管的外管壁产生作用力。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述自锁模块以成对形式或交错形式设置于所述定位导槽的相对两侧。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述定位导槽还具有限位部，用于将所述导管限制定位于所述定位导槽中。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述限位部为设置于所述定位导槽的槽口处的波浪形槽缘。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述定位导槽内还设有多个辅助定位单元，用于将所述导管辅助定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述自锁单元为由高分子材料、金属材料、或高分子材料以及金属材料的结合所制成。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述导管定位装置还具有位置调节组件，用于针对所述自锁模块或止挡模块设置于所述基座上的位置提供调节。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述基座为薄型基座。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述基座为厚型基座并具有上表面和侧面，所述自锁模块和/或所述定位导槽可设置于所述基座的上表面和/或侧面上。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述本体为人体皮肤，所述基座以粘附方式固定于所述本体上，且所述导管定位装置还包括粘附单元，所述基座固定于所述粘附单元的上表面，且所述粘附单元的下表面具有粘结剂，用于粘附于所述本体上。
可选地，在本申请的上述各实施例中，所述导管定位装置具有多个所述自锁模块，其中，当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁模块中的一部分由所述释放状态自动切换至所述锁定状态，以限制所述导管沿所述第一方向相对于所述定位导槽移动；以及当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向相反于所述第一方向的第二方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁模块中的另一部分由所述释放状态自动切换至所述锁定状态，以限制所述导管沿所述第二方向相对于所述定位导槽移动。
由以上技术方案可见，本申请实施例所提供的导管定位装置，借由自触发式的自锁模块，使得导管在定位于定位导槽内的预设位置时，自锁模块处于释放状态而不会对导管的外管壁产生明显的压力，故不会影响导管的排液效率；当导管在定位导槽内发生位移而偏离所述预设位置时，自锁模块将随之自动由释放状态切换至锁定状态，以限制导管相对于定位导槽移动，以实现单向或双向的导管定位功效。本申请的另一实施例的自锁模块还可在当施加在导管上的外力被释放后，自锁模块自动由锁定状态恢复至释放状态，从而确保导管的排液效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请实施例中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1A为显示本申请第一实施例的导管定位装置的整体结构立体示意图；
图1B及图1C分别为显示图1A的导管定位装置的侧视图及俯视图；
图1D为显示图1A的导管定位装置的分解示意图；
图2A及图2B分别显示图1A的导管定位装置的自锁模块处于释放状态时的不同视角的内部结构示意图；
图3A及图3B分别显示图1A的导管定位装置的自锁模块处于锁定状态时的不同视角的内部结构示意图；
图3C为显示图3A及图3B所示的自锁模块的侧视图；
图4A及图4B为显示本申请的导管定位装置的基座的不同实施例示意图；
图5为显示本申请的导管定位装置中的定位导槽的不同实施例图；
图6A至图6D为显示本申请的导管定位装置中的自锁单元以及接触部的不同实施例图；
图7A至图7D为显示本申请的导管定位装置的自锁单元的不同实施例图；
图8A至图8B为显示本申请的导管定位装置的自锁模块处于释放状态与锁定状态的一实施例图；
图9A至图9B为显示本申请的导管定位装置的自锁模块处于释放状态与锁定状态的另一实施例图；
图10A及图10B为显示本申请的导管定位装置的自锁模块具有自复位效果的实施例图；
图11A及图11B为显示本申请的导管定位装置中的辅助定位单元的实施例图；
图12A及图12B为显示本申请第二实施例的导管定位装置的整体结构立体示意图；以及
图13A至图13E为显示本申请的导管定位装置中的位置调节组件的实施例图。
元件标号
10导管定位装置；11基座；110增高单元；12定位导槽；121限位部；122辅助定位单元；13,130a～130c自锁模块；13a自锁模块的本体；13b自锁模块的盖体；131V型槽；1311顶端；1312第一槽体侧壁；1313第二槽体侧壁；C1槽体基准中心面；132自锁单元；1321第二末端；1322,1322a,1322b自锁单元侧壁；C2自锁单元基准中心面；133,133a,133b接触部(第一末端)；1330弧面部分；1331第一端；1332第二端；134基片；14止挡模块；15位置调节组件；151第一位置调节单元；152第一固定单元；153第二位置调节单元；154第二固定单元；16粘附单元；2导管；21外管壁。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的人员更好地理解本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请实施例一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请实施例中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请实施例保护的范围。
如图1A所示，本申请所提供的导管定位装置10用于将导管2定位于本体(未予图示)上。于本实施例中，所述本体例如为人体皮肤，导管2例如为在胸腹腔手术术后、创口引流、胃肠内营养输送等情况下留置在人体内的医用柔性导管。导管定位装置10透过将导管2的外露部分定位在人体皮肤上，使得留置于人体体内的导管2的内置部分不会发生位移，从而确保导管2的引流效果。
请配合参阅图1A至图1C，本申请第一实施例所提供的导管定位装置10主要包括基座11、定位导槽12、以及至少一自锁模块13。
基座11固设于本体(未予图示)上。于一实施例中，如图1A至图1C所示，基座11可设计为薄型基座，且当基座11为薄型基座时，导管2的一部分可与本体表面呈平行设置(参考图1B)。于另一实施例中，如图4A及图4B所示，基座11也可设计为厚型基座，且当基座11为厚型基座时，导管2的一部分可以与本体表面呈垂直设置(如图4B所示)，然并不以此为限，也可通过改变导管2的侧面的倾斜角度，而使导管2以倾斜方式设置在本体表面上。此外，针对厚型基座11的制作方式，视可依照实际使用需求，而以一体成型的方式进行制作，亦可透过在薄型基座11的基础上额外设置增高单元110的方式而以间接实现厚型基座的制作。
需说明的是，导管2与本体表面之间的设置方式并不完全取决于基座11的厚度，于又一实施例中，如图5所示，当基座11为薄型基座时，亦可透过将定位导槽12设置为立体弧形导槽，而使导管2的一部分与本体表面呈垂直设置。
此外，于本实施例中，基座11例如以粘附方式固定于本体(人体皮肤)上，且本申请的导管定位装置10还可包括粘附单元16，如图1A至图1C所示，其中，粘附单元16的上表面固定于基座11的底部，而粘附单元16的下表面具有粘结剂，以粘附在本体上，从而将基座11间接固定在本体上。然，并不以此为限，可利用其它方式实现基座11与本体之间的固定。
定位导槽12设置在基座11上，其用于容置导管2，具体而言，定位导槽12用于容置导管2设置在本体表面上的一部分。于本实施例中，定位导槽12如图1A所示，设计为平面型结构，此外，定位导槽12还可如图5所示，设计成立体型结构，然，并不以此为限，于实际应用中，可视依实际需求而将定位导槽12设计为其他结构形态。
此外，为了使导管2在使用过程中不易从定位导槽12中脱落，本申请的定位导槽12还具有限位部121，其用于将导管2限制定位于定位导槽12中。如图1A及图1C所示，于一实施例中，限位部121可例如为设置在定位导槽12的槽口处的一波浪形槽缘。
自锁模块13设置于基座11上，于本实施例中，自锁模块13可分别位于定位导槽12的相对两侧，具体而言，为在定位导槽12的相对两侧上分别设置至少一个自锁模块13，在图1A所示的实施例中，在定位导槽12的相对两侧上分别设置有三个自锁模块13，然，并不以此为限，自锁模块13的具体设置数量可依实际需求而进行调整。再者，于一较佳实施例中，自锁模块13可例如以成对方式布置在定位导槽12的相对两侧(如图2A、图2B、图3A及图3B所示)，然，并不以此为限，于其他实施例中，自锁模块13亦可以相互交错的方式布置在定位导槽12的相对两侧。
此外，定位导槽12与自锁模块13可依照不同的使用需求而设计为不同的结构形态，具体而言，在图1A所示的实施例中，定位导槽12及自锁模块13均设置在薄型基座11的上表面(如图1A所示)。在其他实施例中，例如当基座11设计为厚型基座时，定位导槽12和自锁模块13除可设置在基座11的上表面之外，亦可选择性地设置在基座11的侧面上。另外，当基座11呈现如图5所示的立体弧形导槽结构时，各自锁模块13亦可沿着定位导槽12的弧形立体结构而呈立体形态设置。
请配合参阅图1D、图2A、图2B、图3A以及图3B所示的自锁模块13的内部结构示意图，各自锁模块13中分别具有一V型槽131以及一自锁单元132。其中，自锁单元132 可活动地设置在V型槽131内，且在自锁单元132的第一末端上具有与设置在定位导槽12内的导管2的外管壁21接触的接触部133。
于一实施例中，自锁单元132可例如由高分子材料或金属材料，或者高分子材料与金属材料的结合所制成。于具体的实施例中，自锁单元132的制作材料及结构形态可依需固定的导管2的材质而决定，例如，若导管2属于相对较软的材质(例如适用于腹腔的硅胶、PU、TPU材质的软管)，自锁单元132可采用高分子材料(例如塑料)而制成。若导管2属于相对较硬的材质(例如适用于胸腔的PVC、PP、改进型PU材质的硬管)，则自锁单元132可采用金属材质而制成。
请配合参阅图6A至图6D，于一实施例中，接触部133可以与自锁单元132的本体一体成型(如图6A所示)，于其他实施例中，接触部133也可以是额外地设置在自锁单元132上的一独立部分，例如一胶条(如图6B所示)。此外，接触部133的形状与所述导管2的外管壁21的形状相适配，于本案的实施例中，导管2例如为圆形结构，则接触部133也相应设计为弧形结构(如图2A至图2B、图3A至图3B、以及图6A至图6D所示)。此外，接触部133还可依据实际使用需求而设计为有齿结构或无齿结构。其中，当自锁单元132为由高分子材料制成时，适于设计成无齿结构(如图6A所示)，而当自锁单元132为由金属材料制成时，则较适于设计为有齿结构(如图6C所示)。
请继续参阅图6C及图6D，于另一实施例中，接触部133还具有位于定位导槽12的槽底的第一端1331以及位于定位导槽12的槽口的第二端1332，其中，第二端1332的长度可略短于第一端1331的长度，以方便于将导管2安装在定位导槽12中的操作。
请配合参阅图1D，于实际的制作工艺中，定位导槽12与设置在定位导槽12的相对两侧上的多个自锁模块13的本体13a可以设计为一体成型，在自锁模块13的本体13a中开设形成有多个V型槽131，用于设置自锁单元132，自锁模块13还具有盖体13b，其可盖设于自锁模块13的本体13a上，以将自锁单元132定位于V型槽131内，且使自锁单元132可活动地容置于V型槽131内。于图1D所示的实施例中，自锁模块13的本体13a与盖体13b之间呈分离式设计，但并不以此为限，于其他实施例中，两者亦可为枢接式设计。此外，于其他实施例中，上述所提及的限位部121可直接形成在自锁模块13的盖体13b的靠近定位导槽12的槽口的一侧边缘上。
请接续参阅图2A、图2B、图3A及图3B，本申请的自锁单元132可通过在V型槽131内活动，以在释放状态(如图2A及图2B所示)以及锁定状态(如图3A至图3C所示)之间切换。具体而言，当导管2定位在定位导槽12内的预设位置时，各自锁模块13处于释放状态，于此状态下，导管定位装置10对于导管2的管壁的压力与内截面积几乎不产生影响，因此，不会对导管2的排液效率造成影响。而当导管2相对于定位导槽12发生移动而偏离预设位置时，由于自锁单元132的接触部133与导管2的外管壁21为相互接触的状态，因此，可借由接触部133与外管壁21之间相互接触而产生的摩擦力，使得自锁单元132在V型槽131内一并发生连动，从而由释放状态自动切换至锁定状态，以通过设置在定位导槽12的相对两侧的处于锁定状态的各自锁模块13之间的相互配合，而限制导管2相对于定位导槽12移动。
具体而言，如图2B及图3B所示，本申请的V型槽131还具有顶端1311、自顶端1311延伸的第一槽体侧壁1312与第二槽体侧壁1313，第一槽体侧壁1312与第二槽体侧壁1313用于定义自锁单元132在V型槽131内的活动区间范围。
自锁单元132具有相对于第一末端的第二末端1321，自第二末端1321延伸至第一末端(即接触部133的位置)的自锁单元侧壁1322，接触部133设置在自锁单元侧壁1322的第一末端上。其中，自锁单元132的第二末端1321定位于V型槽131的顶端1311内，自锁单元侧壁1322的长度可略长于V型槽131的深度，使得设置的第一末端上的接触部133略突出于V型槽131，以与设置在定位导槽12内的导管2的外管壁21相互接触。自 锁单元132以第二末端1321为轴端在V型槽131的活动区间内往复转动，而在释放状态与锁定状态之间切换。
其中，当自锁单元132处于释放状态时，自锁单元132的接触部133接触导管2的外管壁21，于此状态下，接触部133对于导管2的外管壁21几乎不产生作用力；而当自锁单元132随着导管2的位移发生连动，以由释放状态切换至锁定状态的过程中，接触部133对于导管2的外管壁21所产生的作用力将逐渐增大，使得接触部133与外管壁21之间所产生的摩擦力亦逐渐增大，以借由接触部133与外管壁21之间所产生的足够的摩擦力，限制外管壁21相对于接触部133滑动，从而间接实现将导管2定位于定位导槽12内的技术功效。
本申请的自锁模块13可具有多种结构形态及其设置配置，以下将示例性地介绍具有代表性的几种实施例，需注意的是，本案所列举的下述实施例并非打算穷尽自锁模块13的所有实施形态，合先叙明。
于一实施例中，本申请的自锁单元132为片体结构，在此情况下，V型槽131主要具有以下几种设计形态：
第一种设计形态如图2A至图2B以及图3A至图3B所示，于本实施例中，V型槽131的第一槽体侧壁1312与设置在定位导槽12内的导管2的轴线垂直，在此情况下，自锁单元132具有单向自锁功能。
具体而言，如图2A及图2B所示，当导管2定位于定位导槽12内的预设位置上时，自锁单元132的自锁单元侧壁1322呈现接近于第二槽体侧壁1313或抵靠于第二槽体侧壁1313上的状态，此时，自锁单元132的接触部133接触导管2的外管壁21，且接触部133对于外管壁21所产生的作用力极小，自锁单元132处于释放状态。
如图3A及图3B所示，当导管2相对于定位导槽12向第一方向移动(例如，沿着图3B的箭头D1所示方向移动)而偏离所述预设位置时，自锁单元132的自锁单元侧壁1322将随之由V型槽131的第二槽体侧壁1313逐渐向第一槽体侧壁1312的方向活动，以接近于第一槽体侧壁1312或直接抵靠在第一槽体侧壁1312上，且在自锁单元侧壁1322的活动过程中，接触部133对于导管2的外管壁21所产生的作用力逐渐增大，以使自锁单元132由释放状态逐步切换至锁定状态，于此状态下，设置在定位导槽12的相对两侧的均处于锁定状态下的各自锁单元132将限制导管2继续沿着箭头D1所示方向而相对于定位导槽12移动，从而实现单向自锁功能。
请配合参阅图3C，呈上所述，于本实施例中，导管2呈现为圆形结构，接触部133呈现为弧形结构，而为了避免处于锁定状态下的自锁模块13对于导管2的排液效率产生影响，当本申请的自锁单元132处于锁定状态时，设置于定位导槽12的相对两侧的接触部133的弧形结构中的弧面部分1330可沿第三方向(即图3C中A轴的方向)对导管2的外管壁21产生一作用力，同时，接触部133的第一端1331与第二端1332则沿垂直于第三方向的一第四方向(即图3C中B轴的方向)分别对导管2的外管壁21产生作用力，借以使得自锁单元132在处于锁定状态时，以环绕方式在导管2的外管壁21产生作用力，使得导管2在处于被锁定状态下仍能保持或基本保持其管壁维持原状而不易发生变形，进而避免影响导管2的排液效率。
另一种设计形态为V型槽131还具有分别与第一槽体侧壁1312、第二槽体侧壁1313等夹角的一槽体基准中心面，且槽体基准中心面与设置在定位导槽12中的导管2的轴线垂直，于此情况下，自锁单元132具有双向自锁的功能。具体而言，当导管2定位于定位导槽12内的预设位置时，自锁单元132处于释放状态，即自锁单元132的自锁单元侧壁1322接近于第一槽体侧壁1312或第二槽体侧壁1313，或者直接抵靠在第一槽体侧壁1312或第二槽体侧壁1313上，于此状态下，自锁单元131的接触部133接触所述导管2的外管壁21，且对于外管壁21几乎不产生作用力；当导管2相对于定位导槽12向第一 方向或相对于所述定位导槽12向相反于第一方向的第二方向移动而偏离预设位置时，自锁单元132的自锁单元侧壁1322将由V型槽131的第一槽体侧壁1312或第二槽体侧壁1313逐渐向槽体基准中心面的方向转动，以接近槽体基准中心面而未与槽体基准中心面完全重合，此时，接触部133对于导管2的外管壁21所产生的作用力亦逐渐增大，自锁单元132由释放状态自动切换至锁定状态。于此状态下，设置在定位导槽12的相对两侧且均处于锁定状态下的自锁单元132将限制导管2相对于定位导槽12沿着第一方向或相反于第一方向的第二方向移动，从而实现双向自锁功能。此实施例的优点在于，可在不改变导管定位装置10中各组成部件的设计形状及设计位置的前提下，仅通过调整自锁模块13在处于释放状态时，自锁单元132相对于V型槽131的设置位置(即令自锁单元132呈接近或抵靠于第一槽体侧壁1312，或呈接近或抵靠于第二槽体侧壁1313)，即可调节自锁单元132的自锁移动方向，具有设置灵活度高的特点。
于另一实施例中，本申请的自锁单元132设计为V型片结构，包括如图7A及图7B所示的对称性V型片结构，或是如图7C及图7D所示的非对称性V型片结构。在此情况下，V型槽131主要设计形态如下：
请配合参阅图7A、图7B、图8A及图8B，于第一种设计形态中，呈对称性V型片结构设计的自锁单元132(如图7A及图7B所示)具有一第二末端1321，二第一末端，自第二末端1321分别至延伸两个第一末端的第一自锁单元侧壁1322a，第二自锁单元侧壁1322b，分别设置在两个第一末端上的第一接触部133a与第二接触部133b，以及分别与第一自锁单元侧壁1322a和第二自锁单元侧壁1322b等夹角的自锁单元基准中心面C2。如图8A和图8B所示，V型槽131还具有分别与第一槽体侧壁1312、第二槽体侧壁1313等夹角的基准中心面C1，其中，槽体基准中心面C1与设置在定位导槽12中的导管2的轴线相互垂直，且由图8A及图8B可以看出，自锁单元132的开口角度(即自锁单元侧壁1322a，1322b之间形成的夹角)略小于V型槽131的开口角度(即第一槽体侧壁1312、第二槽体侧壁1313之间形成的夹角)，使得自锁单元132可在V型槽131内活动。
如图8A所示，当导管2定位于定位导槽12内的预设位置时，自锁单元基准中心面C2接近于槽体基准中心面C1，或者自锁单元基准中心面C2与槽体基准中心面C1相互重合，此时，自锁单元132的第一接触部133a和第二接触部133b同时接触导管2的外管壁21，自锁单元132处于释放状态。
于一实施例中，当导管2相对于定位导槽12向第一方向移动时(未予图示)，自锁单元132将随着导管2的移动而在V型槽131内发生连动，使得自锁单元基准中心面C2自槽体基准中心面C1向第一槽体侧壁1312的方向偏移，以使自锁单元132的第一自锁单元侧壁1322a接近或抵靠于V型槽131的第一槽体侧壁1312上，此时，第二接触部133b对于导管2的外管壁21产生的作用力增大，自锁单元132将由释放状态切换至锁定状态，以限制导管2相对于定位导槽12向第一方向移动。
于另一实施例中，如图8B所示，当导管2相对于定位导槽12向相反于第一方向的第二方向(例如箭头D2所示的方向)发生移动时，自锁单元132将随着导管2的移动而在V型槽131内朝第二方向(图8B中箭头D2所示的方向)转动，使得自锁单元基准中心面C2由槽体基准中心面C1向第二槽体侧壁1313的方向偏移，此时，自锁单元132的第二自锁单元侧壁1322b将逐渐接近V型槽131的第二槽体侧壁1313，直至抵靠在V型槽131的第二槽体侧壁1313上，而第一接触部133a对于导管2的外管壁21所产生的作用力将增大，使得自锁单元132由释放状态自动切换(如图8A所示状态)至锁定状态(图8B所示状态)，以借由第一接触部133a与外管壁21之间所产生的足够的摩擦力，而限制导管2相对于定位导槽12向第二方向(图8B中箭头D2所示的方向)移动。
请配合参阅图7C、图7D、图9A及图9B，于另一种设计形态中，呈非对称性V型片结构设计的自锁单元132(如图7C及图7D所示)具有一第二末端1321，二第一末端， 自第二末端1321分别延伸至两个第一末端的第一自锁单元侧壁1322a与第二自锁单元侧壁1322b，设置在两个第一末端上的第一接触部133a与第二接触部133b，V型槽131亦呈现非对称性设置，亦即，V型槽131的第一槽体侧壁1312与设置在定位导槽12内的导管2的轴线垂直，自锁单元132的开口角度(即第一自锁单元侧壁1322a与第二自锁单元侧壁1322b之间形成的夹角)亦略小于V型槽131的开口角度(即第一槽体侧壁1312与第二槽体侧壁1313之间形成的夹角)，于本实施例中，自锁单元132具有单向自锁的功能。
具体而言，如图9A所示，当导管2定位于定位导槽12内的预设位置上时，自锁单元132的第二自锁单元侧壁1322b接近或抵靠于V型槽131的第二槽体侧壁1313上，于此状态下，第一接触部133a接触导管2的外管壁21，自锁单元132处于释放状态。
如图9B所示，当导管2相对于定位导槽12向第一方向(例如图9B中箭头D3所示的方向)移动而偏离预设位置时，自锁单元132由第二槽体侧壁1313朝第一槽体侧壁1312的方向移动，以使自锁单元132的第一自锁单元侧壁1322a接近或抵靠在第一槽体侧壁1312上，此时，第一自锁单元侧壁1322a上的第一接触部133a对于导管2的外管壁21所产生的作用力增大，同时第二自锁单元侧壁1322b上的第二接触部133b亦接触导管2的外管壁21，且对导管2的外管壁21所产生的作用力亦逐渐增大(原则上，第二接触部133b针对导管2的外管壁21所产生的所用力小于第一接触部133a针对导管2的外管壁21所产生的所用力)，以同时借由第一接触部133a与第二接触部133b来限制导管2相对于定位导槽12沿第一方向(图9B中箭头D3所示的方向)移动，从而完成自锁单元132由图9A所示的释放状态至图9B所示的锁定状态的自动切换过程，并实现自触发锁定的技术功效。本实施例的优点在于，借由第一接触部133a与第二接触部133b两者同时针对导管2的移动产生摩擦限制，因此，可以提高对于导管2的定位效果。
于本案的其他实施例中，自锁模块13还可具有自复位的技术功效，以避免处于锁定状态下的自锁模块13对于导管2的排液效率产生影响。
如图10A及图10B所示，于本实施例中，自锁模块13中还具有基片134，自锁单元132为从基片134的本体弯折延伸而形成。V型槽131同样具有顶端1311，从顶端1311延伸的第一槽体侧壁1312与第二槽体侧壁1313，其中，V型槽131的第一槽体侧壁1312与设置在定位导槽12内的导管2的轴线相互垂直。再者，于V型槽131的顶端1311处还开设有缝隙1314，基片134为设置在基座11上并位于V型槽131的外侧，而自基片134上弯折延伸出的自锁单元132可穿过位于V型槽131的顶端1311处的缝隙1314而由V型槽131的外侧延伸至V型槽131的内部，并在V型槽131的第一槽体侧壁1312与第二槽体侧壁1313所限定的活动区间内往复转动，设置在自锁单元132的第一末端上的接触部133则略突出V型槽131，并与设置在定位导槽12内的导管2的外管壁21相接触。
其中，当导管2定位于定位导槽12内的预设位置时，自锁单元132呈现接近V型槽131的第二槽体侧壁1313或抵靠于第二槽体侧壁1313上的状态，此时，自锁单元132处于释放状态，且基片134未发生形变。
当导管2受到外力作用，而相对于定位导槽12移动以偏离预设位置而处于偏离位置时，借由与导管2的外管壁21相互接触的接触部133，使得自锁单元132随着导管2的移动方向而由第二槽体侧壁1313向第一槽体侧壁1312的方向转动，以接近V型槽131的第一槽体侧壁1312或抵靠于第一槽体侧壁1312上，使得自锁单元132由释放状态切换至锁定状态，且于锁定状态下，基片134会发生形变。
当导管2所受的外力被释放，而由偏离位置恢复定位于预设位置上时，发生形变的基片134可针对自锁单元132提供一自复位作用力，以令自锁单元132由第一槽体侧壁1312向第二槽体侧壁1313的方向转动，以重新接近第二槽体侧壁1313或抵靠于第二槽 体侧壁1313上，从而使得自锁模块13在基片134的作用下可自动由锁定状态恢复至释放状态，由于处于释放状态下的自锁单元132的接触部133对导管2的外管壁21几乎不产生作用力，因此可以避免对导管2的排液效率产生影响。
于本申请的其他实施例中，为了实现较佳的定位效果，于本案的定位导槽12内还可额外设置多个辅助定位单元122，用于将导管2辅助定位于定位导槽12内的预设位置。如图5，图11A及图11B所示，本申请的辅助定位单元122可例如为分设在定位导槽12的内侧壁上的多个辅助定位凸块。
于另一实施例中，自锁模块13除了设置在定位导槽12的相对两侧之外，亦可仅设置在定位导槽12的一侧。具体而言，请配合参阅图12A及图12B，于本实施例中，导管定位装置10还具有止挡模块14，其中，止挡模块14设置在基板11上，并位于定位导槽12的一侧，而自锁模块13则设于基座11上并位于定位导槽12的相对于止挡模块14的另一侧，其中，自锁模块13中亦具有V型槽131和自锁单元132，自锁单元132中还具有接触部133，其中，接触部133可与止挡模块14相配合，使得接触部133与设置在定位导槽12内的导管2的外管壁21相接触。且其中，当导管2定位在定位导槽12的预设位置上时，自锁单元132处于释放状态；而当导管2相对于定位导槽12移动而偏离预设位置时，借由相互接触的接触部133与导管2的外管壁21，使得自锁单元132在V型槽131内发生连动，而由释放状态自动切换至锁定状态，并借由处于锁定状态的自锁单元132与止挡模块14相配合而限制导管2相对于定位导槽12移动。
请继续参阅图13A至图13E，为了实现针对不同管径的导管2的定位效果，于另一实施例中，导管定位装置10还具有位置调节组件15，其用于针对自锁模块13(如图13A所示的实施例)或止挡模块14(如图13B所示的实施例)设置在基座11上的位置提供调节。于本实施例中，可将设置在定位导槽11的一侧上的自锁模块13或止挡模块14设置为可活动模式，透过调节可活动模式的自锁模块13或止挡模块14设置在基座11上的具体位置，而实现调节设置在定位导槽11的相对两侧的自锁模块13之间(或自锁模块13与止挡模块14之间)的间距的技术效果，以适应于不同管径的导管2。
具体而言，位置调节组件15包括设置在基座11上的第一位置调节单元151及第一固定单元152(如图13C所示)，以及设置于自锁模块13或止挡模块14的底面(即自锁模块13或止挡模块14与基板11接触的一面)上的第二位置调节单元153与第二固定单元154(如图13D所示)，其中，第一位置调节单元151与第二位置调节单元153相互配合，以供调整自锁模块13/止挡模块14安装在基座11上的位置，而第一固定单元152则与第二固定单元154相互配合，以将自锁模块13/止挡模块14固定在基座11上。如图13C至图13E所示，本实施例中，第一固定单元152为开设在基座11上的多个椭圆形的开口，第二固定单元154则为可第一固定单元152滑动的圆形滑块，其中，第二固定单元154可通过相对于第一固定单元152进行旋转而在非锁定状态与锁定状态之间切换，其中，当第二固定单元154处于非锁定状态下时，其可在第一固定单元152中滑动，以供调整自锁模块13/止挡模块14安装在基座11上的位置，当第二固定单元154处于锁定状态下时，可将第二固定单元154锁定在第一固定单元152中的所需位置上，而将自锁模块13/止挡模块14固定在基座11上。需说明的是，上述第一位置调节单元151、第一固定单元152、第二位置调节单元153与第二固定单元154的结构形态并非仅限于附图所示的实施例，其他结构形态亦可适用于本案。
再者，于另一实施例中，可透过令设置在同一基座11上的不同自锁模块13实现针对不同方向上的限位效果，而针对定位导槽12的导管2实现双向自锁的技术功效。具体而言，如图13C所示，于本实施例中，基座11上设置有三个自锁模块130a,130b，130c，其中，自锁模块130a的锁定方向与自锁模块130b及130c的锁定方向相反，因此，当导管2相对于定位导槽12向第一方向移动而偏离预设位置时，自锁模块130a将由释放状 态自动切换至锁定状态，以限制导管2沿第一方向相对于定位导槽12移动；反之，当导管2相对于定位导槽12向相反于第一方向的第二方向移动而偏离预设位置时，则自锁模块130b及130c将由释放状态自动切换至锁定状态，从而限制导管2沿第二方向相对于定位导槽12移动，从而实现双向锁定的技术功效。
由以上技术方案可见，本申请实施例通过提供一种具有自触发锁定机制的导管定位装置，可对导管实现单向或双向的定位功能，且在导管未发生位移的情况下，导管定位装置对于导管的管壁的压力与内截面积的影响极小，故不会对导管的排液效率产生影响，当导管受外力作用而产生位移或即将产生移位的趋势时，本发明的导管定位装置中的自锁单元可被瞬间激发以从释放状态切换至锁定状态，使得导管与导管定位装置之间的摩擦力瞬间增大，以确保导管被牢靠锁定，而防止其发生位移。
此外，本申请另一实施例所提供的导管定位装置还可在当导管上的外力被释放后，导管固定位装置中的自锁单元自动由锁定状态恢复至释放状态，以避免对导管的排液效率产生影响。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种导管定位装置，用于将导管定位于本体上，其特征在于，包括：
    基座，其固设于所述本体上；
    定位导槽，其设于所述基座上，用于容置所述导管；以及
    多个自锁模块，其设于所述基座上并位于所述定位导槽的相对两侧，各所述自锁模块具有：
    V型槽；以及
    自锁单元，其可活动地设置于所述V型槽内，所述自锁单元的第一末端具有与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的外管壁接触的接触部，通过所述自锁单元在所述V型槽内活动，以在释放状态以及锁定状态之间切换；且其中，
    当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的预设位置时，各所述自锁模块处于所述释放状态；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动而偏离所述预设位置时，借由相互接触的所述接触部与所述导管的外管壁，使得所述自锁单元在所述V型槽内发生连动，而由所述释放状态自动切换至所述锁定状态，以借由设置在所述定位导槽的相对两侧且处于锁定状态的所述自锁模块的相互配合，而限制所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动。
  2. 一种导管定位装置，用于将导管定位于本体上，其特征在于，包括：
    基座，其固设于所述本体上；
    定位导槽，其设于所述基座上，用于容置所述导管；
    止挡模块，其设于所述基座上并位于所述定位导槽的一侧；以及
    至少一自锁模块，其设于所述基座上并位于所述定位导槽的相对于所述止挡模块的另一侧，各所述自锁模块具有：
    V型槽；以及
    自锁单元，其可活动地设置于所述V型槽内，且于所述自锁单元的第一末端上设有接触部，所述接触部与所述止挡模块相配合，而使所述接触部与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的外管壁相接触，所述自锁单元通过在所述V型槽内活动，以在释放状态以及锁定状态之间切换；且其中，
    当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的预设位置时，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动而偏离所述预设位置时，借由相互接触的所述接触部与所述导管的外管壁，使得所述自锁单元在所述V型槽内发生连动，而由所述释放状态自动切换至所述锁定状态，并借由处于所述锁定状态的所述自锁单元与所述止挡模块相配合而限制所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，于所述自锁模块中，
    所述V型槽还具有顶端、自所述顶端延伸的第一槽体侧壁与第二槽体侧壁，所述第一槽体侧壁与第二槽体侧壁用于定义所述V型槽内的活动区间；
    所述自锁单元还具有相对于所述第一末端的第二末端，自所述第二末端延伸至所述第一末端的自锁单元侧壁，所述自锁单元的第二末端定位于所述V型槽的顶端中，所述自锁单元侧壁的长度略大于所述V型槽的深度，使得设置在所述第一末端的所述接触部略突出于所述V型槽，以与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的外管壁接触，所述自锁单元以所述第二末端为轴端在所述V型槽的所述活动区间内往复转动，而在所述释放状态与所述锁定状态之间切换，且其中，
    当所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态时，所述自锁单元的所述接触部接触所述导管的外管壁；当所述自锁单元处于所述锁定状态时，所述接触部对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，使得所述接触部与所述外管壁之间所产生的摩擦力增大，以借由所述接 触部与所述外管壁之间所产生的足够的摩擦力，限制所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述自锁单元为片体结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述V型槽的第一槽体侧壁与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的轴线垂直，所述自锁单元具有单向自锁功能，且其中：
    当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元侧壁接近所述第二槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第二槽体侧壁上，所述自锁单元的所述接触部接触所述导管的外管壁，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；
    当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元侧壁由所述第二槽体侧壁向所述第一槽体侧壁的方向转动，以接近所述第一槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第一槽体侧壁上，所述接触部对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述V型槽还具有与所述第一槽体侧壁以及所述第二槽体侧壁等夹角的槽体基准中心面，所述槽体基准中心面与设置在所述定位导槽中的所述导管的轴线垂直，所述自锁单元具有双向自锁功能，且其中；
    当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元侧壁接近所述第一槽体侧壁或第二槽体侧壁，或者抵靠于所述第一槽体侧壁或第二槽体侧壁上，所述自锁单元的所述接触部接触所述导管的外管壁，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；
    当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向或相对于所述定位导槽向相反于所述第一方向的第二方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的自锁单元侧壁由所述第一槽体侧壁或第二槽体侧壁向所述槽体基准中心面的方向转动，以接近所述槽体基准中心面，所述接触部对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述自锁单元为V型片结构，并具有一所述第二末端，二所述第一末端，自所述第二末端分别延伸至二所述第一末端的第一自锁单元侧壁与第二自锁单元侧壁，分别设置在二所述第一末端上的第一接触部与第二接触部，以及分别与第一自锁单元侧壁以及第二自锁单元侧壁等夹角的自锁单元基准中心面；所述V型槽还具有分别与所述第一槽体侧壁、所述第二槽体侧壁等夹角的槽体基准中心面，所述槽体基准中心面与设置在所述定位导槽中的所述导管的所述轴线垂直，所述自锁单元的开口角度略小于所述V型槽的开口角度，所述自锁单元具有双向自锁功能，且其中，
    当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元基准中心面接近所述槽体基准中心面或与所述槽体基准中心面重合，所述自锁单元的所述第一接触部和所述第二接触部接触所述导管的外管壁，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；
    当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元基准中心面由所述槽体基准中心面向所述第一槽体侧壁的方向转动，以使所述自锁单元的第一自锁单元侧壁接近或抵靠于所述V型槽的第一槽体侧壁上，所述第二接触部对于所述导管的外管壁产生的作用力增大，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态；或者当所述导管相对所述定位导槽向相反于所述第一方向的第二方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的所述自锁单元基准中心面由所述槽体基准中心面向所述第二槽体侧壁的方向转动，以使所述第二自锁单元侧壁接近或抵靠于所述V型槽的第二槽体侧壁上，所述第一接触部对于所述导管的外管壁产生的作用力增 大，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述自锁单元为V型片结构，并具有一所述第二末端，二所述第一末端，自所述第二末端分别延伸至二所述第一末端的第一自锁单元侧壁与第二自锁单元侧壁，分别设置在二所述第一末端上的第一接触部与第二接触部；所述V型槽的第一槽体侧壁与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的轴线垂直，所述自锁单元的开口角度略小于所述V型槽的开口角度，所述自锁单元具有单向自锁功能，且其中，
    当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元的第二自锁单元侧壁接近或抵靠于所述第二槽体侧壁，所述第一接触部接触所述导管的外管壁，所述自锁单元处于所述释放状态；
    当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元由所述第二槽体侧壁朝所述第一槽体侧壁的方向转动，以使所述第一自锁单元侧壁接近或抵靠于所述第一槽体侧壁，所述第一接触部对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，同时所述第二接触部接触导管的外管壁并对所述导管的外管壁所产生的作用力增大，以借由第一接触部与第二接触部限制所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动，所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述自锁模块还具有基片，所述自锁单元为自所述基片的本体弯折延伸而形成，其中：
    所述V型槽还具有顶端，从所述顶端延伸的第一槽体侧壁与第二槽体侧壁，其中，所述顶端还开设有缝隙，所述第一槽体侧壁与设置在所述定位导槽内的所述导管的轴线垂直；
    所述基片设置于所述基座上并位于所述V型槽的外侧，自所述基片上弯折延伸出的所述自锁单元可穿过所述缝隙而由所述V型槽的外侧延伸至所述V型槽的内部，并在所述第一槽体侧壁与所述第二槽体侧壁所限定的活动区间内往复转动，且设置在所述自锁单元的第一末端上的接触部略突出V型槽，而与设置在定位导槽内的导管的外管壁接触；其中，
    当所述导管定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置时，所述自锁单元接近所述第二槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第二槽体侧壁上以处于所述释放状态，所述基片未发生形变；当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽移动以偏离所述预设位置而处于偏离位置时，所述自锁单元随之由所述第二槽体侧壁向所述第一槽体侧壁的方向转动，以接近所述第一槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第一槽体侧壁上，以使所述自锁单元由所述释放状态切换至所述锁定状态，且所述基片发生形变；且其中，
    当所述导管由所述偏离位置恢复定位于所述预设位置时，所述发生形变的基片对所述自锁单元提供自复位作用力，以令所述自锁单元由所述第一槽体侧壁向所述第二槽体侧壁的方向转动，以接近所述第二槽体侧壁或抵靠于所述第二槽体侧壁上，使所述自锁模块自动恢复至所述释放状态。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述接触部的形状与所述导管的外管壁的形状相适配。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述导管为圆形结构，所述接触部为弧形结构，且所述接触部还具有位于所述定位导槽的槽底的第一端以及位于所述定位导槽的槽口的第二端，其中，所述第二端的长度略短于所述第一端的长度，以便将所述导管安装于所述定位导槽中。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，当所述自锁单元处于所述锁定状态时，所述接触部的弧形结构中的弧面部分沿第三方向对所述导管的外管壁产生作用力，同时，所述接触部的第一端与第二端沿垂直于所述第三方向的第四方向分别 对所述导管的外管壁产生作用力。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述自锁模块以成对形式或交错形式设置于所述定位导槽的相对两侧。
  14. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述定位导槽还具有限位部，用于将所述导管限制定位于所述定位导槽中。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述限位部为设置于所述定位导槽的槽口处的波浪形槽缘。
  16. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述定位导槽内还设有多个辅助定位单元，用于将所述导管辅助定位于所述定位导槽内的所述预设位置。
  17. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述自锁单元为由高分子材料、金属材料、或高分子材料以及金属材料的结合所制成。
  18. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述导管定位装置还具有位置调节组件，用于针对所述自锁模块或所述止挡模块设置于所述基座上的位置提供调节。
  19. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述基座为薄型基座。
  20. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述基座为厚型基座并具有上表面和侧面，所述自锁模块和/或所述定位导槽可设置于所述基座的上表面和/或侧面上。
  21. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述本体为人体皮肤，所述基座以粘附方式固定于所述本体上，且所述导管定位装置还包括粘附单元，所述基座固定于所述粘附单元的上表面，且所述粘附单元的下表面具有粘结剂，用于粘附于所述本体上。
  22. 根据权利要求1或2所述的导管定位装置，其特征在于，所述导管定位装置具有多个所述自锁模块，其中，
    当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向第一方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁模块中的一部分由所述释放状态自动切换至所述锁定状态，以限制所述导管沿所述第一方向相对于所述定位导槽移动；以及
    当所述导管相对于所述定位导槽向相反于所述第一方向的第二方向移动而偏离所述预设位置时，所述自锁模块中的另一部分由所述释放状态自动切换至所述锁定状态，以限制所述导管沿所述第二方向相对于所述定位导槽移动。
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