WO2020029019A1 - Novel precipitated silica and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a precipitated silica, which is a siloxane consisting of a D unit and a Q unit, wherein the D unit and the Q unit are provided at a weight ratio of 0.05 to 0.19, the Q unit is SiO 4-; and the D unit is (CH 3) 2SiO 2-, (CH 3)HSiO 2-, H 2SiO 2-, (C 6H 5) 2SiO 2-, C 6H 5CH 3SiO 2-, C 6H 5HSiO 2-. Further provided is a method for preparing the precipitated silica, comprising: subjecting a substance from which the Q unit is derived and a substance from which the D unit is derived to a condensation reaction with water at a pH of 8 to 11 to generate a condensate, which is rinsed and dried to obtain the precipitated silica. Incorporation of the D unit in the precipitated silica in addition to the Q unit, coupled with the control of the weight ratio of the D unit to the Q unit, can address the problem of dispersion of precipitated silica.

Description

Novel precipitated white carbon black and preparation method thereof Technical field

The present invention relates to silica, and more particularly, to a novel precipitated white carbon black and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Precipitated silica is also called hydrated silica, activated silica, precipitated silica, and precipitated hydrated silica. Its chemical structure is the Q unit of Si, namely SiO _4- . It is mainly used for natural rubber and synthetic rubber. Reinforcing agents, matting agents for coatings, etc. The existing precipitated white carbon powder has serious agglomeration, which brings great inconvenience to its dispersion in rubber, coatings, etc., and limits its function.

CN201310374881.9, US9688784B2, US8846806B2 each disclose a method for improving the dispersion of precipitated white carbon black. These dispersion methods all improve the dispersibility by adding polymer surfactants, and obviously do not solve the dispersion problem at all.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned dispersibility problem in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a novel precipitated white carbon black and a preparation method thereof.

The invention provides a new precipitated white carbon black, which is a siloxane composed of D units and Q units, wherein the weight ratio of D units to Q units is between 0.05 and 0.19, where Q unit = SiO _4- ; D unit = (CH ₃ ) ₂ SiO _2- , (CH ₃ ) HSiO _2- , H ₂ SiO _2- , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ SiO _2- , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ SiO _2- , C ₆ H ₅ HSiO _2- .

Experiments show that too many Q units in the new precipitated white carbon black will cause serious agglomeration and are not easy to disperse, while too many D units will make the powder show dimethyl silicone oil or dimethyl silicone rubber properties, so it cannot be used as filler Strong waiting.

The specific surface area of the new precipitated white carbon black is greater than 100 m ² / g. Preferably, the specific surface area is between ^{150m 2 / g-270m 2 /} g.

The invention also provides a method for preparing a new type of precipitated white carbon black, in which a substance that generates Q units and a substance that generates D units are subjected to a water condensation reaction under an environment of pH 8-11 to form a condensate, and the condensate is washed and dried A new type of precipitated white carbon black is obtained, and the weight ratio of D units to Q units in the new type of precipitated white carbon is between 0.05 and 0.19; wherein the substance that generates Q units is selected from at least one of the group consisting of One type: water glass, tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, tetrachlorosilane; wherein the substance generating D units is at least one selected from the group consisting of: (CH ₃ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , (CH ₃ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , (CH ₃ ) HSi (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , (CH ₃ ) HSi (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , H ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , H ₂ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ HSi (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ HSi (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , (CH ₃ ) ₂ SiCl ₂ , (CH ₃ ) HSiCl ₂ , (CH ₃ ) HSiCl ₂ , H ₂ SiCl ₂ , H ₂ SiCl ₂ , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ SiCl ₂ , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ SiCl ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ SiCl ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ HSiCl ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ HSiCl ₂ .

Preferably, the condensate is washed with filter press water, and the filter cake is heated and dried in an electric furnace to be dispersed into a finished product. The filter cake can also be spray-dried and dispersed into a finished product after repulping.

The preparation method includes adding a silane coupling agent for processing to improve the affinity with the organic polymer. Preferably, the silane coupling agent may be added at the same time as the substance that generates D units, or may be added after the condensation product is formed, or it may be added after the condensation product is washed.

Preferably, the silane coupling agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following coupling agents: vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, 2- (3,4 Epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane, (3-glycidoxypropyl) methyldiethoxysilane, (3- Glycidoxypropyl) triethoxysilane, p-styryltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyl Methyldiethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2aminoethyl-3-aminopropylmethyldi Methoxysilane, N-2aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane , 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-triethoxysilyl-N- (1,3-dimethyl-butylene) propylamine and partially hydrolyzed substances, N-phenyl-3-amino Propyltrimethoxysilane, N-vinylbenzyl-2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane hydrochloride, 3-ureido Propyltriethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, bis (triethoxysilane) (Propyl) tetrasulfide, 3-isocyanatepropyltriethoxysilane.

The preparation method includes the steps of: S1, providing an aqueous solution of a substance that generates Q units; and S2, adding a substance that generates D units to the aqueous solution to perform a water condensation reaction. It should be understood that the substance that generates D units can also be added to the solvent to form an aqueous solution at the same time as the substance that generates Q units to perform a water condensation reaction.

In the step S1, the aqueous solution is an aqueous solution of water glass with a silica mass fraction of 2-10%. Preferably, the water glass is diluted with deionized water to a silica mass fraction of 2-10% in order to control the reaction. Specifically, water glass having a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution having a silica mass fraction of 5%.

In step S1, the aqueous solution is an alcohol-water mixed solution of tetraethoxysilane (or tetrachlorosilane), such as an isopropanol aqueous solution. Specifically, 173.6 g of tetraethoxysilane (or 142 g of tetrachlorosilane) was dissolved in 800 g of a 50% by weight aqueous solution of isopropanol.

In step S2, the water-containing condensation reaction is performed in a range of room temperature to 100 degrees. Preferably, the water-containing condensation reaction is heated to 50-70 degrees, preferably 60 degrees, under stirring conditions. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrocondensation reaction is performed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer.

In step S2, the pH is adjusted to 8-11 directly to perform the water condensation reaction before adding the substance that generates D units. In a preferred embodiment, the pH of the D-unit-generating substance is adjusted to be acidic before the D-unit-generating substance is added to facilitate the dissolution of the D-unit-generating substance in an aqueous solution, and then the pH is adjusted to 8-11 to perform the water condensation reaction. For example, after the pH of the aqueous solution is adjusted to 3, a substance that generates D units is added, and then adjusted to 9 to perform a water condensation reaction. In a preferred embodiment, the pH is adjusted by the dropwise addition of sulfuric acid (or ammonia or an inorganic base such as an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide), preferably sulfuric acid (or ammonia or an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide) at a concentration of 5% (mass fraction) is added dropwise Adjust the pH. In a preferred embodiment,

Compared with the existing precipitated white carbon composed of only Q units, the novel precipitated white carbon of the present invention introduces D units on the basis of Q units, that is, R ₁ R ₂ SiO _2- (R ₁ and R ₂ are Hydrocarbon or hydrogen can be independently selected), and the weight ratio of D units to Q units is controlled between 0.05-0.19 in a targeted manner, which can solve the dispersion problem of precipitated white carbon black. The specific surface area of the novel precipitated white carbon black according to the present invention is greater than 100 m ² / g, which can maintain the filler effect such as the reinforcement of the precipitated white carbon black.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given below and described in detail.

Judging the difficulty of the dispersion of the powder obtained in the following examples includes the method of placing the powder in methyl ethyl ketone and measuring the intensity distribution by irradiating with 500W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. D _{90 is} less than 20 microns for easy dispersion, and D _{90 is} greater than 50 microns for difficult dispersion.

The Q unit and D unit content in the powders obtained in the following examples can be determined from the chemical integral of the solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrum in the range of -80 to -120 ppm. The integrated area of the front within the 30 ppm range (proportional to the D unit content) was calculated. References: Separation and Purification Technology Volume 25, Issues 1–3, 1 October 2001, Pages 391-397, ²⁹ Si NMR and Si2p XPS correlation in polysiloxane membranes prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition.

Example 1

The water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees under stirring conditions, and the pH was adjusted to 8 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. 7 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added and reacted at 60 degrees for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 1.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.086. The powder was put into methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after irradiating with 500 W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. It was found that D ₉₀ was 12 μm. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 190 m ² / g.

Example 2

The water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees under stirring conditions, sulfuric acid with a concentration of 5% was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 3, and 15.5 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added. After sulfuric acid having a concentration of 5% was added dropwise to adjust the pH to 11, the reaction was carried out at 60 degrees for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 2.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.19. The powder was put into methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after irradiating with 500W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. It was found that D90 was 8 microns. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 270 m ² / g.

Example 3

Water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 2%, and 2,500 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees under stirring conditions, and the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. 7 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added, and after stirring for 30 minutes, 3 g of vinyltrimethoxysilane was added. The reaction was carried out at 60 ° C for 18 hours with stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 3.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.086. The powder was placed in methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after irradiating with 500W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. The D90 was found to be 10 microns. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 205 m ² / g.

Example 4

Water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 10%, and 500 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees under stirring conditions, and the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. 7 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added, and after stirring for 30 minutes, 3 g of bis (triethoxysilyl) tetrasulfide was added. The reaction was carried out at 60 ° C for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 4.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.086. The powder was placed in methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after irradiating with 500W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. The D90 was found to be 15 microns. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 185 m ² / g.

Example 5

Water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a stirrer. Under stirring conditions, the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. 7 grams of dimethyldimethoxysilane and 3 grams of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane were added. The reaction was carried out at room temperature for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 5.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.086. The powder was placed in methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after irradiating with 500W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. The D90 was found to be 10 microns. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 195 m ² / g.

Example 6

Water glass having a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution having a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel equipped with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 100 degrees under stirring conditions, and the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. 4.2 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added and reacted at 100 ° C for 8 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 6.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.051. The powder was put into methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after being irradiated with a 500 W ultrasonic wave for 3 minutes. It was found that D90 was 19 micrometers. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 190 m ² / g.

Comparative Example 1

The water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees under stirring conditions, and the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. 3.7 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added, and the reaction was carried out at 60 degrees for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain a powder of Comparative Example 1.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.045. The powder was placed in methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after being irradiated with 500W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. The D90 was found to be 75 microns. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 200 m ² / g.

Comparative Example 2

The water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees under stirring conditions, and the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. The reaction was carried out at 60 ° C for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain a powder of Comparative Example 2.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0. The powder was placed in methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after irradiating with 500W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. It was found that D90 could not be measured anymore, and a large number of millimeter-level agglomerates were found under microscope observation. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 198 m ² / g.

Comparative Example 3

The water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees under stirring conditions, and the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. 20.6 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added and reacted at 60 ° C for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried solid was putty and could not be made into powder. D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.25.

Example 7

173.6 g of tetraethoxysilane was dissolved in 800 g of a 50% by weight aqueous solution of isopropanol and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees with stirring, and 7 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added. The pH was adjusted to 9 with 5% ammonia water, and the reaction was carried out at 60 degrees for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 250 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 7.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.086. The powder was put into methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after being irradiated with a 500 W ultrasonic wave for 3 minutes. The D90 was found to be 18 microns. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 150 m ² / g.

Example 8

The water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees under stirring conditions, and the pH was adjusted to 9 by adding 5% sulfuric acid dropwise. 8.5 g of diphenyldimethoxysilane was added and reacted at 60 ° C for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 8.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.05. The powder was put into methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after being irradiated with a 500 W ultrasonic wave for 3 minutes. The D90 was found to be 18 microns. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 170 m ² / g.

Example 9

142 g of tetrachlorosilane was dissolved in 800 g of a 50% by weight aqueous solution of isopropanol and placed in a reaction vessel equipped with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 ° C with stirring, and 7 g of dimethyldimethoxysilane was added. The pH was adjusted to 9 with a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (containing about 15% hydrochloric acid before adding ammonia water), and the reaction was carried out at 60 degrees for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 250 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 9.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.085. The powder was put into methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after being irradiated with a 500 W ultrasonic wave for 3 minutes. It was found that D90 was 19 micrometers. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 175 m ² / g.

Example 10

The water glass with a silica mass fraction of 30% was diluted with deionized water to an aqueous solution with a silica mass fraction of 5%, and 1,000 grams were taken and placed in a reaction vessel with a heater and a stirrer. The reaction system was heated to 60 degrees with stirring, and 4.5 g of dimethyldichlorosilane was added. Add 5% sulfuric acid to adjust the pH to 9. The reaction was carried out at 60 ° C for 18 hours under stirring. The reaction mixture was suction filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 120 ° C for 3 hours. The dried powder was dispersed with a high agitator for 3 minutes to obtain the powder of Example 10.

D unit / Q unit weight ratio measured by solid ²⁹ SiNMR spectrometer = 0.051. The powder was placed in methyl ethyl ketone, and the intensity distribution was measured after being irradiated with 500W ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes. The D90 was found to be 17 microns. The specific surface area measured by the nitrogen adsorption method was 190 m ² / g.

The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The above embodiments of the present invention can also make various changes. That is, any simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present application and the contents of the description fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. What is not described in detail in the present invention is conventional technical content.

Claims (10)

1. A new type of precipitated white carbon black is characterized in that the new type of precipitated white carbon black is a siloxane composed of D units and Q units, wherein the weight ratio of D units to Q units is between 0.05 and 0.19, of which, Q unit = SiO _4- ; D unit = (CH ₃ ) ₂ SiO _2- , (CH ₃ ) HSiO _2- , H ₂ SiO _2- , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ SiO _2- , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ SiO _2- , C ₆ H ₅ HSiO _2- .
2. The novel precipitated white carbon black according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the novel precipitated white carbon black is greater than 100 m ² / g.
3. A novel method for preparing precipitated white carbon black is characterized in that a substance that generates Q units and a substance that generates D units are subjected to a water condensation reaction under an environment of pH 8-11 to form a condensate, and the condensate is obtained after washing and drying A new type of precipitated white carbon, the weight ratio of D units and Q units in the new type of precipitated white carbon is between 0.05-0.19; wherein the substance generating Q units is selected from at least one of the group consisting of : Water glass, tetraethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, tetrachlorosilane; wherein the substance generating D units is at least one selected from the group consisting of: (CH ₃ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , (CH ₃ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , (CH ₃ ) HSi (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , (CH ₃ ) HSi (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , H ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , H ₂ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ Si ( OCH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ HSi (OCH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ HSi (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , (CH ₃ ) ₂ SiCl ₂ , (CH ₃ ) HSiCl ₂ , (CH ₃ ) HSiCl ₂ , H ₂ SiCl ₂ , H ₂ SiCl ₂ , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ SiCl ₂ , (C ₆ H ₅ ) ₂ Si (OCH ₂ CH ₃ ) ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ SiCl ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ CH ₃ SiCl ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ HSiCl ₂ , C ₆ H ₅ HSiCl ₂ .
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method comprises adding a silane coupling agent for processing.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the silane coupling agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of the following coupling agents: vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane Ethoxysilane, 2- (3,4 epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, (3-glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane, (3-glycidoxypropyl) Methyldiethoxysilane, (3-glycidoxypropyl) triethoxysilane, p-styryltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxy Silane, 3-methacryloyloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2 ammonia Ethyl-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N-2aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxy Silane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-triethoxysilyl-N- (1,3-dimethyl-butylene) propylamine and partial hydrolysis Substance, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-vinylbenzyl-2-aminoethyl -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane hydrochloride, 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, bis (triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, 3-isocyanatepropyltriethoxysilane.
6. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of: S1, providing an aqueous solution of a substance that generates Q units; S2, adding a substance that generates D units to the aqueous solution to perform a water condensation reaction.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step S1, the aqueous solution is an aqueous solution of water glass with a silica mass fraction of 2-10%.
8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the step S2, the water condensation reaction is performed in a range of room temperature to 100 degrees.
9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the step S2, the pH is directly adjusted to 8-11 to perform a water condensation reaction before adding a substance that generates D units.
10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in step S2, the pH is adjusted to be acidic before adding the substance generating D units to facilitate the dissolution of the substance generating D units in the aqueous solution, and then The pH was adjusted to 8-11 to carry out the hydrocondensation reaction.