WO2020024162A1

WO2020024162A1 - Signature sequence design for non-orthogonal multiple access system

Info

Publication number: WO2020024162A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/098079
Authority: WO
Inventors: Changlong Xu; Peng Cheng; Kai Chen; Qiaoyu Li; Jing LEI; Ying Wang; Hao Xu; Tingfang Ji
Original assignee: Qualcomm Incorporated
Priority date: 2018-08-01
Filing date: 2018-08-01
Publication date: 2020-02-06
Also published as: WO2020024871A1

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A base station may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to multiple user equipments (UEs) for autonomous uplink transmissions. The base station may also assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the multiple UEs, which may be associated with one or more transmission opportunities. A UE may identify a data message for transmission over one of the transmission opportunities, and may identify a set of auxiliary resources associated with the transmission opportunity. The UE may encode a parameter, and demultiplex the encoded parameter into two bit streams. Each bit stream may be an index, which may be mapped to a set of indexed sequences to obtain a first and second sequence. The UE may send the first sequence over the auxiliary resources and the second sequence of predetermined resources and the data message over the transmission opportunity.

Description

SIGNATURE SEQUENCE DESIGN FOR NON-ORTHOGONAL MULTIPLE ACCESS SYSTEM

BACKGROUND

The following relates generally to wireless communications, and more specifically to UE signature design for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system.

Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include a number of base stations or network access nodes, each simultaneously supporting communication for multiple communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) .

In some wireless communications systems, such as those operating in NR, NOMA techniques may be used to serve multiple users over the same time-frequency resources using multiple access (MA) sequences to assist in distinguishing between transmissions from different UEs. For example, NOMA techniques may be applied to autonomous uplink transmissions. In some cases, a base station may be capable of receiving autonomous uplink transmissions from a large number of UEs. In such examples, the base station may detect a UE signature and determine that a particular UE is sending an autonomous uplink transmission. In some examples, a UE may send its UE signature on a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) corresponding to a data transmission. However, resources designated for DMRS transmissions may be limited, and the length of a sequence transmitted on the DMRS resources may thus be limited. When a base station is serving a large number of UEs, and the length of sequences used for UE signatures is limited, multi-user detection at the base station may be degraded, resulting in decreased network performance.

SUMMARY

The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support a signature sequence design for non-orthogonal multiple access systems. A base station may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to multiple user equipments (UEs) for autonomous uplink transmissions. The base station may also assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the multiple UEs. Each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources may be associated with one or more transmission opportunities.

One of the UEs may identify a data message for transmission over one of the transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions, and may identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals (TTIs) of the transmission opportunity. The UE may determine a first index and a second index. For example, the UE may encode a parameter (e.g., a UE identifier, or another parameter received from the base station) , and may demultiplex the encoded parameter into two bit streams. Each bit stream may be an index, which may be applied to a set of indexed sequences. The UE may map the first index to a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index to a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence. The UE may send its UE signature (e.g., the first sequence over the auxiliary resources and the second sequence over the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) resources) and the data message over the transmission opportunity.

A method of wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include identifying a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions, identifying a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity, determining a first index and a second index, mapping the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence, transmitting the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources, and transmitting the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.

An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions, identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity, determine a first index and a second index, map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence, transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources, and transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.

Another apparatus for wireless communication at a UE is described. The apparatus may include means for identifying a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions, identifying a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity, determining a first index and a second index, mapping the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence, transmitting the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources, and transmitting the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions, identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity, determine a first index and a second index, map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence, transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources, and transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, determining the first index and the second index may include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing an encoding operation on a signature associated with the UE to obtain an encoded signature and demultiplexing the encoded signature to obtain the first index and the second index.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the signature may be based on an identifier of the UE or a parameter received from a base station.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the signature may have a first length and the encoded signature may have a second length that may be greater than the first length.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the encoding operation includes a block encoding.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the second sequence includes a demodulation reference signal and the predetermined set of time-frequency resources includes time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a set of symbol periods of the set of auxiliary resources may be before a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, at least one symbol period of the set of auxiliary resources may be subsequent to a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources may be overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources may be non-overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences may be different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first set of indexed sequences may have a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.

A method of wireless communication at a base station is described. The method may include assigning respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions, assigning respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities, identifying a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities, monitoring the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences, identifying one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring, and receiving the one or more transmissions.

An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory in electronic communication with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions, assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities, identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities, monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences, identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring, and receive the one or more transmissions.

Another apparatus for wireless communication at a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for assigning respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions, assigning respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities, identifying a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities, monitoring the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences, identifying one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring, and receiving the one or more transmissions.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions, assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities, identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities, monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences, identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring, and receive the one or more transmissions.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the identifying the one or more transmissions may include operations, features, means, or instructions for performing a decoding operation on one or more of the set of composite sequences detected during the monitoring and identifying signatures associated with one or more UEs corresponding to the one or more transmissions based on the decoding operation.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for identifying that a number of the set of UEs exceeds a threshold, increasing a dimension of the first set of indexed sequences and increasing an assignment of resources for the respective sets of auxiliary resources according to the increased dimension.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the predetermined time-frequency resources include time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the respective transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the respective transmission opportunity.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, a set of symbol periods of a respective set of auxiliary resources may be before a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, at least one symbol period of a respective set of auxiliary resources may be subsequent to a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources may be overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources may be non-overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a system for wireless communications that supports UE signature design for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an encoding operation that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a resource assignment scheme that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a decoding operation that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a process flow that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGs. 7 and 8 show block diagrams of devices that support UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGs. 11 and 12 show block diagrams of devices that support UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGs. 15 through 18 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Some wireless communications systems may support multiple access techniques for multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . In some cases, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) techniques may outperform orthogonal multiple access techniques for some types of transmissions. NOMA techniques may enable access to more system bandwidth for transmitting devices (e.g., a user equipment (UE) ) , while simultaneously enabling a greater number of users to communicate on a set of time frequency resources. NOMA techniques may allow for communication without scheduling requests or individual grants for each transmission. NOMA techniques may also reduce power consumption and latency for devices in the wireless communications system.

Some wireless communications systems may support autonomous communications. Autonomous uplink communications may be utilized by systems that support machine type communication (MTC) , or massive MTC (mMTC) , where a base station serves a large number of UEs. In such cases, signals from multiple transmitting devices may be recovered simultaneously, even in the presence of mutual interference. In some cases, autonomous uplink transmissions may be transmissions that are not associated with a grant of resources by a base station to a UE. In some cases, a base station may assign multiple transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions, or may send control information that enables or disables transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions. Thus, autonomous uplink transmissions may be associated with allocation of potential transmission resources, but may be contingent on the UE having data to send (e.g., the UE does not use all of the potential transmission resources, but instead transmits autonomously on available transmission opportunities when it has mobile originated (MO) data) . Autonomous uplink transmissions may also be called grant-free uplink transmissions.

In some cases, a base station may be capable of receiving autonomous uplink transmissions from a large number of UEs. In such examples, the base station may detect a UE signature and determine that a particular UE is sending an autonomous uplink transmission. In some examples, a UE may send its UE signature on a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) corresponding to a data transmission. However, resources designated for DMRS transmissions may be limited, and the length of a sequence transmitted on the DMRS resources may thus be limited. When a base station is serving a large number of UEs, and the length of sequences used for UE signatures is limited, multi-user detection at the base station may be degraded, resulting in decreased network performance. That is, detecting and successfully receiving a UE signature so that a base station may determine that the UE is sending an autonomous uplink transmission may be difficult if sequence length is limited and multiple UEs are transmitting simultaneously on the same or overlapping resources.

In some examples, a UE may utilize a set of auxiliary resources and a predetermined set of resources (e.g., resources reserved for DMRS transmission) to send a UE signature. The use of both the auxiliary resources and the DMRS resources for transmitting the UE signature may increase the length or number of sequences the UE can use to send its UE signature. Increased signature length may result in improved multi-user detection at the base station.

A UE may identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity configured for autonomous uplink transmission. In some cases, the transmission opportunity may be configured via system information or higher layer signaling, or may be dynamically implemented (e.g., configured via a downlink control information (DCI) signal) . The UE may also identify the auxiliary resources which may be configured for one or more transmission time intervals (TTIs) that include the transmission opportunity. For example, one set of auxiliary resources may correspond to a set of TTIs of the transmission opportunity, or a distinct set of auxiliary resources may correspond to each TTI of the transmission opportunity.

The UE may determine a first index and a second index to identify a first sequence and a second sequence (i.e., a UE signature) for transmission over the auxiliary resources and the DMRS resources. The UE may identify a parameter, such as a UE identifier or another parameter received from the base station. The UE may represent the parameter as a bit stream, and encode the bit stream, resulting in a longer bit stream. The lengthened bit stream may provide increased Hamming distance of sequences at the base station, which may result in increased sequence detection and may improve multi-user detection by the base station. The UE may demultiplex the encoded bit stream into a first substream (e.g., a first index) and a second substream (e.g., a second index) . The second index may include a number of bits that is limited by the size of the DMRS resource allocation. The first index may be expandable, and may be greater in cases where the base station is serving a large number of UEs, and smaller in cases where the base station is serving a small number of UEs. The UE may map the first index to a set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence, and may map the second index to a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence. The UE may then transmit the first sequence over the auxiliary resources and the second sequence over the DMRS resources.

The base station may monitor the assigned transmission opportunities for sets of composite sequences by the UEs. The composite sequences may be based on the first set of indexed sequences and the second set of indexed sequences. The base station may detect a composite sequence, and may identify and receive one or more data transmissions based at least in part on having received a composite sequence corresponding to the one or more data transmissions.

Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communications system. Aspects of the disclosure are further described in the context of a wireless communications system, an encoding operation, a resource assignment scheme, a decoding operation , and a process flow. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to UE signature design for NOMA system.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 includes base stations 105, UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some cases, wireless communications system 100 may support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission critical) communications, low latency communications, or communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices.

Base stations 105 may wirelessly communicate with UEs 115 via one or more base station antennas. Base stations 105 described herein may include or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation Node B or giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or some other suitable terminology. Wireless communications system 100 may include base stations 105 of different types (e.g., macro or small cell base stations) . The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of base stations 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs, small cell eNBs, gNBs, relay base stations, and the like.

Each base station 105 may be associated with a particular geographic coverage area 110 in which communications with various UEs 115 is supported. Each base station 105 may provide communication coverage for a respective geographic coverage area 110 via communication links 125, and communication links 125 between a base station 105 and a UE 115 may utilize one or more carriers. Communication links 125 shown in wireless communications system 100 may include uplink transmissions from a UE 115 to a base station 105, or downlink transmissions from a base station 105 to a UE 115. Downlink transmissions may also be called forward link transmissions while uplink transmissions may also be called reverse link transmissions.

The geographic coverage area 110 for a base station 105 may be divided into sectors making up only a portion of the geographic coverage area 110, and each sector may be associated with a cell. For example, each base station 105 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or various combinations thereof. In some examples, a base station 105 may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving geographic coverage area 110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, and overlapping geographic coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by the same base station 105 or by different base stations 105. The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous LTE/LTE-A/LTE-A Pro or NR network in which different types of base stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas 110.

The term “cell” refers to a logical communication entity used for communication with a base station 105 (e.g., over a carrier) , and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID) , a virtual cell identifier (VCID) ) operating via the same or a different carrier. In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., machine-type communication (MTC) , narrowband Internet-of-Things (NB-IoT) , enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) , or others) that may provide access for different types of devices. In some cases, the term “cell” may refer to a portion of a geographic coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) over which the logical entity operates.

UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 115 may also be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client. A UE 115 may also be a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may also refer to a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or an MTC device, or the like, which may be implemented in various articles such as appliances, vehicles, meters, or the like.

Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low cost or low complexity devices, and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication) . M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a base station 105 without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay that information to a central server or application program that can make use of the information or present the information to humans interacting with the program or application. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.

Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception simultaneously) . In some examples half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for UEs 115 include entering a power saving “deep sleep” mode when not engaging in active communications, or operating over a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications) . In some cases, UEs 115 may be designed to support critical functions (e.g., mission critical functions) , and a wireless communications system 100 may be configured to provide ultra-reliable communications for these functions.

In some cases, a UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly with other UEs 115 (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or device-to-device (D2D) protocol) . One or more of a group of UEs 115 utilizing D2D communications may be within the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105, or be otherwise unable to receive transmissions from a base station 105. In some cases, groups of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may utilize a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to every other UE 115 in the group. In some cases, a base station 105 facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In other cases, D2D communications are carried out between UEs 115 without the involvement of a base station 105.

Base stations 105 may communicate with the core network 130 and with one another. For example, base stations 105 may interface with the core network 130 through backhaul links 132 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or other interface) . Base stations 105 may communicate with one another over backhaul links 134 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or other interface) either directly (e.g., directly between base stations 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) .

The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , which may include at least one mobility management entity (MME) , at least one serving gateway (S-GW) , and at least one Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) . The MME may manage non-access stratum (e.g., control plane) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for UEs 115 served by base stations 105 associated with the EPC. User IP packets may be transferred through the S-GW, which itself may be connected to the P-GW. The P-GW may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The P-GW may be connected to the network operators IP services. The operators IP services may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched (PS) Streaming Service.

At least some of the network devices, such as a base station 105, may include subcomponents such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . Each access network entity may communicate with UEs 115 through a number of other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, or a transmission/reception point (TRP) . In some configurations, various functions of each access network entity or base station 105 may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and access network controllers) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., a base station 105) .

Wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band, since the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features. However, the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to UEs 115 located indoors. Transmission of UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter range (e.g., less than 100 km) compared to transmission using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.

Wireless communications system 100 may also operate in a super high frequency (SHF) region using frequency bands from 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter band. The SHF region includes bands such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands, which may be used opportunistically by devices that can tolerate interference from other users.

Wireless communications system 100 may also operate in an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz) , also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, wireless communications system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between UEs 115 and base stations 105, and EHF antennas of the respective devices may be even smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some cases, this may facilitate use of antenna arrays within a UE 115. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. Techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions that use one or more different frequency regions, and designated use of bands across these frequency regions may differ by country or regulating body.

In some cases, wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz ISM band. When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, wireless devices such as base stations 105 and UEs 115 may employ listen-before-talk (LBT) procedures to ensure a frequency channel is clear before transmitting data. In some cases, operations in unlicensed bands may be based on a CA configuration in conjunction with CCs operating in a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations in unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, peer-to-peer transmissions, or a combination of these. Duplexing in unlicensed spectrum may be based on frequency division duplexing (FDD) , time division duplexing (TDD) , or a combination of both.

In some examples, base station 105 or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. For example, wireless communications system 100 may use a transmission scheme between a transmitting device (e.g., a base station 105) and a receiving device (e.g., a UE 115) , where the transmitting device is equipped with multiple antennas and the receiving devices are equipped with one or more antennas. MIMO communications may employ multipath signal propagation to increase the spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers, which may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by the receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream, and may carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams. Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a base station 105 or a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam or receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that signals propagating at particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying certain amplitude and phase offsets to signals carried via each of the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .

In one example, a base station 105 may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE 115. For instance, some signals (e.g. synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a base station 105 multiple times in different directions, which may include a signal being transmitted according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by the base station 105 or a receiving device, such as a UE 115) a beam direction for subsequent transmission and/or reception by the base station 105. Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by a base station 105 in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as a UE 115) . In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based at least in in part on a signal that was transmitted in different beam directions. For example, a UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the base station 105 in different directions, and the UE 115 may report to the base station 105 an indication of the signal it received with a highest signal quality, or an otherwise acceptable signal quality. Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted in one or more directions by a base station 105, a UE 115 may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE 115) , or transmitting a signal in a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device) .

A receiving device (e.g., a UE 115, which may be an example of a mmW receiving device) may try multiple receive beams when receiving various signals from the base station 105, such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may try multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at a plurality of antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at a plurality of antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive beams or receive directions. In some examples a receiving device may use a single receive beam to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal) . The single receive beam may be aligned in a beam direction determined based at least in part on listening according to different receive beam directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio, or otherwise acceptable signal quality based at least in part on listening according to multiple beam directions) .

In some cases, the antennas of a base station 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays, which may support MIMO operations, or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some cases, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a base station 105 may be located in diverse geographic locations. A base station 105 may have an antenna array with a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may have one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations.

In some cases, wireless communications system 100 may be a packet-based network that operate according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based. A Radio Link Control (RLC) layer may in some cases perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate over logical channels. A Medium Access Control (MAC) layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer may also use hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) to provide retransmission at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE 115 and a base station 105 or core network 130 supporting radio bearers for user plane data. At the Physical (PHY) layer, transport channels may be mapped to physical channels.

In some cases, UEs 115 and base stations 105 may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. HARQ feedback is one technique of increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly over a communication link 125. HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ) , forward error correction (FEC) , and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ) ) . HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., signal-to-noise conditions) . In some cases, a wireless device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, where the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received in a previous symbol in the slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval.

Time intervals in LTE or NR may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit, which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of T _s = 1/30,720,000 seconds. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a duration of 10 milliseconds (ms) , where the frame period may be expressed as T _f = 307,200 T _s. The radio frames may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) ranging from 0 to 1023. Each frame may include 10 subframes numbered from 0 to 9, and each subframe may have a duration of 1 ms. A subframe may be further divided into 2 slots each having a duration of 0.5 ms, and each slot may contain 6 or 7 modulation symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain 2048 sampling periods. In some cases, a subframe may be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100, and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In other cases, a smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be shorter than a subframe or may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) or in selected component carriers using sTTIs) .

In some wireless communications systems, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots containing one or more symbols. In some instances, a symbol of a mini-slot or a mini-slot may be the smallest unit of scheduling. Each symbol may vary in duration depending on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation, for example. Further, some wireless communications systems may implement slot aggregation in which multiple slots or mini-slots are aggregated together and used for communication between a UE 115 and a base station 105.

The term “carrier” refers to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communications over a communication link 125. For example, a carrier of a communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band that is operated according to physical layer channels for a given radio access technology. Each physical layer channel may carry user data, control information, or other signaling. A carrier may be associated with a pre-defined frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) absolute radio frequency channel number (EARFCN) ) , and may be positioned according to a channel raster for discovery by UEs 115. Carriers may be downlink or uplink (e.g., in an FDD mode) , or be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode) . In some examples, signal waveforms transmitted over a carrier may be made up of multiple sub-carriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM) .

The organizational structure of the carriers may be different for different radio access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, etc. ) . For example, communications over a carrier may be organized according to TTIs or slots, each of which may include user data as well as control information or signaling to support decoding the user data. A carrier may also include dedicated acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals or system information, etc. ) and control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier. In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration) , a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers.

Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. In some examples, control information transmitted in a physical control channel may be distributed between different control regions in a cascaded manner (e.g., between a common control region or common search space and one or more UE-specific control regions or UE-specific search spaces) .

A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a number of predetermined bandwidths for carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 MHz) . In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured for operating over portions or all of the carrier bandwidth. In other examples, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a predefined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or RBs) within a carrier (e.g., “in-band” deployment of a narrowband protocol type) .

In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may consist of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme) . Thus, the more resource elements that a UE 115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate may be for the UE 115. In MIMO systems, a wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of a radio frequency spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., spatial layers) , and the use of multiple spatial layers may further increase the data rate for communications with a UE 115.

Devices of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., base stations 105 or UEs 115) may have a hardware configuration that supports communications over a particular carrier bandwidth, or may be configurable to support communications over one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may include base stations 105 and/or UEs 115 that can support simultaneous communications via carriers associated with more than one different carrier bandwidth.

Wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 on multiple cells or carriers, a feature which may be referred to as carrier aggregation (CA) or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink CCs and one or more uplink CCs according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both FDD and TDD component carriers.

Wireless communications systems such as an NR system may utilize any combination of licensed, shared, and unlicensed spectrum bands, among others. The flexibility of eCC symbol duration and subcarrier spacing may allow for the use of eCC across multiple spectrums. In some examples, NR shared spectrum may increase spectrum utilization and spectral efficiency, specifically through dynamic vertical (e.g., across the frequency domain) and horizontal (e.g., across the time domain) sharing of resources.

The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support a signature sequence design for NOMA systems. In some cases, a base station 105 may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to multiple UEs 115 for autonomous uplink transmissions. The base station 105 may also assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the multiple UEs 115. Each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources may be associated with one or more transmission opportunities.

One of the UEs 115 may identify a data message for transmission over one of the transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions, and may identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more TTIs of the transmission opportunity. The UE 115 may determine a first index and a second index. For example, the UE 115 may encode a parameter (e.g., a UE identifier, or another parameter received from the base station) , and may demultiplex the encoded parameter into two bit streams. Each bit stream may be an index, which may be applied to a set of indexed sequences. The UE 115 may map the first index to a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index to a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence. The UE 115 may send its UE signature (e.g., the first sequence over the auxiliary resources and the second sequence over the DMRS resources) and the data message over the transmission opportunity.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 200 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communications system 200 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100.

Base station 105-a may serve a large number of UEs 115. UE 115-a and UE 115-b, for example, may be a subset of a large number of autonomous uplink transmission capable UEs 115. UE 115-a and UE 115-b, and other UEs 115 may send autonomous uplink transmissions via

bidirectional communication links

220 and 225, respectively. Base station 105-a may assign transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions from any UE 115 within coverage area 110-a. In some examples, UE 115-a may, when it has data to send to the base station 105-a, utilize the designated resources to transmit a DMRS 210-a and a data transmission 215-a. UE 115-a may transmit a UE signature on DMRS 210-a. Base station 105-a may determine that UE 115-a is transmitting based on the UE signature, and may receive data transmission 215-a.

In some cases, the length of sequences that can be transmitted on DMRS 210-a may be limited by the amount of resources designated for DMRS transmissions in the transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions. The length of sequences for UE signatures may be small in comparison to the number of UEs 115 transmitting. Because the length of the sequences may be limited, the number of UE signatures that can be transmitted on a DMRS 215-a may also be limited. In cases where base station 105-a serves many UEs 115 in coverage area 110-a, UE signatures used by UE 115-a and another UE 115 may not be distinguishable by base station 105-a in the presence of other sources of mutual interference (e.g., other UE signature sequences) . In some cases, UE 115-a and another UE 115 (e.g., UE 115-b) may utilizes the same resources or partially overlapping resources to send an autonomous uplink transmission. In such cases, if the sequence used by UE 115-a and the sequence used by UE 115-b are not sufficiently distinguishable, it may be difficult or impossible for base station 105-a to identify and receive the UE signature, and base station 105-a may fail to receive one or both of data transmission 215-a and data transmission 215-b. That is, where only a few UEs 115 are served by base station 105-a a small sequence pool may be sufficient. However, if base station 105-a serves a large number of UEs 115, then multi-user detection at base station 105-a may be degraded, resulting in failed transmissions, increased latency or retransmissions, increased power consumption, or other forms of decreased service.

In some examples, a base station 105-a may serve a changeable number of UEs 115 and improve reception of autonomous uplink transmission through a signature sequence design for NOMA systems. That is, in the case described above where multiple UEs 115 transmit UE signatures using a small number of sequences, a base station may improve service and increase the number of successfully received transmission by increasing the length of UE signature sequences (and increasing the total number of possible composite sequences UEs 115 may transmit) . According to various aspects, base station 105-a may assign, on

bidirectional communication links

220 and 225, one or more sets of auxiliary resources. The auxiliary resources 205 may be utilized to transmit one sequence of a composite sequence which make up a UE signature. In some examples, one set of auxiliary resources may be associated with a TTI of a transmission opportunity. In other examples, one set of auxiliary resources 205 may be associated with a set of TTIs that include a transmission opportunity. The auxiliary resources 205 may be located in the same frequency range as DMRS 210, that are associated with a data transmissions 215. Or, the auxiliary resources may be located in a different frequency range than the DMRS 210. In some cases, the auxiliary resources 205 may be located prior to DMRS 210, or subsequent to DMRS 210. In some cases, the auxiliary resources 205 may partially or completely overlap with DMRS 210 in time or frequency.

UE 115-a may identify one or more parameters on which to base a UE signature. For example, UE 115-a may use a UE identifier. In some examples, base station 105-a may transmit another parameter or a random number on which to base the UE signature. UE 115-a may represent the parameter as a bit stream, and may encode the bit stream, resulting in a longer bit stream. UE 115-a may demultiplex the encoded bit stream into two substreams (i.e., two indexes) . The second index may be a predefined number of bits, based on the amount of resources allocated for DMRS 210-a. In some cases, the number of resources allocated for DMRS 210-a and DMRS 210-b may be equal. That is, the number of DMRS resources may be the same across a group of or all UEs 115 in coverage area 110-a. In some cases, the number of resource allocated for DMRS 210-a may be different than the number of resources allocated for DMRS 210-b. For example, the number of resources may be different if a UE 115 is power limited than if the UE 115 is not power limited. The first index may be a more flexible number of bits. For example, if base station 105-a is serving a small number of UEs 115, then the number of bits in the first index may be a smaller number. If base station 105-a is serving a large number of UEs 115, then the number of bits in the first index may be a larger number. A longer index may support mapping indexes to a larger number of sequences, and each of the sequences may be longer based on the longer index. By identifying and transmitting longer sequences, each sequence transmitted from a UE 115 may have a greater hamming distance from a sequence transmitted by another UE 115.

In some cases, the number of bits may be flexible with respect to time. Base station 105-a may assign the set of transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions, and may configure UEs 115-a and 115-b to generate a first index with a small number of bits. By the time base station 105-a configures a second set of transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmission, the number of UEs 115 in coverage area 110-a may have increased, and base station 105-a may increase the number of bits that UE 115-a and UE 115-b may generate for the first index. In some examples, the size of the first index may be different for UE 115-a and UE 115-b (based on various conditions, such as power limitations, allotted auxiliary resources, or the like) .

UE 115-a may map the first index to a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second sequence to a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence. UE 115-a may transmit the first sequence on auxiliary resources 205-a, and the second sequence on DMRS 210-a.

Base station 105-a may monitor the sets of assigned transmission opportunities, and auxiliary resources 205 and DMRS 210 from the UEs 115 within 110-a for composite sequences. Composite sequences may include combinations of one of the first set of sequences and one of the second set of sequences. Base station 105-a may identify a composite sequence based on the monitoring, and may identify and receive, for example, the UE signature of UE 115-a on auxiliary resources 205-a and DMRS 210-a, and the data transmission 215-a. Even if UE 115-b transmits an autonomous uplink transmission on some or all of the same resources as UE 115-a, base station 105-a may also receive UE signature of UE 115-b on auxiliary resources 205-b and DMRS 210-b, and the data transmission 215-b. A UE 115 may identify the sequences for the UE signature as described in greater detail with respect to FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of an encoding operation 300 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, encoding operation 300 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Encoding operation 300 may be implemented by one or more base station 105 or a UE 115, which may be examples of the devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2.

A UE 115 may perform an encoding procedure to identify a first and second sequence. UE 115 initiate the process by identifying an initial UE signature 305. UE signature 305 may be a UE identifier. In some cases, UE 115 may receive a parameter from base station 105 and may determine the UE signature based on the received parameter. UE 115 may represent UE signature 305 has a bit stream. The bit stream may include K bits.

At 310, UE 115 may encode the K bits of UE signature 305, resulting in an encoded bit stream of N encoded bits. The encoding at 310 may add some redundancy to the K bit of UE signature 305. Thus N may be greater than K. The increased redundancy may improve sequence detection at base station 105. In some examples, the encoding at 310 may utilize block coding. The encoding at 310 may utilize a high rate block code (e.g., hamming code) with a smaller number of parity check bits and with low decoding complexity. In some examples, to achieve a stronger protection, another coding scheme may be utilized at 310.

At 315, UE 115 may demultiplex the encoded N bits of the encoded bit stream into a first substream of M bits (e.g., a first index) and a second substream of L bits (e.g., a second index) . In some examples, UE 115 may identify a set of predetermined time-frequency resources within an assigned transmission opportunity (e.g., a set of DMRS resources) . The number of DMRS resources for the transmission opportunity may be configured by the base station 105, and may be the same across a group of or all UEs 115 served by base station 105, regardless of the number of UEs 115 served by base station 105. For example, the number of DMRS resources may be determined by a number of frequency resources allocated to transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions. The number of L bits in the second index may be determined based on the number of predetermined DMRS resources. In some examples, UE 115 may identify a set of assigned auxiliary resources. The amount of assigned time-frequency resources in the set of auxiliary resources may be flexible, and may be adjusted or changed based on the number of UEs 115 served by base station 105. The number of M bits in the first index may be determined based on the number of auxiliary resources.

In some examples, base station 105 may adjust the dimensions of the first set of indexed sequences and increase the assignment of auxiliary resources based on the number of UEs 115 served. For instance, at a first instance in time, a base station 105 may identify a first number of served UEs 115. The base station 105 may assign a first number of auxiliary resources (and a predetermined number of DMRS resources) for autonomous uplink transmission. The UE 115 may identify UE signature 305, and encode the K bits of UE signature 305 at 310. This may result in Nencoded bits (e.g., N = 8) . UE 115 may determine that, based on the predetermined number of DMRS bits, the second index will be L bits long (e.g., L=3) . In an illustrative example, where N=8 and L=3, the first index may be Mbits long (e.g., M=5) . UE 115 may map the Mbits of the first index to a first set of sequences, and the L bits of the second index to a second set of sequences. Each of the sets of sequences may have a dimension based on the number of bits permitted by the number of bits in the index. For instance, where L=3, the second set of sequences may have 2 ^L indexed sequences (e.g., 2 ³=8 indexed sequences) . Where M=5, the first set of sequences may have 2 ^M indexed sequences (e.g., 2 ⁵=32 indexed sequences) . UE 115 may apply the first index to the first set of indexes to obtain a first sequence 320 for transmission over the auxiliary resources, and may apply the second index to the second set of indexes to obtain a second sequence 325 for transmission over the DMRS resources.

In some examples, base station 105 may identify a second number of served UEs 115 at a second instance in time. Base station 105 may assign (e.g., via system information or other signaling) a second number of auxiliary resources for transmitting a first sequence 320 of the first set of sequences. The location and configuration of the auxiliary resources are described in greater detail with respect to FIG. 4. Base station 105 may assign the same number of predetermined DMRS resources as in the first instance in time. Base station 105 may also increase the dimensions of the first set of indexed sequences according to the increased number of auxiliary resources. In such examples, UE signature 305 may be longer, or encoding the K bits of UE signature 305 at 310 may result in a longer encoded bit stream (e.g., N=10) , or both. In such examples, demultiplexing the N bits of the encoded bit stream may result in the same number of L bits (e.g., L=3) and a greater number of M bits (e.g., M=7) . In some examples, the first set of indexed sequences may include 2 ^M indexed sequences of 7 bits each (e.g., 2 ⁷=128 indexed sequences) . The second set of indexed sequences may have 2 ^L indexed sequences (e.g., 2 ³=8 indexed sequences) . UE 115 may map the first index to the first set of indexed sequences, and may map the second index to the second set of indexes. In the above illustrated example, the UE may transmit a composite sequence include a combination of one of the 128 indexed sequences of the first set of indexed sequences and one of the 8 indexed sequences of the second set of indexed sequences, thus serving the larger number of UEs 115 and improving multi-user detection at base station 105. The auxiliary resources may be configured as described in greater detail in FIG. 4.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a resource assignment scheme 400 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, resource assignment scheme 400 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Resource assignment scheme 400 may be implemented by one or more base station 105 or a UE 115, which may be examples of the devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2.

In some examples, base station 105 may assign, to multiple UEs 115 within a coverage area, one or more transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions. Each transmission opportunity may include one or more TTIs (e.g., TTI 1, TTI 2, TTI 3, or a combination) . A UE 115 may identify a data message 405 to autonomously send during the transmission opportunity. Transmission of the data message 405 may be accompanied by a DMRS 410. For instance, the DMRS 410 and the data message 405 may be located within the same frequency range 415. In some examples, the DMRS 410 and data message 405 may be located within the same TTI (e.g., within the same slot or set of symbols) .

Base station 105 may configure a set of auxiliary resources for one or more TTIs of the transmission opportunity. A transmission opportunity may be a single TTI (e.g., TTI 2) . In some examples, a transmission opportunity may include multiple TTIs. In some examples, transmission opportunities for different UEs 115 may partially overlap in time, may completely overlap in time, or may not overlap in time. For instance, a transmission opportunity for a first UE 115 may include TTI 1 and TTI 2, while a transmission opportunity for a second UE 115 may include TTI 2 and TTI 3. In some cases, at least a portion of DMRS resources for the first UE 115 and the DMRS resources for the second UE 115 may overlap. Similarly, at least a portion of auxiliary resources assigned to the first UE 115 and auxiliary resources assigned to the second UE 115 may overlap.

Auxiliary resources may be configured in variety of different ways, and may correspond to one or more TTIs of the transmission opportunity. For instance, auxiliary resources 420 may correspond to a single TTI (e.g., TTI 2) . That is, for data message 405, UE 115 may identify a first index, and may map the first index to a set of indexed sequences, and may obtain a first sequence for transmission on auxiliary resources 420. The UE 115 may further map a second index to a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence for transmission on DMRS 410, as described in greater detail with reference to FIG. 3. Auxiliary resources 420 may be located in the same TTI as data message 405 (e.g., TTI 2) . Auxiliary resources 420 may be flexibly assigned, and may therefore be located in frequency range 425, which may be different than frequency range 415. In some examples, auxiliary resources 420 in TTI 2 may be located in part of or all of frequency range 415. For instance, the auxiliary resources 420 may be located within TTI 2 (e.g., prior to DMRS 410 within TTI 2) . In some examples, auxiliary resources 422 may be located in TTI 1, prior to DMRS 410 but within frequency range 415. In some examples, auxiliary resources 424 may be located after DMRS 410 and data 415 (e.g., in TTI 3) . In examples where

auxiliary resources

420, 422, or 424 correspond to a single TTI, a set of auxiliary resources may be configured for each of TTI 1, TTI 2, and TTI 3.

In some examples, base station 105 may configure a set of auxiliary resources for a set of TTIs 430 including the transmission opportunity. For instance, a set of

auxiliary resources

420, 422, or 424 may correspond to any data message 405 transmitted in TTI1, TTI2, or TTI3 of the set of TTIs 430. The set of auxiliary resources for the set of TTIs 430 may be located prior to, during, or after the data message 405. In one illustrative example, auxiliary resources 422 may be located prior to data message 405 (e.g., in TTI1) . Auxiliary resources 440 may be located in the same frequency range 415 as data 405. In another illustrative example, auxiliary resources 420 for the set of TTIs 430 may be located in the same TTI as the data message 405. Auxiliary resources 420 may be located in a different frequency range than data message 405 (e.g., frequency range 425) or may be located in the same frequency range as data message 405, (e.g., frequency range 415) . In another illustrative example, auxiliary resources 424 for the set of TTIs 435 may be located subsequent to data message 405 (e.g., in TTI 3) . Auxiliary resources 424 may be located in a different frequency range than data 405 (frequency range 445) . Frequency range 445 may partially overlap with frequency range 415, or may not overlap at all with frequency range 415. When UE 115 identifies a data message 405 for transmission in any of the TTIs of the set of TTIs 430, UE 115 may obtain a first sequence to transmit on the set of auxiliary resources configured for the set of TTIs 430 (e.g., one of

auxiliary resources

420, 422, or 424, or another configured set of auxiliary resources within the set of TTIs 430) . The UE may also obtain a second sequence to transmit on DMRS 410, the two sequences making up a composite sequence of a UE signature. Base station 105 may receive the composite sequence, and may determine that the UE 115 is transmitting and receive the data message 405 based thereon, as described in greater detail with respect to FIG. 5.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a decoding operation 500 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, decoding operation 500 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Decoding operation 500 may be implemented by one or more base station 105 or a UE 115, which may be examples of the devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2.

Base station 105 may improve multi-user detection by assigning transmission opportunities and auxiliary resources, and monitoring for and detecting composite sequences from a group of or all UEs 115 within a coverage area. For example, base station 105 may assign sets of transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions to a group of UEs 115 or all UEs 115 served by base station 105. Base station 105 may also assign a predetermined set of time frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities (e.g., DMRS resources) .

Base station 105 may identify a set of composite sequences that may be transmitted by the UEs 115. The composite sequences may be transmitted by the UEs 115 over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources. In some examples, a first set of indexed sequences may be available for transmission, by a UE 115, over the assigned auxiliary resources. A second set of indexed sequences may be available for transmission over the DMRS resources. Base station 105 may identify a set of composite sequences that includes possible combinations of the first set of sequences and the second set of sequences.

Base station 105 may monitor the assigned transmission opportunities and auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences. When a UE 115 transmits a composite sequence and a data transmission (e.g., a first sequence on the auxiliary resources, a second sequence on the DMRS resources, and a data message on resources from the transmission opportunity) , UE 115 may detect one or more composite sequences that correspond to a transmission (including the data message) . Based on the detecting, base station 105 may determine that the UE 115 is transmitting, and may receive the composite sequence and the data message from the UE 115.

In an illustrative example, at 505, base station 105 may detect, based on monitoring the assigned auxiliary resources and the resources of the transmission opportunity, a composite sequence. The composite sequence may include a first sequence transmitted by a UE 115 on the assigned auxiliary resources and a second sequence transmitted by the UE 115 on the predetermined DMRS resources.

At 510, base station 105 may decode the N bits of the received composite sequence. The decoding may result in a bit stream of Kbits. In some examples, K may be less than N. Base station 105 may identify the UE signature from the K bits of the decoded bit stream. For instance, a UE signature may be a UE identifier, known by both the base station 105 and the UE 115. In some cases, the base station may transmit (e.g., via higher layer signaling such as radio resource control (RRC) signaling, via system information (SI) , or via downlink control information (DCI) ) a parameter to the UE 115, which may be used as the UE signature. The parameter may be a random number, or another identifier known to both the base station 105 and the UE 115. Having received the composite sequence at 505 and identified the UE signature at 515, the UE signature corresponding to a data message, base station 105 may identify one or more corresponding transmissions sent from UE 115 (e.g., a data message) , and may successfully receive the one or more transmissions.

In some examples, base station 105 may adjust the dimensions of a set of indexed sequences and adjust the assignment of auxiliary resources based on a number of UEs 115 served by base station 105. For example, base station 105 may determine that a large number of UEs 115 have entered the coverage area, or been turned on, or the like, and that a large number of UEs are currently being served. In such cases the base station may make UE signatures more distinguishable by increase the number of auxiliary resources assigned to each UE 115, and may also increase the dimensions of the set of indexed sequences corresponding to the auxiliary resources. Base station 105 may indicate this information to the UE via, for example, system information. UE 115 may then be able to generate a longer index, and may map the longer index to a larger first set of indexed sequences where each of the indexed sequences is longer. The resulting composite sequences may be longer and more easily distinguished by base station 105, which may improve multi-user detection.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a process flow 600 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow 600 may implement aspects of wireless communication system 100. Process flow 600 may be implemented by a base stations 105-b and a UE 115-c, which may be examples of the devices as described with reference to FIGs. 1 and 2.

At 605, base station 105-b may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities for autonomous uplink transmissions to a group of UEs 115, which may include UE 115-c. The transmission opportunities may include predetermined time-frequency resources. In some examples, the predetermined time-frequency resources may include time resources corresponding to symbol periods of the respective transmission opportunities and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the respective transmission opportunities.

At 610, base station 105-b may assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to a group of UEs 115, which may include UE 115-c. The respective sets of auxiliary resources may be associated with one or more transmission opportunities. In some examples, the set of symbol periods of a respective set of auxiliary resources may be located before the first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities. In some examples, the set of symbol periods of a respective set of auxiliary resources may be located subsequent to the first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities. In some examples, the frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources may overlap with the frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities. In some examples, the frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources may not overlap with the frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.

In some examples, base station 105-b may identify that the number of UEs exceeds a threshold. Base station 105-b may increase the dimension of the set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources. Base station 105-b may increase the assignment of resources for the respective sets of auxiliary resources according to the increased dimension.

At 615, UE 115-c may identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions. Additionally, UE 115-c may identify the set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals in the transmission opportunity.

At 620, UE 115-c may determine a first index and a second index. In some examples, UE 115-c may determine the first and second indices by performing an encoding operation on a signature associated with UE 115-c to obtain an encoded signature, and demultiplexing the encoded signature to obtain the first and second indices. In some examples, the length of the encoded signature may be greater than the length of the signature associated with UE 115-c. In some examples, the signature associated with UE 115-c may be based on an identifier of UE 115-c or a parameter received from a base station such as base station 105-b. In some examples, the encoding operation may include a block encoding.

At 625, UE 115-c may map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence. In some examples, the number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences may be different than the number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences. For instance, the number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequence may be greater than the number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences. The number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences may be adaptable, based on the number of auxiliary resources assigned by base station 105-b at 610. In some examples, the number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences may be the same as the number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences. In some examples, the number of bits in the second index may be limited by the predetermined number of resources assigned to a DMRS associated with a data message. A number of bits in the second index may be determined based on the number of bits in the first index message. The number of bits in the second index may also be determined based on the number of encoded bits that result from encoding the UE signature and the number of bits in the first index message.

At 630, base station 105-b may identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the UEs 115, which may include UE 115-c, over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources. The set of composite sequences may be based on a set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and another set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities. The identified composite sequences may be based on the sequences obtained by UE 115-c at 625.

At 635, base station 105-b may monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences.

At 640, UE 115-c may transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources. At 645, UE 115-c may transmit the second sequence over the transmission opportunity. The second sequence may be transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity. In some examples, the second sequence may include a demodulation reference signal. At 650, UE 115-c may transmit the data message over the transmission opportunity. In some examples, the data message and the DMRS may be transmitted on resource blocks that correspond or are related to each other. That is, the DMRS and the data message may be transmitted within the same frequency range. The first sequence may be transmitted over auxiliary resources that are located in the same or a different frequency region, and are located the same or a different TTI (e.g., a TTI that is prior to or subsequent to the TTI in which UE 115-c transmits the data message) .

At 655, base station 105-b may identify and receive one or more transmissions over the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the UEs, which may include UE 115-c. The identification may be based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences while monitoring. Base station 105-c may, for example, compare received composite sequences to the composite sequences identified at 630, and may thus identify valid composite sequences sent from UEs 115 such as UE 115-c. In some examples, base station 105-b may identify the transmissions by performing a decoding operation on one or more of the detected set of composite sequences. Based on the decoding operation, base station may identify signatures associated with one or more UEs, which may include UE 115-c, corresponding to the one or more transmissions.

FIG. 7 shows a block diagram 700 of a device 705 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. The device 705 may include a receiver 710, a communications manager 715, and a transmitter 720. The device 705 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The receiver 710 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to UE signature design for NOMA system, etc. ) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 705. The receiver 710 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10. The receiver 710 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The communications manager 715 may identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions, identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity, determine a first index and a second index, map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence, transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources, and transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity. The communications manager 715 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1010 described herein.

The communications manager 715, or its sub-components, may be implemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 715, or its sub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD) , discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.

The communications manager 715, or its sub-components, may be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components. In some examples, the communications manager 715, or its sub-components, may be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the communications manager 715, or its sub-components, may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

The transmitter 720 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 705. In some examples, the transmitter 720 may be collocated with a receiver 710 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 720 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10. The transmitter 720 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a device 705 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a communications manager 815, and a transmitter 845. The device 805 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The receiver 810 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to UE signature design for NOMA system, etc. ) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The communications manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 715 as described herein. The communications manager 815 may include a data manager 820, an auxiliary resource manager 825, an index manager 830, a mapping manager 835, and a sequence manager 840. The communications manager 815 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1010 described herein.

The data manager 820 may identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions.

The auxiliary resource manager 825 may identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity.

The index manager 830 may determine a first index and a second index.

The mapping manager 835 may map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence.

The sequence manager 840 may transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources and transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.

The transmitter 845 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 805. In some examples, the transmitter 845 may be collocated with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 845 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1020 described with reference to FIG. 10. The transmitter 845 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a communications manager 905 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 905 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 715, a communications manager 815, or a communications manager 1010 described herein. The communications manager 905 may include a data manager 910, an auxiliary resource manager 915, an index manager 920, a mapping manager 925, a sequence manager 930, an encoding operation manager 935, and a demultiplexer 940. Each of these modules may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The data manager 910 may identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions.

The auxiliary resource manager 915 may identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity. In some examples, the auxiliary resource manager 915 may frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity. In some examples, the auxiliary resource manager 915 may frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity. In some cases, a set of symbol periods of the set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity. In some cases, at least one symbol period of the set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.

The index manager 920 may determine a first index and a second index.

The mapping manager 925 may map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence.

The sequence manager 930 may transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources. In some examples, the sequence manager 930 may transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity. In some cases, the second sequence includes a demodulation reference signal and the predetermined set of time-frequency resources includes time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the transmission opportunity. In some cases, a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences. In some cases, the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.

The encoding operation manager 935 may perform an encoding operation on a signature associated with the UE to obtain an encoded signature. In some cases, the signature is based on an identifier of the UE or a parameter received from a base station. In some cases, the signature has a first length and the encoded signature has a second length that is greater than the first length. In some cases, the encoding operation includes a block encoding.

The demultiplexer 940 may demultiplex the encoded signature to obtain the first index and the second index.

FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a system 1000 including a device 1005 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1005 may be an example of or include the components of device 705, device 805, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 1005 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager 1010, an I/O controller 1015, a transceiver 1020, an antenna 1025, memory 1030, and a processor 1040. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1045) .

The communications manager 1010 may identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions, identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity, determine a first index and a second index, map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence, transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources, and transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.

The I/O controller 1015 may manage input and output signals for the device 1005. The I/O controller 1015 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1005. In some cases, the I/O controller 1015 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I/O controller 1015 may utilize an operating system such as

or another known operating system. In other cases, the I/O controller 1015 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller 1015 may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1005 via the I/O controller 1015 or via hardware components controlled by the I/O controller 1015.

The transceiver 1020 may communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 1020 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1020 may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas.

In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 1025. However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna 1025, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

The memory 1030 may include RAM and ROM. The memory 1030 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1035 including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1030 may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

The processor 1040 may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a PLD, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the processor 1040 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 1040. The processor 1040 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1030) to cause the device 1005 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting UE signature design for NOMA system) .

The code 1035 may include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions to support wireless communications. The code 1035 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1035 may not be directly executable by the processor 1040 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein.

FIG. 11 shows a block diagram 1100 of a device 1105 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of aspects of a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1105 may include a receiver 1110, a communications manager 1115, and a transmitter 1120. The device 1105 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The receiver 1110 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to UE signature design for NOMA system, etc. ) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1105. The receiver 1110 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14. The receiver 1110 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The communications manager 1115 may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions, receive the one or more transmissions, assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities, identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities, identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring, and monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences. The communications manager 1115 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1410 described herein.

The communications manager 1115, or its sub-components, may be implemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other PLD, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure.

The communications manager 1115, or its sub-components, may be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components. In some examples, the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components, may be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the communications manager 1115, or its sub-components, may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

The transmitter 1120 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1105. In some examples, the transmitter 1120 may be collocated with a receiver 1110 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1120 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14. The transmitter 1120 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of a device 1105 or a base station 115 as described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a communications manager 1215, and a transmitter 1240. The device 1205 may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The receiver 1210 may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to UE signature design for NOMA system, etc. ) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1205. The receiver 1210 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14. The receiver 1210 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

The communications manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1115 as described herein. The communications manager 1215 may include a transmission opportunity manager 1220, an auxiliary resource manager 1225, a sequence manager 1230, and a monitoring manager 1235. The communications manager 1215 may be an example of aspects of the communications manager 1410 described herein.

The transmission opportunity manager 1220 may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions and receive the one or more transmissions.

The auxiliary resource manager 1225 may assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities.

The sequence manager 1230 may identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities and identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring.

The monitoring manager 1235 may monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences.

The transmitter 1240 may transmit signals generated by other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the transmitter 1240 may be collocated with a receiver 1210 in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter 1240 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 1420 described with reference to FIG. 14. The transmitter 1240 may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of a communications manager 1305 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1305 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1115, a communications manager 1215, or a communications manager 1410 described herein. The communications manager 1305 may include a transmission opportunity manager 1310, an auxiliary resource manager 1315, a sequence manager 1320, a monitoring manager 1325, a decoding operation manager 1330, a signature identifier 1335, an UE threshold manager 1340, and a DMRS resource manager 1345. Each of these modules may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .

The transmission opportunity manager 1310 may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions. In some examples, the transmission opportunity manager 1310 may receive the one or more transmissions.

The auxiliary resource manager 1315 may assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities. In some examples, the auxiliary resource manager 1315 may increase an assignment of resources for the respective sets of auxiliary resources according to the increased dimension. In some examples, the auxiliary resource manager 1315 may frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities. In some examples, the auxiliary resource manager 1315 may frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities. In some cases, a set of symbol periods of a respective set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities. In some cases, at least one symbol period of a respective set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.

The sequence manager 1320 may identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities. In some examples, the sequence manager 1320 may identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring. In some examples, the sequence manager 1320 may increase a dimension of the first set of indexed sequences. In some cases, a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences. In some cases, the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.

The monitoring manager 1325 may monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences.

The decoding operation manager 1330 may perform a decoding operation on one or more of the set of composite sequences detected during the monitoring.

The signature identifier 1335 may identify signatures associated with one or more UEs corresponding to the one or more transmissions based on the decoding operation.

The UE threshold manager 1340 may identify that a number of the set of UEs exceeds a threshold.

The DMRS resource manager 1345 may configure or assign the predetermined time-frequency resources such that the predetermined time-frequency resources include time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the respective transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the respective transmission opportunity.

FIG. 14 shows a diagram of a system 1400 including a device 1405 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1405 may be an example of or include the components of device 1105, device 1205, or a base station 105 as described herein. The device 1405 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager 1410, a network communications manager 1415, a transceiver 1420, an antenna 1425, memory 1430, a processor 1440, and an inter-station communications manager 1445. These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1450) .

The communications manager 1410 may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions, receive the one or more transmissions, assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities, identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities, identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring, and monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences.

The network communications manager 1415 may manage communications with the core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links) . For example, the network communications manager 1415 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115.

The transceiver 1420 may communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver 1420 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1420 may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas.

In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 1425. However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna 1425, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions.

The memory 1430 may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. The memory 1430 may store computer-readable code 1435 including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., the processor 1440) cause the device to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory 1430 may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

The processor 1440 may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a PLD, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the processor 1440 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, a memory controller may be integrated into processor 1440. The processor 1440 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 1430) to cause the device to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting UE signature design for NOMA system) .

The code 1435 may include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions to support wireless communications. The code 1435 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code 1435 may not be directly executable by the processor 1440 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein.

The inter-station communications manager 1445 may manage communications with other base station 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 in cooperation with other base stations 105. For example, the inter-station communications manager 1445 may coordinate scheduling for transmissions to UEs 115 for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-station communications manager 1445 may provide an X2 interface within an LTE/LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between base stations 105.

FIG. 15 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1500 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1500 may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1500 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1505, the UE may identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions. The operations of 1505 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1505 may be performed by a data manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1510, the UE may identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity. The operations of 1510 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1510 may be performed by an auxiliary resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1515, the UE may determine a first index and a second index. The operations of 1515 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1515 may be performed by an index manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1520, the UE may map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence. The operations of 1520 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1520 may be performed by a mapping manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1525, the UE may transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources. The operations of 1525 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1525 may be performed by a sequence manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1530, the UE may transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity. The operations of 1530 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1530 may be performed by a sequence manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

FIG. 16 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1600 may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1600 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10. In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1605, the UE may identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions. The operations of 1605 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed by a data manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1610, the UE may identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals including the transmission opportunity. The operations of 1610 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed by an auxiliary resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1615, the UE may perform an encoding operation on a signature associated with the UE to obtain an encoded signature. The operations of 1615 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed by an encoding operation manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1620, the UE may demultiplex the encoded signature to obtain the first index and the second index. The operations of 1620 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed by a demultiplexer as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1625, the UE may determine a first index and a second index. The operations of 1625 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1625 may be performed by an index manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1630, the UE may map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence. The operations of 1630 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1630 may be performed by a mapping manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1635, the UE may transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources. The operations of 1635 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1635 may be performed by a sequence manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

At 1640, the UE may transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity. The operations of 1640 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1640 may be performed by a sequence manager as described with reference to FIGs. 7 through 10.

FIG. 17 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1700 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1700 may be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1700 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14. In some examples, a base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a base station may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1705, the base station may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions. The operations of 1705 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed by a transmission opportunity manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1710, the base station may assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities. The operations of 1710 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed by an auxiliary resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1715, the base station may identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities. The operations of 1715 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by a sequence manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1720, the base station may monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences. The operations of 1720 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed by a monitoring manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1725, the base station may identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring. The operations of 1725 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1725 may be performed by a sequence manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1730, the base station may receive the one or more transmissions. The operations of 1730 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1730 may be performed by a transmission opportunity manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

FIG. 18 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 that supports UE signature design for NOMA system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1800 may be implemented by a base station 105 or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1800 may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14. In some examples, a base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a base station may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1805, the base station may assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a set of UEs for autonomous uplink transmissions. The operations of 1805 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed by a transmission opportunity manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1810, the base station may assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the set of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities. The operations of 1810 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed by an auxiliary resource manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1815, the base station may identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the set of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities. The operations of 1815 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed by a sequence manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1820, the base station may monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences. The operations of 1820 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1820 may be performed by a monitoring manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1825, the base station may identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the set of UEs based on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring. The operations of 1825 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1825 may be performed by a sequence manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1830, the base station may perform a decoding operation on one or more of the set of composite sequences detected during the monitoring. The operations of 1830 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1830 may be performed by a decoding operation manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1835, the base station may identify signatures associated with one or more UEs corresponding to the one or more transmissions based on the decoding operation. The operations of 1835 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1835 may be performed by a signature identifier as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

At 1840, the base station may receive the one or more transmissions. The operations of 1840 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1840 may be performed by a transmission opportunity manager as described with reference to FIGs. 11 through 14.

It should be noted that the methods described above describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

Techniques described herein may be used for various wireless communications systems such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) , single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) , and other systems. A CDMA system may implement a radio technology such as CDMA2000, UTRA, etc. CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. IS-2000 Releases may be commonly referred to as CDMA2000 1X, 1X, etc. IS-856 (TIA-856) is commonly referred to as CDMA2000 1xEV-DO, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) , etc. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. A TDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) .

An OFDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , E-UTRA, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) . LTE, LTE-A, and LTE-A Pro are releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR, and GSM are described in documents from the organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP) . CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2) . The techniques described herein may be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above as well as other systems and radio technologies. While aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR applications.

A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell may be associated with a lower-powered base station 105, as compared with a macro cell, and a small cell may operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed, etc. ) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may include pico cells, femto cells, and micro cells according to various examples. A pico cell, for example, may cover a small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 115 with service subscriptions with the network provider. A femto cell may also cover a small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may provide restricted access by UEs 115 having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG) , UEs 115 for users in the home, and the like) . An eNB for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro eNB. An eNB for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell eNB, a pico eNB, a femto eNB, or a home eNB. An eNB may support one or multiple (e.g., two, three, four, and the like) cells, and may also support communications using one or multiple component carriers.

The wireless communications system 100 or systems described herein may supportsynchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations 105 may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations 105 may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations 105 may not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operations.

Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

The various illustrative blocks and modules described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, an FPGA or other PLD, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) .

The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described above can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.

Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include random-access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an exemplary step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”

In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference label.

The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “exemplary” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration, ” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

The description herein is provided to enable a person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:

identifying a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions;

identifying a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals comprising the transmission opportunity;

determining a first index and a second index;

mapping the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence;

transmitting the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources; and

transmitting the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first index and the second index comprises:

performing an encoding operation on a signature associated with the UE to obtain an encoded signature; and

demultiplexing the encoded signature to obtain the first index and the second index.
The method of claim 2, wherein the signature is based at least in part on an identifier of the UE or a parameter received from a base station.
The method of claim 2, wherein the signature has a first length and the encoded signature has a second length that is greater than the first length.
The method of claim 2, wherein the encoding operation comprises a block encoding.
The method of claim 1, wherein the second sequence comprises a demodulation reference signal and the predetermined set of time-frequency resources comprises time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The method of claim 1, wherein a set of symbol periods of the set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.
The method of claim 1, wherein at least one symbol period of the set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.
The method of claim 1, wherein:

frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The method of claim 1, wherein:

frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The method of claim 1, wherein a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.
The method of claim 1, wherein the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.
A method for wireless communication at a base station, comprising:

assigning respective sets of transmission opportunities to a plurality of user equipments (UEs) for autonomous uplink transmissions;

assigning respective sets of auxiliary resources to the plurality of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities;

identifying a set of composite sequences for transmission by the plurality of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities;

monitoring the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences;

identifying one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the plurality of UEs based at least in part on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring; and

receiving the one or more transmissions.
The method of claim 13, wherein the identifying the one or more transmissions comprises:

performing a decoding operation on one or more of the set of composite sequences detected during the monitoring; and

identifying signatures associated with one or more UEs corresponding to the one or more transmissions based at least in part on the decoding operation.
The method of claim 13, further comprising:

identifying that a number of the plurality of UEs exceeds a threshold;

increasing a dimension of the first set of indexed sequences; and

increasing an assignment of resources for the respective sets of auxiliary resources according to the increased dimension.
The method of claim 13, wherein the predetermined time-frequency resources comprise time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the respective transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the respective transmission opportunity.
The method of claim 13, wherein a set of symbol periods of a respective set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The method of claim 13, wherein at least one symbol period of a respective set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The method of claim 13, wherein:

frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The method of claim 13, wherein:

frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The method of claim 13, wherein a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.
The method of claim 13, wherein the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.
An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:

a processor,

memory in electronic communication with the processor; and

instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:

identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions;

identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals comprising the transmission opportunity;

determine a first index and a second index;

map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence;

transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources; and

transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the instructions to determine the first index and the second index are executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:

perform an encoding operation on a signature associated with the UE to obtain an encoded signature; and

demultiplex the encoded signature to obtain the first index and the second index.
The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the signature is based at least in part on an identifier of the UE or a parameter received from a base station.
The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the signature has a first length and the encoded signature has a second length that is greater than the first length.
The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the encoding operation comprises a block encoding.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the second sequence comprises a demodulation reference signal and the predetermined set of time-frequency resources comprises time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein a set of symbol periods of the set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein at least one symbol period of the set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.
An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising:

a processor,

memory in electronic communication with the processor; and

instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:

assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a plurality of user equipments (UEs) for autonomous uplink transmissions;

assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the plurality of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities;

identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the plurality of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities;

monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences;

identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the plurality of UEs based at least in part on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring; and

receive the one or more transmissions.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the identifying the one or more transmissions comprises:

perform a decoding operation on one or more of the set of composite sequences detected during the monitoring; and

identify signatures associated with one or more UEs corresponding to the one or more transmissions based at least in part on the decoding operation.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:

identify that a number of the plurality of UEs exceeds a threshold;

increase a dimension of the first set of indexed sequences; and

increase an assignment of resources for the respective sets of auxiliary resources according to the increased dimension.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the predetermined time-frequency resources comprise time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the respective transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the respective transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein a set of symbol periods of a respective set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein at least one symbol period of a respective set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.
The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.
An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , comprising:

means for identifying a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions;

means for identifying a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals comprising the transmission opportunity;

means for determining a first index and a second index;

means for mapping the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence;

means for transmitting the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources; and

means for transmitting the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the means for determining the first index and the second index comprises:

means for performing an encoding operation on a signature associated with the UE to obtain an encoded signature; and

means for demultiplexing the encoded signature to obtain the first index and the second index.
The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the signature is based at least in part on an identifier of the UE or a parameter received from a base station.
The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the signature has a first length and the encoded signature has a second length that is greater than the first length.
The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the encoding operation comprises a block encoding.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the second sequence comprises a demodulation reference signal and the predetermined set of time-frequency resources comprises time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein a set of symbol periods of the set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein at least one symbol period of the set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.
An apparatus for wireless communication at a base station, comprising:

means for assigning respective sets of transmission opportunities to a plurality of user equipments (UEs) for autonomous uplink transmissions;

means for assigning respective sets of auxiliary resources to the plurality of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities;

means for identifying a set of composite sequences for transmission by the plurality of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities;

means for monitoring the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences;

means for identifying one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the plurality of UEs based at least in part on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring; and

means for receiving the one or more transmissions.
The apparatus of claim 57, wherein the identifying the one or more transmissions comprises:

means for performing a decoding operation on one or more of the set of composite sequences detected during the monitoring; and

means for identifying signatures associated with one or more UEs corresponding to the one or more transmissions based at least in part on the decoding operation.
The apparatus of claim 57, further comprising:

means for identifying that a number of the plurality of UEs exceeds a threshold;

means for increasing a dimension of the first set of indexed sequences; and

means for increasing an assignment of resources for the respective sets of auxiliary resources according to the increased dimension.
The apparatus of claim 57, wherein the predetermined time-frequency resources comprise time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the respective transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the respective transmission opportunity.
The apparatus of claim 57, wherein a set of symbol periods of a respective set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The apparatus of claim 57, wherein at least one symbol period of a respective set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The apparatus of claim 57, wherein frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The apparatus of claim 57, wherein frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The apparatus of claim 57, wherein a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.
The apparatus of claim 57, wherein the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE) , the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to:

identify a data message for transmission over a transmission opportunity of a set of transmission opportunities configured for autonomous uplink transmissions;

identify a set of auxiliary resources configured for one or more transmission time intervals comprising the transmission opportunity;

determine a first index and a second index;

map the first index within a first set of indexed sequences to obtain a first sequence and the second index within a second set of indexed sequences to obtain a second sequence;

transmit the first sequence over the set of auxiliary resources; and

transmit the second sequence and the data message over the transmission opportunity, the second sequence being transmitted in a predetermined set of time-frequency resources within the transmission opportunity.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 67, wherein the instructions to determine the first index and the second index are executable to:

perform an encoding operation on a signature associated with the UE to obtain an encoded signature; and

demultiplex the encoded signature to obtain the first index and the second index.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 68, wherein the signature is based at least in part on an identifier of the UE or a parameter received from a base station.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 68, wherein the signature has a first length and the encoded signature has a second length that is greater than the first length.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 68, wherein the encoding operation comprises a block encoding.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 67, wherein the second sequence comprises a demodulation reference signal and the predetermined set of time-frequency resources comprises time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 67, wherein a set of symbol periods of the set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 67, wherein at least one symbol period of the set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the transmission opportunity.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 67, wherein frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 67, wherein frequency resources of the set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the transmission opportunity.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 67, wherein a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 67, wherein the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.
A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a base station, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to:

assign respective sets of transmission opportunities to a plurality of user equipments (UEs) for autonomous uplink transmissions;

assign respective sets of auxiliary resources to the plurality of UEs, each of the respective sets of auxiliary resources associated with one or more transmission opportunities;

identify a set of composite sequences for transmission by the plurality of UEs over combinations of the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources, the set of composite sequences being based on a first set of indexed sequences used for transmissions over the sets of auxiliary resources and a second set of indexed sequences used for transmission over predetermined time-frequency resources within the respective sets of transmission opportunities;

monitor the respective sets of transmission opportunities and the respective sets of auxiliary resources for the set of composite sequences;

identify one or more transmissions over one or more of the respective sets of transmission opportunities from one or more of the plurality of UEs based at least in part on detecting one or more corresponding composite sequences from the monitoring; and

receive the one or more transmissions.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein the identifying the one or more transmissions comprises:

perform a decoding operation on one or more of the set of composite sequences detected during the monitoring; and

identify signatures associated with one or more UEs corresponding to the one or more transmissions based at least in part on the decoding operation.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein the instructions are further executable to:

identify that a number of the plurality of UEs exceeds a threshold;

increase a dimension of the first set of indexed sequences; and

increase an assignment of resources for the respective sets of auxiliary resources according to the increased dimension.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein the predetermined time-frequency resources comprise time resources corresponding to a symbol period of the respective transmission opportunity and frequency resources corresponding to frequency resources of the respective transmission opportunity.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein a set of symbol periods of a respective set of auxiliary resources are before a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein at least one symbol period of a respective set of auxiliary resources is subsequent to a first symbol period of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein frequency resources of a respective set of auxiliary resources are non-overlapping with frequency resources of the associated one or more transmission opportunities.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein a first number of sequences in the first set of indexed sequences is different than a second number of sequences in the second set of indexed sequences.
The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 79, wherein the first set of indexed sequences has a same number of sequences as the second set of indexed sequences.