WO2020016008A1 - Angular position detection apparatus, method and electric machine - Google Patents

Angular position detection apparatus, method and electric machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020016008A1
WO2020016008A1 PCT/EP2019/067805 EP2019067805W WO2020016008A1 WO 2020016008 A1 WO2020016008 A1 WO 2020016008A1 EP 2019067805 W EP2019067805 W EP 2019067805W WO 2020016008 A1 WO2020016008 A1 WO 2020016008A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
rotating body
electric machine
light emitters
sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/067805
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Xiaoyun Zang
Alexander Boronka
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2020016008A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020016008A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes

Definitions

  • the present application generally relates to an angular position detection apparatus for an electric machine, and an electric machine equipped with the detection apparatus, and the present application also relates to an angular position detection method.
  • field oriented control In order to drive a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine, field oriented control (FOC) is required. A prerequisite for realizing precise FOC is determination of angular position of a rotor of the electric machine.
  • rotor angular position sensors such as phase splitters, Hall sensors, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors or optical encoders can be used to provide information relating to rotor angular position, they are generally high in price, and in the case of applications such as electric vehicles, are unable to guarantee the required high precision, as well as having a high cost.
  • some sensors need a specific space for installation, e.g. GMR sensors require a magnet to be arranged close to the sensor, with the magnet being attached to one end of the rotor shaft; this causes elongation of the shaft, and is unsuitable in cases where the shaft is hollow.
  • an electric machine in particular a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine, comprising: a housing; a rotating body mounted rotatably in the housing; and an angular position detection apparatus, comprising: light emitters located on a rotatable peripheral surface of the rotating body, and a light sensor which is mounted in a fixed manner relative to the housing and separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance; a screen that is fixed relative to the housing is provided between the light emitters and the light sensor, and an opening is formed in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening; viewed in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotating body, the light emitters are at least three in number, and are spaced apart in
  • the at least three light emitters are spaced apart from one another at equal angles in the circumferential direction, and the light sensor comprises a color sensor.
  • the at least three light emitters are spaced apart from one another at unequal angles in the circumferential direction, and a circumferential angle between two circumferentially adjacent light emitters is less than 180°.
  • the light emitters are three in number, capable of emitting red light, green light and blue light respectively, and spaced apart from one another at a circumferential angle of 120° in the circumferential direction.
  • the light emitters emit monochromatic light
  • the light sensor comprises a brightness sensor.
  • the light emitters are capable of emitting light of different colors.
  • the light sensor comprises a color sensor.
  • the light sensor comprises a casing, and the screen is formed by the casing.
  • the screen is disposed around the rotating body.
  • the rotating body is a rotor of the electric machine or a rotation shaft supporting the rotor.
  • the light emitter is a light-emitting diode.
  • the light sensor is located in the housing.
  • an angular position detection apparatus comprising: at least three light emitters located on a rotatable peripheral surface of a rotating body, the at least three light emitters being spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction, wherein the rotating body is mounted rotatably in a housing; and a light sensor which is separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance and mounted in a fixed manner relative to the housing; a screen that is fixed relative to the housing is provided between the light emitters and the light sensor, and an opening is formed in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening; the light emitters are configured such that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes.
  • a method for detecting an angular position of a rotating body comprising: rotatably mounting a rotating body in a housing; arranging light emitters on a rotatable peripheral surface of the rotating body; arranging a light sensor, so that the light sensor is separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance; arranging, between the light emitters and the light sensor, a screen that is fixed relative to the housing, and forming an opening in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening; viewed in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotating body, the light emitters are at least three in number, and the at least three light emitters are spaced apart in a circumferential direction, so that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes.
  • an angular position of an electric machine rotation shaft can be measured simply, conveniently and cheaply with high precision, without significantly altering an existing electric machine structure.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an interior side view of an electric machine, wherein an angular position detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is disposed inside the electric machine.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a distribution drawing of the angular position detection apparatus in fig. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically a distribution drawing of an angular position detection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application. Particular embodiments
  • electric machine refers to any electric machine whose rotor angular position needs to be determined, including but not limited to a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an interior side view of an electric machine 1.
  • the electric machine 1 comprises a housing 10 (only partly shown), a stator (not shown) fixed in the housing 10, and a rotor 20 mounted rotatably in the housing 10.
  • the rotor 20 comprises a rotation shaft 30, which is supported rotatably relative to the housing 10.
  • the electric machine 1 further comprises an angular position detection apparatus 100 disposed inside the housing 10.
  • the angular position detection apparatus 100 comprises three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 mounted on a circumferential side face of the rotation shaft 30 of the rotor 20, and a light sensor 104 arranged in a fixed manner relative to the housing 10.
  • the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 can emit red light, green light and blue light respectively.
  • the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are red-light, green- light and blue-light LED (light-emitting diode) light emitters respectively.
  • the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are substantially located in the same plane perpendicular to the rotation shaft 30, and are spaced apart from one another by the same circumferential angle, i.e. 120°. Furthermore, the light sensor 104 is coplanar with the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103.
  • the light sensor 104 comprises a casing 104a and a color sensor 104b disposed in the casing 104a. In addition, an opening 104c is provided in the casing 104a. When the rotation shaft 30 rotates, any one of the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 can align with the opening 104c.
  • the opening 104c is for example in the form of a slit parallel to a central axis of the rotation shaft 30, and the slit width is in the range of a few microns to a few millimetres, preferably the minimum width that allows light emitted by the light emitters to pass through the slit.
  • the color sensor 104b may for example be a color sensor of any model number that is currently for sale on the market, e.g. TCS34725.
  • the color sensor can identify sensing output values of red light, green light and blue light, i.e. RGB values. For example, when pure red light is inputted into the opening 104c, the RGB values outputted by the color sensor are [255, 0, 0]; when pure green light is inputted into the opening 104c, the RGB values outputted by the color sensor are [0, 255, 0]; when pure blue light is inputted into the opening 104c, the RGB values outputted by the color sensor are [0, 0, 255].
  • the RGB values outputted by the color sensor may be values lying between [255, 0, 0] and [0, 255, 0].
  • the RGB values may be understood as being one three-dimensional vector value, [x, y, z], wherein x, y, z are respectively integers between 0 and 255.
  • the light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are connected to a power supply (not shown in the figures) via conducting wires (not shown in the figures), and together with the color sensor 104b are in data connection with an electronic control unit (not shown in the figures).
  • the electronic control unit is used to control the activation of the light emitters, and to receive outputted RGB data from the color sensor 104b.
  • the precision of measurement of circumferential position of the rotation shaft 30 can reach 360 (256 c 256 c 256) « 0.00002°.
  • the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 could also be mounted on a rotor winding of the rotor 20 directly.
  • the light emitters may be mounted on a rotatable peripheral surface of a rotating body in the housing 10, wherein the rotor 20 or rotation shaft 30 may form the rotating body.
  • the rotatable peripheral surface is parallel to a central rotation axis of the rotating body.
  • the light sensor 104 may be mounted on a stator of the electric machine.
  • the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are uniformly spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction; however, in an alternative embodiment, the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 could also be spaced apart from one another at different circumferential angles.
  • the light emitters 101 and 102 may be spaced apart from one another by a circumferential angle of 110°, and the light emitters 101 and 103 may be spaced apart from one another by a circumferential angle of 110°; it is only necessary to ensure that the circumferential angle between two circumferentially adjacent light emitters is less than 180°.
  • the angular position of the rotation shaft 30 may also be determined according to the RGB values of light inputted into the opening 104c of the light sensor 104 by the light emitters on the rotation shaft 30 when emitting light, through pre-calibration.
  • the light emitters 101, 102 and 103 when the light emitters 101, 102 and 103 emit light, the light first passes through the opening 104c of the light sensor 104, and is then received by the color sensor 104b of the light sensor 104.
  • a cylinder that is fixed relative to the housing 10 it is also possible for a cylinder that is fixed relative to the housing 10 to be disposed around the light emitters 101, 102 and 103, with an opening similar to the opening 104c being provided in the cylinder; in this way, when the light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are emitting light, as the rotation shaft 30 rotates to different positions, light of different colors can be observed through the opening, and then received by the color sensor 104b.
  • the opening 104c of the light sensor 104 may also be omitted.
  • both the casing 104a shown in figs. 2 and 3 and the cylinder form a screen, such that the sensor in the light sensor can only receive light from the light emitters through the opening.
  • the light emitters could also be configured to emit light of another color.
  • the number of light emitters is not limited to three, but could also be a larger number.
  • the light emitters may emit monochromatic light, e.g. white light, and the color sensor 104b of the angular position detection apparatus 100 is replaced by a brightness sensor; in addition, the light emitters can be arranged at non-uniform intervals around the rotation shaft 30 in the manner shown in fig. 3, but it must be ensured that the circumferential angle between two circumferentially adjacent light emitters is less than 180°.
  • the intensity of light emitted by the light emitters is different at the position where the brightness sensor is situated.
  • the angular position of the rotation shaft 30 may also be determined by means of the brightness sensor.
  • the light sensor 104 is located on an inner wall of the housing 10 in the embodiments shown, in an alternative embodiment the light sensor 104 could also be located on an outer wall of the housing 10, with a through-hole in communication with the opening 104c also being provided on the outer wall.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is an electric machine, comprising: a housing; a rotating body mounted rotatably in the housing; and an angular position detection apparatus, comprising: light emitters located on a rotatable peripheral surface of the rotating body, and a light sensor which is mounted in a fixed manner relative to the housing and separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance; a screen that is fixed relative to the housing is provided between the light emitters and the light sensor, and an opening is formed in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening; viewed in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotating body, the light emitters are at least three in number, and are spaced apart in a circumferential direction, so that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes.

Description

Description
Angular position detection apparatus, method and electric machine Technical field
The present application generally relates to an angular position detection apparatus for an electric machine, and an electric machine equipped with the detection apparatus, and the present application also relates to an angular position detection method.
Background art
In order to drive a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine, field oriented control (FOC) is required. A prerequisite for realizing precise FOC is determination of angular position of a rotor of the electric machine. Although rotor angular position sensors such as phase splitters, Hall sensors, giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors or optical encoders can be used to provide information relating to rotor angular position, they are generally high in price, and in the case of applications such as electric vehicles, are unable to guarantee the required high precision, as well as having a high cost. Furthermore, some sensors need a specific space for installation, e.g. GMR sensors require a magnet to be arranged close to the sensor, with the magnet being attached to one end of the rotor shaft; this causes elongation of the shaft, and is unsuitable in cases where the shaft is hollow.
Hence, there is a need to search for a simple, low-cost measure to determine rotor angular position with higher precision without the need for additional space to be taken up.
Content of the invention
In response to the abovementioned problem, the aim of the present application is to propose an improved optical angular position sensor, in order to take up little space when used in an electric machine, with a low cost and high precision. According to one aspect of the present invention, an electric machine is provided, in particular a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine, comprising: a housing; a rotating body mounted rotatably in the housing; and an angular position detection apparatus, comprising: light emitters located on a rotatable peripheral surface of the rotating body, and a light sensor which is mounted in a fixed manner relative to the housing and separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance; a screen that is fixed relative to the housing is provided between the light emitters and the light sensor, and an opening is formed in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening; viewed in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotating body, the light emitters are at least three in number, and are spaced apart in a circumferential direction, so that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes. In the context of the present application, the rotatable peripheral surface of the rotating body is a peripheral surface of the rotating body that is parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating body.
Optionally, the at least three light emitters are spaced apart from one another at equal angles in the circumferential direction, and the light sensor comprises a color sensor.
Optionally, the at least three light emitters are spaced apart from one another at unequal angles in the circumferential direction, and a circumferential angle between two circumferentially adjacent light emitters is less than 180°.
Optionally, the light emitters are three in number, capable of emitting red light, green light and blue light respectively, and spaced apart from one another at a circumferential angle of 120° in the circumferential direction.
Optionally, the light emitters emit monochromatic light, and the light sensor comprises a brightness sensor. Optionally, the light emitters are capable of emitting light of different colors.
Optionally, the light sensor comprises a color sensor.
Optionally, the light sensor comprises a casing, and the screen is formed by the casing.
Optionally, the screen is disposed around the rotating body.
Optionally, the rotating body is a rotor of the electric machine or a rotation shaft supporting the rotor.
Optionally, the light emitter is a light-emitting diode.
Optionally, the light sensor is located in the housing.
According to another aspect of the present application, an angular position detection apparatus is provided, comprising: at least three light emitters located on a rotatable peripheral surface of a rotating body, the at least three light emitters being spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction, wherein the rotating body is mounted rotatably in a housing; and a light sensor which is separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance and mounted in a fixed manner relative to the housing; a screen that is fixed relative to the housing is provided between the light emitters and the light sensor, and an opening is formed in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening; the light emitters are configured such that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes.
According to another aspect of the present application, a method for detecting an angular position of a rotating body is also provided, comprising: rotatably mounting a rotating body in a housing; arranging light emitters on a rotatable peripheral surface of the rotating body; arranging a light sensor, so that the light sensor is separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance; arranging, between the light emitters and the light sensor, a screen that is fixed relative to the housing, and forming an opening in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening; viewed in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotating body, the light emitters are at least three in number, and the at least three light emitters are spaced apart in a circumferential direction, so that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes.
Using the technical solution of the present application described above, an angular position of an electric machine rotation shaft can be measured simply, conveniently and cheaply with high precision, without significantly altering an existing electric machine structure.
Description of the accompanying drawings
A more comprehensive understanding of the abovementioned and other aspects of the present application will be gained from the following detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings below. It must be pointed out that different drawings might be drawn to different scales for clarity of explanation, but this will not affect understanding of the present application. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows schematically an interior side view of an electric machine, wherein an angular position detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is disposed inside the electric machine.
Fig. 2 shows schematically a distribution drawing of the angular position detection apparatus in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows schematically a distribution drawing of an angular position detection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application. Particular embodiments
In the drawings of the present application, structurally identical or functionally similar features are indicated by identical reference labels.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the term “electric machine” mentioned herein refers to any electric machine whose rotor angular position needs to be determined, including but not limited to a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine.
Fig. 1 shows schematically an interior side view of an electric machine 1. The electric machine 1 comprises a housing 10 (only partly shown), a stator (not shown) fixed in the housing 10, and a rotor 20 mounted rotatably in the housing 10. The rotor 20 comprises a rotation shaft 30, which is supported rotatably relative to the housing 10. According to an embodiment of the present application, the electric machine 1 further comprises an angular position detection apparatus 100 disposed inside the housing 10. Furthermore, as shown in fig. 2, the angular position detection apparatus 100 comprises three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 mounted on a circumferential side face of the rotation shaft 30 of the rotor 20, and a light sensor 104 arranged in a fixed manner relative to the housing 10. In the present application, the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 can emit red light, green light and blue light respectively. Especially preferably, the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are red-light, green- light and blue-light LED (light-emitting diode) light emitters respectively.
The three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are substantially located in the same plane perpendicular to the rotation shaft 30, and are spaced apart from one another by the same circumferential angle, i.e. 120°. Furthermore, the light sensor 104 is coplanar with the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103. The light sensor 104 comprises a casing 104a and a color sensor 104b disposed in the casing 104a. In addition, an opening 104c is provided in the casing 104a. When the rotation shaft 30 rotates, any one of the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 can align with the opening 104c. The opening 104c is for example in the form of a slit parallel to a central axis of the rotation shaft 30, and the slit width is in the range of a few microns to a few millimetres, preferably the minimum width that allows light emitted by the light emitters to pass through the slit.
The color sensor 104b may for example be a color sensor of any model number that is currently for sale on the market, e.g. TCS34725. Specifically, the color sensor can identify sensing output values of red light, green light and blue light, i.e. RGB values. For example, when pure red light is inputted into the opening 104c, the RGB values outputted by the color sensor are [255, 0, 0]; when pure green light is inputted into the opening 104c, the RGB values outputted by the color sensor are [0, 255, 0]; when pure blue light is inputted into the opening 104c, the RGB values outputted by the color sensor are [0, 0, 255]. When the color of the inputted light lies between red light and green light, the RGB values outputted by the color sensor may be values lying between [255, 0, 0] and [0, 255, 0]. Here, the RGB values may be understood as being one three-dimensional vector value, [x, y, z], wherein x, y, z are respectively integers between 0 and 255.
The light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are connected to a power supply (not shown in the figures) via conducting wires (not shown in the figures), and together with the color sensor 104b are in data connection with an electronic control unit (not shown in the figures). The electronic control unit is used to control the activation of the light emitters, and to receive outputted RGB data from the color sensor 104b. Thus, when the rotation shaft 30 of the electric machine is stationary, first of all the light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are activated, and corresponding RGB values are recorded by means of the color sensor 104b, so an initial angular position of the rotation shaft 30 can be determined. After the rotation shaft 30 of the electric machine has rotated for a certain period of time, when the rotation shaft 30 is stationary again, the light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are activated again, and corresponding RGB values are recorded by means of the color sensor 104b; a current angular position of the rotation shaft 30 can thereby be determined. Hence, using the light sensor 104, in theory, the precision of measurement of circumferential position of the rotation shaft 30 can reach 360 (256 c 256 c 256) « 0.00002°.
In an alternative embodiment, the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 could also be mounted on a rotor winding of the rotor 20 directly. For example, the light emitters may be mounted on a rotatable peripheral surface of a rotating body in the housing 10, wherein the rotor 20 or rotation shaft 30 may form the rotating body. The rotatable peripheral surface is parallel to a central rotation axis of the rotating body. Alternatively, the light sensor 104 may be mounted on a stator of the electric machine.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are uniformly spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction; however, in an alternative embodiment, the three light emitters 101, 102 and 103 could also be spaced apart from one another at different circumferential angles. For example, as shown in fig. 3, in another embodiment, the light emitters 101 and 102 may be spaced apart from one another by a circumferential angle of 110°, and the light emitters 101 and 103 may be spaced apart from one another by a circumferential angle of 110°; it is only necessary to ensure that the circumferential angle between two circumferentially adjacent light emitters is less than 180°. With such an asymmetric arrangement as shown in fig. 3, the angular position of the rotation shaft 30 may also be determined according to the RGB values of light inputted into the opening 104c of the light sensor 104 by the light emitters on the rotation shaft 30 when emitting light, through pre-calibration.
In the embodiments shown, when the light emitters 101, 102 and 103 emit light, the light first passes through the opening 104c of the light sensor 104, and is then received by the color sensor 104b of the light sensor 104. Those skilled in the art should understand that in an alternative embodiment, it is also possible for a cylinder that is fixed relative to the housing 10 to be disposed around the light emitters 101, 102 and 103, with an opening similar to the opening 104c being provided in the cylinder; in this way, when the light emitters 101, 102 and 103 are emitting light, as the rotation shaft 30 rotates to different positions, light of different colors can be observed through the opening, and then received by the color sensor 104b. In this alternative embodiment, the opening 104c of the light sensor 104 may also be omitted. Thus, both the casing 104a shown in figs. 2 and 3 and the cylinder form a screen, such that the sensor in the light sensor can only receive light from the light emitters through the opening.
In an alternative embodiment, in addition to red light, green light and blue light, the light emitters could also be configured to emit light of another color. In addition, the number of light emitters is not limited to three, but could also be a larger number. In addition, in an alternative embodiment, the light emitters may emit monochromatic light, e.g. white light, and the color sensor 104b of the angular position detection apparatus 100 is replaced by a brightness sensor; in addition, the light emitters can be arranged at non-uniform intervals around the rotation shaft 30 in the manner shown in fig. 3, but it must be ensured that the circumferential angle between two circumferentially adjacent light emitters is less than 180°. Thus, at any angular position of the rotation shaft 30, the intensity of light emitted by the light emitters is different at the position where the brightness sensor is situated. Thus, the angular position of the rotation shaft 30 may also be determined by means of the brightness sensor. In addition, although the light sensor 104 is located on an inner wall of the housing 10 in the embodiments shown, in an alternative embodiment the light sensor 104 could also be located on an outer wall of the housing 10, with a through-hole in communication with the opening 104c also being provided on the outer wall. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments presented herein may be combined with each other arbitrarily. Although specific embodiments of the present application are described herein in detail, they are set out purely for the purpose of explanation, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. Moreover, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described herein may be used in combination with each other. Various substitutions, changes and modifications may be conceptualized, on condition that the spirit and scope of the present application are not departed from.

Claims

Claims
1. An electric machine (1), in particular a permanent magnet synchronous electric machine, comprising:
a housing (10);
a rotating body mounted rotatably in the housing (10); and
an angular position detection apparatus (100), comprising: light emitters located on a rotatable peripheral surface of the rotating body, and a light sensor which is mounted in a fixed manner relative to the housing (10) and separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance; a screen that is fixed relative to the housing (10) is provided between the light emitters and the light sensor, and an opening (104c) is formed in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening (104c); viewed in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotating body, the light emitters are at least three in number, and are spaced apart in a circumferential direction, so that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening (104c) varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes.
2. The electric machine (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the at least three light emitters are spaced apart from one another at equal angles in the circumferential direction, and the light sensor comprises a color sensor (104b).
3. The electric machine (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the at least three light emitters are spaced apart from one another at unequal angles in the circumferential direction, and a circumferential angle between two circumferentially adjacent light emitters is less than 180°.
4. The electric machine (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the light emitters are three in number, capable of emitting red light, green light and blue light respectively, and spaced apart from one another at a circumferential angle of 120° in the circumferential direction.
5. The electric machine (1) as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the light emitters emit monochromatic light, and the light sensor comprises a brightness sensor.
6. The electric machine (1) as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the light emitters are capable of emitting light of different colors.
7. The electric machine (1) as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the light sensor comprises a color sensor (104b).
8. The electric machine (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that the light sensor comprises a casing (104a), and the screen is formed by the casing (104a).
9. The electric machine (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that the screen is disposed around the rotating body.
10. The electric machine (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 9, characterized in that the rotating body is a rotor (20) of the electric machine (1) or a rotation shaft (30) supporting the rotor (20).
11. The electric machine (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 10, characterized in that the light emitter is a light-emitting diode.
12. The electric machine (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 11, characterized in that the light sensor is located in the housing (10).
13. An angular position detection apparatus, comprising:
at least three light emitters located on a rotatable peripheral surface of a rotating body, the at least three light emitters being spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction, wherein the rotating body is mounted rotatably in a housing (10); and
a light sensor which is separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance and mounted in a fixed manner relative to the housing (10); a screen that is fixed relative to the housing (10) is provided between the light emitters and the light sensor, and an opening (104c) is formed in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening (104c); the light emitters are configured such that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening (104c) varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes.
14. A method for detecting an angular position of a rotating body, comprising: rotatably mounting a rotating body in a housing (10);
arranging light emitters on a rotatable peripheral surface of the rotating body;
arranging a light sensor, so that the light sensor is separated from the rotatable peripheral surface by a radial distance;
arranging, between the light emitters and the light sensor, a screen that is fixed relative to the housing (10), and forming an opening (104c) in the screen, so that the light sensor can only receive light emitted by the light emitters through the opening (104c); viewed in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotating body, the light emitters are at least three in number, and the at least three light emitters are spaced apart in a circumferential direction, so that the color or brightness of light received by the light sensor through the opening (104c) varies as a rotation position of the rotating body changes.
PCT/EP2019/067805 2018-07-17 2019-07-03 Angular position detection apparatus, method and electric machine WO2020016008A1 (en)

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