WO2020010680A1 - 具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置 - Google Patents

具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020010680A1
WO2020010680A1 PCT/CN2018/103767 CN2018103767W WO2020010680A1 WO 2020010680 A1 WO2020010680 A1 WO 2020010680A1 CN 2018103767 W CN2018103767 W CN 2018103767W WO 2020010680 A1 WO2020010680 A1 WO 2020010680A1
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Prior art keywords
water
float
pipe
generating device
frame
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PCT/CN2018/103767
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English (en)
French (fr)
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边令仁
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边令仁
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Publication of WO2020010680A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020010680A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to power generation technology equipment, and in particular to a combined cage-framed ocean wave power generation device with a safety structure.
  • Electric energy is one of the main energy sources currently in use.
  • China mainly uses hydropower, thermal power and wind power.
  • scientific and technological personnel have developed a technology that uses ocean wave power generation.
  • the current wave power generation device has a complicated structure, a large volume, a heavy weight, low efficiency, and poor practicability.
  • this application has previously applied for a combined cage-type ocean wave power generation device (patent number: 2017210973073), thereby solving the above problems.
  • this patent application also has other defects, such as when the waves are large, the entire device is smashed by the waves, which affects the reliability of the work.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art above, and provide a combined cage-frame wave power generation device with a safety structure that has a simple and reasonable structure, high power generation efficiency, and reliable work.
  • the combined cage-type ocean wave power generation device with a safety structure includes a plurality of water collection units, a water collection pipe, a water collection tank, a hydro-generator and a controller, and a plurality of water collection units Floating on the sea through a combined cage-type placement rack, the water collecting unit is connected to the water collecting tank through a water collecting pipe, the water turbine generator is installed in the water collecting tank, and an air pump is arranged on the water collecting tank; the water collecting unit It includes a frame, a float, a piston, and a pressure water pipe. The float is arranged in the frame and floats in the sea. The float is provided with a receiving cavity.
  • the receiving cavity is provided with a high-pressure air chamber.
  • the high-pressure air chamber is connected by The tube is connected to an air pump;
  • the float is provided with a water inlet valve and a first exhaust valve for connecting with the receiving chamber, the high-pressure air chamber is provided with a second exhaust valve, and the high-pressure air chamber passes through the second exhaust valve Communicate with the accommodating chamber;
  • the air pump, the water inlet valve, the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve are all connected to the controller;
  • the pressure water pipe is installed in the frame, and the upper end of the pressure water pipe passes through the first communication pipe Connected to the collection pipe
  • a lower end of the pressure water pipe is connected to the water collecting pipe through a second communication pipe;
  • the piston is installed in the pressure water pipe, and the piston is located between the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe;
  • the first communication pipe and The second communication pipe is provided with a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve respectively; a section of the first communication pipe between the first one-
  • the upper end of the frame is provided with a first guide wheel, one end of the first cable is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first guide rod, and the other end of the first cable passes through the first water inlet and then bypasses the first
  • a guide wheel is connected to the float;
  • a second guide wheel is provided at the lower end of the frame, one end of the second cable is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second guide rod, and the other end of the second cable passes through the second inlet.
  • the nozzle bypasses the second guide wheel and connects with the float.
  • a suspension float is connected to the frame through a third cable, and a sensor is arranged in the suspension float, and the sensor is connected to the controller.
  • the diameter of the float is smaller than the wave width of the ocean wave.
  • the water collection tank is provided with a battery, and the water inlet valve, the first exhaust valve, and the second exhaust valve are all connected to the battery.
  • the mounting frame is provided with a paddle, a rudder and a GPS.
  • the inner wall of the frame is provided with a guide rail
  • the outer wall of the float is provided with a sliding pair matching the guide rail, and the sliding pair is connected with the guide rail.
  • the upper end of the water collecting tank is provided with an air port, which is connected to the air pump through an air pipe, and the lower end of the water collecting tank is provided with an over-limit drain valve port.
  • a plurality of water collection units are distributed in a matrix in the mounting rack.
  • a safety sinking mechanism is provided in the water collecting tank.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the combined cage-type ocean wave power generating device with a safety structure is additionally provided with a safety structure composed of a receiving cavity, a high-pressure air chamber, a water inlet valve, a first exhaust valve, and a second exhaust valve.
  • a safety structure composed of a receiving cavity, a high-pressure air chamber, a water inlet valve, a first exhaust valve, and a second exhaust valve.
  • the combined cage-type ocean wave power generation device with a safety structure is additionally provided with a safety structure composed of a receiving cavity, a high-pressure air chamber, a water inlet valve, a first exhaust valve, and a second exhaust valve, which ensure that the power generation device utilizes properly
  • the waves ensure that the power generation device has a high power generation efficiency.
  • the float and the piston in the combined cage-type ocean wave power generating device with a safety structure are linked by a cable (that is, the first cable and the second cable), which ensures the reliable movement of the piston and further improves the water collection efficiency.
  • the diameter of the float in the combined cage-type ocean wave power generating device with a safety structure is smaller than the width of the wave.
  • the amplitude of the float is increased to increase the energy absorption efficiency of a single float; on the other hand, a large number of floats are assembled
  • the large and wide waves are divided into small pieces, and the frame of the assembled device is simultaneously subjected to the forces of multiple floats in different directions to achieve a good dynamic balance, reducing the impact of a single float on the frame, thereby further improving the reliability of work, and Improved power generation efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a combined cage-frame type ocean wave power generating device with a safety structure according to the present invention. Among them, the water collecting tank and the connecting pipe are clearly omitted for the display.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a water collecting unit according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a float of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a float according to the present invention.
  • 1 is a water collecting unit
  • 2 is a water collecting pipe
  • 3 is a water collecting tank
  • 4 is a hydro-generator
  • 5 is a controller
  • 6 is a mounting rack
  • 7 is an air pump
  • 8 is a frame
  • 9 is a float
  • 10 is a piston.
  • 11 is a pressure water pipe
  • 12 is a receiving chamber
  • 13 is a high-pressure air chamber
  • 14 is a connecting pipe
  • 15 is a water inlet valve
  • 16 is a first exhaust valve
  • 17 is a second exhaust valve
  • 18 is a first communication pipe.
  • 19 is the second communication pipe
  • 20 is the first check valve
  • 21 is the second check valve
  • 22 is the first guide rod
  • 23 is the second guide rod
  • 24 is the third check valve
  • 25 is the fourth check valve
  • 26 is the first cable
  • 27 is the second cable
  • 28 is the first guide wheel
  • 29 is the second guide wheel
  • 30 is the floating float
  • 31 is the battery
  • 32 is the paddle
  • 33 is the rudder
  • 34 is the guide rail.
  • 35 is the air port
  • 36 is the over-relief valve port.
  • the combined cage-type ocean wave power generation device with a safety structure as shown in Figs. 1 to 4 includes a plurality of water collection units, a collection pipe, a water collection tank, a hydro-generator, and a controller.
  • the plurality of water collection units pass the combination cage.
  • the installation rack is floating on the sea.
  • the water collecting unit is connected to the water collecting tank through a water collecting pipe.
  • the water turbine generator is installed in the water collecting tank.
  • the water collecting tank is provided with an air pump.
  • the water collecting unit includes a frame, A float, a piston and a pressure water pipe, the float is arranged in a frame, and the float floats in the sea.
  • the float is provided with a receiving cavity, and the receiving cavity is provided with a high-pressure air chamber.
  • the high-pressure air chamber is connected to an air pump through a connecting pipe. Connection; the float is provided with a water inlet valve and a first exhaust valve for connecting with the accommodation chamber, the high-pressure gas is provided with a second exhaust valve, and the high-pressure air chamber communicates with the accommodation chamber through a second exhaust valve
  • the air pump, the water inlet valve, the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve are all connected to the controller; the pressure water pipe is installed in the frame, and the upper end of the pressure water pipe is connected to the water collecting pipe through a first communication pipe; , The lower end of the pressure water pipe passes through the first
  • the communication pipe is connected to the water collecting pipe; the piston is installed in the pressure water pipe, and the piston is located between the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe; the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe are respectively provided with a first unit Check valve and second check valve; the first communication pipe between the first check valve and the pressure water pipe is provided with a first water inlet, and the first water inlet is provided with a third check valve
  • a second guide rod, and an upper end surface and a lower end surface of the pressure water pipe are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, and an upper end of the first guide rod passes through the first through hole, and the second guide rod
  • the lower end of the rod passes through the second through hole; the upper end of the first guide rod is connected to the float by a first cable, and the lower end of the second guide rod is connected to the float by a second cable.
  • the float in each water collecting unit floats on the sea, and the lower half of the float is immersed in the sea, and the upper half is on the sea surface; these floats fluctuate up and down with the waves, and the float floats up and down During the wave process, the float moves the piston up and down together through the first cable and the second cable.
  • the area of the piston is much smaller than the area of the float, so that a surface of the piston inside the pressure pipe is much higher than the water outside the pressure pipe.
  • the first and fourth check valves are closed, and the second and third check valves are open.
  • the piston gradually descends, the piston
  • the seawater between the lower end surface of the pressure water pipe will be pressed into the second communication pipe, and then the seawater in the second communication pipe will flow into the water collection tank through the water collection pipe; meanwhile, the seawater in the ocean will enter the pressure water pipe from the third check valve
  • the second communication pipe between the first one-way valve and the pressure water pipe is used for collecting seawater.
  • the piston presses the collected seawater through the first communication pipe or the second communication pipe into the water collection pipe and then flows into the water collection tank.
  • the seawater collected by each water collecting unit is simultaneously pressed into the water collecting tank, and the air pump provides a stable and adjustable air pressure for the water collecting tank, so that the seawater in the water collecting tank has a pressure difference relatively higher than that of the seawater outside the water collecting tank, so that The seawater in the collection tank drives the hydro-generator to generate electricity.
  • the depth and pressure of the water in the collection tank are mainly controlled automatically by the water flow of the hydro-generator.
  • the invention has a simple structure, and the entire combined cage-type ocean wave power generating device can be directly floated on the sea.
  • the combined frame structure can be adopted to have strong wind and wave resistance, and the number of water collecting units can be simply increased to increase the total power generation. , Apply a variety of marine environments, and facilitate installation and maintenance.
  • the water inlet valve When the sensor in the float detects that the waves are decreasing, the water inlet valve is closed, and the first exhaust valve and the first exhaust valve are opened, and the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is discharged to squeeze out the seawater in the accommodation chamber. After the cavity, the water inlet valve, the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve are all closed. At this time, the buoyancy of the entire power generating device is greater than its own gravity, and then the entire power generating device rises to the sea again to resume the work of collecting electricity for power generation. At the same time, it uses its own electric energy and air compressor to re-store high-pressure air to the high-pressure air chamber in the float, so that the device repeats the above actions when necessary. Based on the original, a safety structure composed of a receiving cavity, a high-pressure air chamber, and a water inlet valve was added to prevent the power generating device from being damaged by the waves, thereby improving the safety and working reliability of the entire power generating device.
  • the upper end of the frame is provided with a first guide wheel, one end of the first cable is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first guide rod, and the other end of the first cable passes through the first water inlet and then bypasses the first guide wheel.
  • the rear end is connected with the float; the lower end of the frame is provided with a second guide wheel; one end of the second cable is fixedly connected with the lower end of the second guide rod; the other end of the second cable passes through the second water inlet and is wound again Connected to the float after passing the second guide wheel.
  • the arrangement of the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel can change the transmission direction of the force to ensure the reliability of the linkage between the piston and the float, thereby ensuring the water collection efficiency.
  • a suspension float is connected to the frame through a third cable, and a sensor is arranged in the suspension float, and the sensor is connected to the controller.
  • the diameter of the float is smaller than the width of the waves. That is, the diameter of the float is determined according to the wave width of the waves in the sea to which the power generating device is applied. The diameter of the float is smaller than the wave width of the waves.
  • the amplitude of the float is increased to increase the energy absorption efficiency of a single float; on the other hand, the large and wide waves are divided into small pieces to reduce the impact of the single float on the frame.
  • the water collection tank is provided with a battery, and the water inlet valve, the first exhaust valve, and the second exhaust valve are all connected to the battery. This structure is simple and easy to install, further ensuring the reliability of work.
  • the mounting frame is provided with a paddle, a rudder and a GPS. This setting gives the generator a certain cruise capability
  • the upper end of the water collecting tank is provided with an air port, and the air port is connected with an air pump through an air pipe.
  • the inner wall of the frame is provided with a guide rail
  • the outer wall of the float is provided with a sliding pair matching the guide rail, and the sliding pair is connected with the guide rail.
  • the upper end of the water collecting tank is provided with an air port, and the air port is connected to the air pump through an air pipe.
  • the lower end of the water collecting tank is provided with an over-limit drain valve port.
  • a plurality of water collection units are distributed in a matrix in the placement rack. This structure is compactly arranged, easy to install, and can guarantee the stability of the overall structure.
  • a safety sinking mechanism is provided in the water collecting tank.
  • the specific structure of this safety sinking mechanism is the same as the sinking structure formed by the high-pressure air chamber in the float and each exhaust valve (ie, the first exhaust valve, the second exhaust valve, etc.). That is, the safety sinking mechanism in the water collecting tank also includes a high-pressure air chamber, where the high-pressure air chamber is connected to an air pump, and an exhaust valve is provided in the high-pressure air chamber.
  • the safety sinking mechanism built in the water collecting tank is the same as the internal structure of the float. By adjusting the amount of water in the water collecting tank to control the floating and sinking of the entire power generating device, the entire power generating device is protected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

一种具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其主要由多个集水单元（1）、集水管（2）、集水箱（3）、水轮发电机（4）和控制器（5）等构成，其中集水单元（1）主要由框架（8）、浮子（9）、活塞（10）和压水管（11）等构成。而在浮子（9）内设置由容纳腔（12）、高压气室（13）、入水阀（15）、第一排气阀（16）和第二排气阀（17）构成的安全结构，则整个发电装置可根据海浪的大小而选择是否下沉到海里，从而避免被海浪拍坏的风险，提高了整个发电装置的安全性及工作可靠性，同时也保证了发电装置的发电效率。

Description

具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置 技术领域
本发明涉及发电技术设备，具体涉及一种具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置。
背景技术
电能是目前使用中的主要能源之一。而目前我国主要采用水力发电、火力发电和风力发电。而为了解决能源紧缺问题，科技人员研制了采用海浪发电的技术。而目前的海浪发电装置海浪发电装置结构复杂、体积大、笨重、效率低，实用性差。为此本申请在此之前申请了一种组合笼架式海浪发电装置(专利号为：2017210973073)，从而解决了上述问题。但此专利申请还存在其他缺陷，如当海浪较大时，整个装置被海浪拍烂风险，从而影响工作的可靠性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服以上现有技术存在的不足，提供了一种结构简单、合理，发电效率高且工作可靠的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置。
本发明的目的通过以下的技术方案实现：本具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，包括多个集水单元、集水管、集水箱、水轮发电机和控制器，多个集水单元通过组合笼式的安置架浮于海上，所述集水单元通过集水管与集水箱连接，所述水轮发电机安装于集水箱内，所述集水箱上设有气泵；所述集水单元包括框架、浮子、活塞和压水管，所述浮子设置于框架内，且浮子漂浮在海中，所述浮子内设有容纳腔，此容纳腔内设有高压气室，所述高 压气室通过连接管与气泵连接；所述浮子设有用于与容纳腔连接的入水阀和第一排气阀，所述高压气室设有第二排气阀，且所述高压气室通过第二排气阀与容纳腔连通；所述气泵、入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀均与控制器连接；所述压水管安装于框架内，且所述压水管的上端通过第一连通管与集水管连接，所述压水管的下端通过第二连通管与集水管连接；所述活塞安装于压水管内，且所述活塞位于第一连通管和第二连通管之间；所述第一连通管和第二连通管分别设有第一单向阀和第二单向阀；所述第一单向阀和压水管之间这一段第一连通管设有第一进水口，此第一进水口设有第三单向阀，所述第二单向阀和压水管之间的这一段第二连通管设有第二进水口，此第二进水口设有第三单向阀；所述活塞的上面和下面分别设有第一导杆和第二导杆，而所述压水管的上端端面和下端端面分别设有第一通孔和第二通孔，所述第一导杆的上端穿过第一通孔，所述第二导杆的下端穿过第二通孔；所述第一导杆的上端通过第一缆绳与浮子连接，所述第二导杆的下端通过第二缆绳与浮子连接。
优选的，所述框架的上端设有第一导轮，所述第一缆绳的一端与第一导杆的上端固定连接，所述第一缆绳的另一端穿过第一进水口再绕过第一导轮后与浮子连接；所述框架的下端设有第二导轮，所述第二缆绳的一端与第二导杆的下端固定连接，所述第二缆绳的另一端穿过第二进水口再绕过第二导轮后与浮子连接。
优选的，所述框架通过第三缆绳连接有吊浮，此吊浮内设有传感器，此传感器与控制器连接。
优选的，所述浮子的直径小于海浪的浪宽。
优选的，所述集水箱设有蓄电池，所述入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀均与蓄电池连接。
优选的，所述安置架设有桨、舵和GPS。
优选的，所述框架的内壁设有导轨，所述浮子的外壁设有与导轨匹配的 滑动副，所述滑动副与导轨连接。
优选的，所述集水箱的上端设有气口，此气口通过气管与气泵连接，所述集水箱的下端设有超限泄阀口。
优选的，多个集水单元于安置架中矩阵分布。
优选的，所述集水箱内设有安全下沉机构。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点：
1、本具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置在原有的基础上增设由容纳腔、高压气室、入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀等构成的安全结构，则当海浪较大时，整个装置可以自行下沉到海里，从而避免被海浪拍坏，提高安全性和工作可靠性。
2、本具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置增设由容纳腔、高压气室、入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀等构成的安全结构，这保证了发电装置利用适当的海浪，保证了发电装置具有较高的发电效率。
3、本具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置中的浮子和活塞之间通过缆绳(即第一缆绳和第二缆绳)联动，保证了活塞运动的可靠，进一步提高集水效率。
4、本具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置中的浮子的直径小于海浪的浪宽，一方面提高了浮子的振幅，以增加单个浮子吸能效率；另一方面集合了众多的浮子将大而宽的海浪分割成小片，并且集合后装置的框架同时受到多个浮子不同方向的力从而达到一种良好动态的平衡，减少单个浮子对框架的冲击，从而进一步提高了工作的可靠，也提高了发电效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置的俯视图。其中为显示清楚省略集水箱及连接管。
图2是本发明的集水单元的剖视图。
图3是本发明的浮子的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的浮子的剖视图。
其中，1为集水单元，2为集水管，3为集水箱，4为水轮发电机，5为控制器，6为安置架，7为气泵，8为框架、9为浮子，10为活塞，11为压水管，12为容纳腔，13为高压气室，14为连接管，15为入水阀，16为第一排气阀，17为第二排气阀，18为第一连通管，19为第二连通管，20为第一单向阀，21为第二单向阀，22为第一导杆，23为第二导杆，24为第三单向阀，25为第四单向阀，26为第一缆绳，27为第二缆绳，28为第一导轮，29为第二导轮，30为吊浮，31为蓄电池，32为桨，33为舵，34为导轨，35为气口，36为超限泄阀口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1至图4所示的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，包括多个集水单元、集水管、集水箱、水轮发电机和控制器，多个集水单元通过组合笼式的安置架浮于海上，所述集水单元通过集水管与集水箱连接，所述水轮发电机安装于集水箱内，所述集水箱上设有气泵；所述集水单元包括框架、浮子、活塞和压水管，所述浮子设置于框架内，且浮子漂浮在海中，所述浮子内设有容纳腔，此容纳腔内设有高压气室，所述高压气室通过连接管与气泵连接；所述浮子设有用于与容纳腔连接的入水阀和第一排气阀，所述高压气设有第二排气阀，且所述高压气室通过第二排气阀与容纳腔连通；所述气泵、入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀均与控制器连接；所述压水管安装于框架内，且所述压水管的上端通过第一连通管与集水管连接，所述压水管的下端通过第二连通管与集水管连接；所述活塞安装于压水管内，且所述活塞位于第一连通管和第二连通管之间；所述第一连通管和第二连通管分别设有第一单向阀和第二单向阀；所述第一单向阀和压水管之间这一段第一连通管设有第一进水口，此第一进水口设有第三单向阀，所述第二单向阀和压水管之间的这一段第二连通管设有第二进水口，此第二进水口设有第三单向阀； 所述活塞的上面和下面分别设有第一导杆和第二导杆，而所述压水管的上端端面和下端端面分别设有第一通孔和第二通孔，所述第一导杆的上端穿过第一通孔，所述第二导杆的下端穿过第二通孔；所述第一导杆的上端通过第一缆绳与浮子连接，所述第二导杆的下端通过第二缆绳与浮子连接。
具体的，在实际工作过程中，每个集水单元中的浮子漂浮在海上，且浮子的下半部浸入海里，而上半部位于海面上；这些浮子随海浪而上下波动，在浮子在上下波动的过程中，通过第一缆绳和第二缆绳，浮子带动活塞一起上下运动；而活塞的面积远小于浮子的面积，从而在压水管内的活塞面上形成一个远高于压水管外的水压；
当活塞随流浪向上运动时，第一单向阀和第四单向阀均处于打开状态，第二单向阀和第三单向阀处于关闭状态，则随着活塞的逐渐上升，活塞与压水管上端端面之间的海水会被压入第一连通管，流入第一连通管的海水再通过集水管流入集水箱；同时，海洋中的海水从第四单向阀进入压水管及第二单向阀与压水管之间的第二连通管，以起到海水收集的作用；
而当活塞随海浪向下运动时，第一单向阀和第四单向阀均处于关闭状态，第二单向阀和第三单向阀处于打开状态，则随着活塞的逐渐下降，活塞与压水管下端端面之间的海水会被压入第二连通管，然后位于第二连通管内的海水再通过集水管流入集水箱；同时，海洋中的海水从第三单向阀进入压水管及第一单向阀和压水管之间的第二连通管，以起到海水收集的作用。
由上所述可知，每个集水单元中的浮子随着海浪上下波动时，活塞将收集好的海水通过第一连通管或第二连通管压入集水管后再流进集水箱，这多个集水单元收集的海水同时压入集水箱，而空气泵为集水箱提供一个稳定可调的气压，让在集水箱内的海水具有相对高于集水箱外的海水的压力差，从而能使集水箱内的海水驱动水轮发电机发电。集水箱内的水的深度和压力主要由水轮发电机的出水流量进行自动控制。
这充分提高海浪产生动能的利用率，保证了发电效率。同时，本发明的 结构简单，直接将整个组合笼架式海浪发电装置漂浮在海上即可，可采用组合框架式结构抗风浪能力强，且能简单增加集水单元的数量就增大发电总量，应用多种海洋环境，且方便安装维护。
在上述进行集水的发电的工作过程中，当海面出现较大海浪时，这些海浪容易将拍打坏发电装置。则入水阀和第一排气阀处于打开状态，而第二排气阀处于关闭状态，则海水灌入容纳腔内，直至海水灌满容纳腔为止。因容纳腔灌满海水，整个发电装置的浮力小于自身的重力，故整个发电装置下潜到海里，从而躲避海浪的拍打，避免发电装置被海浪拍坏。当吊浮中的传感器检测到海浪减小时，则关闭入水阀，而第一排气阀和第一排气阀打开，则高压气室内的气体排出，以将容纳腔内的海水全部挤出容纳腔后，入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀全部关闭。此时整个发电装置的浮力大于自身的重力，则整个发电装置又回升到海面上以重新进行集水发电的工作。同时，利用自身的电能和空气压缩机给浮子内的高压气室重新储备高压空气，使装置在有需要时，重复执行上述的动作。这在原基础上，增设了容纳腔、高压气室和入水阀等构成的安全结构，避免发电装置会被海浪拍坏，提高了整个发电装置的安全性及工作可靠性。
所述框架的上端设有第一导轮，所述第一缆绳的一端与第一导杆的上端固定连接，所述第一缆绳的另一端穿过第一进水口再绕过第一导轮后与浮子连接；所述框架的下端设有第二导轮，所述第二缆绳的一端与第二导杆的下端固定连接，所述第二缆绳的另一端穿过第二进水口再绕过第二导轮后与浮子连接。第一导轮和第二导轮的设置，从而可改变力的传导方向，以保证活塞与浮子之间联动的可靠性，从而保证集水效率。
所述框架通过第三缆绳连接有吊浮，此吊浮内设有传感器，此传感器与控制器连接。当发电装置下潜海里时，吊浮浮在海面，且吊浮内的传感器实时监测海浪的大小，以将海浪的信息传输给控制，控制根据这些信息以控制入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀的开闭，从而及时控制发电装置的下沉或 上升。
所述浮子的直径小于海浪的浪宽。即浮子的直径根据发电装置要应用的海域中的海浪的浪宽而决定。浮子的直径小于海浪的浪宽，则一方面提高了浮子的振幅，以增加单个浮子吸能效率；另一方面将大而宽的海浪分割成小片，减少单个浮子对框架的冲击。
所述集水箱设有蓄电池，所述入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀均与蓄电池连接。此结构简单，安装方便，进一步保证了工作的可靠性。
所述安置架设有桨、舵和GPS。此设置令发电装置具有一定的巡航能力
所述集水箱的上端设有气口，此气口通过气管与气泵连接。此结构简单，安装方便，保证集水箱内具有适当的气压，以提高集水效率。
所述框架的内壁设有导轨，所述浮子的外壁设有与导轨匹配的滑动副，所述滑动副与导轨连接。这可保证浮子上下移动的稳定性及顺畅性，从而保证集水效率。
所述集水箱的上端设有气口，此气口通过气管与气泵连接，所述集水箱的下端设有超限泄阀口。此结构简单，安装方便，保证集水箱内具有适当的气压，以提高集水效率。
多个集水单元于安置架中矩阵分布。此结构排列紧凑，方便安装，且可保证整体结构的稳定性。
所述集水箱内设有安全下沉机构。此安全下沉机构的具体结构与浮子内的高压气室和各个排气阀(即第一排气阀和第二排气阀等)形成的下沉结构一样。即集水箱内的安全下沉机构同样包括高压气室，在此高压气室与气泵连接，并在高压气室设置排气阀。则集水箱内设的安全下沉机构与浮子的内部结构相同，通过调节集水箱内的水量以控制整个发电装置的浮沉，从而对整个发电装置起到保护的作用。
上述具体实施方式为本发明的优选实施例，并不能对本发明进行限定，其他的任何未背离本发明的技术方案而所做的改变或其它等效的置换方式， 都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：包括多个集水单元、集水管、集水箱、水轮发电机和控制器，多个集水单元通过组合笼式的安置架浮于海上，所述集水单元通过集水管与集水箱连接，所述水轮发电机安装于集水箱内，所述集水箱上设有气泵；所述集水单元包括框架、浮子、活塞和压水管，所述浮子设置于框架内，且浮子漂浮在海中，所述浮子内设有容纳腔，此容纳腔内设有高压气室，所述高压气室通过连接管与气泵连接；所述浮子设有用于与容纳腔连接的入水阀和第一排气阀，所述高压气室设有第二排气阀，且所述高压气室通过第二排气阀与容纳腔连通；所述气泵、入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀均与控制器连接；所述压水管安装于框架内，且所述压水管的上端通过第一连通管与集水管连接，所述压水管的下端通过第二连通管与集水管连接；所述活塞安装于压水管内，且所述活塞位于第一连通管和第二连通管之间；所述第一连通管和第二连通管分别设有第一单向阀和第二单向阀；所述第一单向阀和压水管之间这一段第一连通管设有第一进水口，此第一进水口设有第三单向阀，所述第二单向阀和压水管之间的这一段第二连通管设有第二进水口，此第二进水口设有第三单向阀；所述活塞的上面和下面分别设有第一导杆和第二导杆，而所述压水管的上端端面和下端端面分别设有第一通孔和第二通孔，所述第一导杆的上端穿过第一通孔，所述第二导杆的下端穿过第二通孔；所述第一导杆的上端通过第一缆绳与浮子连接，所述第二导杆的下端通过第二缆绳与浮子连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述框架的上端设有第一导轮，所述第一缆绳的一端与第一导杆的上端固定连接，所述第一缆绳的另一端穿过第一进水口再绕过第一导轮后与浮子连接；所述框架的下端设有第二导轮，所述第二缆绳的一端与第二导杆的下端固定连接，所述第二缆绳的另一端穿过第二进水口再绕过第二导轮 后与浮子连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述框架通过第三缆绳连接有吊浮，此吊浮内设有传感器，此传感器与控制器连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述浮子的直径小于海浪的浪宽。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述集水箱设有蓄电池，所述入水阀、第一排气阀和第二排气阀均与蓄电池连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述安置架设有桨、舵和GPS。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述框架的内壁设有导轨，所述浮子的外壁设有与导轨匹配的滑动副，所述滑动副与导轨连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述集水箱的上端设有气口，此气口通过气管与气泵连接，所述集水箱的下端设有超限泄阀口。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：多个集水单元于安置架中矩阵分布。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置，其特征在于：所述集水箱内设有安全下沉机构。
PCT/CN2018/103767 2018-07-13 2018-09-03 具有安全结构的组合笼架式海浪发电装置 WO2020010680A1 (zh)

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