WO2020007198A1 - 一种车联网中基于d2d通信的紧急消息传输方法 - Google Patents

一种车联网中基于d2d通信的紧急消息传输方法 Download PDF

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WO2020007198A1
WO2020007198A1 PCT/CN2019/092051 CN2019092051W WO2020007198A1 WO 2020007198 A1 WO2020007198 A1 WO 2020007198A1 CN 2019092051 W CN2019092051 W CN 2019092051W WO 2020007198 A1 WO2020007198 A1 WO 2020007198A1
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vehicle
vehicles
communication
priority index
message transmission
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张登银
张敏
丁飞
张念启
袁鲁峰
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/46—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle networking information transmission, and particularly relates to an emergency message transmission method based on D2D communication in vehicle networking.
  • D2D Device-to-Device
  • 5G 5G technology
  • the present invention proposes an emergency message transmission method based on D2D communication in a vehicle network, which realizes the timely transmission of safety warning information, performs safety warning, and solves the technical problem that safety information cannot be transmitted in time.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solution, an emergency message transmission method based on D2D communication in a vehicle network, establishing different priority indexes for a set of vehicles within and outside the safety range of a vehicle, and according to the priority index from small to large In order, D2D connection pairs are established with them in order to send messages; if the same priority index appears, vehicles in the same lane are preferentially selected.
  • the specific steps are as follows:
  • Vehicle i periodically collects information of surrounding vehicles j during driving, including vehicle j position (x j , y j ), vehicle j speed v j , and lane j of vehicle j R 1 or R 2 , where x j represents along the The coordinates along the driving direction are the positive x-axis directions along the driving direction, y j represents the coordinates along the vertical driving direction, R 1 represents lane one, and R 2 represents lane two;
  • the vehicle k in the set is outside the safety distance D s of the vehicle i, and the communication range.
  • a priority index ⁇ ′ ik is established for the vehicles in the set S 2 , and the vehicle i establishes a D2D connection pair with the vehicle k according to the priority index ⁇ ′ ik in order from small to large for message transmission.
  • the distance D ij between the vehicle i and the rear vehicle j in step 2) is specifically: Where (x i , y i ) is the position of vehicle i, x j ⁇ x i , and vehicle j is restricted to be the vehicle in the direction that vehicle i follows.
  • the distance D ik between the vehicle i and the vehicle k in the step 4) is specifically
  • the priority index in step 4) is specifically
  • step 4) is:
  • the vehicle k corresponding to the minimum priority index is selected, and the vehicle i has priority to establish a D2D connection pair with the vehicle k corresponding to the minimum priority index for message transmission;
  • the vehicle corresponding to the next-smallest priority index is selected, and the vehicle i and the vehicle corresponding to the second-smallest priority index establish a D2D connection pair for message transmission;
  • step 42 the vehicle i establishes a D2D connection pair with the vehicles within the safety distance in order from the priority index in ascending order to perform message transmission.
  • the prediction processing time interval T is set to 100 ms, and the prediction distance record D ′ ik is
  • the priority index in step 7) is specifically
  • a vehicle in the same lane is preferentially selected to establish a D2D connection pair for message transmission.
  • the invention is an emergency message transmission method based on D2D communication in a vehicle network, which realizes the timely transmission of safety warning information, performs safety warning, and solves the technical problem that safety information cannot be transmitted in time.
  • the invention transmits messages based on D2D communication and replaces the traditional DSRC short-range communication technology in the Internet of Vehicles.
  • the D2D communication method does not pass through the base station and the core network.
  • the operator optimizes the network load and has higher reliability in the emergency message transmission scenario. ; Cars were divided into different clusters, and emergency messages were first transmitted to vehicles within a safe distance of the vehicles. These vehicles could receive safety early warning messages in time to avoid unnecessary accidents due to untimely message transmission, and improved vehicle networking.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an emergency message transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an emergency message transmission method according to the present invention.
  • An emergency message transmission method based on D2D communication in a car network.
  • vehicle i When vehicle i has an emergency message to transmit, it applies for an orthogonal spectrum resource from a base station to perform a D2D connection to transmit a message.
  • the method specifically includes the following steps:
  • Vehicle i collects information of surrounding vehicles j periodically, including vehicle position (x j , y j ), vehicle speed v j , and lane R 1 or R 2 of the vehicle, where x j indicates along the driving direction
  • the coordinate along the driving direction is the positive x-axis direction
  • y j represents the coordinate along the vertical driving direction
  • R 1 represents lane one
  • R 2 represents lane two;
  • the safety distance between vehicles is D s
  • the distance between vehicle i and vehicle k obtained in step 3 is D ik , defined If D ik ⁇ D s , it means that the vehicle k is within the safety distance of the vehicle i, and the priority index ⁇ ik is defined, That is, the vehicle k with the priority index ⁇ ik needs to satisfy D ik ⁇ D s , and the message transmission is performed according to the priority index in ascending order.
  • the specific order is as follows:
  • the vehicle k corresponding to the minimum priority index is selected, and the vehicle i has priority to establish a D2D connection pair with the vehicle k corresponding to the minimum priority index for message transmission;
  • the vehicle corresponding to the next-smallest priority index is selected, and the vehicle i and the vehicle corresponding to the second-smallest priority index establish a D2D connection pair for message transmission;
  • step 42 the vehicle i establishes a D2D connection pair with the vehicles within the safety distance in order from the priority index in ascending order to perform message transmission.
  • vehicles in the same lane are preferentially selected.
  • step 5) Delete the vehicles that have already transmitted messages in step 4) from the set S obtained in step 3), and create a new set S 2.
  • the vehicle k in the set is outside the safety distance D s of the vehicle i, and the communication range R Within and following direction of the vehicle i;
  • vehicles in the same lane are preferentially selected.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，首先对某车辆安全范围以内车辆集建立优先级指数，按照优先级指数由小到大的顺序依次与其建立D2D连接对传输消息，然后对安全范围以外的车辆集进行距离预测，根据预测距离建立优先级指数，按照优先级指数由小到大的顺序依次与其建立D2D连接对传输消息；如果出现相同的优先级指数，优先选择相同车道的车辆，本发明基于D2D通信实现安全预警信息的及时传输，进行安全预警，解决安全信息无法及时传播的技术问题，改善了交通消息传输性能，具有高可靠性和实时性。

Description

一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法 技术领域
本发明属于车联网信息传输技术领域，具体涉及一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法。
背景技术
传统车联网采用短程通信技术(Dedicated Short Range Communications，DSRC)来实现车与车、车与路边基础设施的通信，但是由于DSRC传输范围有限且缺乏配套的基础设施，无法保障相互间通信的有效性以及可靠性。当交通事故发生时，交通状态会在短时间、短距离范围内重复广播，车辆之间不断交互的信息可能会超过基站负载，造成网络拥塞，使得安全信息得不到及时的传播。D2D(Device‐to‐Device)是5G技术的关键技术之一，D2D通信可在蜂窝系统的控制下，允许终端用户共享小区资源，在一定范围内进行直接通信，该通信方式的数据流量不经过基站和核心网，进而减少了通信时延，减轻了基站压力。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提出一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，实现安全预警信息的及时传输，进行安全预警，解决安全信息无法及时传播的技术问题。
本发明采用如下技术方案，一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，对某车辆安全范围以内和安全范围以外的车辆集分别建立不同的优先级指数，按照优先级指数由小到大的顺序依次与其建立D2D连接对，传送消息；如果出现相同的优先级指数，优先选择相同车道的车辆，具体步骤如下：
1)车辆i在行驶过程中周期性收集周围车辆j的信息，包括车辆j位置(x j,y j)、车辆j速度v j、车辆j的车道R 1或者R 2，其中x j表示沿着行驶方向的坐标，沿着行驶方向为x轴正方向，y j表示沿着垂直行驶方向的坐标，R 1表示车道一，R 2表示车道二；
2)计算车辆i与后方车辆j的距离D ij，后方车辆j即满足x j<x i，x i表示车 辆i沿着行驶方向的坐标；
3)将车辆i与后方车辆j的距离D ij与车辆i的通信范围R进行比较，若D ij<R，则车辆j是车辆i的消息传送对象，记为车辆k，满足条件的车辆总数为T N_k，k＝1,2,3...,T N_k，建立集合S，车辆k位于集合S中；
4)将车辆i与步骤3)中得到的车辆k的距离D ik与车辆之间的安全距离为D s进行比较，若D ik<D s，即车辆k在车辆i的安全距离以内，定义优先级指数λ ik，D ik值越小则优先级指数越小，按照优先级指数由小到大的顺序进行消息传输；
5)将步骤4)中已经进行消息传输的车辆从步骤3)得到的集合S中删除，建立一个新的集合S 2，该集合中的车辆k位于车辆i的安全距离D s以外，通信范围R以内，且位于该车辆i的跟车方向，即x k<x i，x k表示车辆k沿着行驶方向的坐标；
6)设定预测处理时间间隔，根据车辆速度对集合S 2中车辆k与车辆i的距离D′ ik进行预测；
7)对集合S 2中车辆建立优先级指数λ′ ik，车辆i按照优先级指数λ′ ik由小到大的顺序依次与车辆k建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输。
优选地，所述步骤2)中计算计算车辆i与后方车辆j的距离D ij具体为：
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000001
其中(x i,y i)为车辆i位置，x j<x i，限制车辆j为车辆i跟车方向的车辆。
优选地，所述步骤4)中车辆i与车辆k的距离D ik具体为
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000002
其中(x i,y i)为车辆i位置，(x k,y k)为车辆k位置。
优选地，所述步骤4)中优先级指数具体为
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000003
优选地，所述步骤4)具体顺序为：
41)选出最小优先级指数所对应的车辆k，车辆i优先与最小优先级指数所对应的车辆k建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输；
42)消息传输完毕后选择次小的优先级指数所对应的车辆，车辆i与次小的优先级指数所对应的车辆建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输；
43)重复步骤42)，车辆i按照优先级指数由小到大的顺序依次与安全距离以内的车辆建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输。
优选地，所述步骤6)中设定预测处理时间间隔T为100ms，预测距离记D′ ik为
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000004
其中(x i,y i)为车辆i位置，(x k,y k)为车辆k位置，v i为车辆i速度，v k车辆k速度。
优选地，所述步骤7)中优先级指数具体为
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000005
优选地，所述步骤4)或步骤7)中如果出现相同的优先级指数，优先选择同车道的车辆建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输。
发明所达到的有益效果：本发明是一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，实现安全预警信息的及时传输，进行安全预警，解决安全信息无法及时传播的技术问题。本发明基于D2D通信进行消息传输，代替车联网中传统的DSRC短程通信技术，D2D通信方式的数据流量不经过基站和核心网，优化运营商了网络负载，在紧急消息传输场景中可靠性更高；对车辆进行了不同的群集划分，将紧急消息先传送给车辆安全距离以内的车辆，这些车辆可以及时接收到安全预警消息，避免因为消息传送不及时而产生不必要的事故，提高了车联网系统的安全性能；针对不同的车辆群集提出不同的优先级指数，对车辆i跟车方向安全距离以外且传输范围以内的车辆进行距离预测，通过预测距离求解相应的优先指数，按照优先指数由小到大的顺序依次建立D2D连接对，利用车辆速度进行车辆之间的距离预测使得优先级指数更具有实时性和有效性，提高了紧急消息的传输效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中紧急消息传输方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面根据附图并结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步阐述。
图1是本发明的紧急消息传输方法的流程图。一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，当车辆i有紧急消息需要传送时向基站申请正交的频谱资源，进行D2D连接传输消息，具体包括以下步骤：
1)车辆i在行驶过程中周期性收集周围车辆j的信息，包括车辆位置(x j,y j)，车辆速度v j，车辆的车道R 1或者R 2，其中x j表示沿着行驶方向的坐标，沿着行驶方向为x轴正方向，y j表示沿着垂直行驶方向的坐标，R 1表示车道一，R 2表示车道二；
2)计算车辆i与周围车辆j的距离D ij，定义
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000006
其中x j<x i，用于限制车辆j为车辆i跟车方向的车辆；
3)将车辆i与周围车辆j的距离D ij与车辆i的通信范围R进行比较，若D ij<R，则车辆j是车辆i的消息传送对象，记为车辆k，满足条件的车辆总数为T N_k，k＝1,2,3...,T N_k，建立集合S，车辆k位于集合S中；
4)车辆之间的安全距离为D s，车辆i与步骤3)中得到的车辆k的距离为D ik，定义
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000007
若D ik<D s，说明车辆k在车辆i的安全距离以内，定义优先级指数λ ik，
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000008
即拥有优先级指数λ ik的车辆k需要满足D ik<D s，根据优先级指数由小到大的顺序进行消息传输，具体顺序如下：
41)选出最小优先级指数所对应的车辆k，车辆i优先与最小优先级指数所对应的车辆k建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输；
42)消息传输完毕后选择次小的优先级指数所对应的车辆，车辆i与次小的优先级指数所对应的车辆建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输；
43)重复步骤42)，车辆i按照优先级指数由小到大的顺序依次与安全距离以内的车辆建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输。
作为一种较佳的实施例，如果在选择过程中出现相同的优先级指数，优先选择同车道的车辆。
5)将步骤4)中已经进行消息传输的车辆从步骤3)得到的集合S中删除， 建立一个新的集合S 2，该集合中的车辆k位于车辆i安全距离D s以外，通信范围R以内，且位于该车辆i的跟车方向；
6)对集合S 2中车辆k与车辆i的距离进行预测，设定预测处理时间间隔，如设定为100ms，记T＝100ms，预测距离记为D′ ik，
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000009
7)建立优先级指数λ′ ik，定义
Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-000010
车辆i按照优先级指数λ′ ik由小到大的顺序依次与车辆k建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输。
作为一种较佳的实施例，如果在选择过程中出现相同的优先级指数，优先选择同车道的车辆。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    1)车辆i在行驶过程中收集周围车辆j的信息，包括车辆j位置(x j,y j)、车辆j速度v j、车辆j的车道R 1或者R 2，其中x j表示车辆j沿着行驶方向的坐标，沿着行驶方向为x轴正方向，y j表示车辆j沿着垂直行驶方向的坐标，R 1表示车道一，R 2表示车道二；
    2)计算车辆i与后方车辆j的距离D ij，后方车辆j即满足x j<x i，x i表示车辆i沿着行驶方向的坐标；
    3)将车辆i与后方车辆j的距离D ij与车辆i的通信范围R进行比较，若D ij<R，则车辆j是车辆i的消息传送对象，记为车辆k，满足条件的车辆总数为T N_k，k＝1,2,3...,T N_k，建立集合S，车辆k位于集合S中；
    4)将车辆i与步骤3)中得到的车辆k的距离D ik与车辆之间的安全距离为D s进行比较，若D ik<D s，即车辆k在车辆i的安全距离以内，定义优先级指数λ ik，D ik值越小则优先级指数越小，车辆i按照优先级指数由小到大的顺序依次与车辆k建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输；
    5)将步骤4)中已经进行消息传输的车辆从步骤3)得到的集合S中删除，建立一个新的集合S 2，该集合中的车辆k位于车辆i的安全距离D s以外，通信范围R以内，且位于该车辆i的跟车方向，即x k<x i，x k表示车辆k沿着行驶方向的坐标；
    6)设定预测处理时间间隔，根据车辆速度对集合S 2中车辆k与车辆i的距离D′ ik进行预测；
    7)对集合S 2中车辆建立优先级指数λ′ ik，车辆i按照优先级指数λ′ ik由小到大的顺序依次与车辆k建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2)中计算计算车辆i与后方车辆j的距离D ij具体为：
    Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-100001
    其中(x i,y i)为车辆i位置，x j<x i，限制车辆j为车辆i跟车方向的车辆。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，其特征在于，所述步骤4)中车辆i与车辆k的距离D ik具体为
    Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-100002
    其中(x i,y i)为车辆i位置，(x k,y k)为车辆k位置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，其特征在于，所述步骤4)中优先级指数具体为
    Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-100003
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，其特征在于，所述步骤4)具体顺序为：
    41)选出最小优先级指数所对应的车辆k，车辆i优先与最小优先级指数所对应的车辆k建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输；
    42)消息传输完毕后选择次小的优先级指数所对应的车辆，车辆i与次小的优先级指数所对应的车辆建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输；
    43)重复步骤42)，车辆i按照优先级指数由小到大的顺序依次与安全距离以内的车辆建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，其特征在于，所述步骤6)中设定预测处理时间间隔T为100ms，预测距离记D′ ik为
    Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-100004
    其中(x i,y i)为车辆i位置，(x k,y k)为车辆k位置，v i为车辆i速度，v k车辆k速度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方法，其特征在于，所述步骤7)中优先级指数具体为
    Figure PCTCN2019092051-appb-100005
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种车联网中基于D2D通信的紧急消息传输方 法，其特征在于，所述步骤4)或步骤7)中如果出现相同的优先级指数，优先选择同车道的车辆建立D2D连接对，进行消息传输。
PCT/CN2019/092051 2018-07-03 2019-06-20 一种车联网中基于d2d通信的紧急消息传输方法 Ceased WO2020007198A1 (zh)

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