WO2020002050A1 - Électronique de puissance pour un véhicule automobile pouvant être entraîné électriquement - Google Patents

Électronique de puissance pour un véhicule automobile pouvant être entraîné électriquement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020002050A1
WO2020002050A1 PCT/EP2019/066046 EP2019066046W WO2020002050A1 WO 2020002050 A1 WO2020002050 A1 WO 2020002050A1 EP 2019066046 W EP2019066046 W EP 2019066046W WO 2020002050 A1 WO2020002050 A1 WO 2020002050A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
gas discharge
power electronics
gdt1
gdt4
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/066046
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Kirschner
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2020002050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020002050A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to power electronics for an in particular electrically drivable motor vehicle, with an electrical high-voltage network which has one or more capacitors and / or consumers, in particular an electrical drive machine, and is electrically connectable / connected to a high-voltage battery, and with a controllable one
  • Isolation device through which the high-voltage network from the
  • High voltage battery is separable.
  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle with a high-voltage network, which has a high-voltage battery and an electric drive machine as well as such power electronics.
  • hybrid drives In addition to the classic low-voltage network, hybrid drives also have a high-voltage network for the electric drive machine
  • DC-DC converter which serves as a replacement for an alternator operated by the internal combustion engine and / or further electrical components such as air conditioning compress and / or charger.
  • the high-voltage network is fed by a high-voltage battery, which is supplied by an external one
  • Charging station or during the ferry operation can be charged by a generator operation of the drive machine. It is part of the topology that
  • High-voltage network can be separated from the high-voltage battery by a device in order to switch off the high-voltage system promptly or to be able to switch voltage-free. This distinguishes the high-voltage network from the conventional low-voltage network, in which the consumers are permanently supplied with voltage.
  • the high-voltage network usually has an intermediate circuit with several capacitors, called intermediate circuit capacitors, in which an intermediate circuit voltage is present.
  • the DC link capacitors compensate for short-term current and / or voltage peaks or meet the requirements for the electromagnetic compatibility of the overall system.
  • the device At the end of the journey, when a user switches off the ignition of the motor vehicle, and in particular when the high-voltage battery is charged, the device is actuated to disconnect the high-voltage network from the high-voltage battery. Due to the capacities contained in the high-voltage network, the intermediate circuit voltage in the
  • Voltage can be reduced after switching off the system.
  • a PTC element electrical resistance with a positive temperature coefficient
  • This converts the electrical energy into heat and thereby reduces the electrical voltage.
  • semiconductor switches of a bridge circuit of the power electronics for discharge in that the energy present in a transistor is converted into heat by briefly switching on.
  • the power electronics according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the electrical voltage present in the high-voltage network is reduced in a particularly short time, the solution provided for this not taking up any additional installation space, being inexpensive to implement and being easy to use. According to the invention
  • the device has at least one gas discharge tube. This is characterized by a tension can be applied to it, which can be increased up to a limit value without the gas discharge tube becoming electrically conductive. Only when the limit value is exceeded by the applied electrical voltage, the
  • Gas expansion tube electrically conductive. It is the time until the
  • Gas discharge tube becomes conductive, depending on the steepness of the applied voltage. For example, a minimum current of 0.5 A must first flow. After the gas discharge tube has become conductive, currents of more than 1000 A, possibly even up to 20,000 A, can be conducted. The current flow ends when the applied voltage drops below a second limit, for example 10 to 12 V or the current below the quiescent current of 0.5 A.
  • the device has a plurality of gas discharge tubes. This ensures a safe and quick reduction of the existing electrical voltage.
  • the plurality of gas discharge tubes are particularly preferably electrically connected in series, so that they act in particular in succession and reduce the voltage.
  • the respective gas discharge tube is preferably a first electrical one
  • the resistors serve to adjust the voltage distribution across the multiple gas discharge tubes.
  • a first resistor is preferably connected in parallel to each gas discharge tube.
  • the first resistors are particularly preferably selected such that they distribute the electrical voltage acting on the gas discharge tubes evenly over the gas discharge tubes. Overloading of individual gas discharge tubes is thereby reliably prevented and the load on the
  • the device also has an actuatable switch, in particular a transistor which at least one of the gas discharge tubes, in particular all
  • Gas discharge tubes can be connected to a ground connection of the power electronics. Only when the switch is actuated to establish the connection to the ground connection, the desired discharge of the system takes place. As a result, the high-voltage network can be discharged in a targeted manner.
  • At least one of the gas discharge tubes is electrically connected to the switch by a second electrical resistor.
  • At least one of the second resistors is followed by a diode which prevents the current from flowing back into the high-voltage network or in the wrong direction through one of the gas discharge tubes.
  • a diode is connected downstream of the respective second resistor.
  • the at least one gas discharge tube is assigned an inductance. This enables an inductive dynamic increase in the electrical voltage, by which the interaction of electrical voltage and the limit value of the respective gas discharge tube can be avoided.
  • the respective gas discharge tube has a device for adjusting or influencing its limit voltage.
  • This device is, in particular, a third electrode, by means of which the first and / or second limit value of the gas discharge tube can be reduced in order to start the discharge.
  • the number of gas discharge tubes can be reduced overall.
  • the motor vehicle according to the invention with the features of claim 12 is characterized by the power electronics according to the invention. This results in the advantages already mentioned. Further advantages, preferred features and combinations of features result from the previous one
  • FIG. 1 shows a motor vehicle with a high-voltage network in a
  • Figure 2 shows an advantageous device for reducing an electrical
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the device, each in a simplified representation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified illustration of a motor vehicle 1 which has an electrical machine 2 as the drive machine.
  • the electrical machine 2 is connected to a high-voltage battery 4 by a high-voltage network 3.
  • the high-voltage network 3 optionally has further consumers 6, such as an electrical air conditioning system or the like.
  • the high-voltage network 3 is connected by a DC-DC converter 7 to a low-voltage network 8 of the motor vehicle 1, which has several consumers 9, such as an electrical locking system for doors of the motor vehicle, a lighting system or the like.
  • a plurality of capacitors - not shown here - or capacitors are contained, which ensure that after switching off the ignition of the motor vehicle 1 by the driver, electrical voltage or intermediate circuit voltage Uz im
  • High-voltage network 3 remains. While the low voltage network 8 a Has the usual voltage level of 12 V, for example
  • High voltage network 3 a voltage of up to 500 V or more.
  • the high-voltage network 3 thus differs from the low-voltage network 8 by a significantly higher energy voltage.
  • FIG. 2 shows an advantageous device 10 of the power electronics 5, which serves to reduce or reduce the electrical voltage in the high-voltage network 3 in a very short time, in particular after the ignition of the motor vehicle 1 has been switched off. It is between the
  • High-voltage network 3 and the high-voltage battery 4 also connected a disconnecting device 11, when actuated, the electrical connection between the high-voltage battery 4 and the high-voltage network 3 is interrupted, so that the energy cannot flow back into the high-voltage storage after the motor vehicle has been switched off.
  • the separating device 11 and the power electronics 5 are preferably controlled by a control device 12, as is shown by way of example in FIG. 2.
  • Figure 2 also shows a simplified representation of the device 10 for voltage reduction.
  • the device 10 has several in series
  • gas discharge tubes GDT1, GDT2, GDT3, GDT4 connected in series. There is a first electrical one for each of the gas discharge tubes
  • Resistor RI, R2, R3 or R4 connected in parallel.
  • the gas discharge tube GDT4 located last in the row and the resistor R4 located last in the row are each connected to a ground connection 13 of the motor vehicle 1 or the power electronics 5.
  • a second resistor R11 is connected, by means of which the gas discharge tube GDT1 is connected to a switch 14 which can be actuated by the control device 12.
  • the switch 14 When the switch 14 is actuated, the resistor R11 is connected to the ground connection 13.
  • a further resistor R12 is connected between the gas discharge tubes GDT2 and GDT3 and between the resistors R2 and R3, which is also connected to the switch 14 by a diode D.
  • a further resistor R13 is also connected between the gas discharge tubes GDT3 and GDT4 and the resistor R3 and R4 and is connected to the switch 14 by a diode D.
  • DC link voltage of 500 V is conceivable when four elements of the type CG2230 are connected in series. Other types can also be used. In the present case, it is assumed that the gas discharge tubes each have one
  • the first resistors RI to R4 symmetrize the electrical voltage across the individual
  • Gas discharge tube GDT2 the intermediate circuit voltage (minus the 12 V for the gas discharge tube GDT1) via the resistor R12 and also becomes electrically conductive.
  • the discharge takes place on the order of 300 ps at 1000 A discharge current, 650 pf DC link capacity and an electrical starting voltage of 500 V.
  • the switch 14 the diodes D and the resistors R11, R12, R13 are only necessary for starting the discharge, and therefore only see / experience voltage during the discharge, and also only have to carry a relatively small current of less than 1A , simple standard elements are sufficient here.
  • the electrical energy is converted in the gas discharge tubes GDT1 to GDT4. Because the final discharge voltage depends on the number of gas discharge tubes connected in series, a complete discharge can take place via the resistors R11, R12, R13, essentially also through the resistor R11. However, because the further discharge only takes place from a low voltage, the energy consumed is relatively low.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of the device 10, which differs from the previous exemplary embodiment in that instead of the second resistors R11, R12, R13 and the diodes D one
  • Inductance LI is present, through which an inductive dynamic
  • each of the gas discharge tubes GDT1 to GDT4 has a third electrode, with the aid of which the first electrode
  • Gas discharge tubes can be reduced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une électronique de puissance (5) pour un véhicule automobile pouvant être entraîné en particulier électriquement. L'électronique de puissance comprend un réseau électrique haute tension, qui comporte un ou plusieurs condensateurs et/ou des consommateurs électriques et qui peut être relié/est relié électriquement à une batterie haute tension (4). L'électronique de puissance comprend un dispositif de séparation (11) pouvant être piloté, lequel permet de séparer le réseau haute tension (3) de la batterie haute tension (4), et un dispositif (10) servant à réduire une tension électrique dans le réseau haute tension (3). L'invention prévoit que le dispositif (10) comporte au moins un tube à décharge de gaz (GDT1 à GDT4).
PCT/EP2019/066046 2018-06-28 2019-06-18 Électronique de puissance pour un véhicule automobile pouvant être entraîné électriquement WO2020002050A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018210584.7A DE102018210584A1 (de) 2018-06-28 2018-06-28 Leistungselektronik für ein elektrisch antreibbares Kraftfahrzeug
DE102018210584.7 2018-06-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020002050A1 true WO2020002050A1 (fr) 2020-01-02

Family

ID=66998418

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/066046 WO2020002050A1 (fr) 2018-06-28 2019-06-18 Électronique de puissance pour un véhicule automobile pouvant être entraîné électriquement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102018210584A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020002050A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418530A (en) * 1966-09-07 1968-12-24 Army Usa Electronic crowbar
US3611044A (en) * 1970-06-30 1971-10-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Surge protection apparatus with improved circuit for reliable sparkover
DE102013201570A1 (de) * 2013-01-31 2014-07-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung zum Schützen eines Bordnetzes eines Elektrofahrzeuges vor einer elektrischen Überspannung und entsprechendes Verfahren sowie Elektrofahrzeug mit der Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung
DE102013207514A1 (de) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung zum Schützen eines Bordnetzes eines Elektrofahrzeuges vor einer elektrischen Überspannung und entsprechendes Verfahren sowie Elektrofahrzeug mit der Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung
CN108206505A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2018-06-26 马亨德拉雷瓦电动汽车有限公司 用于电动车辆充电期间之突波防护的方法和装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3418530A (en) * 1966-09-07 1968-12-24 Army Usa Electronic crowbar
US3611044A (en) * 1970-06-30 1971-10-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Surge protection apparatus with improved circuit for reliable sparkover
DE102013201570A1 (de) * 2013-01-31 2014-07-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung zum Schützen eines Bordnetzes eines Elektrofahrzeuges vor einer elektrischen Überspannung und entsprechendes Verfahren sowie Elektrofahrzeug mit der Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung
DE102013207514A1 (de) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung zum Schützen eines Bordnetzes eines Elektrofahrzeuges vor einer elektrischen Überspannung und entsprechendes Verfahren sowie Elektrofahrzeug mit der Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung
CN108206505A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2018-06-26 马亨德拉雷瓦电动汽车有限公司 用于电动车辆充电期间之突波防护的方法和装置

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