WO2019242209A1 - 实现裸眼三维3d、二维2d/3d切换的结构及方法 - Google Patents

实现裸眼三维3d、二维2d/3d切换的结构及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019242209A1
WO2019242209A1 PCT/CN2018/114111 CN2018114111W WO2019242209A1 WO 2019242209 A1 WO2019242209 A1 WO 2019242209A1 CN 2018114111 W CN2018114111 W CN 2018114111W WO 2019242209 A1 WO2019242209 A1 WO 2019242209A1
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prism
liquid
polyisotropic
prisms
prism array
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PCT/CN2018/114111
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English (en)
French (fr)
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段晓玲
闫文龙
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张家港康得新光电材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2019242209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019242209A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
    • G02B30/36—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using refractive optical elements, e.g. prisms, in the optical path between the images and the observer

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  • the present disclosure relates to the field of naked-eye three-dimensional (3D) display, for example, a structure and method for realizing naked-eye 3D through a directional backlight, and a structure and method for two-dimensional (2D) / 3D switching.
  • 3D three-dimensional
  • the related art discloses a solution for implementing naked eye 3D through a directional backlight structure.
  • a directional backlight structure As shown in Figure 1, by controlling the light emitting diodes (LEDs) on both sides in combination with the light turning structure: after the first LED 34 is turned on, the light is more deflected in the direction of the first eye 1a after passing through the structure 40; the second LED 32 After being turned on, the light passes through the structure 40 and is more deflected in the direction of the second eye 1b.
  • naked-eye 3D is achieved by frequency-controlling the LED switches on both sides.
  • the directional backlight is difficult to implement and has mass production problems.
  • the reasons are as follows: First, because the light guide plate with double or single-sided light entrance is difficult to ensure the consistency of the light sources on both sides, there is a problem of uneven picture; Can achieve 3D display effects, can not achieve 2D display effects.
  • the present disclosure provides a structure and method for realizing naked eye 3D and a structure and method for 2D / 3D switching, so as to solve the problem of non-uniformity of the picture caused by double-sided or unilateral light entry in the related art.
  • the present disclosure provides a structure for realizing naked eye 3D, including: a first prism layer and a second prism layer;
  • the first prism layer and the second prism layer are stacked;
  • the first prism layer includes a first prism array, and a plurality of prisms of the first prism array may be filled with a first polyisotropic liquid;
  • the second prism layer includes a second prism array, and a plurality of prisms of the second prism array may be filled with a second polyisotropic liquid;
  • the refractive index of the first polyisotropic liquid is the same as the refractive index of the first prism array, and the refractive index of the second polyisotropic liquid is the same as the refractive index of the second prism array;
  • the first prism array and the second prism array have different deflection directions for the same incident light.
  • the refractive index of the first prism array is the same as the refractive index of the second prism array.
  • the deflection directions of the first prism array and the second prism array for the same incident light are symmetrical with the incident direction of the incident light as a center line.
  • the first prism layer and the second prism layer communicate with each other through at least one valve, and the at least one valve is configured to pass through the first multi-directional liquid or the second multi-directional liquid. Homosexual liquid
  • the at least one valve can be opened or closed.
  • the present disclosure also provides a structure for implementing 2D / 3D switching, including the structure for implementing naked eye 3D as described above.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for implementing naked eye 3D, which is applied to the structure for implementing naked eye 3D as described above, the method includes:
  • the step 1 includes: filling a plurality of prisms of a first prism array of a first prism layer with a first polyisotropic liquid, and not filling a plurality of prisms of a second prism array of a second prism layer with a second Polyisotropic liquid
  • the step 2 includes: filling a second polyisotropic liquid between a plurality of prisms of a second prism array of a second prism layer, and not filling a first between the plurality of prisms of the first prism array of the first prism layer. Multi-isotropic liquid.
  • the method further includes: filling the second prism from a plurality of prisms in the first prism array of the first prism layer through the opening of the at least one valve of the first polyisotropic liquid.
  • the plurality of prisms of the second prism array of the layer are used as the second polyisotropic liquid;
  • first prism layer and the second prism layer are communicated through the at least one valve, and the at least one valve is in the first polyisotropic liquid from a plurality of prisms of the first prism array.
  • the plurality of prisms filled between the second prism array are closed as the second polyisotropic liquid.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second polyisotropic liquid is filled into the plurality of prisms of the first prism array of the first prism layer from among the plurality of prisms of the second prism array of the second prism layer through the opening of at least one valve.
  • the at least one valve fills the second multi-directional isotropic liquid between a plurality of prisms of the second prism array and a plurality of prisms of the first prism array as the first multi-directional liquid.
  • the homosexual liquid is then closed.
  • the present disclosure further provides a method for implementing 2D / 3D switching, which is applied to the structure for implementing naked eye 3D as described above, and the method includes:
  • a first polyisotropic liquid is filled between a plurality of prisms of a first prism array of a first prism layer, and a second is filled between a plurality of prisms of a second prism array of a second prism layer.
  • the step 1 includes: filling a plurality of prisms of a first prism array of the first prism layer with the first polyisotropic liquid, and a plurality of prisms of a second prism array of the second prism layer. Not filled between the second polyisotropic liquid;
  • the step 2 includes: filling a plurality of prisms of a second prism array of the second prism layer with the second polyisotropic liquid, and a plurality of prisms of the first prism array of the first prism layer.
  • the first polyisotropic liquid is not filled in between.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a naked-eye 3D device of the related art
  • 2a is a schematic structural diagram of implementing naked eye 3D according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 2b is a diagram of a state in which the backlight is deflected in the first direction according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of a state where the backlight is deflected in the second direction according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a state diagram of a backlight not being deflected according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 5 is a left-eye view state of a first time slot
  • FIG. 7 is a 2D display mode
  • FIG. 9 is a method for implementing 2D / 3D switching according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides a prism array using a multi-directional isotropic liquid to deflect or direct light from a prism array, stacking two layers of prism arrays to deflect light in different directions, and realize naked-eye 3D display.
  • the present disclosure provides a directional backlight element for realizing naked eye 3D (that is, a structure for realizing naked eye 3D), which includes: two layers of prisms are stacked, and each layer of prisms can realize deflection or direct radiation of incident light in one direction. During deflection, the deflection directions of the two prism structures on light are different.
  • each layer of prisms includes a prism array and a polyisotropic liquid that can be selectively filled or extracted.
  • the refractive index of the polyisotropic liquid is the same as the refractive index of the prism array in the prism.
  • the deflection of the layer of prisms on light is removed when the polyisotropic liquid is filled in; when the polyisotropic liquid is withdrawn, the deflection of the layer of prisms on light is generated and maintained.
  • the difference in the deflection directions of the two layers of prisms in the present disclosure means that the two layers of prism arrays corresponding to the two layers of prisms respectively deflection directions of the same incident light when they are not filled with a multi-directional isotropic liquid.
  • the light output by the backlight unit is incident light.
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic structural diagram of realizing naked eye 3D provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the structure includes a first prism layer, a second prism layer, and a power device.
  • the first prism layer and the second prism layer are arranged in a stack;
  • the first prism layer includes a first prism array 11 and a first liquid filling or extracting channel 15, and a plurality of prisms of the first prism array 11 can be used for a first multi-direction
  • the liquid is filled, and the first liquid filling or extracting channel 15 is configured to fill or extract the first polyisotropic liquid.
  • the second prism layer includes a second prism array 13 and a second liquid filling or extracting channel 16.
  • a plurality of prisms of the second prism array 13 may be filled with a second polyisotropic liquid, and the second liquid filling or extracting channel 16 It is arranged to charge or withdraw the second polyisotropic liquid.
  • the power device is connected to the first liquid charging or drawing channel 15 and the second liquid charging or drawing channel 16 respectively, and is configured to provide power for charging or drawing the first polyisotropic liquid through the first liquid charging or drawing channel 15. And to provide power for charging or withdrawing the second isotropic liquid through the second liquid filling or withdrawing channel 16.
  • a liquid storage device may be further included to store the first polyisotropic liquid and the second polyisotropic liquid.
  • the opening or closing of the at least one valve may be controlled by a control device.
  • a polyisotropic liquid can be understood as a property in which the physical and chemical properties of the liquid do not change due to different directions, that is, the measured performance values of the liquid in different directions are exactly the same. Also called homogeneity.
  • the arrangement angle of the two layers of prism arrays or the deflection directions of the two layers of prism arrays for the same incident light are symmetrical with respect to the direction of the incident light, that is, the first prism array and the second prism array respectively face the same incident.
  • the direction of deflection of light is symmetrical about the center of incidence of the incident light.
  • the two-layer prism array can be adaptively adjusted according to the positional relationship between the left and right eyes of the observer and the display device, so that the deflected light enters the left and right eyes of the observer, respectively.
  • Working state 1 The backlight is deflected in the first direction.
  • the second prism layer 13 (ie, the lower prism layer) has no polyisotropic liquid.
  • the refractive index of the second prism array in the second prism layer is n2.
  • the refractive index of the air between the prisms is n0, n2 ⁇ n0, so light will be deflected by the second prism layer 13 in the first direction A1 when passing through it.
  • the first prism layer 11 that is, the upper prism layer
  • the refractive index of the first prism array in the first prism layer is n1
  • the refractive index of the first polyisotropic liquid between the plurality of prisms of the first prism array is n1. Therefore, when light passes by, Continue to maintain the original direction of projection. The light is deflected in the first direction A1 as a whole.
  • Working state 2 The backlight is deflected in the second direction.
  • the polyisotropic liquid in the second prism layer 13 (that is, the lower prism layer) is filled.
  • the refractive index of the second prism array in the second prism layer is n2
  • the second prism array The refractive index of the polyisotropic liquid between the multiple prisms is n2, so the light is transmitted in the original direction while passing through.
  • the polyisotropic liquid in the first prism layer 11 (that is, the upper prism layer) is extracted.
  • the refractive index of the first prism array in the first prism layer is n1
  • the refractive index of the air between the plurality of prisms of the first prism array is n0, so the light is deflected by the first prism layer in the second direction when passing through.
  • the light as a whole is deflected in the second direction A2.
  • the present disclosure provides a 2D / 3D switchable display device (ie, a structure that implements 2D / 3D switching) using a directional backlight element, which may include the following working states:
  • the polyisotropic liquid in the upper and lower prism layers is filled, and the matching of the refractive index with the refractive index of the corresponding prism layer is achieved respectively, so that light passes through the prisms in the original direction.
  • the backlight is not deflected as a whole.
  • a display panel such as a liquid crystal display (LCD)
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • a directional backlight element it is possible to provide an integrally-oriented backlight to the LCD, thereby realizing 3D display.
  • the light deflection effect of the directional backlight element of the present disclosure can be selectively removed, so it is also possible to switch the 2D / 3D display mode in the 3D display field.
  • 5 to 7 show the left-eye view of the first time slot, the right-eye view of the second time slot, and the 2D display view corresponding to the above working states, respectively, where the left-eye view shown in FIG. 5 and the 6-bit view The right-eye view alternates to achieve naked-eye 3D display.
  • first polyisotropic liquid and the second polyisotropic liquid may be the same or different, or the refractive indexes of the two may be the same or different.
  • first polyisotropic liquid and the second polyisotropic liquid correspond to the first prism layer and the second prism layer, respectively, that is, the first polyisotropic liquid is filled into or extracted from the first prism layer, and the second polyisotropic liquid is filled Or extract the second prism layer.
  • the first polyisotropic liquid is the same as the second polyisotropic liquid, and the refractive indices of the first prism array and the second prism array are the same.
  • At least one valve that can be opened or closed is provided on the surface where the first prism layer is in contact with the second prism layer.
  • the polyisotropic liquid filled by the first prism layer can pass through at least the opened at least A valve flows into the second prism layer, and closes after flowing into the second prism layer through the polyisotropic liquid filled in the first prism layer.
  • the polyisotropic liquid in the second prism layer can flow to the first prism layer through at least one valve.
  • a first polyisotropic liquid is filled into the first prism layer. After the deflection is completed, the polyisotropic liquid flows to the second prism layer through at least one valve. After the deflection is completed, the liquid of the second prism layer is drawn out, and at the same time, the same liquid as the first polyisotropic liquid is filled into the first prism layer. Repeat the above steps. This has the advantage that there is no need to return the liquid of the second prism layer to the first prism layer by an external force. Filling the first prism layer with another same liquid while the second prism layer liquid is being drawn out can save time.
  • the aforementioned use of a polyisotropic liquid in combination with a prism array realizes light deflection and direct light by adjusting the refractive index in the prism layer.
  • Two layers of prisms are stacked to achieve different deflections of light to achieve naked eye 3D.
  • Polyisotropic liquids are low cost and have the same refractive index in each direction, so they do not depend on the angle of the incident light.
  • the above structure can use the same incident light to achieve 3D. Compared with the related technology, it solves the problem of non-uniformity caused by light incident on both sides and unilateral sides.
  • the refractive index of the polyisotropic liquid to light has no correlation with the direction of light incidence, avoiding the dependence on the angle of light.
  • 2D display can also be realized.
  • the prism arrangement directions of the first prism array and the second prism array are parallel, and the prism extension directions of the first prism array and the second prism array are parallel.
  • FIG. 8 is a method for implementing naked eye 3D according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 8, the method includes:
  • Step 810 Fill a plurality of prisms of a first prism array of a first prism layer with a first polyisotropic liquid, and fill a plurality of prisms of a second prism array of a second prism layer with a second polyisotropy. liquid;
  • Step 820 Fill a plurality of prisms of the second prism array of the second prism layer with the second polyisotropic liquid, and fill a plurality of prisms of the first prism array of the first prism layer with the first polyisotropy. liquid.
  • FIG. 9 is a method for implementing 2D / 3D switching according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9, the method includes:
  • step 910 is performed
  • Step 910 Fill a plurality of prisms of a first prism array of a first prism layer with a first polytropic liquid, and fill a plurality of prisms of a second prism array of a second prism layer with a second polytropic material. liquid;
  • Step 920 Fill the first polyisotropic liquid between the plurality of prisms of the first prism array of the first prism layer, and between the plurality of prisms of the second prism array of the second prism layer. Filling the second polyisotropic liquid;
  • Step 930 Fill the second polyisotropic liquid between the plurality of prisms of the second prism array of the second prism layer, and between the plurality of prisms of the first prism array of the first prism layer. Filling the first polyisotropic liquid.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种实现裸眼3D以及2D/3D切换的结构和方法，包括：层叠设置的第一棱镜层和第二棱镜层，第一棱镜层包括第一棱镜阵列(11)，第一棱镜阵列(11)的多个棱镜之间可用第一多向同性液体(12)填充；第二棱镜层包括第二棱镜阵列(13)，第二棱镜阵列(13)的多个棱镜之间可用第二多向同性液体(14)填充，第一棱镜阵列(11)和第二棱镜阵列(13)对同一入射光的偏转方向不同。

Description

实现裸眼三维3D、二维2D/3D切换的结构及方法
本申请要求在2018年6月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810653299.9的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及裸眼三维(three-dimensional，3D)显示领域，例如涉及一种通过指向型背光实现裸眼3D的结构及方法、二维(two-dimensional，2D)/3D切换的结构及方法。
背景技术
相关技术中公开了通过指向型背光结构实现裸眼3D的方案。如图1所示，通过分别控制两侧发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)结合光转向结构实现：第一LED34开启后光线经过结构40后更多的往第一眼睛1a方向偏转；第二LED32开启后光线经过结构40后更多的往第二眼睛1b方向偏转。从而通过频率控制两侧LED开关实现裸眼3D。
但该指向型背光实现难度较大，存在量产性问题，理由在于：一由于双侧或单边入光的导光板难以保证两侧光源的一致，因此存在画面不均匀的问题；二、只能实现3D显示效果，无法实现2D显示效果。
发明内容
本公开提供一种实现裸眼3D的结构及方法、2D/3D切换的结构及方法，以解决相关技术中因双侧或单边入光导致的画面不均匀的问题。
在一实施例中，本公开提供了一种实现裸眼3D的结构，包括：第一棱镜层和第二棱镜层；
所述第一棱镜层和所述第二棱镜层层叠设置；
第一棱镜层包括第一棱镜阵列，所述第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间可用第一多向同性液体填充；
第二棱镜层包括第二棱镜阵列，所述第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间可用第二多向同性液体填充；
其中，所述第一多向同性液体的折射率与所述第一棱镜阵列的折射率相同，所述第二多向同性液体的折射率与所述第二棱镜阵列的折射率相同；
所述第一棱镜阵列和所述第二棱镜阵列对同一入射光的偏转方向不同。
在一实施例中，所述第一棱镜阵列的折射率与所述第二棱镜阵列的折射率相同。
在一实施例中，所述第一棱镜阵列与所述第二棱镜阵列分别对同一入射光的偏转方向以所述入射光的入射方向为中线对称。
在一实施例中，所述第一棱镜层与所述第二棱镜层之间通过至少一个阀门连通，所述至少一个阀门设置为通过所述第一多向同性液体或所述第二多向同性液体；
其中，所述至少一个阀门可开启或关闭。
在一实施例中，本公开还提供一种实现2D/3D切换的结构，包括如上所述的实现裸眼3D的结构。
在一实施例中，本公开还提供一种实现裸眼3D的方法，应用于如上所述的实现裸眼3D的结构中，所述方法包括：
交替进行下述步骤1和步骤2：
所述步骤1包括：将第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第一多向同性液体，且第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充第二多向同性液体；
所述步骤2包括：将第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第二多向同性液体，且第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充第一多向同性液体。
在一实施例中，该方法还包括：所述第一多向同性液体通过至少一个阀门的开启从所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充入所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间作为所述第二多向同性液体；
其中，所述第一棱镜层与所述第二棱镜层之间通过所述至少一个阀门连通，所述至少一个阀门在所述第一多向同性液体从所述第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充入所述第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间作为所述第二多向同性液体之后关闭。
在一实施例中，该方法还包括：
所述第二多向同性液体通过至少一个阀门的开启从所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充入所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间作为所述第一多向同性液体；
其中，所述至少一个阀门在所述第二多向同性液体从所述第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充入所述第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间作为所述第一多向同性液体之后关闭。
在一实施例中，本公开还提供一种实现2D/3D切换的方法，应用于如上所述的实现裸眼3D的结构中，所述方法包括：
当实现2D显示时，将第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第一多向同性液体，以及将第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第二多向同性液体；
当实现3D显示时，交替进行下述步骤1和步骤2：
所述步骤1包括：将所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充所述第一多向同性液体，且所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充所述第二多向同性液体；
所述步骤2包括：将所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充所述第二多向同性液体，且所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充所述第一多向同性液体。
附图说明
图1为相关技术的裸眼3D装置结构图；
图2a为本公开实施例提供的一种实现裸眼3D的结构示意图；
图2b为本公开实施例一的背光向第一方向偏转状态图；
图3为本公开实施例一的背光向第二方向偏转状态图；
图4为本公开实施例二的背光不偏转状态图；
图5为第一时隙的左眼视图状态；
图6为第二时隙的右眼视图状态；
图7为2D显示模式；
图8为本公开实施例提供的一种实现裸眼3D的方法；
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种实现2D/3D切换的方法。
附图标记：
第一LED-34；第二LED-32；结构-40；第一眼睛-1a；第二眼睛-1b；第一棱镜阵列-11；第一多向同性液体-12；第二棱镜阵列-13；第二多向同性液体-14；第一液体充入或抽出通道-15；第二液体充入或抽出通道-16；第一方向-A1；第二方向-A2。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来说明本公开。
本公开提供一种利用多向同性液体与棱镜阵列搭配以实现棱镜阵列对光的偏转或直射，将两层棱镜阵列层叠，实现光向不同方向的偏转，实现裸眼3D显示。
实施例一
本公开提供一种实现裸眼3D的指向性背光元件(即，实现裸眼3D的结构)，包括：两层棱镜堆叠，每层棱镜能够实现对入射光向一个方向的偏转或直射，当实现光的偏转时，两层棱镜结构对光的偏转方向不同。在一实施例中，每层棱镜包括棱镜阵列和可以选择性充入或抽出的多向同性液体，多向同性液体的折射率和该棱镜中棱镜阵列的折射率相同。因此，对于每一层棱镜，当多向同性液体充入时，该层棱镜对光的偏转作用被移除；当将多向同性液体抽出时，该层棱镜对光的偏转作用产生并维持。本公开中两层棱镜对光的偏转方向不同是指两层棱镜分别对应的两层棱镜阵列在未填充多向同性液体时对同一入射光的偏转方向不同。
在一实施例中，背光单元输出的光为入射光。
在一实施例中，图2a本公开实施例提供的一种实现裸眼3D的结构示意图，参见图2a，该结构包括第一棱镜层、第二棱镜层以及动力装置。第一棱镜层和 第二棱镜层层叠设置；第一棱镜层包括第一棱镜阵列11和第一液体充入或抽出通道15，第一棱镜阵列11的多个棱镜之间可用第一多向同性液体填充，第一液体充入或抽出通道15设置为充入或抽出所述第一多向同性液体。第二棱镜层包括第二棱镜阵列13和第二液体充入或抽出通道16，第二棱镜阵列13的多个棱镜之间可用第二多向同性液体填充，第二液体充入或抽出通道16设置为充入或抽出所述第二多向同性液体。动力装置分别与第一液体充入或抽出通道15和第二液体充入或抽出通道16连接，设置为为通过第一液体充入或抽出通道15充入或抽出第一多向同性液体提供动力，以及为通过第二液体充入或抽出通道16充入或抽出第二多向同性液体提供动力。
在一实施例中，还可以包括液体存储装置，用来存储第一多向同性液体和第二多向同性液体。
在一实施例中，至少一个阀门的开启或关闭可以通过控制装置来控制。
在一实施例中，多向同性液体可以理解为液体的物理、化学等方面的性质不会因方向的不同而有所变化的特性，即液体在不同的方向所测得的性能数值完全相同，也称均质性。
本一实施例中，两层棱镜阵列的排列角度或者两层棱镜阵列分别对同一入射光的偏转方向相对于该入射光的方向对称，即，第一棱镜阵列与第二棱镜阵列分别对同一入射光的偏转方向以该入射光的入射方向为中线对称。两层棱镜阵列可以根据观察者的左右眼与显示装置的位置关系进行适应性调整，以使得偏转后的光分别进入观察者的左右眼。
以下说明本公开的工作状态。
工作状态1：背光向第一方向偏转。
如图2b所示，第二棱镜层13(即，下面的棱镜层)中没有多向同性液体，此时，第二棱镜层内第二棱镜阵列折射率为n2，第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间的空气折射率为n0，n2≠n0，因此光在经过时会被第二棱镜层13沿第一方向A1偏转，当第一棱镜层11(即，上面的棱镜层)中的多向同性液体被充入时，第一棱镜层内第一棱镜阵列折射率为n1，第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间的第一多向同性液体折射率为n1，因此，光在经过时继续维持原方向投射。光整体沿第一方向A1偏转。
工作状态2：背光沿第二方向偏转。
如图3所示，第二棱镜层13(即，下面的棱镜层)中的多向同性液体被充入，此时，第二棱镜层内第二棱镜阵列折射率为n2，第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间的多向同性液体折射率为n2，因此光在经过时维持原方向透射，第一棱镜层11(即，上面的棱镜层)中的多向同性液体被抽出，此时，第一棱镜层内第一棱镜阵列折射率为n1，第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间的空气折射率为n0，故光在经过时被第一棱镜层向第二方向偏转。光整体沿第二方向A2偏转。
实施例二
在一实施例中，本公开提供一种利用指向性背光元件组成的2D/3D可切换显示装置(即，实现2D/3D切换的结构)，可以包括下述工作状态：
工作状态3：背光不偏转
如图4所示，上下两层棱镜中的多向同性液体均被充入，分别实现折射率与相应的棱镜层折射率的匹配，故光经过这两层棱镜时均维持原方向透射。整体上不对背光进行偏折。
将上述实施例一的指向背光元件应用到3D显示领域中，可在整个指向性背光元件的出光侧设置显示面板，例如液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)。 而利用指向性背光元件可以实现向LCD提供整体导向的背光，进而实现3D显示。同时，本公开的指向性背光元件的光偏转作用是可以选择性移除的，因此还可以实现3D显示领域中的2D/3D显示模式的切换。
图5-图7分别对应上述工作状态示出了第一时隙的左眼视图、第二时隙的右眼视图以及2D显示视图，其中图5示出的左眼视图和图6示出的右眼视图交替即实现了裸眼3D显示。
实施例三
本实施例与上述实施例一的区别在于多向同性液体的充入或抽出方式。在实施例一和实施例二中，第一多向同性液体与第二多向同性液体可以相同，也可以不同，或者两者的折射率可以相同或不同。但第一多向同性液体和第二多向同性液体分别对应第一棱镜层与第二棱镜层，即第一多向同性液体充入或抽出第一棱镜层，第二多向同性液体充入或抽出第二棱镜层。
本实施例中，第一多向同性液体与第二多向同性液体相同，第一棱镜阵列与第二棱镜阵列的折射率相同。在第一棱镜层与第二棱镜层接触的面上设有可以开启或关闭的至少一个阀门，在第二棱镜层填充液体时，第一棱镜层充入的多向同性液体可以通过开启的至少一个阀门流向第二棱镜层内，通过在第一棱镜层充入的多向同性液体流入第二棱镜层内后关闭。当往第一棱镜层内填充液体时，第二棱镜层中的多向同性液体可以再通过至少一个阀门流向第一棱镜层。
在一实施例中，由于第二棱镜层的液体流向第一棱镜层要借助外力，因此，可以通过如下方式：
将第一多向同性液体填充入第一棱镜层，偏转结束后，该多向同性液体通过至少一个阀门流向第二棱镜层。偏转结束后，将第二棱镜层的液体抽出，并同时将与第一多向同性液体相同的液体填充入第一棱镜层。重复上述步骤。这 样的好处在于，无需借助外力将第二棱镜层的液体回流至第一棱镜层。在将第二棱镜层液体抽出的同时将另一相同的液体填充至第一棱镜层，可以节省时间。
上述利用多向同性液体与棱镜阵列搭配，通过调整棱镜层内的折射率实现了光的偏转与直射。两层棱镜堆叠实现光的不同偏转从而实现裸眼3D。多向同性液体成本低，且在每个方向上折射率相同，因此不依赖于入射光的角度。上述结构可以利用同一入射光实现3D，相比于相关技术，解决了双侧、单边入光导致画面不均匀的问题。同时，多向同性液体对光的折射率与光的入射方向没有关联性，避免了对光线角度的依赖性。当两层棱镜层均不对光进行偏转时，还可实现2D显示。
在一实施例中，所述第一棱镜阵列和所述第二棱镜阵列的棱镜排列方向平行，且所述第一棱镜阵列和所述第二棱镜阵列的棱镜延伸方向平行。
实施例四
图8为本公开实施例提供的一种实现裸眼3D的方法，如图8所示，该方法包括：
交替进行下述步骤810和步骤820：
步骤810：将第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第一多向同性液体，且第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充第二多向同性液体；
步骤820：将第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第二多向同性液体，且第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充第一多向同性液体。
实施例五
图9为本公开实施例提供的一种实现2D/3D切换的方法，如图9所示，该方法包括：
当实现2D显示时，执行步骤910；
步骤910：将第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第一多向同性液体，以及将第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第二多向同性液体；
当实现3D显示时，交替进行下述步骤920和步骤930：
步骤920：将所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充所述第一多向同性液体，且所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充所述第二多向同性液体；
步骤930：将所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充所述第二多向同性液体，且所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充所述第一多向同性液体。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种实现裸眼三维3D的结构，包括：第一棱镜层和第二棱镜层；
    所述第一棱镜层和所述第二棱镜层层叠设置；
    所述第一棱镜层包括第一棱镜阵列，所述第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间可用第一多向同性液体填充；
    所述第二棱镜层包括第二棱镜阵列，所述第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间可用第二多向同性液体填充；
    其中，所述第一多向同性液体的折射率与所述第一棱镜阵列的折射率相同，所述第二多向同性液体的折射率与所述第二棱镜阵列的折射率相同；
    所述第一棱镜阵列和所述第二棱镜阵列对同一入射光的偏转方向不同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的结构，其中，所述第一棱镜阵列的折射率与所述第二棱镜阵列的折射率相同。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的结构，其中，所述第一棱镜阵列与所述第二棱镜阵列分别对同一入射光的偏转方向以所述入射光的入射方向为中线对称。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的结构，其中，所述第一棱镜层与所述第二棱镜层之间通过至少一个阀门连通，所述至少一个阀门设置为通过所述第一多向同性液体或所述第二多向同性液体；
    其中，所述至少一个阀门可开启或关闭。
  5. 一种实现二维2D/三维3D切换的结构，包括如权利要求1-4任一项所述的实现裸眼3D的结构。
  6. 一种实现裸眼三维3D的方法，应用于如权利要求1-4任一项所述的实现裸眼3D的结构中，所述方法包括：
    交替进行下述步骤1和步骤2：
    所述步骤1包括：将第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第一多向同性液体，且第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充第二多向同性液体；
    所述步骤2包括：将所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充所述第二多向同性液体，且所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充所述第一多向同性液体。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，还包括：所述第一多向同性液体通过至少一个阀门的开启从所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充入所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间作为所述第二多向同性液体；
    其中，所述第一棱镜层与所述第二棱镜层之间通过所述至少一个阀门连通，所述至少一个阀门在所述第一多向同性液体从所述第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充入所述第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间作为所述第二多向同性液体之后关闭。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，还包括：
    所述第二多向同性液体通过至少一个阀门的开启从所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充入所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间作为所述第一多向同性液体；
    其中，所述至少一个阀门在所述第二多向同性液体从所述第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充入所述第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间作为所述第一多向同性液体之后关闭。
  9. 一种实现二维2D/三维3D切换的方法，应用于如权利要求1-4任一项所述的实现裸眼3D的结构中，所述方法包括：
    当实现2D显示时，将第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第一 多向同性液体，以及将第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充第二多向同性液体；
    当实现3D显示时，交替进行下述步骤1和步骤2：
    所述步骤1包括：将所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充所述第一多向同性液体，且所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充所述第二多向同性液体；
    所述步骤2包括：将所述第二棱镜层的第二棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间填充所述第二多向同性液体，且所述第一棱镜层的第一棱镜阵列的多个棱镜之间不填充所述第一多向同性液体。
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