WO2019241980A1 - Method and apparatus for early detection of kicks - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for early detection of kicks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019241980A1 WO2019241980A1 PCT/CN2018/092308 CN2018092308W WO2019241980A1 WO 2019241980 A1 WO2019241980 A1 WO 2019241980A1 CN 2018092308 W CN2018092308 W CN 2018092308W WO 2019241980 A1 WO2019241980 A1 WO 2019241980A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- rate
- vfr
- drilling fluid
- drilling
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
Definitions
- Embodiments of the disclosure relate generally to methods and apparatus for early kick detection in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop.
- gas, oil or other well fluids at a high pressure may flow from the drilled formations into the wellbore created during the drilling process.
- An unplanned influx from the formation into the wellbore is referred to in the industry as a “kick” and may occur at unpredictable moments. If the “kick” is not promptly controlled, the well and the equipment in the well will be damaged.
- specific commercial meter such as Coriolis, EM or Doppler meters may be used for the flow-in and flow-out measurement in an uphole environment; or using the difference between flow-in and flow-out, which is obtained by collecting more information and constructing more complex models to calibrate as much as possible of the flow-out measured in a downhole environment, to detect the kick.
- a method for early kick detection in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop comprises collecting flow-in rate and flow-out rate of a drilling fluid; calibrating the flow-out rate to obtain a calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; determining a difference flow rate between the flow-in rate and the calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; and identifying the kicks based on the flow rate difference.
- an apparatus for early kick detection in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop comprises a first sensor, positioned in a onshore input flow section of the drilling fluid loop, for detecting flow-in rate of a drilling fluid; a second sensor, positioned in an undersea return flow section of the drilling fluid loop, for detecting flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; and a controller communicated with the first sensor and the second sensor.
- the controller comprises a parameter collecting unit configured for collecting the flow-in rate and the flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; a calculating unit configured for calibrating the flow-out rate to obtain a calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid and determining a flow rate difference between the flow-in rate and the calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; and a kick detection unit configured for identifying the kicks based on the flow rate difference.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for early kick detection in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop according to one embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a method for early detection of kicks in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop according to one embodiment.
- a “fluid” may be, but is not limited to, a gas, a liquid, an emulsion, a slurry, and/or a stream of solid particles that has flow characteristics similar to liquid flow.
- Fluid pressure is a pressure generated by a fluid in a formation.
- an apparatus for early detection of kicks in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop according to one embodiment is shown.
- the apparatus 1 is useable in an offshore drilling installation having a drilling fluid loop 11 into a well drilled below the seabed.
- a fluid flow is pumped into the well from a platform on the water surface and flows towards the well via an input fluid path.
- a return flow flows from the well towards the surface via a return path.
- the platform on the water surface is a mud tank.
- the apparatus 1 includes a first sensor10 configured to measure the flow-in rate of a drilling fluid pumped into the well.
- the first sensor 10 positioned in a onshore input flow section 101 of the drilling fluid loop 11, may be a stroke counter connected to a fluid pump that provides the input flow into the input fluid path. Due to the uniformity of the density and other physical properties of the fluid input into the well, various known flow measuring methods may be employed.
- the apparatus 1 further includes a second sensor 20 configured to measure the flow-out rate of the drilling fluid.
- the second sensor 20, positioned in an undersea return flow section 102 of the drilling fluid loop 11, may be a flow measuring device of any existing type with no requirement for the accuracy of the measured flow rate.
- the apparatus 1 further includes a controller 30 communicated with the first sensor 10 and the second sensor 20.
- the controller 30 comprises a parameter collecting unit 31, a calculating unit 32 and a kick detection unit 33.
- the parameter collecting unit 31 is configured for collecting the flow-in rate and the flow-out rate measured by the first sensor 10 and the second sensor 20 in real time.
- the calculating unit 32 is configured for calibrating the flow-out rate and determining a flow rate difference between the flow-in rate and the calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid.
- the calculating unit 32 further includes a modeling element 321 and a calibrating element 322.
- the modeling element 321 is configured for monitoring an evaluation of the flow-in rate and the flow-out rate over time, and obtaining a reference pattern based on the evaluation of the flow-in rate and the flow-out rate over time.
- the calibrating element 322 is configured for determining the calibrated flow-out rate based on the reference pattern.
- VFR out (t) K ⁇ VFR in (t-T 0 ) (1)
- VFR in is the flow-in rate as measured
- VFR out is the flow-out rate as measured
- t is time
- K is time-varying parameters which can be estimated via the following equation:
- the calibrated flow-out rate may be obtained via the equation (4) .
- the flow rate difference may be determined by the following equation (5) :
- VFR in the flow-in rate (VFR in ) can be constant or variable. If the flow-in rate is constant, the above calibration process may be simplified via the following equation:
- VFR out (t) K ⁇ VFR in
- the kick detection unit 33 is configured for identifying the kicks based on the flow rate difference. Specifically, the flow-out rate always equals to the flow-in rate during normal operation (i.e., no kick event occurs) , and the flow rate difference is zero. If the flow-in rate continues to be greater than zero, the flow rate difference continues to increase, which indicates that a kick event has occurred or is imminent.
- the controller 30 further includes a pre-processing unit (34) configured for pre-processing the flow-in rate (VFR in ) and the flow-out rate (VFR out ) of the drilling fluid to filter out fluctuations so as to increase the accuracy of the preceding calibration process.
- a pre-processing unit (34) configured for pre-processing the flow-in rate (VFR in ) and the flow-out rate (VFR out ) of the drilling fluid to filter out fluctuations so as to increase the accuracy of the preceding calibration process.
- the apparatus 1 also includes a third sensor 40 configured for collecting drilling parameters of drilling bit motion.
- the drilling parameters include the area of the cross section of the drilling bit and the rate of the drilling bit motion.
- the third sensor 40 is communicated with the Wellsite Information Transfer Specification System, and the controller 30 as well.
- the variety of the flow-out rate caused by the drilling bit motion also needs to be taken into consideration.
- the variety of the flow-out rate caused by the drilling bit motion may be obtained by the following equation:
- S is the area of the cross section of the drilling bit
- drillingbitvelocity is the rate of the drilling bit motion
- flow-out rate caused by the drilling bit motion
- the method 100 includes a step 110 of collecting flow-in rate and flow-out rate of a drilling fluid; a step 120 of calibrating the flow-out rate to obtain a calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; a step 130 of determining a flow rate difference between the flow-in rate and the calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; and a step 140 of identifying the kicks based on the flow rate difference.
- the step 120 includes a step 121 of monitoring an evaluation of the flow-in rate and the flow-out rate over time; a step 122 of obtaining a reference pattern based on the evaluation of the flow-in rate and the flow-out rate over time; and a step 123 of determining the calibrated flow-out rate based on the reference pattern.
- the reference pattern comprises at least one time-varying parameter for calibrating the flow-out rate.
- the method 100 further includes a step 150 of pre-processing the flow-in rate and the flow-out rate of the drilling fluid to filter out fluctuations.
- the100 further includes a step 161 of collecting a drilling parameter of drilling bit motion; and a step 162 of estimating a drilling flow-out rate based on the drilling parameter to calibrate the flow-out rate.
- the apparatus and method as described above are provided for early kick detection.
- An accurate estimation of a flow-out rate can be obtained without a high precision flowmeter and a complicated calibration process of the flow-out rate so as to achieve accurate and early detection of kick.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- A method for early kick detection in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop, comprising:collecting flow-in rate (VFR in) and flow-out rate (VFR out) of a drilling fluid;determining a flow rate difference (Δflow) between the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; andidentifying the kicks based on the flow rate difference (Δflow) .
- The method of claim 1, wherein calibrating the flow-out rate (VFR out) to obtain the calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid comprises:monitoring an evaluation of the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the flow-out rate (VFR out) over time;obtaining a reference pattern based on the evaluation of the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the flow-out rate (VFR out) over time; and
- The method of claim 2, wherein the reference pattern comprises at least one time-varying parameter (K, T 0) for calibrating the flow-out rate.
- The method of claim 1, further comprising:pre-processing the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the flow-out rate (VFR out) of the drilling fluid to filter out fluctuations.
- An apparatus for early kick detection in a drilling system with a drilling fluid loop, comprising:a first sensor, positioned in a onshore input flow section of the drilling fluid loop, for detecting flow-in rate (VFR in) of a drilling fluid;a second sensor, positioned in an undersea return flow section of the drilling fluid loop, for detecting flow-out rate (VFR out) of the drilling fluid; anda controller communicated with the first sensor and the second sensor and comprising:a parameter collecting unit configured for collecting the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the flow-out rate (VFR out) of the drilling fluid;a calculating unit configured for calibrating the flow-out rate (VFR out) to obtain a calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid and determining a flow rate difference (Δflow) between the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the calibrated flow-out rate of the drilling fluid; anda kick detection unit configured for identifying the kicks based on the flow rate difference (Δflow) .
- The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the calculating unit comprises:a modeling element for monitoring an evaluation of the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the flow-out rate (VFR out) over time, obtaining a reference pattern based on the evaluation of the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the flow-out rate (VFR out) over time; and
- The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the reference pattern comprises at least one time-varying parameter (K, T 0) for calibrating the flow-out rate.
- The apparatus of claim 6, further comprises:a pre-processing unit configured for pre-processing the flow-in rate (VFR in) and the flow-out rate (VFR out) of the drilling fluid to filter out fluctuations.
- The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the parameter collecting unit is further configured for collecting a drilling parameter (S, drillingbitvelocity) of drilling bit motion from a third sensor; and the calculating unit is further configured for estimating a drilling flow-out rate based on the drilling parameter (S, drillingbitvelocity) to calibrate the flow-out rate (VFR out) .
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112020023947-0A BR112020023947A2 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | method and apparatus for early detection of kicks |
CN201880093597.5A CN112543839A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Method and apparatus for early detection of kick |
KR1020207037301A KR20210013721A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Method and apparatus for early detection of kick |
PCT/CN2018/092308 WO2019241980A1 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Method and apparatus for early detection of kicks |
US16/972,919 US20210246743A1 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Method and apparatus for early detection of kicks |
MX2020012617A MX2020012617A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Method and apparatus for early detection of kicks. |
NO20201441A NO20201441A1 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2020-12-30 | Method and apparatus for early detection of kicks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2018/092308 WO2019241980A1 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Method and apparatus for early detection of kicks |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2019241980A1 true WO2019241980A1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
Family
ID=68983169
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2018/092308 WO2019241980A1 (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Method and apparatus for early detection of kicks |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210246743A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20210013721A (en) |
CN (1) | CN112543839A (en) |
BR (1) | BR112020023947A2 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2020012617A (en) |
NO (1) | NO20201441A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019241980A1 (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6257354B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2001-07-10 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling fluid flow monitoring system |
US20060016592A1 (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-01-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Kick warning system using high frequency fluid mode in a borehole |
CN204532178U (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-08-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Intelligent drilling fluid quantity judging device and intelligent overflow and lost circulation early warning system |
CN205154146U (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-04-13 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Well kick lost circulation monitoring devices |
CN205638300U (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-10-12 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Well drilling working condition monitoring system |
WO2017112532A1 (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | General Electric Company | Kick detection system and method for drilling well and associated well drilling system |
CN207261003U (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-04-20 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司录井公司 | A kind of drilling well outlet flow measurement device |
Family Cites Families (8)
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US4610161A (en) * | 1985-07-05 | 1986-09-09 | Exxon Production Research Co. | Method and apparatus for determining fluid circulation conditions in well drilling operations |
US4754641A (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1988-07-05 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for measurement of fluid flow in a drilling rig return line |
US5063776A (en) * | 1989-12-14 | 1991-11-12 | Anadrill, Inc. | Method and system for measurement of fluid flow in a drilling rig return line |
GB2478119A (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-08-31 | Managed Pressure Operations Llc | A drilling system having a riser closure mounted above a telescopic joint |
AU2011282638B2 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2015-07-16 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Monitoring of drilling operations with flow and density measurement |
US9033048B2 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2015-05-19 | Hydril Usa Manufacturing Llc | Apparatuses and methods for determining wellbore influx condition using qualitative indications |
US9163497B2 (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-10-20 | Sas Institute Inc. | Fluid flow back prediction |
CN105952436B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2019-08-20 | 西南石油大学 | A method of early stage well kick overflow real-time monitoring is carried out based on instantaneous flow |
-
2018
- 2018-06-22 US US16/972,919 patent/US20210246743A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-06-22 BR BR112020023947-0A patent/BR112020023947A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-06-22 CN CN201880093597.5A patent/CN112543839A/en active Pending
- 2018-06-22 MX MX2020012617A patent/MX2020012617A/en unknown
- 2018-06-22 KR KR1020207037301A patent/KR20210013721A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-06-22 WO PCT/CN2018/092308 patent/WO2019241980A1/en active Application Filing
-
2020
- 2020-12-30 NO NO20201441A patent/NO20201441A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6257354B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2001-07-10 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling fluid flow monitoring system |
US20060016592A1 (en) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-01-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Kick warning system using high frequency fluid mode in a borehole |
CN204532178U (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-08-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Intelligent drilling fluid quantity judging device and intelligent overflow and lost circulation early warning system |
CN205154146U (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-04-13 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Well kick lost circulation monitoring devices |
WO2017112532A1 (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | General Electric Company | Kick detection system and method for drilling well and associated well drilling system |
CN205638300U (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-10-12 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Well drilling working condition monitoring system |
CN207261003U (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-04-20 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司录井公司 | A kind of drilling well outlet flow measurement device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112020023947A2 (en) | 2021-02-23 |
US20210246743A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
KR20210013721A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
CN112543839A (en) | 2021-03-23 |
MX2020012617A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
NO20201441A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
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